Document zo5vy13xKpOvLvZoRNMEVm3VR

FILE NAME: Ford (FD) DATE: 1975 July 18 DOC#: FD195 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Industrial Relations Bulletin - Industrial Hygiene Asbestos INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS BULLETIN p*re Bulletin title 1 "" 6/22/83 Industrial Hygiene SUJSCT . Asbestos ...... RESPONSIBLEQ6>r t ULLfl! Employee Health Services j 1 S* ; 7/18/75 Asbestos is a. generic tena that describee a variety of naturally occurring fibrous incombustible silicate minarais. Although tremendously valuable to industry, these minerals have been closely linked to asbesteals, a degenerative lung-scarring disease, and to lung cancer. The Occupational Safety end Health Administration (OSEA), thereft has regulated employee exposure to asbestos since shortly after the agency'b inceptioi OSSA has defined asbestos, established standards for its use, and set permissible exp< sure limits. .The initial airborne asbestos fiber limits have been revised downward.' Hegelations under the 0S8A asbestos standard are covered in 2? CIS 1910.1001. Asbestc exposure in Ontario is regulated under the Occupational Health and Safety Act (Bevisee Statutes of Ontario, 1980, Chapter 321> August 1982)* Exposure limits presently diffe under the two regulations; however, industrial hygiene work practices to control dust and fiber in air are tie sane. Six fibrous minerals, members of a family called silicates, ere recognised as asbestoi chrysotile (white asbestos), actinolita, amosite (brown asbestos), anthophyllite, crocidolite (blue asbestos)'and treaolita. Commercially, chrysotile is the most iarpeu tant form- of asbestos, accounting for apptroxinately 95 of the asbestos used in North America. Some talc contains various amounts of asbestos. Asbestos has about 30Q0 different uses, with approximately two-thirds being used in ti construction industry in building products, insulation, friction materials, and textil Manufactured products have included reinforced asbestos cement sheets and pipes, patcl and taping compounds, floor and ceiling tiles as well as paints, coatings and sealant: containing asbestos as reinforcing fillers, pipe linings and fillers for various liqu: friction products include clutch facings and brake linings for automobiles and trucks, railroad ears, airplanes, and industrial nachinery. A variety of other uses are knowr including theater curtains, fire blankets and other thermal protection, filtration materials and, until recently, dry wall patch compounds and imitation fireplace ashea, Cnee incorporated into manufactured items, hazards resulting from asbestos are less probable, as long as the substance is not disrupted. However, the fibers are nearly indestructible, and a potential health risk arises whenever asbestos fibers are set free, resulting in airborne asbestoe dost. Health Hazards ~ Asbestos exposure can. causa asbeatois, cancer of the lungs and digestive tract, end mesothelioma. Asbestasis is a diffuse fihrotic lung disease caused by exposure to high, coneentratica of asbestos dust and fiber, usually after several years of exposure. The onset of asbeatosis appears to depend an dust and fiber concentration, fiber shapes, type of asbestos, and length of exposure. Usually, the disease becomes evident 20 or mors ye after the first exposure to asbestos. Once established, however, a highly disabling pneumoconiosis can progress even after exposure has ceased. ^DEPOSITION e) & EXHIBIT 9 IH PfiCrtt- 5 Bronchogenic carcinosa (lung canear) and mesothelioma of the pleura and peritoneum (cancer of membranous lining of the chest and abdominal cavities) are also associated with asbestos exposure. Excesses of canear of the larynx, stomach, colon, and rectum have also been observed. Some forma of asbestos appear fax more hazardous than other: As with aebestosis, there can be a long latent period, generally more than 25 years ft BSsohheliomtL. The zaeebaniso of action is'Uot currently teiown. Asbestos is different from most chemical carcinogens became pA is not metabolized. Thus even limited expo sures to high levels leads to continuing presence of inhaled asbestos perticles or - over - CfiNl 0SS2 B ullat i t Ko. 4 - 2 - 8/22/63 fibers within the luag. These can translocate to the abdominal cavity end to o - w -issues. The prognosis for asbestosis and asbestos-induced cancer is generally'poo- Risks of disease due to asbestos exposure have not been defined clearly for all ocou- pational groups know* to have significant exposure. Firm epidemiological data are available only for heavily exposed workers employed in asbestos mining, manufacturing and insulation handling. However, there is evidence that the problem is more w i S S L n than previously believed and that workers from a variety of trades and occupations/ including painters, electricians, oarpenters, machinists, boiler makers, pinefitters mecnamca, welders, and others, may he at increased risk. The iasue of risk of disease *rom asbestos exposure is further complicated in that smokers who have had asbestos exposure clearly have markedly increased risk of developing lung disease related to asbestos. ' Asbestos exposures within Fori Motor Company may occur from; . Insulated pipe covering for parts washers and cleaners, -steam and hot water lines. . Insulated coverings for boilers and associated parts an powerhouses. Drying oven and furnace insulation. Asbestos blocks, bricks, sheets, and sleeves. . Clutch and brake linings for various machinery and transportation equipment (power presses, conveyor belts, hi-los, locomotives, tow tractors, tnicks, automobiles). . High temperature gasket materials for manifolds, pipes. . High temperature blankets, loves. * . Asbestos-containing parting compounds, certain talcs. Filtration jdia. Employee Exposure Since we do not manufacture asbestos materials, exposures are primarily limited to those who work with asbestos-containing.products. However, these exposures are no less significant Employee exposure en generally occur during *1 handi and maintenance of asbestos-containing friction materials. Exposure can occur during grinding, sawing, sanding, drilling, or otherwise disturbing or finishing asbeatos- ccutaining products. Demolition, removal, end repair af asbestos'coverings end coatings offer other sources of worker exposure. Insulation removal or repair and brake and dutch servicing can be especially hasardout. Permissible Occupational Exnnmrrti inwita (EEL) -- Breathing Zone Concentrations Eight-hour time-weighted average exposure: 2 fibers longer than 5 micrometers per cubic centimeter or air- (2 f/ee >5 pa). Ceiling concentration: 10 f/cc >5 pa. . Ontario TWAE EEL for amosite, orocidoliie, and other forms .of asbestos are 0.5, 0.2, and 1.0 f/ee >5jffl&, respectively. The Ontario ceiling JEL for amosite, crocidolite, and other forms are 25, 1.0, and 5*0 f/ec >5 jsa, respectively. " Methods of Compliance . Engineering controls, such as isolation., enclosure, local exhaust ventilation, and dust collection are required and should be used to meet the FEL. . Compliance with the FEE may not be achieved by sole use of respirators or shift rotation except under special conditions approved by industrial Hygiene. . All band and power operated tools, which may produce or release asbestos fibers in excess Df the EEL, must be provided with local exhaust ventilation. . Insofar as practicable or unless the usefulness of the product would be diminished, asbestos must be' handled, mixed, applied, removed, cut, scored, or otherwise worked in a wet state. Vet methods of control are very effective in suppressing airborne asbestos fiber and dust in pipe swd furnace insulation repair and demolition S v ile tin No. k - 3 - 8/23/83 . Employees who nay be exposed to asbestos should be trained in safe work practice and informed of the provisions ia the OSSA asbestos standard and in bulleti .. Every employee engaged in the spraying, demolition, or removal of asbestoscontaining material shall be provided appropriate respiratory protection and special clothing (wvBralls, hood osd foot coverings, gloves)* approved respiratory protection, suitable for the concentration of asbestoB expected, is to be provided. A respiratory protection program is mandatory for certain operations. . Double lockers and special laundering procedures for asbestos-contaminated dothi are required. . Special change rooms are required for exposures exceeding the PEL. Mrmit.nr-inpr | Initial and periodic monitoring are required. Sampling frequency ghH not exceed every six months for employees hose exposure to asbestos nay oe foreseen to exceed the FSLs for the TWAEror ceiling concentrations. Msdical Bxeurinations , ^replacement, annual, and tersanatioa-of-employment medical examinations are require for fiiployees uho axe exposed to, or were in excess of, 0.1 f/co seven to eight-hour tan-freighted average exposure. Medical examinations should &s a ft medical history to elicit symptomatology of respiratory disease, chest X-ray, and pulmonary function tests* Exposure and medical records or any personal, environmental, and/or medical aonitori must be maintained for at least 20 years. Affected employees, their designated representatives, and QSHA and NIOSE representatives, upon request, would have access to these records. Any employes found to have been exposed to concentrations in excess of permissible exposure limits hall be notified of thj is writing within five days of the The employee shall also be timely notified of corrective action being taken. Signs and labels Caution eigne fthall be provided and displayed in areas where airborne .asbestos conce trations may be in excess of the EEL. Signs shall be posted at such a distance to permit an individual to taka the necessary protective measures before entering the contaminated area. Houbb keening Surfaces should be kept free of accumulations of asbestos if, with their dispersion, there would be excessive airborne concentrations. Additionally, asbestos vast, scrap, debris, clothing, and/or other items contaminated with asbestos should be handled, collected, end disposed in sealed labeled impermeable bags. Asbestos- _ contending waste must net be incinerated or discharged into community water supplies Specific information regarding waste disposal should be obtained from the Stationary Source Environmental Control Office (SSECO). Employee Training .. , , . .. .. . Employee Health Services has developed a slide end cassette tope presentation uh-Ch summarizes pertinent infoimtim relative to asbestos a, handling, c" ^ work practices, and monitoring of exposures. This presentation is designed to a s~ plants in their employee training efforts.' - over - NI BBS3 vsvrsTBsT,/"^T'iHVW3 B u lletin No. 4 - 4- 8/22/63 Information and Indstria! Hygiene Senrices ^ther ^oiMtion regardiag the OSHA asbestos standard may be obtained from industrial Hygiene Serricgs, 33-78955. Assistance can be provided regarding employee exposure monitoring and analysis, appropriate respirators, approved vacuum sweepers, engineering controls, and other elements of the OSHA asbestos exposure s^arci jt is recommended that materials suspected of containing "*5" * to ti Industrial Hygiene Laboratory for analysis prifr to any handling that could generate airborne fiber and dust. A check lilt to ' help identify products containing asbestos is available fresa Plant Engineering Office, Manufacturing Staff (Manufacturing Practice No. 303, Daoember 1981, ^ employee Exposure to Asbestos Containing Non-Production Materials). Manufacturers of washers and industrial vacuums equipped with high efficiency filters and approved far asbestos dust control include: . Pori "Bothnia" Brake Vacuum (34-0009) . Pord "Botunda"-Brake Parts Vasher (65-0016) . "Tornado ToxVac* . Breuar Electric Ifennfacturing Company 7401 Vest Lawrence Avenue Chicago, Illinois 60656 . (312) 867-5100 . "Hako Kiaizteman" Sake Minuteman . - 111 South Boute.53 Addiacci, Illinois 60101 (312) 627-6900 . . . "Nilfisk" Nilfisk of America, Incorporated 201 King Muor Brive King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406 (215) 277-3900 . Other vacuums would be acceptable provided they meet filtration efficiency specified in the OSHA asbestos standard. BDnnrrj-rnb v b u b in d u str ia l r e la t io n s b u lletin _r_un_rrWrr M s 1 ' a a trfri -a***.*- Aaheatoa Brake and Clutch Servicing (S^plemant to. Bulletin No. J MRONSIBLS DEPT- ---------------- -------------- , ^loyfee Health Services "SiJSSBBs ----~ sswsra ?3 ssf~ g ia iK u,M* i. An arearshould he designated for all . a ---------- - * awateamoe area for t^tractoraiik^S.ji ?*** Pairs. The noraal deS^ aifd-4Ts4 fQr tbfiae plant vehicles 3^ S J irUcka-COuld serv* * the port. dura* tart, ad cliS *" * TM < W 1 be a i-Mi an asbestos exposure wamin* ai,- ASBBSTOS . Dust Hazard - j. , AToid Breathing Bust Do ,,+ ft1-?'AaifQd -Protective Eoujnnient . Brea.th*in*g AAssboeessttoose DDuusstt &May*Cause Aajbe1a*tosai*siQainrdflCaIntcer 2 during brake anTclSS^'serSiag! pr9flnt " ^ iTM ed;iate amintenance area. 3. rejOaaaaljie pSt S u S S SltS( Enforcement and Safety Aderinistrst be worn during all HJn2le"Use or with Indai*riAl ^Nfiene and mning *"?**? ^ a r ^ H I O s C a S i during removal and cleaning of dutch fflM^TSu+I8,P^ 8ior 8ha11 t worn . and during installation oflm w S S S '. S S 5 ! " 4 " ~ t. ' If. 2i S Jj with a high efficiency filter pUtM' ^ <5P* I*?""1clsaJ3sr equipped After vacuum cleaning, nr ^ f0r.*3yn3n dwaater aerosols water and w r u ^ S ? ? JSi **P- 06 rtnaovd 8 * ** soaked in or dry K. ,,,* rir^,T?.'!:..^ gr n0 ?^rePttgtaao^8 ftoanresaed air fLl^SS^cSm^Sa^a?} aygxene bulletin No. 4 audriueting operations, an approved respirator, as described in H+All-2iWi?1* 5riadin2 (arcing) machines shall he provided with 1 f ! ihS StA1 i ^ i s ffuct that exposures are maintained below the OSHA asbestos standard (29 OB. 1910.1001). At a minimum, dust hag of the arcing machine shall be moved and replaced with hose of high efficiency industrial . vacuum described in (h) above. 6. During removal of vacuum bags, an approved respirator, as described in (3) above, ahall be worn. Industrial vacuum cleaner bags containing asbestos dust, ginth used for wiping brake and clutch assemblies, and other asbestos-contaminated isteria shall be sealed in plastic bags and labeled with following warning label printed in letters of sufficient sise and contrast to be readily visible and legible*. CAUTION - Contains Asbestos Fibers Avoid Breathing Dost Breathing Asbestos Dust l&y Cause Asbestosie and Cancer - over - CANI OSSA B u lle t i n No. k& - a- 6/22/83 6. (continued) All asbestos waste must be disposed in accordance with OSHA. asbestos reeultinn sections of^Subpart B-national Emission Standard^S^Stos Title ^-Protection of the Environment; Chapter 1, Environmental Protect!TM Aganey. Asbestos-oontaimng waste must not be incinerated or discharged into SP"C5iiC Sardine waste dispoLl tike. be obtained from the Stationary Source Environmental Control Office (SSECD). ^ ia nreaa where brakes and clutches are repaired aWn^-M bs aone with the high efficiency industrial vacuum cleaner as described in (h) above Grinding (arcang)mchinefl shall also be cleaned with this vacuum cleaner and any ' remaining dust wi^ed with a damp cloth. An approved respirator, as described in (3> above, shall be used during this cleaning. 8. Although adherence to^above procedure should minimise contamination. of work clothing, it is reconoanded that the appropriate portions of naw regulations on asbestos concerning special clothing, change rooms, etc. be followed. duFont "Tyvek" disposable coveralls ere acceptable for these asbestos-product maintenance operations . 9. Industrial hygiene work practices in this bulletin and the OSSA asbestos exposure standard should be provided to all employees with potential exposure to asbestos at brake and clutch servicing and reviewed with their designated representatives: WlnFwwinnnw ponrmcHOBYVOl