HBMQiANDUM ON STUDY OP LEAD EXPOSPFE IN FOUNDIY '.tic moat useful procedure for present purposes.

Rea Paul, consulting colorist 0/ National Lead Co.

A protecto* lotr to lead chloride fm erer the lead and tortho cotiotwa it tcbitod Ut tba Ska renabt intact.

tically eliminate the fire hazard and the dan ger of bums from accidental contact Ordi nary metal covering on wood tables is not sufficient because the metal conducts heat and may ignite the wood below Holders should be designed so that em ployees cannot accidentally touch the hot irons if they reach for them without looking The best holder completely encloses the heated surface and is inclined so that the weight of the iron prevents it from falling out Also see NSC Data Sheet 445, Hand Soldenng and Brazing Harmful quantities of fumes from lead sol dering should not be allowed to accumulate Local regulations may require exhaust facili ties if much lead soldering is done Even if lead fumes are not present in harmful quanti ties, it may be desirable to exhaust the nui sance fumes and smoke Air samples should be taken to venfy that the amount of lead in the air is not harmful Lead solder particles should not be allowed to accumulate on the floor and on work tables If the operation is such that the solder or flux may spatter, employees should wear face shields or do the work under a transparent shield Air power tools Air hose.

The attached data shows that the proposed system will reduce the lead concentrate below 0.5ppm.

Laist:- WHITE LEAD ~~ To avoid undue delay, in the absence of Mr.

We agreed to include lead as in the form of fume and dust.

I. iiinit iIn imtd.had Dmh 111' vluu-lutd is r|p In/ln grade white-lead obtainable.

Daly Chicago Plant ' Control of Lead Levels 8/3/78 F.

His30-Gill, there, i no aanger ;f lead poisoning for.om the handling and use of1 he mixed tasoline.

Inhalation of isopropyl alcohol vapor can produce mild irritation of conjunctiva and mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract No cases of indus trial poisoning have been recorded in the literature Isopropyl alcohol is potentially narcotic In large amounts, it is more toxic and more narcotic than ethyl alcohol, but less so than n-propyl alcohol to animals There is ap parently little or no accumulation in the body Mild imtation of the eyes, nose and throat was induced in human subjects exposed for three or five minutes to 400 ppm of isopropyl alcohol From the viewpoint ofcomfort these subjects found 200 ppm to be the highest con centration acceptable for an eight-hour ex posure It has been stated that the minimum concentration with identifiable odor of iso propyl alcohol is 200 ppm Contact of the skin with solutions of iso propyl alcohol can cause solvent irritation type dermatitis Isopropylamine exhibits strong local irri tant properties It has good warning proper ties--at 5 to 10 ppm, its ammonia-like odor is definite, between 10 and 20 ppm, the odor becomes so strong that nose and throat irri tation result from short exposures, workers exposed to concentrations between 25 and 50 ppm experienced nausea and temporary impairment of vision Repeated exposure of the skin to the liquid and vapors of isopropyl amine may result m dermatitis The eyes may be chronically irritated by the vapors Employees should be instructed to minimize contact with isopropylamine liquid and vapors as much as possible If work contact with the liquid or vapors is unavoidable, personal protective equipment should be used Isopropylamme is primarily an acute irritant, and is capable of causing bums on contact It is alkaline in nature and causes bums similar to those of strong solutions of ammonia The high volatility, low flash point, and relatively low ignition temperature produce a high potential fire and explosive hazard Isopropyl ether, like the other ethers, forms explosive peroxides upon standing m contact with air Industrial exposure to isopropyl ether is most likely to occur through a direct contact with the skin or eyes due to an acci dental spill, or through an inhalation expo sure to low concentrations of the material m the atmosphere Acute exposures to phys iologically significant concentrations are rare because of the flammability associated with such concentrations The primary physiological response to iso propyl ether is that of general anesthesia Even though it is somewhat more toxic than ethyl ether the vapor concentration necessary for this anesthetic effect is much higher than the concentration that causes irritation and unpleasant odors This compound is only slightly irritating to the skin and is capable of producing only minor injury to the eyes It is not absorbed through the skin m harmful amounts Lead was one of the first industrial mate rials to be recognized as a senous health haz ard, and it still accounts for many cases of disability In industrial work, lead enters the system mainly in the form of dust by inhala tion Lead compounds can produce poisoning when they are swallowed, but absorption from the digestive system is slow and in efficient, so that large doses of most lead compounds are required and poisoning de velops slowly In the respiratory system, on the other hand, most lead compounds are ab- 1354

How many minority employees does National Lead employ?

. : i ;r ''r`vw;vf:i like bo saake inquiry* I shall not give the exmat quotation - but I noted that Dr* Dedham stated that his department was concerned in a measure, frith - cheeking the safety of ' employed In the mixing operations* Bis words mere to the ^ effect that although no eases of lead poisoning had developed among these workmen* there were evidences that some degree ; of lead absorption was occurring* X am not quite certain as to what evidences of lead absorption he may have been referring to* X assume that he probably meant that some of the men so engaged were showing basophilic stippling In their blood* tie have been following a representative group of these men in the United States over a period of years since 1926* and in addition to blood examinations on all men* we have followed the lead excretion of a representative group* The results (f our analytical examinations Indicate beyond any reasonable doubt that the lead absorption of these men is Insignificant* How* If the equipment used for mixing in Australia Is equaled in excellence with that .

MEMORANDUM ON STUDY OP LEAD BXPQ50PE IN FOUNDI Y Vhc moat useful procedure for present purposes, in studying the lead exposure in the foundry is to obtain samples of the feces and urine of a sizeable group of men made up of carefully chosen representatives of all types of jobs.

,g Medical Control of Industrial Exposure to Lead Yjte-tf n 1.