Document zbx1KvYzjbvd8o8q0nLe7azJn

January 1951 MMS LEATHER Better Things for Better Living ... through Chemistry Sjfetr i yua/i/n in Du Pont Tooth Brushes Du Pont research . .. the research that brought you nylon . .. has made possible quality tooth brushes . . . for Du Pont Tooth Brushes have bristles made of nylon. They stay clean, fresh and resilient and they last a long, long time. Research has gone into the design of these tooth brushes . . . skill into their making. There is a color, size and style to please every member of the family. Handles are made of Du Pont "Lucite"*, nylon and other plastics. You can buy Du Pont Tooth Brushes wherever tooth brushes are sold, at 10$ to 470 each. *"Lucite" is Du Pout's registered trademark for its acrylic resin. as US > **8.U. J. PAT.Off' BETTER THINGS FOR BETTER LIVING . . . THROUGH CHEMISTRY DECEMBER 19SQ JANUARY IfSI Thefollowing are exwerp/n from a speech made hr Crawford If, Crammmilt, president- of Du Dtml, at the renew dedication of the Compands $2ihmjM.m "(Mon" acrylic fiber plant outside of Camden, 8, C, "Ilf late years," Greenewalt observed, "big companies "'have "been' wider 'attach* 'aiid"Du'"Poiifc"li"adiaittecily"a .M.company....But.I.am....sure.tliatin.. Drlon'J.acrylic.l. ...7fibsi....Wft7..lMie .something ..that ...could 7 not.Myi...beeii.... developed by anything'else'but a Hg;company--big in: .human resources and M^^.. financial risk. If.the appearance of `Orion'"on the scene. .here.today.is good,"them.I.think.we.might,.without-"" injustice, enter that development on the credit side of the Mg business argument. "But if the arrival of `Orion' is to be accounted a desirable thing, then'its benefits must, of necessity, extend beyond .... the Du Pont Company. To be sure, Du Pont is hopeful that its investment in time, effort and.its. stockholders1. money, will...be. repaid...soft,.suit.. .aHfi.IntifistBntthi.lict.Ii.thatDu.Piit.caimpt.m.iki..:.. a penny's worth of profit out of `Orton1..unless the; textile industry makes a profit as well and .unless thecustomer is pleased enough with the final result to spend "Ms" liard-earnei'"dollaisr"...... 7 y;.......7 77..... 77"; ..........Greenewalt.pointed.to.the-history.of.the.ever-.. widening benefits of other products of Du Pont re search and said, "There is every indication that `Orion', if it is successful at all, will rapidly widen its circle of benefits," One of the present uses for "Orion" acrylic fiber Is in curtains, and lie disclosed that the yam in a $15 pair of curtains made of "Orion" would cost |2.86. ........"The-yana -went-from' Camden-ta a- weaving, mill, .mid....fcom...the...weaver...to...a...fmiaMng..iml,...ancl..."lroiii...tlie.. ;fMsli|.iig..milI to. a. cajitaun.manufacturer,, and thus into.. - the retail trade," he said,: "Bach intervening step made its- own particular contribution, and the wages, pur chases, ' and' profits' of "each.male..their way'.' into the'' ..whole" economic"'pattern;".................................................. He spoke of the "profound effect" various syn thetic yams have had upon the American textile in- /a^uiima-bfvr'Eyr i1n11 v.ar*ia"r4' ,traGchifdfliSs, dcrlrljjlfll 4l447"1te?inIi jimpO.rxITtlJMi+S'cxQrl OrvUivll)' iLFOHeaiiif.". -Lf*KIltc5i synthetic yarns eurrentiy account for only 20 per cent of the total consumption, of textile fibers. It is simply a case of broadening the use," lie continued, "In 1920, . when..synthetics were a negligible factor, the average .:Amerffiiffi7u8ed.lta^ . -year. The- last- figures I saw indicate that the current .rate of consumption is something like 33 pounds a ....\Jyr iori1oa...t17*..^....... i. nci.Ua '.fiUi jj.'|itltlll it.W...J4>'r\o..f....*c1 j*jEjirran1.....J-ffvLrJiIrlsll(UH aa...rvv/1P..t1*a 'srrm......Iaf,ir%lirfl.....c..s, ..... ".pound'" pr two' of otherfibers.' / ........../ ;..........7";......... . 7"" .......... - I-'See--"no-conflict---herei'''for"'l'"'am"''8ure'that---as--the.. synthetic textile industry grows, the entire textile field will expand along with it." BETTER THINGS FOR BETTER LIVING,..THROUGH CHEMISTRY ........Le at w er W-Lb a g iib Bo o t s ... .... . ....... 7.......Ypw;ri.Tfji..Co l o r 7, , , 7, , , 7,77, , 77..S.7 Lms Wr in k l e f o b Fa b r ic s .......................... 6 .......No. Manx o f 'Th is .....777 "7..77 7 77 77 ...........77777.", "7 ".8"7 .........pBOTiicfio''FO*''**is''XMiB'''CiAH'i>s.......;........,................,...,....10.... A SlttilWC AfWAKMIfIB .......... . . 12 New Die t f o r t h e So u News f o b Ponni.i&Ju'MMERs ......... . 14 . . 16 Wh y Th e r k 's No t En o u g h Ce l l o p h a n e , . , . 18 In d u s t r y 's St e p c h il d r e n ......... , , , 19 Ne o p r e n e Li a d s a Sh e l t e r in g Lif e ........ 22 Ch ip Of f t iii. Oi.d Bik .................................................... 24 7.......Ru b be r 'Ne e d n *t 'Sme l it Liite It VT , y, . '. "."2#';' ..Bo t t l e s t o ..Bo b b in s ....,.... ,.... ...28... ..Wmi'sMsw..,...,7...77,...,...,...,7..,...,.......,77.,...,...,....7..,...,...,...,7..730.... 'Dm You Kn o w .....I,,.,':,,,,.,, 32 .Th e Big g e s t Be s t Se l l e r .. ; ................................................33 Published .and copyrighted IMO by 1. I. du Pont de STanowt B Co. (Inc.), Wlimingfcoa, Delaware. All rights reserved. This magazine or parts thereof may not 'be reproduced In any farm without permission in. writing from the publisher. PHOTO GRK1DITS: Pajfp S: courtesy United.Air Lines; Page 9; cotirfasay Pacific Telephone and Telegraph Oo.j Page lii courtesy Caterpillar Tractor Go.: Page 14s courtesy What's New Magazine; Page IS, bot tom; courtesy 'Seabrook Farms; Pace 23, tower toft; 'courtesy USAF Air 'Matcriel'CsihiMnd; Page 33"tJ>; 'courtesy'Time, Inc. ................................. ..................... ............................ ............................... : .......................... '.................... ...................................... ....................... 1 Matusl in IIJ.A, .. ' -... .. $, ? r/i i -:f ; 7 <> ; .7 n //; < f ,r ? /i i' /1 ; / , < f ? i i-lr ? r. (iii1 iiiv ii'SUU lit i ' i U 11' ft' v f f/.{ Of?/4 %/ f i i* r >.' f :* f < t'U r/i J f ;3 lifvutlS.i'kjLil-'h . 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S'- t :: i: Y;i `:5 i t'S S iii i iii i-ii ii i:'i iii !.-i i'.-l-i :f. :! s-iiii i-i-;:-: i: i\; - ! )i.i !\-:ii_ : liv:!l ; il!i.:' --.-.'i !!! :' ;:! tin- t.ii!'! i.-i - i. !i i ;t! :! :-i IS \k i:>tt;i it. i1. - .1 :i -- t.tt. -ti *-itttt- i:. A, .i.. .'tii t.t.f.li- .*i.t It 111 ;;t {{ ; ..: ,..ivi:v.. ttt. i.-;i: i !, like the Polychemicals Department's hydroxyacetic After hundreds of tests, "G-942-" tanning agent acid or Grasselii Chemicals Department's lactic acid, proved successful in making kidskin suedes for better- and then by strong mineral acids to get them in good quality white shoes. Used along with other tanning condition for the most important process--tanning. agents, this resin leaves the leather white clear through The purpose of tanning is to convert the skins or so that it can be cleaned easily. hides into a softer, tougher material that won't be If the leather is dyed, beautiful shades are ob harmed by bacteria, .Many..prooissssliave.been...tried.... .. tatned...with...coaitgr...colorS'"Such"as-the""Poiitainiiie", In- fact, the ancient Egyptians- had.stujhja.good; one;..; .. ,<Pdnta.cxl.,';and"Eoiitadirome".dyes..The.dyecl.leathei* .fEat'some''''IO-centSymM'iarMea made-by them are Is then "fatli^uored'.'.to replace. the. naiffi.it oife MlIn "" stil":well-piserved, Tb"spIei:.up"iKis" slow"proeesg"ani;" tanning, and to give a stronger, better-looking product, .improve" the"prop;rties" and" iippiarliilei'' of"the leather,;... ..Many..different..oils.are..used,..along with chemical - several -mesT tanning agents-have-been" used. The-most;" ; ; ";produeti"llke:'"DupdloI"''.WA' pasta fatty"alcoholsul- .revolutionary.are..the..chromium.salts,..first.studied.... ..fate.and.."Avitone'*-A.leather" 'softening.a'pltrwliiili........ in England and introduced commercially by an Amer leave the surface less greasy. ican chemist. After intermediate steps such as drying, the leather While straight chrome-tanning is still the major Is given a durable, finish, often pigmented, based, on ' method, it is not the only one. Sometimes combined resins and waxes such as the Fine Chemicals Division's alum-chrome is used. For sole leather, the advantages "Methacrol" resin dispersions or the Poiychemicals of vegetable extracts keep them in the running. The Department's "Hypalon" synthetic resins and Electrochemicals Department enters the picture again . "Qpalwax". synthetic . wax. ..in. ..the. case..of ...smooth....... l''wititslofmaldeliyd, used as aipretaniiing agent-and- ;.leathers, the flnkk ....:......... ..1. .terblifidinl with otKif'apitsl;o'male'wiiteleatiers.'..i -.........The shew manufacturer takes, over .from there. He ...... :..!.......MAK.lAC.:.Sfttl3'firtEATHlII...WHlTElt... :..i..:.......' .i ' ': " gets'" several boosts-from FbF'''mafiig'Tox'toas^^^ the chemical industry, too, ........ White -leather,..by -the- -way,- -has-'raised.special;../ ;.colloid-treated' fabric"as" 'a"itiffen|r.";Hni' lie" covers'llie.""?.... i..proMeim.i..Ast#hoei.upper.-stock.comes-from.chrome... .. vulnerable'wood -heeteofwomen's'Shoes'wrth"'Tyralta''........ tanning, it's a bluish-gray color.4*What's the best way cellulose nitrate plastic, which can be matched with to make the surface bright and white?" wondered the practically all leather surfaces and gives scuff-resist chemists. One answer was "Ti-Pure" titanium diox ance. If the shoes are casuals, he may use neoprene ide, This pigment is used in the last stage of tanning, for sturdy, eye-catching crepe soles. ' and also in leather finishes and shoe polishes. ' For the fine quality of American leathers and But that wasn't always a complete answer. Scuff shoes, first honors go to the tanners and shoemakers, .mg; or rubbing..often..broke, .through, the;surface..of... ..Iiid..tbe!r.macMiiery...maniifacturer8..'H6re'i'ii the chem- - "white shoes- and left permanent bluish-gray sears. A ;..; ; ical industry,; though,, we'rej ... : : .new.approaeliseeSednecessary.^andDuPont-oliein-- tunities to aid their enterprise. When you think.of..;..; ""feta' explorfc|"'the"iili ofsynthetic resins."........ .......A "."your, feet, give the'chemist a hand,, too............................. mfln:lii-ers,. the leather is classified according to its thickness. - - \ <> l lilt:- <: { ( }< : ((! lest S;f>ii ihi'aifa \\ (ill >> i.-j i' v;i:fs- Us--*;; .-.vat:>u fii-'-ir- ,i;ia if; I'i .j M i hi dfa f ry; j 1; . 1 \) /!> \X! fi i i lO '.'roil.1.; : ;) : j j \ > > 11 i > ! \ f i. j o; i h' i 1 i i; ii h* j ; o\i re U O \ S: fSi i i\ f* :. i ; m j hsi hif i\ !.si : ! - i(si t: .7 ! ; ; s Torn ]\y\ niiiic ! o oson. ? hr -, i >K-i i /ii 'i I)i 11! V j ry If >r or fiy : f; V >i if l'::i OS t J A.; ti-t >11* 41 I'll1 liiiii- ft is. : f it i :t ;:i'V fly i; i ; \\> s iii i 11 di-iiiliu . Iii v_* if 3 S'.'t rlvi'r ri Si ! ictivi' < ol( U Ui/ i :io- !.;iV f* a.dr : iii: ;; Oi iff pn.y ! :ilt ; > 11 r n! . iJ. I v ' .' V -jf yv:W; All lit! i. i (: ill!,! i Mii 1 ! ! 1i i i ill-' a.i'i i i !!! i w i; t.t-.it- *h f ; ; ! !; r.: t i ' ! is. if.-, oi't ==- = i! r . i ? ii.\ i i : or . flisl if; >: f ic ; n' i i *f Hi :11f:! 11 K: !f: : if \\ (OS i iu- ; ! :i ;k f f. ;: li I.!:, tin.' ./ : j 5; asii i A. i ' .'1 Writ !o 'A n'w! iliy !!'-! < }r : v .i-; !-> ; ';.M wd; i li Ml, \}{ i i - :vL:d.; i. "I- .a Vfi fsii. i 5 : : '.i'l'; <\ i;:. V.-.-'J \\w- I'fitCf:. STO ! \ !' ' :>i1: 5.`5:: . t j Vi '* il:-c : i 11 s. *. s ! s f; i j ! : i i; l: is ;v;::T- iliiur ;!. s:: s ffiff `s..:.ix ^ I I ' *' \V * : ^ k j.;u!/: >w.SUS.:; S Oi u 11: u..; Of; I ,; s : U- : v! .i . .: i : For. good grooming, unmwaed. garment* arm m must. Now they can stay meat longer became - i1F1/v1 v|voun xr^e3mmpcmiiilu1Ptjli, fihiiiad#tr fliwtjawssiliiilyv nmKftAfl suiiimci smunitf- that "gave up" after its first wearing ,,. how it just seemed to- collect wrinkles and creases? Thanks to . chemistry, cotton and rayon'clothes can now stay . neater longer with less care and upkeep. Such garments . are made from fabrics processed with special com pounds, among them the new "Zeset" finish, ;. The idea behind crease-resistant treatment is not new. It lias long been known that cotton, viscose rayon, and combined viscose-acetate rayons sufferfrom . wrinkling more than -does wool, ' But the older type resins that were used to cope with the problem had certain drawbacks. Some would 'discolor badly on bleaching--or weren't satisfactory : on rayons that were to be washed--or would solidify during application and have to be scraped off the ' processing equipment. . : Trying to remedy these difficulties, Du Pont ehem- ists investigated about 100 chemical formulations that showed promise along these lines. 'Their system atic studies, over a period of several years, showed : that the present "Zeset" was the best candidate, and ' #W]kit|? AtJaectbinitSsdobb iM"4TJ jaaprepr'iilyv xAxfit1/fcJI ilQaUTUhrTwa'nLtOwiryv "LfAcotJUrfSa, ivHllrtiJa TjpnIUWAfl- ' ' net was taken to a Southern textile manufeefeurey;for a trial under mill conditions. The manufacturer,liked ' it, as have several others since. ; . Mill owners find that "Zeset" gives good crease resistance, so that ordinary wrinkles will hang out ..;.......;.. quickly "between"'wearinfs.: Dke" previous finishes; "it... . helps the fabrics hold their shape, with less stretching and shrinking to worry about. In addition, it stands up well under normal laundry and dry; doming condi . . . tiona. You. can even use bleach when washing rayons treated-with "Zeset". And it can be applied economi cally in the same bath with other textile finishing ' agents such as "Zelan" durable water repellent .finish. :: A striking property of "Zeset" is the soft, mellow ' feel or "hand" that it gives to a wide range of fabrics. : By adding certain otter chemicals, the hand can be varied to give special effects on particular materi- als. Spun rayons, for example, can have a wool-like feel and resilience. : ' During the first mill trial, the textile ^manufac turer's imagination was sparked by this property, and he went ahead on Ms own to design new types of fabrics especially suited to this new finish. A neigh- boring mifi, making embossed fabrics, discovered that this product helped set the pattern and gave the de- sired softness at a louver cost. In the near future you mav be buying a suit, . skirt or other garment made from a fabric treated with this new wrinkle resistant finish. You'll find that it looks better, feels better and keeps fresh longer. And you may be seeing many new types of fabrics, as "Zeset" extends the market for serviceable rayons and mixed-fiber textiles, . ; :: : . - : . < At Mooresville Mills, lue,, in North Carolina, "lose!" is tip ' plied to-a-fabric for wrinkle reslstanee. Easy application is 1 ..:............o h i advantage tlii'l ippiill'Uo ulliiti lisiiii tliis product! Year-round phone service over the Cascades in Washington has been insured by installing a new all-weather -underground cable, Du Pont dynamite, speeded the work By RAYMOND A. PETERSON -at'once: Sixty"iBeii"to;'shovel"Siiowfrom/tele- phone-lines/'. Pacific.........Telephone^ and.^TelegraphCompany won,t...have...to..appeal...for help'in .the.future. no longer exposed to ice and show; they're liuriei In a Iasi.sulinief""is""ilri..ofa..new.erosi-stite.SBpiiie.. route. Now let Nature bring on her most destructive . sleet storms, like the one in 1949 that cut off telephone service between eastern and western Washington for three days. Overhead lines on poles, heavily braced to with stand gales and the pressure of 1040-20 feet of snow, are stilMn'Service, Tmfae,4homgh":iS"gradualf being- diverted "to the buried-cable'as-more^and'more terminal ...eqwpment ismstalled at communicationeeiitei'S^lilveii.-.. ...tuallyythe: overhead.,wires...and. poles.,will .bedismantled.. ..:..ail...|he..|gM;eiicli winter to keep:the iiies u^ . comeafiresidetopic amongtelephoneconstruction men. .... ' -The job of eonstructing a .fiv-foot iraneli ana'In- ... iflllirig'ile.Itt-weaffier.cable.Between.ffiS""two"':citiei.. has cost P.T. & T, more than $4,000,000. As far back as 1946 plans were made to get the long-distance cir cuits underground, safe from the weather. Field sur veys and engineering studies were made and the work was far enough advanced in 1948 to start clearing the right of way,, trench-cutting with a plow train, laying the cable and' "baokfillixigi................................................ 5 Thus stated, these operations seem simple enough --and they would be if the terrain in the Cascades was like that in Kansas or Nebraska. But it isn't. And that's why the better part of two years was required to complete what was really a Mg job. Considering that the airline distance between Seattle and Yakima is more than 100 miles, the overland route is of course considerably longer, with plenty of obstacles to over come, In the lowlands, swamps had to be drained so that the big excavating machine wouldn't bog down, ' Douglas fir stumps--in some-cases six feet in diameter --had to be shot out of the way. Huge boulders barred progress at many points, and long stretches of the trench line were blasted through solid rock. More than 80,000 pounds of Du Pont dynamite were used in these operations. Where ground conditions permitted, the required five-foot trench was made with the big plow drawn through the earth by three powerful tractors. Then the plow train, with reel attached, laid a 1,000 foot section of the cable in the trench and completed the burial operation. Meanwhile, workmen spliced and sealed another section, as the train moved ahead to its next work assignment. Thus, slowly, section by section, the new coaxial cable was installed under ground all the way from Seattle to Yakima. This cableis a wrist-sized, lead-sheathed assembly of four well-insulated copper tubes. Two of them are capable of carrying 800 simultaneous voice massages; that is, one tube transmits 600 messages in one direc tion. while other-carries 600 more the opposite way. The remaining tubes serve control purposes, regu- Also housed in the cable are many small insulated wires to carry the traffic of local telephone calls. The complete cable assembly has been called "a gas pipe wired for sound," which is an over-simplified description. But in one sense at least it is apt;' for under operative conditions this lead-overooated cable carries a charge of nitrogen gas under a pressure of nine pounds per square inch. And if the pressure drops below six pounds m any 9,000-foot section of the cable, automatic recording instruments housed in "lints" all along the line, operate electric signaling devices at terminal headquarters. A red light indicates where the "trouble shooters" will have work to do. The equipment required to operate a modern telephone system is beyond the understanding of most patrons. The difficulties met and overcome in the con struction and maintenance of the service lines are f4ejjptifl flU\rvUy yii'%l i1m|voaruifu1~i3mn#>u/-I iMnl TW'|"liqc, IICfJiWlliEpS. O|-U-i^L Lilat?, L UIIivIvI-1ixIUi^1/X*L.V<iLr41UIiIS3 industry la a vastly important one. Let that stand as our justifying reason for reporting the P.T. & T. OomhJJ9d-HUfy !5f?l sSUv.-LidSlSAtA4 W'OWtrrlwlr itnil ryvtiiyTailKlicatlrWnoligr jvTYtvlrli IWFian ft in the Cascades with the aid of Du Pont dynamite. Crew drills in preparation far blasting, Some 80,000 pounds . Coaxial telephone cable, buried in a trench, connects Seattle ofDm Pont dynamite cleared way and blasted trench far cable. with Yakima. Crews crossed solid rock leilges, bogs, streams. quarrying and snow removal. And you'll find huge stationary engines in power plants and flour mills, and on the-oil fields with "Zerone" or "ierex" in their cooling systems. On dam construction jobs you'll find Euclds, cats, shovels, cat cranes, air compressors and mobile power plants. And at the Hungry Horse dam site north of Kalispeli, Montana, there's a ponderous piece of equipment called a Monigam, One man, operating push-buttons, controls this dragline, which scoops up . from 8 to 11 yards of gravel at one bite. It uses more than SO gallons of "Zerex" in its cooling system, LOGGERS NEED ANTIFREEZE In the remote logging regions of the Pacific Northwest, antifreeze is a cold weather -essential. If it were not for the modern automotive engine this tremendous Industry would not be the giant it is. The .Crowii-Zelerbach Corporation, atitsMolalla Camp, for example, uses 21 specially-built trucks with engines of 150 and 200 horsepower. During the winter they are protected with "Zerex". "These rigs cost about $20,000 each," said the truck supervisor at this camp. "And it sometimes gets plenty cold back here in the mountains--30 or 35 below zero. We need the best antifreeze we can get." At the Longview, Washington, operation of the Weyerhaeuser Timber Company, the assistant pur chasing agent said. "We use `Zerejfi in our logging rigs and trucks. But we.have found that we can save money by using `Zerone', too. We put it in our ynrders, ' speeders and some of our eats. Vibration ami rough use make it impossible to keep the cooling system tight- and leak-proof in some of these engines, so we just keep refilling these units from a premixed `Zerone' solution--and it works out O.K." In other fields, too, you'll find equipment that needs antifreeze when the weather gets cold. From the r1a1 lnUnmnI+wniiinllas nHIf Ti.NNvJiaw(aidrlcfii fWrtI 4I-VIifca? dQilnivf*!K11i,- <aAfv*il+b,<ea i'Lto'UncniJl. `JP- AWHmlAiTi'S atMiF Pennsylvania is quite a trip, yet In both places, and in the miles between, you can find a Du Pont anti freeze protecting the equipment so vital in open-pit mines and quarries. .... At Pioehe, 'Nevada, the Combined Metal-Undue- tion Company drove a shaft down 2,000 feet to bring out ore containing lead, line and gold. And from an Scooping up gravel from si river lelt!iw tfonigan Is at work In Montana where lemperulnres of ~~ 'Iflto, aren't iiniisiinl. open pit on the surface they bulldoze and scoop a vol canic mineral called perlite. When cleaned, processed and heat-treated, it pops like popcorn to almost 10 times the original size and is then marketed as "Panaealita" plaster aggregate. This company uses "Zeros" in all equipment because it operates at altitudes up to 12,000 feet. "On# of its nicest features," according to the mechanical superintendent, "is the inhibitor that keeps the cooling systems ofour -equipment so clean." Eastward, the anthracite regions of Pennsylvania have long been known as the proving ground for heavy-duty equipment. Big mining companies pur chase antifreeze in carload quantities to .protect their equipment. Largest are the drags--a kind of crane with a bucket-used to dig away earth and rock before milling the coal. One of these, a Manitowoc Speed- rruiMs owiiieti py uic ne&a cuiupaiiy 01. n*iaicwjii, Pennsylvania, swings a boom 140 feet long with a four-yard dragline scoop. The cooling system for its 12-cylinder diesel engine Is protected during the winter with more than 35 gallons of "Zerone". Warren Hess says, "We have used this for the past eight years and " have' always found' it satisfactory.".............................. Perhaps that's why so many operators protect their expensive machines with a Du Pont antifreeze. . ' fli;-!; wise !i jir . {"i:11.ini- hvnii; ,;:iV ii icicii ! >! i i i : i -- !<l SI i! j>! < ii i if.'! . t iiil I! til ; ;c; l Vc eeiljo ilec'j : ;:.!? ;)ri:.v, :: 11 L-l' i' i \; L::I ii.`:i 1 Li:ci. :S:;:Lc:_. I:: m I :-n! ) { v'.-.io-s s i is. . .\'I | i u t .: iei ;'.i '.-j. ' ; J. :.! : : :.|( ;! Si ii! s j;i j ;; J;;i,-:!;> v-i-, :: j ? = i i.iiev,s` ,;i i!:t- li.'.i -i i ' ;.s! - ilics; p:nii;:i y.-ci i If i ::;r i s'l, iniri i is c i'7 |u' j;7vih : hi; ' ivwv i.i ii Hi ; i i1.; (li.'ir ! rucl-.s rnui i.i !;!! ;;i :('ll .; : ! i':; l i : I ii \ n , "< )ur <'! i; i! i i: : J i 7. j;;;iii; cii; !; ii - : : !; S 'll s!;'l! HI Ii1:'. | , | kl ' j 1 i IS I I I! I K'i' V. P l\Y - f ' | i ; I./;' `:\i` `isVc . 'iill!l Si i 11 I i-C ' ; I I II : I M : i j.r ! I !, IV i'l 1:; ! ' i: it . Hi ,,ii. : 11: C; i! w :-'.l:i. i! i'ci.cs ; i ijin' ie>';c .! -:{i:j I I..;; I. i.1 i.; ;!c ; ''Ins1'. .cki!'!.! :: ' U ! 7 i i' j il: ! i!: I I i"i V i i ! i ! i! 'ill K I ' i.': i I i U : i : j i !l " I S'; i : It i' C-i ciii'1 i hU v I f; i i'lH'ii.S ; I; Vv, i V: ' :; 1 i !.s C-Cn I. VV (- ilo eiiicii I'f i .1: 1.7. liL-ni ,i ii; iijli!!!;; ,]ai-i!)fX Li 1 L` winter V.'ijiJ:.- T H J'.sFl I.-. is ins:-. iii'iSii. !;i *<<: vi*htHi1 ' !! i}>;* rn:ni MenifHM!!;- illc i.Wc) i)i- MijVc ieiys I'hl'iV ill'!': i -17* v lew Is :li j i > i1 siL'i'.'-. i;i ihn )_,j 'o l Os v . L-.ijii i.iutk is iiiiirini.*i;i!y : l sr-i i YVlii. .1 ; , liVl ! ;! Jn t'l.'llluVO vV l ii'll.' : i! I f! :V::Y. Til::!! iiiiisli !-..in ?<: <i-.iv/ti. !ii'h mi!i;; iii'.'.i v;i i- 111 i: i (i: I! s cl.' 111.; I !OiW " I fi< ! : ; knf " liiiiiii!' ; !'(' si ii-::\<-c i ('ii,nci I iicsi. a: i cr (ii \ ii s-..: : i1 =. t i i k i Miii. Ys-iiov,- ' i iK: x'' !-n:;iivi is .ij i; i!;< i L. St 11! S:ii vr, i In- i r::(It- iis i',1 ci; i I Cc; nil in :'i-! i '11. Ki'fiiiisiicr 1 i'csc r!!,;-'riys. "! is I'mi1 li|'-|.`;l|Oi- jLijJl'i U;:j ' s - V-1.::c : . ;i: lie ;: ! i 11 :::.! I: c V i. i jj t./s. ' V/ j j i f si ;11. ,^ik ; t:s:v.' "JNuGreen" fertilizer compound, recently announced by Du Pont, ' '.....' ' ' ' V : offers.'a 'better" wayenrich'iarmlainds.... . . Today the fertilizer industry, the backbone of our country's farm production, has a new product at its command. Farmers are drilling it into the soil, dis tributing it from airplanes, pouring it into irrigation ditches, and even using It in a unique leaf-spray ap plication. It's "NuGreen"--the latest chapter to, the 'story"uf'syatfaitic urea for fertilizers; ; ;; ....; ; ; ......... Bu"Pont"begaiV"8uppIying'nitrogerj"tO"the'fertilizer' industry in .1929 as .an .outgrowth, of its .development.. .work,,,with,,,Mgh-prei8iiim,,metiiocli,,,foi*,laltmg,Jiitmien,, from the air and turning it Into chemically hound-up jnlrugtm.Ktd.uralhclhtswicri.v.iHHi.arutohrpJaidsnciri lots of this element for healthy, abundant growth. One of the first types of synthetic fixed nitrogen to go to the fertilizer trade was anhydrous liquid am monia. In the late 1920s, before the air at the Belle, West Virginia, plant began buzzing with talk of syn thetic urea, the Company was already supplying am monia to manufacturers of mixed fertilizers, ..... Futtragtwo mod "two together* chemists began-to say, "This ammonia we're selling for fertilizer mixtures improves their properties a lot. But extra nitrogen is always welcome. Why don't we take water solutions of ammonia and urea, and substitute them for am monia itself?" Marketed in 1931 'as Urea Ammonia .Liquors, these solutions were the first ammoniating liquors; made; with"m 'fertilizer 'compound 'dissolved; in .them*.They.caught ....on.quickly^......................................... ... 'But..the 'chemists'.had still other...ideaa..on...the'ire,.. .. ;nitrogen source, but we can only dissolve so much of it in UAL, and only so much UAL will combine, with .tlfolSfillizeFilbusfiySsu^.. stop trying to hang urea on ammonia's coattails? It can stand on its own feet as a fertilizer ingredient." So in 1937 they put "Uramon" fertilizer compound on the market. This product, based on crude solid urea, got a prompt- and enthusiastic response. For many years it increased the supply of urea nitrogen available -for"enriching fertilizer mixtures...................................... \v"!k- . ! N' Vv k V !: -l : I ! ' I : . i i !;(- 11 i. : ; : I ! :: : ! 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J. : : .. r i.:. %. ::. ...the......... story..mflm..|o|tar../ciuI-wcMl:fir...ifffl|rIc.; mmbbdng-tlm advantage* af . rayon and nylon- ... "..'................. ...........w ,;w ,..c a iit .................. ..... :.....................: Rain Is news! Moat of us:capitalize on the weather, as a greeting or topic of conversation, and often our remarks reflect gloom when the rain lias dampened more than just our spirits. To keep you drier on the outside, a new rainwear fabric la now in production. Preliminary tests place it in a class by itself. Development work to produce this superior foul- weather" fabric 'imcimded;extensive7experinients;'with'';' ..3Q-differont-,combinatioira-o-'fibem-and--we&veS'-by--the. .Dupkn-Coiporation inconjunction.withLongleaf Mills. Since then, other textile firms have joined in its de velopment and manufacture. The researchers were well rewarded for - their .efforts...One of tlie-expenmeiiarmateiills.combining" rayon and nylon completely out-performed existing rainwear fabrics when subjected to the simulated as sortment of wet weather-"from drizzles to pitch- forks'1 --brewed at will by the laboratory "rain-tester." The rain test is relatively severe and measures a fabric s ability to resist penetration by ram. ft sub ..jects--a--piece -of-doth -to-various-intensities--of--water-- .impact,...To..he..eonmdered.."st(mn...proot"'1 ' Let It pour! This rainwear cloili gista a carefully litnml doun- ing comparable lo a cloudburst. If scientific comparisons on ...llils .`'MlnUtalcrt5 new .rnyiw.iylun...MKli;..conlkeep..you:drier. ."sto>rin"''-expei'are---oa---tlie'-i%aiiji-tester.''-"ft""llgM,""fouri. oun.ce.?.weight.. sample. of . the '..new...rain...fabric, .tMatii:m|hDBPosl..!%eM"....dMabls.renillint..flBiihJ. . resisted ail but three-tenths of a gram of water under for a treated rain fabric of comparable weight. Tough, filament nylon was selected for the fiber weave, horizontally as the filling. ....;..Here,;then, ii"an excellent example' of'how textile research has further capitalized.upoirocharaeteristics" ..ardslof.protection.land. ...comfort.iiilrainwem!.... ... ;.... The., rayon is produced. by. the., .newdirect. spin-.. mug process wnerem j u u j t o o t i^orciurii rii,gn.-^6BBCiCy rayon fibers are converted info yarn in a single con tinuous operation. The resulting spun yarn Is much stronger than conventional ones, and has a high shrink age. When coming into contact with water In the finishing operation, the yarn in this particular fabric construction shrinks about 11 per cent. of-great-importance--in.making the new -iiylon-rayon- ..ramwear.:fabric....M...order...to:.have.:the...liiiished....fabric:.a:.... 42-ihch...wiitlt, for example, it is necessary'to., weave It... approximately 49 inches across the loom instead of the conventional 43 inches. Thia greater width utilizes many'more., nylon"verticabwarp "fibeis"'tha.n:.:offi.firwlse would.be.poistMerTli.result" is.an.extremely'" dense;. compactlywoven cloth ideally suitedfor rainwear. The natural openings in the weave between the nylon and yffal,ji:wrrvrll -UfiPhtoStl'Sc qfetlln"p iinmlnilUiTLf'cii AKnllAuitielgfTlil fIrUi ifeJoliji, wssfor nmo, tration, but permit the material to "breathe" for comfort in wearing. Nylon adds several "extras" to the fabric. This fiber..is.naturally.... tough.and.light-wfcwice ...as..strong ..iid:pnlx...;hiff..ai.heavy.is;....tli.iima.jlii.ilimiisn. wire. It is durable, dimensional stability and dries quickly, - - - - - - - - ... .... :..:if ycli'rh.saying,.."Tilt.sounds..ibo'lbba.to-.Be. 'twi','' you're'''partially"correct,"For' the."iirmecl'''forci8''" '"are"utiMzmg"innch"of"the"fabric"Curreiiily:pdueei-for. officer and enlisted personnel raincoats. The manu facturer tells ns that when you can buy one of these nylon-rayon raincoats, you'll find it moderately priced and in attractive colors. It will weigh less than two pounds, be comfortable to wear, and will give you long, dependable service ... more dependable, in fact, than the...weather itself............................. ;........ .. . "if..ii"^": Here are the reasons... and wlrnil is being clone to relieve the present shortage . When you went shopping recently, you may hare noticed that cellophane was missing from some prod ucts yon normally find packaged in this sparking, transparent' film,""The reason'"is 'simple. Sales of inost.produets haTO incareasedr some quite substan&Ey, but ..production, .of..ceUophane...haa..stayed.About. ..the..same. ;...Afl....a. rgsffit,..many..complines...h^ ' or curtail packaging some of their products in celo- phane -because of the present shortage," and use the film" .that's availalle""whirl lt'wiirdd''fllii.the most good:. Since last winter, the demand for Du Pont cello phane has exceeded our production. And so, beginning in April, the Company placed all customers on alloca tion to assure, them a fair share of our production. phane business constitutes a monopoly and requested that Du Pont be divested of one or more of its existing plants. This Company is resisting this charge ...to "flie"fu.llest'but,""pending the outcame...a.this litiga- .... tion....ifc.'..waslcohsidered..unwise.tQ...go...ahiad;....with..:.tlii... ...proposed, construction,........:............... : ;.;.......However,jDu Pont could not ignore the plight-of. the many ceiiopiiane""users"":wEo"iieeded""niore"'IlS""io" .' expand: their.markets and'w'floailartoliitereit^'others''' ... Iii''tlse'''Man'iifaeture""of""celophane;.It.toolr-niore-thaii"- a year and a-half to find a company able and wiling to invest the approximately 120,000,000 necessary to enter the field on an economically efficient basis, A new plant, designed: and being built by Du Pont for What caused this shortage? The story begins a Olin Industries Inc,, is now under construction at few years ago-when Du Pont foresaw a greater demand . Pisgah. Forest, North Carolina, and all patents , and for'transparent paclaling materials.' 'Users wlfe'.'dis-'' ; / '.'"know-how"; are-being'made -available to them.-it is .tribitttng'mcsre''eelop'liane.'Tapi)ed"procincts"aiid"'adi-........ lioped"'that:"tMs"nW"':pkntF"Witli".a".initial....capacity,,of.. "ing""tlie""filin -to -new--ones." "In-addition, -fiel-serviee aboui-33..million. pounds ...annually,, .will. bejn.produc?... .seiing....was-inaMBg-i*apM....Btridesr...and',eelloph.aiae.lwas.:.. :.iioo.by.tlii...MMd.li....:of....neit;...xiai',..;.;..........;.;....... : called for to display and protect. ..a growing volume, of. '.............In addition, manufacturers of other types of trans .ffierdisiil.iii.sddM ..; ; ;parent.: films- are producing more, and have publicly'"' more ceEopliane would be needed. announced..plans.for.sizable.plait.expansion.within.. As any other company would be expected to do the coming year, under such circumstances, Du Pont planned to build All this makes the picture brighter, and the pres- additional plant capacity--planned to be in operation ent shortage should be easedin the foreseeable future, by mid-1949. Preliminary plans, estimates and inves- Shoppers will again be finding more and more products tigation of plant sites were well under way- when the ' packaged in transparent film, even though the in Department of Justice brought suit in December, .creased film.supply, to wrap these product's does not " 1947."!'It"'charged"that''Du"Pout's 'position inrilie; cello- "; morne; fronr'EhrPont.; - ........ ................... .........H..........y............. .............. ............... ............ ;7:........... ; im.......... ....... ..............................-............ ........"7111.. Building water retention ponds at IIw Pottos new Texas plant,,. part of Company*!! program to eliminate stream pollution. .....are the useless'Hy-p manufacture. Du Pont spends millions in .... cutting down stream pollution and seeking better ways for disposing of this waste By JAMES IL MoCOUMlCK In the flat Texas plain 10 or so miles south of Victoria, a crew set up their rig to drill a well. They weren't after oil or gas--or even water. But downward cut the hit, and; chewed a hole in the' ground'a.'mile deep; If : -Dir Pont"'engineers.are'Tiglitin''their'''giperiments''''aHd.. calculations, they-will be abb"to"pump wastes from thefc..newtplant..iiito.41ieflaferi.mf..saiii...at''theTctttoni^t of the hole..for years, to...come.'.............. ..;..;... Wfg; drilling.isn't.the.usual..appK>adi;,...;but..il. plants must get rid of the useless by-products of their manufacturing processes. Waste disposal poses a lot of $64 questions and is often expensive, but no upto-date manufacturer underestimates its importance. Good community relations depend on it. Du Pont has yet to solve all of its problems, but has made good progress. The Company to .date has spent'more than $18,000,000 at its various'plants to ..dispose of.waste ..products without"harming or 'annoy ..iniJfs.ttiighhors..;...'Wncfc..;at....iiew;...locations...ciE..;.on....new.t. chemical procames is not complete until all questions of waste have been answered to the satisfaction, of the Company and public stream-protection agencies. Older plants continue to work on better ways to avoid pol luting streams or the air. Some wastes, like cooling water, can usually be discharged directly into rivers. - Obnoxious ones are handled in a'dozen other ways,.In deciding what to". ""do.with.. them;..Du'Polt..apples.the.. ilffii.fiiiafcl'" techniques used to develop new 'products,''Scientists ; .continually.try-to-cut-out.useless-,lbj-products,.or to .find, markets ...for them,'Often, waste product*, are. in ..herent.to.a.miiifictiirl!ig....iirac!eii,..however land..a. way must be found to dispose of them. Long before a brick was placed or a piece of ma chinery was bought for the Victoria operation, wastes from the chemical process for nylon intermediates were studied and restudied. Could these by-products be eliminated or reduced? What were their properties? Were they worth anything for some other job? These and 'scores of'oihef'q'iiestioiis.wer'e raised aid answered. i i-. ; IS ' Jm! i ss < Ji -jH-;>! :njh- i'i ui-ii r` \h .\ : Sit ! * < t ;-.y: j tl... \{-\ , \ ,; r( .. ; 1 >< j .. 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' i 1 i S 1; i : IS iftii'S ! 1 )i ip) U' i' Si i.:: i i ii)!'; . . . ikll'i prpOl'SSpM if1.;! 0(;t. if]'! iii:i :! . !< i-'-S Sp.ftii: 1<) hilt id : ;*!; i : - - - i i :iS ! f'r-ii:; pifff.s. \ f.-l'Jt `t:l\ wf N.ft if!-.: I ' 'fflii- : f'f!1 hit- it- S tt'i.lff.i i'lffifl, ' if: \.;, ff, f; t* it ft it 1: li *t ii r,i diff.'i ifiiJffft. iti-.lfitl ft- flfljhfi;. It: h itifti If-tlli':' ii it W i fii.. ill t. -.fiiiidc tsf fifiliF i'or :tn:i i-> f-i-icisti'-t i'iiiJi'i'Lfti ilffCl:- .'llld pill S iiiTi1 :*!'> y>M;#j. U' Itv*K a . *- ; j { j. < t t s taj iif>;< ai : >.--1 . \< {i'r i { : : > >.. : \ r.. *';:}>> \ M t ' i n \ :> ' ? ff i.- ,J :: { : f > ; ,, , : i O1. V- a---:-. :: : i i?:- I; i<:: i i! iv.'S. :;!*M i ! >' . i I it.- .) ;!( ii Ills*.. * I'./i V t ' s i: s . \v j: : * - ih; ''t; i! i ! i i;: ii i! " Vvl'" :u; i:: j , r M: hi t i t i -i:. 5 if i;' 11il<"!ri!r- . ;;Kvi hy i i !<'*;;I ! iu!: ;s!; hi r t f i f.!. I i i M. i'.-iii. \V:!y i i;!.k fKM.'it :: i. t ; f i * - r i:\ s -1 f t j > i :!; 11 ill!-; _v'.':SN.!, As. ! <> i i i S' r>! V: mu' i'i'i'i1. !. i: -.j't; ,:i hi::; > :: `- : `s' i!i;i!i liilv,.- hiiihi'h ;h;Hi:il'>i! . nit ;i in vv'nvi'v .it'onr " \V`rJ(l Wit!' ii. WliViwslHtfo it M'iitit'n*} i iv Ainri1 Oj ;r; i il>; > i v y ! i ; ! >!i:: ii; i w. til'' k;ii:i l.ji.i!. {1>'1: is hi if. : i i i lilt: !>> i!>ii:t;. Ilf' hh fW.'i'iii hiipjiiy. \! 1 i 111:!.- i \ (il :i i i l i.( iili I i Mil i hi: .. i'i.iihi'-'i.'i'V hi1'.! ,;;isi ihhhhi -`ihSii:!:,! !.,! hi : ! i i. : hi.i U'f hh: hii l.ilj'.'r'.'; t i, il ! (!i;v: : 1 i ii r 1 i / : i ; i : i:: I i !i' Ini' ilii'j,. Aih'ib,-;' 'hi '..! ii ii! iyi:"' ! i : i \ U;f- [ juilMMi;; nrv'iS >(>' sp. yt'n ynivf'ilt TV'-nvi'!'V irn!i-. 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V ' . : 4 `rv;t * s 4 "in itiffht-4 i-ft 44!fii4-*- ttv'iV : : i- H i ! i i i i i S i ` i i Si i s ft S i i i t i l /r<7f titr ftrr\ :?/ frt f r /; . \ii ni* I: i*. \ \t / A i ' :: ;. '.!> : I: > .;i : ': UJ: J'.'i ! ' i :: K \'< - l i S' j ' i:'! !: !"< \ <<'!>7,\ :s : !!,;!!'(!'': j i U : : : s' l; i llSV !*.<'< }'!' `M-' -1: I i! 1:: 11 ; | i \u ` I'.i -S!!IV i :: - i I i * i- Ai1 '!\ i ! \ t ! it * :: i i : it i~\; i-':'i :?i JS~:. i i `i *' M : l S ! i\iJ . \ li*' i'r* i !*' iii ! !;\ i . s::s. :L 1 1 :: r<'i\Ci L i < j i [s-v, i: '.`.sS vV : \b.- lllr ii{> Isl'.S .! ,'ih'U.' t '{ i > V i; 111 i v ' In' i';iS-V S;: ipj IKS - !, /v-\`i } ; i | iwis:!.' m{ I! if I a >Y i :1 i ilr si :rjvs :\)'r I i * i ^ iV;i !fii' > ii` ;i: :ic1 iI ::>yriv\ t ;ir- r;iif wo '.i: Ir-= i i\~> I'Ji< ii Ji; ;i !. M` i hr }k `S{' :tnl :h.; !sr..' t i ; {- .. iil! i! trJ.h r;if!;; !! ;::J:! 1 i! i cjiiS 1 i't Jill .i vviiij. .'if i \>\ , > : ici .. i 1 111! 1 : III l I! ; lyin' ' ` .i i ns i i ! ! ; ! i i V iiic :il ?' ii i 111' :J i! iH > i. '. i"i11jy ;i; 'f iil'il V r? H.-lii'j t ' > \V ! i i iid ! 1: \ i- :< sl i r '.viii;! 'i i - ;; ii: i1 < !1 V,-i ii id. is i ; l! ! 'I'i !'! ii.ii : i \ ; i V 1 i: :*!!! liir, . ' \ i ; :i.'! 1 r;;ii i x s l'.1'! 1 l(' <! : v: i. 1:IV ; i i li i S . ! \V . Il'hi'iV. s.ir v, ii.v i! ;(* ! 1.i: it: i r\ I in:;! i-i ! i !"#.;! ij ill i ? i J i ::ii ii - w i i I l iiiiiiii' c<\ 1 i> l>S |i! ' ! .! V-. (\i i I h -?', ih;- : !:ir-H !,< Vvliii ii)',1-'.-. ti! -Li uii.L1' 1' :| :** i I I'ii si! ii'i s iviilnvt Hi. \ . L.-i i !ii lie ! ;i!' i'i l i.li I i - ; u i r J u x'f i ii1 1 ' :>! ily.ci' i! Engineers at a Buffalo, N. aeronautical labora tory designed and built the first experimental radoine of this type. They selected a neoprene-coated glass fabric because of its favorable dielectric properties, its ability to withstand temperatures ranging from -85 to +140P. Moreover, it bad good weathering quali ties'and resistance to'sunlight, and'wee unharmed .by. . :.coiitaet...witIi....ciils....ani....grfiase:that ...might ...be:, spattered. on it whUe servicing equipment. Throughout the winter of1948-49 thisradome stood the buffeting ofhigh winds, sleet, ice and-snow--and came through undamaged. . " ' Radomaalate liflbtiB by 'means of an air Mower, .The' men"who"work"inside"are 'admitted'through a tun nel equipped with an air-lock consisting of two doors, one of which is closed before the other is opened. Alio In service is a smaller portable unit known as the Quonset-type pneumatic hut. Like the radome, this hut has no internal braces; it is supported by air pressure alone. In this construction, however, air is .pumped between., an...Inner.and outer layer of fabric, ...lhl?*i.l.foithir....MSl.40..to; 60 interioeMrig; fireada ;a. Ai/miliisnlifari.iff^tnjj | , 25 lsltk%n.? ymy^iislnijmn l| 4n% Hf-ubsns 1nrexl %A,=%M/*n*i1m.p l.put.i*.f8l. itiiF4fL-Mf.Ml,i IIiSimS '"c^j^rEmetU^ A. pii0i.iiJiish0 costed 'with s ilsiniasiiucl to withstand extreme cold, keeps iwiipnnts warm and dry. This portable shcslttii Ic mj Isl s lik@ mi Esltiiiici s mill was unharmed by IK) mpli winds during tests In Aleutians. square inch. The dead air space between provides ex cellent insulation. Both the floor and superstructure sections are coated with a low-temperature neoprene - compound that will 'Withstand-arctic ''exposures. Five .... aH"ulg J.*!/- 'SctuJavL/MHJhJi'lAfcTj...i..e.Onrliitf?* i-fvrytl*....Wi'Titu?a....HfirOwOtF*y..feiUanOnlM'lhijda',^....i'fvi-'n**....f--liia door,..and .three other..wall.and rooflimiflaabound..to-. - IjCyIiiiOg Jv .- txWA1"jH""h1ntM'mi'ona aLmcInlJocnltI'L.wi'sIliiTclrUelx?nUr%LJJ TLt-ll^lifSa tlniU'i'wl' * liKFHH**e* ll inflated with as little as fori pounds air pressure, tie ."hut assembly supports its own weight, With-32 pounds air pressure, the inflated inch-thick walls will hold up a weight of 500 pounds, and when anchored properly with guy ropes, this hut is strong enough to withstand a 100-mile wind. It" can be blown up frith hand pumps in about three minutes. Considering that all voids between the fabric layers are filled with dead air of high insulating ..value,, a "hut .of-tha-type. affords .comfortable ...quarters for four men. As the illustration shows, provision is also made for light and ventilation. The pneumatic hut is particularly well fitted to meet- the 'emergency needs' of 'airmen or-other- Bill- .....tItlolXFiTVy JnJPfcIs'&J,rSttrUmilflidci.-oHiUy %tlrul1 /1 -LinO Fl-jo, aw'dif* i*CTirvna TJi,b ha .been sente tested, in .the Aleutians., under:.rain, bail, snow and high wind conditions with highly satisfacj- tory results. - TSfoAnFonfi r*vntjoeif.otcrui iOLLfij l At . flelt'JrLpL5o?rialuv.jf Tjtioiairvnta? a < irgra-ci<iiaf.ti ..liIfiy''iifllstrlilapplic&tiolir'Blt'Bow''tKiy'Ife'cbiifilf" into a relatively new field ns structural materials for various types of inflatable houses that are easy to prefabricate, assemble and transport. Their sheltering role for.the armed forces suggests uses for industry such as temporary field headquarters for building con- Ijfa'Vc'CHij/'vLfOrivAei?Si aoJlL-Iita#Jl-LF1oft?i'IC. E!u Afl-'-Uvtl* |Jv/I WS*! lc 11 dQlTlu*r.l ot5Virto?*i.*i. U*1 Ulc JuO . housing..' for construction... crews................... .............. OO J .Waal A UHioi' v ..oiiliiiiiau:-- iiicaah >\ s U:u k a*> ! aa iiu at! t ha fabrics--to give Junior his full title--"definitely in terested" them in its possibilities for their own plants, Stevenson says, Kerriglen, a relatively small cotton print shop em ploying 75 men, has been the proving ground for the jiUnXTUTUirJttL* i/WU-btaalgcft?i UMjdUl Ic*atnlig(tea UpleanYrtnSttifUiTpseoUA, JirUvXinJX+MltyJ HUtjr Du Pont and-H. W. Butterworth .and,Sons, maimfao-.. ..4..-.iliAyB>iii.b-y*iidASA.. -P +v+-|l#a ma rHiin o t yo i.......................................................... ........The junior range, which comes in either a two- aolMhrai-rgrc OX cDniviilgn?llco .HcHv-calrgrot;. 'rIaIlirOv/O'lrfcallj iloa -M1-all-iiUl rXiwOvOl: +L-/O\ f1l1.+1> Wlc Tilt^J-nU-fUirlBg .of.the.small.fertilel'mil!" operator 7just..as'Its..larger... ' |JlOtlCvcSISvi Woa. .Clcvfc?10|Jt<0.fifli-l TLQ/jQ!p>ijQ. ' fPrtj'f TAfJlnU"",TJ*T^Avnlt+lr; ''tWirf1+L'1ih1 .the"mass'"proiiicer'iir"iiiiiid',................................................ 1jfQ--%4joT/i>.or\rtsJ ,eTlijTurtii*iroir# ML-cmtoPie itSi1ilortrxiciige, TrLJkcr *eaii,*rvjigfFi1leian .Txf*ruvuitvii*q/! i*ix4,- non- economical to bleach its own material because the shop's small volume did not warrant a large invest ment, Since the installation, as Stevenson told his foreign visitors, the plant has been saving 30 per cent on the cost of the vital bleaching process. The Provi- .. cleric, mill. men. coniicler. the. new system, an uncpalt- .fied..8ucoeBS..;;.;......... ;..;........ .......... ;..;.;.......;..;.;.......;..;.;.... Colton fabric comes from the loom to Keraglen and'.other' finishing plants as .gray goods. "It is"loaded... .wteMmpffiMei--startiies' and waxes--tfcat"imst"bi"iS-... IlilivcU "UhctaJFiiJ/tl fc*?-Awllilofc.t CIaUXUH1 nVoan.ll -VLHuii HIMliateJicHllvi4IWltJ*tll aWi-lHWkljtcSnJr XXnijif*. .printmg,or,for,maiiufaetie:,ito,wMte..gooiBi................. Older systems were slow and costly. They in volved boiling the fabric for many hours in a large vat filled with caustic solution, and treating it again in a chlorine mix. The first step removed most of the starches and impurities; the second bleached the doth. The two-stage system developed 11 years ago carried..ia endless length offabricmecliaiiically through.. Tills picture unci tine one on the facing page show ivui vims of''Junior" Continuous Bleach System in operation, Omni n<-r ...wya it... *<! also. jit* * ^"4 f. both the cleaning and bleaching stages, and substi tuted hydrogen peroxide from. Du Pout's Electrochem icals Department for .the chlorine solution.. The new piled""iip'."in.fir '26-foot-Mgir"column.where it remains .system"'represented.ii""iaviiig'"iii.time,..manpower "ailt... .. :fei!..aii4ious.while4he.oai*itie.tooseiiS"tlie.frip..of"Objee-"" materials, mnel" a" "75 "per cent "saving "in'"floor "Space,... ... tionahlft imptmtieH. Two more washes, a.soaMnginJlie. ......... Smcethenprod action on thestandard-large-ranges... ...;P!S1 OXlut& DElllXi <111,0, it lb |JlMJu into E 30O011CI %fiji..COltUiUl. has been stepped up from 1,500 to more than 8,000 for an hour of bleaching. Two rinses after that and pounds of fabric an hour, A towel mill, for example, it streams out of the range snowy white, ready for running its range five days a week around the clock, drying and printing. . can bleach 1,200,000 towels. The arrival of the junior ' Stevenson and his plant superintendent, Stephen range means that similar economies are now within J. Bercen, agree- on the virtues of the unit. They point the reach of the operator who wants to bleach only out that one man operates it, while, two or more are 500 to 1,000..pounds an hour,......................; ;........ ; required, on conventional ranges. Compared, to Mer ; bleaching,' they; say, "the"ifstem" saves tip'to 75 per t KUUkSaL>tr Or 1 AliKlL blMi JLIr libII . ...;...... At..Sin|g|eB,....itii ...iodii...are..M...iftitilxithrGigli a succession of processes in one continuous length. The cloth whines past on open gas lam.that Binges ....d o '' Ai'Hay*AAXvX/v"hArrp%JcJf 1oUc i1il^nv?i2-nr>\"A"aXXMrilJae<AIIXfXnHoc.lr.A.cJ_r1iAIgvifaiArAvAiXftAAA*AlAiA&AA4 bAil-H*av AAXSi** solves the starches, and then moves on to the bleaching unit in the next room through an overhead poteye. There it feeds into the open end of a U-shaped ...cent.in.steam ""and..10""per.cent.in- 'chemicals,.and.is. four times as fast.............................................................. .:..:.:..... So far they have1 been bleaching'moatly Mi x 10. .. vAr' pnilli C0 1 EllQ.0,0,% 066D. yOOn.Ulg IX OUli ftXm j/IK -r-Vt+'J-*-*4" n!rtU'li -nth A Kmart 4- iviT\ ^ n*, rt* 4- a .i 4- " rt*J- -the rate of from 500 to 1,000 pounds an hour, Bercen oaiio ma 'kawia dlllliirn tltiaf' fnf-ia rict-n "Ha, odjo t?A,|Jc?Oi4*CAiiuP i.lX> t? oilUU ylicty WAC J,aw wtaM UCf stepped up appreciably--with no loss of quality--if lighter material Is put through. Both men speak with the authority of almost 30 years in the textile trade. pipe partially filled with hot water and is squeezed out at the other end through a wringer. It is washed All m oil 14* ntA I'rt jrjJLI. *44 O.JJ.J 4 y CAUiULQ l4||-r W (All. 44441^* <2*51254 V fnr lytrvJLU. twi Junior, which has yet to see its first birthday, and it again in a second U-pipe, soaked with caustic solution establishes the newcomer as it worthy member of the " iii"a third, heated m-a special steaming tuba and then ...family 'whieh"StemS"froiir"Dii"Pontt research.................. Mj " BP mmm HnH P-- ft til: .-f f l/i a .w iltr iiii/iii'i' i,t<!ilS it 1 I.1-: tri'i-rc/riri< it a' f. sr-uuss lunuhru n i;. ftitM-.H /iiiu.'hi; iilr Otijl'l'ilH i i : i <!' !l'*w*.S. t Uv Slti!it; c u iiPo !<ih Im uni probably iiu: worst. Vi it I lit- skual mini' i:iiS ii:.- smoii "'! ! :.f if;I cs;:s s'.'s. ly nica CArao'ipii';' !iir>i ;"! II suit ii !' i or ;! Mit >1 it)! II if :(<'U( tVT * ) liiisiiM!' .!! .' V-,': ii'i: Vv!l;l :! Ill'll! i'l.ii th;.! WS! MMpi; V.' i! ! . I ip :!!l ill" Si: Iif. . iv;: i i i M i:; Mi : i fii .p M'MiO -H'ii ' I a ' >'!! 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'I ,Y-j-( hSosi i s l i i;' :-i i!>ii i;i h.- !!'.;:! ii).iil sisiii-;- ii lo-Oil I hi- i.sS ! !" ! ii I S is. MORI NYLON YARN. Du Pont lias taken an op tion on a new nylon plant site of 835 awes between Kingston and Graingers, North Carolina. If the plant is completed In 1862, as planned, it will provide a large'" additional: 'capacity "'for"".IHs'.'.' yam.ari'd"."pr6vide"V ""alscpt..1,200.newypbs.;.In..the.meantime,.. however,. construction workers are.building additional.nylon .manufacturing..adlities..:...at..Seafoid,...:.Bekware,..and-'. Chattanooga,. Tennessee, ....................:..... '.........;..:.......:... * "FREON" 12 AND "FREON" 114fluorinated hydro carbon refrigerants are being packaged In one-pound cans that contain enough to recharge a home refriger ator and may be thrown away after use. The refrigerant is pacIagerilf'.the.Eston'Clieinical Company,"31001: '20th'"Street',""tos'"Angelei";23',""Cal;',":'a"'distiibmtor"for"tlie.. "Kinetic".Chemicals- Division-of -Dm -Pant's "'Organic' . Chemicals Department,l.ltepairmeii..nallongcr1.need:. to.canty along heavy.pylinfleii of the refrigerant when making service calls where small amounts of refriger ants are" needed.................................................................... NEW CANVAS FOR ARTISTS. Continuous-fila ment "Orion" acrylic fiber is now being woven into ..canvas.that' is--expected'-ta -haw a- service-life- many. ..tiiiigs.longei*.thaii.Jypea..availaHe.iii.tlie.past,^ItIs..iiofcl. .subject. to.,degradatlon.from...mbld..pr....niiiew; gild the;. ..smooth, ; surface.helps..to ;bring.out..live,; pure color"tones. This canvas,-made by Aoritex, Inc., '' hy"arMsts,"iticl' 'restorers'"of"ii"oM"'paiittinp.. FOR CAR CARE. A 43-page illustrated book, "The Serviceman's Manual on the Automotive Cooling Sys tem," helps dealers put car cooling systems in top shape for .winter-and summer driving. It is soli by `"Zerone"-4`Zerex" antifreeze jobbers to automobile servicemen*................................ .................................. sponge yarn, can be wrung out by twisting a handle at the top. .Tills, of course, keeps the hands dry. Du Pont sponge yarn is ideal because it absorbs two to three times as much water as ordinary mops, rinses clean, and does not develop a sour odor. The mop is made in Warren,.. Ohio,..by. the-Parker .Manufacturing....Ca. ' I Y T6j 1 JtL^ j l ... . . CONSTRUC'HGN..of..a..new..writ.of..the.May. Plant at Camden, South Carolina, is now underway? This plant for manufacturing "Orion" acrylic fiber in staple form will create about 1,000 new jobs when completed. . 7'",..'"SPRAYING.F0RMALBEI3E'"0n'"eenapmeiit'," benches,1.walls,.floors,...and. .ceilings ..of. oyster..packing. ...houses.eoatroli.llfoiiik.yeast,".a.J.iingtis.lwM'fihj..giifli^..' the oysters an unattractive pink color and makes them less valuable? ' ... A COMPLETE LINE of ammunition for lawenforcement agencies is made by the Peters Cartridge Division of the Remington Arms Co., Inc.? Included are the well-known "Police Match" 22, 32, 38 and 45 'caliberpstolandrevQlver'cartridges. : ........:'''......... eoISri--villow* coral, jsfTson and fo odiiipfiiSfeiiit " tile" color' "sctomierof"bathroonii;"ancl'.'"kitchens? 'These / .new..sponges..are..softer.in..texture..than..EhrPent's- present-line- of..sponges...................................................... .'AMONG.THE EARLY '"Cavalcade playenTwlm .lmve'sinee'aohiwei'''lame':are''ApMH''Mt)Creheai','"Kenny" Delmar, 'Orson"'Welles and"'Richard-"Widmark?......... . . NEARLY HALF of the manufacturing establish ments m the United States employ less than 10 per- s * .,*.* i j-** . t y-w Trig t MB CdMli, fHhIMo I\JhUnll+rtSaMn hN?ltatvrfSte IV'ColtIioeUiiQc UHUni^iWASWiii rJa.Csi|rJ*nM'W1 'Mi"e, ....'''.''THB''PIRST"EFPORT"K"illpi'c>'fI'"Amificll"wool. -- "to render it'more fit for superfine fabrics"--was made about 1801 when E. I. in Pont de Nemours, founder of this Company, and a French banker, Mr. Delessert, brought to this country a full-blooded ram named Don Pedro? This can be taken, says the Amer ican Wool Handbook, as the beginning of better blood lines-in .American-sheen. ... SIR HUMPHREY DAVY'S DISCOVERY that the tannin In oak bark was the substance that changed hides and skins to leather was the first scientific step Im-the. tanning.,industry?................................................ [32 J From "Fabrikoid" cover to "Fabrikoid" cover, this history is a candidate for An important event in the publishing business took place recently with the printing of "LIFE'S Picture History of World War II." Nearly half a million copies have already been sold to Time-Life subscribers, neces sitating the largest first' printing in the history of book publishing. The 376-page volume combines the vividness of the camera, the authority of history and the inter pretation of experts. It is the story of the great conflict, from Britain's desperate, lone stand against the Wehrmacht, through the dark succession of Japanese con quests, to the climax of Normandy. A staff of 18 editors, artists, writers and research ers began work on the volume last March. Some of the facts and many of the pictures have never before been published. Nearly half a million illustrations were reviewed before about 1,000 were selected. In cluded among the 64 pages of full color pictures are reproductions of paintings captured from the enemy. Knowing that such a book will be an important I 33 I part of home reference libraries, the publishers chose a binding for its durability as well as appearance . . . Du Pont "Fabrikoid" pyroxylin coated fabric. It was chosen for the library edition because "Fabrikoid" stands up so well under repeated handling without showing wear, and it has frequently been chosen for bindings of dictionaries, histories, encyclopedias and other reference books. From all indications this im portant volume will be in use for a long time -- and "Fabrikoid" will protect its appearance just as long. Colors that Start Bright and Stay Bright Colors that keep their original bright shades during the life of the garment give real customer satisfaction. That is why more and more fabrics are being dyed or printed with lasting Du Pont vat and other fast colors. These colors keep their newness through laundering ... dry cleaning ... exposure to sunlight. Whenever you have a dyeing problem, come to Du Pont. The Technical Staff is ready to help you select the proper dye for full fabric serviceability. DUPONT DE NEMOURS & CO. (Inc.), DYESTUFFS DIVISION Wilmington 98, Delaware HfC.U.S.PAT.Off. BETTER THINGS FOR BETTER LIVING , . . THROUGH CHEMISTRY