Document V3M3dvnYXJENrvYL0gDoQvDxK

Elements of Industrial Toxicology result of it It occurs m hematite miners and in welders who work m confined spaces with out enough ventilation Most authorities feel that the concentration of iron m the air should be kept below the point at which it collects m the lung Isophorone. Except for the effect of inhala tion of the vapors of isophorone, there is little recorded information upon its physiological activity Isophorone is considered to have a low degree of hazard to health by inhalation, even though it has a moderately high degree of toxicity by this route Vapors are quite irri tating and have an unpleasant odor to unacchmated humans, so that over exposure is not likely ifits warning properties are heeded One report states that a short exposure of un conditioned human volunteers exposed to concentrations of 25 ppm of vapors of iso phorone was definitely irritating to the eyes, nose, and throat Isophorone is classified as a primary skin irritant--brief contact can cause inflammation Isopropyl alcohol. Inhalation of isopropyl alcohol vapor can produce mild irritation of conjunctiva and mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract No cases of indus trial poisoning have been recorded in the literature Isopropyl alcohol is potentially narcotic In large amounts, it is more toxic and more narcotic than ethyl alcohol, but less so than n-propyl alcohol to animals There is ap parently little or no accumulation in the body Mild imtation of the eyes, nose and throat was induced in human subjects exposed for three or five minutes to 400 ppm of isopropyl alcohol From the viewpoint ofcomfort these subjects found 200 ppm to be the highest con centration acceptable for an eight-hour ex posure It has been stated that the minimum concentration with identifiable odor of iso propyl alcohol is 200 ppm Contact of the skin with solutions of iso propyl alcohol can cause solvent irritation type dermatitis Isopropylamine exhibits strong local irri tant properties It has good warning proper ties--at 5 to 10 ppm, its ammonia-like odor is definite, between 10 and 20 ppm, the odor becomes so strong that nose and throat irri tation result from short exposures, workers exposed to concentrations between 25 and 50 ppm experienced nausea and temporary impairment of vision Repeated exposure of the skin to the liquid and vapors of isopropyl amine may result m dermatitis The eyes may be chronically irritated by the vapors Employees should be instructed to minimize contact with isopropylamine liquid and vapors as much as possible If work contact with the liquid or vapors is unavoidable, personal protective equipment should be used Isopropylamme is primarily an acute irritant, and is capable of causing bums on contact It is alkaline in nature and causes bums similar to those of strong solutions of ammonia The high volatility, low flash point, and relatively low ignition temperature produce a high potential fire and explosive hazard Isopropyl ether, like the other ethers, forms explosive peroxides upon standing m contact with air Industrial exposure to isopropyl ether is most likely to occur through a direct contact with the skin or eyes due to an acci dental spill, or through an inhalation expo sure to low concentrations of the material m the atmosphere Acute exposures to phys iologically significant concentrations are rare because of the flammability associated with such concentrations The primary physiological response to iso propyl ether is that of general anesthesia Even though it is somewhat more toxic than ethyl ether the vapor concentration necessary for this anesthetic effect is much higher than the concentration that causes irritation and unpleasant odors This compound is only slightly irritating to the skin and is capable of producing only minor injury to the eyes It is not absorbed through the skin m harmful amounts Lead was one of the first industrial mate rials to be recognized as a senous health haz ard, and it still accounts for many cases of disability In industrial work, lead enters the system mainly in the form of dust by inhala tion Lead compounds can produce poisoning when they are swallowed, but absorption from the digestive system is slow and in efficient, so that large doses of most lead compounds are required and poisoning de velops slowly In the respiratory system, on the other hand, most lead compounds are ab- 1354