ASBESTOS-A NEW HAZARD By T.

Continued exposure may result in Toluidines produoe the seme symp headaches, irritability, poor appetite, toms as does aniline, with less eyaaoeis neurasthenia, visual disturbances and but more strangury and hemoglobin itching of the eyee which may lead to uria.

THE PROBLEM OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IN INDUSTRY Pacific by REGINALD MOSS Coast Manager Association of Casualty and Surety Executives An address before the third annual meeting of the Western Safety Conference at Portland Oragon August 20th As a preface to this discussion of The Problem of Industry I would like to explain briefly the interest Occupational Diseases in Association of in the subject of the Casualty and Surety Executives which I The Association is have the honor to represent composed of some 60 of the companies of the country the leading casualty Insurance and surety majority of which write a men's substantial volume of work- compensation insurance Its activities are studying problema largely along research lines -- and situations that are of mutual interest to its member companies recent years and the bringing of such diseases under the laws of the workmen's workmen's compensation various Stateo with a bonefits to such resultant increase in the coat of compansation compansation a problem and consequently has received the Association careful study of the It is recognized that where a workman's death or disease that arises out of his disability resulte from a employment he or his dependents compensation Just as if are entitlad to the calamity had resulted from employment At the same time it is felt an gccident in the coures of that socipational disease ba carefully studied and drafted so that first any abuses coverage should outset and will be obviated at the second that the costs of place too compensating such disabilities will not heavy burden on industry Hence the research work has done on the which my Association subject This is a Safety Conference On first thought safety donates dent prevention and only acci- nearly all the workmen's compensation laws -- with a few ceptions in this country ALL- originally covered only injuries by ex otherwise called accidental injuries But from accident calla for just as much protection against diseases the social standpoint safety included as against accidants and to be as safety measures are all the campaigns that have been or for the are being waged prevention of yellow fever smallpox diphtheria scourges of tuberculosis and other humanity Now the workmen a compensation laws are being brought into 400 LIOZ XL 12:01 86/12/10 M^ PRODUCEDAT THE CLATIONAL ARCHIVES Pd same category by being amended or liberally construed to cover occupational v7,thediscanos thereby placing the burden upon industry of preventing such diseases or of compensating for their consequeDQNS In principle occupational diseases mean only those diseases for which indus- try in the person of the employer can rightly be held responsible that is diasands which are peculiar to and characteristic of particular processes occupations or employmento as distinguished from those diseases which are more or less comman to humanity or to the community regardless of differences in occupation number of the a workmen compensation laws in this country cover occupation- al disenten implicitly by including all injuries and not merely accidental injuries {. arising out of the employment or by expressly covering occupational diseases but without defining them or by covering occupational diseases as do- fined in general terms But a majority of our compensation laws that cover occupe- tional diseases and nearly all of such laws abroad define such diseases by listing them in a schedule schedule " The great weight of expert opinion I believe is in favor of this pien It not only avoids much uncertainty and wasteful litigation including pos- sible abuse of power by Industrial Commissions Commissions but by directing the attention of employers specifically to the diseases for which they will be held responsible it is also most conducive to prevention The experience in California in my opinion confirms the merits of the schedule plan Ever since 1918 our woziomen's compon aation law has implicitly covered silicosis as well as other industrial disensen but hardly anybody ever heard of silicosis and Zew ployera had any idea of its seriousness or of means of preventing 10 until in 1930 and 1933 a series of decisions validating long belated claims surprised them and their insurance curriers with a mass of liabilition for coems of a disease contracted years before and of which they had had no warning In connection with compensation for occupational diseases prevention is of first importance Experience indicates that the standard occupational dise8806 that is as lead those which have longest been or zow are more generally recognized nach sine mercury and phosphorus poisoning the beads or compressed air ill 5893 sto can be almost sutirely prevented or greatly reduced by practicable means.

Bartlett pointed to plan saying that this plan may give rise when in He declared lina as being the first state to pass an to granting coverage for diseases which used basic principles Therefore if the basic principles un- occupational disease law which pro- may not be occupational as for example derlying the passage of compensation of accidents are vides for a definite schedule amending the compensation law with provisions pneumonia bronchitis asthma kidney disease heart disease arthritis sciatica Discus laws to apply in cases occupational sound the solution for the dealing specifically with and applying to high blood pressure cancer and various serious 1 in disease problem may be found appro- silicosis and asbestosis He explained other illnesses common to the human tive plan priate legislation A worker is just as disabled if he contracts an occu- that new this had been done by an entirely section justifying the belief that it and race generally He continued When an act gives blanket coverage the act silicosis much pational disease which is peculiar to has been the result of an intelligent all by the use of the phrase any and all sease w characteristic of and arises out of the careful study of the problem by added North occupational diseases or similar lau- period o work be done in connection with spe- parties interested He guage it is vague indefinite and uncer- an accid cific - exposures and directly related Carolina in blazing the trail has consolu- tain Commissions boards and referees be defin - defini- thereto as he sustained a broken leg tributed much constructively to the are required to make their own defini- place as the result of an accident arising out tion of the occupational disease legisla tions and rulings without any legisla effective of and in the course of his employment tive problem as a whole as well as dem- tive guidance This leads to much liti- payable The true rule is and should be that onstrating a thorough study and under- gation for court interpretation There fore Jul industry should compensate for those di standing of its local problems immediately arises doubts and uncer- ing fro only which in individual cases Because occupational diseases are tainties which foster unnecessary and seasebse can medically traced to an origin in slowly occurring injuries not sudden in expensive litigation and places an added or trade risk That is to say a risk not their effect clear as to causes and financial burden upon employer em- a ordinary life but specific to and cre- consequences and furthermore extrenie- boards commissions courts car- of ated by some process or occupation in and all European ly difficult to trace they must by reason of their marked difference from an in- ployes riers and all interested parties even a definite ability industry The British authorities go a bit further holding that jury by accident be treated differently Any inclusive plan or not carefully developed is that it occupational diseases for which compen- Mr.

FILE NAME: National Lead (NATL) DATE: 1935 DOC#: NATL064 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: N atl Lead Subsidiary RS Tabor at Mtg setting up IHF, pg. 7 J.

.nalirUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH MONTREAL, CANADA W Code 4 5/1 10 11 12 13 82 Asbestosis -- A Diagnostic Enigma A Personal View /_ '177 H.

N ev erth eless, the in d iv id u a l company should c o n stan tly guard ag ain st using any to x ic m a te ria l, e sp e c ially lead compounds, in products fo r fin is h in g c h ild r e n 's to y s , e tc .

./3 CAPCO JEN 0012149 -3- The world's leading asbestos-producing organizations are led by the Uralasbest Carbine in the U.S.S.R. with a capacity of 1,500,000 metric tons per year.

Tel MA rket 0218) Howard Harry 54 Duboce av Imperial Color Works Inc 85 2d R509 Kunst Bros 987 Mission Maher Dao P Faint Co 55 New Montgy R722 Martin-Seoour Co 610-14 Folsom Muralo Co 447 Hampshihre Murphy Varoish Co 1073 Howard NASON R N & CO, 151 Potrero Av, Tel UN derhill 0482 National Lead Co 2240 24th aod 931 Mission Pacific Faint & Varnish Co 544 Market R501 PARAFFINE COMPANIES INC THE. 475 Brannan.

ns siliensb..ftSSiaswc.1 24 per reus grams contain some 20 milltan million la snow industries the coat of indus l'<r lead poisoning,'9 pcVcant far various panicles: many of them are about tho trial disease b nuw four or Avc nmcs '"sm* !

Enclosures: (1) A brief outline of the events leading up to and occurring at the "Symposium on Dust Problems" held in Pittsburgh, Pa., January 16, 1935. (2) A brief outline of the discussion and action taken by the Temporary Organization Committee on January 15, 1935. (3) A brief outline of the discussion and action taker, by the Temporary Organization Committee at a spec ial meeting held at the Duquesne Club, Pittsburgh, Pa., on Friday, February 1, 1935. (4) Copy of a letter from Dr.

FILE NAME: International Nickel Corporation (INC) DATE: 1938 DOC#: INC001 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Book Excerpt - Industrial Hygiene Industrial Hygiene A Handbook of Hygiene and Toxicology for Engineers and Plant Managers by Laurence B.

Lead........................................

Tcufnal dJ^ J-mciusW\al <*, TuJLg, ii 34 "I# er*S.

I doubt if the hazard is sufficient to justify warning posters as might be used where lead, benzol or carbon monoxide are concerned.