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Sr/c - rtrz ---------------- MIL-C-2861 23 August 1951 MILITARY SPECIFICATION CEMENT, INSULATION, HIGH-TEMPERATURE P This specification was approved by the Departments of the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force for use of procurement services of the respective Departments, and supersedes the following specification: Navy 32C14h 1 April 1948 This specification consists of this cover sheet and Navy Department Specification 32C14h, dated 1 April 1946, together* with Amendment-1, dated 15 October 1948, attached hereto, without modification.

KAi-GCOtfLIK Uth December, 1959* Ur. 0.

T (h Industrial Hygiene Digest INDUSTRIAL HEALTH NEWS LITERATURE ABSTRACTS MEDICAL ENGINEERING CHEMICAL / .///, TOXICOLOGICAL > < <o?.

Heating Ventilating Air Conditioning Guide 1954 Conductivity, 3. 89, 174, 180 bat type insulation, 174, 180 building boards, 174,180 building materials, 174,180 homogeneous materials, 169 insulating materials, 174, 175, 180, 181, 628 insulation blankets, 174,180 insulators, 174, 180, 628 loose-fill insulation, 175, 180, 187 masonry materials, 171,180 plastering materials, 173,180 reflective insulation, 170,180 rigid insolation, 175,180 roofing construction, 173, 184 soil, 176, 177 woods, 173, 181 Conductor, 3 Conduits for piping, 643 Connections boiler, 396, 508 heating units, 520 Control, controls absorption units, 880 actuated, 873' actuating, 872 adsorption units, 880 airborne infection, 132 all-year conditioning, 654, 877, 882 application, 874 automatic, 467, 871 fuel appliances, 357, 875 temperature, 872 basic types, 871 central fan system, 653, 880 all-year system, 653, 881 heating cycle, 656 coal-fired plant, 875 compressor, 852, 880 cooling units, 879 damper operator, 874 dehumidification, 879; 880 dehydrating equipment, 865 desigo, 887 designation, 871 draft, 329 . electric heating, 875 electronic, 885 equipment for motors, 900 fan, 744,880 gas burner, 875 gas-fired appliances, 875 heating unit, 875 hot water heating, 878 hot water supply, 1085 humidity, railway cars, 1054 ice busker, 880 indicating, 873 individual rooms, 1064 limit, 876 modulating, 871, 877 motor, 889 oil burners, 875 panel heating, 883 circuit balance, 884 inertia, 883 night temperature, 884 typical systems, 885 pneumatic systems, 871 rate of biochemical reactions, 991 rate of chemical reactions, 989 rate of crystallisation, 991 recording, 873 refrigeration equipment, 850, 879 compressor type, 880 ice cooling, 880 well water, 880 regain, 988 relay, 874 residential systems, 875 room, 886 room thermostat, 876, 886 safety, 853 service water temperature, 1085 ship control, 1064 single phase motor, 901 Control(s) (continued) solenoid valves, 852 sound, 905 squirrel-cage motor, 900 steam heating, 877 steam jet system, 880 stoker, 365, 875 system, 877 temperature, 871 terminology, 871-874 thermostats, 872 two-position control, 871 types, 871, 872 unit cooler, 879 unit heaters, 878 unit systems, 877, 878, 879 unit ventilators, 879 . valves, 521, 621, 873 ventilator, 231 volume, 689 warm air system, 876 well water, 880 zone, 677, 886 Controllers, 871 functions, 871 types, 871 Convection, 3, 89, 99 equation, 91 unit conductances, 94 Convector, convectors, 3, 541, 545 correction factor, 546, 548 heat emission, 548 heating effect, 548 induction, 660, 661 ratings, 546 Converging vanes, 682 Conversion burners, 375 equations,-15, 207 Coolers, 591, 601, 849 Cooling. 265, 584 air conditioning units, 591, 1094 atmospheric water, 773 coil selection, 807 evaporative, 661 load, 265, 657 methods, 479 performance of coils, 813, 815 ponds, 781 residential, 479, 1094 sensible, 662 spray. 779 , 781 effect of wind, 782 make-up water, 797 size of equipment, 783 winter freezing, 798 systems, 479, 653, 1052, 1056 towers, 780 atmospheric, 783 design, 789, 790 mechanical, 785 operation. 797 performance. 792 selection, 795 units, 591 component parts, 592 control, 598 definitions, 591 defrosting, 602 design, 592 performance, 591, 599 ratings, 598, 602, 603 remote, 596 _ sound isolation, 595 types of, 601 water, 781, 788 water piping, 1076 Copper elbow equivalents, 525 Copper tube dimensions, 608 Core area, 667, 1109 Corrosion, 607, 945 air duets, 961 atmospheric, 960 boilers, 952, 961 cathodic protection, 963 coal storage equipment, 961 XIV Corrosion (continued) cold water, 956 condensates, 948, 958, 959 flue gas, 353 flues, 961 heating systems, 952 hot water, 957 industrial exhaust systems, 1018 minimising condensate, 958 pipe, 962 prevention, 953, 1020 refrigerating systems, 957 underwater, 955 Cost of air conditioning, 967, 1096 amortization, 967 condenser water, 974 first, 967 fixed charges, 967 heating, 976 interest, 970 installed, 968 insurance, 971 labor,972 maintenance, 971 owning and operating, 973 rent, 971 service, 971 taxes, 970 refrigeration equipment, 973 water, 972 Crack length method, 219 used for computations, 256 Crysta llization control rate of, 991 Cylinder dryer, 1044 D Dalton's rule, 28 Damper, dampers, 330, 463, 653, 685,873 Darcy formula, 69 Decibel, 905 Definitions, 1 Defrosting, 602 Degree-day, 3, 437 for cities, 439, 448 formula for, method, 438 industrial, 448 , 449 operating unit, 446 unit fuel consumption, 444 Degree of saturation, 8, 25, 31 Dehumidification, 654, 777, 861 . air conditioning units, 596 air washers, 777 coil selection, 799 , 809 comparison of methods, 861 control, 865 definitions and methods, 861 equipment, 777, 861, 865 performance, 864 estimating loads, 868 liquid methods, 866, 867 moisture load, 868 ships, 1063 solid methods, 863, 865 vapor transfer, 870 Dehumidifying agents, 861 sorbents, 861 absorbents, 861 adsorbents, 861 Density of air, 1 Design conditions summer, 266, 269 winter, 241, 247, 248 Dew-point apparatus temperature, 265, 309 flue gas, 354 , 961 temperature, 9, 26, 1112 Dichlorodifluoromethane, 825- 827, 854 , 855 D ielectric heating, 941 Index to Technical Data Section Direct expansion coils, 802 fired unit heater, 575 indirect heating unit, 3 radiator, 7 return system, 3, 530 Disc fan, 733 Distribution of air (see' Air Distribution), 451, 461, 653, 667, 1052, 1058 District heating, 641 glossary of rate terms, 651 meters, 647 piping, 639 conduits for, 643 inside, 645 overhead distribution, 645 sizes, 641 tunnels, 645 rates, 649 steam requirement, 649 Diverging vanes, 462, 682 Domestic oil burners, 365 Door, doors coefficients of transmission, 197 leakage,219, 221 natural ventilation, 230 Down-Feed one-pipe riser, 3, 6, 483 steam hearing, 3, 489 system, 4, 481 Draft, drafts, 4, 411 available, 413, 418 calculations, 411 chimney , 411' control, 330 factors, 412 general equation, 411 head,4 industrial chimneys, 413 mechanical, 411 . natural, 217, 411 regulation, 329 residential chimneys, 417 requirements, 329, 412, 425. 426 appliances, 426 theoretical, 411 Drawing symbols, 17 Drip, drips, 4, 483,517 Drum dryer, 1044 Dry air, 1 composition, 25, 345 filters, 755 properties of. 30 velocity bead, 705' Dry-bulb temperature, 9 Dry cooling coils, 799, 813 Dry return, 8, 481 Dryer, dryers, 1042 cabinet, 1044 calculations, 1038 compartment, 1043, 1044 cylinder, 1044 drum, 1044 rotary, 1044 spray, 1045 tunnel, 1044 Drying, 989, 1023 application of hygrometry, 1037 calculations, 1038 chart, 1037, 1039 conduction, 1043 constant rate period, 1027, 1029 convection, 1043 critical moisture, 1034 effect- of air velocity, 1028 equations, 1034 equilibrium moisture, 1035 equipment, 1042 example, 1046 external conditions, 1025 factors influencing, 1024 falling rate period, 1031 . internal conditions, 1025 Drying (continued) mechanism of, 1(324 methods, 1042 conduction, 1043 convection, 1043 radiant, 1042 periods, 1026 problem, 1046 radiant, 1042 surface temperature, 1028 systems, 1023 terminology, 1023 Duct, ducts, 453-455, 464, 689 air velocities in, 462, 714. 1006, 1014 approaches to outlets, 689 area change, 708 attenuation, 913, 917 circular equivalents, 701 construction details, 722, 1015 design, 453, 464, 714, 715, 1010 design methods, 715 equal friction, 716 static regain, 718 velocity reduction, 715 dynamic losses, 702 elbow friction losses, 706 exhaust design; 1010 friction losses, 697 heat loss coefficients, 725, 728 lining, 916 maintenance, 729 measurement of velocities. 1105 noise transmitted, 908 pressure changes, 711 pressure loss, 697, 706 recirculating, 453, 455, 463, 692 rectangular equivalents of round, 428, 701 resistance, 697 roughness correction, 701 sizing, 688, 717 sound absorbers, 914 symbols for drawing, 17 system design, 453, 464, 697 weight, 724, 725 Duct sizing, 688 equal friction method, general rules, 454, 464, static regain method, 718 velocity method, 715 - 716 715 Dust, 4,151 combustible, 161 concentrations, 155 determination, 154 filters, 751, 760, 766 precipitators, 755, 768 removal, 751 size, 153 Dust collectors. 751, 762 application, 751, 760, 764 centrifugal, 765 cyclone, 766 cloth, 766 degree of dust removal, 763 electrostatic, 768 fabric, 766, 768 factors affecting selection, 763 inertial separators, 765 settling chambers, 768 scrubbers, 765, 767 testing methods, 755 types, 764 wet, 765 centrifugal, 767 packed tower, 767 spray towers, 767 washers, 767 wet filters, 767 Dynamie head, 5, 702 losses, 702 E EDR (Equivalent direct radia tion), 7; 393, 492, 496, 498, 500, 541 defined, 7, 393, 541, 546 XV Effective temperature, 9, 122 chart, 122,128 index, 122 Efficiency boiler, 390 conversion burner furnace. 404 seasonal, 434 Ejector nozzles, 685 Elbow attenuation, 913 copper equivalents, 525 friction losses, 497, 525, 706. 707 iron equivalents, 497, 525, sheet metal, equivalent, 455 468, 706, 707, 709 Electric, electrical baseboard, 931 control systems, 861 - convector, 931 demand control, 942 dielectric heating, 941 heat applications, 928 heating, 927 calculating capacities, 939 central, 934, 935 control. 929,933 domestic water, 938 equipment, 927 heat pump, 935 induction, 941 power problems, 941 resistors, 8, 927 systems, 929 units, 928 hot water heating, 934 induction heating, 941 installation methods, 929 motor design limits, 890 . panel heating, 556, 932, 933. 934 precipitators, 755, 768 radiant convector, 931 radiant heating, 556, 931 resistors, 927, 932 steam radiator, 932 systems, 889, 929 voltage ratings, 890 Electricity, static, 139, 992 Emisaivity, 95,170 Enclosed radiator, 551 Enthalpy, 4, 24, 30, 51 free, 4 specific, 4, 30 Entropy, 4, 30, 51 mixing, 51 Equivalent evaporation, 4 Estimating fuel consumption, 433 Eupatheoscope, 1114 Evaporative condensers, 848 cooled, unit conditioners, 591 cooling, 661 Evaporators, 849 Excess air. 330, 344, 348, 377 Exhaust opening, 692, 1004,1014 measurement of velocities. 1020, 1109 Exhaust systems, (industrial) 1003 air flow equipm

1202 CHAPTER 10 1954 Guide J: temperature it reaches 100 percent.

CHAPTER 14 1954 Guide 3O3U41 between domestic grades and between commercial and industrial grades. ` The relation between the API gravity of fuel oils and their palorific value is shown in Table 5.

400 CHAPTER 16 1954 Guide Mechanical Warm Air Furnaces Mechanical or forced warm air furnaces include fans or blowers as in tegral parts, for the purpose of circulating the air, and usually include air filters.

998 CHAPTER 45 1954 Guide continuous front and back exposures.

110 CHAPTER 5 1955 Guide' the analogy of electrical resistance-capacitance networks to thermal systems.24 ' For two dimensional problems in steady state conduction, additional techniques of solution are found in flux plotting,6'19 and in the use of a potential tank.9-19 These methods are of most direct use in problems in i which the boundaries of the two dimensional shape are made up of '} isothermal and adiabatic surfaces.

382 CHAPTER IS 1955 Guide Secondary air is drawn into gas appliances by natural draft.

534 CHAPTER 22 1955 Guide the longest supply and longest return piping.

m 582 CHAPTER 24 1955 Guide fa - 0 F fa - 10 F - 20 F fa = 30 F Rate of Snowfall $ Velocity V -- . .Velocity v Velocity 0 5 10 15 5 10 15 5 10 15' 5 10 15 0.08 1.0 151 108 205 135 260 162 127 97 168 117 209 138 102 85 128 97 154 no 75 70 84 75 94 79 0.0 66 66 66 64 64 64 62 62 62 60 60 60 66 66 66 65 65 65 64 64 64 63 63 63 1.6 > 218 273 327 193 233 274 165 191 217 135 144 154 142 169 198 129 149 170 117 129 142 100 105 109 0.0 133 133 133 129 129 129 125 125 125 121 121 121 fm 99 99 99 97 97 97 95 95 95 93 93 93 1.0 292 347 401 1 265 305 346 235 261 287 203 212 221 fm 179 206 234 165 186 206 151 163 176 134 139 144 0.0 208 208 208 202 202 202 195 195 195 188 188 188 tm 137 137 137 134 134 134 131 131 131 127 127 127 Note: This table is based on a relative numiauy oi ou perwm. iU( au m, vc**iK'-***'* -- Rate of snowfall, inches of water equivalent per hour (See Table 3). 4> = Free area ratio. -- Slab output, Btu per (hour) (square foot). -- Air temperature, Fahrenheit. tm ~ Fluid temperature, Fahrenheit.

1122 CHAPTER 50 1955 Guide central air conditioning to residences having heating systems which do not contain provision for attaching summer cooling equipment.