' 1, The hazard of lead poisoning is present whenever men enter a stowage tank which has contained leaded gasoline.

sorbed rapidly and completely so that poi soning will develop from much lower doses It is not even necessary that the compound penetrate deeply into the respiratory system It has been demonstrated experimentally that lead compounds are absorbed rapidly and completely from the nasal passages when they have no chance to go either into the digestive system or deeper into the respira tory system Prevention of lead poisoning is almost en tirely a matter of good housekeeping and dust control To prevent ingestion, food or drinks should not be taken into workrooms where lead compounds are handled The metal is essentially harmless Al though it can be vaporized at high tempera tures, such temperatures are not usually attained in casting, soldering, or heat treating baths Casting and soldering pots should have local exhaust hoods to get nd of lead vapor or lead compounds which may be earned off with volatile fluxes It is at least equally im portant that the surface of the lead be kept free from dross and that the dross container be enclosed under the same hood so that dross can be removed from the pot and the container covered and removed, all under ex haust Likewise, on large soldenngjobs the solder ing operation should be locally exhausted, pnmarily to prevent nose and throat lmtation from acid fluxes More important, the fur naces used for heating the soldenng irons should be exhausted because m these fur naces considerable lead is invariably oxidized Assembly of battery plates and burning on of the connectors should be done on grilletop tables with down-draft ventilation This installation plus regular air sampling to en sure control of contamination, and physical examinations to keep track of lead absorption by employees, can eliminate lead poisoning from battery plants The poisoning produced by inhalation of solid inorganic lead compounds commonly causes symptoms of lead colic and lead anemia Shpple cells or other readily stained cells in the circulating blood are good indi cators of lead absorption, although not so good as the direct measurement of lead con tent of the blood or unne Urinalyses for lead can now be run routinely and cheaply and with sufficient accuracy by polarographic or spectrographic methods Lead tetraethyl and other lead alkyls are likely to be much more rapidly progressive as poisons than the nonvolatile compounds and are much more likely to attack the nerv ous system than to produce gastrointestinal symptoms These effects are probably typical of the volatile lead compounds, none of which is common in industry See Industrial Data Sheet 443 and Hygienic Guide Lethanes --see Thiocyanates (aliphatic).

The results obtained may be summarized as follows* (1) Lead retained by filter. - About 70$ of the lead input is retained by the stovepraotioal'iy all in the filter and its oase.

Sheet lead Joints were overlapped and taped.

Manganese, lead, etc.

I aaa DO reason far the lead producers to be pesslalstle as far as tetraethyl lead is con cerned. .

This analysis was based on levels of 350 pg/1 of copper and 1000 pg/1 of lead.

It is hereby declared that ' (a) inasmuch as scientists have been in creasingly* concerned with various aspects of lead pollution, ' although it is not now exactly provable that atmospheric - lead is harmful, lead has been strongly implicated in many metabolic disorders and the inferential evidence that lead is toxic to humans is overv;helming as. evidenced by the fact that lead oxides can be absorbed directly from the lungs since between 25'g and 5 ^ of lead inhaled Is not exhaled; and (b) medical science, in addition to pointing out the lead toxicity to the adults warns us that children are especially susceptible to the effects of lead and these effects evidence themselves both as general sy.r.puoms of lead poisoning, and as a possible source of mental retardation; and ' {c 5 lead toxicity is implicated in reproductive failure in that exposure of mothers to lead has a damaging effect upon fertility, the course of pregnancy, and the development of the fetus; _ 1 '` it is the intent of the Erie County L gislature to phase out tne use o: Lsoxirn containing lead in order md control the toxic emissions caused by the use of leaded gasoline Local Law Intro.

It has been established beyond question that the handling of leaded gasoline in the customary manner at loading racks and gasoline service stations Involves no risk of the absorption of measureable quantifies of lead.

Ter **rtrml yean pa*t represent*tire* of tha tstraetfcgrl lead InJurtry, too hara tpoken bfor* th# Lead Xnduatriea Association's insil asetlng*, has* oonslstonily palntad bright pictor* of th* future outlook for t*tr**tlgrl lead nd th* conswptlon of pig l**d *ileh go** along with it.

LIA21773 LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION Grsybsr BuiWiny, 420 Lsxington Av*mi# New York, N.

In areas where dtidten eat leaded paM, kad levels in teeth were high; in areas where children are not exposed to leaded paM.

Many other doctors wrote that they had seen cases of lead poisoning in children and mentioned cribs, toys, woodwork, furniture, lead nipple shields and breast ointments with a lead base as the sources.

Many other doctors wrote that they had seen cases of lead poisoning in children and mentioned cribs, toys, woodwork, furniture, lead nipple shields and breast ointments with a lead base as the sources.

Ter **rtrml yean pa*t represent*tire* of tha tstraetfcgrl lead InJurtry, too hara tpoken bfor* th# Lead Xnduatriea Association's insil asetlng*, has* oonslstonily palntad bright pictor* of th* future outlook for t*tr**tlgrl lead nd th* conswptlon of pig l**d *ileh go** along with it.