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FILE NAME: National Lead (NATL) DATE: 1937-1976 DOC#: NATL075 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Nat'l Lead Membership in IHF *V Part V of PROCEEDINGS NINTH ANNUAL MEETING OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATION OF AMERICA, INC. NOVEMBER 15-16, 1944 "1 J FOREWORD Industrial health demands the best talents of the industrial physician, the industrial hygienist -- chemist and engineer -- and their associates. But this is not enough. Industrial health demands the attention of top management, and increasingly so as the need of manpower maintenance is felt throughout every department of an industrial organization. The Ninth Annual Meeting of Industrial Hygiene Foundation recognizes this development. Transactions of the Management Section of the program are presented here as the fifth and final part of the annual meeting proceedings. April, 1945. J o h n f . McMa h o n , M anaging D irector. MEMBERS OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATION Abingdon S an itary M anufacturing Co. Abrasive Company A brasive Division, U. S. R ubber Company A brasive Grain A ssociation A brasive Products Company Allegheny Ludlum Steel Corporation Allegheny P ittsb u rg h Coal Company A llis-Chalm ers M anufacturing Corp. The Allison Com pany Alum inum Com pany of A m erica A m erican A brasive Company Am erican A ir F ilter Company, Inc. A m erican B rake Shoe Com pany A m erican Cyanam ld Company Am erican E m ery W heel W orks Am erican Iron & Steel In stitu te A m erican Mining Congress Am erican Optical Com pany Am erican R adiator & Standard Sanitary Corporation Am erican R efractories In stitu te Am erican Sm elting & Refining Company A m erican Zinc In stitu te A m erican Zinc, D ead & S m elting Com pany Anaconda Copper M ining Company A ss'n of C a su a lty & S u re ty E x ecu tiv es* Automobile M anufacturers A ssociation Ball B rothers Com pany Bartlett-Collins Company Bay State A brasive Products Company Bethlehem Steel Company, Inc. B ird & Son, Inc. Bridgeport Safety E m ery W heel Company B unker Hill & Sullivan M ining & Concentrating Company The Carborundum Company C entral Silica Com pany Chicago Wheel & M anufacturing Company Clim ax Molybdenum Company R obert F. Coleman, Inc. T he Colorado M ining Association Consolidated M ining & Sm elting Company of Canada, L td. Cooper-Bessemer Corporation C orhart Refractories Company Com ing Glass W orks C ortland Grinding W heels Corporation Davison Chemical Corporation Deckers Creek Sand Company D enver F ire Clay Com pany A. P . D eSanno & Son, Inc. D etroit-S tar Grinding W heel Company Diakel Corporation Diam ond Alkali Com pany Doak A ircraft Company, Inc. Domore Chair Company, Inc. Dow Chemical Company B. F. Drakenfeld Com pany D ravo Corporation E agle-Plcher Lead Company Ebasco Services, Inc. E lectro R efractories & Alloys Corporation E ljer Company E thyl Corporation E ureka Flint & Spar Company, Inc. , Ex;olon C om pany The F alk Corporation Firestone Tire & R ubber Com pany F irth Sterling Steel Company The Flintkote Com pany Foote M ineral Com pany F o u n d ry S upply M a n u fa c tu re rs A ss'n Frazier-Sim plex, Inc. Fuller M errlam Company Galvin M anufacturing Corporation Garco Products, Inc. Gardner M achine Company Generp.1 A b ra siv e C om pany, Inc. General G rinding Wheels Corporation General M otors Corporation General Refractories Company Glass C ontainer Association Glenshaw Glass Company, Inc. A. P. Green F ire Brick Company G rinding W h eel M a n u fa c tu re rs A ss'n The H all China Company ' H am ilton E m ery & Corundum Company Ham pden Grinding W heel Company Hawley Products Company H azel-A tlas Glass Company Hecla M ining Company Hercules Pow der Company John W. H igm an Company O. Hom m el Company x M aurlcio H ochschild S. A. M. I. Industrial Silica Corporation Industrial T ape Corporation International Business M achines Corp. International Nickel Company, Inc. Jack & H eintz, Inc. Jackson Mills E m ery Company Jam ison Coal & Coke Com pany Johns-M anvllle Corporation Jones & L aughlln Steel Corporation K eystone E m e ry Mills Kimble Glass Company The K irk & Blum M anufacturing Com pany Koppers Company Hom er L aughlln China Com pany Lava Crucible Company of P ittsburgh E. J. Lavlno & Company Lead Industries Association M ackintosh-Hem phill Company Macklln Com pany Magma Copper Company M aryland Self-Insurers' Association M etropolitan Life Insurance Company Mexico R efractories Com pany M id-W est A brasive Company Mine S afety Appliances Com pany M onsanto Chemical Company M utual Chemical Company of A m erica J. S. M cCormick Company National Association of M utual Casualty C om panies* N ational C rushed Stone A ssociation, Inc. National G rinding W heel Company N ational Industrial Sand Association N ational Lead Company N ational Sand & Gravel Association N ational Slag Association The Neville Company New Jersey Zinc Company N orth Am erican Refractories Company Norton Company Norton Pike Company O ntario M ining Association Oriental E m ery Company O ttaw a Silica Company Owens-Cornlng Flberglas Corporation Owens-Illinois Glass Company P eninsular G rinding W heel .Company Penn-RIllton Company Pennsylvania Glass Sand Corporation Phelps Dodge Corporation Pittsburgh Coal Company P ittsburgh P late Glass Com pany P laskon Division, L lbby-O w ens-Ford Co. Portland Cem ent Association Powers X -R ay Products, Inc. Precision Grinding Wheel Company, Inc. The Pullm an Company P ullm an-S tandard Car M anufacturing Co. Pyrene M anufacturing Company * M ultiple Membership MEMBERS OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATIC R aybestos-M anhattan, Inc. Republic Steel C orporation R ialto M ining Corporation H . H . Robertson Com pany , Safety F irst Supply Com pany S afety G rinding W heel & M achine Co. Claude B. Schneible Com pany Joseph E. Seagram & Sons, Inc. Shenango Furnace Company Slmonds W orden W hite Com pany South W est Box Com pany St. Joseph Lead Com pany Standard A brasive W heel Com pany S tandard Lim e & Stone C om pany Sterling G rinding W heel Com pany The Sun Rubber Company Texas Gulf Sulphur Com pany T itan Abrasives Com pany Toledo E dison Com pany Toledo Scale Com pany Trenton P otteries Company T ri-S tate Zinc & L ead Ore Producers A ssociation v Union Carbide & Carbon Corporation United Engineering & Foundry Com pany United S tates P o tters Association vUnited S tates Sm elting R efining S Company United S tates Steel C orporation ol U niversal S anitary M anufacturing U tah Copper Com pany U tilities R esearch Commission* Valley Mould & Iron C orporation Van Cleef Bros. Vanadium C orporation of A m erica Vesuvius Crucible Com pany V itrified W heel C om pany W altham Grinding W heel Compan W ashington M ills A brasive Compa W edron Silica C om pany , W est Company W est V irginia M anufacturers' A ssociation W estern P recipitation Corporation W estfield G rinding W heel Compan; W estinghouse A ir B rake Com pany W estinghouse E le c tric & M fg. Com W hitehead B rothers Company W illson P roducts, Inc. W isconsin A brasive Com pany W olf's N ew P ro cess A b rasiv e W he Y oungstow n Sheet & T ube Compan SPECIAL SUBSCRIBERS UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT Armed Forces Air Service Com m and, Fairfield, Ohio Army Industrial Hygiene L aboratory Arm y M edical L ibrary Industrial Safety Division, H untsville Arsenal M edical Supply Officer, F o rt M ason B ureau of Medicine & Surgery, Navy D epartm ent) N avy Yard, C harleston, S. C. Shore E stab lish m en ts DIv., N avy Debt. O ther Federal Agencies Office of W a r In fo rm atio n L ib ra rie s: Bombay Johannesburg, M elbourne Sydney London W ellington Tennessee Valley A uthority U. S. Civil S ervice C om m ission U. S. P ublic H ealth Service* STATE DEPARTMENTS OF HEALTH C a lifo rn ia C o n n e ctic u t G eo rg ia Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas M aryland M ichigan M issouri M ontana New Jersey Ohio O klahom a Tennessee U tah Verm ont V irginia W ashington W est V irginia W isconsin O ther S tate Agencies New York D epartm ent of Labor New York State Insurance Fund New York State L ibrary Ohio In d u strial Com m ission Pennsylvania D epartm ent of Labor & Industry CITY DEPA RTM EN TS O F H EA LTH Baltim ore D etroit St. Louis N ew ark S P E C IA L IS T S Dr. E lston L. B elknap Dr. Charles Kem m Good Dr. J. W . G. H an n o n Dr. E. R. H ayhurst Dr. N. P. H enderson Mr. J. H . Holden Dr. H edw ig S. K u h n Dr. R. T. Johnstone D r. C. O. S a p p ln g to n INSTITUTIO NS A N D OTHE O R G A N IZ A T IO N S Am erican Association of Industrial Physicians and Surgeons H arvard Business School Johns H opkins U niversity U niversity of C alifornia U niversity of Chicago L ib raries U niversity of Colorado U niversity of Texas H ealth Institute of the UAW -CIO M edical A dm inistration S ervice New School for Social R esearch Southern C alifornia S ta te D ental As FOREIGN COUNTRIES D epartm ent of N ational H ealth & W elfare, O ttaw a, C anada D epartm ent of H ealth & Public Wei W innipeg, Canada In tern atio n al L ab o r Office, M ontreal M inistre S ant & B. E . S ocial Hyg., Quebec, Canada B ritish M inistry of Supply M ission M edical R esearch Council, London University of Sydney, A ustralia N etherland G overnm ent Com m lssior Scientific D ocum entation The G overnm ent M ining E ngineer, Johannesburg, South A frica A m algam ated A nthracite Collieries, Amm anford, South W ales * M ultiple M em bership t M ultiple Subscription N L INDUSTRIES P . O.- B o x 4 2 0 H ightstow n, N . J. 08520 Joined: 1 /3 7 R esigned: 12/76 JoEtn R o p e r , D ir e c t o r C o r p o r a te S a fe ty D e p t. NEVILLE CHEMICAL CO. PITTSBURGH. PA . 15225 JOINED: 10/2 8/41 RESIGNED: 1 / 1 5 / 6 0 LEE V. DAULER NEW JER SEY ZINC CO. 160 FRONT ST. , NEW YORK, NY JOINED: ? RESIGNED: 7 / 2 5 / 5 7 T.H. MUELLER, ASST, to PRES. Members of Air Hygiene Foundation, as of Nor. 30,19371 5 Abingdon Sanitary Manufacturing Company Geneses Feldspar Company Abrasive Company Abraalra Minim It Manufacturing Crept*? Abusive Products Company Allegheny Steel Company Alnnlnun Company of Antrw* Amirlean Abraslto Company American Air W it Company American Urate Shoo and Foundry Coiapanj Gladding. Mcllcan Company Glass Container Association Glcnahau Olaas Company Goldlng-Keeno Company Goulds Pumps, Inc. Granite City Bteel Company VA. P. Green Fire Brick Compeny Grinding Wheel Manufacturer Association Amir lean Emery Wheel Wort* American Laundry Machinery Company American Minins Congress Gypsu Association The Hall Company Hamilton Emery k Corundum Company American rotaah k Cbemlcal Company llgmpden Grbidlng Wheel Compeny VAAimerican Refractories Institute American Smelting k leaning Company American line Imtltsto American Zinc, Lead k Bmcltlra Company Anaconda Copp Minim Company Asbestos Fibre Bplnnlm Comptny Assn, of Casualty and 8urely Executive Allipulgus Clay Company Automobile Mtoufacluren Aasemtatlnn Vnarhlnn-Walk lletroelorlei Compeny Harrisburg B(l Company Heck kilning Company Hercules Mining Company John W. Klgmon Company Hie m il * Grlffllh Compeny lilaho-Moryltnd Mines Corporsllsn Illinois Clay Products Company Industrial Silica Cwperallon Frank Bancroft Company Barre Cranllt Aasoctatlon Uartlell-Colllno Company C. 0. Bartlett k Sttorr Company Bay Slats Abraslrs ProdueU Cnmpony Rlret Areber Company Bird k Son Black Products Company Blav-Knoa -Company Bridgeport Safety Emery Wheel Comenu Brockvray Class Company. Inc. Buck Glam Company Buckeye Products Company Bunker Bill It Bulllran' Minim k Con centrating Company The Carborundum Company Central Pa. Coal Producer AatoeltUon Central Silica Company Chicago Wheel k Manufacturing Cbmpiny Climax Molybdenum Company i' Bolt k Radiator Mira. Intnotlon*l Nickel Company Jamison Coal and Cokt Company Jnhns-Mamlllo Corpwatlon Keasbry k Maltlaon Company 'i KeysIona Emery Mllli Kimble Glass Company Kdtrln M. Knoarl China Company Laclede-Chrlrty City ProdueU Comntru Horn Leughlln Chin* Company Lorn Crucible Company of Pittsburgh B. 1. Latino k Company Lead Induatrla Asaoclatlon Llbbey-Oucna-Ford Glass Company Los Angela Chamber of Couworet Mecklln Compeny Magma Copper Company Mellileaoo Alkali Works, Inc. May China Company J. & McCormick Company Consolidated Feldspar Corporation Copptrweld Bteel Company Metals Bellolng Company Mexico Rofraetortes Company s'Oorhart Refractories Compony Corning Glasg Work Michigan Alkali Company Mid-West Abraslra Comptny Cortland Crlndlng Wheels Corporation Deckers Creek Band Company D on Fire Clay Company A. P. deSanno k Son, Inc. Mint Safety Appllanca Comptny Mississippi Glass Company Monsanto Chemical Company Mutual Chemical Company Detroit-Star Grinding Wheel Comptny Diamond Alkali Company B. F. Drakenfeld Company Draro Corporation E. I. duPonl deNemoun 6 Company Emit Plchn Lead Company Ethyl Gasollna Corporation National Crushed Stone Aseoeletlon National Feldspar Asaoclatlon National Grinding Wheel Company National Industrial Sand Association =* National Load Company " New Castla Rcfr*clla Company North Amlcan Refrsetorla Compony Eureka Flint k Bp Company Erolon Company Feldspar Milling Company Findlay Clay Prodoeti Company Firth Btnllng Steel Compeny VFIInikote Company Foundry 8upply Manufacturer AaaoelatlM North Corollna Feldspar Corpwatlon Notion Company R. Olurmay Company Uliana Silica Comptny ntnran-Iltlnol* Glint Company I'enlnsular Crlndlng Whael Company I'cnn-RIIIton Company Foote Mineral Comptny FennaylranU Glaai Band Corporation Gtlkt Corporation Otncrtl Abrulre Company Court! American TraneporUllon Compony Chari E. Pctllnoa Phelps Dodge Corporation Pittsburgh Clay Pot Co. Grneul Grinding Wheels Corporation Pittsburgh Cool Comptny Oentral Refraelorl Company Pittsburgh Plato Olus Cooptn? 64 Sniet Sand Company JRefractories Company aindlm Wheel Co., Inc. Company "'Manhattan Company Mining Company Robertson Company Crlndlnc Wheel ft Machine Co. R. fichntlblo Company d Kcld*p*r Company Pottery Company Furoaeo Company Wordon White Company f m k t- Engineering Company m m iFaelng ft Supply Company P w * Company Ferro Alloy* Company ii Lead Company Abrasive Wheel Company o Sanltarjr Manufacturing Co. Crlndlng Wheel Company W t . Stevens, Ine. Fir* Brick Company --.Flake flraphlte Company Tmdor, Smith k Taylor Company nylor Rone Company Abrasives Company Potteries. Ine. ITl-SUIo line k Lead Ore Producer! Association Minion Carbide Company United Feldspar Corporation United States flraphlte Company United Slates Potters Association United States Smelt In*. Henning k Mining Co. United Slates Bteel Corporation Universal Knnlfarjr Manufacturing Company Valley Mould k Iron Company Vitreous China Plumltlng Fixtures Association Vitrified Wheel Company Waltham Grinding Wheel Company Washington Mills Emery Manufacturing Company Wcilron flfllca Company Well-McUIn Company West Company Western Electrle Company Westfield Grinding Wheel Company West Inglmuse Air Brake Company Wcslfnglmuso Electric k Manufacturing Company Whitehead H.-others Company Willson Products, Inc. Wisconsin Abraslro Company Wolfs New Process Abrasive Wheel, Inc. E. J. WoodIson Company Worth Bteel Company Vounplown Sheet k Tul Company 65 t J . ll DiClUUCIB 1 970 A n n u a l R e p o r t s Dale J ci ncd C o m ci'v 1 937 i 976 1936 1 966 1936 1969 1 96 7 1971 1936 1.444 1957 1937 1 965 1944 1967 J 976 1936 1 90 9 J 976 1976 1976 1 976 1%6 1970 1974 1970 1 944 195 6 1953 1971 196* 1974 195 1574 1972 1 97. 19-. 197 3 1972 1976 1976 3 9*4 J 9f.2 1 76 1 97 3 1 976 1 9'.7 9 * 1936 1 vt.f, 1 l'i~i i i 971 i 'fr* 1 976 A b rasiv e G ra in A* ut in u o n Allegheny County Sanitary A uthority Allegheny Ludlum inoua.rie*. Inc. Allied C hem ical Corp. A lu m in u m C om p n v oi A m e r ic a A lum inum C om pany oi C anada, Ltd A m erican Can Co. A m e r i c a n F o u n d r verier '* S o c i e t y A m erican Insurance A>ocltion A m erican Iron anc Steel iuatitute AMAX, Inc. A m ertcar. Mining C rag re* * A m erica n M utual ir.turar.CT A lliance A. 0 - S a i e l y P r o o u c ! (D iv . oi A m erican Optic; Corp. ) A m erican Petroleum note A m erican Reataurar.i China C ouncil, Inc. ASARCO In c o rp o r : cd A m e r ir J L r , T e x t i l e >'!:- I n u t i t u t e , I n c . A m e r i c a n W e l d i n g <> M a n u f a c t u r i n g C o . Am erican. Wood F r r a e r v e r a ln ititu te A m erich rm Inc. A naconda C o ., Win U C a b le D iv. A iiC O /P i-h -m m , Inc. Argonaut laaurance Co. BASF W i. r.dotte C orp. The Bahrcoo Co. B r u i h V' c .u n a n , Inc. CPC International, inc. Car. M an ufacturer ir.:i:ute, Inc. C tm enlec C arbide P ro d u cer! A aociation C. r T ta i r . - 7 e d S t- Gcc*ir) r i l l a t i o n L*orp. C h ry iler Corp. CiO i-G iig y a G Colt lnci_*:rie* Inc- C olum bia Oet Syatem. S erv ice C orp. C o m m e rc ia l Shearinp, Inc. Companhia Stderurgi. a N ational C v n * o l i c a i e i E d i t o r Co* o* I 'crfc I ^ c C onao licatec N a tu ral Ca* S erv ice Co. Conaolioation C oal C c -, Inc. D'Appolorua Conaulting E ngineer, Inc. De.Soio, Inc. Diamond Sham rock Corp. Dir Corp. ....... _ . ; D ow C h r , ! . . i U - S A. Dow Ccrr:r\$ C o rp . =* D r a a e n i e i C D i v i s i o n , H e r c u . e * . L-.c. Dravo Corp E . J. du P e r ,: d e N e r r . t u r i . C o ; r-v*c<ik Co* M i n e r a l * t C.r.e.imr s is D i v t * io n , Engeir.arc M tr.es.. t Cr.rm .cal* C o rp Epic Met-. C o rp . F c u i t a o i . L . : e A u f . r . c * S o c i e t y o f U S- Exxon Corp. Eex Group Dale J oi ned C ..;,v 1973 1 976 1974 1976 1936 1970 1947 Falcon J'oundn Co. F o r : P it! Sit-el C i :. r.g P c . i o n . C 1 a C.ci. F r . n k l i n Glue C c. F o u n c r. Supply W a r u ia tlu r e n f ,n Gen.-ra.' C ig a r Ct. , Inc. G en:; E lectric Co. 1951 1 942 1974 1954 G e n e r ! M ill*, 1.;. Genera.' Motor* Corp. G enera.' R e lra ctu n e * Co. G eorgia Kaolin Co- 1937 1950 Grinding W het! inm ute Gui: Gj. Corp. 1976 J 936 H a l t o'- i n t e r n a t i o n a l , I n c . H a 1i C o i r,e. C o. 1976 H art; o W a xer 9. fra c to ru s 1972 1976 1 973 1937 Hcir.n C .S . A. (Div. t,i H. J. H ein z Co. ) Hill Gt iffith Co. Howei; Industrial Clim e H unting:or Alloy, ir.c. 1975 J n o u * i r i a i u a * k e : {, s h i m C o - , I r e - 1973 Inger*ol,* Rand Co. 1947 Iiiianc S:el Co. 1947 IBM Cc.ro. 1970 1974 I n t e r n a t i o n a l D e a c E i n c R e i e t i c h C" . I n t e r r,i i ; cr.a 1 7 e e . h r . t a i I n i o r r r .a ti u r . I n s t . 1936 Johor - w ,.rvili Core. 1939 195 5 Jone* a Laughhr. Steel Corp. K i v n r i beryicc ir.cuetrie, Jnr. 1974 K opt-G --* , lr.c. 1942 K opoeri Co., Inc. 1970 Laciecs. S.ee.l Co. 1962 Lagov-n. S-A. 1968 Horn,: _ighlsr Cnir.* Co. 19*4 Lenox C 'y tta i, Inc- 1937 J . S. MC C o r n u c r C o . 1976 ... K i a r t ; . o r Oil --o 1966 M a m ::,. Mining Co. 1970 1937 1965 1974 1936 i 974 1975 J 936 937 1 9*4 M a r i c r : H e a l t h . S a f e t y , I n c M etropolitan Life .t-ran.-e < o M ile* L a o c ra to rie a . Inc- M illikt' Erick C c. ... M i n t S c : r* y A p p l ; r.c e a c ,o. M o b a i C"*e" . i c a ; Co- Mor.cr ?i I r c r . c 1 . 6 1 C< Motor \ ;v M If N L ---------------------Nat iera 157 3 a' ; 972 I 963 3 537 1 937 1 1972 P. ' -7 5 Pit 1 =70 Pnt 1938 Pori M uJtipi e R c m b f t i f .i t it' I H T M e m b e r s ( c o n t i n u e d ) 1-*r Date Joined 1970 197 1976 1968 1976 I 937 1976 J972 1976 1973 1937 1956 1956 1971 1976 1974 1972 1974 1956 1975 J 962 1976 1965 Com pas v Potter Industries, Inc. PulimAE.- SiA H U rd RAD Service, Inc. R a y b rito * . M anhattan, Inc. The R efraclories Institute H- H- R o b e r ts o n C o . SCM Corp. Safety T ire t In d u strie s , lr.c. Schering-Plough C orp. The Sager Glove C orp. St. Joe M ini ra il C orp. Sauer rise r Cem ent* Co. 5eatli> Service* D iv ., The Boeing Co. Selec -~n-Tellurium D evelopm ent Aasn. , Inc. Senec roduett, Inc. S harot Steel Corp. S h e l l CXi C o Shenang c Inc. Soap and D etergent A*ociatton T he St* nda rd Oil Co. Stauffer C hem ical Co. Stellite Division, Cabot C orp. S tu r m , H u g e r it C o . , In c . Date Joined C cnoany 1969 1966 1976 1970 1972 1976 1936 1974 1970 1936 1936 1960 1972 1975 1976 1975 1974 1937 1962 19371976 1968 1975 Tennecc, Inc. T herm ! Insulation M fra. A n n - , Inc. T ile C ouncil of A m e ric a , Inc. T raveler* ln*ur*nce Co. T ri-S ta te E ngineering Co. II-V I Inc. Union C arbide Corp. United State* G ypsum Co. U . S- M in e r a l P r o d u c t Co. U. S. P o tte r* A e ro r latior. U n i t e d S t `.e* S t e e l C o r p . Van Straaler, C hem ical Co. Vesuviut Crucible Co. Vulcan Mold k Iron Co. WABCO T ran*porution Sy*tem* Group W a s h in g to n M ould M a c h in e it F o u n d r y Co. W atson-Standard Co. Wedror. Silica Division, Del Monte P ro p e rtie s Co. W estern E le ctric Co. , Inc. W estingbouie E lectric Corp. W illiam* 6 Co. , inc. A rthur C. W ithrow Co. Young G alvanising, Inc. NEW MEMBERS Allegheny County Sanitary Authority A a u r c i c J-.ecurant China Council, Inc. A m ericas v e-ding m e Manufacturing Company A c i t r i c t r w'o o C P r e s e r v e r I n s t i t u t e A m tric ie r., incorporated A r a c s s u Com pany, W irt tnd Cable Division CommereU'. Sneering, Incorporated Die* Corporation Dou- C orots.; C o rp o ra tio n n u Croup, incorporated E or; Pit: S-*e` Casting T he rr.n'rJsr. Glue C om pany K ales:. I n ; tr n a t io n a l, lr.c c rp o ra te d K a rt: oi--v .leer R e fra c to rie s J-iil; and O r-iitio C o m p a n y "" Maratx.br G.i Company RAD Sirvvce, Incorporated The f.tiri ctcrtes Institute S e h tr.n , - P'.ouft C orporation S m c t p-c-c-sts, Incorporated 5CM Ccrp-oration Stein:? Dtvtrtor., Cabot C orporation T iir Co-ncii o' A m erica. Incorporated a ,. t . . ;>i c tPCi t .e d Wa BCC ? rar.portatior S*:em G roup W illia m * ar.ri C o m p a n y , i n c o r p o r a t e d li M LblU M CS O i l i I J L'o 1 K iA L i l i l i l L i J t ; l U U W JA lW N i'i Ahln.rinn S n nllrjr M .m J f.c tu r tn , Co. . . { Oetiernl Grinding Wheels Corporation Abrastv* Com pany -G *'{' - General Motors Corpmatlon *' A b rw lv * D iv isio n . U. 9. R ubb er C om im ny \ General llofractorlos Company A brasive P ro d u t-1 C om im ny , ; J Glnst Container Aesoclntlon A llegheny L ndiu m S tee l C orporation Y' y \ Gienshaw Glass Company, Inc. A lleg h en y P itts b u r g h C oal C om pan y . A4tt*-Chnlmers > 1 nnufn d u r in g Corp. r The Allison Comim ny j . ' ' Alum inum C om p an y o f A fiierlcav f.' * American Abra* Ivs Com pany ' ? ^ ' < ; A m erican A ir F ilte r C o m p a n y. Iu<f.;;|. r . *; American D rake Shoe C om pany ; lij, - ` ' American Cynnnm ld Com pany :! : American E m ery W heal Work a ' American Iron & Steel Institute American M ining C ongress Am erican M utual L iability limitritticn Co. \ American O ptical Company . ; American R adiator I Standard Sanitary Corporation American R efractories Institute G rin d in g Wh!l M anufacturers Aas'n The llail Chinn Company llnmllton ISniery A Corundum Company llampden Grinding Wheel Company llnw ley Products Company I Intel-At Ins Glass Comimny H eel* M ining Company Hercules Powder Company John W . IIIgmAn Company O. Ilommel Company Manrlclo Hoclischltri S. A. M. f. Industrial Silica Corporation Industrial Tan Corporation International Business Machines Corn. International Nickel Company, Inc. American S m eltin g A R efining Com pany American Z inc Institute American Z inc. Lead A Sm elting Company Anaconda Copper M ining Company A n 'n of C asu alty ft Surety E xecutives* Autom obile M anufacturers A ssociation Ball B rothers C om pany j j Bartlett-C ollins Company ' Bay S ta te A braatve Products Cdtnpnny Jack A Ifelnts, Inc. Jackson Mills Emery Company Jamison Coal A Coko Company Jnhns-Manvlllo Corporation Jones* A Laughlln Steel Corporation Keystone Emery Mills Kimble Glnss Company The Kirk A Blum Manufacturing Coiu|Muy Koppers Company Bethlehem S teel Com pany. Inc. Iturner L aughlln China Company Bird A Son. Inc. Lava C rucible Company of Pittsburgh Bridgeport S a f e t y E m ery W heel f?nmpaiy R J. l-avlno A Company Bunker lllll A Sullivan M ining C oncentrating Company Lend Industries Association Liberty M utual Insurance Company The Carborundum Com puny , \ \ Mackintosh-!foniphltl Company Central Milica C om pany Chicago W heel A M anufacturing >ni|iitny Mucklln Company C lim ax M o ly b d en u m C o m p a n y Vj;.; Magma Copper Company Maryland Sclf-Insurera' Association Robert F. C olem an. Inc. '). Merck A Company, Inc. The Colorado M ining A ssociation * \ Cnnaolldated M ining A Sm elting (Imiipiiny Mexico Refractories Company of Canada. Ltd. , . . The Minmlahurg Paper Company . Corhart R efractories Cmtipany Michigan Mutual Liability Company Corning Glaaa W orks Mid-West Abrasive Company Cortland G rin d in g W h e e ls C orpora IInn Alio* Safety Appliances Company t i MiintiirtUi f|u-uil'*i*l fo m p a n y Mnliml **hrnti-iil ' 'mnpn ny of Anit-lea t **'k S n n d (> M 'n n y 1Irr i Ib*. f ny J. M Mf!rulck f**w|nny A. I*. Ic, , l|ni** -( tfl** I '*Im lt Sia !* In d ln g W b e r l C o m p a n y IMhiiioii'I I 'mi** wv Ptiinor* C h a ir C om pany. Inc. Ptr C h M o Irn t *'i ifany R F. P i ak*itf*ld C o m p an y I>i*vn f'r.i l.m PnlliK'nl `I* .Uton* As*nH:lIon. Itv. Nnllonnl Gilndfttp Whssl CompnilV Nnllfiml f!**:il ii:*t Association __ National Lead Company >-- "-n National 5*1rk A(tortstIon Thf N nlll* Company New J r i n c f 71** rnmfi.tnv I .eel* .f*|rl r I I l `nutputty N'*th Am.. |i i I ld in r lc ilA n ( n p t,,v f ?' 111* !. t*o Not I'm f onj.!* F .k ttro Itr fin r tn rlre ft Alloys C orporal Ion Norton Pike Company Em ployers M u tu a l L ia b ility In su ran ce *`*u.- ^ Ontario Mining Association Ethyl Crrntlow j.5, Oriental Emery Company Eureka Flint A Spur Com pany, Inr. t Ottawa Rlllrs Company Ko*|nn Compnnj- Ow*fi*-Orrnhg Flherslas Corporation The Falk Corfwr.ntIon Owens-Illinois Glass Company Firestone Tire A Rubber Company ' Firth Sterling S teel Com pany The Fllnikole Company # . 'X Foot* M ineral C o m p a n y ' Foundry S u p p ly M a n u fa ctu r er s A ss 'tt Frasler-SIniplax. ire. . ! . F uller H err Ia m C o m p a n y CJalvIn M a m tfa ctttrln g C om pan y Oarro Producfn, Inc. ?v; Gardner M achine Company General A brasive Com pany. Inc. Pacific Coast Association of Pulp k P:r r \ Manufacturers Peninsular Grinding Wheel Company ; Penn-Billion Company Pennsylvania Glass Snnd Corporation phelns Dods Corporation Pittsburgh Coal Company Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company Plssknn Division, Llbhey-Gwens-Ford Portland Cement Association Powers X-lloy Products. Inc. Multiple M embership f i t * C . . J i f } f i t >> //f- jkLbMttbKS Ok JLNUUSiillAL liiGJLLNJt FOUNDA11UN G rinding W heel Company, Inc. IT Pullman C om pinjr I^lt m a n -S ta n d a rd C a r M a n u f a c lu rin g Co. [Z^n Manufaetunng Company ^ vi,, M o r-M a n h m ta n . ln . wiitc Jlw ln g C orporation It H R o b ertso n C om pany . gafet* H r l Supply C om pany ft |v Gi Indlng W heel ft M achine Co. r tiiuV R. S c h n e lb le C o m p a n y fprt*h 1!. S e a g ra m ft Son. Inc. gi,, tiling * F u r n a c e C o m p a n y *nn*<<l> W u rd e n W l.lt C o m p a n y |*rura* C om pany p. th W r i t Ilo x C o m p a n y K*. Js I'li L e n d C o m p a n y HiMid:tr d A b ra siv e W h e e l C o m p a n y Pt AnIn'd L im e ft S to n e C o m p an y ptt-rhnc G rinding W heel Com pany pitx'kion F ire B rick Com pany The Sun R ubber Com pany Tex*i Gulf S u lp h u r C om pany Titan Abra*Jves Com pany Toledo Etllsdn C om pany Toledo Scale C om pany Trtnm n P otteries Com pany T ri-State Zinc ft Lead O re Producer A jeoclutlon U nion C arb id e ft C arbon C orp o ratio n U nited Engineering ft Foundry Compnny U ntied S tate* P otter A ssociation U ntied S ta te s S m eltin g IK doing ft M ining Com pony U nited S ta te * S teel C orporation of Del. U niv ersal S an itary M anufacturing Co. U tah Cop pet C om pany U tilities R esearch Commission* V alley M ould ft Iro n C o rp o ra tio n V a n a d iu m C o rp o ra tio n of A m erica V fiuM u? Crucible Company V itrified W heel Com pany W altham Grinding W heel Company W ashington III* A blative Company W edr on Silica C om pany The F K. W ellm an Com pany W eal Company W estern P recip itatio n Corporation W eetflrld G rinding W horl Company W eatlnghouae Air B rake Com pany W e e tin g h o u a # E le c tr ic ft M fg. C om pany W hitehead Brother Com pany W lllaon Product. Inc. W la^ n sln A brasive Company W o lf N eir P rocess Abraalve Whe?. Inc. T o u n g ato w n S heet ft Tub Coropan}- SUBSCRIBERS FEDERAL GOVERNMENT Air Ser v ier C om m and. F airfield . Ohio. of M ed icine ft S u rg ery , K a v y D ept. r.f Ordnance, C h icago. III. I? lurtflu) H y g ien e S e r v ie r, O klahom a *ly. o k la. I:..J iMii.l S a fe ty D iv isio n , Hunt&vlilt: Ate* ml. A la b am a Indue trial H y g ien e L a b o ra to ry , fin It*m o re , M d. tt*dual Sup p ly O fficer, F o r t M ason. Cal. .Navy Yard, C harleston, S. C. *h"rr f> in b lte h m en ts D lv. N a v y D ept. Vj|fy A uthority t*. S 1`uMlc H e a lth Her Ice STATKR liMfrt nf H ealth. cllfnrnl p*Prtm tnt of Health, Connecticut >M'rtm<nl of I l-u lth . G -orgla Urpnrtment of H ealth, Idaho Pf H ea lth . Illlnola w P*rimer! nr H ea lth . Indiana ivr-i-fen*-! of H ealth. 1-a.a ftm en t or H ea lth , K a n sa s , t'.'-Sment o f H ealth, l.oo>elan:i j-I.irtn-.fnt of H ealth. Maryland *Mlrtnitnt o f H ea lth , M issouri J--pAMiurni of H ealth , Montan: j^ r a rtm e n t or Labor. X e York {MuMn-.ent of H ea lth . Ohio J-nurtm ent of Health. Oklahoma Ptenrinmsy#-lnvtanoifaLabor ft Industry. **partr.tm o f H ea lth . Tenne*-* J*-fartftan l or n e a lth . T ex a s t of H ealth. Utah J2^nrrent of H ealth, Vermont JT M nm tnt of H ealth. Virginia tj*h*nm ent of H ealth. W est Virginia l ^ ^ t m e n t Wealth. W lconln u*trla| C om m lulon of Ohio CITIES D e p a rtm e n t of H e a lth . B altim o re. Md. D e p artm e n t of H e a lth . D etro it. Mich. D e p a r tm e n t of H e a lth . S t L o u li. Mo.. OTHERS Dr ElRton L. B elknap Dr. Charles Kemm Good Dr. .1. W . G. lfs n n o n Dr K R Vf yhu rst Dr. N. V llftiihraon Mr 3 M. H o lte n P. H edw ig S. Kuhn Dr. Geo. F.. M orris Dr. E D. Mc.Ponell Dr r O. ft* r r t r to n Jnhnr Herlrlne Uni* r r rltf p*i*,fT lh nf rnterell* M edical A d m in istratio n Service F onniG X D e p artm e n t ef p e n sio n * ft Tfrallh, O ils* a. Canada D ep artm en t of H ealth ft P uhllc W riter*. W innipeg, C anada B ritish M in istry of Supply M ission In te rn a tio n a l L ab o r Ofllce. M ontreal MndIra? R esearch C ouncil. London MlnliHSre S an tp ft B. E. Social Hyg. Quebec. C anada N elherlnnd G overnm ent Commission for RclenllAc D o cu m en tatio n Multiple Membership <*v J ' SUPPLEMENT I SUMMLARY OF REPORT OF MEDICAL COMMITTEE A. J. LANZA, M.D., Chairman The report to be published is planned as a comprehensive treatise on the subject of silicosis. More than merely a de tailed technical report on various medical phases, it attempts to present the subject as an entity and in a form which wilt a p peal to the industrialist and the layman. Chapter I points out that dust is a natural--it may be said, a normal constituent of the air and it shows how it can be come a menace to human beings. There is a brief history of silicosis and the more interesting and important theories and fallacies that were advanced to explain it. Those phases of silicosis which have been the subject of research are detailed-- those which have been settled, more or less conclusively, and those which have not. Chapter II is a brief history of silicosis in foreign countries, mostly within the British Empire. Chapter III is a history of silicosis in the United States. The various industries are examined one by one--metal mining, coal mining, iron mining, granite, sandstone, marble, slate, talc, diatomaceous earth, excavation in building and construction, potteries, porcelain, glass and cement, abrasives, foundries, rock wool, asbestos--with a synopsis of experimental research in the United States. Chapter IV deals with the nature of silicosis and tuberculosis, the pathology, diagnosis and prevention. This is obviously the most technical chapter in the report. However, the authors and contributors have endeavored to express their knowledge and experience as clearly and as concisely as possible. The conclusion of the report is a summary, which is given below: The extensive studies of silicosis in this country and abroad have given us a very clear idea of the cause of this disease, its pathology, its complications, and its prognosis. On the basis of our present knowledge, it m ay be stated that 1-- Silicosis results only from the inhalation of dust c o n taining free silica ( S i O 2). 2-- The time required for the development of silicosis v a r ie s from a few years to twenty or more, depending on the 7 concentration of the silica particles in the air and on the constancy of exposure. 3-- Beginning silicosis is recognizable only by properly taken roentgen films of the chest; small nodular shad ows distributed throughout both lungs are the char acteristic appearance. There are no other symptoms or physical signs associated with early simple silicosis which can be depended upon for making a diagnosis. 4-- Associated with silicosis is a marked predisposition to tuberculosis. In the majority of cases of severe silicosis, a tuberculous infection is found. 5-- Silicosis can be prevented by protecting the industrial worker from inhaling silica dust This may be ac complished by reducing the concentration of dust in the atmosphere or by the use of suitable respirators or simi lar devices. The first method is always the method of choice. 6-- Concentrations to which the dust must be reduced in order to be safe have not been absolutely determined. There is evidence that a concentration of more than five million particles per cubic foot of a highly sili ceous dust is dangerous. Therefore, it may be stated that it is desirable to avoid counts of more than five million particles of dust containing free silica to a high percent in working places. ` I Granite dust which contains about 35% free silica, when / in concentrations of ten to twenty million particles per I cubic foot, has been found not to cause disabling sili- ) cosis in a working lifetime. Anthracite dust, containing less than 3f0 free silica has been found not to cause dis abling silicosis (anthraco-silicosis) in concentrations of less than fifty million particles per cubic foot. 7-- Industrial dusts, containing silica, are frequently not all silica, being mixed with other materials. It is possible that some of these non-silica components may prevent or modify the action of silica in the body and may alter the tendency towards a complicating tuberculosis. 8-- Asbestos, which is a silicate, is the only dust other than free silica, which has been shown to cause a lung fib rosis with disability. Asbestosis, so-called, is distinct from silicosis both in its pathology and appearance on roentgen films. 9-- Simple--that is, uncomplicated--silicosis, as seen in in dustries in the United States, causes relatively little severe disability. 8 I Control of silicosis calls for adequate medical and engineer ing measures. Medical Control: A practical program of pre-employ ment and periodic examination of all workers exposed to dust containing silica is essential. Such examinations should in clude a complete physical examination of each individual, a careful history of past occupational exposure to dust, and a chest roentgenogram with a standard technic. The value of such procedure may be summarized as follows: 1-- Protection of prospective employees, who may have dis eased lungs, from silica exposure. 2-- Discovery of the hazardous jobs, as a result of finding the silicosis cases, in order to eradicate these hazards. 3-- Discovery of active and open cases of tuberculosis which are in contact with other employees, especially protect ing the younger workers who are susceptible to con tact infection. A--Discovery, through periodic examination of those with inactive tuberculosis, of any reactivation of their tuber culosis before they have been active too long, so as to protect especially the younger employees. Such early dis covery of a reactivation also offers the infected individ ual a better chance for cure of his tuberculosis. 5--Discovery of the early cases of simple silicosis through periodic examination to give them added protection from further excessive dust exposure. 5--Determination, through periodic physical examination, of the adequacy of the dust control program. A careful consideration of the foregoing summary as well as the varied experiences of the members of the Medical Com mittee clearly indicate that there is a wide field for research still in this matter of pulmonary dust diseases. There is no phase of employee health which concerns the employer more than docs this question of dust diseases, and the ever ipereasing extent to which the employees' health is being made a responsibility of the employer demands that every available op portunity for increasing our knowledge ,be explored. We still do not know the nature of the relationship between silicosis and tubercle infection. We do not know the extent to which exposure to silica dust to an amount insufficient to cause definite silicosis may reactivate arrested tuberculosis. The following research projects are listed, therefore, for the ' consideration of Air Hygiene Foundation: 1--Relationship between silicosis and tuberculosis, with especial reference to the question of activation or re9 activation of tubercle infection consequent upon exposure to silica, especially in massive doses, over a short per iod in the absence of definite evidence of silica action (nodulation) in the tissues. One of the phases of the dust question that has given rise to a great deal of confusion and misunderstanding is this question of the possible effects of the inhalation of large amounts of silica for a short time. Cases have occurred of individuals being so exposed, it being un derstood that the length of exposure was not sufficient to develop true silicosis, and these individuals have later succumbed to tuberculosis. What are we, therefore, justified in concluding with respect to the possible oc cupational causes of tuberculosis in such individuals? These and similar questions are of utmost importance to employers and employees alike. 2-- The effects of other substances upon the action of silica in the body. It has been claimed from time to time with a considerable amount of justification that where other substances are present in the dust along with the silica, these substances may modify the action of silica. That is to say, they may retard the action of silica so as to actually prevent or, at least, delay the development of silicosis while, on the other hand, certain other sub stances have been credited with greatly intensifying .the action of silica. The real nature of these cases of quick ly developing silicosis, to which the term "acute sili cosis" has been loosely and improperly applied, has never been studied in a satisfactory manner. 3-- Study of the mechanism by which silica exerts its in jurious effects upon the body. This, to a certain extent, is a corollary of number one. The pathologist can dem onstrate what silica does in the pulmonary and other tissues of the body, but so far no reasonable explana tion has been offered or demonstrated as to why silica acts as it does. Various explanations have been offered, such as that silica acts mechanically, chemically, and physio-chemically. it has also been suggested that the electrical charge of the silica particles may be a factor in its action in the tissues. It is quite probable that if we knew the exact manner in which silica acts and of its relationship to the tubercle bacillus, we would have much more useful knowledge with respect to tuberculosis itself. 4-- Research in the technic of roentgenography. It has 10 I long been apparent to medical specialists in the field of pulmonary diseases and to roentgenologists that the sat isfactory solution of the problem of pulmonary diseases depends upon the earliest possible diagnosis both to in sure adequate treatment and prevent further progress of the disease. In the last few years, the technic of taking x-ray films has greatly improved. Inasmuch as it would appear that to an ever increasing extent preemployment medical examinations will include chest roentgenograms, a man may be hired or rejected on the basis of his x-ray film. It is, therefore, evident that the very best technic that can be evolved is the least with which Industry can be satisfied. 11 1 SUPPLEMENT II SUMMARY OF REPORT OF PREVENTIVE ENGINEERING COMMITTEE PROF. PHILIP DRINKER, Chairman The report of the Preventive Engineering Committee having been published by Air Hyg.ene Foundation and distributed to its members, only a brief review of a few of the more import ant sections of the report will be necessary at this time. It should be emphasized that dust control is primarily a maintenance job and should be made routine procedure. Granting that a firm applying dust control for the first time is dealing with something which to it is new, there is no excuse for not at once adding the necessary equipment to the general production machinery and putting it under the direct respon sibility of the company's engineers. Methods of Determining Dust Some dusts (as lead) are determined bv chemical methods and the concentrations in air are recorded gravimctrically as milligrams per cubic meter. Others (as silica) are given by particle count, which in such cases is the easier method. Neither "gives"Iiii_wKciie story, but in either case it may be possible to secure the information necessary for the purpose. Present dust-sampling and dust-estimating methods, the re sults by which usually are not comparable one with another, will be amended and changed from time to time. Where dust control alone is in question, however, the Preventive Engineering Committee advises the use of the simplest possible procedure which will give the necessary data for guidance. No useful purpose would seem to be served by detefmining accurately extremely dense dust concentrations. In such cases, it is obvious that the workplace is much dustier than it should be. It is probable that any sampling procedure which fixes concentrations in groups 100% apart is sufficient and that the results of any attempts to come closer to the concentration at the moment of sampling are simply misleading. Thus ranges such as 0-5, 5-10, 10-20, 20-40, etc, suffice for dust control. Analysis of Dust.--Where mixed dusts are involved, there are two necessary precautions: (1) selection of the sample, so that it shall be representative, and (2) use of a technic by which the various constituents can be determined. 13 I I _ j 1 I j j / V Duit Collection The dust collecting plant consists ot four essential parts: (a) the exhaust hoods, (b) the piping, (c) the dust arrestor, and (4) the fan or blower. If dust collecting is to be installed in any plant, it usually is well worth while studying each process with the help of ex perimental hoods and a portable blower. A series of such studies gives the engineer the data he needs for his final design work, and permits him to select with confidence his piping, dust arrestors, and fans. Published data for the design of hoods is comparatively meager. In practical work the engineer must rely largely on his own experience and use purely empirical methods. Obvious ly such lack of data results in needless expenditures of fan power, for the engineer is forced to allow much too large factors of safety. Such data as are available are listed in the follow ing table: 14 i i h i i k )i n 13 ao *s 8 8 88 s .5 '5 j, JO V Minimum Air Velocities Required to Capture Certain Industrial Dusts I m* * * i Iw IS( I> ]K IK a - ap. '1 (aL. P7i Pm s < O is 2 S a0. Pa< I-a n 8 k (k S <o a &a s li o `1 li ? I " 85 IIs .13 fill 4 B 8 o8 mi HK K pi ub D X 0Peo 9P1i Pi | Io h" s n s n n s w t3x 1 K |Sl Ii* r 8 B 5! * s ca ut> * 5 c 'J x 31 sg ^. So-u13 2 .tile v-S ^ E l'S lO.V|I2 wV -rVj MJ c |S E fiLeen n 11 nu jin g.s s .a u3u3 ^ 0o, 1a 15 COMPENSATION LEGISLATION--A CRITICAL REVIEW THEODORE C. WATERS In reviewing the activities of Air Hygiene Foundation, I have been impressed with its progress and accomplishments. When the organization was originally conceived, those of us interested in its activities felt that It had a definite purpose to serve in the field of industrial hygiene. Its officers, trustees and committees have devoted their efforts to the solution of many of the problems th at have served to perplex our modern industrial society, and I feel th a t the Foundation is to be congratulated upon its various activities, which have proved to be of material assistance to its member organizations. For the past several years we have all benefitted by the research work done by the distinguished scientists who have served upon its committees and I know th at I express the sentiments of the member organizations when I thank these committees for the signal services that they have rendered. A t the last annual meeting of the Foundation, we discussed some of the problems presented to industry by the contem plated enactment of legislation compensating occupational diseases. Since that time many hew laws have been enacted, creating new problems for those who may be concerned with their administration. I have been asked to discuss briefly the bulletin prepared by the Legal Committee, which is now being printed and will shortly be submitted to the membership as Legal Bulletin No. 3. In the time that has been allotted to me it would bo impossible to present an intelligent analysis of this bulletin, but there are several subjects treated therein th at I desire to call to your attention for careful consideration. During the past year occupational disease amendments to existing Workmen's Compensation Laws have been enacted - by the States of Delaware, Indiana, Michigan, Pennsylvania, Ohio and Washington. Therefore, today there are twenty-one states whose laws now provide compensation for occupational diseases. In the following states Commissions have been appointed for the purpose of studying and recommending compensation legislation: Alabama Arizona Georgia Kansas Maine Maryland New Mexico Oregon It is apparent th at a new emphasis has been placed upon the need for compensating occupational disease injuries, and 51 * Sr ' ; W" I M in the course of the next few years all of the industrial states i will have probably enacted laws for this purpose. In choosing: three of the subjects discussed in the mnr bulletin, I do not mean to minimize the importance of the other subjects treated therein. However, in view of the present trends of occupational disease legislation, the follow ing subjects are of special interest at this time: (a) Provisions compensating partial and total disability from silicosis. (b) Limitation provisions. (c) Provisions dealing with pre-employment and periodic post-employment physical examinations of employees. Compensation for Partial and Total Disability from Silicosis Occupational disease laws generally award compensation J ' .- for partial and total disability in the same manner and under \ schedules similar to those for disabilities caused by accidents. In several of the laws recently enacted, compensation for partial disability caused by silicosis has been denied. The basic theory of the Workmen's Compensation Acta is to pro vide compensation solely for disability, and the legislatures i V of certain of the states have come to recognize th at many I*. employees who have some presently determinable evidence of silicosis are engaged in trade, not knowing of the existence of the disease in them, showing no noticeable disability, and fully capable of performing their regular duties. Precedent for the denial of compensation lo r partial disability was established by the method of awarding compensation for silicosis in South Africa, where medical classification of the stages of the disease were provided in the law. In the first stage (ante-primary), relatively low compensation was pay able, eo that the employee would be compensated for the time that might elapse from the date of his removal from his hazardous employment until he could find employment in some j other trade.1 The West Virginia law follows this idea and!; defines three stages of the disease, providing compensation iai: the amounts of $600 and $1000 respectively for the first and,j second stages of the disease, with full compensation in tha i; same manner and a t the tame rate as is provided for perma-| nent disability or death from accidental injuries when the! claimant Is suffering from the disease in the third stage.. I The original Ontario alatuta contained sim ilar provision. >: 62 1 r '4?:. * During the year 1936, Mew York State amended its occu$ pational disease compensation statute to deny compensation % for partial disability due to silicosis or other dust diseases, while during 1937, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Michigan passed laws denying compensation for partial disability from the dust diseases. The Medical Committee of the Foundation, in its Bulletin No. 1 of the Medical Series, has recognized the difficulty of evaluating partial disability. Similarly, the summary report [ of the Committee on the Prevention of Silicosis through Medical Control of the National Silicosis Conference has ; i | recognized the intricacies of the problem. ! In many instances employees have been advised by phy- ! ricians, untrained and inexperienced in the diagnosis and ( effect of silicosis, that they have the disease and thereby have \ sustained disability. Acting on this advice, the employee, y; now concerned about his condition, leaves his employment, j even though th at trade may be the only one in which he is } able to earn a living He may then And himself unacceptable i for employment elsewhere and becomes unable to earn a f ; living wage, with resulting hardships to himself, his family f ; and eventually to his community, which might have been avoided had he been properly advised that he had suffered i ; no actual disability and that the risk of continuing in his i ; employment was negligible. Employers likewise suffer from ! jfc'.Improper diagnoses, with the resulting persecution of common law suits or unjustified compensation claims. Not only is this litigation excessively expensive, but it may have a fa r reach..tag detrimental effect upon the entire employer-employee relationship, tending to destroy public confidence in an industry which may, as a m atter of fact, be well managed, properly 'aguipped and operated with full consideration for the health its employees. There are persuasive reasons both for and against legis- .tive provisions denying compensation for partial disability [front silicosis, but until an approved method is devised for the : i lose of evaluating such disability, the denial of compen- ;h ition for partial disability is not only equitable, b u t desirable. >With respect to total disability, the problem is much simWhen the disease is accompanied by active pulmonary |uberculosia, tho employee should be removed from the hazard dust, not only for his own protection, h u t for th at of his Mow workmen, in order to remove them from the possibility i f infection. An employee so injured should receive the full disability benefits of tho law. Adequate protection' lhauld be afforded to employers to determine the actual cause 'i i 63 I of disability so that compensation may not be awarded unless the claimant is determined by competent medical examination to be suffering total disability. Pre-employment examinations will enable employers to avoid the employment of tuberculars and tubercular suspects in industries wherein silica is a hazard, and by this method they may .elleve themselves from a considerable portion of the potential total disability benefits th at may be awarded under our compensation statutes. Limitation Provisions One subject that has not received merited attention is the period of limitations after exposure or injury within which formal proof of claim for compensation must be filed. Our state laws vary widely with respect to this problem, but generally speaking they relate to: (a) A period of employment within the'state as a prerequisite to the filing of claim for compensa tion and/or (b) The time within which claims for compensa tion m ust be filed after injury or the termination of employment. The following states require exposure in employments within the state as a prerequisite to the right to file claims: Illinois--sixty days exposure (all diieases) . . Indiana--sixty days exposure (all diseases) North Carolina--two years exposure (silicosis and asbestosis) Ohio--five years exposure to silica dust; for other diseases, employee must be resident for ninety days Pennsylvania--two years exposure (silicosis and as bestos) Washington--three years exposure (all diseases) West Virginia--two years exposure (silicosis) Wisconsin--ninety days (silicosis) Another important provision is the requirement th at the disease should have been due to the nature of the employment and contracted within a fixed period of time previous to the date of disablement. The following are examples of such provisions: Michigan, Minnesota and Ohio--one year Illinois, Indiana, Nebraska and Pennsylvania--two years North Carolina--three years (silicosis and asbestosis) All of the compensation acts specify procedure relating to 6 .'Sm A /ii v5#< 'K the filing of claims and fix the time after injury or last exposure within which claims must be filed, and in order to determine the rules of each state, it is necessary to examine the particular state statutes applicable thereto. These statu tory provisions lack uniformity as to procedure, and un fortunately, in many Instances, the period of limitations runs from the date of injury or manifestation of the disease rather , than from the date of last exposure to the disease hazard. This is objectionable to the employer because he is unable to determine his liability in the case of diseases th at do not manifest themselves or cause injury until many years after employment or exposure to disease hazard has been termi nated. To determine liability, it is essential that the period of limitations run from the date of last exposure. 1 The refusal and reluctance of representatives of labor to recognize the necessity for physical examinations of em ployees has impeded the successful administration of these laws, but the question of limitation provisions could be readily solved by the physical examination of employees upon the termination of their exposure to disease hazards, whereby it could be promptly determined whether or not they have suf fered disability. Pre-employment and Periodic Post-employment Examinations of Employees The medical profession generally, including the Medical Committee of the Foundation, recognize and recommend pre employment and periodic post-employment examinations of employees for the prevention and control of occupational disease. In spite of the misunderstanding th a t has arisen regarding their use, pre-employment examinations have served a valuable purpose in avoiding the employment of men in certain industries having hazards to which they may be peculiarly susceptible, as for example, preventing the em ployment of tuberculars in those industries having silica hazards. Periodic post-employment examinations have already proved their merit. They make it possible' for employees to be advised of conditions not due to their employment that need treatment for the preservation of their general health. Com petent medical advice is given, resulting in the treatment and cure of conditions which, undiscovered or unattended, might later cause Irreparable damage to an employee's health. From the social standpoint, the benefits of examina tions properly conducted may render to the employees in valuable assistance and the workman and his family, as well 55 I as the employer, will reap immediate and obvious benefits therefrom, Time does not permit a discussion of the legislative pro* visions of the states dealing with this problem but the Legal Bulletin that will soon be available to members discusses these statutes in detail. Suffice it to say th at pre-employment and periodic post-employment examinations of employees are of vital importance to ascertain the incipiency of diseases when employees are or may be exposed to hazards. When a disease is permitted to develop to the stage where it becomes manifest or disabling, it is generally too late to avoid its ultimate disabling effects, and the employee is then limited to the compensation benefits th at the statute provides. By pre vention, the health of the employee Is safeguarded and the employer relieved from the liability fo r compensation. There fore, a complete and. comprehensive program for medical control, with routine examinations, is essential for the suc cessful administration of these laws. In the beginning of my remarks I referred to the problems that have arisen and will arise in connection with the ad ministration of occupational disease laws and, for your con sideration, I would like to make brief reference to some of the provisions of these laws th at will inevitably lead to difficulties. We have been discussing specific provisions of occupational disease legislation common to all laws and I would like to call to your attention some instances of problems that will arise in the future in connection with the administration of these laws. Due to the limitation of time, I can make but brief reference to these problems, without detailed discussion thereof, but 1 hope that these references will emphasize their importance. As you know, the New York Workmen's Compensstion Act was originally amended to compensate a scheduled list of occupational diseases. In 1935 the Act was again amended to compensate "any and all occupational diseases." There is now pending before the Court of Appeals of the State of New York the claim of Shirley Goldberg against the Marcy Corporation and the Maryland Casualty Company for an occupational disease alleged to have been sustained by the claimant during the course of her employment. The duties of the claimant were to sell tickets for a motion picture theatre in a sidewalk booth which waa heated by a small electric heater. Her claim sets forth th at her legs were weakened by the heating and th at she fell, breaking her ankle and sustaining Injury. I quote the following averments from her claim: 56 tOV "My condition was caused by the electric heater in the cash box. I t drew the blood oat of tny feet and caused blotches and veins to come out, making my feet weak." The accident whereby she sustained a broken ankle did not occur during the course of her duties so that her claim was based solely on an alleged occupational disease of inflamma tion and weakness of the legs caused by her employment. The Referee before whom the m atter was heard awarded compensation, which was affirmed by the Appellate Division and, unless reversed in the present appeal, the case will stand as a precedent of what may be expected in the course of the administration of the New York Occupational Disease Law. I cite this case to bring home to you the hazard presented to Industry by those state laws providing general coverage. There are claims now pending under general coverage laws for diseases such as tuberculosis, pneumonia, boils, scarlet fever, flat feet, and countless other diseases not peculiar to or characteristic of the trade or employment wherein a claimant is engaged. I do not mean to imply that compensation will be awarded for all of such cases, but I repeat the warning that general coverage laws may in the future be construed to provide general health insurance for employees. If our present society desires this to be accomplished, our legis latures should say so and not hide the purposes of the pro posed legislation behind the name, "occupational disease com pensation." Another instance of immediate interest is the provision of the Pennsylvania Occupational Disease Act th a t becomes effective January 1, 1938. You are all fam iliar with the problem of so-called "accrued liability" common to all occu pational disease legislation. The Pennsylvania law attempted to take care of this problem as it related to certain diseases by apportioning this liability between the employer and the Commonwealth over a period of ten years, by providing that if disability or death from the disease occurs within the first year after the Act becomes effective, the employer shall be liable for and pay one-tenth of the compensation for such disability or death, the remainder of such compensation being payable by the Commonwealth. For disability or death I occurring each year thereafter, the employer assumes an I additional one-tenth of this liability until the ten year period is past, after which time full liability is imposed upon the employer. The Act does not specify the diseases to which this provision applies, leaving this for the determination of the 67 )  cv Workmen's Compensation Board. The Board is empowered ']! to determine those diseases th a t develop to the point of dis* ! ability only after five or more years of exposure. A t the : effective date of the Act, therefore, neither the employer nor i. his insurance carrier will be apprised of the diseases to which ; this provision applies. I t is apparent th at such confusion must react detrimentally to all industrial interests and, in a sense, makes the risk imposed by the law uninsurable.* Assum ing th at the disease of silicosis is one of the diseases th a t the Board will find to be within the terms of this section, we have a limitation of the employer's liability in the law in the amount of $3600. Does the section providing for the apportionment of liability between the employer and the Common wealth limit the employee's right to compensation to $3600, or does it mean th at during the first year the Act is effective, . the employer pays one-tenth of the disability or death benefits, not to exceed $3600, and the Commonwealth pays . the remaining benefits granted by the general law! Such a construction is possible and would result in claimants becom ing disabled the first year after the Act becomes effective receiving substantially more compensation than claimants becoming disabled ten years after the Act becomes effective. If this is the proper construction of the Act, I hazard the guess th at during the first few years it is effective, there may well be an avalanche of claims thereunder. I regret that time does not permit the discussion of many of the other important legislative provisions that are treated in the Legal Bulletin upon which I have been asked to make report. In closing, I believe it proper to express the warning to the Foundation, its members and supporters, th at during ' the next few years careful attention should be paid to the administration of the occupational disease laws now effective so that unjust and inequitable construction may not be placed upon the provisions of these laws. I believe that the member* of this Foundation are ready, willing and able to accept their responsibility for occupational disease injuries to their em ployees, but will seek to avoid unjust and inequitable claims that may hereafter be asserted against them. I t is important that those industries having occupational disease hazards should carefully scrutinize all proposed rules and regulations ..It adopted by administrative agencies and that false and im proper claims should be contested to the utmost. The next i few years may well determine the ultimate course of the ; administration of these laws and your continued attention to this m atter is vitally necessary to the protection of your own interests. 68 L. CORRELATION OF AMERICAN RESEARCHES IN INDUSTRIAL AIR HYGIENE H. B. MELLER The rapid expansion of interest and activities in the field of industrial health necessarily has resulted in a certain amount of overlapping of effort. One of the functions of Air v Hygiene Foundation is to unify and correlate activities in this rapidly-developing field so that the sum total of our knowledge on the subject may be efficiently advanced. In line with this objective, the Foundation recently set out to compile a rough, directory of institutions and individuals engaged in researches on those occupational diseases in which Foundation members are interested. In other words, we a t tempted as a preliminary move to take a partial inventory of institutions and research specialists working in this field. A test list of 200 such institutions and individuals was care fully prepared. We did not include research by individual companies or corporations for their own advantage, nor did we include the work of independent consultants nor the excellent and valuable studies being conducted in particular industries by some of our national trade organizations. Our survey was concerned only with the broad, fundamental prob lems affecting industry as a whole. Of the institutions and specialists contacted in the survey, more than half sent answers to the questionnaire. I t was most interesting to note th at in every case the question, "Are you willing to cooperate by supplying reasonable information - and other advice looking toward coordination of research in the field of air hygiene?" was answered in the affirmative. An analysis of the replies revealed th a t there is an increas ing number of specialists entering this field of research; that more hospitals, through their pathological and roentgenolog- leal departments, are broadening their activities; that more institutions of learning are inaugurating departments of Industrial medicine or industrial hygiene; thBt many states and some cities aro including regulation o f industrial disease hazards in their program. And, of course, there is the con tinued broad, valuable work of the U. S. Public Health Service and of the U. S. Bureau of Mines. These findings are convincing evidence of an increasing regard for the health of workmen, and cognizance of the advantages that will accrue to employers as well. A per tinent query now confronts us, namely: How can the greatest . advantage be taken of the opportunity afforded by these 59 d '; : yi }N< l;f 11 . '!> 1I f r. ; b. {:*' 7 ) A I increasing facilities, so th at they may be directed, through : cooperation and coordination, toward securing in the shortest practicable time authoritative answers to perplexing questions that are serious in their importance and in their need for early solution, Let us consider briefly some facts of relevance. There are the Federal and State agencies with their pre pared programs. There are outstanding institutions whose sole, self-imposed responsibility is the conduct of research. These institutions cither arc endowed entirely or in part, partially supported through private grants, or are entirely dependent upon out side funds. That the interest, research and support of this group should be encouraged cannot be gainsaid. The number of departments of industrial medicine and of g industrial hygiene in educational institutions is increasing, and it is hoped will Increase more rapidly. Such department! : i il will undoubtedly be a tremendous asset to labor and industry in training physicians, engineers, chemists, and physicists for this field of research and control. But in the programs of proposed research activities which : have come to us from these sources, there is implied a large ' amount of unnecessary duplication, if all are able to proceed as they indicate they wish to do; which brings to mind a logical question: Should Industry be asked to pay over and over' agsin for the same research projects Or should it, instead, use a central control to aid in direction of scientific effort and financial support in order to minimize wasteful duplication and - spur research progress on a long list of problems crying for i ! Attention t Obviously, fa r more could be accomplished and for far less money if the expenditures were bo directed. We are not discussing the research being done by individual ; companies or corporations for their own advantage, the work ' of consultants whose laboratories are industrial plants, nor the excellent and valuable studies being conducted in par> ticular industries by some of our national organizations. Ail such studies are desirable and valuable, but have no direct bearing on the program under discussion except insofar as! the Foundation, in its turn, is able to cooperate with these organizations to steer clear of those researches whose results will be made available to industry through the efforts of others. This will be a move of progressive type toward re ducing unnecessary duplication in research. { Nor is there included research in educational institutions where it is conducted for the purpose of benefitting Industry in particular districts, in which case appeal for research sup- 60 ft port from local industries is natural and proper. But where problems affect industry broadly and/or where support is sought from a widely distributed group, it is our opinion, which we hope will be shared by others, th at the best interests of all concerned will be served and the greatest return secured from tho investment if the problem is considered p art of a comprehensive program devised for the benefit of all; and if the place a t which the work is to be done is chosen with that broad outcome in mind. This action in itself will prevent considerable duplication that otherwise would likely occur. We refer in the discussion here only to the broad program ' of investigation for application in which industry as a whole la interested. The results of the Burvcy carried out by us so t far give definite indication thnt the men directly engaged in i this field aro willing to aid in coordination of the work. They realise th at duplicate effort is costly, not only in money, but-- \ What is of greater moment--in time. The scientist, we are convinced, can therefore be depended upon to do his part; ! but there must be evolved a plan, which can be preliminary ` in its nature, as the basis for consideration of such timely and i essential questions as who should do what, who should refrain [from which activities, and why. Scientists engaged in this J field can work out a practicable arrangement of inestimable value in hastening the clearing-up of many uncertainties f which have had their effect upon current legislation. These I! scientists must however be stimulated to bring about this n su lt through a central agency. * The coordinated program Bhould be made up of basic | problems, the solution of which is needed by all industry, [ e r at least by groups of industries. As rapidly as answers i a n found they can be used to practical benefit, not only in t plants but also in clearing up uncertainties thnt have affected legislation. I t is one thing to comply with regulations under an existing law; it 13 quite another to attem pt to clarify and | add to existing facts so as to clear up controversial points jconsidered in formulating that law. (t Industry knows more or less clearly what needs to be accom plished. Industry is aware that, in addition to researches on problems of special or immediate interest, a long-range pro gram is necessary to supply incontrovertible facts th a t then f be woven into Bound laws, fair to employers and emijrces alike. The path to this goal will be made very much shorter if ___ itlves in industry will work closely with scientists who void welcome a comprehensive program, equitably distrib- carefully coordinated, and adequately financed. 61 ) On the one hand, interested scientists would be spared'in large part service as salesmen to secure necessary financial support for their investigations. (Bear in mind what has been said about local service, or services or studies carried on by or for specific industries or groups.) These specialists would be able to devote all their attention to instructive effort. Industry, on the other hand, through its executives, would be able to keep in cIobb touch with the program as a whole 'as well as with parts that might be of special or immediate interest, and this connection would accelerate the progress by thus getting a maximum return for the money spent in research. Industry should definitely pool its interests, helping in the formulation of the program, and supplying the neces sary sinews of war. Science will cooperate to the full in solving the problems of industry, if industry is a part of the army in the field and is prepared for a vigorous attack. 62 TX Air Hygiene Foundation of America, Inc. ' A. Bltehlns (CM . SchulU (V. CM , _ J T. Wlllteme (Sec) 0t StililnlU j i t Pi-Sheen tBkadlnr Bran tfm m k DDoorth tS tte v PIetcher Ina Hirrlnfton & A. Balte (Treu.) C g Leeher S e e , D. Sever JL & Severe, H.D. a W. Sbenooi " P. tent BOARD OP TRUSTEES S lllotil Refractories Company SI' Corporation Williams, Ererrman k Morgan Sustlni Stori S Iron Coep. NiUonel Induetrlal Send Aei'n Jnhni-Mamllle Corporation Wesllnihouse Elec, k Mfg. Co. 8t. Joseph Lead Compenv U. B. Bureau of Minn MaUilcson Alkali Works, It*. Pittsburgh Coil Compenv A.n. of Casually and Suretv Eieeuthss II. B. Jubile Health Smlce Owem-Illlnois Ola Cotenais Mine Serctv Appliance Co. Philadelphie. Pe. Ne* York, N. Y. Toledo, Ohio Pittsburgh, Pe. Weslilniton, U. C. Ne* York. N. Y. Plttsburrh, Pi. Ne* York. N. Y. Waihlniton, D. C. Nr* York. N. Y. Pittsburgh, Pe. Ne* York. N. Y. Waihlniton, D. C. Toledo. Ohio Pltlsliurfh. Pa. ; ijj R Miller ) 'I R Hiythorn, M.D. m n A. Middleton P. Rupert . -i l a P. McMahon EXECUTIVE STAFF Managing Director Medical Adrlsor Awblunt Secretary Assistant Secretary Executive Asslalant Plttiburfh. Pe. Plttiburih, Po. Toledo, Ohio Plttiburih. Po. Plttiburih. Po. i f . U m . M.D. (Ch.) re 0. Gardner. M.D. . . a Hivtbom, MLD. t'U le Huletl, M.D. , a Jouet, M.D. tP. Penderireee, M.D. A. Sender, K.D. ; a Suera, M.D. MEDICAI. COMMITTEE Metropoliten Life Insurance Co. The Serenee laboratory Slncer Memorial Lahoralorv Weetlnghouie Elec, k Mil. Co. Hell Telephone Co. Unirent ty Hoipltel CoiMUllent U. 8. Public Health Service No* York. N. T. Saranno Lake, N. Y. I'ltlrburih, Po. E. nttsbiirth. Pt. Plttiburih. Po. Philadelphia. Pa. Mllo.ukee. Wll. Waihlniton, D. C. Drinker (Ch.) JL Ceel ,.M . DeBavelle IV. Bitch t K. Nlehol ;P. Tint I Birth (Ch.) PREVENTIVE ENGINEERING COMMITTEE Renard School or Public Health Zurich Insurance Co. U. 8. Publie Health Berrtce Dir. I n i Ilvf., Bute Dept Labor B. F. Sturleranl Cooipanv W. W. Sly Manufacturai Co. Mino Safety Appllincea Co. Rotton. Men Chicane. III. Warhlnalon. D. C. Near Verb, N. Y. Ityde Peek. Mesa. rtereland. Ohio Pittsburgh. Pa LEGAt COMMITTEE 0wen-11!Inoli Clast Co. inlim-MNnrllln Corporal ton Aetna Casualty ft Surely Co. MulfJkln, Hlockbrldga ft Waters Toledo, Ohio New Vork. N. Y. Hartford. Conn, jlaltlmore. Mil. Birr. Jr. (Ch.) B. Coll Dartdron C Frity L. Ball Joekun IV Lonoa H Lindiay r MEMOERRIIIP COMMITTEE J. 8. McCormick Company Lot Angelea Chamber of Commerce Foundry Supply Mfrt. Ass'n Aluminum Company or America Olaai Conlnlnert Att'n Florhlln Company Jlarre Crnnlle Asi'n Grinding Wheel Mfrt. Ast'n Mine Bafety Appliance* Co. Pittsburgh, Pa. loot Anielet. Calif. New York, N. Y. New Kenaington. Pa. New York. N. Y. Warren, Pa. flarre. Vermont Worcester, Mass. Pittsburgh. Pa. 63 TRANSACTIONS of TW ELFTH A N N U A L M EETIN G of INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATION O F AM ERICA, INC. NOVEMBER 20, 1947 MEMBERS O F INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATION --A -- 'otteries, Inc. ivision, U.S. Rubber Company rain Association roducts Company Aidlum Steel Corporation Pittsburgh Coal Company iers Manufacturing Company Company of America ;ed Anthracite Collieries, Ltd. Jbrasive Company .ir Filter Company, Inc. Irake Shoe Company an Company 'yanamid Company Imery Wheel Works ron & Steel Institute lining Congress iptical Company .adiator & Standard Corporation .efractories Institute melting & Refining Company fheelabrator & Equipment Co inc Institute inc, Lead & Smelting Company opper Mining Company Institute* lal Liability Insurance Company sualty & Surety Companies* s i Company >r Company, Ltd. Manufacturers Association -- C-- The Carborundum Company Caterpillar Tractor Company Central.Silica Company Chicago Wheel & Manufacturing Company Robert F. Coleman, Inc. The Colorado Mining Association Consolidated Mining & Smelting Company o f Canada, Ltd. Cooper-Bessemer Corporation Corhart Refractories Company Corning Glass Works Cortland Grinding Wheels Corporation Crucible Steel Company -- D-- Davison Chemical Corporation Deckers Creek Sand Company A. P. DeSanno & Son, Inc. D etroit-Star Grinding Wheel Division Diamond Alkali Company Dow Chemical Company B. F. Drakenfeld Company Dravo Corporation -- E-- Eagle-Picher Company Eastern Gas and Fuel Associates Ebasco Services, Inc. Electro R efractories & Alloys Corporation Eljer Company Ethyl Corporation Eureka F lin t & Spar Company, Inc. Exolon Company -- B-- rs Company llins Company brasive Products Company Steel Company, Inc. Inc. Casualty Corporation Safety Emery Wheel Company :lium Company & Sullivan Mining & iting Company em bership -- F-- The Falk Corporation Federal-M ogul Corporation Firestone Tire & Rubber Company Firth Sterling Steel Company H. E. Fletcher Company Foote Mineral Company Ford Motor Company Foundry Supply Manufacturers Assn. Frazier-Simplex, Inc. Fuller Merriam Company The Funkhouser Company 80. MEMBERS O F INDUSTRIAL H YGIENE FOUNDATION -- G -- Garco Products, Inc. Gardner Machine Company General Abrasive Company, Inc. General Ceramics & S teatite Corporation General Electric Company General Grinding W heel Corporation General Motors Corporation General Refractories Company Glenshaw Glass Company, Inc. The Glidden Company Godrej & Boyce Manufacturing Company B. F. Goodrich Company A. P. Green Fire Brick Company --r H -- The Hall China Company Hamilton Emery & Corundum Company Hampden Grinding Wheel Company Hawley Products Company Hazel-Atlas Glass Company Hercules Powder Company John W. Higman Company Mauricio Hochschild S. A. M. I. O. Hommel Company -- I -- Imperial Chemical Industries, Ltd. Industrial Silica Corporation Inland Steel Company Interchemical Corporation International Business Machines Corporation International Nickel Company, Inc. -- J -- Jackson Emery Mills Jamison Coal & Coke Company Johns-Manville Corporation Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation -- K -- Keasbey and Mattison Company Kennecott Copper Corporation Keystone Emery Mills Company, Inc. Kimble Glass Company The Kirk & Blum Manufacturing Company Edwin M. Knowles China Company Koppers Company -- L -- Hom er Laughlin China Company Lava Crucible Company of Pittsburgh E. J. Lavino & Company Lead Industries Association -- M -- Mackintosh-Hemphill Company Macklin Company M agma Copper Company Maryland Self-Insurers' Association M ayer China Company J. S . McCormick Company Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Mexico Refractories Company Mid-W est Abrasive Company Mine S afety Appliances Company Monsanto Chemical Company Mutual Chemical Company of America -- N -- National Association of Fan Manufacturers N ational Association of Mutual Casualty Companies* N ational Crushed Stone Association, Inc. N ational Grinding Wheel Company N ational Industrial Sand Association N ational Lead Company N ational Pulverizing Company N ational Sand & Gravel Association N ational Slag Association N ational Steel Corporation N ational Supply Company The N eville Company N ew Jersey Pulverizing Company N ew Jersey Zinc Company North American Refractories Company Norton Company Norton Pike Company -- O -- Ontario Mining Association Oriental Abrasive Company O ttaw a Silica Company Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation O wens-Illinois Glass Company * M ultiple M em bership 81 "R C 93 .X A oc. byccpj'ii. - K INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATION A R ttoareh A ttaeiatUmofladtutrU tfor il <liniiifnf triirfrfr*1 improving tTorUng Condit ion* J INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATION I n d u str ial H y g ie n e F o undatio n is a nonprofit re search association of industries for advancing occupational health improving working conditions and bettering human relations. The Foundation's staff includes physicians, chemists engineers industrial hygienists and medical technicians-- all specialists in health problems arising in manufacturing and mining. Through affiliation with I n d u str ial H y g ie n e Fo undationcompanies are entitled to the services o f these specialists plus the technical facilities of Mellon Institute, the Foundation's headquarters. FO U N D ATIO N ACTIVITIES The activities of I-H-F fall into three major categories: (1) | To rive direct professional assistance to member companies ! in tne study and solution of industrial health problems. (2) To assist companies in the development o f health and medical programs as essential parts of industrial organizations. (3) To contribute to the scientific advancement o f industrial i medicine and hygiene through research, surveys and allied | activities. 1 j The broad scope of questions and problems that come to the Foundation for consideration is shown by the follow ing tabulation pf activities, classified under eight major headings: (1) medical, (2) chemistry, toxicology and in dustriad hygiene, (3) engineering, (4) air pollution, (5) noise, (6) research, (7) legal, and (8) general advancement of industrial health. (2) Chemistry> Toxicology and industrial Hygiene (a) Industrial hygiene field studies axe conducted-- appraisals of nature ana magnitude of hazardous exposures and effect* iveness of control measures. These may be on a plant basis or on an industry-wide scale. (b) Information on toxicity of chemical and physical agents, and on hazards of particular processes; preparation of bibliog raphies, literature searches, and securing of information from other sources, as, for example, companies having related problems. (c) Information and advice on sampling and analytical proce dures, choice and availability of equipment. (d) Preliminary training of industrial hygiene personnel in lab oratory procedures, sources of information, organization of ' laboratory, record keeping, etc. (e) Studies and development of new sampling and analytical methods and techniques. (3) Engineering { (a) Information on engineering practices in control of hazardous recesses, and on design procedures, data and sources ofinormation. Advice on control requirements for specific operations. | ; i (b) Specialized advice on new plant design, reconstruction in . existing plants and changes in process to minimize or eliminate hazards. f (c) Review of plans for ventilating systems, as to design, capac ity, etc. Advice on special air-cleaning problems. _ j --. rartres and organiza- I (4) Air Pollution (a) Advice on industrial air pollution problems-- investigational procedures and criteria. (b) Development o f methods, apparatus and techniques for collecting and measuring air pollutants. (c) Investigations of air pollution potentials of plants--measure ment of stack dusts, fumes, gases and odors. Estimation of neighborhood effects. (d) Measurement and appraisal of pollution effects within ad joining community. Ascertaining sources o f communal pollu tion. . (e) Assistance in engineering measures for controlling excessive stack emissions. Measurement of stack du st particle size and its relation to appropriate dust collectors. (5) Noise (a) Information on measurement of noise--sound level, frequency, magnetic tape recotdingt, availability of equipment, calibra tion and data record sheets. (b) Comprehensive physical measurement of noise levels in in-' dustrial planta. (c) Information on physiological response to noise--measure ment of hearing impairment, permanent idss vs. fatigue aspects, treatm ent, susceptibility and placement. (d) Information on control measures--accumulation of industrial practices th at have proved satisfactory. (e) Information on legal aspects--assembly of facts on laws and regulations relating to compensation for hearing loss. i i (6) Research (a) !Short- and long-term toxicity studies on new chemicals to indicate nature o f problems which may be encountered in |manufacture and use. (b) | Research on nature and mechanism of action of hazardous idusts, fumes, vapors and gases, with special reference to " |actual conditions of plant exposure. (c) Basic studies in physiology, toxicology and biochemistry' of [7) Legal (a) Summaries of legislative activities pertaining to occupational diseases, compensation, and other proposed legislation per taining to industrial health; analysis of trends. (b) Review of new compensation laws, revisions and additions, and analysis o f decisions of compensation boards th a t are of special significance. (c) Analysis of new codes pertaining to health hazards and related problems. (8) General Advancement of Ind ustrial Health (a) Meetings: (1) annual meeting of members--discussion of broad objectives, policies and trends in industrial health and human resources; (2) conferences of professional specialists from member companies, (i) medical, (ii) engineering, (iii) chemistry and toxicology, (iv) legal; (3) special conferences on selected subjects or for discussion of common problems in particular industrial groups. (b) Publications: (1) transactions of annual meeting; (2) monthly ' Industrial Hygiene Digest; (3) special bulletins prepared under the sponsorship of the several advisory committees; (4) informative letters and pamphlets on subjects of current interest; (5) technical papers by staff* members. (c) Special surveys and studies are undertaken on an industry wide scale, as, for example, for an association or similar organization to develop fundamental information which will be of benefit to an entire industry in appraising and con trolling occupational disease hazards. MEMBERS O F INDUSTRIAL HyGIENE FOUNDATION Abingdon Potteries, Inc. Abrasive Grain Association Abrasive Products Company Chromium Mining A Sm elting Corp., Ltd. Cincinnati M illing and Grinding Machine Inc, Cincinnati Products D ivision Allegheny Ludlum Steel Corporation Cleveiand-ClUfs Iron Company Allegheny Pittsburgh|Coal Company Allis-Chalmers Manufacturing Company . Aluminum Company o f America American Abrasive Company American Air Filter Company, Ine. American Brake Shoe Company American Can Company American Emery Wheel Works American Foundrymen's Society American Iron A Steel Institute American Mining Congress American Optical Company American Radiator & Standard Sanitary Corporation American Smelting A Refining Company American WheelabratorA Equipment Cleveland Quarries Company, Sterling Grinding W heel Division Cobalt Chemicals Ltd. Robert F. Coleman, Inc. Colonial Abrasive Products Company Commercial Solvents Corporation Commonwealth Sanitation Company Consolidated Mining A Sm elting Companj of Canada, Ltd. Continental Can Company, Inc. Cooper'Bessemer Corporation Copperweld Steel Company Coriiart Refractories Company, Inc. Corning Glace Works CortlandGrinding W heels Corporation Crucible Steel Company o f America Corporation American Zine Institute American Zine, Lead A.Smelting Company Anaconda Copper Mining Company Anthracite Institute Arrow Mutual Liability Inaoranee Company Asbestos Corporation Limited Assn, of Casualty A Surety Companies* Atlas Powder Company Automobile Manufacture Association -- B -- Balt Brothers Company Bartlett-Collins Company Bay State Abrasive Products Company -- D -- Davison Chemical Corporation Deere A Company A . P. DeSanno A Son, Inc. Diamond Alkali Company Doehler-Jarvis Corporation Dow Chemical Company B. F. Drakenfeld A Company, Ine. Dr*vo Corporation -- E -- Eagle-Picher Company Ebasco Services, Inc. Electric Storage Battery Company Electro Refractories A Abrasives Corporation Bethlehem Steel Company, Inc. E lexS.A . Bird A Son, Inc. Eljer Company Bituminous Casualty Corporation , Ethyl Corporation Brush Beryllium Company Eureka Flint A Spar Company, Inc. George H. Bullard Company ' Exolon Company Bunker HOI A Sullivan Mining A Concentrating Company -- F -- Falk Corporation A. M. Byers Company Forro Corporation H. E. Fletcher Company _Jc-- Foote Mineral Company Cen Manufacturers Institute, Inc. Ford Motor Company Carborundum Company Fostoria Glass Company Cdanese Corporationjof America Foundry Facings M anufacturers Assn. Central Silica Company Fuller Merriam Company Chicago Wheel A Manufacturing Company Funkhouter Company MEMBERS O F INDUSTRIAL IENE FOUNDATION, Cont'd. -- G-- Garco Product,Inc. Gardner Machine Company GeneralAbrasive Company,Inc. General Ceramics Corporation General Electric Company General Grinding Wheel Corporation General U flls, Inc. General Motors Corporation General Refractories Company General Steel Castings Corporation Georgia Kaolin Company Glenihaw Glass Company, Ine. Grinding Wheel Institute Gulf Oil Corporation -- H -- Hall China Company Hamilton Emery ft Corundum Company Hampden Grinding Wheel Company Hasel-Atlaa Glass Company Hercules Powder Company John W. Higmen Company HomesUke Mining Company 0 . Hommel Company --I-- Industrial Silica Corporation Inland Steel Company International Business Machines Corporation International Niekel Company, Ine. --J -- Jamison Coal ft Coke Company Jeffrey Manufacturing Company Johna-Manville Corporation Johnson ft Johnson Jones ft Laughiin Steel Corporation Joy Manufacturing Company --K-- Keasbey ft Mattiaon Company Xennametal, Ine. Kenneeott Copper Corporation Keystone Abrasive Wheel Company Keystone Emery Mills Kirk ft Blum Manufacturing Company Edwin M. Knowles China Company T a m m ra m n n , tnx. -- L-- Homer Laughiin (Brina Company Lava Crucible Refractories Company E. J . Lavino and Company Lead Industries Association Lion Grinding Wheels Ltd. -- M-- Mackintosh-Hemphill Company Macklin Company Magma Copper Company Maryland Self-Insurers' Association Mayer China Company J. S. McCormick Company McLain Fire Briek Company, D ivision of H.K . Porter Company, Ine. McLean Manufacturing Company Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Mexico Refractories Company Mid-W est Abrasive Company Mine Safety Appliances Company Monsanto Chemical Company M utual Chemical Company of America I I --N -- National Association of Fan Mannfacturen N ational Association of Mutual Casualty Companies* National Crushed Stone Association, Inc. National Grinding Wheel Company National Industrial Sand Association National Lead Company National Pulverizing Company National Sand ft Gravel Association National Slag Association N ational Steel Corporation N eville Chemical Company , N ew Jersey Pulverizing Company N ew Jersey Zine Company Norton Company Norton Pike Company --0 -- Oriental Abrasive Company Ottawa Silica Company Owens-Coming Fiberglas Corporation Owens-Illinois Glass Company MEMBERS O F INDUSTRIAL HYGIEN E FO UN DATIO N . Coat'd. --P -- Pabst Brewing Company Pacific Grinding Wheel Company G. H. Packwood Manufacturing Company Pangbom Corporation Peninsular Grinding Wheel Company Penn-Rillton Company Pennsylvania Glass Sand Corporation The Pennsylvania Railroad Company Phelps Dodge Corporation Philadelphia Quartz Company Phillips Petroleum Company Pittsburgh Coke A Chemical Company Pittsburgh Consolidation Coal Company Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company Portland Cement Association Precision Grinding Wheel Company, Inc. Prisms Safety Corporation Pullman-Standard Car Manufacturing Company Pyrene Manufacturing Company --R-- Raybestos-Manhattan, Inc., Manhattan Rubber Division United States Asbestos Division RedHill Grinding Wheel Corporation TheRefractories Institute Rem-CruTitanium, Inc. Republic Steel Corporation Revere Copper and Brass Incorporated H.H. Robertson Company Rome Cable Corporation Ruberoid Company -- 3 -- Safety First Supply Company S t Joseph Lead Company S t Regis Paper Company Sand Products Corporation Sandia Corporation Seaife Company Claude B. Schneible Company Scott Aviation Corporation Sharon Steel Corporation Shenango Furnace Company Simonds Abrasive Company Simonds Worden White Company Socony-Vacuum Oil Company, Inc. South West Box Comoanv --S -- Standard Lime A Stone Company Standard Oil Development Company Standard Ultramarine and Color Coin p a n Sugar Beet Products Company Sun Oil Company Sylvania Electric Products Inc. --T -- Tata Industries, Ltd. Taylor, Smith A Taylor Company Tennesaea Copper Company Texaa Company Texas Gulf Sulphur Company Titan Abrasives Company Trenton Potteries Company Trion, Inc. -- U-- . Union Carbide A Carbon Corporation United States Potters Association United States Rubber Company Abrasive Division United States Smelting Refining A Minim Company United States Steel Corporation Universal-Bundle Corporation --V-- Valley Mould A Iron Corporation Vesuvine Crucible Company Vitrified Wheel Company --W-- Waltham Grinding Wheel Company Warner Company Washington M ills Abrasive Company Wedron Silica Company W est Virginia Manufacturers Association Western Electrochemical Company Western Precipitation Corporation Westfield Grinding Wheel Company Westlnghouse Air Brake Company Westinghouse Electric Corporation Whitehead Brothers Company W illson Products, Inc. Wyckoff Steel Company .--Y -- Y n n M il fikuk < V'm.U- UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT Armed Forces Armed Forcer Medical Library Aztay Environmental Health Laboratory Bureau of Medicine A Surgery, Nary D ept Naval Air Station, Alameda, Calif. Naval Air Station, Norfolk, Virginia Naval Air Station, Pensacola, Florida Naval Gun Factory, W ashington, D.C. Naval RadiologicalD efense Laboratory Naval Office of the Surgeon General Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, Wash. Naval Shipyard, Brooklyn, N.Y. Naval Shipyard, Portsmouth, N.H. Naval Shipyard, Portsmouth, Vs. Naval Shipyard, San Franelaco, Calif. Naval Shipyard, PPO, San Franeiaeo, Calif. Naval Shipyard, Vallejo, Calif. Offiea of Indnatrlal Relations, Navy D ept Other Federal Agencies Public Health Education Social Security Administration Tennessee V alley Authority U.S. Atomic Energy Commission Idaho Falla New York Washington, D.C. U.S.Bureau of Klnea U A Civil Service Commission U.S. Department o f Labor U A Public Health Service Cincinnati S ait Lake City W mhlngton, D.C. SCRIBERS STATE DEPARTMENTS OF HEALTH California Naw Jersey Connecticut North Carolina Georgia Ohio Idaho Oregon Indiana Pennsylvania Iowa Tennessee SPECIAL SUBSCRIBERS, Confd. INSTIT--U---T-I-OwNSu fAi/NvDr, OTHER ORGANIZATIONS A Nm . f tl'* W * * Industrial American Medical Association Argonne National Laboratory Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh FOREIGN ORGANIZATIONS (Coni' Canada WY & i w C mpen" tto" Department of Health ft W elfare, Viet Department of Health ft W elfare, Winn Denmark Kansas Kentucky Maryland Michigan M issouri Now Hampshire Texas Utah Vermont W est Virginia Wisconsin 1 1 Other State Agencies California Department Indnatrlal Relation New Jersey Department o f Labor New York Department o f Labor New York State Library N ew York Workmen's Compensation Board Ohio Indnatrlal Commission CITY DEPARTMENTS OF HEALTH Baltimore SL Louie Detroit J COUNTY DEPARTMENTS OF BEALT Lob Angelas Cornell University Harvard University Hesith Institute of the UAW-CIO ' Industrial Medical A ssociation Jefferson Medical College Johns Hopkins University Massachusetts Institute o f Technology Milwaukee Public Library NewYork Academy of Medicine New York Hotel Trades Council A Hotel Association Health CenUrVln* W New York University Ohio State University University of California Biomedical Library General Library ,, , A1mo* Scientific Laboratory University of Colorado University of Michigan University of North Carolina University of Pennsylvania University of Texas Universityof Washington Yale University FOREIGN ORGANIZATIONS Australia University of Sydney, Sydney Brasil ^StoPaulo* H,riene# S*ude Publics, AS p S T h a l brik,U hy*eU Bit,liotek' E h flm d Ke8e*reh Board, Load . f f i f n * National Service, Holland Koninkilfte Nederland,che Hoogovens en Stealfabrieken N.V., IJnralSen Japan University of Tokyo, Tokyo New Zealand District Industrial Medical Officer Auckland D istrict Industrial Medical Officer Dunedin Health Department, W ellington Norway Marinens Hovedverft, Horten Eidanger Salpeterfabriker, Porsgnnn Puerto Rico Bureau of Industrial Safety and Aeeident Prevention, San Joan South Africa Government Mining Engineer, Johannesburg National Development Foundation Johannesburg Bureau o f Standards, Pretoria SPECIALISTS M r.T .J.B any Dr. E. L. Belknap . M r.J.H.Holden Dr. A T.Johnston Dr. E. E. Dart Dr. Hedwlg Kuhn Dr. J.W .G . Hannon Dr. M. M. Semita Canada Department of Health, Montreal O ttaw a"* N*tio,m lH W> * W elfare, Workmen's Compensation Board, Quebec University of Toronto, Toronto University of British Columbia, Vancouver Sweden Caroline Hospital, Stockholm Statens Institut fo r Folkhalsan Biblioteket, Tomteboda Swedish Employeria Confederation, Stockhol&i Switzerland International Labor Office, Geneva BOARD O F TRUSTEES ANDREW FLETCHER, Chairm an President, 8L Joseph Lead Company, Now York, N.Y. V. P. AHEABN, S ecreta ry Executive Secretary. National Industrial Sand Aaaoelatlon, Waahlnston, D.C. M. W. THOMPSON, ZVoamror Treasurer and Oenemi Manager, th e Hall China Company, East Liverpool, Ohio T. C. WATERS, General Couneel Mllea t Stockbrldge, Baltimora, M l. H. W. ANDERSON Vico President, General Motors Corporation, Detroit, Uleh. H. K. CLARK Director, The Carborundum Company, Niagara Falla, N.Y. J. DEWEY DORSET! General Manager, Association of Casualty a Surety Companies, Now York, N.Y, PHILIP DRINKER, ScJ>. School of Public Health, Harvard University. Boston, Mims. A. R. FISHER Presidan!, Johna-Manvllle Corporation, New York. N.Y. A. D. ROSS FRASER President, Roms Cabla Corporation, Rome, N.Y. W. B. GIVEN, JR. Board Chairman, American Brake Shoo Company, Now York, N.Y. C. S. GOLDEN Graduate School of Business Administration, Harvard University. Boston, Mass. A. C. HIRTH Owens-Illinois Glass Company, Toledo, Ohio B. E. KUECHLE Vice President, Employers Mutual Liability Insurance Company. Wausau, Wle. A. J. LANZA. M.D. Chairman, Institute of Industrial Medicina, New York University, New York, N.Y. GEORGE MXXTER Director, U.S. Smelting Refining A Mining Company, Boston, Mass. E. V. MURPHREE, ScJ>. President, Standard Oil Development Company, Naw York, N.Y. G. B. POLLOCK Vice President, Allegheny Ludlutn Steel Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pa. A. M. SCAIFE Vico President, T. Mellon St Sona, Pittsburgh, Pa. R. C. TAYLOR Executive Vice President, American Can Company. Naw York, N.T. C. RICHARD WALMER, M.D. Managing Director, Industrial Hyglane Foundation, Pittsburgh, Pa. W. P. YANT. Se.D. EXECUTIVE STAFF G. Richard W tim er, M . D .................... H. H. Schrenlc, P h . D . ........................ Theodor Hatch, S.M. . . . . . . W. C. L. Hemeon, S.M............................ D.' C. Brailli, M.D. ............................. Pani Cross, M.D............................. .... J. F. O aterritter, M.D. . . . . . . J. F. Morgan . . . . ... . F. F. Rupert. Ph.D. . . . . . . . G. F. Haines, J r. . . . . . . . *. S. D. Puntureri, M.S. . . . . . . Lee Schreifaeis, i r ., M.P.H..................... i J. Deane Snsenbaugh, M .S. . . . . Marian WestricV, Pfe. D . ................... J . M. McNerney, M.S................... V L .S .U m ................................................ T. David Trnan, M.A.............................. Michael C e r r e t a .................................. R. K. Dumbanld . . ........................ Ellen C. Diamond ............................. Vivian M. C o l o n n a ............................. M anaging Director Research Director Research Adviser Engineering Director Medicai Director Research Pathologist Medicai Associate Head Chemical H ygienist Head Chemical A nalyst Chemical Engineer Chemical Engineer Industrial Hygiene Engineer Chemist Research Toxicologist Research Associate Bacteriologist B io sta tisticia n Chemist Research Assistant Office Manager Editor RESEARCH AD VISO RY COUNCIL Theodore Hatch, S.M., Secretary W. A. Hamor, Sc.D. . . . . . . T. Lyle Hazlett, MJD. . . A. J .`Lanza, M.D. ; . . . . . Willard Machie, M.D.................... W. P. Yant, Sc.D. j. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R. E. Zimmerman, | ScJ>. . . . Graduate School of Public Health, University o f Pittsburgh, and Industrial Hygione Foundation . . . . . . . Mellon Institute, Pittsburgh . . . . University o f Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh . New York University, New York National Research Council, Washington, D.C. Mine Safety Appliances Company, Pittsburgh . . . . U.S. Steel Corporation, New York COMMITTEES MEDICAL COMMITTEE . A . Sender, M.D., C h a ir m a n ............................. Marquette U nivanity, Milwaukee . G. Kamtner, M.D,, Co-Chairman . . . . University of PltUburgh, Pittsburgh i. C. Broun, M.D., Secretary . . . . Industrial Hygiene Foundation, Pittsburgh . H. Carleton, M .D .............................. Inland Steel Company, East Chicago, Ind. . E. Hamlin, M.D.........................................................American Brake Shoe Co., Chicago :. A. Kehoe, M .D ......................... U nivenity o f Cincinnati, Cincinnati . M. Kline, M J 3 ................................................. General Electric Company, Cleveland ;. Howard Matey, M.D. . . . . . Tuberculosis League of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh * C. McGee, M.D. . . . . . . . . Hercules Powder Company, Wilmington, DeL 3. M. Paterson, M.D..................................Council on Industrial Health, AMA, Chicago 3. D. Selby, MJ>............................................ University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mieh. (V. P. Shepard, M .D .............................. Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., New York J. F. Shronts, M.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . General Mills, Inc., Minneapolis LEGAL COMMITTEE T. C. Waters, C h a irm a n ........................................... Miles * Stockbridge, Baltimore Vandiver B ro w n ...............................................................Attorney-at-Law, Waco, Taras A. J. Gentholts ..................................................... Republic Steel Corporation, Cleveland Theodore Hetrler, Jr. . National Association of M utasi Casualty Companies, New York A. C. H ir th ............................................Owens-Illinois Glsss Company, Toledo, Ohio Andrew K alm ykow .................... Association Casualty & Surety Companies, New York C. R. O v is t t .......................................Union Carbide ft Carbon Corporation, New York In n Sabourin . . . . Quebec Asbestos Producers Association, Montreal, Canada J. J. Regan . . . . . . . . . . . . The Self-Insurers Association, New York R. Worth V a u g h a n ....................American Smelting ft Refining Company, Now York W. E. Zim m erm an........................ Sun Oil Company, Philadolphia I PREVENTIVE ENGINEERING COMMITTEE Philip Drinker, Sc.D,, Chairm an . . School of Pnblie Health, Harvard University. W. O. L. Hemeon, S te ro ta ry . . . . . Industrial Hygiene Foundation, Pittsburgh A. D. Brandt, S c J > ......................... ..... Bethlehem Steel Co* Bethlehem, Pa, J. M. K a n e .................... ....................... American Air Filter Company, Louisville, Ky. C. F. McEIwaln . . . . . International Business Machines Corp* Endicott, N.Y. R. T. Pring . . . . American Wheelabrator ft Equipment Corp., Mishawaka, Ind. COMMITTEES CHEMICAL-TOXICOLOGICAL COMMITTEE A ni M. Bsetjer, ScJL, Chairm an . . . John* Hopkins U niversity, Baltbnoi J. F. Marfan, S ecretary..............................Industrial Hygiene Foundation, Pittsburg E. C. B anes . . !..............................Westinghouse Electric Corporation, Pittsburg V . A. Cook . . . ' .................... .... University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mid F. C. Flint ............................................ Hazel-Atlas Glass Company, W heeling, W.Vi N. V. Hendricks . . . . . . Standard Oil Development Company, Linden, N J D. D. Irish, P h .D ..................................... Dow Chemical Company, Midland, M id F. S. Mallette . .................... American Society Mechanical Engineers, N ow Yorl F. A. P a tty ...............................................................General Motors Corporation, Detroi H. F . Smyth, Jr., P A D ....................................................Mellon Institute, Pittsburg! H. E. Stoldnger, P A D ..................... .... U.S. Public Health Service, Cindnnat W. P. Tant, SeJ). . . .................... M ine'Safety Appliances Company, Pittsburgl ! AIR.POLLUTION CONTROL COMMITTEE W. C. L Hemeon, C h a irm a n ....................Industrial Hygiene Foundation, Pittsburgh H. H. Schrenk, PAD., Secretary . . . Industrial Hygiene Foundation, Pittsburgh W. F . D avid son ....................Consolidated Edison Company o f Near York, Mow York H. F . H e b le y ............................. Pittsburgh Consolidation Coal Company, Pittsburgh W. A Latshatr . . . . UJ3. Smelting Refining A Mining Company, Salt Lake City L C. McCabe, PAD. . . ..............................U.S. Bureau of Mines, W ashington D.C. i