Document zoodjEXmYdM0VYd6knjgVXZpg

Interoffice Communication to Mr. R. D. Gamblin, Aberdeen, Mississippi From Ralph C. Williams, Ponca City, Oklahoma Date January 16, 1975 subject Indoor Airborne Particulate Survey for Aberdeen PVC Plant opy of the Aberdeen conducted March through June 1974. The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) has set standards for allowable airborne dust and toxic materials concentrations such as lead and other heavy metals. OSHA requested ar Y of this information, a particulate monitoring program was conducted to measure dust concentrations. sizes, and various metal concentrations for in-house use. The results of that survey, along with brief descriptions of dust sources and recommendations for dust control. given in this report. concentrations found in excess OSHA standards should be given special attention. If you have any further questions, please contact myself or Dan Forbes. C V. Vxf JULa /VyyX-O Ralph C. Williams Chemical Engineer Design Division Process Engineering Department mdn Encs CC: CVFsAJMsBGG GJF: RAF: PGW ODS Mr. R. D. Gamblin, Aberdeen, Mississippi Mr. Art Gallagher, Aberdeen, Mississippi Mr. Jerry Powell, Aberdeen, Mississippi Mr. Tom Low, Aberdeen, Mississippi Approved by VAB.0001050204 TABLE OF CONTENTS INDOOR AIRBORNE PARTICULATE SURVEY ABERDEEN PVC PLANT Summary ................................................................. Conclusions and Recommendations . Dust Sources....................................................... Sampling Equipment...................................... Sampling Procedure...................................... Results .... ........................................... Appendix............................................................* A I 3 6 11 13 15 22 VAB.0001050205 Table I II III LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES INDOOR AIRBORNE PARTICULATE SURVEY ABERDEEN PVC PLANT Title OSHA Standards Respirable Dust Determination Summary of Results 1 Dust Source Location (Main Floor) 2 Dust Source Location (2nd and 3rd Floors) A 18 19 20 9 10 IWMPNM VAB.0001050206 rm 1 of 22 * SUMMARY INDOOR AIRBORNE PARTICULATE SURVEY ABERDEEN PVC PLANT The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set specific limitations on employee exposure to various hazardous substances, including nuisance dust and lead. Visual observation of working areas in the Aberdeen compounding and warehouse buildings indicated potential violation of the OSHA standards. As a precautionary measure, a sampling program was initiated to quantatively confirm problem areas. The concentrations of nuisance dust, respirable dust, lead and ten other metals recrulated bv OSHA at different locations around the building. 10 of sait anal table nuisance dust. The highest contaminant concentrations were found in three line blender area. 2) the sera_____________rinder area. and 3) second floor of line 3 compounding. max imum contaminant concentrations measured were 153.5 mg dust, 71.975 mg/m^ respirable dust and 996 mg/m nuisance the scrap blender. This sample exceed OSHA standards bv more than a factor of 20. Actual employee exposure was not measured in this survey. Individual employees may not actually be exposed to the most heavily contaminated areas for a full 8-hour day, since most job requirements are not confined to a specific area. A personnel particulate monitoring program is (using individual portable samplers) is recommended to accurately determine employee exposure. If, however, compliance with OSHA standards can be achieved in potential problem areas, it is improbable that any individual employee would be exposed beyond the OSHA limits. There are two methods which can be used to reduce dust concen trations -- improved maintenance and equipment operation or adequate ventilation. Improved maintenance and operation can, in some instances, greatly reduce the amount of dust entering the air. Where dust formation cannot be prevented. wm iPJi I VAB.0001050207 Summary Indoor Airborne Particulate Survey Aberdeen PVC Plant 2 of 22 * ventilation systems are needed. Local ventilation, such as exhaust hoods, can be used to capture dust at its source and prevent it from entering the ambient air. General ventilation systems can be used to remove contaminants and continuously supply fresh air to larger areas which may have more than one contaminant source. VAB.0001050208 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS INDOOR AIRBORNE PARTICULATE SURVEY ABERDEEN PVC PLANT The major air contamination problems within the compounding building were found to be total dust, respirable dust, and lead. Test results show conclusively that several individual operations in the compounding process are the major dust sources. The dust and lead concentrations in these areas are greater than OSHA exposure limitations: 1. Scrap (hog) grinder. 2. Scrap line blenders 3. Line 3 compound blenders, and dry blend loading. In addition, one sample taken on the 3rd floor was out of compliance. This is not overly important from a health view point as this area is generally unoccupied. Dust from the area around the Line 1 blenders might also occasionally exceed OSHA limits, even though all samples taken from this area were in compliance. The actual employee exposure may be somewhat less than results shown by this survey. The greatest dust concentrations were found to be highly localized and changed rapidly depending upon the current level of activity. The OSHA regulations state that an "equivalent exposure" for an 8-hour day may be calculated according to the formula: E = CaTa + CbTb * * * CnTn 8 where E is the equivalent exposure; C is the concentration during any time period T where the concentration remains constant? T is the duration in hours of exposure at the concentration C. For a completely accurate employee exposure measurement, individual exposure would have to be monitored with a portable sampler carried by the employee throughout the day. A very rough exposure estimate for each job could be made if the VAB.0001050209 Conclusions and Recommendations Indoor Airborne Particulate Survey Aberdeen PVC Plant 4 of 22 time each employee spends in areas of high, medium, and low dust concentrations could be estimated. However, the preferred method would be individual sampling. Under the worst conditions encountered. Sample 42, a reduction of st least 95 percent of the total dust concentration is needed to satisfy OSHA regulations. A reduction of total dust would at the same time reduce the lead and respirable portions to acceptable levels. Most areas require much less than a 95 percent reduction. Reduction of dust levels can be achieved by two methods: A. Maintenance and Operational Improvements B. Improved Ventilation Systems A. Maintenance and Operational Improvements Maintenance is most important in those areas which exceed OSHA standards. If these areas were brought within the exposure limits, compliance would be assured for all employees. Some specific recommendations are given below: 1. Scrap Line: In this area several things can be done. The screw conveyor which transports compound to the extruder should be securely covered during operation. It is now fully exposed. This problem has been pointed out by PED personnel on several occasions (since April, *74) but no action has yet been taken. The reason given was that the entire scrap line was going to be shut down and modifications were, therefore, unnecessary. At present, the scrap line is still in operation and the extent conveyor is still uncovered. The present scrap "hog" should also be studied to see if cleaner operation can be achieved. Alternate methods of loading the blenders (i.e. other than simple hand dumping of bagged materials) may be able to reduce some dust from that source. VAB.0001050210 Conclusions and Recommendations Indoor Airborne Particulate Survey Aberdeen PVC Plant 5 of 22 A 2. Second Floor - Line 3: Most of the dust here originates from hand dumping of bagged materials. There may be alternatives to this bag unloading process. Once the bags are unloaded, the blender covers should fit more securely to prevent further dust losses. 3. Many toxic materials are stored in paper sacks. These sacks are easily torn or punctured and dust leaks out. Stored materials should be covered or otherwise separated busy work areas. 4. The baghouses on the 3rd floor dry blend silos need to be cleaned, have bags replaced, and a maintenance schedule initiated if dust in this area is to be reduced. B. Ventilation In addition to mechanical improvements some areas definitely need improved ventilation or exhaust systems. Plant personnel have previously investigated this approach and a preliminary design has already been issued by Hollis Martin, dated July 11, 1972. The most critical ventilation improvements are: 1. Local ventilation at the scrap line blenders to collect dust in this area. This may be extended to include the "hog". * 2. Improved local ventilation of the Line 3 compound blenders combined with general ventilation of the entire room. 3. Improved local ventilation over the Line 1 compound blenders and banbury mixers. Care must be taken to prevent the dust removed from one area from becoming a problem in other areas. Ideally, a single centralized collection system (baghouse) could be used to clean all air before it is exhausted. The final decision should be based upon the relative economics of preventive maintenance dust collection with an improved ventilation system. VAB.0001050211 6 of 22 * DUST SOURCES INDOOR AIRBORNE PARTICULATE SURVEY ABERDEEN PVC PLANT Within the compounding and warehouse building there are about fourteen major sources of airborne dust contamination. Each is described briefly in this section. A rough floor plan of the building showing the location of these sources is given in Figures 1 and 2. 1. Manual Baggers: The manual baggers are used to load PVC resin and compound into 50-pound bags for distribution and sale. The resin is forced into the bags by compressed air. The bags are placed on the machines and removed by hand and thus require close and constant attention by the operators. Dust escapes from the bags during loading and a small amount escapes when the bags are stacked on pallets. 2. Automatic Baggers; The automatic baggers perform the same function as the manual baggers but do not require close operator attention. However, dust produced at the auto bagger may reach employees working nearby. In general, the entire main floor of the compounding building is open and dust produced in one area can, to some extent, reach all parts of the building. 3. Warehouse Operations: Various warehouse operations, for example - moving containers of resin, compound, and compounding additives - can add dust to the air. Most of the containers are paper sacks which are easily torn or punctured or are inadequately sealed. 4. Gaylord Hopper; The Gaylord hopper loads resin, compound, or pellets into large (1,000-pound capacity) containers known as Gaylords. Some dust may originate here during operation. * 5. Line 1^ Compounding: The line one compounder has two separate sources of dust. One is the blenders where the compounding additives are introduced and mixed. Materials are dumped through hatches creating considerable dust. The other source is an open bucket type conveyor system which transports the mixed compound to the extruder. VAB.0001050212 i f ***** Dust Sources Indoor Airborne Particulate Survey Aberdeen PVC Plant 7 of 22 A 6. Line 1 Dicer; The line one dicer cuts the extruded com pound from line one into small pellets (about 1/8 x 1/8inch). The dicer area is well enclosed, primarily to con trol noise. 7. Line 2 Compounding: The line 2 compounder and its dicer are currently inactive and produce no dust emissions. 8. Scrap Line (Hog) Grinders The hog grinder is used to j grind into powder various scrap materials from around the plant. Its operation produces large quantities of dust in an area where workers are often present. 9. Scrap Line Compound Mixers: The scrap line compounders are used to blend the powdered scrap from the hog grinder with various compounding additives. Among the common additives is carbon black which, when mixed with the scrap, produces a dark grey, highly visable dust. All additives are introduced in dry form to the mixers through hatches. The hatches do not fit securely and dust can escape during the blending process. The blended scrap compound is then conveyed from the mixers to the extruder by a screw conveyor, followed by a small bucket-type conveyor. The open screw conveyor churns up large quantities of dust which often form a layer several inches thick on the floor and nearby equipment. 10. Scrap Line Dicer: This dicer is similar to the Line 1 dicer. It is also enclosed for noise abatement. 11. Line 3. Compounding: The line three compound blenders are located on the second floor, above the line three extruder. * All compounding additives are introduced manually, from bags, into the blenders. This charging operation is the primary dust source on the second floor. A local ventila tion system over the compound blenders helps to reduce the dust concentration in the area, but is not totally effective. 12. Line 3 Dicers: These two small dicers are located on the ground floor of the line three compounding area. They are not enclosed, but are probably not a significant source of dust. VAB.0001050213 Oust Sources Indoor Airborne Particulate Survey Aberdeen PVC Plant 8 of 22 A 13 Dryblend Operations: The dryblending process is used to produce various PVC compounds by thoroughly mixing PVC resin and additives in dry, powdered form. There are two sections of the process which produce dust: On the second floor, bags of compounding additives are dumped into a pneumatic conveyor which transfers them to the dryblend silos on the third floor. When the bags are slit open and emptied to the hopper, much dust escapes. The other source is the dryblend silos. Though these silos have baghouses on the air outlets, they are not properly maintained and this area is very dusty. Often, the floor is covered with several inches of dust. No employees are permanently located on the third floor. 14. Housekeeping Operations; Settled dust and spills are routinely cleaned and collected. Use of sweeping com pound and washing some areas with hoses keeps much of this dust from re-entering the air. However, it is still VAB.0001050214 VAB.0001050215 r m pmm wmmmmmmmm i Tm VAB.0001050216 mmm 11 of 22 * SAMPLING EQUIPMENT INDOOR AIRBORNE PARTICULATE SURVEY ABERDEEN PVC PLANT Two high volume air samplers were available for use at the Aberdeen plant: the Gelman High Volume Air Sampler (Model 2000), and the Gelman Hurricane Air Sampler (Model 16003). Gelman Model 2000 The Model 2000 air sampler consists of a vacuum sweeper motor attached to a filter holder. The filter holder is designed to support an 8-inch x 10-inch filter (Gelman Type A, glass fiber). In sampling, the filter is placed in the holder between the support screen and the sponge rubber gasket on the face plate. The face plate is screwed tightly in place to form an airtight seal. The volume of air drawn through the filter is measured with a small rotameter and varies from 50-60 CFM. The rotameter measures only a small portion of the air flow, but is calibrated to read total air flow directly. Calibration of this flow meter is recommended before use. The air flow rate (50-60 CFM) is not adjustable and will change as the resistance of the filter increases with dust loading. Accordingly, frequent meter readings are required to determine the total volume of sample collected. Included with the sampler is an aluminum housing to support the sampler with the filter oriented horizontally. An aluminum roof can be placed over the filter for weather protection if the sampler is used out of doors. Gelman Model 16003 The Gelman Hurrican Air Sampler is a small, high speed, centri fugal type sampler. It can accommodate either a 4-inch diameter or 8 x 10-inch rectangular filter. The air flow rate is measured by the pressure drop across an orifice plate. The flow gauge on the sampler is calibrated to read directly VAB.0001050217 Sampling Equipment Indoor Airborne Particulate Survey Aberdeen PVC Plant 12 of 22 A in cfm. Three different sized orifice plates are available. With the 4-inch filter, the maximum sampling rate is 20 cfm, but will drop gradually as the filter resistance increases during sampling. VAB.0001050218 1 SAMPLING PROCEDURE INDOOR AIRBORNE PARTICULATE SURVEY ABERDEEN PVC PLANT _ . j ^_ 13 of 2 2 The basic sampling procedure consisted of five steps. 1. The filters were dried to constant weight in a drying oven and tare weights measured. This work was performed in the Aberdeen plant laboratory. 2. A sampling site was selected. 3. The filter was placed in the sampler and sampling started. 4. The air flow rate was then checked and recorded several times during the sampling period. 5. At the end of the sampling period, the filter was carefully removed, dried, and weighed. The Gelman High Volume Sampler (2000) with the 8-inch x 10-inch glass fiber filter was used most often for convenience since the sampling rate was higher. The sampling time varied from two to eight hours depending upon the dust loading, with a desired final sample weight of at least 20 percent of the filter weight (for accuracy of results). The sampling sites were chosen to include both clean and dusty areas during active and inactive work periods. In most instances, the sampler was located as close as possible to areas where workers were permanently or frequently present in an attempt to approximate actual employee dust exposure Examination of a list of compounding additives used in Aber deen showed that as many as 11 metals could be present in the dust. After weighing, each sample was sent to R&D in Ponca City for spectrosaopic analysis. Particle size distri butions were also obtained from each sample by sieving and * I T VAB.0001050219 m Sampling Procedure Indoor Airborne Particulate Survey Aberdeen PVC Plant 14 of 22 A microscopic techniques. Included in each analysis were all the materials shown in Table I (next section) except for Carbon Black and Bisphenol A. There compounds were excluded due to a lack of suitable analytical techniques for their determination. VAB.0001050220 15 of 2 2 A RESULTS INDOOR AIRBORNE PARTICULATE SURVEY ABERDEEN PVC PLANT The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) of the U. S. Department of Labor has issued a comprehensive list of rules and regulations intended to protect the safety and health of employees. These rules were published in the Federal Register, Vol. 37, No. 202, Part II of October 18, 1972. Section 1910.93 of the Federal Register of this act covers air contamination and sets specific limitations for allowable employee exposure to toxic and nuisance dusts and vapors. The rules also include a method for calculating exposure limits when more than one air contaminant is present. The primary particulate air contaminant present in the com pounding building is PVC resin. PVC resin is not covered specifically in the OSHA standards and as such is treated as general nuisance dust. Besides PVC, many other materials are present, and in some localized areas may form the majority of the dust constituents. Comparison of a list of compounding additives used at Aberdeen with the OSHA standards revealed that many of the materials used are specifically regulated. The sampling and analysis program was designed to measure the total dust concentration and to quantitatively analyze samples for all specifically regulated substances. In addition, the OSHA standards also set a limit on the respirable dust frac tion. For this determination, a particle size analysis of the samples was found necessary. Table I summarizes the OSHA standards of interest at Aberdeen. The complete list may be found in the Federal Register (Appendix). Table II provides a definition for the respirable fraction. The OSHA standards are (except where noted) based on an 8-hour time weighted average. Even though a localized area may exceed the standards, it is possible that no individual employee may be exposed to these high concentrations for the full eight hour day, and the average exposure level could be considerably less than these maximum valves. Employees will, in fact, try to avoid the very dusty areas if at all possible. However, for the purpose of this report, any sample exceeding the OSHA VAB.0001050221 Results Indoor Airborne Particulate Survey Aberdeen PVC Plant 16 of 22 * standards was considered out of compliance. In addition, samples collected over shorter time periods than 8 hours were considered to be the same as an 8--hour sample since equipment operation is normally continuous during an 8-hour shift. The basic results and raw data with in the Appendix, is 15 mg/m^. OSHA summarized R&D analv e II, included dust was asured dust concentration in com violation of the nuisance dust _______reater than 1 indicates ard. Similarly, the was dividing the respirable fraction in respirable fraction was determined from the R&D /mJ. The analysis. All particles less than 10 were considered respirable for this report. By definition, however, the fraction is the portion of dust passing throu specific collection device. (Table II gives the device Obviously, using a 10 cutoff results in a conservative value for the respirable fraction. The OSHA standards also require that when more than one air contaminant is present, a cumulative compliance factor be calculated according to the formula: c Em where C is the measured concentration, L is the OSHA standard and E is the equivalent exposure (compliance factor). Table III gives two different cumulative compliance factors. For one, the sample was considered to be only nuisance dust and lead. The overall factor considers the sample to be nuisance dust, lead, and all of the 10 other metals detected which are regulated by OSHA standards. was ards. f these 10, nuisance dust standard. violated the dust standard one of the metals measure und the standard. VAB.0001050222 Results Indoor Airborne Particulate Survey Aberdeen PVC Plant 17 of 22 A its respective individual standard, a comparison of the nuisance dust plus lead compliance factor with the overall compliance factor also shows that all the other contaminants are relatively insignificant when compared to dust and lead. The individual compliance factors for each metal were not included in the summary, but can easily be calculated from the R&D data (and Table I). Those samples out of compliance were all taken in three specific areas. Samples 14, 16, 17, and 18 were collected on the 2nd and 3rd floors around line 3 compounding operations and dryblend loading. Samples 37, 38, and 39 were taken near the scrap line (hog) grinder, and Samples 42, 46, and 47 were taken near the scrap line compound blenders. Due to the limited number of samples taken, it is possible that other areas may, at times, be in violation of the OSHA standards. An example is the area around the line one compound blenders. Though none of the samples taken there exceeded the OSHA standards, there are times when this area can be very dusty. Other areas which could potentially exceed the standards are the manual bagger area (Samples 23, 24) and the first floor of line 3 near extruder and dryblend operations. VAB.0001050223 18 of 22 TABLE I OSHA STANDARDS Substance Allowable Exposure mg/m^ Nuisance Dust 15 Respirable Dust* 5 Lead 0.2 Barium Cadmium Antimony Titanium 0.5 d 0.2 0.5 + 15 Chromium 1 0.5 Silicon 10 Copper d Molybdenum 1 5 Tin 4 Manganese Carbon Black Bisphenol A .1 5 3.5 2.8 Remarks 8 Hr. Avg. 8 Hr. Avg. 8 Hr. Time Weighted Avg. Soluble Compounds 8 Hr. Time Weighted Avg., 0.6 Ceiling 8 Hr. Avg. i As T^02# 8 Hr. Avg. 8 Hr. Avg., Metal and insoluble Salts - 1.0 Ceiling As S1O2# 8 Hr. Avg. 8 Hr. Avg. 8 Hr. Avg., Insoluble Compounds 15 Ceiling 8 Hr. Avg. Organic Compounds Ceiling Concentration 8 Hr. Avg. Ceiling Concentration 4 * Refer to Table II. Ti 4 VAB.0001050224 IMP 19 of 22 A TABLE II RESPIRABLE DUST DETERMINATION* SAMPLING UIREMENTS Particle Size (Aerodynamic Diameter For Unit Density Sphere) 2 2.5 3.5 5.0 10 Percent Passing Selector 90 75 50 25 0 * For this report all dust less than 10 was considered 4 respirable since a suitable collection device could not be obtained for the sampling program. VAB.0001050225 1 sample NO. Sampling Location 9 Line 3, 1st Floor, Near Loading Door 10 Line 3, 1st Floor, Near Extruder 11 Line 3, 1st Floor, Dicer 12 1st ;Floor, Dryblender 13 Line 3, 2nd Floor, Near Control Room 14 Line 3, 2nd Floor, Blenders* 2nd Floor, Oryblend Line 3, 2nd Floor, Ribbon Blender* Line 3, 2nd Floor, Blen 18 3rd Floor 19 Automatic Bagger 20 Automatic Bagger Hoppers 21 Near Color Mix Room 22 Warehouse Area 23 Manual 24 Manual 25 Line I, Banbury Hopper 26 Line 2, Extruder 27 Line 2, Dicer 28 Scrap Hog (Inactive) 29 Scrap Hog (Inactive) 31 Gaylord Hopper 32 Gaylord Hopper 33 Line 1, Dicer TABLE III SUMMARY OF RESULTS Total Dust A mq/mJ Nuisance Dust Compliance Factor 1.01 0.75 5.61 5.11 2.28 13.21 8.14 14.61 20.40 17.29 0.98 0.89 0.58 2.71 7.44 4.99 1.01 1.38 1.64 1.63 0.51 4.35 0.96 0.83 0.0673 0.050 0.374 0.341 0.152 0.881 0.543 0.974 1.360 1.153 0.065 0.059 0.039 0.181 0.496 0.333 0.067 0.092 0.109 0.122 0.034 0.290 0.064 0.055 Reap. Reap. Dust Dust Compliance mg/mJ Factor 0.0235 0.0153 0.1326 0.0404 0.0922 2.90 0 481 1 150 I 830 8 840 0 03138 0 04854 0 04692 0 3476 0 251 0 1164 0.0047 0.0031 0.0265 0.0081 0.0184 0.580 0 096 0 0 366 1 768 0 0063 0 0097 0 0094 0 0695 0 0502 0 0233 0 0519 0 0424 0 0924 0 0940 0 0104 0 0085 0 0185 0 0188 0.0421 0.1058 0.0084 0.0212 Lead mg/m3 x 103 4.4 1.3 30 2.1 22.8 291.0 690 210 41 10 64 25 19 80 43 80 11 18 13 24 21 Comp 0.022 0.0065 0.150 0.0105 0.114 1.455 0 100 1 20 3 450 1 050 0 205 0 050 0 032 0 125 0 095 0 040 0 022 o 040 0 055 0 090 0 065 0.120 0.105 Nuisance Dust + Lead Comp. Factor 0 089 0 056 0 524 0 352 0 266 0.643 4 810 2 200 0 270 0 109 0 071 0 306 0 591 0 373 0 089 0 132 0 164 0 212 0 099 0.164 0.160 Overall Comp. (Dust + Lead + Others) 0 0938 0 0568 0 542 0 0 269 0.675 4.810 2.266 0.284 0.123 0.071 0.330 0.613 0.381 0.101 0.160 0.169 0.257 0.099 * 0.185 0.162 20 o f 22 T f1 mm VAB.0001050226 Table III Summary of Results Page 2 Sample No. Sampling Location Line 3, Blender Line 3, Blender Line 3, Blender * Auto. Bagger Auto. Bagger i Total Oust 3 Nuisance Dust Compliance factor Resp. Dust 3 Dust Compliance Factor 2975 03833 04099 3188 8634 0.1749 0.0745 0.0350 0.0149 mg/m3 x 103 Corap. Factor Nuisance Dust Comp. Factor Overall Comp. Factor (Dust Lead + Others) 044 083 027 064 21 o f 22 * Locations in violation of any compliance factor. Vi#?.0001050227 22 of 22 A APPENDIX * MHMHPWHI .* \ VAB.0001050228 Sample RCW-AB-93 -ioa -na -12a -13a -14a -15a -16a -17a -18a -19a -20a -21a . --22a -23a -24a -25a * TABLE 4 ABERDEEN AIR-MONITORING SAMPLES A) Sample Description 9 Location Line 3, Near Door Line 3, Near Extruder Line 3, Milling Machine Line 3, 1st Floor Near Dry Blender Line 3, 2nd Floor Near Control Room Line 3, 2nd Floor Compounding Mixers Line 3, 2nd Floor Dryblend Area Line 3, Near Ribbon Blender Line 3, Compound Mixers Line 3, 3rd Floor Near Automatic Bagger Near Hoppers for Automatic Bagger Near Color Mix Room Warehouse Area Near Manual Bagger Near Manual Bagger Line 1, Near Banbury Hopper line 2, Near Extruder Volume Filtered (cu. ft.) 8,192 7,475 8,316 7,808 9,425 8,450 7,875 7,580 8,128 8,505 \ 7,680 r 7,686 7,119 7,680 6,720 6,170 8,040 7,586 Filter Loading (g) 0.2310 0.1569 1.3080 1.1290 0.6016 3.1342 1.7954 3.1084 4.6459 4.1164 0.2106 0.1873 0.5405 0.1242 1.3977 0.8472 0.2290 0.3003 (a) Collected on 8 x 10 inch fiber glass filter (b) Collected on 4 inch diameter fiber glass filter I ^m WMP Particulate Concentration (mg/m3) 1.01 0.75 5.61 5.11 2.23 13.21 8.14 14.61 20.4 17.29 0.98 0.87 2.71 0.58 7.44 4.9 1.01 1.28 VAB.0001050229 ** Sample Description (continued) Page 2-A fri Sample RCW-AB-2 7 -28a -29 -30a -3la -32 -33 -34 -35 -36 -37a -38a -39 -40b -41* -42 -43 -44 IT 4 -45 -46a -47b Location Line 2, Near Dicer Hog Area (not running) Hose Area (not active) Line 1, Near Extruder Gaylord Hopper Gaylord Hopper Near Line 1 Line 3 Line 3 Line 3 Hog Area Hog Area (not running) Hog Area Vent Fan (Auto Bagger) Vent Fan (Auto Bagger) Scrap Compound Blender Not Submitted Not Submitted Not Submitted Scrap Line Scrap Line * (a) Collected on 3 x 10 inch fiber glass filter (b) Collected on 4 inch diameter fiber glass fi & m* ume Filtered (cu. ft.) 6,520 Filter Loading (g) 0.3019 6,112 0.3159 7,210 0.1033 Not Submitted - 7,550 0.9289 7,845 0.2139 6,170 0.1443 8,060 0.4102 9,412 0.1036 8,372 0.4104 10,312 4.0216 16,450 2.2989 35,714 26.3881 > 8,400 4 8,800 0.1372 0.1356 18,580 79*8593 Particulate Concentration (mg/m3) 1.64 1.83 0.51 4.35 0.96 0.83 1.80 0.39 1.75 13.93 4.99 44.0 0.53 0.55 153.50 10,800 9.600 h 9.7108 7.9751 32.11 29.67 VAB.0001050230 TABLE 4 ABERDEEN AIR-MONITORING SAMPLES B) Particle Size Analysis Sample RCW-AB-9a -ioa -lla Filter Loading (8) 0.2310 0.1569 1.3080 Wt. % Recovery 50.2 59.2 83.0 Wt. % >105u 3.4 17.2 * 16.7 l l to P -13a -14a -15a -16a -17a -18a -19a -20a -2? -21a -23a -24a ~ ---- 1.1290 0.6016 3.1342 1.7954 3.1084 4.6459 4.1164 0.2106 0.1873 0.5405 0.1242 1.3977 0.8472 87.5 53.7 78.5 79.8 86.3 85.8 84.4 48.9 66.8 173.1 8.5 51.4 42.4 13.8 0.6 6.3 24.0 0.5 0.3 5.8 7.8 7.2 3.7 0.0 4 49.8 47.5 (a) Collected on 8 x 10 inch fiber glass filter Wt. % <105 >44u 37.1 34.4 32.7 39.4 2.1 14.4 23.1 7.6 7.9 5.3 13.6 12.8 13.3 9.4 * 14.6 21.4 Wt. % <44 >20p 38.8 30.1 29.8 37.0 31.2 15.4 25.9 32.8 25.4 10.0 38.8 32.0 27.0 28.3 5.0 13.1 -|-n-ni^^w_nfiTTT-r r ~ i in mi Wt. X <20|i 20.7 18.3 20.8 9.8 66.1 63.9 27.0 59.1 66.4 78.9 39.8 48.0 56.0 62.3 30.6 18.0 VAB.0001050231 mm Particle Size Analysis (continued) Page 2-B Sample RCW-AB-9a -ioa -lla No. X 10-20p 5.5 9.4 7.1 -12a -13a -14a 15.1 0.4 1.2 -15a 1.8 -16a 2.9 -17a 4.6 -18a 0.1 -19a 11.1 -20a 10.3 -22 -21a -23a 7.8 11.9 12.7 -24 19.1 (a) Collected on 8 x 10 inch fiber No. % 2-10u 10.1 17.8 13.5 A 20.1 3.2 9.0 7.1 5.4 10.1 2.0 14.5 20.0 35.7 27.2 22.7 h ' 20.6 No. % 0.5~2y 84.4 72.8 79.4 64.8 96.4 89.8 91.1 91.7 85.3 97.9 74.4 69.7 56.5 60.9 64.6 63.3 VAB.0001050232 Particle Size Analysis (continued) Page 3-B Sample RCW-AB-253 Filter Loading (g) - 0.2290 * Wt. X Recove 24.4 0.3003 56.9 0.3019 57.6 0.3157 36.1 0.1033 29.0 Hot Submitted -31 -32a -33a -34a Not Submitted 0.2139 0.1443 0.4102 49.1 19.4 17.6 -35a -36* -37a 0.1036 0.4104 r 4.0216 24.1 42.6 85.1 -38a 2.2989 76.4 -39* -40b 26.3881 0.1372 95.8 24.0 -41b 0.1356 53.8 -42a 79.8593 -46a 9.7108 -47b______7.9751 97.9 74.2 Wt. X >105 Wt. X <105 >44 Wt. X <44 >20 Wt. % <20 o. 00 17.9 53.6 28.6 14. 0 20.5 20.5 45.0 10. 8 25.8 32.0 31.4 23. 7 3. 3 --. 29.0 6.7 -- 21.0 30.0 -- 26.3 i 60.0 -- ---- -- -- 10 ,5 5.7 24.8 59.0 0 ,0 10.7 35.7 S3.6 28 5.6 22.2 69.4 0 ,0 4.0 16.0 80.0 17 .1 34.3 33.7 14.9 6 .6 14.7 35.4 43.2 0 .3 8 .7 \ * 1.9 24.2 21.1 23.9 76.7 43.2 6 .1 3.0 9.1 81.8 0 .0 26.0 31.5 42.5 4 .3 10.6 12.7 72.4 -4 1 .0 7.0 11.4 80.6 5 .08________ ____ 18^6______ ____________ 25^4_______ ________ 50.8 (a) Collected on 8 x 10 inch fiber glass filter (b) Collected on 4 inch diameter fiber glass filter VAB.0001050233 Particle Size Analysis (continued) Page 4-B Sample RCW-AB-25a -26a -27a -28a -29a -30 -31 -32a -33a -34a -35a -36a -37a -38a -39b * -40b -41b -42a -46a -47b No. % 10-20y 14.9 25.3 23.7 5.3 5.7 Not Submitted Not Submitted 22.1 5.7 6.2 17.5 9.8 4.6 6.0 4. 6 3.7 4.4 1.4 3.9 m 1.3 No. Z 2-10y 19.2 35.7 32.8 19.0 39.0 27.3 27.2 29.7 37.9 28.0 44.6 26.7 < 36.9 m 33.2 31.6 39.8 40.6 15.9 (a) Collected on a 8 x 10 inch fiber glass filter (b) Collected on 4 inch disaster fiber glass filter No. % 0.5-2y 6.6 39.0 43.4 75.7 55.2 50.7 67.1 64.1 44.6 62.2 50.8 67.3 58.5 63.0 64.0 58.8 55.5 82.8 VAB.0001050234 TABLE 4 ABERDEEN AIR-MONITORING SAMPLES C) Spectrographic Analysis Analysis Date Particulate Concentration (mg/m3) RCW-AB-11 5/10/74 5.61 RCW-AB--12 5/10/74 5.11 RCW-AB-13 5/10/74 2.28 RCW-AB-14 5/10/74 13.21 Metals Content (pg/m3) Pb Ba Cd Sb Zn Ca Ti Fe Sn Si Mg Sr Cr Mo Cu Ma Mn 30 0.84 <0.27 8.9 <0.27 >270 6.7 7.8 <0.27 56 6.2 0.42 <0.27 <0.27 <0.27 2.7 0.34 2.1 0.18 <0.12 <0.12 <0.12 87 9.2 7.7 <0.12 50 2, 1 <0 12 <0 12 <0.12 <0.12 1.9 0.17 22 8 1 33 0 22 0 22 0 22 219 219 2 ,19 0.22 50 44 4 37 0 25 0.22 0.22 0.22 16.2 0.22 291 15 <1.7 22 <1.7 >1700 24 22 <1.7 440 67 2.9 <1.7 <1.7 JOU <1.7 20 <1.7 Ash Weight (g) Sample Weight (g) X Ash 0.3972 1.0523 37.7 0.1797 0.9587 18.7 0.2416 0.3357 72.0 2.3382 2.4070 97.1 Values labeled < or > are outside of the calibrated concentration range of Spectroscopy Method No. 85. VAB.0001050235 Spe ographic analysis continued) Page 2-C Analysis Date Particulate Concentration (mg/m3) RCW--AB-15 5/16/74 8.14 RCW-AB-16 5/16/74 14.61 RCW-AB-17 5/16/74 20.4 RCW-AB-18 5/16/74 17.29 Metals Content (pg/m3) Pb Ba Cd Sb Zn Ca Ti Fe Sn Si Mg Sr Cr Mo A1 Cu Na Mn Ash Weight (g) Sample Weight (g) % Ash 20 1.1 <0.35 <3.5 -- <0.35 >350 220 4.9 2.2 26 4.3 0.51 <0.35 <0.35 13 <0.35 8.1 0.90 0.4684 1.4099 33.2 540 16 <1.7 <17 <1.7 >1700 124 22 <1.7 1400 28 <1 7 <1 7 <1.7 - 1200 <1.7 9.9 <1.7 * 2.3594 2.6191 90.1 690 20 <2.4 <24 <2.4 630 130 31 <2 4 >2400 67 <2 4 <2 4 <2.4 2000 <2.4 12 <2.4 3.6678 3.9190 93.6 210 4. 2 <2.1 <21 <2.1 2100 100 62 <2.1 830 45 29 <2 1 <2.1 690 <2 1 17 3.8 3.2921 3.4989 94.1 Values labeled < or > are outside of the calibrated concentration range of Spectroscopy Method Ho. 85. VAB.0001050236 4 opectrographic Analysis (continued) Page 3-C ( RCW--AB--9 RCW-AB-10 RCW--AB--19 Analysis Date Particulate Concentration (mg/m3) Metals Content (pg/m3) 5/23/74 h 1.01 5/23/74 0.75 b 5/23/74 0.98 Pb 4.4 1.3 41 Ba 0.43 0.098 1.4 Cd 0.17 <0.020 0.76 Sb 1.0 0.44 2.1 Zn_____________________ 0.55................ . -------------- 0.020 ----------------- 0.76 Ca 42 19 >98 Ti 18 8.3 12 Fe 7.4 2.2 6.4 Sn 0.33 0.045 0.12 Si - --;---------- 45 ~^**~****----------- >20 ----------------- Mg 1.9 0.74 3.0 Sr 0.16 0.044 0.24 Cr 0.10 <0.020 0.18 Mo <0.064 <0.020 <0.098 A1------------------ ------- ------ 8.9------------------ -------------- 15 ---------~ Cu 0.094 <0.020 ' <0.098 Na 0.79 0.17 3.2 Mn 0.22 0.090 0.30 RCW-AB--20 5/23/74 0.89 10 1.5 1.0 1.1 -- 0.82 >87 14 10 0.13 -- 42 2.8 0.17 0.12 <0.087 -- 16 0.48 2.1 0.30 Ash Weight (g) 0.0539 0.0176 0.0654 0.0525 Sample Weight (g) 0.1106 0.0854 0.0839 0.0990 % Ash 48.7 20.6 77.9 53.0 Values labeled < or > are outside of the calibrated concentration range of Spectroscopy Method Mo. 85. VAB.0001050237 4 ippm m mmmj Spt--rographic Analysis (continued) Page 4-C RCW-AB-H. *1 RCW-AB-22- RCW-AB-23 RCW-AB-24 Analysis Date 5/29/74 5/29/74 5/29/74 5/29/74 Particulate Concentration (mg /ms ) 2.71 0.58 7.44 4.99 Metals Content (yg/m3) 1 Pb 25 6.4 19 8.0 Ba 1.7 0.52 0.33 0.85 Cd 1.1 0.14 0.16 0.70 Sb <3.0 <0.75 <0.25 <1.3 Zn ----------------------------- <0.30 ----------- -------------- -- 0.57----- ----- ---------------------- 0.23 -------------------------- ---- 1.0 Ca >300 3.5 >33 >130 Ti 3.0 3.9 2.5 5.5 Fe 3.8 12 5.6 11 Sn Si ---------- <0.30 0.16 <0.033 <0.13 -- 75 ----------- ---------------- 33 ------------------ --------- 55 Mg 22 5.3 2.8 7.0 Sr <0.30 <0.075 0.038 0.13 Cr <0.30 0.093 0.038 <0.13 Mo <0.30 <0.075 ' <0.033 <0.13 A1 ----------------- 27 ------------------------- -- 6 6 --------- ------------- 10 Cu <0.30 0.57 0.16 0.21 Na 4.1 13 4.1 7.5 Mn <0.30 0.64 0.28 0.36 Ash Weight (g) 0.7909 0.0065 0.0173 0.0788 Sample Weight (g) 0.9233 0.0066 0.5055 X Ash 35.7 98.5 3.4 Values labeled < or > are outside of the calibrated concentration range of Spectroscopy Method No. 0.3741 21.1 * 1 00 1 Ut j I 1 1 1 1 mm m MMMiipipmpwp VAB.0001050238 iPWWi r *i" *^ Spectrographlc Analysis (continued) Page 5-C * Analysis Date RCW-AB-25 7/25/74 RCW-AB-26 - 7/25/74 RCW-AB-27 7/25/74 RCW-AB-28 7/25/74 Particulate Concentration (mg/m3 ) 1.01 1.38 1.64 1.83 Metals Content (ug/m3) Pb Ba Cd Sb Zn Ca Ti Fe Sn Mg Sr Cr Mo A1 "---- ------- Cu Na Mn b 4.3 8.0 11 18 2.2 1.5 0.82 0.44 1.0 2.1 0.46 3.7 <0.28 <0.43 ---------- 0.36 -------- ----------- -- <0.13 ---------------- <0.46 <0.40 ------------- 0.31 64 >134 >144 64 2.0 1.5 2.6 12 2.8 1.4 3.1 2.7 0.089 ---------- 45 -------- 0.40 <0.14 <0.12 -------------18 2.2 4.3 3.1 1.7 0.15 0.33 0.26 <0.12 <0.089 <0.089 ---------- 9.6 -------- --------------- 0.17 1 <0.13 <0.13 ' <0.13 ------- ------- - <0.14 0.18 <0.14 <0.12 13 ----- --------- ----------4*4 <0.14 0.33 5.5 2.9 3.1 4.2 0.19 <0.13 <0.14 <0.12 Ash Weight (g) 0.0297 0.1043 0.1022 0.0507 Sample Weight (g) % Ash 0.0440 67.5 0.1394 74.8 0.1513 67.5 0.0978 51.3 Values labeled < or > are outside of the calibrated concentration range of Spectroscopy Method No. 85. RHP 7 T PP I VPM VAB.0001050239 Spectrographlc Analysis (continued) Page 6-C ......... - - Analysis Particulate Concentration (mg/m3) RCW--AB--29 7/25/74 0.51 * RCW-AB-32 7/25/74 0.96 * RCW-AB-33 7/25/74 0.83 RCW-AB-35 7/25/74 0.39 Metals Content (yg/m3) Pb Ba Cd Sb Zn -- Ca Ti Fe Sn Si -------------------------- Mg Sr Cr Mo A1---------------------------- Cu Na Mn Ash Weight (g) F 13 24 21 2.4 0.15 1.8 0.63 0.31 0.19 0.19 0.66 0.098 <0.15 <0.34 <0.33 <0.12 - 0.40 ---------- 0.33---------------------- --------------- 0.53 ------------------- -------- -- 0.23 >47 >106 >100 >36 1.2 2.9 4.0 1.2 0.51 2.0 15 4.3 0.051 <0.11 <0.10 <0.036 - 33 ------- i--- 65 ----- ------------ --------- >36 3.0 2.4 3.2 '2.2 0.13 <0.11 <0.10 <0.036 0.092 <0.11 <0.10 <0.036 <0.050 - 7.1 0.13 ------- -- <0.11' * 0.19 <0.10 ------------33 -------------------- --------- 1.0 <0.036 9.0 0.098 8.2 0.19 0.15 0.098 0.11 <0.11 0.26 0.086 0.0142 0.0654 0.0205 0.0079 Sample Weight (g) 0.0199 0.0772 0.0215 0.0110 % Ash 71.4 84.7 95.3 71.8 Values labeled < or > are outside of the calibrated concentration range of Spectroscopy Method No, 85. VAB.0001050240 Spectrographic Analysis (continued) Page 7-C i Analysis Date Particulate Concentration (mg/m3) RCW-AB--34 8/8/74 1.80 RCW-AB-36 8/8/74 1.75 RCW-AB-37 8/8/74 13.93 RCW-AB-38 8/8/74 4.99 Metals Content (pg/m3) Pb 25 7.4 38 175 Ba 0.83 0.21 31 12 Cd <0.17 0.13 24 7.0 Sb <0.56 <0.11 <5.6 <2.0 Zn-------------- ---------------- -- 0.72------ -------------------- <0.035 ----------------- ----------- <1.7 ------- ------------------------- <0.64 Ca >171 >35 >1670 >649 Ti 4.5 7.9 24 12 Fe 22 0.74 24 23 Sn <0.17 <0.035 <1.7 <0.65 Si-------------------------------- -- >171 -------------- --------- - 16 -------------------- ---------153 ------- ---------------------294 Mg 6.3 1.2 64 31 Sr Cr Mo A1 ------- --------- ---- -- 0.23 <0.035 <0.17 <0.035 <0.17 <0.035 52 -------------- --------- --- 10 \------------ --- 3.9 <1.7 <1.7 3 ------ -----__ --___ _ 1.7 <0.65 <0.65 250 Cu 0.76 h 0.10 2.5 0.75 Na 12 3.0 29 9.0 Mn 0.47 0.047 <1.7 1.0 Ash Weight (g) 0.0479 0.0244 3.1160 1.6798 Sample Weight (g) 0.0653 0.1618 3.2965 1.7200 % Ash 73.4 15.1 94.5 97.7 Values labeled < or > are outside of the calibrated concentration range of Spectroscopy Method No. 85. VAB.0001050241 * x * TT Spectrographic Analysis (continued) Page 8-C Analysis Date RCW-AB-39 8/8/74 RCW-AB-40 8/8/74 RCW-AB-41 8/8/74 RCW-AB-42 8/8/74 Particulate Concentration (mg/m3) 26.4 0.58 0.55 153.50 Metals Content (yg/m3) Pb 240 8.7 5.5 Ba 9.6 3.7 1.4 Cd 1.9 0.20 0.11 Sb Zn----- Ca *. v 6.6 t, . 1.9 -- 926 <0.18 ------ 3*5 >56 <0.12 1.5 >38 Ti 28.8 0.87 0.47 Fe 9.0 2.6 1.9 Sn 1.9 <0.56 <0.038 Si ------ 144 - 24 10 Mg 28.8 1.5 0.94 Sr 1.9 0.15 0.088 Cr 1.9 <0 56 0.35 Mo 1.9 <0 56 <0.038 A1----------- ------------------------- 80 ----- --------------- 10 ----------------- ----- --. 2.9 Cu 1.9 0.087 ' 0.094 Na 1.9 5.8 2.5 Mn 1.9 0.10 0.14 s. 1 s. "^.y :|l* 'i '*' V i > ' tier * ** 94 <18 599 37 46 <18 --------- ----- - 1689 <18 <18 <18 Ash Weight (g) 1.6881 0.0253 0.0449 2.1188 Sample Weight (g) X Ash 2.9982 56.3 0.0343 73.8 0.0845 53.1 m 2.2846 92.7 Values labeled < or > are outside of the calibrated concentration range of Spectroscopy Method No. 85. VAB.0001050242 Spectrographic Analysis (continued) Page 9-C Analysis Date RCW-AB-46 8/26/74 RCW-AB-47 8/26/74 Particulate Concentration (mg/m3) 32.11 29.67 Metals Content (pg/m3) Pb 116 234 Ba 13 193 Cd <3.9 <1.8 Sb <13 <5.9 * O Q7 *---* " Ca >3850 >1780 Ti 16 28 Fe 30 104 Sn <3.9 <1.8 Si------------------------------------------------ 196 ----------------- -- 1365 Mg 109 28 Sr 9.3 10 Cr <3.9 <1.8 Mo <3.9 <1.8 A1 ---- 10 ----------------- -------23 Cu <3.9\ 1.9 Na <13 193 Mn <3.9 <1.8 Ash Weight (g) 1.4777 0.0215 Sample Weight (g) 1.5646 0.0463 X Ash 94.4 ---- .. . - ------- ----- ------- ------- ---- 46.4 Values labeled < or > are outside of the calibrated concentration range of Spectroscopy Method No. 85. VAB.0001050243 RULES AND REGULATIONS i4 Tamm-1 O 1 Cnnllnu*-*! * Stlbsl I'lh'n i jon." riZ 0. I IV 1 t e 1;v#i r, r :) '1 i i in l n. .i n\ IM im7''<; 0< OO'l 25 25 KLliantMltlol, are Klhybmu*- .......... ................. EUintmbiutiuv ................... 2Ft1inyv,tlumnl*--Skin................ 2-ELhtixyrthyla:r|;tlo <CVU<* solvo nivtiUr) -- Skill----------- Ethyl orrftitr.................................. Ethyl aerylftte--Skin................... F thy! alcohol (ethnnnl)............. FUiylunine.................... ;.............Ethyl s^-amyl ketone (5- inflhyl-3-heptftnono)- ------------ Ethyl hentenc................................ Ethyl bromide.............................. Ethyl hutyl ketone (3- Ileptanone).......................... -- Ethyl chloride - -.................... -- Ethyl ether...................................... Ethyl formate................................. C Ethyl mercaptan-.---........... Ethyl silicate.................. ............... Ethylene chlorohydrin--Skin.. Fthylenetllatnlne............ ............... Ethylene dihromide, seo 1,2- Idbromoethane................. ....... EthyVnc dlchlovlde, see 1,2Olrhjnroethfme........................... C F.Miyleno plycol rl lull rate ami or Nitrogly win --Bkln* Ethylene ply col inonometliyl e|ii*T neetntc, 9'*c Methyl erllosolve acetate........................ Ethylene inline--Skin.................. Ethylene oxide............................. Ethy Udine chloride, see 1,1- 1 )ichi oroethane........................... N*Ethylmorpholine"Skln......... ferham............................................ fmoTanadlum dust.................... Fluoride (as F)............... -............. Fluorine................................... . ... . Ftoorotrichloromethane-- -- - - - Pvmfa acid................................... Furhiril--Elkin............................... FUfhtvyl alcohol............................. Ofrddol (2,3-Epaxy-l- propanol)................................. . Oncol monoethyl ether, see ' fKthftmthano]........................ Oulhlon & see Atlnphoa- methyl...... *...................... - -- item......................................... ffdaehlor--Skin.......................... (n-haptanc).................... iloroethanc--Skin............. aphtha! eno--Skin-- Item (n-hnane)........................ Mlrtanono..................................... ummrn (Methyl isobutyl ketone)-..................................... peHml acetate.......................... Hydrmlne 'Skin.......................... Iltdrom bromide....................... Hydrogen chloride.................. ydngeu cyanide--Bkln..........peroxide (W%)......... . elenlde....................... 3 ?r*> 100 400 25 1,000 10 25 100 200 50 i,non 400 100 10 100 5 10 *02 0.5 50 20 at 1,000 fi 6 60 50 500 1 600 100 100 50 a1 A 10 1 0.06 fume eeetate. ateohoL ilm... gtyddyl ether (I(IE). at 100 100 150 100 26 250 400 5 500 50 0.5 it bymtd* petroleum ai mMchuae. In......... Bride......... I, non 0.25 Methyl 25 , see Methyl 200 tpropyne).. 1,000 / hm^gwopadlene 1,000 skiti;::::::: 10 laxymethane) 1,000 (mslhsnol)___ 200 a* 10 Uftrebol, see 1 carbinol... Tahi.ii O-1--Ctinllmirtl Tarlr 0-1--Continued y. ' i'1 0 7U\ r 'o 1t 1i 1(V o IS 1 iO 1 "5 h 41 M'> i;-"o : iH\ 5 IIL 1 1 00 04 15 1 26 0.2 6,000 0 20 200 150 a* as 2,000 10 a2 1,800 410 410 200 1.3 10 7 11 1. 4 0.2 2 1 10 525 300 700 300 140 050 OHO 12 2,100 210 0.0 0.15 a5 a o2$ 1,800 16 15 t 5 100 16 din 1,050 i, R3o5n 3,100 200 12 Buhstance p.p.m.* nut./M1 Methyl (n-amyl) ketone (2* llrptannnc).................................. 100 <: Mothyl brnmldo--Skin............ 20 Methyl hutyl ketone, see 2* llrtnnotto......................................... Mofliyl celkwolve--Skin............... MHhyl ccllosolve acetate--Skin Methyl chloroform......................... Met h y hkydohxnne.............. ....... .. Mothyb'yclohexanol.................... * 25 25 360 600 100 0-Mc*h ylcyclolicxanone--Skin. . 100 MHhyl ethyl ketone (MEK), 500 2-Biitanone............................... Methyl formate.............................. 100 Methyl iodide--Skin..................... 5 Mothyl iaobutyl carbinol--Skin. 25 Methyl irobutyl ketone, see llcxonc....................................... -- Met hyl isocyanate--Skin......... . C Mot hyl mercaptan..................... Methyl methacrylate.................... 0.02 10 100 Methyl propyl ketone, see 2- poiitnuonc.............................. ......... C a Methyl styrene....................... 100 t; Meihylenn blonhenyl 1 *> '\ rmate (MDI)...................... a 02 Molybdenum: Soluble compounds..................... Insoluble compounds................. Monmncthy) aniline ~ Skin..... V Monoinethyl hydraxine-- it in.B ^ Morpholine--Skin................ ......... aa 20 Naphtha (coaltar)......................... too Naphthalene. --......................... .. Nickel carbonyl.............................. 10 aooi Nickel, metal and eoluble empds, as Nl................................. Nicotine--Skin................................ < Nitric acid....................................... 2 Nitric oxide..................................... 26 p-NItroanillne--Skin................. - 1 Nit robenseno--Skin............... 1 p-N U roch lorobentene--Skin......... Nltroclhane..................................... 100 Nltroron dioxide........................... Nitrogen trifluoride---.............. Nitroplycorin--Skin. . *.......... Nitronicthane................................ 6 10 aa 100 1-Nltropropane............................... 2-Nitropropane........................ *--- 25 25 Nitrotoluene--Skin....................... 5 Nitrotrichloromethane, tee Chloropicrln............................... - Oct oehtoronaphthalena--Skin___ Octane............................................. 600 Oil mist, mineral............................ Osmium tetroxide.......... -............... Oxalic acid............................--......... Oxygen difluoride........ *............. .. Otonc..............................................- a os ai Paraquat--Skin................................ Parauiion--8k in.................*......... Pcntftbomne.................................... a oos Pcntttfhloronaphthalene--Skin. * Pentachlorophenol--Sk in........... Pentane........................................... 1,000 2-Pen tanone.................................... Perch loromethyl mercaptan.... 300 ai Pcrchloryl fluoride. ................. Petrolcum distillates (naphtha). rhenol--Skin.................................. 3 000 6 p-Phenyiene diamine--Skin..... Phenyl etliwr (vapor).................... 1 Phenyl elhnr-nlpnenyl mixture (vapor)..-.................... I Phenylathylone, sec Styrene..... Phenyl glycidyl ether (PQE)... 10 Phenylhydraxlne-Skln............... 6 Phrjsdrin (Mevlnjihos )-- Kktn................................................. Phosgene (carbonyl chloride)... at Phosphine...................................... . a Phosphoric acid............................... J*hoaphorus (yellow)...................... Phosphorus pontachlorlde.......... Phosphorus pentastilflde.............. Phosphorus trichloride................. Phthalic anhydride....................... aa o Picric acid--Skin............................. rival (2-Pivalyl-l,3- indandlono)................................... Platinum (Soluble Salts) as Pt..................................................... Prnpargyl alcohol--Skin.............. t Propane............................ .. 1,000 n-Propyl acetate____ _________ 200 Propyl alcohol................................. n-Propyl nitrate.......... ....... ...... 200 26 Propylene dichlnrtde.................... Propylene I mine--Skin............ .. Propylene oxide............................. 7a6 100 Propyno, sec Methylacetyleno Pyrethrum........................................ Pyridine........................................... 6 Quinono............................................ al H13X--Skin...................................... 465 80 80 120 1,000 2,000 470 460 260 28 100 0.05 20 410 480 a2 6 16 0 o. 70 400 a 007 1 05 s6o 6 6 1 810 0 20 2 250 00 DO 30 0. 1 2,830 `5 0.002 1 0.1 0.2 0.5 ai i a oi 0.6 a6 2,000 700 as 13.6 2,000 10 at 7 23 at a4 0.4 1 at t i 8 13 ai ai a oos 1,800 840 500 110 350 6 240 6 16 a4 1.5 nbsianro p.p,m ing./vp Phndtuni, Metal fume and dusts, as Kh..................... .......... ......... ............ Soluble salt*....................................................... I tunnel...................................................................................................................................................................... Itotonone (commercial)............... ................. .. Bcleiibim compound* (as Be)............................. Selenium hexafluoride................ . a03 Silver, metal and soluble com pounds...................................... ....................... Sodium fluoroacetate (1080)-- Skin.............................. -.........--.... ..... Sodium hydroxide............... ....................... .. Stibine................. a1 Sioddttrd solvent.......................... 300 Strychnine........................... ....... .......... ........... fulfill dioxide................................ 6 Sulfur hexafluoride........................ 1,000 uifuric add.......................................................... MjUiiv monocldoride.................... 1 S ulfur pentafluoride............. ....... a 026 uHinyl fluoride.......................... 6 '' j'tox, see Demeton a...................................... /typ......................................................................................... r:'nlulum..................... ..... ............................. . . i' 11P- Skin..... ................................................. 'Ihivium............................................................ . fvilniinm hexafluoride___ ..... a 03 TK PIK--Skin.................................. am C Terphrnyls........ --............... t ,1,1.2-Tetiachloro-2,2-difluoro* ethane........................................... soo 1, l ,2,2-Tctrachloro-lt2'difluoroethnne........................................... BOO 1,1,2,2-Tetracblorecthane--Skin s Tetmcliloroethykne, see Percldoroethylene............................................... Tetrnchloromethane, see Carbon tetrachloride............................. -............... . Te tmchloron aph thalene--Sk In................ Tetraethyl Vend (os Pb)--Skin................. Tctrnhy drofuran.........................* 200 Tetmmettoyl lead (as Pb)-- Skin................................... .................. Tetramethyl sucdnonltrile-- Skin............................................... as Tetranitromethsne........................ 1 Tctryl (2,4.8-trlnitrophenyW methyhutramtne)--Skin.-.................. . Thallium (soluble com pounds)--Skin as TL.......... ................. Tliiram....................................................... . Tin (inorvonlc empds, except oxides........ Tin (orgftnlc emjpds). (' To(nie-2,4-dikocynala...-. a 02 o-Tolu Wine--Skin. ... Tuxnphcne, dm Chlorinated iMunpliftiA..................................................... ..... Trlbutyl phosphate....................... i. 1, l*Tilentoronthane sea Mrthyl chloroform...................... 1.1.2-TrichkMwthano--Bkln..__ Titfiniumdioxido........................... to Trlchloromethane, see Chloric form............................................... 1'richloronaphthalene--8ktn..... l ,2,3-Trichloropropana................. 1.1.2-Trlchloro 1.2,2'triflnorO' 60 ethane........... .............................. 1,000 Trlethylemlne...... ......................... 26 Trifluwomonobromomethane... 1,000 2.4.0-.Trlnitrophenol, see Plate acid................................. . 2.4.0-Trlnttrophenylmetbyl* nltramtne, see Tetryl................. m * Trinitrotoluene--Skin................. Triorf.hocrosy1 phosphate............ Trlplienyl phosphate. Turpentiiw............................... . Unmlum (soluble compounds).. 100 Uranium (Insoluble eompouAas) C Vanadium: VfOidust....... ............................. VfOifume................................... . Vinyl l>enieiM, see Styrene...... *C Vinyl rhWs'ldo........................ 600 Vlnyleyanlde, see Aaylonllrtle.. Vinyl toluene................................ 100 Warfarin................ ..................... . Xylene (xylol)...___ ... X ylldlne--8kln .... Yttrium........................... 100 I Zinc chloride ftuna...... Zinc oxide fume........ Zirconium compound! ( Zr).................. 0,1 0.001 10 aA a a4 a oi 0.05 2 as 2,960 a is 13 6,000 6 0.25 20 10 5 0.2 0.1 0.2 a oo 9 4,170 4,170 36 2` 0.076 690 0.07 3 8 1.5 ai 8 2 ai a 14 22 45 16 5 800 7,000 100 8,100 LaBi 8 60aa0o2o6 aa6i 1,300 480 at 436 36 1 1 6 6 *1070 Addition. ' * Parts of vapor at fas per million parte of contend* noted air by volume at 28* C. and 700 mm. II, preesure; * Approximate mllll^ama of particulate per cubic meter of air. (No footnote "c" Is used to avoid confusion with celling value notations.) * An atmospheric concentration of not more than 0.02 p.p.nr., or personal protection may be necessary to avoid headache. * As sampled by method that does not collect vapor. i For control of general room air, biologic monitoring Is essential for personnel control. FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 37, NO. 202--WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1978 VAB.0001050244 22140 RULES AND REGULATIONS A G-l, G-2, or 0-3 fo:* il*" mnl.crial involved. (ii) To ill astro to the formula pre scribed in subdivision (ii of this subpara graph, note that i.'oamyl oretute has an 8-hour time weighted avrrnRS limit of 100 p.p.m. (table 0-1). Assume that an employee is subject to (ho following exposure: Two hours exposure at ISO p.|U". Two hours exposure at 75 p.p.m. Four hours exposure at 50 p.p.m. Substituting this information in the formula, we have 2X150+ 2 X 75 1-4X50 ---------------------------------_ - si f!5 p.p.m. 8 Since 81.25 p.p.m. is less than 100 p.p.m., the 8-hour time weighted average limit, the exposure is acceptable. (2) (i) In case of a mixture of air con taminants an employer shall compute the equivalent exposure as follows: c, c, c. Eat-- ---- +--+ . . . ---- * L| L, Lt Where: E Is the equivalent exposure for the mixture. C Is the concentration of a particular con taminant. L Is the exposure limit for that contami nant, from table G-l, G-2, or G-3. The value of E,, shall not exceed unity <1>. (11) To illustrate the formula pre scribed in subdivision (i) of this subparagraph. consider the following exposures: Material Actual con* ccntratlon of 8-hour exposure 8-hoar time waeviegrhatgeed exposure limit Acetone {Table 0-1)........... 500p.p.m... 1*000p.p.m* 2-Butnnonc (Table 0-1)... 45 p.p.m___ 200 p.p.m. Toluene *f Table 0-2)............ 40 p.p.m_____ 200 p.p.m. Substituting In the formula, we have: 600 45 40 Em -- ----.J------- +- -- 1,000 200 200 Em =0.500 + 0.225 + 0.200 Em --0.925 Since E,, is less than unity (1), the expo sure combination is within acceptable limits. (e) To achieve compliance with para graph (a) through (d) of this section, administrative or engineering controls must first be determined and imple mented whenever feasible. When such controls are not feasible to achieve full compliance, protective equipment or any other protective measures shall be used to keep the exposure of employees to air contaminants within the limits pre scribed in this section. Any equipment and/or technical measures used for this purpose must be approved for each par ticular use by a competent Industrial hygienist or other technically qualified persor)!. Whenever respirators are used, their'use shall comply with 5 1910.134. Tahi.b G-l Substance p.p.m.* mg./M* * Acetaldehyde Acetic acid... Acetic anhydride........................... Acetone.......................................... Acetonitrile...................................... Aoetylene dichlorlde, *ee 1, 3Dkhloroethy lene........................ Acetylene toirabromide............... Acrolein............................................ Acrylamide- Skin......................... A cryIon 11rile--8k In....................... Aldrtn--Skin................................... A ttyI alcohol--Skin........................ Ally! chloride................................. C Allylglycldyl ether (AGE). Ally! propyl disulfide................... 2-AmtnocthanoU see Ethanol* amine..................................... --- 2-Amtnopyrtdlne...................... Ammonia..................................... Ammonium suIfamate (Ani mate) ............................................. n-Amyl acetate............................... soc-Amyl acetate............................ Aniline--Skin......................... ---* A nisi dine (o, p-iaomers)--Skin.. Antimony and compounds (as Sb)........................................... ANT IT (alpha naphthyl thiourea)..................v......... . Arsenic and compounds (at As). Arsine................................................ Axlnphos-methy 1--Skin.............. Barium (soluble compounds)... p-Bentoqulnone, see Quinone.. Benioyl peroxide........................... Bensyl chloride.............................. Biphenyl, see Diphenyl............ Stephenol A, see Dlglycldyl ether............................................... Boron oxide..................................... C Boron tri fluoride....................... Bromine.......................... -............... Bromoform--Skin.......................... Butadiene (1, 3-butadlene) . .... Butanethlol, see Butyl mer captan...................... -................... 2-Butanone...................................... 2-Thitoiy ethanol (Butyl Cel- losolve)--Skin......................... -Butyl acetate (n-butyl acetate)* see-Butyl acetate........................... tert-Butyl acetate.......................... Butyl alcohol.................................. soo-Batyl alcohol........................... tert-Butyl alcohol...................... .. C Butylamlne--Bkln.................... C tert-Butyl chromate (as CrO*)~Skin n-Butyl glycldyl ether (BOB). Butyl mercaptan p-tert-Butyltoluene Calcium arsenate. Calcium oxide................................ Camphor..................................... Carbary! (Serin )....................... Carbon black.................................. Carbon dioxide............................. . Carbon monoxide___........... C hlordane--Skin........................... Chlorinated cam phene--Skin.. . Chlorinated diphenyl oxide..... Chlorine....................................... .. Chlorine dioxide........................... C Chlorine triftuoride.. ............. C C h loroocetaldehyde................. rt-Ch loroacetophenone (phenacylchloride)..................... Chlorobenxene (monochloro- bensene)....................................... 0-Chloro henryl|dene malononitrile (OCBM).......... C h lorobromomethane................. 2-Chloro-l,3-butadlene, see Ch loroprone................................. Chlorodlphenyl (42 percent Chlorine)--8k|n......................... Chlorodlphenyl (54 percent' Chlorine)--Skin......................... 1-CI))oro,2f&*poxypropane, see Eplchlorhydrln........................... 2-Cnloroethanol* see Ethylene chlorohydrln................................ Chloroethylene, see Vinyl chloride........................................ C Chloroform (trichloro* mrthane)...................................... l-Chloro-l-nttropropane._______ Chloro pior In........................ ........... Chloroprene (2-ch loro-1,8- batad lene)--Skin................. 200 560 160 25 20 40 70 "i........ ........ 14* at 0.2S as 20 45 ass 26 1 10 45 2 12 as 50 100 125 6 a 06 *2 35 15 625 950 19 0.5 0.6 aaa2ss 0.2 as 56 t a0.s1 1*000 15 3a6 7 2,200 50 150 200 200 100 1105500 10 10 5*000 50 i ai Al l AOS 76 AOS no 340 710 950 950 900 450 300 15 0.1 270 35 906I 30,6 9*000 55 0.S 0.6 AS 3 A3 0.4 3 a3 050 0.4 1,080 1 as 5Da0 i 240 10a0 7 90 Tab mi G-l--Contlnnnl Substance p.p.m. Chromium, sol. chromic* chromnu* salts as Cr............. , Metal and Insol. salts................ Cool tor pitch volatiles (ben- sene soluble fraction) anthra cene. BaP, phenanthrene, acridine, chrysene* pyrene.... Cobalt* metal fume and dust... Copper fume................................... Dusts and Mbl*......................... Cotton dust (raw)......................... Crag herbicide............................ Cresol (aU bomera)--Skin...... Crotonaldehyde............................. Cumene--Skin.................. *........... Cyanide (as CN)--Bkhu*.......... Cyclohexane.. ............................... Cyclohexanol................................... Cyclohexanone...................... ........ Cycloheicne......... ........ ................ Cyclopentad lene.......................... 300 50 W 300 75 2, 4-D................................................. DDT--8 kin..-------- ----....... DDVP* see Dlchlorvoe.......... . Pecabonme--Skin... -.................. a os Demeton--Skin.......................... Diacetone alcohol (4-hydroxy* 4-methy1-2~pen tanone).............. 50 1,2-dlamlnoethane* E thylenedlamlne.. Diaxomethiine........... Diborane..................... aasi D ibutyIphthalate-- C o- Dicnlorobonxene p-Dtchlorobeniene.. 60 76 Dichlorodlfluoromethone............. 1,000 1 >DIch1oro-6,6-dlmethy1 hydantoln...................................... .......... l*l-Dichloroethane--.................. 100 1 ,2-Dichloroethy lene..................... 200 C Dlchloroethyl ether--Skin. .. 15 Dlchloromethene. see Mothylenechloride.................................. Dlchloromonofluoromethane. - - I* 000 C IJ-Dichlororl-nltroethone----- 10 1 >jDichloropfenone, s Propylenedlcnlorlde Diehlorotetrafiuoroethane.......... 1,000 Dichlorvoa (DDVP)--Skin..................... Dlridrin--Bkln.................................... Diethylamlne.......... .......... .......... Dlethylemlno ethanol--Skin... 28 10 Dlethybther* see Ethyl ether......... Dinuorodthromomethane............ 100 C Diglyddyl ether (DUE)......... AS Dlhydroxybensene* see Hydroquinone ................-......... Dlteobutyl ketone.............. ------ 50 Dltoopropylamlne--Skin........... . 6 Dlmcthoxymethane* see Mcthylai............................................ Dimethyl acetamide--Bkln........ D lmethylnmine............................. Dimethy laminobensene, see 10 10 Xylidene.......................................--DimethylanlUne(N-dimethyl- anllln*)--Skin............................. Dtmethylbenxcne, see Xylene......... Dimethyl lP2-dibromo-3*3-dl- chloroethyl phosphate* l (Dlbrom)........................................... Plmethy Iformamide--Skin . .. 10 2,6Dtmethy)heptanone, see Dlbobutyl ketone........................... 1.1-Dimethylhydraslne--Skln-- as Dlmethytpntholate........................... Dimethylautfete--Skin................ Dinltrobensene (all burners)-- Skin..................................................... Dlnitro-o-creaol--Bkln........................ Din I trotduene-- Skin..................... *. Dtoxane (Dlethylene dioxide)-- Skin............................................... 100 Diphenyl......................................... as Dlphcnylmethane dlbocyanate (see Methylene bbphenyl bocyanate (MDQ............... .--- Dipropylone glycol methyl ether--Skin............. *............... .. 100 Dt-soc, octyl phthalate (DI-2ethylhexyIphthalate)...................... Endrln--Skin....................................... Eplchlorhydrln--Skin.................. KPN--Skin........................................... 1.2-Epoxypropane, see Propy leneoxlde..............-.............-- 2*3-Epoxy-l-propanol* oee Glycidol............................................. Aha4m amA a# 4aht* mg./-1 o. i oo0. Ii 1 i 15 220 246 1*0606 2W 1,02200!*051 10 1 0,: O' 210 0 0. 1 ft 450 4,050 a. 400 79W0 4(2oo 60 7,000 1 a? 75 BO sm 2J 2110 20 35 lb 25 3 30 1 5 fi 1 0 L 360 1 900 6 110). 0. FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 37, NO. 202--WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER It, 1971 * VAB.0001050245 22142 RULES AND REGULATIONS .Table (1-2 Mulrrhl ftI mm tlniA wcluhtrd average Acceptable colling concentration Acceptable maximum peak above the acceptable colling concantTA* lion for An 6-hour shift* -- 1 1 ConceitUa tkm M n ilm urn duration , _+ * HM ' * `^ -**** -- Benzene (737.4 - I1M!!*>.................................... 10 p.p.m.............. 26 p.p.m.................60 p.p.m................. 10 minute*. Beryllium mid heiyUlitin poiipBMind,i 2rt./M>.............. 6n7M.................. 26g./M`.............. 10 minutes. (737.29-1971)). Cadmium fume (Z3i\6-1970)...................... 0.1 nipTM*........... 3mg./M>.................................................. Cadmium dtist (737.5-107(0........................... 0.2 mg./M1........... 0.6mg./M1................. ........................... Carbon disulfide (ZKT.IHtHW) . ,,........ ........ 20 p.p.m...............30 p.p.m.................100 p.p.m*............. Do. Carbon tefrnclilorlilo (Z37.I7-I9G7)-,-------- 10 p.p.m...............26 p.p.m................. 200 p.p.m.......... 6 minutes in any 4 hours; Ethylono dtbromlde (737.31-1970)-*........... 20 p.p.m............... SO p.p.m................ 60 p.p.m................. 6 minutes. Ethylono dlchlorfde (5537.21--IWC*> --......... 50 p.p.m............. 100 p.p.m................ 200 p.p.m........... 6 minutes In any 8 hours: Formaldehyde (737.16-1967)--............ ........... 3p.p.m--(p.pjn...;..... 10p.p.m........ 30 minutes. Hydrogen fluoride (Z37.2S-T9G9).............................. do------------- ---------------................................................. Fluoride as dust (Z37.28^1%!>) - ...... ........... . 2.6 inf./M(........ ....................................................................... Lead and its Inorganic compoundr (ZM7.U- 0.2 mg./M1-............. ................-........................ ....... ......... 1069). Methyl chloride (Z37.18-190'>).. - -...... ........ 100 p.p.m........... 200 p.p.tn.............. 300 p.p.m............. 6 minutes In any 3 hours, Methylene Chloride (737.3-1969)____ 600p.p.m......... 1,000p.p.m............. 2,000 p.p.m........... 6 minutes in any 2 hours. Organo (alkvl) mercury '737.30-rvZt).......... 0.01 mg./M1-- 0.04 mg./M *............ -.............--............... Styrene (737.15-1900)......................................... 100 p.p.m*-*. 200p.p.m................... 600 p.p.m............. 6 minutes In any 3 hours. TricMoroothyleno (737.10-1007).......... ................ do......................do*....................* 300p.p.m....... 5 minutes In any 2 hours. Tetraehloroethylcno (737,22-1007) --....................do......................do 6 minutes In any 3 hours. Toluene (737.13-1967)- ..................................... 200 p.pjn......... 300 p.p,m................. 600 p.p.m............ 10 minutes, Hydrogen sulfide (737.2-1906)...................................................... 20 p.p.m..................60p.pan............. 10 minutes race only If no other measur able exposure occurs. Mercury (737.3-1971)........................................................................ 1 mg./10M Chromic acid and chromates (237.7-1971)......................................... do Table 0-3--Mixkaal dusts Substonco Mppcf llg/M* Silica: Cryst nil I ne: Quart* (rospimble).............. .. Qnnrtz (total dust)............. 21101 %SiO*+6 lOmc/M* m %8IOi+2 aOmg/M* CrlMnhalltn: TTw *5 the value calculated from tho count or mass fonniilao for quartz. Tridymito: ITse J J the value eatenhiteil from tho for mulae for quart z. Amorphous, Including natural dlatonmcoous earth............ %B|Oi4-2 20 SOing/M' %sio, Silicates (less than 1% cry** talltnc silica): Mini. **......................... ....... Bocq intone............................... Talc(HoiwLslnydos form). Tab* (lihruus). Use nsbestos limit _____ ____ _ TremnHte (sc, talc, fibrous) Portland cement---------------- * Oral'hih* (natural).................... Coal du<d (respirable fraction less ihmi 6% HiCM.................... For more than 5% SiO*___ __ 20 20 20" 60 16 2.4mc/M3 or lOmg/M3 Inert or Nuisance Dust: Respirable fraction........ ....... Total dust................................ %StO4-2 IS 60 I6mg/Mj Note: Conversion factors-- mppcfX35.3m1Ufon particles per cubic meter -- particles jkt c.c. Millions or imrtlrli 4 per cubic foot of nlr, hosed on impltiger samples counted by 1lght>fteld technics, (The percentage of crystalline stlira in the formula is the amount determined from air-borne samples, ex cept In ihose instances in which other methods have been shown to be applicable. I As determined bv the membrane filter method at 430Xphnsc contrast magnification. Both concentration and ]>ercent qinrtz for the appli cation of this limit are to be determined from the fraction passing a slzc-selector wllh the following characteristics: * Containing < 1% quartz; if > 1% quartz, uso quart z limit; r Aenxlynumlo diameter (unit density sphere) Peroent passing selector 2 2.5 3. b 6.0 10 90 76 60 M 0 The moasiiromi'iits under this note refer to the aw of on ABC Inslrummit. If the respirable fraction of cool dost It determined with a MRR the llipire oorreMMitdinf to that of 2.4 Ms/M* In the table tor cow dost U 4.1 M|/MC $ 1910.93a A abe*to*. (a) Definitions. For the purpose of this section. (1) "Asbestos" Includes chrysotile, amosite, crocldollte, tremolite, anthophyllite, and actinolite. (2) "Asbestos fibers" means asbestos fibers longer than fi micrometers. (b) Permissible exposure to airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers--(1) Standard effective July 7, 1972. The 8-hour time-weighted average airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers to which any employee may be exposed shall not exceed five fibers, longer than 5 micrometers,'per cubic centimeter of air, as, determined by the method pre scribed in paragraph (e) of this section. (2) Standard effective July 1, 1976. The 8-hour time-weighted average air borne concentrations of asbestos fibers to which any employee may be exposed shall not exceed two fibers, longer than S micrometers, per cubic centimeter of air, as determined by the method pre scribed in paragraph (e) of this section. (3) Ceiling concentration. No em ployee shall be exposed at any time to airborne cencentratlons of asbestos fibers in excess of 10 fibers, longer than 5 micrometers, per cubic centimeter of air. as determined by the method pre scribed In paragraph (e) of this section. <c> Methods of compliance-- < l Oinecriny methods. <i) Hntthiecrim trol*. Engineering control:;, Midi : not limited to, isolation, cnclosn i haust ventilation, and dust colli shall be used to meet the exposure prescribed in paragraph (b) of section. (ii) Local exhaust ventilation. Local exhaust ventilation and dust lection systems shall be designed. < structed. Installed, and maintainor accordance with the American Nati< Standard Fundamentals Governing Design and Operation of Local Exh. Systems, ANSI Z9.2-1971, which is corporated by reference herein. (b) See S 1910.6 concerning the ability of ANSI Z9.2-1971, and maintenance of a historic file In con tion therewith. The address of the An lean National Standards Institute given in S 1910.100. (iii) Particular tools. Alt hand erated and power-operated tools w' may produce or release asbestos fit In excess of the exposure limits i scribed in paragraph (b> of this see: such as, but not limited to, saws, scoi abrasive wheels, and drills, shall be i vided with local exhaust ventilation terns in accordance with subdivision of this subparagraph. (2) Work practices--(I) Wet meth Insofar as practicable, asbestos shat handled, mixed, applied, removed, scored, or otherwise worked in a state sufficient to prevent the emis of airborne fibers in excess of the posure limits prescribed in paragi (b) of this section, unless the useful) of the product would be diminis thereby. (11) Particular products and o/x tions. No asbestos cement, mortar, cr ing, grout, plaster, or similar mat r containing asbestos shall be remo from bags, cartons, or other contnii In which they are shipped, without hr either wetted, or enclosed, or ventilx so as to prevent effectively the release airborne asbestos fibers lp excess of limits prescribed in paragraph <b> this section. (iii) Spraying, demolition, or rcm<> Employees engaged in the spraying asbestos, the removal, or demolition pipes, structures, or equipment cov< or Insulated with asbestos, and in removal or demolition of asbestos 1 sulatlon or coverings shall be provi. with respiratory equipment in aceo: ance with paragraph (d) (2) (iii) of t' section and with special clothing in: cordance with paragraph (d) (3) of fc section. (d) Personal protective equipment . (1) Compliance with the exposure 11m prescribed by paragraph (b) of this r tion may not be achieved by the use respirators or shift rotation of e> ployees, except: (1) During the time period necessa to install the engineering controls b to institute the work practices requlr< by paragraph (c) of this section; (11) In work situations in which f methods prescribed in paragraph (cl . FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 37, NO. 202--WEDNESDAY, OCTORER It, 1972 i* t *1 f * -*S. t 9 * A* 4 VAB.0001050246 P9