Program Committee E.

y,c T *v / HEALTH AND SAFETY ACT id fit HEALTH AND SAFETY RULES RULES A-M f H* .

Contents 8 Pathology of Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis Arthur J Vorvald, M.D. 35 9 Epidemiology of Coal Workers' Pneuaoconioais in Vales M.

2k7. over the long range period of time on safe levels of dust, because of the individual exposed long enough toa dust, he will get the same effects over a long period of time which he canin a short period of time in higher concentration.

Page 3 pedal is being "pumped," the end of the hose must be submerged in the fluid.

the present time, plans are under way to eliminate even these.

whenever possible, and this can be accomplished successfully only when we have a complete understanding* There nay be times when we may not have the immediate answer, however, again it is our responsibility to assist you in getting the answer to your problems.

;* . i IL I SCF-ALLF-01671 Other Volumes in this Series Users of this volume will find much value in its companion volumes.

71 f Industrial Hygiene Digest INDUSTRIAL HEALTH NEWS LITERATURE ABSTRACTS MEDICAL ENGINEERING CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGICAL INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATION MELLON INSTITUTE 4400 FIFTH AVENUE -i- PITTSBURGH 13, PA.

32 TABLE 5 Part III Study o( Combined Cohorts Combined death rates per 100,000 man-years of risk for Asbestos and THctford Mines "Proved" cancer of lung death rate1 per 100,000 man-years of risk 25.S { 9 35271.5 "Suspected" plus proved cancer of lung death rate per 100,000 man years of risk a 34,0 ( 12 . 35271.5 In two, no autopsy was performed but the clinical signs and symptoms were such that the death certificates read "cancer of the Lung", and "suspected lung cancer".

Yazoo Gty, Miss.; E.

t) Yoik i Oe* iford.

SAFETY ORGANIZATION AND SAFETY INSPECTION aids, and result in making it a safer and more healthful place in which to work A plant benefittmg from an effective safety program will have a working environment in which operations can be conducted eco nomically, efficiently, and safely In preparing for an inspection, it is ad visable to analyze all accidents for the last several years so that special attention can be given those conditions and those loca tions known to be accident producers Safe ty inspections may be classified as follows 1 Periodic inspections 2 Intermittent inspections 3 Continuous inspections 4 Special inspections Periodic inspections Periodic inspections are those scheduled to be made at regular intervals It is ad visable to schedule inspections for the en tire plant, for certain operations, or for certain types of equipment Such inspec tions may be made monthly (Fig 2-7), semi-annually, annually, or at other suit able intervals Some types of equipment, such as elevators, boilers, unfired pressure vessels, and fire extinguishing equipment are required by law to be inspected at regular intervals All periodic inspections should be well planned so they can be made with dispatch and efficiency A tickler file or some other method should be set up so that those in charge can be notified sufficiently in advance of the scheduled date to make necessary preparations General inspections In many plants, it is an established policy to make a general in spection of the entire premises each year, except for those departments or equipment that are scheduled for more frequent in spections A general inspection should cover those places that "no one ever visits" and "where no one ever gets hurt" Many of these outof-the-way places are located overhead where it is difficult to see a hazard from the shop floor Inspections should not be confined to those places where senous injuries have occurred Even no-injury accidents and near-accidents will often pomt to causes of future injuries General inspections are particularly valu- SAFETY INSPECTION These are some of the things to look for when making a safety inspection: 1.

HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND INDUSTRIAL SAFETY the years and his ability to cope with indi viduals who have used this name to "nee dle" him While an individual's capacity for intel lectual achievement is determined at birth, its development and utilization will vary Some take advantage of their opportunities, whether formal or informal, to develop their capacities Others, because of conflict within themselves or with the environment, do' little to develop their potential Certain ly, it is important for the safety man to try to help provide an atmosphere in which the individual will desire not only to work to the limit of his capacities, but also to in crease his knowledge in his field of work, and in which he will feel free to express creative ideas for improving the safety pro gram Habit patterns, so important both m physical skills and in relationships with oth er people, are established through the inter action of the individual with his environ ment Some people have established habit pat terns which make them useful, contribut ing, and acceptable members of groups, while other people are avoided because they have habit patterns that make them "hard to get along with " For whatever reason, lack of motivation, limited ability to learn, or poor training, such workers soon become liabilities to a safety program because of their poorly developed and frequently un safe work patterns Interaction of environment and heredity Whether hereditary factors or environmen tal factors account more for individual dif ferences is not of great importance in this discussion It is important simply to recog nize that both heredity and environment play a part--that what one is today is the product of the interaction of the qualities with which he was born and the environ ment in which he has lived Influences of differences on safety The problem of individual differences has been related directly to the problem of safe ty in industry For some years, safety men and psychologists alike explored the con cept of "accident proneness" It was be hoved for a tune that herein was the final solution to the whole problem of safety.

MAINTAINING INTEREST IN SAFETY be cultivated, and its cultivation concomi tantly increases the ability to deal with peo ple individually.