Document zQbKpNDmmwZea0x9jBa462Bw7

LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION I to. T- "S'.-: pmJl BaHery powered mail truck making its rounds in the Equitable Life Assurance Society's headquarters. A fleet of 20 of these trucks speeds mol from a vertical conveyor system to departments on each floor. Safe, silent operation increases delivery efficiency without distracting noised Safe, speedy, silent... THE OFFICE MAIL TRUCK A fleet of 20 delivery trucks pow ered by lead-acid batteries now han dles the vast flow of mail in Equitable Life Assurance Society's 42-story of fice building in New T ork Cit\. The batterv trucks move quietlv along the aisles among Equitable em ployees delivering masses of manu scripts and correspondence: one dav's volume is often greater than that han dled by the post offices in manv Amer ican cities. The trucks operate on the floors where the paper traffic load is greatest and move paperwork to and from sta tions of a large vertical convevor svstem to work stations on the floor. ^Tien Equitable engineers selected the battery trucks for horizontal mail distribution they required a mechani cal system capable of covering the 400 ft x 200 ft areas, continuouslv moving among personnel without cre ating hazards or undue distraction, and capable of being operated by in experienced personnel. Design and construction simplicitv was the guide followed by engineers of the Automatic Division of Yale and Towne Manufacturing Companv in designing the trucks for the Equi table system. The truck, called Mode! MT. is 58 in. long. 26 in. w ide w ith a load platform 44 in. long, and weighs 920 lb. It is powered by two automo tive-type batteries located under the platform with an integral charger so that the truck can be recharged from standard 110 volt wall outlets. A hinged cover similar to a car hood permits inspecting and servicing. The simplified controls consist of one lever for forward and reverse and a pedal for speed, coasting and brake. The truck is geared so that 3 mph maximum speed is sufficiently discreet for operating in aisles and corridors among personnel. One of the chief virtues of the truck is the inherently quiet operation of the battery drive. Other design inno vations that further reduce distracting noises are chimes instead of the stan dard horn, and a sound absorbent lin ing in the drive unit compartment. For safety's sake the operator is lo cated at the front of the truck to im prove his field of vision, particularly when turning corners. The hub of the platform truck-convevor system at Equitable is the pri mary mail room on the 4th floor where all incoming and outgoing mail is! processed. Secondary mail roomsj connected to the main room by verti-1 cal convevors receive and distribute! mail and other documents to work* areas or to other mail looms for fur-< ther distribution. In the mail rooms the paper is] sorted according to size, shape and] destination, put into metal tray stuffers which are fastened to the truck] platform. The truck then proceeds through tlie6-ft 10-in. corridors to dis tribute the material. Stations for mail [ drop and pickup are located at the] aisles of each department so that the! operator does not have to enter actual j work areas. The system, in operation for almost a year, is said by Equitable engineers] to have more than fulfilled their ex- ] pectations. Not onlv have the trucks] provided a fast and efficient paper j handling system, but some of the | work force has been released for other j duties, productivity has risen, and morning mail arrives in each depart ment an hour earlier than w ith the ] previous system; a truly important i factor for a worldwide organization such as Equitable. LI A 2 6 2 93 I Lead Glazes Find A Place in the Sun rLAY MASONRY SCREENS, or solar screens, are not new. Many centuries have passed since some clever chap first devised the archetype solar screen -- a stone grille-work which shaded his hut or den, yet in vited every vagrant breeze. But, something more than just shade and openings for wind passage is required of today's solar screen. To be successful with architects and builders, it must be as distinctive as a signature; it must be colorful; it must have architectural warmth; and above all, it must withstand the ele ments -- rain, snow, hail, frost and summer sun. Just such an exciting new lead glazed solar screen is now avail able as a creative tool for architects and designers. It is manufactured byCharleston Clay Products Co., Charles ton, West Virginia. Charleston's President, R. H. Saun ders, calls the design "a modified `eggcrate,' which provides for almost limitless bonding-pattem variations." Every one of these unique one-footsquare vitreous clay screens is coated with a sleek lead-bearing glaze which converts the clay body from its natural color to any of 13 bright hues. An unusual and attractive installa tion of this solar screen was the use of a special pure white glazed unit on the married students' apartments at Kent State University, Kent, Ohio. This glaze, plus all the other glazes applied on Mr. Saunders' products, contain lead. Lead is a very important component of vitreous clay ware glazes. It is generally added as a fritted product. Le 'd aids in melting the other glass materials found in the glaze. It also imparts low surface ten sion and low viscosity over a wide temperature range, which results in greater brilliance, luster and smooth ness in the glaze. Low viscosity makes the glaze more foolproof and helps it to cover blemishes and defects more readily. The installation is shown above. Over 4200 units of the Charleston Solar Screen were used in construc tion of the married students' apart ments at Kent State. These five Lshaped apartments are a part of a Kent State building program that, since the end of World War II, has cost nearly $32,000,000. Most recently completed buildings in the project, these apartments are a standout on K.S.U.'s 536 acre cam pus. Constructed by Steinle-Wolfe, of Fremont, Ohio, these buildings will house 100 families. Cost per family, per month: $90, including all utilities except telephones. By placing the solar screen units along the sides of each wing, the architects have afforded the apartment dwellers a visual angle of cutoff sufficient to give privacywhile providing for the movement of cooling breezes in summer and a pleasing aesthetic cover for the stair well. Architects for the married stu dents' apartments were Fulton, Dela Motte, Larson, Nassau and Associates, of Cleveland. Mr. Saunders points out that his lead glazed solar screen has been used for such diverse applications as bell tower or carillon enclosures, air con ditioner and ventilator housings (for the tops of buildings), patio and car port enclosures, and even inside for interior room dividers. --3-- LI A26294 Unusual ridges and elevations in the roof of the Waikiki Beach Center, with deep V shapes, are accentuated by the lines of the seam construction. Architects are Dennis & Slavsky. Terne metal in all buildings by Follansbee Steel Corporation, Follansbee, West Virginia. Three section home by architect Takashi Anbe achieves design coordination through use of a terne metal roof connecting the sec tions. The central section is hexagonal in shape and the side areas are square. The standing seams on the roof also emphasize the horizontal lines of the house. Here is how three architects use tradi. tional terne (steel coated with lead-tin alloy) to get a contemporary effect with striking lateral lines. The effect is achieved with vertical standing seams on the Arena Theater and the Beach Center and with horizontal standing seams on the residence. One of the significant advantages of terne for these buildings in Hawaii and Wash ington, D. C. is that when painted with a light color the lead-coated steel can reflect as much as 75 percent of the sun's heat. Eleven thousand square feet of terne roof ing grace the new theater-in-the-round in Washington, D. C. Architect Harry Weese selected terne for the Arena Stage building because its formability facilitates the cre ation of strong shadow lines. Look Ahead with Lead LIA2 629 When the Puritans first settled in what was to become the city of Boston chose a peninsula in Boston har bor connected to the mainland of Mas "S sachusetts by a narrow neck of swamp -I' land periodically inundated by the tide. In the latter part of the last cen tury this neck of land was filled in. -*'3 1 creating what is known as a part of the Back Bay section of Boston. For many years it was occupied by rail I road yards and related dependencies _a blighted area in the backwash of l- ' a big city. Recently the thirty-three odd acres comprising this section have come ali\e with tremendous activity. Al n though the main line tracks of the New York Central Railroad remain, the muddy yards, stagnant areas and dank buildings haye disappeared. The entire section is now being developed b\ the Prudential Insurance Company of America, supervised by the Boston Redevelopment Authority under the Massachusetts urban redevelopment law. The site will eventually be occupied by a complex of buildings and plazas creating almost a city within a city. The tallest office building in the world outside New York City will be one of the seven buildings to be built in cluding a bank, four commercial buildings, a hotel and an auditorium to be built by the City of Boston. The remaining 75% of the property will be devoted to an elevated plaza containing walkways, landscaped ter races, pools and planted areas. The elevated plaza will be at a height sufficient to provide clearance for easements below' -- notably the railroad right-of-way. Once clearances had been established, the architects: Charles Luckman Associates, in con sultation with the firm of Bolt, Beranek and Newman of Boston, were faced with a vibration problem of some magnitude. Not only do trains pass diagonally through the entire propert) on the mainline tracks of the New York Central but trucks and motor cars will eventually add their share of resonant traffic disturbance over an adjoining extension of a Massachu setts Turnpike Authority roadway. The solution, unique in the annals of vibration control, was the installa tion of "ribbons'' of lead-asbestos vi bration pads -- hundreds of feet of them. For some five hundred feet the railroad is flanked by retaining walls into which, on either side of the tracks, concrete floor slabs will be framed and on top of which roof beams spanning the tracks will rest. To accommodate the floor slabs, two thicknesses of one inch thick lead-asbestos pads were laid continuously on a shelf in the walls. Floor slabs were then poured to rest on top of them. Each pad. one inch thick, was six inches wide to pro vide bearing surface, and approxi mately five hundred feet long. In addition more than one hundred fifty smaller pads were used, in thick nesses totaling two inches, under bear ing plates for roof beams and girders spanning the tracks. The result of course is that from no point on either retaining wall can vibration pass into the buildings, floors or roofs on either side. Vibration has once again been "stopped dead at the tracks." Close up of the floor slob resting on two layers of leod-asbestos pads. The hand-held sample has been cut away to show its construction. DETAIL OF STRUCTURE AT RAILROAD RIGHT-OF-WAY . Scale i--i = r-tr --5-- LI A 2 6 2 9 QUIET!... Lead at Work Thin sheet lead converts a work cubicle into a "quiet room" for critical noise measurements at Franklin Institute Labs *. Like many another research organi ing privacy and to keep the projects y2 furring strips were position zation The Franklin Institute in Phil separate from one another, the parti over the first set and carried adelphia bustles with a variety of proj tions between workrooms were V2" wood as a structural face. The ects these days. It is typical that when one project is completed, a new one in an unrelated field claims the lab space it occupied. Usually this is no problem. Water and gas lines, com pressed air, and electric power can be piped and wired to the lab space as required. But when a recent project required a relatively quiet environ ment for noise tests of bearings, there was no such simple way out. More precisely, this was the prob lem faced by Senior Staff Engineer Harry Rippel of the Franklin Insti plasterboard nailed to 2 x 4" studs. A ceiling of the same material had been nailed to 2 x 8" ceiling joists. Light ing and electrical fixtures, piping, and air conditioning had required pierc ing the walls. And while the finished workrooms were neat and liveable, there was a very limited degree of acoustical isolation between them. The task of bringing this sort of a room up to critical acoustic performance by conventional methods appeared to be rather difficult. rior finish of all walls, and ceilin" acoustic tile to make the rooir "dead as possible. A separate detail, worked out the ceiling, called for Vo" plyw laid over the bare joists I there wa floor above) and covered with paper. On top of the tarpaper, technicians, who carried out the struction. dumped two inches of sand. Sand was also dumped troughs over the partitions and ir series of pockets formed bv na plywood on IV2" furring on the tute Laboratories: He had been as facing the common work area. signed responsibility for a project to measure the noise created by "noise Lead Offers Possibility Since even small openings can mit great amounts of noise, attention 1 less" bearings under a varietv of op Being familiar with the field of to minor details in the constructiol *i erating speeds and loads. The space acoustics, the laboratory staff knew of was meticulous. For one thing, all tht* Ri available for the project was a work recent developments in using thin new construction was footed on fnarf udi room measuring 13'6" x 9'6" and sheet lead as an acoustical barrier. rubber strip where walls joined the" ;n. having a 10' ceiling. The room was Lead's combination of density, or floor. This insured that no gapinf ,pi part of a larger bay, 25' high and mass, with very low stiffness makes it cracks would exist. The studs were o b <ta housing a general work area. Among a theoretically ideal material for conventional 16" centers and for prc o d3 the noise sources were normal traffic blocking sound. In fact, theory shows venience the lead was purchased iij ri* and conversation of staff members, that sheet lead should have a higher rolls 18" wide. The seams were madtl'in occasional light sheet metal work, air transmission loss than any other sheet by nailing the first strip of lead tof iso; conditioning, machinery under test -- material of the same weight or thick studs, then buttering the surface witij dm running continuouslv -- and occa ness. But lead had not been widely used a lead-loaded soft plastic trowellinAiie! sional operation of a very large air in this way and there were no data material to insure sealing and uni-, dir compressor. available on how well the theory might form high mass. Finally, the next lead His choice was either to build new be translated into hard fact. strip was lapped over the stud face^ the acoustical facilities from scratch -- Calling on the lead industry for sug bedded in the trowelling compound^ >ra] an exceedingly expensive solution, gestions and advice, Mr. Rippel ar and nailed down. `b especially in center-city Philadelphia rived at a design using 1/16" lead The same plastic material, Actroi|| den where real estate is at a premium -- sheet spaced off from the plasterboard was used to seal all w'all openings foM"" as or somehow to upgrade the existing wall by %" furring strips positioned electrical service and piping. Oil, d*i ttm workroom. On the face of it, neither over the existing studs. Because instru livered for pressure lubrication of tWj !nt( possibility was attractive. mentation and piping had to be borne test device bearings and the bearing*) ond I Designed only for minimum work on the inside wall surfaces, additional under test, was brousrht in througk wcl --6-- LI A26297 This Is the estimated transmission loss achieved by the leaded wall. The minor differences between it and noise reduction curve shown in figure 2 are that this curve is corrected for the sound that leaked around the wall (chiefly through the air conditioning duct) but does not include the effect of the acous tic tile finish of the room. The "Quiet room" at the Franklin Institute Laboratories. Thin lead sheet in the walls added 13 deci bels of quiet to permit critical noise tests of bearings. V** 60 50 ESTIMATE OF TRANSMISSION LOSS FOR PLASTERBOARD AND SHEET LEAD-- WALL WITHOUT FLANKING 40 30 20 2x4 studs 16" O.C.- t T% 10 TTT -Acoustic tile finish ZJ-- --7-Vi" plasterboard i i'r lb. (Vis") sheet lead I( ' %" fir plywood -- 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 Frequency cycles per second jjjible tubing from a shock mounted this amount of improvement tinned for the walls, it became evi- that the conventional flush door ^eld represent a serious noise leak. block this noise path, The Instigie procured an X-Ray door with a ^re of 12 lb/sq ft lead. There was pod precedent for this: broadcasting p,dio doors at Radio City have a simJtr construction. Soft plastic gaskets itrt used on all sides of the door so jlul when it was closed no free path austed between the inside and outside. After the construction had been completed, it was evident that an im pressive improvement had been attiined. Just about everyone wbo railed the "quiet room" was struck with the peculiar dead quiet. Harry Rippel put his finger on the sensation hen he said. "When you enter that room. vou can feel the silence." De cile this, it w as carefully inspected by stiff members and others who literally prowled the room with their ears rocked for any leaks or source of wind. Three such leaky points were olated -- improper sealing of the door gaskets, broken plasterboard and by (hnt lead around an air conditioning duct, and the sheet metal duct itself. Adjustment and resealing remedied first two. The duct was more critint ^ Because (as test results later dx>*'ed) the room exceeded minimum ^donands for acoustical isolation, it decided to apply only a partial *edy to the duct leak. It was there at *** covered completely with a sec*?. 'd sheet metal skin spaced about an p ei away from the first with the space between filled with glass wool batting. If even more critical demands are made on the room in the future, this will either be replaced by a more massive sound barrier or the duct re routed outside the room. Quiet Reigns From inception to completion of the quiet room was a matter of weeks. In fact, routine testing of bearings was taking place six weeks after the idea of lead soundproofing had first been ad vanced. When project activity per mitted, the acoustical consulting firm of Bolt Beranek and Newman were called in to test the facility. By check ing the noise transmitted into the room through the plasterboard and lead wall, and then again after erect ing an additional wall of known trans mission loss, they were able to find the transmission loss of the leaded wall. The test results show that the actual noise reduction through the side walls of the room (the walls treated with lead, but not with sand) was 45 deci bels. From previous tests they esti mated that the original type of wall might provide 32 decibels of trans mission loss, if well constructed. The actual performance of the original wall construction was never tested, of course, but the 32 db figure probably represents more than the original walls were capable of achieving. Even based on the conservative value of 32 db, however, the improvement to 45 db is roughly equivalent to cutting noise level in the test room down to about one third of its former level. In terms of sound energy, it means that onlv LIA2629E about one thirtieth as much sound energy leaks in as before. More to the point, the facility has allowed the bearing test project to be carried out conveniently and on sched ule. In discussing possible further im provement, Mr. Rippel said he doubted that any further work was justified. "Our primary mission has been ac complished," he observed. "We have a relatively quiet room at a reason able price." Actrol leaded plastics are manufac tured by Chemical Coatings and En gineering Company, 221 Brooke Street, Media, Pa. The lead-cored X-ray door used in the quiet room was supplied by BarRav Products. 209 25th Street. Brook lyn 32. N. Y. Frequency - cycles per second Acoustical performance of the original wall and the wall after sheet lead had been added clearly shows the improvement. (Original wall performance shown is estimated and probably quite conservative.) The curve they go together ce* &*<> cV Paper* ^ Pencil ^c ?ork 8c beans s Materials specialists have become familiar with dozens of special pur pose plastic and elastomeric materials which they specify for particularly de manding work or, perhaps, on the basis of least cost for an acceptable performance. Today's materials store house contains polyvinyl chlorides, urethanes, epoxies, polysulfides, polyethvlenes, polyethylene waxes, neo prenes. and Hypalons*. Lead and lead chemicals play vital roles in making all these materials serviceable. curing Thiokol polysulfide rubbers. It is the only common chemical which provides the type and degree of crosslinking that characterizes the tough, stable polysulfide belting and non hardening calking materials. Urethane casting resins use lead naphthenate as a curing agent. Hypalon* is frequently cured with tribasic lead maleate or litharge to ar- A knowledge of these roles is often the key to changing a plastic common place into a star performer -- even in near impossible performance situ ations. Consider the list above. Leave the lead stabilizers out of PVC and what happens? The vinyl deteriorates rapidly and literally goes to pieces. Lead chemicals like tribasic lead sul fate and dibasic lead phthalate added to the extent of 3 to 10 per cent, based on resin weight, serve as the absorber of hydrochloric acid in incipient breakdown of the PVC and give it stable properties and a long useful life. They also block out the ultraviolet light which triggers breakdown reac tions. The most widely used familv of stabilizers, these lead chemicals are a must when high electrical perform ance is demanded of the vinyl. Newer lead chemicals like dibasic lead phos phite give an added bonus in also act ing as anti-oxidants. In the case of urethane casting ma terials, polysulfide rubber, neoprene and Hypalon*, lead oxides or organic salts are preferred curing agents. Lead dioxide is almost exclusivelv used in DAYS EXPOSURE TO WATER (at 70eC) Acceleroted tests in hot water show how much the water absorption of neoprene can be decreased by selection of a lith arge or red lead cure. rive at the unchanging mechanical properties called for. Neoprene, too, is often cured with these organic lead salts but for even better moisture resistance it can be cured with litharge (PbO) or red lead (Pb304). The improvement in water absorption and swelling is remark able-- cured with the standard non lead chemicals neoprene swells 20 per cent on exposure to water: cured with litharge, the swelling, so far as it can be measured, does not exceed 0.1 per *Reg. Trade Mark -- E. !. duPont de Nemours & Company (Inc.) cent. A red lead cure produces a ma terial capable of standing up to intermittent sea water immersion and grueling sunlight for years without loss of its toughness or soft sealing properties. Unique Mixtures Equally interesting are a w hole fam ily of materials which combine the physical properties of lead and plas tics. Vv ith the exception of the polvsulfides all the above named plastic families have been tailored to specific applications by mechanically incor porating lead powder or powdered lead ore (galena -- PbS l. Combination radiation shields, for example, were developed by the AEC by mixing powdered lead with paraf fin polyethylene waxes. Lead particles, distributed homogenouslv throughout the wax matrix, block gamma and Xray propagation. The light atoms of the organic material absorb neutrons. And from a practical standpoint, the advantages of a shield material which can be cast like metal at a trifling 260 F are obvious. Stripping down such a shield calls onlv for a live steam line and a container big enough to catch the molten admixture. X-rav aprons, gloves, and radiation suits are most commonly made of lead loaded vinvl sheet. It. too, blocks ra diation of all types. Its flexibility and durability (due in large part to lead stabilizers) makes it the most con venient material for this sort of use. Lead loaded silicones have been de veloped for special shielding jobs in space work. Lead loaded neoprene sheet is quite common, too. The same sort of soft leaded plastics --8-- LIA26299 e9gs 6 & iotie & marriage are finding increasing use in noise con trol since their density and flexibility make them near perfect barriers. In the same field there is a growing need for sound damping materials typified by galena-loaded urethane materials which soak up vibration at its source. These mastic materials are applied directly to the surface w-hich would otherwise radiate noise. The high density particles of lead sulfide within their soft plastic matrix capture the sound energy and dissipate it through internal friction. Sound en ergy makes the lead "throw its weight around. Where weight counts Powdered lead is often used for a filler in hard plastics like the epoxies. Often these materials make use of lead's superb resistance to acid cor rosion. At other times the weight itself is desired. As weight, a 94 per cent lead, energy trap presented by one lead parti cle in a leaded sound proofing material -- most of the leaded plastics have more than 10,000,000 such traps per cubic inch. 6 per cent epoxy casting compound is effectively lead -- it is fluid and can be cast and cured to a hard, dense, ad herent mass at room temperature. Polyethylene, too, has been loaded with powdered lead and cast into fly wheels and weights. This is a perfect technique for limited production -- it achieves excellent reproducibility for a minimum investment -- and for really finicky weight matching, the cast parts are simply "machined" with a razor blade. In the massive weight and ballast category, one manufacturer has re cently announced a galena-urethane concrete. This material is inexpensive, can be readily mixed on the spot -- using a bucket for hundred pound jobs, a cement mixer if the ballasting runs into tons -- and cast just like concrete. The result is a compact ag gregate of higher than 420 lb./cu. ft. density with good weathering and ab rasion resistance, and enough "give" to stand up to a fair amount of mechanical shock. Probably the smallest use of lead in plastics is accounted for by the epoxy dies which are hand made. Here powdered lead of extremely small particle size is mixed with the resin and cast into a block. The die is then sculpted, ground and polished byhand. Only lead powder gives it the workability demanded by expert diemakers. First, the lead particles act as chip breakers within the plastic and prevent gouging by abrasives. Second, in the final polishing, the lead smears out to form a perfect mirrorlike surface essential for good repro duction from the die. Another interesting material, some what neglected in the high powered technical advances today, is lithargeglycerine cement. Itself a simple poly meric plastic, it is used where high strength and high temperature joints are required, providing good life in a 450F plus environment. The surpris ing thing about this plastic is that it has been in vogue with plumbers since, perhaps, the Civil War. Some idea of its toughness can he gained by noting that when it is used as pipe dope on cast fittings, the fit tings have to be cracked off the line with a hammer and cold chisel -- it is easier to break the metal than to break the adhesive bond formed bv the cement. r KEY PROPERTIES OF LEADED VINYL SHEET* ('LeadX manufactured by Bar Ray Products Co., 209 25th Street, Brooklyn 32, N. Y.) Specific Gravity 4.62 j Tensile strength 560 psi Elongation 350% Air permeability 0 Thermal Conductivity 3.33 Btu/hr/sq ft/F/in i Dielectric constant (@ lkc) 22 --9-- L I A26300 Brilliant little hexagonal crystals of basic lead carbonate. With an index of refraction of 2.09, these crystals are most extensively used for pearliiing. She of the hexagons is about 5 microns. PEARLESCENT PIGMENTS Where are they going? Brushes, bottles and purses are but a small part of the array of items using pearl pigments to enhance their beauty. (Courtesy Mearl Corp.) One of the most important and fast est growing markets for synthetic pearlescent pigments is in vinyl plastic sheet for lamination to metal appli ances. "Refrigerators and TV sets in particular," says a representative of one major pearl essence manufacturer, "are being pearlized in this manner." While previous articles in Lead (Vol. 23, No. 1; Vol. 24, No. 2) have explained how tiny crystals of lead salts, i.e., carbonates, phosphates and arsenates, can be made to imitate nacre or mother-of-pearl, new applica tions for these pigments call for an other look at where they are going. Rapid growth of plastics manufac ture since the end of World War II has proven a boon to pearl essence as well. Contributing to this growth is the fact that those wishing to use pearlescent pigments no longer have to depend on fish (herring in particu lar) as their sole source of supply. In recent years the manufacture of syn thetic, inorganic basic lead carbonate crystals has progressed to the point that it is possible to achieve a chatoy ant, pearly effect equal to -- and in some cases surpassing -- that of natu ral pearl essence. Lead pearlescent crystals or pigment can be used in a great variety of dis persions ranging from alkyd resins to xylenes. Suppliers of pearl pigment generally offer paste concentrates of plasticizers, oils or solvents -- the cus tomer then prepares his own coating blend. -- 10 -- LIA26301 AIRCONDITIONER HOUSINGS ARTIFICIAL FLOWERS AUTOMOBILES BATHROOM HARDWARE BEADS BOTTLES (PLASTIC) BRUSHES BUCKLES BUTTONS CASKETS & HARDWARE CHRISTMAS ORNAMENTS COMBS DIALS FISHING LURES FLOOR TILES HANDBAGS INSTRUMENT PANELS JEWELRY KITCHEN CABINETS LAMP BASES LEATHER LIGHT FIXTURES MOVIE SCREENS OFFICE SUPPLIES OFFICE EQUIPMENT PAPER PICTURE FRAMES PRINTING INKS RAINCOATS RELIGIOUS GOODS SHOES SHOWER CURTAINS STATUARY SWITCHES SWITCH PLATES TABLET COATINGS TOILET SEATS UPHOLSTERY VASES WALL TILES WALL PAPER . ........... ^ ymmi .i '1 ^****---- OdcU It aUs... a&aut ^.eact This page *s planned as a regular feature of Lead for future issues. It wjll bring you some useful methods and information . . . and some infor mation that is probably not. Interest js the key value in selecting the news bits and tidbits to appear here. If you have a tip or kink dealing with lead which vou feel should appear, send it along to The Editor, Lead , at Lead Industries Association. Inc., 292 Madi son Ave.. New York 17. N. Y. Thanks. Accurate mileage from a map - do it with solder! A foot or so of wire solder will cover most any route you have in mind. It's soft enough to bend so that it conforms with the highway on the map and, when you have formed if to fit ex actly from A to B, it can be pulled out straight and compared with the mileage scale. (If you dabble infrequently in the domains of higher math, .it's probably faster to locate some solder than to brush up on line integrals, too.) The use of leaded glass lights in entrance doors is said to be increasing in popu larity. Typical is this attractive resi dence installation by Sun-Dor-Co. of CHANGE OF ADDRESS OR NEW READER Use this side of the coupon if you have recently changed your address or if you would like to be added to the mailing LI A263 02 Wichita, Kansas, which costs about 335.00 more than a conventional door. The leaded window provides a focal interest point to the entrance and admits daylight to an often poorly lit area. Possible variations include: shape of opening, shape of pattern, use of colored or textured glass or mixtures with plain glass. Up to 150 feet of teme per minute is the produc tion speed of a new line at Armco Steel Corpo ration's plant at Middletown, Ohio. The line will process coils and strips ranging in width from 18 inches to 48 inches and in gouges from 28 to 16. Terne coatings can be applied in commer cial weight coating or weights averaging 0.35, 0.45 and 0.55 ounces per square foot. New mar kets that the line will help supply are power lawn mower fuel tanks, radio chassis and ca pacitor cans, and standby automotive markets for fuel tanks, air cleaner parts, and radiator sup ports. The line is said to provide a superior fin ish, uniform application and good adherence of the lead-tin alloy coating. What goes down must stay down . . . some times. Problem was that perforated plastic aeration hoses for sewage ponds had almost all of the needed characteristics: they were inexpensive, flexible, easily handled, and durable enough for the service. But when the air was turned on, they floated to the surface. So a change was made. Now the pipe consists of an upper tube car rying compressed air with a lead strand beneath it, joined by a second ary extrusion. The lead not only sinks the pipe but also guarantees that the aeration bubble valves lie at the top of the compressed air chamber. The Air-Aqua Oxygenation Systems are manufactured by Hinde Engineering Co.. Highland Park. 111. Decorative wall panels, windows and lamp shades are just a few of the attractive decorations the home craftsman can execute with new leaded stained glass window kits. The kits by Stain Glass Products, Box 756, Cleveland 22, Ohio provide the amateur hobbyist with strips of lead 1/8 inch wide which can be quickly and easily glued to the glass to conform to a design in the same way that real lead comes separate colored areas in church windows. Areas within the lead strips are colored to simulate colored glass. r CHANGE OF ADDRESS NEW READER (please circle one) \ LIBRARY OF TECHNICAL INFORMATION UJJJJUJVIJJJJ/ UJJJJ4JL11J VULLii The following publications ore available free of charge unless otherwise noted. Send request to the LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION, 292 MADISON AVENUE, NEW YORK 17, N. Y. NEW LISTINGS lead - 1962 Economic survey of lead in the past year, in cluding: production, import, consumption, four page reprint. Power -- with no strings attached Two dozen tools, vehicles and appliances powered by lead-acid batteries. Radiation protection Four page reprint describes shielding require ments for pipe or duct through wall openings. X-ray data -- lead ceramics, part II X-ray diffraction data for 10 lead compounds, five page reprint. GENERAL Lead in modern industry (request on company letterhead, please) 230 pages, hardboard. Describes all phases of the production and uses of lead. Discovering the beauty of lead New uses for lead Design engineering data BATTERIES Electric delivery trucks Truck costs in a jiffy Three nomographs for estimating costs of gas or battery powered industrial trucks. The choice of battery systems CONSTRUCTION Silver anniversary roofs Case histories of 4 sheet lead roofs each with 25 or more years of service. Building construction bulletins 1. Specifications - lead waste connections, plumbing 2. Specifications - lead shower and safe pans 3. Specifications-chemical laboratory drain age systems. Lead work for modern plumbing $2 postpaid, SI .50 per copy in orders of 10 or more. Profusely illustrated 164 page text presenting clearly to the plumbing student the necessary tools, procedures and methods. Seamless terne for roofing Sheet lead for roofing and flashing Lead plumbing Lead-asbestos anti-vibration pads ENGINEERING Materials of construction reviews Lead and lead alloys in design and construc tion for research and engineering use. New ceramic data Transducers for ultrasonics One page reprint describes operating princi ple and uses. Thermoelectric materials today Four page review of thermoelectric materials technology, including uses for lead telluride. Corrosion data -- lead & alloys Chart presentation of the corrosion resistance of lead and its alloys to 188 common chem ical materials. Methods of lead lining tanks Four page review of corrosion performance and fabrication methods for lead. Cutting press vibrations Oilless bearings -- helicopters 1000F bearings Nuclear materials Eight page reprint from Materials in Design Engineering. Amazing new spark pump All about lead welding Lead to control sound and vibration FINISHES Decorative finishes for lead Red lead based paint systems Properties and compositions for 24 formula tions and systems for a wide variety of uses and exposures. 31 pages. UPON REQUEST, THE LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION WILL BE GLAD TO MAIL "LEAD" REGULARLY, FREE OF CHARGE, TO THOSE INTERESTED, AND WILL COOPERATE WITHOUT OBLIGATION IN THE SOLUTION OF YOUR LEAD PROBLEMS. Reproduced by letterpress from lead type. r 'r PRINTED IN U.S.A. --p u b l is h e r s p r in t in g r o g r r s kel l o g g c o r p LONG ISLAND CITY 1, N. Y. "1 Mail to: lead Industries Assn., Inc., 292 Madison Ave., New York 17, N. Y. Name--------------------------------------------------------------- Title. Company-______________________ !___________________ Street_______________________________________________ City_________________________________________________ I Please send________________________________________ TO REQUEST LIA26303 LIT