Document zoZXXRradyOy5EKk7bQ87qDn3
American Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers Guide, 1931
Pressure
1 lb. per square inch 1 oz. per square inch
144 lb. per square foot.
(2.0416 in. mercury at 62 deg. fahr. 2.309 ft. water at 62 deg. fahr. 27.71 in. water at 62 deg. fahr.
1 atmosphere (14.7 lb. per square inch)
_ / 0.1276 in. mercury at 62 deg. fahr. \ 1.732 in. water at 62 deg. fahr.
2,116.3 lb. per square foot.
1 in. water at 62 deg. fahr. 1 ft: water at 62 deg. fahr.
133.947 ft. water at 62 deg. fahr. 30 in. mercury at 62 deg. fahr. 29.92 in. mercury at 32 deg. fahr.
_ f 0.03609 lb. or 0.5774 oz. per square inch.
1 in. mercury at 62 deg. fahr.
\ 5.196 lb. per square foot. _ / 0.433 lb. per square inch.
Absolute Temperature
\ 62.355 lb. per square foot. 0.491 lb. or 7.86 oz. per square inch..
Physicists employ what is kno=wn1a.1s32thfte: waabtseor lautte62sdceagle. foahf rt.emperature,
based on the so-called absolute zer1o3.o58f itne.mwpaeterraatut r6e2,daegt. wfahhirc. h point no
molecular vibration exists. This zero is conceived as 491.6 deg. fahr. below
the melting point of ice, or 32 deg. fahr., it having been-discovered that an
ideal perfect gas would change in volume by
of its volume at 32 deg.
for each 1 deg. change in its temperature at constant pressure. Thus, if 491.6 cu. ft. of gas measured at 32 deg. fahr. is cooled 20 deg. fahr., at constant pressure the new volume will be 471.6 cu. ft.
It is only necessary to add (491.6 -- 32) or 459.6 to the actual ther mometer reading to get the absolute temperature, that is, T -- t + 459.6, where T = absolute temperature, and t = actual thermometer reading on the Fahrenheit scale. For engineering work 460 deg. is used rather
; than 459.6 deg. For the Centigrade scale the relation is T = t + 273.1.
RELATION BETWEEN VELOCITY, ACCELERATION, TIME AND SPACE PASSED OVER
When the accelerating force is uniform the acceleration will be uniform. The velocity at the end of t seconds, if the body starts from rest, will be
v = at; whence o = -y , and t = --
(1)
The space passed over at the end of t seconds is equal to the product of the mean velocity and the time, or L = Yi vt, or L = Yi at2.
The force of 1 lb. when applied to a mass whose weight is 32.17 lb. will produce an acceleration of 1 ft. per second per second when the mass is moving against no resistance (frictionless motion). A force of / pounds acting on a mass of 1 lb. will produce an acceleration of / X 32.17 ft. , per second per second.
The relation between force, mass, and acceleration is given by the equation / = Ma = -W---a- . Substituting the value of a in terms of v:
WV
gt 14
(2)
Chapter 2--Physical Units and Tables
Table 1. Properties of Saturated Steam3
Absoluts Pressubs. ` Lb. pkb
So. I-
Tem
Volume,
perature, Cu. Ft.
Deg. Fahb.' per Lb.
Weight, Lb. peb Cu. Ft.
Heat Content in B.t.u:
Latent Heat in B.t.u.
Entbopt
of Vapor- In- 8 of of Vapor- of liquid Vapor | ization ternal U liquid ization Vapor
P
1
14.7 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 100 102 104 106
1n0o8
112 114 116 118
t flfg
101.76 333.3
126.10 173.6
141.49 118.7
152.99 90.6
162.25 73.5
170.07 62.0
176.85 53.7
182.87 47.35
188.28 42.41
193.21 38.43
197.75 35.16
201.96 32.41
205.88 30.07
209.56 28.06
212.0
26.81
216.3
24.76
222.4
22.18
228.0
20.10
233.1
18.38
237.8
16.95
242.2
15.73
246.4
14.67
250.3
13.76
254.0
12.95
257.6
12.24
260.9
11.60
264.2
11.03
267.2
10.51
270.2
10.04
273.0
9.61
275.8
9.22
278.4
8.86
281.0
8.53
283.5
8.22
285.9
7.93
288.2
7.67
290.5
7.42
292.7
7.18
294.9
6.97
296.9
6.76
299.0
6.57
301.0
6.39
302.9
6.22
304.8
6.05
306.7
5.90
308.5
5.75
310.3
5.61
312.0
5.48
313.7
5.35
315.4
5.23
317.1
5.12
318.7
5.01
320.3
4.905
321.8
4.805
323.3
4.709
324.8
4.617
326.3 - 4.528
327.8
4.442
329.2
4.359
330.7
4.279
332.0
4.202
333.4
4.128
334.8
4.057
336.1
3.988
337.4
3;921
338.7
3.857
340.0
3.795
11 ht *>fg
^g | /ifg
U | S{
0.00300 | 69.76 1105.4 i 1035.6 973.9 | 0.1327
O.OOS76 1H 94.02 0.00843 1 109.38 0.01104 9 120.9 0.01360 | 130.1 0.01614 I 137.9 0.01864 I 144.7
1116.2 1122.9
1127.9 1131.7
1135.0 1137.8
1022.2 1013.5 1007.0 1001.6 997.1
993.1
957.9 H 0.1750 947.6 R 0.2009 939.9 U 0.2199 933.6 R 0.2348 928.2 | 0.2473 923.6 B 0.2581
0.02112 H 150.8 0.02358 1 156.2 0.02602 | 161.1 0.02844 R 16S.7
1140.3 1142.5 1144.4
1146.2
989.5
986.3 983.3 980.5
919.4 | 0.2675 915.6 R 0.2759 912.2 9 0.2835
909.0 R 0.2905
0.03086 | 169.9 1147.9 978.0 906.0 | 0.2969
0.03326 R 173.8 1149.4 0.03564 1 177.5 1150.8
975.6 973.3
903.2 I 0.3028 900.6 0.3083
0.03730 R 180.0 0.04038 U 184.3 0.04508 fl 190.5 0.04976 B 196.0
1151.7 1153.4
1155.7 1157.7
971.7 969.1 965.2 961.7
898.8 895.8 891.4 887.3
0.3120 0.3184
0.3274
0.3356
0.0544 | 201.2 0.0590 1 206.0 0.0636 H 210.4
1159.6
1161.3 1162.8
958.4
955.3 952.4
883.6 0.3430
880.1 0.3499 .876.8 | 0.3563
0.0681 II 214.6 1164.3
949.7
873.7 0.3622
0.0727 R 218.6 1165.7
947.1
870.7 0.3679
0.0772 [ 222.4 0.0818 B 225.9
1166.9 1168.1
944.6 942.2
867.9 0.3731 865.2 0.3781
0.0862
0.0907 0.0951 0.0996
R 229.4
R 232.6
U 235.8 I 238.8
1169.2
1170.3 1171.3 1172.2
939.9
937.7 935.5 933.5
862.7 860.2 857.8
855.5
0.3829 0.3874
0.3917 0.3958
0.1040 0.1085
0.1129 0.1173
B 241.7
B 244.5 | 247.2 1 249.8
1173.2 1174.0 1174.8 1175.6
931.5 929.6
927.7 925.9
853.3 851.2 849.1
847.1
0.3998 0.4036 0.4072
0.4108
0.1217 H 252.3 0.1261 | 254.7
1176.4 1177.1
924.1 922.4
845.1 0.4142 843.2 0.4174
0.1304 N 257.1 0.1348 B 259.5
1177.8 1178.5
920.7 919.0
841.4 0.4206 839.5 0.4237
0.1392 1 261.7 1179.1
917.4
837.8 0.4267
0.1435 | 263.9 0.1479 H 266.1 0.1522 | 268.2
1179.7
1180.3 1180.9
915.8
914.3 912.7
836.0 0.4296 834.3 0.4324
832.7 1 0.4352
0.1566 R 270.2 1181.5 0.1609 1 272.2 1182.0
911.2 . 831.1 0.4379 909.8 829.5 1 0.440S
0.1652 R 274.2 0.1695
1182.5 1183.0
908.3 906.9
827.9 0.4431 826.4 0.4456
0.1738 R 278.0 1183.5 0.1781 U 279.8 1184.0 0.1824 H 281.6 1184.4
905.5 904.2
902.8
824.9 0.4480 823.4 0.4504
821.9 0.4527
0.1868 | 283.4 1184.9
901.5
820.5 0.4550
0.1910 | 285.1 0.1953 | 286.8 0.1996 | 288.5
1185.3 1185.7
1186.1
900.2
898.9 897.7
819.1 0.4572 817.7 0.4594
816.3 0.4615
0.2039 1 290.1 0.2081 J 291.7 0.2124 | 293.3
1186.5 896.4 1186.9 . 895.2 '
1187.3 894.0
815.0 0.4636 813.7 0.4657 812.4 0.4677
0.2166 | 294.8 1187.7
892.8
811.1 0.4697
0.2209 | 296.4 0.2251 R 297.9 0.2294 U 299.4
1188.0 1188.4
1188.7
891.6 890.5 889.3
809.8 0.4717
808.6 0.4736 807.4 0.4755
0.2337 R 300.9 0.2380 U '302.3
0.2422 R 303.7
1189.0 1189.4 1189.7
888.2
887.1 885.9
806.1 0.4773 804.9 0.4791
803.8 0.4809
0.2465 I 305.1 1190.0 884.8 802.6 0.4827
0.2508 | 306.5 1190.3 0.2550 fl 307.9 1190.6
883.7 882.7
801.4 0.4844 800.3 0.4861
0.2593 R 309.2 1190.8 881.6 799.2 0.4878
0.2635 | 310.6 1191.1
880.6
798.0 0.4895
Sfg ^g
1.8448 1.9775 1.7452 1.9203 1.6862 1.8871 1.6438 1.8637 1.6107 1.84S6 1.5835 1.8308 1.5603 1.8184 1.5402 1.8077 1.5223 1.7982 1.5062 1.7897 1.4916 1.7821 1.4783 1.7752 1.4659 1.7687 1.4545 1.7628 1.4469 1.7589 1.4337 1.7521 1.4153 1.7427 1.3987 1.7343 1.3837 1.7267 1.3698 1.7197 1.3570 1.7133 1.3452 1.7074 1.3340 1.7019 1.3236 1.6967 1.3137 1.6918 1.3044 1.6873 1.2956 1.6830 1.2871 1.6788 1.2791 1.6749 1.2714 1.6712 1.2640 1.6676 1.2570 1.6642 1.2501 1.6609 1.2436 1.6577 1.2373 1.6547 1.2311 1.6517 1.2252 1.6489 1.2195 1.6462 1.2139 1.6435 1.2085 1.6409 1.2032 1.6384 1.1981 1.6360 1.1931 1.6336
1.1883 1.6313 1.1835 1.6291 1.1789 1.6269 1.1744 1.6248 1.1700 1.6227 1.1657 1.6207 1.1615 1.6187 1.1574 1.6168 1.1534 1.6149 1.1495 1.6131 1.1456 1.6113 1.1419 1.6096 1.1381 1.6079 1.1345 1.6062 1.1309 1.6045 1;1274 1.6028 1.1239 1.6012 1.1205 1.5996 1.1172 1:5981 1.1138 1.5965 1.1106 1.5950 1.1074 1.5935 1.1043 1.5921 1.1012 1.5907
This table is abstracted from Properties of Sieam and Ammonia by Prof. G. A. Goodenough.
15