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M*S*A CARBON MONOXIDE INDICATOR and CARBON MONOXIDE ALARM The low but exceedingly dangerous concentrations of carbon monoxide that exist in so many places; that steal away the mental and physical efficiency of the men; that directly cause many an accident, yet escape the blame-- you can make them visible with an M.S.A. Carbon Mon oxide Indicator . . . you can make them audible with an M.S.A. Carbon Monoxide Alarm. The compact, portable, self-contained Indicator is the only instrument of its type . . . ideal for locating carbon monoxide in plants, homes, motor vehicles, aircraft, man holes, sewers, etc. Its range is from 0 to .15$ carbon mon oxide; it permits accurate direct readings as low as .005$. The Alarm takes a continuous sample of the surround ing air .. . sounds an insistent warning when CO concen tration reaches .02$, . . . even controls ventilation auto matically, if desired. If you have a carbon monoxide hazard, pull its teeth! We'll be glad to arrange a demon stration of either or both of these efficient units upon request, without obligation. MINE SAFETY APPLIANCES COMPANY Braddock, Thomas and Meade Sts., Pittsburgh, Pa. District Representatives in Principal Cities SSiif The NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS U puhlUhM monthly. by the Nath nil S^fty rntjnetl & NorH* Utekvr DrUe, Chiron, 111 \eriy Stihtertmton i'rbe tl tto vuImh.. u Number 5 Knt'-mj <w<i Hm? ma*HT -I'lne t, f Ct *t me l*<**i-'rtVf li `` hh`!`M Itmle*- the A* Mareit i. 0*?** Vt titi.ins! e*Mn r St' jo**ph Mh-hiitan. NOVEMBER. 1936 You. too. will appreciate this, the utmost in Wire Rope (Quality when you onre use it. It is tough, made from the most durable, fatigue re d-ting wire of most minute accuracy in the sizing and close fitting of wires. W ill you tell us what you would like to use this rope for and let our engineering department specify the most suitable construction and send you our latest ....t-ilni,? WILLIAMSPORT WIRE ROPE CO. Williamsport, Pa. 122 So. Michigan Ave., Chicago, Ills. Other Offices in All Principal Cities NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS 3 m\ 1. No ripping at the back 2. No binding or rubbing in the tendons Saf-ceze...the safety shoe THAT SCORED A HIT! HE decided hit scored by the new to investigate; to see for themselves the TSaf-eze shoe, when introduced at the real comfort the Saf-eze brings, while National Safety Congress & Exhibition still retaining all the protective features by Hy-Test, indicates that it fills a definite that have made Hy-Test Safety Shoes so and long-felt need. Interested Safety ex highly regarded wherever worn. Fore ecutives recognize in Saf-eze a unique comfort development; a new one-piece quarter providing a smooth, glove-like fit, with no ridge or seam at the back to cause friction or discomfort and greatly minimizing the possibility of tender or blistered heels. most among these is the Isco steel box toe with the safety anchor flange, the famous protective feature which goes far in preventing tipping or shifting back under shock of impact, common under all hazardous working conditions. Good looking, really comfortable, this radical departure from ordinary safety shoe construction has caused Safety Di rectors throughout the industrial world Write now for a descriptive and attrac tively illustrated catalog, detailing the many special industrial models Hy-Test Safety Shoes offer. \ inside view of One-Piece Quarter Note the smooth giove-like inside ht of the one-piece seamless quarter. No ridge or seam to cause friction, blisters, or discomfort. ST. LOUIS HY-TEST SAFETY SHOES A DESIGNED AND MANUFACTURED EXCLUSIVELY BY INTERNATIONAL SHOE COMPANY, ST. LOUIS, MO. THE WORLD'S LARGEST SHOE MANUFACTURER Ltt'i Use Out Httdt To Save Out Ft NOVEMBER, 1936 4 THREAD OF SAFETY The solid line shows the actual rates per $100 payroll, paid by a leading tool manu facturing company, an American Mutual policyholder. The broken line shows the manual rates paid in that state by plants in their classifications. Our policyholder, start ing with rates above normal, for the past five years (due to safety work with American Mu tual 1 has paid far less than the average rate. The obvious hazards in an industrial plant are often just the focal spots of the disease of danger that is spreading throughout all operations. With this in mind, American Mutual's safety engineers search for the hidden causes of trouble--workers' indifference, operating inefficiency, etc.---which allow danger to grow and fester into ac cidents. It is their aim--not only to sew up the most likely danger spots, -- but to check the spread of danger with the green thread of safety, weaving it around each worker, each machine, each square foot of space. For American Mutual workmen's compensation insurance poli cyholders, this type of safety engineering helps to: A. save on insurance costs by lessening the frequency and severity of accidents (see chart) B. eliminate many indirect losses (lost time, spoiled work, lowered morale, etc.) not paid for by insurance, yet costing many times the benefit payments. AMERICAN MUTUAL'S ENGINEERING PROGRAM Is One of 3 Opportunities for Employers to Profit Machines are safer when men are safety-minded. Knowing that the human element determines the success of a safety program, we help train workers in the safety practices that make mechanical safe guards effective. No one machine is entirely sale unless a whole plant's trend is toward safety. Tracing danger wher- WE WORK TO MAKE BRANCHES IN 53 OF THE NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS ever it goes, we aim to coordinate men, machines and system in a safety program that marks every step in the plant's production. Yesterday's accidents and today's danger are clues to tomorrow's safety. From the reasons behind past accidents and from our appraisal of present habits and attitudes, we can predict your accident probabilities and thereby can better do away with major accident causes. Our service is gauged by your needs ... not by the calendar. Our men call at your plant as the conditions require .. . not according to a routine schedule. TWO OTHER PROFITS in Cash . . . and Men A dividend of 20 fS or more has been paid all American Mutual policy holders each year since 1887. Recently the total of earnings shared during the half-century passed the $50,000,000 mark. Our specialized medical service aims to restore injured workers to their jobs. In many cases, we have saved employers the valued experience of their injured employees. / / // Workmen'# Compensation, Automobile, Fidelity Bonds, Elevator, Burglary, and other forms of casualty insurance are written by American Mutual; Fire Insurance byour Associate, Allied American Mutual Fire Insurance Company. Admitted Assets: $23,809,545.32 Liabilities: $19,424,978.69 Surplus to policyholders: $4,384,566.63 As of December 31, 1935 ALL WORK SAFE INSURANCE COMPANY I COUNTRY'S PRINCIPAL CITIES ' "How 12 Companies Saved More Than $1,000,000." Si-mi for this free booklet to Aim Mutual l.iabllitv Insurance O*., Drp \ Vi Berkeley bt.> Kostntt. Name Title Street ____ State NO\ EMBER. 1936 Volume 34, Number 5 Contents for NOVEMBER, 1936 The President's Address--Cassius H. IT atson, M.D. ............... , 11 New Rules for the Game of Life--Hon. Harold G. Hoffman.......... .13 Planning Safety for Tomorrow's Railroads--Ralph Bmltl.......... .14 New Jersey Salutes Safety--Carman T. Fish .................. 16 Officers of the National Safety Council, 1936-37 .................. , .20 Motion Study Is Safety's Partner--William R. Muller.......... .22 Detroit's Drive for Safer Driving--C. F. Scheer ................................. .25 Less Handling Means Fewer Injuries--P. H. Hunter......................... 27 Heard at the Congress.......................................................... ........................ .30 A Hunting We Will Go.!.......... ........................... .32 Lesser Known Facts About Occupational Diseases-- Robert B. Hunt, M.D........... ................................ ..................................... 34 rosilicon--Industrial Data Sheet D-Chem. 20.......... ................... .38 Did You See It at the Exhibit?--C. H. MiUer......................................... 52 Trophy Winners in Sectional Contests.......... ........................................... 58 Sectional Officers .................................................................................... .62 REGULAR DEPARTMENTS Editorial ............................................. 9 The Managing Director's Page . . . 10 The Safety Exchange ...........31 Industrial Health.................. .34 The Bulletin Board ..................... 40 Safety Instruction Cards .........48 The Safety Library ....................... .64 Asked and Answered ...........66 Personals 73 Coming Events ................................... 77 The Honor Roll........... .......... ,89 With the Manufacturer .........90 CARMAN T. FISH, Editor S. H. KERSHAW, Poster Editor C. F. SCHEER, Associate Editor C, H. MILLER, AiKcrti.inE Manager Copyright November, 1936 by Nuiouit Safety t ounrIL Inc, I'riruori in U S. A K<iterel m wutiil-elu mailer .June 1. 1921. at the i'oit, urtVe at Ciiu-*u. in, -ivlrr 'he act of March 3. 1879. Additions! entry at Si. Joiepn. Mien, The nrtre to f r extra atihteruHnn* to t-e NATIONAL SAFETY NFAV li * ml tier '-at single 'Upte? lit cen* Redm-tM mantitv price* f*u tcariv juti* v-ripiintu an-i single c^ptea on mtutit. -fuRicrwUnn* art tvatlahle oni> to BimHwts "f Die National Hafety Council Member Audit Moreau of i ir rlatinn, Thi mmtine U indexed in t"* industrial Art* In4et Statfmeni* and pimnn* a.Ganvr v m aftscie* ir- mdltlduai expre*unif *f their auw-tr* not ,( the NMhmai ssfelt Outlet! 1.1,700 of Ihtw itmtir here printed. National Safety Council, Inc. 20 North Wacker Drive, Chicago, 1). S. A. Ollier of tin* Education Division, 1 Park Am*,, Nr York <;tt\ 6 National Safety Council Officers, 1936-37 Cassius H. Watson, M. D. President IL 1). Fennel, Vice-President for Pub lic Relations Hart K. Fisher, M. D., Vice-President for Health John B. Hirson, Vice-President for Safety Councils Uos\ lUfiot.n ft, ItniTMAN, Vice-Presi dent fur Public Safety Vuicrt S. Rcc.l'la, Vice-President for Engineering A, V. Boh wliifr, Vice-President for In dustrial .Safety R. T. Sollnstkn, Vice-President for Membership Albert W. Whitney. Vice-President for Education William E. Worth, Vice-President for Finance and Treasurer W. H. Cameron, Managing Director Executive Committee Members at Large The Above Officers and: Harold S. Bl'ttf.nheim, The American City Harry Guilbert, The Pullman Co. and Surety <2o. Harry HuilbeHt, The Pullman Co. William 0. Knoelk, Milwaukee Safety Commission Howard J, Mehren, Portland Cement Assn. f. W. Miuard, Industrial file ves Corp. Harold L. Miner, E. I. duPont de Ne mours & Co. George E. Sanford, General Electric Co C, W. Smith, Standard Oil Co. find,) Safety Council Representatives Robert R. Wallace* Worcester Safety Council Walter Dent Smith, Delaware Safety Council Carl L, Smith, Cleveland Safety Council E. J. O'Brien, Jr., Louisville Safety Council R, B. Fortvin, Lehigh Valley SiitVt' Council W. J, Mr.i.MLLC, Chippewa County Safets Council Sectional Representatives t-Mim.L .1. Aoams, Paper and Pulp C,, M. Allen, Metals {;, W. Dlmplsv, Food C, W. liuius, Mining E. C. Holdls, Jr., Marine Harry J. Kelley. Wood Products D. L. Rover. ASSE-Engineeing Past Presidents Utmr.m W, Fa mphfi.l f.i.w R. Palmer Charles P. Tolman Vrthvm H, Young M AREA'S A. l0\v Lewis A. DeBi.ois Carl B. Ait.l Cm ari.es B. Scott Walter it. King Lt.-Col, Henry A. Hlmngf.k C, Eugene Pf.ttirone Carl W. Rergmuist James 1. Banash John K. Long Honorary Members ROBERT W. CAMPBELL LEW R, PALMER ARTHUR WILLIAMS ASSOCIATION OF IRON fc STEEL ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS `TABLOID BRAND FIRST-AID over a long period in the fields of industry and public utility definitely proves the practical value of `TABLOID' FIRST-AID. Since the beginning of the Safety First Movement, this pioneer equipment has provided efficient first aid protection in emergencies--reducing the casualty list and safeguarding the lives of employees. Every factory -- everywhere -- should have `TABLOID' FIRST-AID readily avail able for immediate service. For Industrial Plants No. 754 `Tabloid' FirstAid ("Pae-Kit"). (36 unit.) Measurements: 13', x 9 x 2V in. Weight: 8 lbs.. 10 oxs. For Motor Vehicles, Trucks, Salesmen's Cars, etc. No. 728 'Tabloid' FirstAid ( " Mot o-Kit " ) . Measurements: S'h x 3V x 2V in. Weight: 1 lb., 2 oxs. Write for full particulars and quotations Burroughs Wellcome a Co.(uicA' ^ 9 & ii East Forty-first Street NEW YORK CITY " SSOCJ`afecf Houses: London (Eng,) Montreal Sydney Cape Town Bombay Shanghai Buenos Aires Milan N, S. N. Please send me latest descriptive literature regarding `Tabloid* First-Aid. Firm Name.__________ __ ________ Addres5__,,_______ ___________ ______ __ Individual's Name. Official Capacity,.^ NOVEMBER. 1936 a The AO FUL-VUE GOGGLE 5df-aii|uscii;g nose pads tic comfortably on the sides of the nose Men weir these goggles ttttb comfort Another patented AOfeature ~ 6-Curve Surpct Armorplite Lenses give grciccr resistance to impact A patented ienute -- high-up ctulpieces remove every obstacle to vision - and add to the goggle's ippesestice. Here is a goggle that was planned tt please the man who wears it ... a goggle to be worn with absolute comfort. Super Armurplate lenses are shaped to fit the orbit of the eye and oiler far greater resistance to impact. Patterned after the popular Ful-Vue glasses, the Ful-Vue Goggle is good looking. High-up end- With all these patented features the AO Ful-Vue Goggle is in a class by itself. See that the workers in your plane who need its protection -- get it. pieces add to the goggle's appearance and also, as Ask the AO industrial representative stationed in a safety factor, remove every obstacle to vision. a branch office near you to show vou this new ATt} Scli-adtusttng nose pads fit umif.ircablv. (Curve goggle. e*VcQn U'r,,d' for "jfp ft "'''"'ci; '<*> . o'Pticei *" Ori*t'"r, Co111Pa t'Sa, V,A Tl0*M s This Month's Cover the safety man in his daily job of preventing accidents, and the exhibits have made each Congress more interesting and OST of us can remember the days when a few faded colorful. M and fly-specked posters tacked on the factory walls constituted most of the safety "advertising." Too One successful congress, or even twenty-five does not mean the continued usefulness of the Safety Movement. Safety often such a poster display was characteristic of the whomleen, however, do not rest on past accomplishments. They safety program. realize how much must be done during the ensuing year. A well-kept attractive bulletin hoard has become recog They are looking toward another year of accomplishment nized as an essentia! part of accident prevention work. before the Twenty-sixth Congress meets in Kansas City dur Posters have improved in both subject matter and technique ing the week of October 11 to IS, 1937. and many new attention-arresting devices have been added to the safety man's equipment. One of these, which attracted much attention at the In This issue Congress is shown on the cover of this issue. It uses light, sound and motion to call attention to the safety message. The light globe at the top displays a Universal Safety em blem or a slogan. Beneath is a slowly revolving cylinder on which posters are mounted. In the base is a ioud speaker which can be operated by remote control. In summer-fhe device can be stationed in the plant yard during the noon hour and in cold weather it can be moved in to the lunch room or rest room. A brief talk by the safety man, a company official or a guest speaker and a few phono graph records will provide an interesting informal program for the noon hour. Safety men are giving more thought to poster displays and find that ingenuity brings increased interest. Many of them are using the practical ideas presented each month on " The Bulletin Board" page of the National Safety News, AFETY engineers are not economic experts; they have S no panacea for social maladjustments. But the suc cess of their efforts adds much to the happiness and security of humanity, as President Watson pointed out in the Annual Message to Members, (Page 11.) Governor Hoffman's address was more than a convention al address of welcome. It was another stirring message and challenge to the Safety Movement in the same spirit as the one he delivered at Louisville last year. (Page 13.) The swift streamlined Diesels which have caught the pub lic's fancy are only one of the many items in transportation's progress. There has been steady improvement in both freight and passenger service. The safety problems involved in mod ern railroading are described by the president of one of America's largest railroad systems. (Page 14.) Every year we approach the task of reporting the Congress with a feeling of humility and inadequacy. The Congress Many Thanksl LTHOUGH a large part of this issue is devoted to the Aevents of the Twenty-fifth National Safety Congress, the issue would seem incomplete without editorial comment. So we again wish to express the warmest appreciation of the Safety Movement to the State of New Jersey, particularly to Governor Hoffman and his energetic associates of the Greater New Jersey Congress Committee. was so vast, with so many important events going on simul taneously. that any individual's report is sure to be lacking in important details. (Page 16.) Like many others, we used to think motion study was merely a cold-blooded scheme for speeding up workers. That impression, which is still widespread, is entirely without foundation. Motion study teaches the worker to perform his task with fewer motions and consequently less fatigue. And since each motion is another opportunity for accident, it was a Congress that will long he remembered by every safety men have a very practical interest in Motion Study, delegate who attended. The seaside setting was unusual but i Page 22,} even more important was the cordial welcome to the Congress and the personal and official recognition nt Safety by the State's chief executive. Inter-fleet contests have raised the standards of commer cial vehicle operation; why not apply similar methods to employees' private motoring? So Detroit's industrial work Our grateful thanks are also due the program committees ers are now competing to keep their records dear while and the speakers who contributed such a wealth of invaluable driving their own cars. (Page 25.) information from their experience. And from the united ef forts of all these iovai workers comes that intangible force, inspiration, which vitalizes the whole safety movement, Principles similar to those presented by Mr, Mullee in his able discussion of motion study are applied by P. G. Hunter to the problem of handling materials. Here again few When the thanks are distributed, the exhibitors should motions mean fewer chances for mishap and more speed not he forgotten. Their equipment has been invaluable to generally with less haste and confusion, i Page 27.) NOVEMBER. 1936 10 7hn WlanaqinQ. ObitexdtfiAu fiaqsL "Where Do We Go from Here?" erous sentiment is needed. It must have the authority to speak on behalf of the heart and mind of its members and HE Atlantic City Congress was a success any way Tyou look at it. The attendance was larger than at any recent Congress; the program the most comprehen adherents; but, until we meet in Kansas City in October, 1937, it needs more than anything else a new and definite program; including almost a fierce day by day search for sive and satisfactory to those interested in the many phasedsefinite things to do. We should not be satisfied to see the of safety in industry, industrial health, street and highway, sun set until these changes and reformations have been made. aeronautical, railroad and home safety. There was some thing interesting each of those five days for the old-timer, the We want careless habits stopped; we want the best of neophyte, the man from Mars, and even for those with only good housekeeping. We want every worker, down to the a curiosity about anotheH-ongress. janitor, to understand what safety means and to help to bring it about. We want clearer and more definite safety laws and Who could have seen the exposition without marvelling at rules; and insistence upon their compliance. We want homes the enterprise and ingenuity displayed in the exhibits? The built in accord with safety practices, and streets and high panel discussions taught many a safety director how to con ways and factories and railroads operated in accord with duct meetings at home. The experience of the year was re safe recommendations. Instead of a seven per cent reduc capitulated. The presentation of the awards in the con tion in street and highway accidents this year, let's make it tests reminded thousands of people that many employers are 25 per cent. keeping up the good fight for a No-Accident record. Every attendant at the Atlantic City Congress ought to Then amidst all this talk of tragedy, responsibility and roll up his sieeves and say--"I won't have any accidents and design for safe living there was the necessary counterpart of I will be ashamed to turn up at the Kansas City Congress jolly entertainment. There was plenty of color in this meet next year without having applied the experience so vividly ing of minds, and there was the good will necessary to con presented to me at the Atlantic City Congress in October, . *mue loyalty to a great cause. 1936." But we need to do more than congratulate ourselves on a . .editable demonstration. Another year is before us. It was evident among the thousands of people attending the Con gress that they want safety, but I ask myself frequently "Will they pay the price?" I thought of those who proclaim voci ferously that they are in favor of abolishing war, but do nothing about it. People of that type do nothing about a world court or disarmament; they never act to get rid of the things that make war. We need something more than applause and an expression of public sentiment `T am for Safety." True, there must always be conviction and public sentiment for an idea, if the idea is going to live and grow. Professing devotion to a great cause may not only help to avoid its condemnation but may also give one great satisfaction, even though the convert may be doing little to promote the idea to which he has sub scribed. However, to profess devotion to the great cause of accident prevention and then leave to others the burden of accomplishment is not altogether paying the price for ad vantages received. A member stopped me on the Board walk and said--"How many safety men would lose their jobs if the safety movement was not vigorously maintained day-in and day-out during the entire year?" Safety has become a necessity. It is the intent of the National Safety Council to keep the public interest alive: to impress the employer and the employee and the citizen that it is a necessity, not a luxury. \ INTERESTING ITEMS 1. The 1936 Safely Congress and Exposition was a huge success. Attendance 60 per cent over last year and near the record of 1929; exhibits were undoubtedly liner and better attended than any previous Congress; over MOO at the Banquet; better attended meetings than almost any previous Congress; etc., etc. 2. Now, mark your date pad for the 1937 Congress; Kansas City, October 11-15. The entire Congress will be under one roof--the brand new Convention Hall. 3. Write me if you want a copy of our new pamphlet "Saving Lives Through a Drivers' License Law." We are helping many states in their campaigns for enactment of a license law by the 1937 legislature. 1. Two more states, Wisconsin and Indiana, have organized state -afety councils, appointed by the governor, to coordinate and intensify the various official and other activities for highway safety. '}. A new series of seven leaflets on "First Aid Reminders" will oon be released to the membership. Watch for your samples early lhi< month. 6. We hope to have the 1936 Congress Transactions ready for distribution sometime during December. It was evident at Atlantic City that the public is looking the National Safety Council as the focal point for creating e sentiment for safety. As we start a new year we are con"ironted with the problem of getting from each member his share of practical contributions to the movement. The Council must add stability to the safety movement. Gen 7. Seven members of the National Safety Council staff are among the instructors at the Northwestern University Fourth Annual Traffic Officers Training School. 8. Have you ordered your 1937 Safety Calendars'? If you want them by Christmas you'd better get vour order in note. NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS By CASSIUS H. WATSON, M.D. President, Sational Safety Council, 1935-37; Medical Director, American Telephone Jt Telegraph Company HE membership of the Xationai express the hope that this great annual T Safety Council is honored at being the guest of the State of gathering of the Safety Movement will mean as much to the state of Xew jersey New Jersey at its 25th Xationai Saafsetiyt does to the Xationai Safety Council. Congress. We have long admired your accomplishments in both industrial and public safety, and your tireless efforts to make this Congress i memorable event in the history of the Safety Move ment demonstrates your earnestness. To the officials, the industries and all civic organizations which have co operated in the Congress preparation, and to Governor Hoffman personally, I extend our warmest thanks. Let me also It is rather tempting at our Annual Meeting to review in detail the triumphs of the Safety Movement, We can point to the 200,000 lives that would have iteen lost in industry and on our great transportation systems had the death rate of 1913 continued unchecked. The organized National Safety .Movement by its energetic efforts in arousing the pub lic conscience and co-ordinating the ef forts of the forces of accident prevention, Road at the Annual Meeting of Member*, th Annua! tfalftv Ct'nm'fhh At lantic Cts\ N, .1., c.ictnJicr ft, 193*5 feels that it is entitled to much of the credit for this accomplishment. Now NOVEMBER, 1936 with the even more serious problem of deaths and injuries on the highways, the Xationai Safety Council is rendering a most important public service in arous ing the nation to an understanding of peril and stimulating the agencies de signed to do effective preventive work. But there is no time to pause for self-congratulation. The advances in human progress are won with too much difficulty and lost too easily to justify our becoming satisfied with our efforts. If we do pause to look back, it should be merely to study and apply the lessons of the past. Security is a topic which at the moment is very close to the public mind. 12 We of the Safety Movement are nut Experiences of the last few years tell tries and on our railroads has beeu one xperts in the economics of production us that more must be done with human of the remarkable developments of an id distribution. Xor are we sucial engi control, namely, the motor car driver. age which has seen one amazing scien neers with plans which will eliminate This brings us back then to the first tific discovery after another applied to the maladjustments of our present order. principles which were so successful our materia! progress. Our part in the achievement of security, throughout the approach to the indus The curious thing about it all is the however, is a most important one. It is to enable mankind to reach its destiny without the interference of those mis haps which we call accidents. We leaiize, of course, that accidents constitute but one of the many scourges which afflict humanity and our business is with them, if we could eliminate them, or even make a substantial reduction in their trial problem, education and training of the man on the job; in other words, supervision. The other possibility and, to many of us, the most effective, is en actment of suitable laws covering high way conduct both for the driver and the pedestrian alike, plus adequate enforce ment through mandatory penalties. fact that so many of the utilized en vironmental agencies, when wrought in to our civilization, turn about and do us harm. So it is that the end of the safety problem is never reached. Even in industry, our task is far from complete. There are still many plants where safety work is limited to grudging compliance with state and insurance requirements. number, the influence on human welfare After all, those elements in the per There is still a widespread disregard of and happiness would be incalculable. sonality which cause the exhibition of even the elementary principles of safe the primitive egotistical qualities can guarding and good housekeeping. And Many Converted, Few Saved rarely be reached by rational approach. even in some of the more enlightened They belong to that class of responses, establishments there are conditions The year now drawing toward its close has seen the Safety Movement, par ticularly with respect to motor trans port, seeking proselytes everywhere. The strange thing about it all, however, is that the country is filled with converts and multitudes are singing psalms of safety with a gusto scarcely less fervent than that seen at camp meeting revivals. In the language of the evangelist-- everybody is converted but few are saved. In philosophizing on the subject of accidental death, the Council has taken considerable satisfaction to itself lie- reflexes and unvolitional reactions, racially very old, brought into the field of dangerous activity through stimuli equally primitive. Hence, it might be considered that such personality quali ties are beyond education and may be reached only by disciplinary measures. The motor highway problem is rela tively new, but we hope that it holds the same answer to intense study and safety effort as did the industrial accident prob lem of 25 years ago. There was no organized safety work then. A few en lightened companies did have safety de partments. more or less experimentally. still unrecognized that set the scene for serious accidents whenever a physical hazard and a human lapse may coincide. It is still too early to indulge in boast ing of our accomplishments. The depres sion years have shown that even past gains cannot be held without remitting effort. When training and supervision were relaxed and maintenance neglected under the stress of economic conditions, the inevitable happened. Where effort is abandoned, safety suffers a serious lapse, just as an untilled farm soon re verts to wilderness. cause of the success which resulted in the application of safety doctrines to the But few managements were really con vinced that accidents could be pre Occupational Diseases railway and industrial field where it will be recalled that a quarter of a century ago, an appalling mortality and mor bidity picture confronted the nation, ft has been felt that the application of sim ilar principles of safety which have grown out of our experiences would ac complish the same result in the startling rates occurring on the highways. Such an outcome was justified, but as we know only too well, it has not been completely forthcoming. May I venture a reason for this, and base it on the fact that those intimately concerned in accident prevention fail to evaluate properly the things which lie behind human performance. In the in dustrial and railway problem, most of the reasons for the accident rates were cor rectly understood and the solution was apparent. The highway problem, how ever, has had much about it that is well understood, particularly those elements of a physical character that are included jnder such topics as the motor car itself, he motor highways, warning signals, legal requirements, etc. But. there still remains the mystery with respect to the vented. It took nerve to ask the boss for the money to buy a gross of goggles or to have certain machine parts en closed. And then, even with the passive ap proval of management, the battle had just started. Foremen and men resented innovations in methods of work. Men who prided themselves on their tough ness ridiculed the very idea of safety. Much of the opposition had no basis other than the sheer perversity of human nature. An Endless Task It was the enthusiasm and determin ation of those early safety men that overcame the skepticism of management and the hostility of supervisors and workers. Accidents were reduced as key men in the organizations were won over to the cause of safety and as sound engi neering and training methods were added to the emotional fervor that launched the work. Now, the industrial worker almost invariably accepts safety rules as a condition of employment. To There is one problem which is causing increasing concern to industry and to its insurance carriers--that of occupational diseases. When the National Safety Council was organized in 1013, only a few of the dangerous materials or pro cesses were recognized. Advances in chemistry have introduced many indis pensable products such as the chlorin ated hydrocarbons used sd widely as solvents, many of which are definitely toxic. Increasing experience is show ing that many substances formerly con sidered harmless must be surrounded with effective safeguards before they can lie used without hazard. Industrial dusts, fumes and gases are now bearing the closest of scrutiny by governmental agencies. The perplexing problem of compen sation for occupational diseases is not primarily within the scope of the Safety Movement, but we cannot escape the medico-legal aspects of the situation. The protection of the workers health, however, is very much our problem. Can we distinguish between the injury which human element. my mind. Safety's progress in our indus (Please turn to page ~o) NATIONAL SAFETY NEW S 13 By HON. HAROLD 0. HOFFMAN Governor, State of Sew Jersey (From the Address of Welcome at the our wall against our natural enemies; we We must organize for protection against Twenty-fifth National Safety Congress.) have sought to exclude famine, pesti the dangers of civilization; we cannot lence, fire and the curse of Cain--only leave our environment and return to the HERE is hospitality in our wel to find, when we had raised our wall to Tcome, but there is also pride---for we have an accomplishment to the height of the stars, that our enemies were inside it with us. show, of which we are as proud ns Tahe war for human safety is a civil mother of her children. war that we must fight in our own fam wilderness; that would be to cancel alt human progress. Our answer to the problem must be to conquer our surroundings. We must de feat the dangers of civilization so that A year ago, as Governor of Xew Jer ilies. among our dearest friends and even we may become truly civilized. sey. I voiced at Louisville a challenge to in our own minds and bodies. It is dif That, in effect, is the purpose for the States--to reduce deaths from traffic ferent from other wars in this-that which the National Safety Council ex accident by 33 per cent within five blood is shed only when we lose. ists. We have volunteered to meet a years. N'ew Jersey, in the first of those danger just as pressing, just as menac five years has reduced deaths from ac cident upon her highways by 16 per cent; in one year we are nearly halfway to the goal. ing as any invasion by a foreign enemy. THE grouping of men and women in The dangers of civilization have exacted communities was in its origin a from us a greater tribute of human life measure of protection against the memt-han have all our wars since the begin That reduction of 16 per cent in the aces of life. The friction of humanning of our national existence. number of lives wasted in Xew Jersey minds against each other threw off the Death from preventable accident, is a matter only for statistical pride. It sparks which eventually lighted the death from diseases which are the penal- does not mean that we have attained torch of civilization. Instinct for mutual tv- of crowded living, lives blasted In safety. It means only that we are a little less careless--a little less wasteful, a little less wanton. betterment produced art, science, com merce and government under the light of that torch. mutilation and disease--all these are in cluded in the dangers incident to civil ized and collective living. But it is a gain. There are 91 more persons alive in the world today than there would have been if we had killed with as reckless a hand as we killed a year ago. The journey of mankind from the jungle to the modern world has been a Civilization banished most oi the dangers incident to barbarism, but it in vented and propagated new dangers oi its own. As it became more complex, the dangers became more numerous, more insistent and more fatal. We created a machine too powerful for us to control. We insist upon universal education. We spend huge sums of energy and money to train our children for the re sponsibilities of mature life--and then we waste the product of our educational system. We invent and distribute devices for increased comfort and pleasure, and continuous war against the enemies of Today our situation is similar to that then we waste the lives which could en human life. Slowly and at great sacri of the first men who formed a communi joy the benefits of these things. fice of life and treasure we have built ty against the dangers of the wilderness. (Please turn to page 82) NOVEMBER. 1936 w The streamlined Diesel train is the railroads1 answer to the demand for speed. Planning Safety for Tomorrow's Railroads Improvements in both freight and passenger service demand increased managerial attention to safety By RALPH BUDD President. Burlington itailroad HE railroads are justly proud From a managerial standpoint, safety T of their safety record. I shall not repeat the statistics, which is a matter of policy, and, since execu tive officers and directors are the policy are well known, but merely assert dtehtaetrmining groups, responsibility for in a period of remarkable developments the policy rests primarily on the chief in all forms of transportation, a railroad executives. Carrying out the policies train is the safest means of transport they determine necessary falls to %'ari- and riding in a passenger train is about ous department managers and em the safest thing one can do. ployes. Running a locomotive was once con This furnishes a convenient division sidered hazardous employment, but of my subject, that is, first, activities now engineers are noted for their long which depend upon co-operation of em evity. In talking with one of them ployees, and. second, those which are recently I remarked that their average the sole responsibility of management. working life exceeds the average of rail I shall also say something of the desir road executives. He had the quick ability of the public taking a greater suggestion that they mostly lead ex interest in the matter. emplary lives. The high degree of safety has been 5 attained notwithstanding a combination Actuated by humanitarian motives as of most difficult circumstances. In well as by what may he termed an en recent years the railways have faced lightened self-interest, management has severe reduction in revenues, and at the made safety a watchword. There are a same time a demand for improved ser great many federal and state laws im vice. It has been necessary to regain posing upon the railroads a variety of and hold traffic, and to operate eco duties, with varying degrees of respon nomically so as to realize some profit sibility, depending upon circumstances. from the business handled, often at However, railroad management has set greatly reduced rates. for itself a standard higher than requir ed by technical legal liability; the pur pose is to maintain and operate the rail roads in such manner that there shall be no injury to passengers or employees and no damage to property. Accident prevention by co-operation between men and management has been accomplished largely by the campaign for individual interest and care, which has had so much attention in recent years, and is organized under the sup ervision of safety departments. Safety work has come to be considered a reg ular feature of operation. There are safe and unsafe ways of doing almost anything. The knowledge or the knack of doing things safely is gained by ex perience, properly directed. Those who have had the opportunity of attending the periodical safety meet ings must have been impressed with, the splendid spirit and the frank discussion of proposals of direct benefit, not only to those in attendance, but also to em ployees generally It has been said that the best safety device is a careful workman. Ex perience has shown that the best devfee __ NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS 15 tor making more workmen habitually more careful, is a good safety depart ment. well supported by management. Proper .safety rules, well understood and carefully followed, effectively pre vent accidents under all circumstances and conditions, whether on the road or in the shop. Each unit, designed for a specific purpose and section of the property, built and maintained to meet the demands upon it, presents its safety problem, which can be solved by co operation of the supervisory officers and the men on the job. Success in reaching the goal of acci dent elimination frequently depends upon the circustances surrounding the operation;-and judgment in adopting and maintaining standards of physical plant and operating rules. It is by no means essential to safety that the latest types of equipment, the newest inven tions or the highest quality of track, should be provided at all times and at all places, but it is essential that the adopted standards be proper for the demands and requirements of the ser vice. A railroad is a vast aggregation of units of all kinds of physical pro perty, built, added to, and rebuilt in the light of experience. If each unit is operated consistently with its capa bilities and limitations, the operation is safe. For example, bridges on light-traffic, branch lines should be built and main tained to carry the lightweight loco motives suitable for the traffic. Track on such branches should be built and maintained for moderate train speeds. Such branch lines can be operated with the same safety as main lines if motive power, with axle loads which the bridges will carry, is assigned to such branches, and if the speed of trains is limited to that for which the branch-line track is suited. The same principle is appli cable to other types of property and illustrates the responsibility of both men and management in operating every part of the system. II in bettering the physical plant and advancing railway operation, particular ly in speed and efficiency, definite re sponsibility rests with the management to protect and promote the safety of employes and passengers. The great im provement in freight and passenger ser vice in the last few years has called for special managerial attention to safety. Perhaps the most significant state ment concerning these recent improve ments has come from Mr. tt\ J. Patter son, Director, Bureau of Safety, Inter state Commerce Commission. In the Railway Age of August I lO.io, he pointed out four phases of railway The (team locomotive is still the mainstay of rail transportation. operation which require careful atten tion in connection with the handling of faster trains. These pertinent observa tions, from one so well qualified as Mr. Patterson, are worthy of consideration here: Track Considering track first, what was and is involved is a careful appraisal of the characteristics of each stretch of track, and a careful laying out of schedules to suit the actual track conditions; then a constant watchfulness to make certain that the condition which is suitable for the scheduled speed is always main tained. Several rather essential things have been done to track where the high est speed trains are oprated, but all of them have followed well-known engi neering principles and practices, and have been splendidly treated in tech nical societies and magazines by staff writers and by engineers who are in charge of some of the most important track in America. Of course the alinement. both on tan gent and on curves, must be kept more nearly perfect than is necessary for slower trains, as must also the surface of the track. The superelevation of the outer rail on curves must be adjust ed to suit the speed, and, where exces sive super-elevation would be necessary for full speed, the latter must be held down to that which is proper tor the superelevation decided upon. For safe and comfortable riding at the higher speeds, the superelevation must be dis tributed over a spiral at each end of each curve, and these spirals must be long enough properly to distribute the (Please turn to page ?s) NOVEMBER, 1936 !b New Jersey Salutes Safety at Atlantic City By CARMAN T. FISH Entire State is host to Na tional Safety Congress, October 5-9 ... Dr. C. H. Watson reelected presi dent . . . Kansas City to be 1937 Congress city The most impressive feature of tlie Hoarilwatk ilerorutions during fiongress Week was the illuminateil l ni\er-al .Safetv emhlerti oil the rtiltmimile in front of the \tiilj- tnrinm. The emitlettt was 16 feet itt lii.tmeler LAXTIC CITY'S famous hoard peal as those of the National eafetv A walk has seen many conventions whose attendance has run into Council. To the newspapers and press services the Congress is always one of five figures. Many of them have bteheen important events of the year, al larger than the Twenty-fifth National though obscured by the World's series. Safety Congress but probably none has And few conventions have been honored made a stronger impression on the sea by-having the governor of the State as side resort. personal host and the energetic help of There are few organizations whose scores of committees in arranging im discussions have so great a popular ap portant details. During the entire week of October 5 to d Governor Harold G. Hoffman established his headquarters in Atlantic City and devoted all the time that could be spared from official duties to participation in Congress activities. To the thousands of safety minded delegates who attended, it was a memor able week. The setting, of course, was different from that of any previous Con gress and few of the delegates had ever spent a week so crowded with both busi ness and entertainment. From the open ing of the session for community safety council managers on Saturday, October ,? until the Safety Special pulled out of the station the following Friday after noon. there was something too good to miss on the program ail the time. Registration desks were maintained at the Ritz-Cariton. Ambassador and t 'helsea hotels and at the vast municipal Auditorium, Sessions were held at all four places, requiring unusual activity on the part of delegates with a wide var iety of interests. The Boardwalk, for tunately, proved to be much easier on the feet than concrete sidewalks and the sea air was a good antidote for fatigue. The Boardwalk was appropriately decorated for the occasion. Lampposts along the Boardwalk carried shields hearing safety slogans and messages of welcome to the Congress. On the colon nade in front of the Auditorium was a huge illuminated Universal Safety em blem 16 feet in diameter. At each end of the colonnade was a billboard dis playing posters from various cities and states which had made use of this form of safety advertising. The posters were changed frequently during the week and many state and city officials posed NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS 17 for photographs before their own home posters. Within the Auditorium was the great est display of safety equipment yet as sembled under one roof. The ballroom on the second floor of this vast structure provided an exceptional setting for the commercial exhibits, the stage being re served for the Council's exhibit featur ing the many services available to mem bers. In the corridors were other exhibits, including several interesting dioramas. Those of the United States Department of Labor featured housekeeping and plant lighting, contrasting good and bad examples. _ The WPA displayed several ingenious models showing safe and un safe conditions on typical jobs. Out on the Boardwalk, where repairs were being made by WPA workers, safety posters were used to an impressive extent. Other exhibits were arranged by the various departments of the State of New jersey--Highways, Public Instruction, Motor Vehicles, and Aviation--all of which have an important part in public safety. Kansas City in 1937 This year delegates did not have to wait long for the announcement of the 1937 Congress city. Before any official announcement was made everybody knew that Kansas City had been chosen and the choice seemed to meet with uni versal approval. The other important business of the Congress was the reelection of Dr, C. H. Watson, medical director of the Ameri can Telephone & Telegraph Company, as president of the National Safety Council for the ensuing year. All of the other officers were also reelected, with a few new members being elected to the Executive Committee. As for the general and sectional meet ings, there were eighty of them all told. A mere listing of them would occupy more space than is available. The sub jects were extremely practical and much helpful information was presented which will become available during the next few' weeks in the printed Transactions of the ('Vmgress. Governor Hoffman's address at the Annual Meeting of Members was far more than a conventional address of welcome; it was an inspiring message to forces of safety. Dr. Watson sum marized the progress of the past year and interpreted the objectives of the Safety Movement in the President's Address. Three other important address es made this year's Annual Meeting un usually impressive. Willard E. Givens, executive secretary of the National Edu cation Association, presented an educa tor's views on the importance of safety in preparation for life. Howard Cooniey. chairman of the board of the Walworth Company and president of the American Standards Association, described the in fluence of safety in the social and econo mic life of the nation. Paul G. Hoff man, president of the Studebaker Cor poration and chairman of the Traffic Safety Committee of the Automobile Manufacturers Association, expressed the automobile industry's interest in all practical measures for the promotion of safer traffic. The addresses of Gover nor Hoffman and President Watson were broadcast locally over Station WPG. Beginning Monday afternoon the del egates were faced with crowded sched ules and conflicting interests. Efforts NOVEMBER. 1936 18 this distraction Tuesday afternoon by a brutal attack on the unhappy Giant pitchers. On Thursday evening the Traymore Hotel was practically turned over to the Congress for the Annual Fun Fest. A Mardi Gras with a picturesque parade through the lobby, a circus with the customary side shows, and a Monte Carlo where games of chance were played with stage money were among the fea tures of the evening's entertainment. But amusement, after all, was just an incidental part of the Congress. For many of the delegates the Congress day started at 8:30 with attendance at one of the early morning classes. For the industrial members there were the In dustrial Safety Lectures conducted by Arthur C. Horrocks, director of educa tion, Goodyear Industrial University, Akron, Ohio. For those whose interest was in the field of public safety, there was the traffic school conducted by Earl Governor Hoffman and his aides join the merry-makers at the President's Reception. Beside the bandmaster is Lloyd Blanchard, field representative of the National Safety Council. j, Reeder, traffic engineer, National Safety Council. lndustriai health occupied an unus ually prominent part in the Congress have been made by the correlating com mittees to stagger the sessions so that all members will be able to attend the max imum number of general and subject sessions as well as their sectional meet ings but with so many topics to be dis cussed in five short days, a certain amount of overlapping is inevitable. On Monday evening the Ambassador Hotel was the scene of the President's Reception and Dance where Hal Kemp and his radio orchestra provided the music. Sharing the limelight with Pres address of the evening was a program of entertainment which held the audience till after midnight. Stars of the screen, radio and stage provided a collection of talent that has seldom been equalled on any one program. As at many past Congresses the World's Series provided competition not only in newspaper publicity but aiso in the minds of many delegates who found it impossible to tear themselves away from the iobbv radios until the iast man was out. The Yankees, however, ended program this year. One session was de voted to the problems of rehabilitating the injured worker and one to occupa tional diseases. In addition, the Annual .Meeting of the American Association of Industrial Physicians and Surgeons was held in conjunction with the Congress, with morning and afternoon sessions and a banquet at the Traymore Hotel. Of importance also from the standpoint of health was the session on Exhaust Sys tems at which three practical papers on the principles and practical applications of the subject were presented. ident Watson were Governor Hoffman, who appeared with his aides and per sonal band, and "Silver Knabe," a thoroughbred German shepherd dog from Oklahoma, who performed several tricks to an appreciative audience and showed that he had learned more about "safety first" than many humans. The Annual Banquet on Wednesday evening eclipsed preceding events by a wide margin and is likely to hold the record for many years to come. With the versatile Governor Hoffman as toast master the program got off to a good start. The food for thought was pro vided by Colonel Willard T. Chevalier, vice-president of McGraw Hill Publish ing Company, whose address, "Design for Living Safely," stressed the import ance of engineering for safety in the broadest sense of the word and deplored the fact that highway building had lagged far behind modem needs in both convenience and safety. Following the Reveille on the Boardwalk. Governor Hoffman's band provided a musical eyeopener for delegates each morning as well as entertainment for several meetings. The bandsmen, members of the 114th Infantry Band, were cited for bravery in action during the World War. Although exempt from line duty they voluntarily served as stretcher bearers and messengers. NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS More sessions this year were devoted to panel discussions, and many favor able comments were heard on this method of presenting the subjects. The general sessions holding panel discus sions were: The Safety Exchange--Gen eral Round Table, Maintaining Interest in Safety, Safety Fundamentals for Be ginners. and Safety Training. As usual the sessions dealing with the problems of beginners in safety work were well at tended bv veteran safety men. In spite of numerous other attrac tions, many delegates spent a quiet Tuesday evening viewing the new safety talkies. Six films were presented. This year a new publication made its bow at The Congress--an uninhibited little sheet called The Morning Head ache which was distributed to all dele gates, It presented a concise calendar of the day's events but the rest of its contents was not to be taken too seri ously. Through cooperation of Station WPG and the Columbia Broadcasting System, President Watson spoke over a National hook-up of SS stations on Thursday. During the week brief talks were made by John E, Long, past president of the National Safety Council, W. H. Cam- 19 The Council exhibit, prepared by the Bureau of Information and the Post er Division, occupied a commanding location on the stape of the Audi torium ballroom. In addition to dis play of services available to members there were several new and ingenious devices for displaying safety posters. Dne of the mo-t photographed men at the Congress was Davit! V.uee, rhief of safety service for the Inter* national Labour Office at Geneva, Switzerland. Here he U noting with interest some of his own publications on display at the exhibit of the Gounrit's Bureau of Information. At the right is Swen Kjaer, Chief, Divi* sion of Accident Statistics, U. S. De partment of Labor Statistics, Wash ington, D, C, NOVEMBER. 1936 Silver Knabe, the German shepherd flop front Oklahoma who has enter tained many school children at safety demonstrations, knows Itow a politi cian feels. This time it's Barney Old field he is glstl bandinp. In the back ground is Knabe's manager, Ed Slattery. Committee and his genial presence at so many of the events of the week. Nor can we omit reference to Frank Amstutz of the Atlantic City Chamber of Com merce and Atlantic City Safety Coun cil.who.seemed to be everywhere at once arranging countless inconspicuous but important details. The work of editing the Congress papers for the printed Transactions is progressing rapidly. At the present rate, volumes will be mailed to members be fore January I. won, managing director, Sidney J. Wil liams, director of the Public Safety Divi sion, and Marian Telford, director of field activities of the Education Division, As the managing director expressed it on his page, it was a great Congress-- any way you look at it. Several thou sand delegates will always have pleasant memories of New jersey's gracious hos pitality. To list those who contributed to the success of the Congress would be as long as Atlantic City's telephone di rectory. But no report would be com plete without mention of Governor Hoff man's tireless efforts as chairman of the Greater New jersey -Safety Congress Just as soon as Kansas City had been announced as the 1917 Congress city, one forward-looking member put in his request for hotel reservations. Full de tails regarding Kansas City hotels will in* announced in an early issue of the News. All sessions will probablv be held in the new Convention Hall. *M OTHER CONGRESS FEATURES IN THIS ISSUE National Officers ............................... 20 Heard at the Congress ....................30 The Exhibit ....................................... 7)2 Trophy Winners in Sectional Contests ................. 38 Sectional Officers 62 20 Officers of the National Safety Council - 1936-37 President: Cassius H. Watson, M. D,, medical director, American Telephone and Telegraph Company, Xew York City, Vice-President tor Public Safety: Hon, Harold G. Hoff man, Governor of New jersey .Trenton, X, J. Vice-President for Public Relations: D. D, Fennell, consulting engineer. Chicago, Vice-President for Health: Hart E. Fisher, M, L>,, F. A. C. S,, chief surgeon, Chicago Rapid Transit Com pany, Chicago. Vice-President for Safety Councils: John B. Gibson, director of publicity, Western Electric Company, Haw thorne Works, Chicago. Vice-President for Engineering: Albert S, Kegula. exe cutive secretary, Industrial Relations Counsellors, Inc.. New York City. Vice-President for Industrial Safety: A. V. Rohweder. Superintendent of safety and welfare, Duluth, Missabe & Northern Railway Company, Duluth, Minn, Vice-President for Membership: R. T, Soiensten. vice president, Elliott Service Company, Xew York City. Vice-President for Education: Albert W. Whitney, asso ciate general manager. National-Rureau of Casualty and Surety Underwriters, Xew York City. Vice-President for Finance and Treasurer: William E. Worth, works manager. Twine Mills, International Har vester Company, Chicago. Secretary and Managing Director: W, H. Cameron, Chicago. Executive Committee Members at Large The above officers and: Harold S. Buttenheim, editor. The American City, New York City. Robert I. Gatlin, The Aetna Casualty and Surety Com pany, Hartford, Conn. Harry Guilbert, director. Bureau of Safety and Compen sation, The Pullman Company, Chicago. William C, Knoelk, chairman, Milwaukee Safety Com mission, Milwaukee, Wis. Thomas H. MacDonald, chief, Bureau of Public Roads, l'. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D, C, Edward J. Mehren, president, Portland Cement .Associa tion, Chicago, I, W. Millard, president. Industrial Gloves Corp., Dan ville, III. Harold L. Miner, manager. Safety and Fire Prevention Division, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co,, Wilmington, Del. George E. Sanford, General Electric Company, Schenec tady, X. V. C, W. Smith, director, Safety Department, Standard Oil Company, (Indiana), Chicago. Safety Council Representatives District 1--Robert R. Wallace, safety engineer, American Steel & Wire Co.. Worcester. Mass. (Worcester Safety Council.) Hart E. Fisher, M.D. NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS District 2--Walter Dent Smith, president and manager, Del aware Safety Council, Wilmington. Del. District 3-~Carl L. Smith, managing director. Cleveland Safety Council. District 4--George G. Traver, secretary-treasurer. Chicago Safety Council. District 5--E. J. O'Brien. jr,, president. E. J. O'Brien & Co., Louisville, Ky. (Louisville Safety Council.) Class B and C Councils R. B, Fortuin, Pennsylvania-Dixie Cement Carp., .Naza reth, Pa. (Lehigh Valley Safety Council.) W. J. Melville, secretary-manager, Chippewa County Safety Council. Chippewa Falls, Wis. Sectional Representatives George j. Adams, International Paper Co., Glens Falls. X. V. (Paperand Pulp.) C. M. Allen. The American Rolling Mill Co.. Middletown, Ohio. (Metals.) C, W. Dempesv, Liquid Carbonic Corp., Chicago. (Food.) C. W. Gibbs, Harwich Coal & Coke Co., Pittsburgh. Pa. (Mining.) E. C. Holden, Jr., I'nited States P. & f. Agency, Inc., Xew York City. (Marine,) Harry J.'Kelley, American Seating Co.. Grand Rapids, Mich. (Wood Products.) D. L. Royer, Ocean Accident and Guarantee Corp., New York City. (ASSE-Engineering.) Past Presidents Robert W. Campbell. Los Angeles, Calif. Lew R. Palmer, conservation engineer, The Equitable Life Assurance Society. Xew York City. (.'has, P, Tolman, consulting engineer. Boyle, Telman & Travis, Xew York City. Arthur H. Young, vice-president. United States Steel Corp., Xew York City. Marcus A. Dow. manager. Department of Safety and Per sonnel. Greyhound (Management Company, Cleveland, 0. Lewis A. DeBlois, consulting engineer, Xew York City. Carl B, Auel, manager. Employees' Service Department, Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company, East Pittsburgh, Pa. Charles B. Scott, president. Bureau of Safety, Inc., Chicago. Walter 0. King, manager, Safety Division, American Optical Company. Xew York City. l.ieut.-Cul. Henry A. Reninger, special representative. Le high Portland Cement Company, Allentown. Pa. C. Eugene Pettibone, vice-president, American Mutual Lia bility insurance Company, Boston, Mass. Carl W. Bergquist, superintendent of public relations. West ern Electric Company, Hawthorne Works. Chicago. James I. Banash, consulting engineer. Chicago. John E. Long, superintendent of safety, The Delaware & Hudson Railroad Corp., Albany, X, Y. Hon. Harold G. Hoffman John B. Gibson Albert S. Regula A. V. Rohweder R. T. Solensten NOVEMBER. 1936 Albert W. Whitney William E. Worth W. H. Cameron 22 Motion Study Is Safety's Partner By WILLIAM R. MULLEE Supervisor, Standards Department, .t/nerim/i Hard Rubber Company, Rutter, .Y, J. through the factory and note how safety follows every step he takes. In going about his daily work, the motion study man uses certain tools for the purpose of analysis, measurement, and rearrange ment. The first tool he uses is the "pro cess chart." This is nothing more than a detailed description of every operation, as well as every handling between opera Fig. 1. Work i divided over both hands instead of speeding up one- hand method. tions. Someone pointed out that even the nursery rhymes contain process charts. For example, here is one of interest to the safety man: VERY article you read about mo fack and Jill went up the hilt. ... ........40 ft. Etion study tells of the huge sav To fetch a pail of water: .............. 4 min. ings in time; how the time for jack fell down and broke his cruwn .....40 ft. this job was cut in half, and that job bAynd Jill came tumbling after........... 2 sec. one-third. Now, here is the way it would sound I have often wondered how the safety in the factory with time or distance man feels when he reads such an article. shown for each step. 1 am sure many of them are gravely con Symbol Item Measurement cerned about the effect of time reduction on the safety of the worker. Is motion study a form of the "speed up"? Back in grammar school days they heard that (M) X Cm) Walk to pail storage (Man & Helper) ....... -..... ..... JO tt. Carrv pail to elevator (Man & Helper) ..... . ft. W"haste makes waste." A lost-time acci dent, is the crueiest form of waste. I Wait for elevator (Man & Helper) ___. .... . : min. think the safety man decides to keep an eye on motion study or it may spoil his safety record. To begin with, motion study is not a hurrying process. We must distinguish between work done at high speed and work done in a hurry. With motion study, speed is attained by eliminating unnecessary' motions and perfecting rhythm and skill of necessary motions; (M) (m) X (M) x \/ V Klevator to >rd floor (Man & Helper) ............. . 10 tt. Carry pail to storacc tank (Man & Helper i _______ 10 ft. Fill pad (Man & Helper) ......... .. ..... * min. Carry pail to elevator (Man & Helper) ............. ..... 10 ft. Fall down elevator shaft (Man & Helper) ......... also by selecting motions that give the least fatigue. Without motion study both necessary and unnecessary motions are speeded up. resulting in fatigue, poor workmanship and many accidents. Motion study also divides the work over both hands instead of speeding up the one hand method. It plans the work place. tools, and materials. Savings through motion study run from 25 to 75 per cent and it is not necessary to use what Labor calls the "speed up" to meet competition. Motion study plans jobs according to the "One Best Way" which is always the safe way. This chart shows eight steps. Each one we eliminate reduces the chance of an accident. For example, if we ran a pipe line down from the third floor, we would eliminate most of the steps and most of the accidents. Jack and Jill should have drawn up a process chart. On a much larger scale this same thing is repeated all over the factory. You wouldn't believe how many times a piece is lifted on a truck, off a truck, placed in storage, taken out of storage, lifted up to bench levei and down to floor level again, etc. We found that one of our standard articles required 86 Let us follow a motion study man handling steps. A process chart reduced this by 12 steps. By eliminating excess handling, we eliminate accidents. Handl ing, we are told, cause 25.Q per cent of total accidents. Reducing the number of handlings gives the operator more time to devote to work on the product, Fig. 2. Formerly worn-out molds were trucked via elevator from top floor in boxes shown. The new "Jack and Jill" method eliminates handling and promotes safety. NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS # More speed with less haste and less fatigue is the objective of the motion study man where from statistics, he will have fewer accidents. Fatigue Conditions As the motion study man approaches the operator at work, he first looks for conditions that might cause fatigue. Most safety engineers say that acci dents increase when operators become fatigued. The accumulated fatigue blurs the operator's safety consciousness and his muscular response is siower. Doctors Haggard and Greenburg, of Yaie University, show in their book, "Diet and Physical Efficiency," that both production and muscular efficiency fall off late in the morning and again late in the afternoon. Safety and motion study approach the subject of fatigue with a common objective. If the operator works in a standing position, it is important that he is not leaning too far over the machine. Be fore we motion-studied a certain hori zontal warming mill job, a projecting pan below the mill made the operator lean over it. While we were making the motion study, the operator lost his bal ance and at the same time, two finger nails. This condition was immediately corrected, keeause the unbalanced posi tion was not only fatiguing, but hazard ous. Constant sitting, as well as constant standing, is fatiguing. We try to intro Fifs. 3. Bench lathe cut in half to permit sitting-standing arrangement. duce the sitting-standing arrangement, whereby the operator can alternate. This rests the leg muscles, promotes blood circulation, and relieves fatigue. In one of our packing departments, for ex ample, a number of operators were bad ly fatigued at the end of the day be cause of constant sitting while working at low tables. When the sitting-stand ing arrangement was introduced, earn ings and output increased and fatigue decreased. ' Another fatigue condition is the amount of illumination. We are often shocked when we read a foot candle meter, even in places where the job re quires good vision and dose attention to detail. In one department we had several thousand dollars damage and repair annually, above our budgeted allowance. A light meter reading in this department showed six foot candles. We increased this to between IS and 20 foot candles and effected a $3,000 annual saving in damage and repair: we found also that the frequency of injuries was reduced 18 per cent. Dust, fumes and temperature are also noted as fatigue conditions. It is not necessary to say that dust and fumes are health hazards. Temperature, although apparently of minor importance, is con sidered because of its effect on produc tion. One investigator reports that a group of manual workers dropped IS per cent in output when room tempera ture was raised from 66 to 7S degrees F. Here again, motion study and safety Fig. 4, Left hand on air valve. Right hand moves stock through pulley arrangement. must join hands to improve fatigue con ditions. Five Classes of Motions The motion study man next observes what class of motions the operator is using. All motions are classed as: Class l. Finger motion. Class Z, Finger and wrist motion, Class 3* Finger, wrist, and forearm motion. Class 4, Finger, wrist, forearm, and upper arm motion. Class 5. Involves bending the body in ad dition to the above. It is the aim of motion study to reduce all jobs to the lowest class motion con sistent with good workmanship. Fifth class motions, which involve the most fatigue, are very objectionable, [f you don't eliminate fifth class motions, the operator may figure out his own method. We had a hand operated shear for cut ting heavy hard rubber sheets. One man fed the stock to the blade and another sheared it to length, putting his entire weight on a hand lever. The feed opera tor had to reach around the machine frame to move the cut piece away from the blade. This was a fifth class motion. The job was a "man killer." A motion study indicated that the feeder might try to reduce fatigue and increase his pay by reaching through the frame or under the blade. The job was re arranged for better motion practice. The feed operator moved the hard rubber sheet by a pulley arrangement, avoiding fifth class motions and eliminating the accident hazard. A pneumatic cylinder replaced the man on the lever, who was NOVEMBER, 1936 Fig. 5. The thumb i taped when (he hand is used as a holding device. in grave danger- of abdominal strain. Operators sometimes forget safety in try ing to increase earnings when the job is not planned properly. Labor cost was cut in half and safety doubled. Get Ready, Do, Clean Up All jobs can be-broken down into three parts: "Get ready" `'Do," and "Clean up." Get ready means placing the piece into position. Clean up means remov ing and placing it aside. In the past, a great deal of attention was fo cussed on the Do part of the job: elaborate machine guards were provid ed and the machine operation was usual ly well protected. Little thought was given to the Get ready and the Clean up. It has been found that great savings in time are possible by combining the Clean up of one operation with the Get readv of another operation. In many cases, this reduces accidents by avoiding additional handling. Also, if we can have the operator Get ready and dean up while the machine is working on another piece, we keep the operator's hands busy and out of the way of the moving machine parts. For example, on an operation of grinding a gun butt plate, the operator fermeriy placed the piece in a jig. brought the jig to and from the wheel, and then reached in to remove the fin ished piece. He often ground his knuckles and it was a common sight to see him work with taped knuckles. In the new way, the operator cels the next piece ready while the previous one is grinding and then the finished piece is elected by air down a drop delivery chute. In this way. the operator's hands are out of (he way of the grindstone during the grinding operation. ator's hand movements are confined to In many places we found that the the "normal working area." This area work was placed aside on the floor, later for the right hand is indicated by ex loaded on a truck, moved to another lo tending the right arm in front of the cation, and unloaded on the floor again. body and making one sweep across the Motion study provided special rack table pivoted from the shoulder. The trucks and skids so that truck loading area for the left hand is similar. If all was part of the clean up on one opera the movements are confined to this area, tion and truck unloading was the act then there is little danger of becoming ready on the next operation. This elim entangled in moving belts or gears. The inates two handlings, and also the pil only danger is immediately around the ing or stacking of pieces on the floor. operating part of the machine. Arrange Many employees are injured by round ments must be made to keep the oper material like pipes and heavy objects that roll on their feet from an unwieldy pile. The special trucks and lift skids ator's hands away during the do part of the job or provide adequate guards. Hand and finger injuries make up ,53 ' not only pre-position the pieces for use per cent of total accidents. | but also prevent them from falling. All Fatigue within the normal work area is reduced to a minimum by confining: all movements to the same horizontal plane, avoiding lifting or change of level. In some cases, we were ab'g to reduce, the movements su that only those of., finger and wrist were required. The dis tance from the feed hoppers to the drill.. press was cut down to a minimum and the operator could slide the pieces across ; instead of picking them up. This con fined the work within direct line of the : operator's vision, keeping both hands in full view all the time. Motion study also aims to employ motions that are relaxed and a motion Fig. 6. Fixture holds piece in jig. Fingers used for transport. Produe* lion increases 10 per cent. No injur ies ip fingers. path that avoids jerky changes of direc-.: tion. All of this means less fatigue, which in turn means fewer accidents. Holding this helps to reduce the 25.9 per cent accidents due to handling objects. Normal Work Area When the motion study man stands alongside or the operator, the first thing he notices is whether or not the oper The next thing to look for is whether or not one of the hands is used for hoIdv/B ing. The human hand is a poor substl-3| tute for a mechanical holding device and accidents may be caused if sharp cutting tools are used. Hand tools cause 7.6 per (Please turn to page 84) Fig. 8. Tool kits mean fewer motions and fewer accidents. NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS I iH'Hvlt N.-tt* Photo At the conclusion of the test run which 'showed the futility of excessive speed. Front row: Walter F. Israel, Chief, Detroit Fire Department; K. T. Keller, president, Chrys ler Corp. and president, Detroit Industrial Safety Council; Brigadier Gen eral Heinrich A. Pickert, Police Commissioncr. City of Detroit. Hear row; C. E. Wormuth, manager, Detroit Indus trial Safety Council; Marvin A. Heidt, person nel director, Build Manu facturing Co.; and chair man of the Board, D.I.S.C.; Hugh Ferry, treasurer, Packard Motor Car Co.; Lieut. Edward Bellm, Detroit Police Department. DetroiCs Drive For Safe Driving By C. F. SCHEER To the residents of Detroit--not only With the cooperation of in dustry, the Detroit Industrial Safety Council is applying those who saw the run, but all those who read of it in the newspapers- it was a graphic demonstration that speed and disregard of traffic regulations do not the inter-fleet contest idea to pay. A mere 49 seconds in a three-mile the employees' private cars run. gained at what would be. to the ordinary car and driver, an extraor dinary risk of life and property, are not HRONGS gathered at the curbs worth the gamble. Tas a fire engine with its throttle wide open, siren shrieking and The demonstration was conceived by the Detroit Industrial Safety Council Kiel I clanging, hurtled through the blausstyspring as one of the links in a chain streets of Detroit. Two minutes and 49 of pubic safety work the organization seconds after it had pulled up at the is undertaking. curb a police car glided alongside. Detroit is an automobile town. It Both vehicles had started from the lives by. with, and---one might almost same point. The fire truck, with a head say--in the automobile. Buses and start of two minutes, had gained only 49 street cars constitute the only forms of seconds over the time of the police car public transportation. Thus, with a po On its breath-taking run, with the pulation of more than 1.500,000, this siren clearing its path, the tire truck fourth city in the t'nited States turns in had hashed through nine red traffic stinctively to the automobile togo to and signals, plunging headlong in exactly the front work, to do its -hopping, to seek same manner as if it were going to a recreation. With shopping and business fire. The police car. with no siren to centers situated in tar-flung parts of the blast the way open, had adhered to the city, with industrial sections scattered speed limit, waited for the lights, and all about the greater Detroit area, and observed all the traffic regulations to with suburbs forming a fringe about the which any car is subject. city proper, it may be readily seen that XOVEMBF.R. 1936 traffic arteries will weave through the city in criss cross fashion and that traffic, at times, may become a puzzling problem. The Detroit Industrial Safety Council has recognized it as the problem of in dustry. A public safety movement, to succeed, must be well organized, must follow a definite, continuous program, must be directed and must find its incentive in some common appeal. Once such a movement gains the support of the ma jority, further cooperation will readily follow. A study of the field convinced the De troit Council that it was equipped to tackle the task. Its very' industrial nature would give it the desired leverage, for about 300,000 of Detroit's industrial employees are are drivers--more than 73 per cent of the motorists in the greater Detroit area. Most of the plants in which these men and women are employed, cooperating with the Detroit Council and the Na tional Safety Council, have been doing good work in safety. In many eases it was realized that more employees were being injured on the streets, as pedes- 26 The trophy awarded by the Detroit Industrial Safety Council to the com pany whose employees establish the best record for safe driving. trians and motorists, than were being injured at work. The indirect economic effect of such accidents was not to he overlooked. These industrial plants, which had found safety effective within their walls, decided to expand the program--and in attacking public accidents to use the me thods which had proved so effective in the factor.-. Plant accident records of Council members in Detroit offered ample reason for following this plan. During the past ten years, on the basis of reduced acci dent frequency and severity rates, it is estimated that organized safety work has saved some :.'0 lives in factories, prevented more than 40.000 accidents, and saved 4,158.819 working days. Among the Detroit Council's Commer cial fleet operators there has been an ac cident reduction of 75.4 per cent since portions. Finally it was decided to use only the accidents reported to authori ties. 1928. The 1935 rate was 16.1 accidents When an accident takes place, the per 100.000 hours of operation as against officers called to the scene obtain from 65.5 in 1928. In other words, the con testants in this branch of safety work improved their record from one accident the persons involved the information asked in the standard accident report forms and also the name of each victim's per driver every seven and one-half employer. New report forms, providing months to one accident per driver every an extra space for this information, have two and one-half years. been printed by the police department in In 1934, as a result of the steady im and about Detroit. provement in commercial driving ex Once each month the 16 suburban perience, the Detroit Industrial Safety police departments send the Detroit Council was awarded the Intern-Council Council report cards, bearing the names 5 Fleet Safety Contest trophy by the -\'a- of all those involved in suburban confe tional Safety Council. It won the tro ssions, together with the names of their phy again in 1935. employers. Within the city proper a With an experience of this kind the clerk from the office of the Detroit In Council felt that it could not go far dustrial Safety Council spends a part of wrong in applying the inter-plant or in each day at the Detroit police head ter-fleet contest plan to its proposed quarters. checking reports of the pre-.. public safety work. vious day, then entering the information , On February 27, 1936. a sub-commit in the Council's accident files. Sji tee of the Council's Public Safety Divi Each month a printed report is com sion met to plan a traffic control pro piled in poster form, listing the names of gram. Members of the committee were all participating companies, the number I Del A. Smith, of the City Department of employees involved in accidents dur- ; of Street Railways: Ralph Lee. re ing the month, and the percentage rating search engineer of the General Motors of the company, that is, the number of | Corporation; Harry W. Boulton, man employees involved in accidents per 100 ager of Industrial Relations of the Mur ray Corporation of America: and Clar ence E. Wormuth, manager of the De troit Council and member of the com mittee ex officio. The program, recently launched, re volves about a motor traffic safety con test in which the employees of each par ticipating company compete with the employees of all other participating com panies for a trophy to be presented by the Detroit Industrial Safety Council. Reports of all traffic accidents provided by the Police Department of Detroit and suburbs will serve as a basis for deter mining the winners of the awards. All member companies of the Detroit In dustrial Safety Council automatically participate in the contest. Since nothing of this nature had, to the knowledge of the sponsors, ever be fore been attempted, it was decided to proceed slowly---first holding a threemonths' "experience test" or trial period Frank A. Morrison, president, Coi> porate Service, Inc-, and chairman of the Public Safety Division of the De- troit Industrial Safety Council, ... to smooth out the imperfections of the contest, and officially opening the con test on October 1. The experience test was vindicated almost immediately. At the outset it had been planned to use all traffic viola tions in compiling the records. It was found, however, that there are about tO,000 detected violations a month in Detroit alone and that the task, conse quently. would reach monumental pro employees. It is pointed out that I he actual number of accidents is not the / base: it is the number of employees in- ''if volved--either as drivers or as pedes- 'Sg trians, hut not as passengers--in motor * car accidents. At the dose of the contest year a \s handsome bronze trophy will be awarded ~ Jj (Please turn to page 67) || NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS -i 07 .ess Handling leans Fewer Injuries By P. HUNTER Safety Engineer, Motor Wheel Corp,, hunting, Mich. Mechanical equipment re moves many opportunities for injury but its use involves a few essential precautions. OUTING all work to reduce the handling of material to the minimum is an important safety measure. Every time an object is tandled there is another opportunity for jcident. I'Jtfany years ago our company erajoyed an average of 25 men to pile urns. This was made necessary by me machines turning out drums faster ,n the following operation could take ire of them. These men were always differing cuts, contused fingers and j)es, severed tendons, and other injures. ipE n we began to install conveyors and Rearrange machinery to run all jobs in production. This meant slowing n some machines and speeding up others with the result that there was no inure drum piling and fewer accidents. This released more floor space and kept le shop in better order. There was less :ease on the floor and there were fewer tumbling hazards. But with the advent of conveyors a different type of hazard appeared. Every time material is placed in a ma chine it adds to the handling or traffic problem. Here the type of conveyor or chute is important. A conveyor built too low causes loss of time, back strains and ruptures; if too high, cuts and smashed toes may result. .So. in order to cover all types of jobs and men. the conveyor should have adjustable legs. More time used in picking up stock from the conveyor means less time to get it into the press and greater hazard to the hands. To make the job safe, ail parts of the operations must be studied and each operation tied to the others. The speed of motor-driven conveyors, incline of roller conveyors and height of conveyors arc all important parts of the problem. Mechanical means of propelling these loads meant that the loads became heavier, with increased hazard of falling material or too much speed. With the coming of the power truck the dangers of strains and ruptures passed but the new hazards more than offset those of the old man-powered truck. Driving rules were given to the operator; he had to be trained to drive the truck, and The operator is well protected on these electric trucks. An eight-inch opening in the rear makes it unneces sary to climb over the guards. ^November. 1936 On the assembly line men throw wheels on the conveyor. An extra piece welded to the liar side keeps the wheels from sliding off and injuring some one on the other side. Hook conveyor *\ stems should be controlled Iv switches that can be locked and started only from the point where they have been locked out. The hook* must be watched as they become bent and wear thin where the part is hung. 28 Two types of tonguca on four-wheel trucks. The hook type (right) was hooked into the table of an electric truck, but at times it unhooked, al lowing the truck to run free. The trouble of this kind has been ex perienced. We have had another difficulty from these tour wheeiers; they are made of Stock which is rolled and oiled be fore being moved to the press is fastened securely to the trunk with load binders. clevis type (left) avoids this hazard. wood and the wood becomes oil soaked tn protect the driver the truck had to be guarded; rails had to be placed on docks to keep the truck from running off, and other precautions taken. Our first step in handling material is the unloading of cars and trucks that deliver material to us. Our own em ployees seldom bring material into the and the side rails break. So our 800 trucks are being built over with steel. This will require some time but the change will aid both safety and econ omy. Steel trucks seldom need repairs. The steel is piled at the press about .50 nr 40 sheets high, This is a one-man job and requires the use of our all-steel tables with adjustable legs to take care of all types of jobs. This tabic is wide enough so that the operator does not. have to lift the steel; he just slides it into the die. One man places the steel on the table for several presses. Some stock is roiled and oiled before Swing moved to the press and it is iiound to the truck with load binders. Where the job is a three-man job the stock is oiled at the press by the man who feeds it into the press and no load binder is shop and we have no control over other used. drivers, but the method of unloading is The partly finished part is then con under our control. Steel coming in freight veyed from one operation to another by cars is unloaded with an electric crane, roller conveyor. The conveyor is built the hazards of which are quite familiar. for this job and does not have adjust Extra care must he taken during the able legs. Here the proper incline is winter months, as when steel is brought important as the parts are heavy-. Too into a warm room there is danger of much incline would cause the parts to skidding when the frost conics out of the piie up and topple over on the operator steel. Our steel comes in three to five- and pinch his fingers when he reaches ton bundles with steel bands around for the next part. He does not need to them. This band is not removed until bend over or make any unnecessary the steel is ready to go to the pickling movements in getting the stock or plac room; it stacks more easily and does ing it on the other conveyor for the next not slide. operation. From 10,000 to 80,000 tons of steel After other press operations these are kept in storage. parts reach the washer and are placed The pickling room has an electric on the overhead honk conveyor for crane for handling material. Cables are transportation to the inspector who inspected daily tor defects and changed places them on either skids or trailers. every six weeks. There are no reverse We have used two types of trailers; the bends in these rallies. old type caused many ruptures and The steel is taken from the pickling bruised fingers and toes. To reach the room on four-wheel trucks and stacked bottom of the trailer the top half had to cool before going to the press room. to be lifted off and placed on the floor. Two types of tongues have been used This trailer was improved by bolting the on these trucks. The hook type was top half to the bottom and hinging one honked into the table of the electric truck, but at times it unhooked, allowing the truck to run free and endangering men working near. We have changed the hook to the clevis type and no more The -leei at the |tre- is piled about . - 3(1. or 111 dieels hiith on all -teel (aides. The (aide has adjustable ieps for differenl jobs and is wide eunuch to permit the operator to slide the Oeei into the die without liftinc. side like a drop leaf table. There is no more lifting, no more accidents and very few repairs. Before going on with the various operations and conveyors, let's return .NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS 29 o the electric and power trucks. There nas been much dispute as to whether these trucks should be guarded and several types of guards have lien in stalled. 1 One employer states that he tells his operators how the truck must be operat ed, and if they fail to follow instructions they are discharged. Therefore no guards are needed. What happens if a driver disobeys and is seriously injured? Will discharg ing him relieve his suffering? Will it prevent his successor from doing the same thing? Why make the operator live in fear of injury and loss of his job when the truck can Be guarded at slight expense? The job of the safety department is to correct the hazard before an accident occurs. What couid you, as a safety engineer, say if your manager were to ask, "Could the hazard have been cor rected before the accident?" The sheet metal guard is of 's inch steel, the angle irons 1 !4-inch, with an eight-inch opening in the back so the operator does not have to dimb over the guard. All handles on the truck are protected with one-eighth hand-forged guards and are strong enough to stand inv blow the handle will stand. The rail is to prevent the operator from, falling out over the top of the guard. The operating rules are simple. The driver must not allow anyone to ride the truck platform unless a helper is requir ed to hold something in place. The driver must always face in the direction he is driving, come to a dead stop and A change in trailer design has pre vented many strains and bruised lingers and toes. To reach the bottom of the trailer it was formerly neces sary to lift off the top half. The top half has been bolted to the bottom and one side hinged like a drop leaf table. blow the born before going through a doorway, and slow down at blind corners. Once I saw a man Setting the oil out of the cylinder of a hand lift jack so the load would drop quicker. When questioned, he said he thought it was supposed to drop quickly. One worker suffered a broken jaw when the handle flew up and struck him. This could not happen with jacks of the newer types but most of them have to use the equip ment we now have. An electric conveyor is used to carry scrap from the press to trucks, also to convey parts from the rear of one press to the hopper of the next. This is also made adjustable for height and it has wheels so it can he moved from one job to another. All moving parts are well guarded. We employ a standard type or roller conveyor on our wheel assembly line. Our only trouble was that men threw the wheels onto the conveyor and some times ciear over to the other side, en dangering the men working there. The speed of this operation does not permit the men to turn completely around and place the wheel carefully on the con veyor. So an extra piece was welded to the far side and this keeps the wheel on the conveyor. A portable adjustable elevator con veyor carries scrap from the press to trucks. Wheels and drums are loaded into cars with an endless belt conveyor with the stop switch located in the car. Our chain conveyor system takes the wheels through the bonderizer on hook conveyors. The condition of the hooks must be watched as they get bent and wear thin where the part is hung. Also, NOVEMBER, 1936 start and stop switches must he placed throughout the shop. The control must be of the type that can be locked and started only where it is locked out. Many a repairman has been injured be cause somebody started the conveyor while he was still working on it. Now we come to the men who receive more criticism than any other drivers on the road--the fleet truck drivers. Our men have had an excellent record, hav ing had no accident during the past seventeen years. Many of them have been with the company for the entire period. As nearly as we can figure, the total mileage has passed the seven mill ion mark. The safety department makes trips to this department every day but we make no suggestions for operating the fleet. We do not lay down any "dont's; " with a record like this anything we could say would be a reflection on the judg ment of the foreman and men. When asked about his record, the foreman replied that the drivers had teen with us for many years. They are all fine men who realize what it would mean to be involved in an accident, and they are courteous on the road. We request that they always give the other fellow the right of way, and that they give assistance to other drivers on the road. There is no set limit within which they must arrive at their destination. (Please turn to page 6q) Partly finished parts being conveyed from one operation to the next by roller conveyor. There are no un necessary movements in retime the stork and plaring it on the eonveyor. 30 Heard at the Congress Excerpts from addresses at sessions of the dents and less prone to fall than are their older sisters. --Ellen D. McKeon, American Mu tual Liability Insurance Co. (Food Section) Twenty-fifth National Safety Congress When Accident Strikes Foremen are persons and not ma chines, and there is no invariable for mula which a foreman can follow in cases of accident. It is seldom that circumstances and details of two acci dents are identical. Rather must he rely on judgment and common sense. His first concern should be for the injured person. During the first few minutes after an accident has occurred, he should be in complete demand of his department. Cool thinking and capable direction are needed while the first im portant steps are being taken which may mean the difference between a minor or a serious injury, or even between life and death. It may be necessary to extricate the victim from a machine, check the flow of blood, start breathing after it has stopped, prevent the movement of frac tured bones or perform some other first aid duties pending the arrival of a phy sician, nurse, attendant or ambulance. The foreman should know where emer gency equipment is located, and though there may be others in the plant def initely given the responsibility of in specting, it is well for the foreman to know the condition of apparatus which he may need unexpectedly. --J, H. Kempster, General Superin tendent, Buffington Plant, Universal Atlas Cement Co. (Cement Section.) Why Programs Fail The effectiveness of a plant safety program is directly proportional to the interest, support and leadership of the plant management. Therefore, the man ager in cooperation with his staff should develop policies and operating plans that conform to standard practice. He should delegate the administra tion to competent personnel. The policies and plans should indicate the extent of the program and allocate re sponsibility and define authority for execution of the plans. The personnel should be impressed with the importance of safety to the company and to each employee. In many cases safety programs have failed to function effectively because company policies were so limited in scope as to be quite inadequate: were confusing to line or staff officers because delegated authority and responsibility were not definitely allocated; were not properly transmitted to all employees in easily understood terms. --/. F. Kolb, National Metal Trades Association, Chicago. (Automotive and Machine Shop Section.) Don't Kick A Man While He Is Down The best method of getting a man back to work is to prevent his injury. Until we reach that Utopia, the prob lem of getting the injured back to work is an important and serious one. The problem is not only to get the man back to work but to get him back in the best possible status. Don't bawl him out while he is suf fering the pain of injury. Don't aggra vate an unstable emotional balance. Don't kick a man while he is down. Dispel his fear of what the injury might be. It is not whether the doctor knows he is unharmed; it is whether the patient believes it. Assure him that his job is waiting for him, or, if necessary, assist him in starting over, and get him back to some kind of work as soon as it can be safeiv done. --Dr, N. E. Eckelberrv, tSession on "The Injured Worker") ' Women In Industry A full knowledge of the requirements of the job should be available in the em ployment department so that the proper type of person will be chosen for the in dividual need. If this is done, nervous or temperamental types will not be put on work of a monotonous and dangerous nature, and those with physical defects will not t>e hired for jobs requiring sound bodies. The age of an applicant in relation to the job is an important consideration, as statistics have shown that young women are more prone to machine acci Build For Fire Protection Processes of manufacture have chang ed materially in recent years as a result of chemical research. These changes have been made without sufficient study of the fire and explosion hazards that may be involved. In addition, recent recovery activities have placed in use buildings which have deteriorated dur ing the depression and which are not in keeping with standard, safe construc tion. Recently a fire occurred in the sub basement of a five-story industrial building. The original fire was so small that only a two-and-a-half-gallon ex tinguisher was required to put it out. The firemen were ready to leave when they noticed smoke coming from an open window in the unused top floor. They found two-thirds of this section in flames as the result of spontaneous ignition from the concentration of super-heated air which had come from the basement through stairways and other vertical openings. The loss of the original fire was nothing, while the blaze in the up per section cost several thousand dol lars. This emphasizes the importance of planning new buildings and reconstruct ing older ones to cut off the spread of dangerous hot air, gases and burning substances, not only upward, but also horizontally. --T. Alfred Fleming, The National Board of Fire Underwriters. (Fire Pre vention Session). New and Transferred Employees Some one individual or group of in dividuals must be charged with the re sponsibility of heading a safety service or organization. However, enviable safety records never represent the ac complishment of any one man or par ticular group. Rather are they measur ed by the degree of cooperation which prevails within the organization. Juveniles never resent being taught, but adults prefer to be coaxed. There fore, an understanding of the slight dif ferentiations in the education of new and transferred employees may be found helpful. --A. A. Nichoson, manager of per sonnel, The Texas Company. (Rubber Section) NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS 31 JPul Safety. fcxzPwnqiL A Round Table in Print use. It is weather-proof, kept locked with the key in the hands of responsible men, and flagged. Line Shaft Enclosures Guard Men on Walkways Serious accidents frequently occur at points where line shafts run dose to working platforms or walkways. The Utah Copper Company has eliminated Angle Iron, Wire Mesh Make Practical Guard The Corduroy Rubber Company, of Grand Rapids. Mich., uses a veneer chopper to cut sponge rubber and guards the danger of such accidents by enclos ing these shafts in tubing as shown here. The tubing is slotted for its full length at the bottom rear to permit removal of accumulated dust. It is supported free of the shaft and is made of scrap pipe. followed by a number indicating the number of days the plant has operated since the last lost-time accident. A ham mer hangs below with the sign, "If you must break our safety record, use this hammer." Weather-proof Box for Storing Explosives This wooden box, easily portable, is suggested by the U. S. Bureau of Mines to store explosives for open-cut or quarry Gold Stripe Buttons Awarded for Safety At the start of a safety campaign at the Carbon Limestone Company, Youngstown, Ohio, employees signed pledge cards promising cooperation in the drive. In return the company prom ised to award a safety button to each employee going through the year with out an occupational injury. The button for the first year's work was to bear one gold stripe. The num ber of stripes on buttons issued during succeeding years was to correspond to the number of no-accident years turned in by the employee. At the close of the first year--400,000 man-hours of work -- all but four em ployees in the plant had earned the right to wear a safety button. Guard Rail Used on Steam Shovels The J. E. Baker Company of York, Pa., has equipped its steam shovels with guard rails. The rails, as shown here. it as shown here. The principal guard which covers the veneer knife is made of angle iron and heavy wire mesh. A second guard is the strip shown at the bottom of the knife which is inserted between the knife and the materia!, so that the operator encounters less risk of getting his fingers under the knife as it comes down. Unusual Reminder " of Safety Record Near its bulletin board the Bath Iron Works has a large pane of glass, sus pended on chains. Painted on the glass are the words, "Our Safety Record," NOVEMBER, 1936 do not run the entire length of the run ning board. It has been found that an open section at both ends of the rail would give the operator a better chance to leap off the shovel in the event that a stone were dislodged from the face of the quarry. 32 A Hunting We Will Go --And Come Back Alive \ HE sport of hunting is one of the Once on the scene this kind of hunter Tlast reminders that this country was demonstrates what can be done with a once a primitive wilderness. And. gun if one's mind really is made up. He executed in the modern manner, it wisaves and flourishes the weapon with also one of the most perilous pastimes all the abandon of a drum major, and grouped under the flexible heading of if someone happens to be within range, "recreation." Game has diminished- well, that's all right--the gun isn't and hunters have increased to the point loaded ... he thinks. where it is a gamble whether a man will Whether or not the gun is believed come home with his own skin, let aione empty, it is a sensible precaution to car that of a few game animals. ry it with the muzzie toward the ground. Todays' nimrod faces a scene in which The hammer should he uncocked, or the the competition is often so fierce that safety catch on. hunters are easier to hit than game. A gun was devised originally tor Barbed wire impediments give him an shooting, but the ingenuity of the human opportunity to discharge his gun acciden mind is remarkable when a man is out tally. And the loading of firearms re on the prairie or in the woods. There, in quires so little effort that it is easy to addition to hunting, guns are used for forget they are loaded. These dangers hurdling fences, for supports or rests for are doubly menacing because many the weary hunter, for hammers, or for hunters are oblivious to them. pointers to call attention to something There is one type of firearm juggler the rest of the party might have missed. who is so impatient for the smell of When guns discharge in the course of powder that he can t even wait until he such use. it is assumed that they must be reaches the battlefield, but must load mechanically faulty. his gun before climbing into his car-- Each year for the past seven years although some states expressly forbid more than 3,000 persons have been killed the transportation of loaded firearms. by firearms in the United States. About As he drives along, he courts disaster by 65 per cent of these have been the vic watching for a promising patch of woods tims of hunting accidents. rather than keeping his eye on the toad. Alarming? Yes. But it is astonish Meanwhile his gun may jiggle off the ing that the toll is not even higher. For seat and discharge at any time. some hunters deliberately ask for the feel of a charge of buckshot. They drag their guns behind them, through barbed wire fences, where the trigger might easily catch. It never occurs to them to push the gun through ahead of them, muzzle first, laying it carefully on the ground; or to let one man climb the fence while the other holds the guns, then pass both guns over the fence in safety. Another stunt which could be devised only by prodigious mental effort is to lean a loaded gun against a tree, espec ially When hunting dogs are frisking about. Still another way to add thrills to the hunting party is to carry a loaded piece in the crook of the arm, so that sooner or later someone will have to be within the firing line. The excuse for this trick is that the gun must be ready for a quick shot. Safe hunters, of course, find they can shoot just as quickly if they carry the gun against the right shoulder, muz zle up, or hold it with the muzzie toward the ground, so that they can swing it into action instantly. At times the element of uncertainty may be heightened by doing one's hunt ing in a boat. Here the inveterate chance-taker comes into his own. He may rock the boat, may decide to change position with someone else, or may keep a loaded gun on the seat beside him, where, in the event that it falls off, it will be sure either to inflict bodily injury or to puncture the boat. In either case it will give everyone something by which to remember the excursion. The safest policy is to avoid venturing into a boat with a hunting partner and loaded guns. If a hunter goes out alone in a duck boat, he should prop his sun with the muzzle pointed upward and away from him. Many hunters refrain from carrying a white handkerchief, because it might be mistaken for the white flag of a fleeing deer. Some wear strips of bright red doth that would muteiv deny the alibi of any other hunter who might shoot hefore looking. But all the requisites of safe and en joyable hunting could be summed up in three injunctions--if everyone would observe them; A gun is not a relatively harmless thing, such as a golf club or a pair of ice skates: it is a lethal weapon. In handl ing it, use the common sense which this knowledge dictates. In shooting, look before pulling the trigger, A man may get a hie thrill out of bag ging the limit, but his family gets an even bigger thrill out of seeing him come home safely---game or no game. NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS After a thorough investigation of the evidence for and against at the close of the last period of acceptance, the juncil on Pharmacy and Chem istry of the American Medical Association has again reaccepted (1935) MERCUROCIIROME, H. W. & D. (Dtbrom-<iti(tuere hotnc?in>#*iiuin i PROMPT care is important in preventing infected wounds. Even minor wounds may become infected when antiseptic treatment is delayed. amxL, J/.W.&2). < Dibrom-oxymprruri-flinirPwein-wMlium) is non-irritating and exerts bactericidal and bacteriostatic action in wounds. Industrial injuries are reported more promptly when Mercuroehrome is the clinic antiseptic, because treatment is not painful. Be prepared with Mercuroehrome for the first aid care of all minor wounds. In more serious cases, a physician should be consulted. HYNSON, WESTCOTT & DUNNING, INC , 1936 34 QnduAfruaL diszatitk. A Department for Physicians and Laymen Lesser Known Facts About Occupational Diseases By ROBERT B. HUNT, M.D. American Mutual LiabilUu insurance Companu ROBABLY the leader in the pa the discomfort now produced by in P rade of industrial diseases is an acute or chronic inflammation of dustrial dermatitis. the skin which we cal! dermatitis. ThMisetals disease may present itself in any type of shop, factory or foundry. Any paste, powder, gas or liquid which comes in contact with the employee's skin, even the water supplied by the town in which he lives or works, may be the potential cause of such a skin disturbance. The wide diversity of causes, to gether with the varying susceptibility of different individuals, makes the problem of control difficult. Much investigation is under way to determine why one person may be sus ceptible to a certain substance while an other is not. it has been proved many times that a poisonous substance formed within the body has been able to prolong the action started by some external in fluence. A printer developed a marked dermatitis from ink which persisted for two years. Finally food tests were made and showed that he was susceptible to lettuce. Removing this from his diet cleared the skin. He returned to his usual occupation without a return of symptoms. Lead: The distribution of lead poisoning is quite extensive. The skin of the body is a protective covering, and as long as it remains in tact it does a good job except in the ease of tetraethyl lead, which is used in blending gasoline and which is readily absorbed through the skin, having a tendency to create changes in the nerv ous system. The effect of othe' forms of lead, through that avenue of entrance, is practically nil, which explains the ex tremely iow poisoning rate in typeset ters, painters and others who continually come in contact with metallic iead. Lead in any form, introduced through the mouth, acts rather slowly when com pared with the inhalation of lead dust or fumes. However, no matter what the portal of entry may be, lead is acted upon by the body fluids and so con verted that it may eventually be de posited within the bones. Those bony safe deposit vaults may retain their iead contents for days or for years, and if the exposure is removed, The poisoning of allergic substances may also free the employee of all signs is usually an accumulative process. It and symptoms of lead poisoning. But takes time to produce a manifestation of imagine the surprise of that supposedly disease, but let any other substance cured person when years later, perhaps cause the disease, and the irritating food following some type of infectious disease may be of sufficient strength to mag or the excessive use of alcoholic bever nify its action. ages, he awakes to find that he suffers All cases of dermatitis cannot be (he aches and pains and paralyses of an aired by eliminating offending foods, acute iead poisoning. As the body fluids hut further investigation along these alter lead that it may be deposited, so lines may give us a clue with which to may those fluids attempt to de-lead the lessen the loss of time from work and body, and too rapid absorption may pro duce the original disease with all its dis comforts. One can readily see, then, that in some cases investigation of previous occupa tions is quite necessary to determine the original contact with lead. Heating of molten lead causes a black scum of lead suboxide to form on its surface, and the heat from the metal disburses the fine powder into the air. Hence, in the process of smelting ores such as zinc, copper and silver, mixed with lead, we find a rather high lead poisoning rate. Those engaged in the manufacture of lead wire and cables, batteries, glass, pottery and rubber industries, plumbers and users of dry colors offer their share of lead poisoning cases. Probably the greatest source of lead poisoning may be found among those who sandpaper, scrape, chip or burn iead paint, for the dust and fumes caused by those activities are rather rapid in their action. Such workers may become in capacitated in a few days because the inhalation of lead dust causes the maxi mum amount of absorption into the blood stream in the minimum space of time. Chromium: Chromium is a metal widely used as a foundation for colors, and dusts from its various salts may produce lesions of the skin and mucous membranes of the nose. Chromium plat ing by electrolysis may cause fumes which are similarly irritating. Although chromium poisoning does not usually cause death, the number of days of ab sence from work on account of inca pacity which it causes is gradually in creasing. Other Metals: The most efficient portals of entry of foreign substances into the body are the nose and mouth. The smaller the dust (the size of smoke particles for example, the greater the speed of absorption by the blood. Fumes from hot metals carry not only poisons but numerous minute dust particles. This explains the incapacities occurring NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS Reg. U. S. Patent Off. RESPIRATORS npHE Dupor Respirator No. 24 provides * needed protection against Type A or 'neumoconiosU'Producing Dusts, it is approved by the U. S. Bureau of Mines, No. BM-21I1. The screw cap lid is eliminated by the new constru tion. The filtered air passes easily between the PLATE EXTRU SIONS to the protected opening and then to the interior of the Respirator. Safety in construction is paramount. The marginal edge of the plate is curved Inwardly so as to anchor the filter pads securely and to prevent leakage. The filter pads can be quickly replaced with new ones, or the old ones may be cleaned and used again. The soft, strong, flexible rubber used in the face piece assures a comfortable and tight fit against the face. The new features of DUPOR con struction assure all the highly desirable qualities of the ideal respirator. These are-- 1. Large Filter Area, securing, a. Easy Breathing b. High Efficiency 2. COMFORT 3. Light Weight, only 4 ounces without filter pads. 4. Good Vision. 5. Compact. Easily fits pocket or small box. 6. Audibility and Drainage. 7. Almost No Dead Air Space. 8. Low Cost and Long Filter Life. The filter pads are 4*s inches in diameter and have a clear entrance filter aperture for both pads of more than 24 square inches. Price #27.00 per Dozen Upon receipt of #2.25 one will be for warded as a sample, postpaid. It has only to be tried to be appreciated. Money will be refunded if not as represented. Baste Patent No. 2,000,064 Detail Patents Pending and Atloned CHIPPEWA-A, SOUTH BEND, SND., U. 5. A. NOVEMBER. 193<> 36 among those engaged in acetylene and The factor which should be borne in during the past decade its advance into electric cutting and welding. mind, particularly when dealing with the industrial field has been widely dis When men are so employed over a silicosis and asbestosis, relates to the tributed and most important. Led by prolonged period of time, the constant progression of such disease. When carbon tetrachloride and its chemically inhalation of fumes and dust might pro changes occur within the lungs as a re associated members, it has furnished in duce symptoms of the metal upon which sult of the presence of such dusts, nature dustry with refrigerants, excellent sol they work. In the shipbuilding trade, forms scar tissue to heal such lesions vents for rubber, wax, oil and grease, particularly in the construction of metal but may fail to stop when the job is thinners for lacquers and a very fine ships, we find occasional cases of metal- finished. As a result, the continuation household necessity for the removal of fume fever. ``Brass chills" and "spelter of that healing process may lead to such spots from clothes. Hospitals have been shakes" from zinc are names applied by structural changes within the lungs that using it more and more for the removal the lay people to such diseases. The ter partial or total incapacity may follow of adhesive plaster. rific heat applied to some of our com months or years after the employee has Due to the non-flammability of car mon metals and alloys bv acetylene been removed from his dusty occupa bon tetrachloride, it is used in fire ex torches produces sufficient fumes to tion. tinguishers. The rapid evaporation pro cause a temporary incapacity in 24 hours. Permanent disability from such Benzol-Benzene duces fumes which may smother a small blaze, but we must not forget that ex causes is rare, however. Benzol is a distillate of coal tar used cessive heat of the actual fire may bring Diseases Due to Dust extensively in industry. It is an essen- about combustion sufficient to produce triai ingredient in the manufacture of such by-products as hydrochloric acid Twenty-five per cent of all workers exposed to high concentrations of inor ganic dust are expected to develop changes within their lungs due to that agency. We are at a loss to explain why the other 7S per cent are not so affected. Mining, quarrying, foundry work, grinding, sandblasting, abrasive soap manufacturing, asbestos work, the mak ing of emery and carborundum products and many other occupations offer op portunities for employees to inhale mic explosives. It is an excellent solvent for grease, oils and cements, and because of that property it is important in many phases of the rubber and cleaning indus tries. In the manufacture of shoes ben zol may be an ingredient of the dressing applied to the leather and of the cement which fastens the heels and soles. Not only in the shoe trade but in other branches of industry where employees work with gummy, sticky material, the workers soon iearn of the solvent and cleansing action of this liquid and use and phosgene gas . Like its associated member, cholorot'orm, it may produce sleep when inhaled by an individual, and only 1/3S0 of an ounce in a quart of air is necessary to produce such action. That thought must be remembered when a large quantity of those liquid products is spilled on the floor, perhaps accidentally. Action should be started at once before the liquid gasifies, and employes should be notified to keep their heads up to avoid the low ceiling of gas. Chemists have developed and intro roscopic dust particles and create a foundation for possible future inca pacity. it freeiv for that purpose upon them selves. The subsequent outbreak of skin afflictions may be the first indication of duced to industry many new products, the basis of which is the chlorinated hy drocarbons. These derivatives of petro We are interested particularly in those men who work with sandstone, quartz, flint, granite, and sand, because they expose themselves to silica, and the such unauthorized use. Benzol is extremely poisonous, enter ing either through the nose or mouth or absorbed through the skin. Its action leum distillation are frequently combined with those from coai tar to form valua ble chemical combinations. They have been placed on the market so rapidly chemical changes between that dust and the body fluids, in the presence of tuber culosis, may and usually do lead to a fatal ending. within the body is varied and may pro duce a multitude of signs and symptoms. The bone marrow becomes affected which in turn alters the character of that medical science has been unable to determine their physiological effect upon the health of man. We have known that some of these chemicals are capable of It is safe to say, in light of our present knowledge, that the action of other in organic dusts is much less virulent and incapacitating. That, however, does not allow us to lower the vigilant methods the blood; hemorrhages are common; it may cause death. The fumes from benzol are heavier than air and lie near the floor, which is an important point in the engineering creating changes in the liver, and only recently in a city in Massachusetts one of these newer products caused the death of two employees and a battle to retain life among two others. to improve dust control and protect em problem of ventilation. ployees, because all dusty occupations The members of the benzene group Carbon Monoxide are potential trouble makers. Although the actions oi various dusts differ within the body, the exposure to asbestos fibres, present in the weaving and grinding of dry asbestos material, offers another type of dust which may cause fatalities among workers. The organic dusts from cotton, silk, wool, tobacco, flour and similar sub stances are practically harmless. Such are absorbed through the skin, and more cases of poisoning are found when men perspire than when their bodies are cool. Probably the answer to that is that the fumes may solidify as they cool and the powder may settle on the skin. The sweat on the body may dissolve this dust so that it is more readily absorbed through the increased surface blood supply. You remember the adage. "Where there is smoke, there is fire. ' We might add to that, "Where there is fire there is carbon monoxide." This odorless but poisonous gas mav occur in any industry or in any home, but the poorer the ventilation the better the chance of producing physical in capacity. Since the advent of the motor car. dusts rarely reach the lungs but mascause irritation of the windpipe and Chlorinated Hydrocarbons whose exhaust pipe may pour forth as high as six per cent of carbon monox larger air tubes and result at the most in This group of petroleum derivatives ide. we are all exposed to that gas, par a mild bronchitis. has been known to science for years but ticularly in crowded cities. The ordin- NATTON.4L SAFETY NEWS 3 ('radically every plant hu loca tion* or processes with Are or explosion banned where protecUve lighting equipment U speci fied by the National Electrical Code, Beniamin Kxploilon-I'roof natures are luted by Under* writers' laboratories for Class I, Group !> haurdaus locations such as chemical plants, refineries, pyroxylin plastic pro cesses and where petroleum, alcohol, oatural (u or acetone vapors are present In the atmospheres, Mercury-Incandescent Combination Many Industrial processes require normal IdenttAcatlon and discrimination of colors in addition to the accurate perception of minute detail provided by Mercury light. Beniamin Combination Al lures for Mercury and Incan descent lamps improve the color distortion of Mercury lighting alone to a point where colors appear in practically natural values. The*e natures are widely Med in textile mills, furniture and woodworklhg (Hants, etc. SAFE SEEING is the result of RIGHT LIGHTING! The hand is surer, the eye U sharper, the mind is keener, where eye fatigue is minimized by scientific modern lighting. Tired eyes reduce alertness, re duce the quality and quantity of produc tion, in addition to increasing the acci dent hazard. Right lighting is good accident insurance --its premiums are paid for in dividends from the profits of better production--its EXTRA DIVIDEND m tht cause of Safety costs the purchaser nothing! Before you conclude your plant lighting insures SAFE SEEING consider the fact that nearly every plant executive who views the above picture of a satisfactorily lighted plant will conclude: "Our plant lighting is satisfactory." Yet only i in 100 will be right! Because only i out of 100 American plants is utilizing all of the features and special applications of modern industrial lighting equipment as exemplified by Benjamin lighting fixtures. The reason: few plant executives have thoroughly investigated all of the features of a modern industrial lighting system. The investigation must cover such factors as < 1) overhead illumination (2) main tenance () specialized units (4) fixtures for hazardous locations and corrosive at mospheres (3) units with breakage pro tection features. The first step in a checkup of your plant's lighting is the return of the cou pon. Please send it today! REN7AMIM Lighting Equipment Benjamin Electric Mf*. Co., Dept. NSN PUincs, Illinois. d like to bo into this subject of liahtine. so send me "6 TFSTFD WAYS TO MAKE Lit-'HTINC1 PAY" and details of your Checkup Service. Firm Name NOVEMBER. 1930 City 38 ary passenger car liberates about two cubic feet per minute, and one can readily estimate the physical damage that may be done if such a motor is allowed to run within the doors of a poorly ven* dated garage or shop. For tunately, serious cases of such poison ing are not common among those em ployed in public garages, but many em ployes are likely to complain of head ache and faintness at the end of a day's work, especially in colder weather when doors and windows remain closed. In the steel industry, where gas is used as the heating agency in the blast furnaces, care must be taken to provide proper ventilation. Within the mines, workers are warned to allow enough time following blasts for the escape of this gas. Infection The skin is a protective covering of the body against infection and is ex tremely efficient as long as it remain in tact, but allowing it to be broken or punc tured introduces bacteria, and a battle ensues between the offensive agencies of infection and the defensive powers of the body. The winner of such a struggle may determine the presence or absence of incapacity. Infections are common throughout industry, but two types are particularly prominent--infection re sulting from anthrax and infection among meat packers and fishermen. Many of our fur, hair or woolcovered animals may contract anthrax. The germs of.. that disease defy the ordinary methods of sterilization and may Unger on hides, bristles or hairs tor long periods of time. Tanners, wool sorters, and hair or bristle workers may introduce the anthrax spore beneath their skin and undergo much physical suffering and sometimes death. Infections are frequently found among meat and fish packers and those engaged in deep sea fishing. Although death rarely occurs, the loss of fingers, hands and nasty septic wounds are the result. Summary I feel that the time has come when an employer must demand of a manufac turer the answers to two questions: 1. How will your product affect my busi ness 1 How will your product affect the health of my employees? That employer is entitled to honest answers based upon sufficient chemical and physiological examinations of the questionable product. Too many lives have been lost or jeopardized by too little knowledge of a product's action upon those who handle It. Ferro silicon Industrial Data D-Chem. 20 A. Problem 1. What are the hazards of ferrosilicon and what precautions are necessary in its use? B. Hazards 2. The principal hazard is that of poisoning by inhalation of the gases that may be given off, especially in the presence of moisture. C. Discussion 3. Ferrosilicon is prepared by melting iron ore or steel shavings with coal or coke and ganister or quartz at a temper ature of about 2,000 degrees centigrade i 3,632 degrees Fahrenheit) in an elec tric furnace. In making steel, ferrosili con is used for removing objectionable gases and oxides and also as an alloying element. When alloyed with cast iron, it affects the carbides and renders the iron soft and gray. More concentrated silicon alloys are sometimes used in cer tain processes for making hydrogen gas and in the manufacture of explosives. 4. The hazard in connection with fer rosilicon results from very small percent ages of phosphorus together with other elements which may be present as im purities originating in the raw materials used. In the presence of moisture the phosphorus compounds react to form phosphoreted hydrogen or phosphine. This is a gas which in sufficient quanti ties is decidedly poisonous. It has a strong and distinctive odor somewhat re sembling garlic so that its presence can be readily recognized. The stability of ferrosilicon depends upon its silicon con tent. grades below 48 percent and above in percent being entirely stable and ferrosilicon in these ranges does not give off any appreciable quantities of phosphine, even in the presence of moisture. It is, therefore, only in the intermediate range between 48 percent and 65 percent that there is any appre ciable hazard. Symptoms of Poisoning 5. When a person has breathed poison ous gases liberated from ferrosilicon. the symptoms of poisoning usually de velop quite suddenly and are character- ized by general and abdominal pains, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hemor rhages, loss of consciousness, dilated pupils, cold clammy perspiration and coma. Cases of poisoning have been mistaken for cholera, gastro-enteritis, ptomaine poisoning, pneumonia and in fluenza. First Aid 6. When a person displays any symptoms of poisoning because of the inhalation of the poisonous gases lib erated by ferrosilicon, he should be promptly removed to the fresh air and. if conscious, be given a mild alkali drink. If unconscious, the prone pressure method of artificial respiration should be started immediately after the patient has been removed to the fresh air. In all cases of poisoning the services of a doctor should be promptly obtained. Precautions 7. Ferrosilicon should be stored away from such places as offices and work rooms or living quarters of any descrip tion. 8. All buildings in which ferrosilicon is stored should be well ventilated and dry. (See Note AM Ordinarily, in an open factory building the natural venti lation through monitors in the roof or through windows is sufficient if the fer rosilicon is kept dry. 9. If men are required to handle wet ferrosilicon in a confined space, artificial ventilation should be provided. 10. In case phosphine has been al lowed to accumulate in a closely con fined space such as a closed room or box car. so that a strong odor of the gas is noticeable, no one, unless he is wearing a suitable gas mask or fresh air hose mask, should be allowed to enter the room until it has been thoroughly venti lated. (See Note V.) NOTE X. Detailed information on ventila tion will be found in National Safety Council Safe Practices Pamphlet No. 37 `'Industrial Ventilation." NOTE Y. Detailed information on fresh air hose masks wilt be found in National Safet> Council Safe Practices Pamphlet No. 6-i `Ttesnirators, fins Masks. Hose Masks ami P.tithing \npatuttis." National Safety Council, Inc. 20 North Wacker Drive Chicago, III. NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS :w monTHIV PUBLICPTIOnS nncionni Publiihed by the shfetv council, 20 North Wacker Drive, Chicago inc. NOVEMBER, Wfi Sample copies gladly sent on request 10 JhsL SuIhJtuL BoaJvdL----------- A page for those who maintain the Show Windows of Safety --------------------- ---.... -....... . Conducted by STAN KERSHAW FROM A FOSTER.-MAKJS SKETCH PAD ] OWE U)A^ OP FiiODlJDG oor VOPO Woks AT TME BULLETIN fa E3oa|2D UZ( SPOT OF COUOR.ON) vuauu to AnreMT Arre^TtoN f 1 A For out OF DOORS BKTR1C U6PT and poster INSIDE Bo\ y\ fee? 5H01AJ IDEA, 1 (\ K irlpi?CTLV U6HTCD 'Edubtii^ Board AND PISPLAV CA^e NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS : WE TOO ORE BT WAR/ )K3f\ Thousands have : already been killed and Injured this year 0R "r Wjhwjn. . ' if I'i ' Bnllsf foday in fhe * NEW WAR ON 4C- ' /CIDBHTS. Help to - ^-defend yourself and ` your fellow-men. W ^ourSajfllj 110 Trim.. IT'S OUR JOB 15 VDURBE5T Z OvMnaAtjUi ; to fflOTHEfi and QflD NATIONAL S A f t. T Y <; f.s L* N ACCIDENTS ** '~ gggll|i|ll| NATURE'S LAW: The survival of the fittest We cannot always work without making dirt, but we can da better work if we keep it cleaned up. CLEON UP 05 VDU.CD 0LQI1G .All NAS * r T * tk'N<l| w-i. CIVILIZATION'S LAW The survival of the CAUTIOUS NATION*' ,,,SfTy C) U N r | | MWf KNOW NO MERCY KEEP ALL GUARDS /N PLACE- HE KNBU15 HI5 JOB FACE WELL SPRAGGED SAFETY POSTS IN PLACE ` WORKING PLACE IN GOOD ORDER AND . , , HE USES A BAR FOR SLATE ' .r<*A W/P IT UP BEFORE /T , ^owj you dow/v Do you know that you and the company pay for all ac cidents and that a no-acci dent record helps the com pany to keep you employed NATIONAL urbdii mnnoxinE^qiR ffl^punTanFiT MACHINES DON'T CAUSE ACCIDENTS Its the Operators who use them LlaO^K L;TOrK UOOfK THEIR GOGGLES WERE BUSTEDBUT THE MEN STILE mm ieh 1 unit KEEP UP THE... DIR PRESSURE Draqqu steerinq caused by low tire pressure is tirinq TIRED DRIVERS are ACCIDENT MAKERS T,oN * , ; ft f r T y 'Hthm C O N c , l ||| ss t u. .*ntrv yk*s BEFORE MAKING LEFT TURN FROM THE CRADLE THE GRAVE ACCIDENTS THREATEN US 1M . 110 . 110 .1.1 30 4<J . i.. 50 60 i.. TO mvi TC 90 nAm*oa*auMxVStXrfMciaai"U.ttifl fA*a0&*dtaJiHhaL*M0 r.?' (Mama UVCfUlSo OAOilTHACSCESXEASM*D* CMWlHn3andit(ahaaia*t NATIONAL , f X T Y COUN S . > * * WS5 RRoCj ; > > >!*!}'.).(. ` w*}* ` ` * !. PREVEnTinG in luster v^>xn tf* tiaat tt tumad an and ' tfcc wMwiawi irt cfaud, IWc pr- fjftbsr* utc an a ww irtJMnj. niFFEREHT CamWlliife atatatiait may 9*< dty n tmdcr, tUtK e!< ttxrty Lc- tMi mk flammable upit k(MH nn nvif cm* Snad and mmtad. and the tpon- tanaoui lynil.an at aily xyt bftamet max pxtalant neat MMHto ai IkiL Wiwn dicta t> ice and we*. Kxt ax max dilli<H ta iijM and theie ii itwiyt a ctiance that eatuvjvii^crt and tiydfanU may be traicn. HIM national } u'ih THE KIND OF A WORKER WE HAVE NO USE FOB/ . .V'^. V>\ ' )<4t /r >\; / i \ Do YOU kNOW Of Amy Safe WHEN YOU USE t CHAINS TO LIFT HEAVY LOADS THERE'S JUST THIS MUCH METAL BETWEEN YOU AND guard For A WANDERING DANGER KLiOUL NEVER OVERLOAD A CHAIN I trnW 4HD miuu Ii v& Safety* SnAbiudtwfL QaJvdA, Practical Information for the Man on the Job AFETY Instruction Cards are pub Children and Traffic .......................... 327 S lished primarily for the instruc tion of workers in safe operating Hazards to .........................................................338 Chlorine, safe practices ,............ 346 Cleaning: machine parts ...............................137 Cleaning with distillates .............. ,.,,..316 methods. However, their distributioCnlothing for machinists ........ ,230 among foremen and operating executives For cold weather ................... ,.............. .......269 For men ....... ,.................. .......................... . S3 is also advisable. These cards present For women ...... .................... . 84 a wealth of practical information in con Cold chisel, cutter or punch head, proper shape for ....................................... . 28 cise, readable form. New cards are issued each month, Compressed air-=practlcal jokes 291 Couplings, link and pin ................................. 46 Crane and hoist operators, advice to...... S8 and many of the previously issued cards Crane Signals ......................... ......................... . 5 Cranes, locomotive (steam driven) ...... 296 are being revised and placed in stock. Crushed hands, avoiding .............................. S3 Members are invited to submit sugges Cutting oils and compounds ...................... 304 tions for new subjects or for the revision of cards previously published. While these cards are not intended primarily for bulletin board use, some members make enlarged photostatic copies to serve as posters. Most comoanies, however, feel that the informa- jn is too specialized for bulletin board splay and use the cards most effective ly by distributing them to individual workers engaged in operations covered. Miniature reproductions of 12 cards added to the iist during the current month are shown herewith. Following is a list of previously issued cards now carried in stock: Dog Bites, to avoid ................................. 176 Drill press operators ...... ................................ 87 Driving Ions: rods ............. 21 Driving- vehicles, attention to driving....209 Backing ............................ 198 Bad weather hints ................... ,279 Braking distances ..........................................216 Choosing routes .............................................. 251 Courtesy in driving ................. 275 Four basic driving rules ......... 319 General suggestions .................... 170 In plant yards ................ 312 inspection by driver ...................................236 other drivers* mistakes ......... 303 Parking ................ 235 Right of way .......... 346 Setting out Hares ..........................................292 `Silly Sam Drives Out** ....... ...347 Speed control .............................................. ...,186 Stopping on highway at night ............260 Traffic hand signals ....................... 335 What to do in ease of accident ...........183 "Willie the Weaver" ...... 336 Drums, handling ........................... ............. 44, 132 Dust explosions, preventive measures.,..239 Su bject Electric line work, safety lines .......... 9$ Acid and caustic pipe lines, opemriK flanged joints ........................ .........................117 Acid, sulphuric--handling ..242 Acid tanks, repairing ........ . Cleaning out large tanks .124 .293 Air hoist operation .................. ......... ..142 Aprons, protective ................. Artificial respiration ............. .......; ' 228 'us Asphalt Workers .................... .............326 Auto tires, inflation ............... ....................... 208 Axe, how to handle ................. ................... 191 Electric motors, starting ............................. 60 Electric truck operation ................................ 300 Electric wires, safe carrying capacity,... 13 Electricians ....... ................................... ............. ,128 Elevators, inspection and repair ............104 Operation ........ 41 Freight elevator inspection .....................271 Sterilizing goggles ....................................... 323 Excavation Workers .......................................322 Explosives, storage ............. 118 Opening dynamite case ...... 157 Preparing bia&t with cap and fuse ,...34 Babbitt, pouring ............................ Belt, to put on a pulley ................. Removing from pulley ............. 139 ... $ 193 Explosive vapor, removing from drum..171 Extension cord, fastening plug to ... .... 26 Bicycles ....................................................... Boiler gage glasses replacing . Boilers, low water ............................. ...241 ...103 . -339 Safety Instruction Cards are Boxes and crates, shipping Bricks, how to pile , ............... Broken glass, how- to dispose of Building wreckers .................. .. 2 43 244 .301 ' printed on white card stock, 3 by 5 I inches, slightly heavier than gov| ernment postcards. In any quan- Cable Clamps ............................... Camp fire hazards ..................................... 24S Carboys, safe handling .............. 195. 224 Carpenters ............... -............................................ 127 Carrying long materials on shoulders 39 Case hardening with cyanide .... 133 ain links, hooks, castings--detecting laws in ....................... 3 ain slings, safe loads ................ S3 determining need for annealing or normalizing .......................................................267 Safe use of ...... -......................................... ......151 Chemical laboratory practices .......... .207 Chemicals, protection against 42, 280 ; tity the price is one cent per card I (all of one kind or selection) with . a minimum order of 25 cents. I Stamps or cash may be sent with | order, or an invoice will be ren- dcred. The order should specify "Safe ty Instruction Cards," and give the numbers of the cards selected. Eyes, care of ....................... in Eye protection, making goggles comfortable ........................ ...................... .... ,.162 Keeping goggle lenses clean ........ .........246 Falling objects ........................................ ,.163 Falls, general ................................... Things to look out for ........................... 185 in the Home ......................................................335 Files .......................................... Fire, to put out clothing .............................. 23 What to do in case of ..............................122 Fire extinguisher, soda acid ............... 17 One-quart pump type .................................. 18 Checking for winter ...... _264 Fire fighting, electrical hazards ..............247 Fire prevention, inspection*check list....227 First Aid, acid and caustic burns ......... 75 Artificial respiration ................. ..165 Burns ................ 196 Carbon Monoxide ............................. ....115 Emergency stretchers ................................ 252 Fractures .................. Frost bite ................................................. 211 145 Minor injuries .................. ....233 Nose bleed ..... ............... 229 Shock 284 Simple tourniquet .......................................... 73 bleeding..... .............. 149 Flammable liquids, storing ......................226 Flash points .............................................. 265 Fly wheels ........... 283 Foot comfort .......................... ^16 Foundry, sate clothing for .........................309 Fumes, nitrous .................. -................................ 219 Fumigating with cyanides ...........................217 Fuses, removing and replacing ............. 274 Garage mechanics ......................... S3 Gas leaks ............................................ ....ISO Gas masks, identification of canisters....212 To test for air-tight fit ............................. 97 Care of icanister type) ..............................305 Gas welding--cylinders'............................... 99 Gas and oil furnaces, lighting burners .166 Gases, explosive ranges ................................ 290 Gasoline, precautions in using ..................331 Gasoline blow torches ..................................... 76 Gasoline engines, cranking ......................... 190 Glass tubing ..........................................................287 Going to and from work ................................ 15S Grinding wheels, to cheek peripheral speeds ........ io Grinding wheels, mounting on spindles.. 50 Flange dimensions .........................59, 66, Handling and storage ............................*256 Safe operation ......... 102 Making ring test ........ io.s Guards, use of .................... 150 Punch press ...... ,...307 Hair, protection ............................ 238 Hammer heads, fitting to handles 6 Hammer hints ..................... 31 Hand protection, discs for ....... 23 Hand tools (See aiso saws) ......................... 86 Sharpening ............. 192 Hand truck, two-wheel ................................ 126 Four-wheel push truck ..............................166 Handling materials, warehouse and shipping room hazards .............................. 2S2 Health, general suggestions ....................... 141 Colds ..................................................... ,............. 126 Headaches .............. 152 Vacation hints ................................ .....'"""221 Heat exhaustion ...................................... 57 jg7 Home hazards ........ .'...129 Home outdoor hazards ,..... 321 Dry Gleaning ................................................. ,276 Fire dangers ....................................................... Hooks, hand ........ ........................... .................... (Please turn to page 50i NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS 161 174 49 FALLS IN INDUSTRY FATAL falls of persons era increasing year by year. Her* ere some common sense precautions I, Always teak in th di fiction you of* wafting. 2, Hurrying on slippery pr uneven surfaces, stair* at romps it hoiordous, 'i. Oa not stand an bores, (jorrat*. chairs, or other makeshift supports, 4, if carrying same bulky " object that obstructs yeur view git half, S. When going up or down stairs, WALK and Via till handrail provided, nivef run, 4. Face towards a ladder. whether climbing up or dawn-, carry nothing in tbo Hanoi, Kup away tram the edges of ete*atd plot' form* and stag.ngs, unlatt handrails, safety baits, of other adequot# sofeguordt an pro* vided. I. Mot* tun by pnviout tot that any lately bolt, cable, at other support *41 sustain your weight. When alighting from vehicle!, face n the di< reclion at travel. Oa net ohght from, or try to bear* env vehicle m motion. 10. Piet up any lease object* in your path, arrange (hem to ethert witj net trip ever them, it, Lang or teaia (ranter cufi* may be dangerous 'f ladly Tarn or ill.fitting thoet, or sheet *ith loose Incet or High haeft. era unial'c, (ifS) SAFETY INSTRUCTION CARO No. 161 Revised Oct , ini BAD WEATHER DRIVING (Hints fop Motor Car Drivers) ! Drive slowly on tfippery raed*ayt; ttap, turn end ie brakes *.ih caution, 2. Approach curvet, hdk, brtdget, raibaad tracks, danger and caution ngnt with reduced ipeed and eitro cere. 3. Before descending steep ar slippery grade! shift into lecand or to* speed, 4. Make twre the windshield wiper operate! effec tively. *i: Sleet on the windshield may be avoided by mpmg the flats ith glycerine and by railing at knocking up the re or end af the head la let the engina heat help melt the ke, t, in heavy mist or (eg eta the headlights *.lh depressed beam, lha upper beam ar a spatfight .-!! flora back at yaw, * | arght driving wipe the mud or snow tram headlamp! frequently; aiie clean (he entire windshield alien. 9, Keep out of ruts k mud, me* and fresco ground. Beware af eaft shoulders, If off the pavement slow den and turn back ith greet ear* ta avoid a tkid ar a Wch ini another traffic tone. Spinning the rear heeii only digs deeper ml# mud ar sn. Rack the esf forward and back a Ir- inches repeatedly outuntil you can pud or back (Qj safety instruction card No. 279 These are miniature reproductions DIE SETTERS REFORT to your foreman if tools ond equipment suggestions I, `lop the machine before set ting dies or mating adjust ments. I!';"'-2- 0* n( set a die unlit you are sure it it <n good condi* I '< to protect your Honds use r. rag or -isle t w.pa <t bolster and dies. A, Use at (east four clomps for eery die, mole sure they iio not interfere with any safety device i-d that chimps and bed of press or All slack chutes ond conveyors must be placed ,n position before job is considered complete 4, Place a steel shield in front of dies to protect yourself from splinters the first few times the press is run ?. When towering the mm, moke sum that the press is hilting hard enough. Tighten the ram null before making adjustments. 6, Be coreful when placing ar removing belts: see lhat the woy it dear far a swinging belt. Dcs not leave o belt rolling idly over a puiiey ef line shaft. ?< Remove all sharp burn from screw heads, balls etc,i ud be sure the jab is set perfectly before leaving .1, (jjj) SAFETY INSTRUCTION CARO No. 350 GASOLINE SERVICE STATION (Som? Housekeeping Suggestions) I, Oa net permit oil or grease la ramain n 2. If loop and water are used la scrub the pavements, dean *4 (he soapy water thor oughly. j. Never use gasoline far cleaning purposes, i.-ghl fuel a,! effective and saie. 4. Remove -ce ond snow as soon at possible. If necessary, use a sprinkling of sand ar seme S.miior substance la caver sfippery spots on the pavement temporarily. 5. Repair promptly, or report to your supervisor lor repo-r. any prosen parts of drivewayt ar .oiks i Keep yeur sheet fre from #4 and grease. Aa>d ihees having rubber heeiS. 7: Ferm.t no obiects about (he station which might foil on or strika potsersby. Leave no the drvewayt ond walks. , if on old,style greasing pit -t used, keep the steps o\ the pit thor oughly clean. ' t-on pfem.jes. QZt* (?JI S*(fT INDUCTION CAHO No. 351 PROTECTION AGAINST (GROUNDED WIRES I IINEMEN, when working on ona hne. are often s--ivb-.eited to haloids tram savarai other circuits near by with ith they may not bo familiar, if ts imparlant. therefore to caver -In rubber goads each member h<h it grounded, ar which may be grounded, and h^h is in or clast to the pc., w.ory waring position. Theta members may inciuda' r Secondary c-ru-tl. one wire ef which ,t always grounded. 2. Telephone cobl# and mes senger euru.ti. whveh art ojwdys soldidly grounded. J. Telephone l-sled pa.rs-- they may be graunoed, 4 Transmission boo ground wira risers, which e-e always wf> grounded. h. Lightning arrester ground m risers' they ora connected ,|h Sow res.stance ground. 4 Police cab wires, and Sr a aiorm leieg-sph .res they aro oddilionaf good graundt, ?: ^vy wires wilh broton or defective breaker*-- (hey may ba eh greunded, 9, Braces and alhar pelt attachments elate to these grounds. Actual !1m?i Safety instruction card No, 352 size of cards 3x5 inches KINKS IN FIBER ROPE EV.`\Y precaution should be taken to ovoid the kinking af a fiber rape, kinks weaken the rope, and even o moderate strain miqht cause the rape to toil where a kmt has occurred. Kinks sometimes occur when uncoiling a new rape. To avoid these, lay the coil on the floor with the inside rope end down, Than reach dawn through the center of tha coil and pull {his inside rape end up. and unwind the coil caunter-clack:e (from right ever to left). If it uncailt fram left over to right, turn (ha co-l ever and pull the rope end out an the ether side ana proceed as before. After o rope hai been used it may become tinted Do net stretch the repo out along the fleer mi the effort ta take cut these kinks. Coil <t up caunter-cieclwU* (from _ tight ever t- left! When you reach the end af the rape, pass this end down through the center of the ceil, turn the eod over, ond recoil I he rape clack-wise (from left ever to right), (See alia Safety tnslrsrc- c t:n Core No lOd) ' SAFETY INSTRUCTION CARD No. 353 C ARRYING LONG AND HEAVY PIPE BY HAND MEMlERS af each yrtw stieuid lake the utmost car* ta wart tegethef Accident* sometime* result because e men sUrlt to l.f or let* go of the 'eed before (he *ther ore ready. Here era other luggeilent Use Ihe proper tael*--O carry.g bar with a U.shape to fit the pipe. > vO'ry.ng tongs. Never ute neleth.ft teed *. When l.tt.ng bend the Inees. piocmg the load on the leg visa in.go musfet--net an tha abaem-nai ama bed muscles, ieep the back fa-rly perpendicular } Take a firm grip an the tili ng bar or tangs; be sure yeur held will not ti p, 4 I.,ft at a given signal of your supervisor, a4 members #t the crew l.ftmg and moving to gether. S. Carry the lead without sudden storks or stops: move siewty end (ate care to pfoco your feet 4. Stop at (he appointed piece, end wad far the Signal tram yeur ?. Lower the leae care(vl|y heaping at the knees as you did when l-ftmg, and lowering slowly w.ih eli ether members af fl SAFETY INjTRtfCTlON CARD No. 354 * NOVEMBER, 1936 CHLORINE CONTAINERS COME handling and Storing sofa practices ate ^ os laflewi t Handle chiorina containers so that they oil *( ba bumped or dropped Two men m hendi-sg ore soier than one ? Avoid ho slmg containers. Law rubber Iwed t?v;kt or task sr, ora preferable { it honi ng ^ ntcassary use safe l.lk ng clomps, ropes ore second choree Aeid cables or cheie ii.gi 4 Store containers (up to ISO tbs I vertoily see that they are supported so ihe* cannet fed ever S Arrange o storage place where containers wdi be shielded (ram any mechanists dsturbence, especially moving objects. . Storage location* should ba tree ('ram estremes af (emperatura. High temperatures ore esaecehy dengeraut, cowling high pressures and increasing pein . L4.ty of teaks. Keep centamers away fram / hot rsd-otors or bat > pipes. When containers |< eft equipped w.lh tun ' hi* plugs bad leaks ara likely at temperatures ever (M degrees Fahr, a SAFETY INSTRUCTS CARO No. 355 50 CARBON MONOXIDE (Hint* to th* Motor Cor Driver) CARION mnnaiido h JtoWI? gat, kitting guictly and without varning it largo quantity. Evan iaatWMia*in minutt eentantrolian, ( may in^uto tfrawti. U and a fatal en tho crowdad highway. Frtih air it tho any tgrt softguetA againit rt (. Safara itorting your out*, mobito angina, open tha garaga doart wi(o, 2, Navev <rcwt under your " <f whila (ho angina it running. V Rp tRo angina in good {noil<!)n --h t*mbitien at complata at patubla. by fraguant intsactian, a*|utmant 4. Mata turn that a!) parti f tha manifold. afault pip* and tha myfflar do not fast. *5. 8* doubly tattful t puitnt got loot* through ii manifold tat haainr. 6. Nf driYt with all the <rindat at yaur car 7. j'Uapinoit white drinng may indicate tha pro*rnea of carbon manonda Stop at *na. gat out ana' wait about -n tha open if thon d'oe with window* open. 0. Avoid following other outomobiUt too ciotoly then eihauit contnini carbon Iftonend# which may oalily dtdt into your cor. (C^J SAFfTV INSTRUCTION CARD No. 357 CARE OF YOUR EYES (Eye Diieomfort and Foiiure) R^tOST panent protect thoif avat corefuffy from * 1 eceidentol injury. (See Safety Jnitfuctn* Card Na. ID.) lot many da net rtalUt that their eytt can be leriouti* in(ured by very com. men abuitt and neglect. Among an avarago group of IOO werirrt, from W U M uiuefiy need lomt kind of carroctroA far tbeir eyet. yet probably need correc tion when, m reading, the page rnuit bo held very cleia (near ughtedneie); or whn A mutt be held at arm i length (far nghtednen). Other lymplamt *f inereat eng aya-faitura are. tmerting and rednett, iniammalioo. easy eye fatigue, frequent headache, end other phoiei ol dittomforl. Eyet muit tea gurtUy and accurately ta aiiiit ut in avaidmg accident, lea often their fa.iure in aUrtneit n a contributing cauio of mechanical injury la handt or ather parti of tha body. ft it odriiobie (a hare yaur eyet eiamlned by s competent petton oieiy to yean, far their efiectireneu change! rap.dty. Let him preicribe, and li gloitet are needed, wear them far yaur protection. (jHf) SAFETY INSTRUCTION CARO No. 358 TOYS AND PLAYTHINGS (Soma Small Child Hazards) t. Select toyt and playthingi with tha tafety of children iwayt in mind, 2, Do not allow children to ptay with metal tayf which have (harp pointt or edget. 2. Seriout fallt may bo cavted by layt left on tttpt, ilairwoyt end wait*. 4, Small children have a way of putting anything into thoir mouth* and wt notify choked; keep alt imali object* out of their reach. 5, Avoid throwing retar bfadet, bottlei and modi* cmat into wait# boikctt: children may find (hem, 4. Keep metchet where children cannot get them; put the iticli of ''dead" maichet. cigar and Crgaret bvtti into doted container*. f. Do not permit tmgtl children to play with feolt, or to play where tool* may faR an them. 8. Rtatect thiWron from apart firet. from Vitsben itavet and ai cooking vedelt, and from kitchen utennii and ather abjecti which might fofl an them ar be puAed aver an them. Safety Instruction Cards (Continued front paj/e tSi Horse, a well designed ......................... Horses, suggestions tor handling Horseplay .................................................. Hours of danger ....................................... Housekeeping, inspection list ....... Salvaging materials ........................... 172 164 25 G 23 ny Fee slipping hazards .............-............... Tee tongs .............................. ........................ oicles ................................................................ -attention ................ -................................ .njured worker ......................................... 107 il\ 177 510 jacks, safe use of ............................... -- janitors, wwtiepers and cleaners .... Kite flying' ........................................................... Knives ............................................................ Knot, underwriters ,................................. Knuckle guards for trucks and wheelbarrows .................. . 134 40 144 24$ (.adders, setting up .................... . . ............. 1G Om-rving .............................................................. Climbing .................................................. *.......... 1 Extension ..................... Maintenance .......... I"-' 340 Step ladders ................... 362 Working from ........ ........... ...... -.32 4 Lathe.*, .di-purpose metal-working ...... W Lead poisoning, protection ...... 116 Lifting--safe methods ................ .... 35 Linemen, care of leather vqmpment 2S$ Linemen's climbers, to sharpen ................ *? Live wires, to free person from ............... 1$3 Machine operators ......... =......................... 3u* Machine shop workers ............ .... 295* Maintenance and repair (working on machinery) ......... 259 Maintenance .and repair men . ....... T9, 253 fiafe Clothing .............................. -.23?* Making safety .suggestions . .......... 109 Manila rope ..... 72 Care when not in use ........ 14 On re of .............................................. .......106, Testing in the held .................... 231 Manila rope slings, safe loads ........ . 4 7 Masons, brick -................................ 13a Stone ......... 220 Matches .................... 1V2 Meta! planer operators ................................. .299 Milling machine operators .......................-.29" Monkey wrenches .............................................. 264 Motormen and conductors .......................... 4$ alls, how to start ...................-.................... 153 ew employees, helping ........................... ,...lol Tips to ....... 302 Office accident causes ................ 77 Office hazards ...................................... ................ti l OH storage tanks, cleaning ......................... 70 fillers, advice to ............................................... 74 tilling machinery ............................ H7 l-ainters, brush--lead poisoning ................289 Pedestrian traffic safety ................... .313 Pens and pencils ........................ .................... 272 Personal safety check list ........ ...... .........181 Picks ........ 176 Piling materials, general ........................ .--.140 Hags of cement ...... ...................................... 249 In process near machines ....................-266 Pipe fitters ........ ...................... ...........................215 Pipe lines, blanking off ............................... 100 Pipe wrenches ..................... 188 Piping systems, identification of ............ 20 Plant yards, safety in ---.................... ......318 Pneumatic hammers and chisels ........... 2 Poison ivy .................... ............................. ........... 30 Poison oak and poison sumac ............ ...... 64 Poles, dismantling defective ..........45, 169 Testing before climbing ..... 232 Portable extension lamps . .................. ......... 67 F'nsture ............................ ..................................... 90 Power hammers .......................... .................... ,-317 Power press operators, advice to ....... -- 65 Power trucks, operation of .......... ........... 43 Practical jokes--compressed air ........... 291 Punch press guards ..........................................307 Push tools for jointers and saws ............. 2$ Railroad cars, unloading ....................... 342 Railroad Crossings ....... ....... ............. ............. 328 Rescue work, broken ice ................... ........258 Self rescue ........................................ 278 Resuscitation, .tee arhtiriat rrsptratnm Roil scraper (for cleaning power- driven rolls) .......... 24 Rope, fibre--maintenance ; ......................,106 Rope knots and hitches ..Tain, 246, 285 Rope hitches and slings ........ ............... i, 210 Rupe, protecting from chemicals ............. 62 Rope and biock shies ........... ........... ............ 88 Rowboats, general suggestions ................ 337 Rubber gloves, care of ..................................,214 To test for leaks ...................................... 4 Safety committee chairmen ...... ....... ,...296 Safety Committeeman ............ ...... .. ...341 .safety inspection, unsafeprac`*ce .....325 Mechanical check list ................. 3.13 Sanitation and hygiene ...... 3u8 Saws, circular--dent's ............. .......... ........... 54 Operating speeds ................. 254 Haws, cross-cut--how to carry .............194 Hand, how to use ........ ............... ............... 255 Hand, how to start ..................... ......123 Hwlng, cut-off ............................ ..143 Scaffold planks, identifying ......................... 32 Safe loads for ................................. ................ 120 How to test ......... ................................ ......... 15 Scaffolds, suspended ......................... 78 Swinging ............... ...... ............ ........................,334 Scissors and shears ................ ....................... 240 Screw driver ...... ,257 Screw machines, hand ...................................344 Sheaths for sharp pointed toois ____....184 Hhoes, safety ............ ...........................................234 Khoring trenches .......................................... ...167 Skidding cylindrical objects ....................... 11 Slings, angles and capacity ................... ... 24 Sling chain hooks ......................................... . ...159 Snakebites ................. ...............................,,,.20l Soldering ........................... ...................................,~.164 Spiders, "black widow" .............................__ 250 Spray coating, general precautions ......227 Prevention of fires ...................... ............ r277 Stacking cylindrical objects ................... Stacking pipe and round bars ............111 4 Stairways, ramps and fixed ladders ....... 37 Stairways, how to use ................................ ...146 Step ladders ..................... .............................. ...262 Storerooms and stockrooms ................... ....130 Suggestions, safety, making .......................109 Summer camp safety ......... ..........................-.320 .199 j4un, troke .................................. .......................... . 56 Swimming _____________ ______ ______ _____ 330 Tackle, lifting capacity of (wooden shell blocks with manila rope) 61, 69, 86 Lifting capacity of (steel shell blocks with wire rope) ........ ...........86, 95 Tank cars, loading flammable liquids__80 Opening dome covers ............................. 12 Unloading acids ................................................ 94 Unloading flammableliquids ....................LQ5 "That tired feeling" .......................................168 'Thawing frozen pipes ............... 131 Timbers, setting in mines ............. 27 Toolkcepera .............................................................136 Toois. portable electric ................ 91 Electric hand ...... 243 Harden tools ........... jh Traffic hand signals ................ .335 Tree felling ....... 218 Tree trimming ........... 205 Warning signs, colors to use .....................ilz Location .................. 160 Style of lettering ................... -..................119 Watchmen, suggestions for ..................... ... 3f Water, life saving ............... 223 Weights of materials, dry materials ...... 138 Liquids ..... 213 Welding, electric arc 6$ Wheelbarrow, how to handle ..................187 Wind force ........................ ..................... ...............270 Window cleaning, safety belts .......... ....... 92 From ladders ..... --....... ...110 Window glass, carrying ..............................,,155 Wire rope, lubrication ............................. 98 Putting on a seizing -.................... ............. 263 ftfe loads, vertical slings ........................ 263 Uncoiling and unreeling ............... 49 When to discard .................. ............. ........... 19 Women shop workers ................... ..332 Working benea'h a ear ....... ....................... 25 Wrenches, use of............... ....... ............,,.lTM...Ill Track wrenches, use of .................. 311 NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS a THaw Lincoln had a good answer. "Long enough," he drawled, "to reach from his body to the ground il.IT seems like a good rule Tto apply to a business. It ought to be big enough to do the job it is intended to do. Have you ever thought about the size of a company--what makes it big or small? It isn't the directors and it isn't the stockholders--but the public. No business grows, and keeps on growing, unless it meets the peo ple's needs and renders a worth while service at a fair price. The Bell System has developed along those lines for over fifty years. It has grown as the nation has grown. It has to be big to pro vide efficient, adequate telephone service to 127,000,000 people. NOVEMBER, 1936 SELL TELEPHONE system Did You See It at the Exhibit? By C. H. MILLER T WAS there-in fact, nothing was materials on the same poster as the hibit, which was effectively illuminated, Imissing from the all-inclusive display of safety equipment at the 25th Na tional Safety Exposition, "cause.'' alone was visible to the eye. Safe walkways was the key of the American Abrasive Metals exhibit, added the right touch of industrial at mosphere. Dust control was emphasized by show 1 In case a few of the products escaped where samples of anti-slip treads, floor ing one unit of a complete line of port your attention, just come with me on plates, and other products or safe floor able and stationery vacuum cleaning this tour of the Exhibit, and we will re ing were displayed. systems, also an exhaust unit tor grind view again this interesting and instruc The American-LaFrance & Foamite ing wheels by the Associated Guard tive panorama of safety products. Industries exhibited units representa Manufacturers. Illuminating shields fur The American Mutual Liability insur tive of its complete line of fire extin grinding wheels, guards for punch ance Company departed from the usual guishing equipment, including Alfite ex presses, and woodworking machines and display practice by the use of "black " tinguishers and systems, Foamite extin other products of safety were shown by light to feature accident cause and effect guishers and systems, Childs soda-acid this exhibitor. in safety education. A series of safety extinguishers, Arctic non-freeze carbon Rubber gloves for hospital and industri posters was displayed, each illuminated dioxide expelled units, and other types al use were exhibited by Frank E, Barnes alternately with white and invisible light, of portable extinguishers. Here also were Company, The main feature of this ex changes taking place instantaneously found gas masks, inhaiators. and other hibit was the Barnes reinforced yellow, and without visible reason. This ex units commonly used by lire depart black center, electrician's rubber glove, hibit adapted the method? of luminous ments, Interesting motion pictures iSujctv Engineering, made its first offi stage effect?, overcoming the difficulties -bowed the equipment in use on actual cial bow to the public in its new venture of using ultra-violet light with fluorescent fires. as a division of the Alfred M. Best Com materials where external lighting can not The beautiful exhibit of the American pany. Safety Engineering magazine it be controlled. The observer, viewing Optical Company carried out its func self needs no introduction, as it has been the posters through an opening in a tion of stopping ail who came into the closely identified with industrial safety shadow box, saw first the picture of a exhibit room for a more careful inspec for many years. 'cause" illumined by ordinary white tion of their wide-range of safety gog Infection wouldn't have had a chance lights. The light then automatically was gles, Sound movies were employed to at the exhibit under the watchful eyes of shifted to "black" light, and the picture tell the story of eye protection, and the "First Aid." In a modernistic setting. of the "effect," painted in fluorescent photographic background of this ex Burroughs Wellcome & Co. featured the NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS ...INCLUDE FRIGIDAIRE WATER-COOLING EQUIPMENT IN YOUR BUDGET FOR 1937! Frigidaire Water-Cooling Equipment throughout pays for itself in a short time and continues to earn your plant is one of the soundest investments you can a big investment return for years to come. When we make in 1937. It is convincing proof to the men on the say "pays for itself" we mean just that. And we're job that their welfare--- their health and comfort--is of ready to prove it to you by a FREE survey and estimate prime importance to you. No other outlay you can in your own plant. make in factory modernization will win more confi It will pay you to get complete details. Find out dence, more goodwill. how little it costs you and how much it saves you to And looking at it purely from the viewpoint of have cool, sparkling water throughout your factory. profit, it is equally sound. Because Frigidaire Water There is Frigidaire Water-Cooling Equipment for every Cooling Equipment means greater efficiency in every need. Efficient, dependable, economical. Investigate at department. More production, fewer mistakes and once and include Frigidaire equipment in your 1937 budget. accidents. It also means a tremendous saving For free survey and estimate see your nearest Frig in dollars and cents over oldmethods. A saving so t that Frigidaire actually agaaasflaq FRir.lDAIRFi HWWMIff MADE ONLY Y CifNERAL MOTOR* f idaire Commercial Dealer or drop a line to Frigidaire Corp., Dept. 65-11, Dayton, Ohio. nVEMBER. 193o 54 "Tabloid first aid `Pac-Kit' '' in a dustproof and moisture proof container, also "Tannafax" tannic acid jelly for burns, Hynson, Westcott & Dunning exhibited mercurochrome in the familiar appli^ eator bottle and in other forms used "'hiefly in the hospital. Robert A. Bern ard displayed standard first aid anti septics in his own convenient applicator ampoule. The exhibit of the Bradley Washfountain Company, manufacturers of group washing and bathing equipment, consisted of stainless steel, precast and enameled pressed iron wash fountains, a three-compartment, semi-circular group shower, and a drinking fountain. The washfountain was of the foot controlled type, 34 inches in size and sufficiently large to acommodate ten users at one time. Stewart R. Browne Manufacturing Company's exhibit consisted of portable and non-portable lamps of non-conduct ing material. An automatic vapor-proof lamp and a water-tight, gas-tight, non sparking and non-conducting flashlight was featured, also a new explosion-proof lamp of the 40 watt size, which has just been developed. This lamp has a non conducting "Tuffite" handle and a globe support which cools the metal portion and also eliminates a large percentage of the globe breakage. A new grounding damp for tank cars and a copper alloy cable were also shown. Safety shoe manufacturers are cerliniv not at fault if industry's feet get hurt for they are turning out enough protective footwear to take care of every worker. Safety shoes are no longer thought of as heavy and unattractive, as they may now be had in the smartest of styles and even your neighbor may be wearing them for Sunday best. The Brown Shoe Company showed its complete line of Safe-Toe shoes, featur ing the right shoe for every- purpose. H. Childs & Company featured the Iron Age safety shoe line which incor porates a rust-proof steel toe box. The Internationa! Shoe Company, manufacturers of Hy-Test Safety Shoes, had a very attractive animated back ground for their display. This company featured an entirely new last for the first time, which is lighter in appearance than standard styles. Another improvement was their shoe without a back stay, de veloped to eliminate ripping and discom fort. The Reece Wooden Sole Shoe Company emphasized the rocker action of their well-known "Perfect Rocker" wooden sole shoes. A special feature of their display was the wooden sole shoe with a built-in safety steel toe. This shoe provides both toe and sole protec tion and is to be worn in plating depart ments. forge plants, hot stills, coke ovens, foundries, under extreme condi tions of heat, cold, acid, oil, or water. Lehigh Safety Shoe Company feat ured their new cord rubber sole, which is now used as standard equipment on Le high box toe shoes. This new cord sole is of special compound and was devel oped to keep men from slipping in places where a sure footing is difficult. All rub ber footwear with safety toe manufac tured by Lehigh is now equipped with genuine leather soles to stop the rolling of the insole. A complete line of leather and rubber safety box toe shoes were displayed by this manufacturer. Safety First Shoe Company, pioneer manufacturers of safety shoes, featured their complete line of steel box toe shoes. The giant boot which identifies Safety First shoes could be seen from all parts of the exhibition room. This huge boot is nearly 8 feet in height, and the length is 5 feet 4 inches. Its actual shoe measurement is size 168. The Red Tung Brand--"The Shoe with the Tongue that Talks"--was dis played by the Safety Shoe Company. Their line of safety shoes is divided into three classifications: 11) regular work shoes; [2! work shoes made over dress lasts for special purposes; and (3) cus tom-styled dress shoes. This exhibitor has introduced a unique system of safety shoe installation which provides the fac tory management with a complete record of the shoe requirements of each em ployee in the plant. This record is made possible by first sending a shoe fitter to the plant, who measures and fits the wo-kmen with correct shoes, entering all this information on a card-record sys tem, which is turned over to the em ployment manager or to the safety en gineer in charge. Closely identified with safety shoes are the Gro-cord and Raw-cord non-slip soles and heels which were d'splayed by the Lima Cord Sole and Heel Company. This exhibitor showed the construction p-ocess of this well-known type of safety sole. Louis Gerber made an attractive ar rangement of his product--an antiseptic solvent cream for the protection of the skin against irritation and infection. This product is known as "Boon, the In visible Glove." Safety belts of various types to pro tect men while working in perilous posi tions. and guards for all types of edged too's, as well as various products in leather, canvass and fibre for industrial use. constituted the exhibit of the R. H. Buhrke Company. E. D. Bullard Company conducted a series of demonstrations and "card talks" on their principal lines of safety equip ment. The products featured were: hardboiled hats; hose, canister, and special masks; gas indicates; protective hand cream; cylindrical first aid kits, and the new Bullard Weatherproof Kit; the new Bullard Waterproof Kit and Combina tion Belt Kit; Morenci Safety Belts; compressed air purifiers. What is claimed to be the first alloy steel sling chain was shown by Colum bus McKinnon Chain Corporation. The principal feature of this new chain is the NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS 0 Practically every 1937 automobile will come equipped with Safety Glass All-Around. This fact, emphasized by car manufacturers, makes its use in practically every type of common carrier of great importance. Every effort to extend its use to all types of vehicles is surely in the interest of greater public safety. IJBBEY-OWENS-FORD GLASS COMPANY' , . . TOLEDO, OHIO I 55 LI B B EV S WENS NOVEMBER. 1936 *,- ft %i*- P L A if IE All-aro u^d ORD extraordinary strength ami long-wearing dispenser-, together with pure sodium qualities which make for safety, Severe chloride tablets and combinaiiuns of so tests have shown the endurance of alloy dium chloride and dextros for the pre steel chains, ' vention of heat exhaustion were shown H. S. Cover showed his new Stupor No, 24 respirator which has just been approved by the Bureau of Minys^^AIr., Cover's exhibit also mciuded^xvater ny the Fairway Laboratories. Inc. This company now offers the new metal hop per unit, in addition to the familiar glass hopper unit. chamitered cuts tight rulther goggles. Huntington Laboratories' lamp illum Davis Kim-rgenry Kquipment t'om- inated dermatitis hand was convincing pany, inc.. devised an attractive -citing proof of tile need for an effective germa- for their display of lirst-aid and sufets t itle for the prevention of oil dermatitis. equipment. They featured particularly Derma San, the trade name of the pro air supplied paint spray and sand blast- duct, is a colloidal emulsion, claimed to inn protective equipment: the McDon i>e non-poistmous and non-irritating, ald -atety hat; linemen's climbing industrial safety clothing of all kinds, tooi-,. the Davis Mt dispenser, and imiudintr -tsSiesto- -nit.-, leggings, ap main other miscellaneous products. ron-, giove-, guantiets. and other articles A new cup type goggle. the frame and tor the protection of the workmen from lens retaining ring- of die ;-i Dow- head to foot, made up the display of the nn-'.ai. wa- -hown in t". II, Dikson Holtomb rifely Carmen! Company, f ompany. Xon-ilammahle. dear, side in a new, easy-to-review display, In- shield* on -peitaiie ijpe goggles were dii-irni Cloves Corporation showed not atiotiter new development of this exhib link it- well-known standard line of itor, who also -howed a featherweight -teei-Crip ptotective apparel, Imt also a protective mask. wide variety of newly designed products, The Do .More ' hair Company dis f if -ni l i d inlere-t were `he new revers placed varinti- models -n 'heir lot'ivi ible i-i-i-i.i- gloves, welder - gauntlets, posture chairs, imbibing a -peiu) be- mb hand guard-. -inn tor tile exn li'ivr, another called the liM-mtn-h as industrial I'rodtu-ts Com Air-Duct clerical pn-ture chair, aisii sev pany handle tdl kinds of accident preven- eral type- of I to More t.ii tory i hair- oon equipment. their exhibit was inelu- I;.|m atiottai bulletin imtird di-pi.tys to -ive of prttt tically all products for indus promote employe tmperalion in wa-te- trial -afety. eiimination. quaiily production, m-i . on- Dust lontroi equipmem w;t- featured trol. ,t,a idem prevention and -mme-tion- iiy -everai manufacturers. The \V, W. ior improveim-nt, ai-o management in *iv Manufacturing Company displaved formation i iiar.it teri/.ed the exhibit oi ;t -m;tII unit of tiielr dust liiter equip lie Kliioii sen ii e ompany, ment, < ompiete with exhau-t fans. Fite latest model- ot -odium chloride I hr-e units i an be furnished to handle air volumes of' front a few hundred up to many thousands ot cubic feet. The sly "i'urair" Helmet was also featured as a ( ompact unit. in the Spencer Turbine booth, heavy duty, portable vacuum cleaners were in actual working condition. This manu facturer also showed their Drill-Vac dust collecting device used in connection with rock drills, and a moving picture reel illustrating the use of industrial type va cuum cleaners and their Drill-Vac in connection with rock drilling in quaries and mines. Attendants at the Keystone View Com pany's booth were kept busy giving vis ual safety tests by the use of telebinocuiars. This instrument provides a means of checking eye sight quickly and mak ing it easy to select those who are quali fied to perform the different types of work. fniform garments for industrial work ers were displaved by the Keystone Coat and Apron Manufacturing Corporation. This company not only provides a com plete line of washable service uniforms for both men and women, but their ser vice also includes a survey of the plant, recommendations for uniforming, and adequate samples. it would not be a safety exhibit with out a complete line of fire protection equipment. All of [he latest models in fire fighting apparatus were shown, Wal ter Kidde fit (.'ompany showed a mmdiete line of up-to-date Lux portable equipment, also an improved Lux Auto matic system for protection of the most erious of modern fire hazards. Motion picture films illustrated the effectiveness of Lux on actual fires. in addition to vaporizing liquid, loam, soda add. ami-freeze, and t U. >. .il ium Dioxide type tire extinguishers. *he I'yrene Manufacturing C 'ompany also exhibited the new Hydrogarrie '. iter type extinguisher which is discharged b\ pressure released from a carbon dioxide gas cartridge. Here was ,d-o seen the I'homaire play pipe, a new foam-making water nuzzle, MacWhvte Company ,-howed new mvelopments in sling designs of -peciai braided construction. Through the iim of picture.-, an outline of the many fea tures ot safety -lings was emphasized. These braider! wire rope slings are used throughout industry for handling all kinds of material. Among a number of important new developments in safety equipmem dis played by the Mine safety Appliances Company was the MSA .abrasive mask. The new devices for splicing electrical i I'lrasr turn to /urge ,>-) NATIONAL MIT n WAVS THE B&L DUST COUNTER ,> ADVANTAGES OF THE B & L DUST COUNTER It is both j. Sampler and a Counter Can be used hy anv safety engineer or plane fore man. 3b hast tv j'or table 4a Gives an esa.-t .mipansou at ar-.v nme ti:u many location 5b Twelve tests wan he made without vium'im? slides 6a Kir-.Cies pctni.i:-: f d;dc f *r urrSer -.rxttyatinn of sample if nevcaai'v. 7b Ir.eonspicvtuus .ui4 .u.k*.men. .mi distract work 8a Sample can he ijun-k.lv examined or. ukatioit or r: the laboratory 9b Appro'-ed hv well known osthoritics 10. Low price. AA hat you see through the B & L Dust Counter Eyepiece-- A measure of the dust condi tions in your plant easily in terpreted numerically r (or i.umpanson and control. REVEALS TRUE DUST CONDITIONS IN YOUR PLANT Many uf the silicosis and other dust hazards claims could be easily avoided by knowing dusc conditions in your plant. The new B & L Dust Counter furnishes you with positive means of knowing whether or not you have dangerously dusty conditions--and points the way to controlling those conditions. The accurate results, simplicity of operation, and low cost of this instrument make it an indispensable piece of equipment for every industrial plant and safety engineer. For complete details, write to Bausch & Lomb Optical Co.. 681 Ft. Paul Street, Rochester. N. Y, Bausch & Lomb io y H .x uMB v`i-H< 41- it ji. Pajf ai , Rt.hftr, < be Sviv H L LHisi WE MAKE OUR OWN GLASS TO INSURE STANDARDIZED PRODUCTION NOVEMBER. 1930 FOR yOUR GLASSES, INSIST ON B & L ORTHOGON LENSES AND B * L FRAMES 58 Division; Heavy Machine Shops Divi Trophy Winners in sion, Group A (over 100,000 average monthly man-hour exposure); Heavy Machine Shop Division, Group B (un Seven Sectional Contests der 100,000 average monthly man-hour exposure); and Light Machine Shops Division. During the 12-months' period 267,792 O THE winners of sectional no 3. Lyiccs Southern State Line, New Orleans, employees worked 561,788,579 man Taccident contests, representing s!x .ypes of industry as well as com La. Tankers Division t. L*0 Shipping Company, Ltd., Aruba, N. mercial vehicle operation, 123 bronzWe . I. plaques and 51 certificates of merit, de 2. The Atlantic Refining Company, Philadel hours. The average frequency rate was 8.030, The three winners in each Division, or those with perfect records, are as fol noting exceptional safety records, were phia, Pa. lows: presented at the 25th National Safety Congress and Exposition in Atlantic City. The industrial awards totalled 99 plaques and 51 certificates. Included in the industrial contests were 816 units, representing six sections of the Nationai Safety Council member ship--the Marine, Metals, Paper and Pulp, Petroleum, Public Utilities and Rubber. The records, which were made public at sectional gatherings during the Con gress, were made possible through the combined efforts of 818,253 workmen, who labored a total of 1,348,698,221 safe man-hours. In the Vehicle Fleet Contest 24 plaques were awarded. Engaged in the competition were 590 fleets, comprising 38,760 commercial vehicles. An aggre gate of 664,702,000 miles is represented in the safe driving record accomplished during this sectional contest. Contest periods in all sections but the Petroleum and the Rubber were Ju'v 31, 1935 until June 30. 1936. The Petro leum and Rubber competition ran from January 1, 1936, until June 30. Marine Section In the Marine Section Contest first L Venezuela Gulf Oil Company, Maracaibo, Venezuela, Harbor Equipment Division, Group A L U. S. Engineer Dept., Gulf of Mexico Divi sion, New Orleans, La. 2. Erie Railroad Company, Jersey City, N. J. 3. U. S. Engineer Dept., Ohio River Division, Cincinnati, Ohio. Harbor Equipment Division. Group B 1. Standard Oil Company of New Tersey, New York, N. Y. ' 2, The New York, New Haven Sc Hartford RR Co., New Haven, Conn. y, Boston Tow Boat Company, Boston, Mass. Stevedoring Division I, Lago Oil and Transport Co.. Ltd., Aruba, N. W. 1. ' l. Lykes Bros.-Ripley Steamship Co., Port Ar thur, Texas. I. Lykes Bros.-Ripley Steamship Co., Tampa, Fla. Shipbuilding & Repair Division, Group A 1. U. S. Navy Yard, Norfolk, Va. 2, U. S. Navy Yard, Mare Island, Vallejo, Calif. h T.L S. Navy Yard, Boston, Mass. Shipbuilding & Repair Division, Group B l, Erie Railroad Company, Weehawken, N. J. 1. U. S. Engineer Dept. Great Lakes Div., Cleveland, Ohio. t. The New York Central Railroad Co., New York, N. Y. I. U. S. Engineer Dept., North Pacific Divi sion, Portland, Oregon. 1. Mystic Steamship Company, Boston, Mass. 1, U. S. Engineer Dept., South Atlantic Div., Richmond, Va., Steel Mills Division, Group A 1. Continental Steel Corporation, Kokomo Div., Kokomo, Ind. 2, Republic Steel Corporation, South Chicago Works, Chicago. J, Great Lakes Steel Corp., Ecorse, Mich. Steel Mills Division. Group B Sc C t. The Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co., Soutr Chicago Works, Chicago. 2. Great Lakes Steel Corp.. Hanna Furnact Division, Ecorse, Mich. 3. Republic Steel Corporation, Niles Plant Warren, Ohio, Rolling, Finishing & Fabricating Division, Group A 1, The Chase Brass & Copper Co,, Cleveland Ohio. 2, Berger Manufacturing Co,, Canton, Ohio. 3, Pullman Standard Car Mfg. Co., Butler, Pa, Rolling, Finishing & Fabricating Division, Group B 1. Revere Copper & Brass Inc., Baltimore, Md Div,, Baltimore, Md. :. Central Tube Company, Ambridge, Pa. 1. Continental Steel Corp., Chapman Pria Div., Indianapolis. Ind. I. Republic Steel Corp., Grand Crossing Plant Chicago. 1, Union Drawn Steel Co., Beaver Falls, Pa 1, Lehigh Structural Steel Co., Allentown, Pa Foundries Division I. Lycoming Mfg. Co., Plant No. 2 & No. r Williamsport, Pa. I, Haynes Stellite Companv, Kokomo, Indiana 1. American Rolling Mill Co., Sixth S: Foundry, Ashland, Kv. Heavy Machine Shops Division. Group A place plaques were awarded in five divi sions--liners, tankers, harbor equip ment. stevedoring, and shipbuilding and repair--together with certificates for Metals Section Sixteen out of 202 steel plants and units entered in the Metals Section Safe ty Contest completed the year ending 1. Lycoming Mfg. Co., Plant No. 1, Williams port, Pa. United Shoe Machinery Corp., Beverlv Mass. 3, General Electric Co,, Philadelphia, Pa. second and third place winners. June 30 with a perfect no-accident Heavy Machine Shops Division, Group 1 Ninety-one units were entered, repre senting 87,975,029 man-hours of labor by 83,289 persons. The average frequency for the con record. Bronze plaques were awarded to first place winners and certificates to second and third. l, C. Hager & Sons Hinge Mfg. Co,, St. Louis Mo. " 1. D & B Pump & Supply Co., Los Angeles Calif. I. Noera Manufacturing Co., Waterbutv test was 12.629, which is a three per cent The groups were as follows: Steel Conn. decrease from last year's rate. Twelve units completed the contest with a per fect record, as compared with nine last year. Mills Division, Group A (over 200,000 average monthly man-hour exposure); Steel Mills Division, Group B & C, (un der 200,000 average monthly man-hour Light Machine Shops Division t. Western Clock Companv, LaSalle, 111. !. llg Electric Ventilating Co., Chicago. 1. Titeflex Metai Hose Companv, Newark N. J. _ The winners follow in the order in exposure): Rolling. Finishing & Fabri Paper and Pulp Section which they are placed: cating Division. Group A (over 100.000 Fourteen at" 130 mills entered in the Liners Division I. Lykes Gulf West Mediterranean Line, New Orleans, La. 2, Lvkes American Gulf Orient Line, New Orleans, La, average monthly man-hour exposure); Rolling, Finishing & Fabricating Divi sion, Group B (under 100.000 average monthly man-hour exposure); Foundries Paper Industry Contest had perfect no accident records. First place plaques for winners in Di visions I and II, together with certificates NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS 59 Because Some Thoughtful Employer Gave Them a 1937 SAFETY CALENDAR I Published and Sold by the NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL, Inc. NOVEMBER. 1936 for .second and third places, were pre sented by C. B. Auel, of Pittsburgh, a past president of the National Safety Council. The contest was open to all mills and units having an average monthly expo sure of 6,000 man-hours or more. The first division was limited to Pulp and Paper mills; the second to Paper and Board re-manufacturing units. Nearly 46,000 employees worked 100. 491,110 man-hours in the 130 mills en tered. There were in all 1,517 disabl ing injuries with an average frequency rate of 15.096. Seventy-one mills main tained frequency rates below the aver age. The first, second and third places in the various divisions were as follows: Division I, Group A (100,001 average monthly man-hour exposure and over): L Hollingsworth & Whitney Co., Algonquin %: Taconnet Mills, Watemlle, Me. 2, Bryant Paper Company, Kalamazoo, Mich. L Anglo-N'ewfoundland Development Co., Ltd., Grand Falls, Newfoundland. Group B, (60,001 to lou.uuu average monthly man-hour exposure); 1. Kimberly-Clark Corp., Badger-Globe Mill. NVenah, Wis. 2, St, Croix Paper Company, Woodland, Me. L Fraser Paper Limited, Madawaska, Me. Group C (30,001 to huiiOO average monthly man-hour exposure): l. International Paper G>, Little Island. N. Tonawanda, N. Y, j Continental Paper St Bag Gup., York Ha ven, Pa, 'L Finch Pruyn & C'mpanv, Gkn> Falls, N. V, Gkoi p D (6,000 to ;o.00n average monthly man-hour exposure}: 1. The Harriman Company, Harriman. Tenn, 1. international Paper (>., Webster Mill, Orono, Me. L Bird & Son, Inc., PlnllipNoale, R I, l, Hollingsworth Sc Whitnev Co , Aroust<*ok Sc Cobbossee Milk. Gardiner, Me. 5 United States Gvpstim Co., Noith Kansas City, Mo, I Central Fibre PmdLCts Or, Iiu : Vnnennes, hid. ! Spaulding Fibie t i-mpam bn ; Mdton, X, H, t Hollingswottli & Whitnev Gv Ahonaquis Mill, Madisoty Me, Division i! * I.'mon Bag Sc Paper G?p Gro,er> Mil), Hudson Falls, X V U Kimhcrlv-CLirk Gup., Atlas M.ll Apple ton, Whs, f Texas Corrugated Box Co, Dallas. Texas Petroleum Section Twenty-four oil company units out of 219 entered in the Petroleum section Safety Contest went through the ~ix months' period from January I to June 30 without a single lost-time accident. First prize plaques and -erond and third place certificates were presented to winners in seven general divisions: Manufacturing: Marketing: Drilling: Producing: Natural Gasoline; Pipe Lines U General Petroleum Corp. of California, Los and Tankers. The average frequency rate for the 219 units entered was 14.091. In the six months' period 222,714 em Angeles, Calif. 1. Shell Oil Company, San Funcisco, Calif. L Hope Construction Be Refining Co., Pitts burgh, Pa. [, Gulf Companies, Houston, Tex. ployees of the various entries worked 1. Marathon Oil Company, Tulsa, Okla. 239,434,543 man-hours. The list of plaque and certificate winners follows: Manufacturing Department. Group A (Over 1,000.000 man-hours). 1, Standard Oil Co, of Louisiana, Baton Rouge, 2, Union Oil Co. of California, Los Angeles. >, Standard Oil Co. (Indiana), Chicago. Manufacturing Department, Group B t.M><0QQ to 1,000,000 man-hours), Pipe Line Department, Group A (Qve: 500,000 man-hours). 1, Stanolind Pipe Line Company, Tulsa, Okla 2. Illinois Pipe Line Company, Findlay, Ohio C Standard Pipe Line Company, Inc., Shreve port, La. Pipe Line Department. Group B (50,000 to 500,000 man-hours). I. Oklahoma Pipe Line Company, Tulsa, Okla. L General Petroleum Corp. of California., Los Angeles, Calif. 1, The Globe Oil & Refining Gv, Blackwell, 1. Tide Water Oil Company, Bradford. Pa. Okla,, McPherson, Ivans., Lemont, III. 1. Ajax Pipe Line Company, Tulsa, Okla. v The Barber Asphalt Company, Maurer, N.J. l, Ashland Refining Co., Citiettsburg, Ky. t. General Petroleum Corp. of California, Los Tankers Department 1, Lago -Shipping Company, Ltd., Aruba, N W. I. ' Angeles, Calif, l. Lago Petroleum Corp., Maracaibo, Vene zuela, X A, 2, The Atlantic Refining Company. Philadel phia, Pa. Venezuela Gulf Oil Company. Maracaibo. Marketing -Wholesale Department, Venezuela, S. A. Group A (Over 1,000.000 man-hours), t. Continental Oil Company, Ponca City, Okla. 2 Standard Oil Company IIndiana), Chicago. Public Utilities Eleven out of 139 Public Utility com X Magnolia Petroleum Co., Datlas.Texas. Marketing - Wholesale Department. Group B (50,000 to I,ou0;u00 man hours ). 1, The Derby Oil Company, Wichita, Kans. 2 Pan American Southern Cotp. & Subs., panies and units entered in the Public Utilities Annual Safety Contest com pleted the year ending June 30 with per fect no-accident records. During the Contest 144,812 employ New York City. X Texas Pacific Coal & Oil Company, Fort Worth. Texas. Marketing-Retail Department, Group A iOxer 1,000,000 man-hours), t, Humble Oil & Reiintng Company, Hnust m, Tex.. 1 '' 2. General Petroleum Corp. <f Calif,, Los Angeles. Calif. b Union Oil Co. of California, Los Angeles. Marketing-Retail Department. Group B { xo/jOO to 1,000,000 man-hours), ees worked 309,356.844 man-hours. The average frequency for the entire group was 9.355, There were three major divisions en tered, Power and Light, Gas Division, and Combination Gas and Electric Divi sion, Each of these was divided into two groups based on man-hour exposure: Combination Gas Be Electric Division. Group A I, Central Illinois Light Co., Pecuia, III, t. Shell Petroleum Corporation, M, Louis. Mo. 2: Virginia Electric Be Power Co., Richmond j. Mid-Continent Petroleum Guporatton, Va. Tulsa, Okla, Georgia Power Company, Atlanta, Gi. Standard Oil Co. of Louisiana. New Or leans. La. [. Cities Service Oil Company, Chicago. I, Texas Pacific (Dai St Oil Co., Fort Worth, Tex, t, Marathon Oil Company, Tulsa. Okla. Drilling Department l. Union Oil Co. of California, Los Angeles. T Humble Oil Sc Refining Co ; Houston, Tex. C Gtnerai Petroleum Corp, .it Calif., [os Angeles. Pnom av, Department, (imn i A (Over t.ntjoajoo man-houis). t Continental Oil Company, Ponca City, Okla. 2 The Ohm Oil Company, Findlay, Ohm. y -stanobrni Oil A Gas O. mpa;n\ Tulsa. Okla. Combination Gas St Electric Division Group B !, -Suburban Gas Be Electric Co., Revere, Mas* L Michigan Gas Sc Electric Co., Ashland. W:i, Moncton Electricity Be. Gas Co., Ltd., Monc ton, N, B., (..anada, Hlectric Division, Group A b The Toledo Edison Co., Toledo. Unto. 2 The Ohio Public Service Co., Cleveland. Ohio. L Ohio Edison O'*.. Akron, Ohio. hLrcrnuc Division Group B l. Fall River Hlectric Light Co., Fail River. Mass L Quincy Electric Light & Power Co . Quine. , Mass. pKonmsr- Department Group B i MTOOh !- Worcester Suburban Electric Co.. Uxbrsoce. to |,()00,000 man-hours T Mass i Hope Construction Sc Refining Cv, Pitts l. Gloucester Hlectric Co., Gloucester, Mass burgh. Pa. f. .Nvwpott Electric Corp,, Newport, R I. t Panhandle Refining Company, Wichita Falls, I, Canada Electric Co., Ltd-, Amherst, \\ S Texas. i. Fiemont City Dept, of Utihries, Ficmont. ; Texas Pacific Goal and Oil Company, Fort Neb. Worth. Texas. Gas Division, Group A Natural Gasoline Department i. The Carter Oil Company, Tulsa, Okla. f, Hope Natural Gas Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. (Please turn to page 88) NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS 01 Manufacturers 9th at Larimer Denver, Colo. "SAFETY EXTENSION TRESTLES" for General Overhead Maintenance and Repairs. These Safety Extension Ladder Trestles are hinged on a plate by two bolts, and when opened for use, lock on the projecting sleeves, forming a firm trestle independent of the extension, which can be used or removed without affecting trestle parts. The extension is easily and quickly operated, moving up and down within flanges on the plate, with utmost safety assured at all heights by means of the locking device. Made of select scaffold stock throughout. All hardware cadmium plated. When folded, little storage space is required. One size will do the work of four sizes of ordinary trestles. Sizes range from 6 feet extending to 10 feet-- to 20 feet extending to 36 feet. THE JOHN S. TILLEY LADDERS CO., INC. WATERVLIET---N. '/. CHICAGO REPRESENTATIVES--PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT, INC. 634 Orleans St.--Chicago, Illinois NOVEMBER. 193f> 62 Sectional Officers, N. S* C. 1936-1937 FOLLOWING are the officers elected by sections of the National Safety Vice-Chairman in Charge of Program--Ralph L Rogers, jr., Tennessee Eastman Cotp., Kings port, Tcnn. Council for the year 1936-37. At the Vice-Chairman in Charge of Engineerings--j. time of going to press a few sections had J. B. Fullenwider, Hercules Powder Co., Par- not completed their elections. Those will be published in a later issue. Com plete lists of sub-committees, omitted here because of space limitations, will be lin, N. J. Secretary--Ralph O. Keefer, Aluminum Co. of America, Pittsburgh, Pa, News-Letter Editor--F, W, Dennis, Hooker Electrochemical Co., Niagara Falls, N. Y. found in the sectional news-letters. ,, The portraits of the general chairman Construction published herewith are those available at press time. Others will be published tn a later issue. General Chairman--W. A. Snow, Associated General Contractors of America, Inc., Wash ington, D. C. Vice-Chairman tor Heavy Construction--R. ASSE-Engineering General Chairman--D. L. Royer. Ocean Ac cident and Guarantee Gup,, New York City. Vice-Chairman--C B. Boulet, Wisconsin Public Service Corp., Milwaukee, Wis. - Vice-Chairman--R. E. Donovan, Standard Oil Company of California, San Francisco, Calif. Secretary--W. Dean Keefer, National Safe ty Council, Chicago. Automotive and Machine Shop General Chairman--M. A. Clark, L\ s. Rub /. Reigeluth, C W, Blakeslee & Sons, New Haven, Conn. Vice-Chairman for Highway Construction-- W, L. Johnson Construction Co,, Hicksvdle, Ohio. Vice-Cluirman for V S. Engineering De partment--Major Elliott Vandevanter, Office of the Chief of Engineers, Washington, D, C, Vice-Chairman for Buildinc Construction-- Chester W, Wright, Wright & Kremmers, Inc., Niagara Falls, N. Y, Secretary--Roberts McKinley, General Acci dent, Fire and Lite Assurance Corp,, Detroit, ber Products, Inc., Detroit, Mich. Vice-Chairman--H. W. Boulton, Murray Curp. of America, Detroit, Mich. Secretary--W. H. Prater, Cadillac Motor Car Mich. News-Letter Editor--CL O Grithn. Dravo C-.rp., Neville island, Pittsburgh, Pa. Co., Detroit Mich. Food News l etter Editor---W. W. Janzcr. Seaman Body Corp,, Milwaukee. Wis = General Chairman--C W. Dempesy, Liquid Caibonic Corp,, Chicago. Chemical Section Vice-Chairman in Charge of Program--S. B. Cienef.il Chairman--H, (.- Miner, H. I. du Pont de Nemours & G>., Wilmington, Del. Horrell, The Carcv Salt Co-, Hutchinson, Kans. Secretary--D. M. Clark, Society of Grain Elevator Superintendents of North America, Chicago, iN'eves-Letter Editor--C W, Turning, God dard Sc Heinseiman, Minneapolis, Minn. Employees Publication General Chairman--E. M. M Her, The Phila delphia Gas Works Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Vice-Chairman in Charge of Program--Miss Laura G. Jackson, Bvllesbv Engineering and Management Corp., Chicago. Vice-Chairman in Charge of Membership-- Miss Ruth E. Cade, A. E. Staley Manufacturing Co., Decatur, 111. Vice-Chairman in Charge of Service--W. T. Buckeridge, Kelvinator Corp., Detroit, Mich. Marine General Chairman--Opt. E. C. Holden, Jr., I United States P. & I Agency, Inc., New York City. Vice-Chairman (in charge of Posters and Slides)---Robert F. Hand, Standard Oil Co. of N\ Marine Dept., New York Gty. Vice-Chairman in Charge of PubFcity--W, E. Stewardson, Columbian Steamship Co., New 'fork City. Vice-Chairman for the Pacific Coast--Albert (). Pegg, Union Oil Co. of Calif., Los Angeles, Calif Secretary--Carl F, Vander Clute, Admiralty Attorney, New York City. News-Letter Editor--Henry Blackstone, United States P, & I. Agency, San Francisco. Calif, Meat Packing, Tanning and Leather Industries General Chairman--Wilson Palmer, United Shoe Machinery Corp., Beverly, Mass. Vice-Chairman--C. B. Magruder, The Wm. Schluderburg-T. J. Kurdle Co., Baltimore, Md. Vice-Chairman--Phillip G Rhoads. J. E. Rhoads & Sons, Wilmington, Del. Secretary--A. A. Siereveld, The E. Kahn's Suns Co., Cincinnati, Ohio. News-Letter Editor-- L O. Green. Wilson & Company, Chicago. E. C. Holden, Jr. George J. Adams R. C, Haven Harry j. Kelley NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS 63 Metals ral Chairman--C, H, Allen, The Amer* . oiling Mtll Co., Middletown, Ohio. Vice-Chairman--R. A. Guilin, Continental Steel Corp., Kokomo, InJ. Secretary and News-Letter Editor--Mell E. Trammell, Cult* States .Steel Co., Alabama City, Ala. Mining General Chairman--C. W, Gibbs. Warwick Coal and Coke Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. Vice-Chairman in charge of Engineering--G. j, Barrett, U. S. Steel Corporation susidiaries, Duluth, Minn. Vice-Chairman in charge of Health--Lee Long, Clinchfield Coal Cnrp., Dante, Va., Vice-Chairman in charge of Membership-- Angus D. Campbell, Mclntvre Porcupine Mines, Ltd., Schumacher, Ont. Canada. Secretary and News Letter Editor--Daniel Harrington, United States bureau of Mines, Washington, D. C Paper and Pulp General Chairman--Groige J. Adams, Inter national Paper Co., Glens Faffs, Nf. Y. Vice-Chairman in Charge of Membership-- Arthur E. Winslow, Hollingsworth & Whitney Co., Waterville, Me. Secretary and Program Committee Chairman --F. A. Robinson, Kimberly-Chirk Corp., Neenah, WfS. News-Letter Editor and Publicity Committee Chairman--Clayton Bruatz. Marathon Paper Mills, Rothschild, Wis, Petroleum leral Chajrman--A. W. Brecland, Lone as Co., Dallas, Tex. ^Chairman--A- J. Martinson, Union 0.1 w. of Calif., Los Angeles, Calif. Secretary--H. N. Biakeslec, American Petro leum Institute, New York City. Power Press General Chairman--P. G. Hunter. Motor Wheel Corp., Lansing, Mich. Vice-Chairman (in charge of Posters)--3. E. Rockhoff, Detroit Steel Products Co., De troit, Mich. Vice-Chairman (in charge of Membership) --H. C Howsam, Hubbard Spool Co , Chicago. Vice-Chairman and Secretary'--O, H. Bern*. Western Electric Co,, Chicago. News Letter Editor--'V. G. Pendleton, West Lynn plant, General Electric CM , West Lvnn. Mass. Public Utilities General Chairman--John f. Barada, The Laclede Gas Light Co.. St. Louis, Mo. Vice-Chairman for Telephone and Telegraph Interests--W. P. Elstun, American Telephone and Telegraph Co., New York City. Vice-Chairman tor Gas Interests--b P. Durfee, Consolidated Gas Co. ut New \ ork, New York City. Vice-Chairman for Electric Interests---W. H. Brown, Northern States Power 0>,, Minnea polis, Minn. Secretary--H, A. Ptolemy, Public Service G. '? Northern Illinois, Chicago. Quarry General Chairman u...uh>c. lr., ` Co., Philadelphia. Pa. ?-Chairman--Russell Rarv, Flic Marble Quames Co., Columbus, Ohio, etary and News-Letter Editor---N B SipC J. E. Baker Co., York, Pa. (Please turn to page '/) NOVEMBER, 1936 j Protection Comfort Style The value of safety shoes is rec ognized in aii industries where foot hazards exist. But--in order to 1 make your workers want to wear | them---safely shoes must he eomfortabie and of good appearance as well as safe. ; Lehigh Safety Shoes have al ways stressed comfort and style in 1 addition to protection. The Imi proved Steel Box Safety Toe, high j grade leather soles and uppers, ! plus good appearance, make up a safety shoe your workers will want to wear. Foot injuries and compensation costs are kept at a minimum with Lehigh Safety Shoes. Foreman Shoe Two Full Oak Soles 803--Mark Elk Biurher, Two Full Oak Soles, Bar Grid HeeL, Bras? Rivets in Shank. D5-I2, E 3-12. Ill--Same as 803, except Black Grid Sole and Bar Grid Heel, I) 5-12, E 3-12, EEE 5-12. LEHIGH SAFETY SHOE CO., INC. 31 S. SEVENTH ST. ALLENTOWN, PA. I: M 13 L iKTisiirinti Tt I: rutMcir. v Htiu: siwjTi.ixiwnj'.ssni: M ttkTEST in ^ LNS.SIIVr.ROJI'S DKt'Nze ructir.s ~ iMeit>ui.~MFjrn{iciSs AWARJ1Sft'RAIJ.H.RF'OSLS1 S W \ nra. cilliams jewelry 10 S. Wabash Ave. Clarence J. Williams Chicago, T 0R 1p i THE SAFETY LIBRARY By MARY M. WELLS LIBRARIAN, N. S. C. BOOKS AND PAMPHLETS Toxic Gases Some Methods for the Detection and Estimation of Poisonous Gases and .Vapors in hie Air. By .1. S. Zhitkova. Translated under the direc tion or Joseph B. FicMcn, Chemical En gineer, Travelers Insurance Company, Hartford, Connecticut. Printed by "Ser vice to IndustryP. 0, Box 133, U'cji Hartford, Connecticut. $3 a copy. The detection and estimation of poisonous substances in air breathed by industrial workers is a relatively new field of applied chemistry. Progress has been hindered frequently by a lack of accurate knowledge as to dangerous ex posures and safe limits of gas and vapor concentrations that may be allowed. In dustrial hygiene has received extensive development in the Soviet Union. Prob ably the first effort to present detailed methods of quantitative estimation of noxious substances systematically was made by A. S. Zhitkova, Supervisor of the Moscow Workers Chemical Labora tory, U. S. S. R., in his book, "Some Methods for the Detection and Estima tion of Poisonous Gases and Vapors in the Air." Mr. Ficklen, who for many years has been engaged in the development of methods applicable to this field, sensed the need in this country of data as pre sented by the Russian chemist. Zhit kova's book hae been carefully translated and a limited edition made available for American industrial hygienists. The translation contains 33 chapters, an appendix, a bibliography, significant tables, and a well arranged subject in dex. An introduction was prepared by Professor S. I. Kaplun, Supervisor of the Central Executive Institute of Work Sanitation. An excellent chapter has been written on air sampling and methods used in ana lysis. The other 32 chapters are de voted to the more important vapors and gases common in industry. Pertinent analytical data are presented, and the more common exposures are named. Safe limits of concentration are given, and the results obtained by laboratory investigations of air samples, taken at deserves a place in the high school strategic points near common opera library. tions. are presented. The book contains also a brief description of the properties Sidney1 J. Williams and physiological effects of each chem ical, together with their more common industrial uses. PERIODICALS Commercial Fleets It will prove of interest to chemical engineers, health officers, compensation commissioners, professors of chemistry and persons in the field of industrial hy giene. Diagrams have been drawn by Herbert C. Johnson: photo-micrographs are by Warren A. Hough. Roth are engineers 'fins Fleet Reduced Accidents 90 Percent in Seven '/ears. In Power U'ugOH, September, 1936, p. 10-11. ' ' How the South End Express Co., oper ating 40 trucks in newspaper delivery, has made u notable recurd in accident re duction. uf Travelers Insurance Company. E. R. Granniss. Health Hazards Acute Response of Guinea Pigs to Public Safety For Safety. By Ralph Henry Bar bour. Illustrations by E. C, Caswell. Published by D. Appleton--Century Co.. New York City, 1936. Price $1.50. t: Book) If it is better to write a nation's songs than its laws, then the appearance of this highly readable story, by the author of a popular series of books for boys-- books that boys actually buy and read because they like them--is even more significant to the safety movement than the growing number of school safety manuals and text books. This reviewer, who stopped reading ixjys' hooks longer ago than he cares to confess, started skimming the pages of Vapors of Some New Commercial Organic Compounds. XII: Normal Butyl Acetate. By R. R. Sayers and others. In U. S. Public Health Service, Public Health Reports, September 4, 1936, p. 1229-1236. Among the conclusions: Normal bu tyl acetate produces narcosis, terminat ing in death in the higher concentra tions. The symptoms are principally those of eye and nasal irritation and nar cosis. Animals that did not die during exposure recovered. Carbon Monoxide Poisoning from ('(impressed Air. By N. R. Bcrnz and Philip Drinker. /n Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, September, 1936. p. 461. this one as a matter of business and found himself continuing to the end of the last chapter to find out just what these very real young people. Herb and Grace and joe and the rest of them, were going to do about traffic accidents in Brentfield. The book contributes little to the technique of safety organization and education--sometimes one wishes that the author had read a little more deeply in the literature of safety before writing it--but perhaps the book would have suffered if he had. The safety man or woman with ado lescents in the family will make no mis take in putting a copy of "For Safety!" Etiological Studies on the For mation of Skin Blisters in Viscose Workers. By If. C. Hueper. In Jour nal tit Industrial Hygiene and Toxico logy, September. 1936, p. 432-447. "The experiments performed with various agents as to their protective qualities showed that emulsions of fats teucerin), paraffin, and "cellophane," moisture-proofed by a wax coating, when placed between the rubber glove and the skin of rabbits afford some protection against the blister-inciting action of car bon disulfide. The observations rec orded indicate that the occurrence of blisters of viscose workers may probably he entirely avoided by the use of any quietly on the library table and waiting one of the three protective agents listed tn see what happens to it: and it also in combination with several changes of NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS rubber gloves during a single Lead Burning: A Report Upon an "Exhausted Blow Pipe". By Ronald K. Lane, In Journal oi Industrial Hy giene and Toxicology, September, 1936, p. 391-100, ' Summary: " 1. A type uf "exhausted blow pipe" is described. Experiments are reported which have been carried out to determine the relative contamination of surrounding general atmosphere when using an ordi nary blow pipe and the Tiew form of blow pipe. 3. The practical application of this form of blow pipe is discussed." Poisoning by Vapors of Beryllium Oxyfluoride. By l, Gclman. In Jour nal oj Industrial Hygiene and Toxico logy, September, 1936, p. 371-379. It is necessary to prevent the libera tion of vapors and when this is impossi ble, to protect the workers with gas masks. Such measures have already led 'ended reduction of poisoning from ause." SPECIFY WHEELER and be SAFE YOU CAN'T REPLACE A HEAD -BUT YOU CAN PROTECT ONE Toxicity of Dioxan, By H. H, Schrenk and IT. P. Yant. in journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, Sep tember, 1936, p. 448-460. "This report gives a detailed resume of the results of studies made by several investigators with the addition of a de scription of supplementary work done by the Bureau of Mines. Animal experi ments made by several investigators have shown that the toxicity of dioxan when inhaled, ingested, or given by subcutan eous or intravenous administration is of a comparatively low order, but serious harm can be produced by large dosages. The primary pathological changes are damage to the kidneys and liver, injury to the kidneys and liver of animals has been produced by repeated exposure to 0.1 per cent vapor by volume, and by absorption through the skin. Absorp tion through the skin has been studied and although neither symptoms nor microscopic pathology were observed, the microscopic pathology showed changes in the liver and kidneys. The industrial hazard from skin absorption t established." e Stations .CIDENTS AT SERVICE STATIONS. Ill 'Travelers Standard, September, 1936, p. 172-180. NOVEMBER. 1936 Safety Hat of DURALUMIN Lessens Head Injuries For the first time, Davis can offer complete head protection to men working even under the most hazardous conditions. Where a severe blow would puncture an ordinary, rigid hat, the new McDonald Safety Hat of tough, blow-resisting Duralumin metal withstands and cushions severe shocks. You can save painful injuries as well as lives formerly lost. Minimize your compensation with this new safety heimet. Allow your men to work more confidently, skilfully, knowing that when they wear a McDonald Safety Hat they are completely protected. Six distinct features of this new Safety Hat bearing on comfort, "wearability", etc., will interest you. Send now for a copy of the bulletin completely describing them. The coupon is for your convenience. DAVIS PRODUCTS: First Aid Supplies (Tannoid for burns, Isadine -- the newer antiseptic) . . , Gas Masks . , , lineman1* Safety Equipment , , . Gas Indicators , , , Protective Clothing ... Goggles. Davis Emergency Equipment Co., Inc. 55 Van Dam Street, New York City Please send my copy of your Bulletin on McDonald Safety Hat to DAVIS equipment CO., INC. Chicago, III. New York City Houston, Tex. San Francisco and Los Angeles, Cal. Name_ ____________ _________ _ Address^___ ____________________ ()() O&hd and CbiMosumd "Guardology" \ guard must afford maximum protection, t must not interfere with the operation of the machine or other equipment being guarded. It should be simple in design and construc tion. and the enclosed parts should be easily accessible for lubrication, repairs or other routine changes. It must be durable; strong enough to with stand not only natural wear and tear, but also abuse. In conformity with the above standards the H&K accessories were designed, and after years of use under different conditions and by many lines of manufacture, they have proved their merit and have provided an economical method of guard construction with safety as the domi nant factor. All above under inspection service of Underwriters' Laboratories, Fnc. Harrinqton & Kina I IPerforating 'Co. 11 f Libcrtv St. neyt york! n. y. ofilo Fillmore St. CHICAGO, ILL. 473 tOAif.r0 I2S700 U\ 3-as Eliminating a DANGER SPOT far those who close hopper-bottom car doors. THE PRESCOTT SAFETY TOOL prevents smashed fingers, strained backs, ruptures and other injuries caused by using hands, feet or bars. Saves time safely on any car with latch-typc door lock. Write for detads and prices. THE TRUMBULL MFG. CO., Warren, Ohio STIGMATIZATION (^"FSTfON: Gin you give me informatii on stigmatization of careless drivers ur attemp to mark cars of reckless drivers with stickers . tickets ? Answer: Two police departments, with the past year, have used windshield stteke to mark <.ars of reckless drivers. In one these cases stickers were used instead of hn for certain violations. Many other methods have been propose I among them the painting of distmguishir i marks on fenders or automobile doors, the pt| sible use of a tri-colorcd driver's license d: j played in one corner of the windshield or t! | use of a special license tag, I This type of campaign for marking the I of the careless driver may he valuable as : temporary measure, but it is apparently re successful as a continuous program. One the major difficulties is that there are ofti several drivers for the same car, and the mark will point out the car rather than the recklc driver. Also, the offender resents being pubh ly branded, and he will quickly remove th brand or mark. If the community is sufficient well policed to force the offenders to kec the marks on their cars, then there is general! no need for this type of special enforceme: program. Some communities have used a method t privately reprimanding careless drivers. Th method, which involves the action of group of private citizens to aid the police departmen Is described in Public Safety Memo No. <> available upon request at the National SafeCouncil Bureau.uf Information. The present trend is toward making aw\m for meritorious driving rather than srigmat. mg the careless driver. SAFEGUARDING DRILLERS ^'FSHon: When our maintenance cu was drilling through a floor and a wall of a old power plant to install some new tables, point of the drill, which was being held bv o: employee and struck with a sledge hammer J another, .suddenly penetrated a cable which w had believed to be several inches above t: actual point of contact. The employee holdir the bar was burned and shocked, the injure proving fatal, Where such drilling must he done, wh precautions should be used? Answer: If men must drill through cu: Crete where electrical conduits may be laid, :l best precaution is to equip them with adequa drawings or building plans so that they m.. anticipate anv unsafe conditions. Often, course, -uch drawings are not available, ar. in some cases they may be incomplete. When no knowledge is at hand concernu: buried conduits, suitable insulation may be at plied to the handles of the drilling equg ment, or rubber gloves may be worn by e> posed persons. It is advisable, also, to insulat the workmen from possible grounds >i con tacts. NATIONAL SAFETY NEW? 6 roit's Drive for Safe Driving NA/ TION--WreIvDE> Service/ | Evcrythinq I in Safety (Continued trout page a(>) to the plant with the best record. Recog nition will also be accorded the leading plants as the contest year progresses. A EAST NEW YORK Wm. $. WilMfl vimk st. Cwp. safety banner which passes from hand to hand as the contest leadership changes PITTSBURGH Safety First Supply Co 8rady Building will be awarded on a quarterly basis. PHILADELPHIA Suitable p ess announcements will be J. A. Hunt Ci, *3JS Sansome St, issued at these times. BRAINTREE, MASS, The Detroit Council itself provides [ Qlrect Sale* Co, 166 President Road each member company only with the statistical report on the number of the SOUTH company's employees involved in acci CHATTANOOGA dents. There is no paternalism. No pressure is placed on any mem ber company. Each must work out its own program from this point. The De troit Council merely correlates the activ ity. With the official accident reports being public records, however, interested companies will be able to obtain, through police sources, complete lists of their offending employees. Some of the com panies which have a well-balanced pro gram of industrial relations have indi' . --'d that they will make use of such e Council will, however, send let ters to plant managers when the contest is well under way, stressing the import ance of following through on the public safety work and suggesting that they in turn solicit the cooperation of employ ees, either by sending letters to their homes or by addressing them at safety meetings. The Council's letter will point out that accidents, whether they occur within the MID-WEST DETROIT C. H. Docksog Company mb E, Grand Sivd. CHICAGO E, D. Bullard Company 215 South Leavitt St GREEN BAY, WIS. Safety Smite Company 108 No. Quincy St DULUTH W. P, 4 R. S Mars Co. 324 W. Michigan St HOUSTON E. D Bullard Company I Main Street WEST SAN FRANCISCO E. 0. Bullard Company 27i Elghtli Street LOS ANGELES t\ D. Bullard Company 1220 South Olive St SALT LAKE CITY E. 0, Bullard Company 1620 Yaleertjt Avenue SEATTLE Sundfelt Equipment Co. -1JI5 First Av#., Seuth We1 ve patented "COMFORT" in this new Bullard gas mask! gEFORE you buy any more gas masks, mister, try on one of these new one-piece, facc- moldod BULLARD masks with the new, extralarge exhalation valve. V'"OU'LL find the molded facepiece not only fits snugly to any shape head but that it leaves plenty of room for full face comfort. That old fashioned feeling of tension is gone, ^fHW, extra-large, easy-breathing, exhalation valve is fastened at the center, allowing exhalation land speech) thru the entire l*/*" circumferance, a tremendous improvement. UOR your next gas masks, get in touch with r BULLARD! plant or outside the plant, involve an economic loss; that such accidents in BULLARDcrease production costs and in this man ner materially affect the employment and welfare of the worker. To create and sustain interest in the 1 contest the sponsoring committee has de veloped a five-point educational pro gram. NO GREATER FOOT PROTECTION The first feature of this program, in ATANYPRICE,volving the fire truck and the police car, was a comparative driving test over the only DAVENPORT WOOD SOLE SHOES principal routes used by employees go ing to and from work. It illustrated the Have all of these Protection Featuresj futility and danger of attempting to save any appreciable amount of time through speed and traffic violations. In connec- with this, a series of routes has been :'d out from various residential to s industrial districts. A city time , ale or speed limit for safe driving has been publicized for each of these fTPPICRS are stitched to select Maple Worn! Soles, wire and K staple stitching mill imiUl , ..Full Gusset that keeps out dust . ,, . All sentm sewed tlghtlv wt1 Wax Thread of Ilifflt Tensile strength.... Soft Pliable Sole leather ' uuu* ters Mint hard irr.lat ng composition! .... II gh UunMv Soft Felt insole , , , : Steel or t.ompo>it on Safely Toe on all stales at slight ektra cost. Write for our low quantity prices! F. i. STAHMER SHOE COMPANY routes, indicating the amount of time Davenport Iowa NOVEMBER. m<> needed to cover the distance safely. The comparative driving tests will be followed by a series of stopping distance tests, in terms of ear-lengths. These tests will demonstrate the need for speed regulation and traffic ordinances. The third phase of the program will attack the pedestrian problem, ft will illustrate that everyone, at some time, is a pedestrian, and that the individual's greatest opportunity to reduce motor ac cidents is on foot. Shoes having RAW-CORD soles and heels are comfortable. Not with standing the rugged construction and long wearing qualities built into RAW-CORDS, they are pliable and easy on the feet. Workers, no matter what their occupation may be THIS SHOE EQUIPPED WITH 8AW-C0SD HOCKEH SOLE have found that RAW-CORDS provide comfort and long - wear under ordinary conditions, and that they provide NON-SLIP Safety in case of emergency when sure footing is essential. Be sure--Be safe, wear RAW-CORDS. Shoe deal ers have them in stock--ask for them by name. The Lima Cord Sole & Heel Co., Dept. 7*F, Lima, O. tf'ully Protected by Patent**-Any infringements Will Be Prosecuted n HEELS You Can Borrow a Pair of SAFE-HI LADDER SHOES ... for thorough trial under your own actual working conditions. Use them on dry floors, wet floors, greasy, oily floors, on gravel, or on snow and ice--for a full 30 days, without obligation. Then--YOU decide the value of Safe-Hi Ladder Shoes, as a factor of laddersafety, to YOUR organization. You may either return the trial pair or include it in an order for an additional quantity at $2.50 per pair. \\ Write TODAY for your trial pair, or for complete details! m, ROSE MANUFACTURING CO. 2121 Welton St. Denver, Colo. The fourth set of demonstrations will show the hazard of being drawn into a contest of speed on busy streets and high ways ami the danger of trying to jockey into what is believed a more favorable position in traffic, ft will lay stress on the opportunity to reduce accidents through greater consideration for others. I The final phase of the educational pro gram will consist of contests of driving skill over marked courses, involving sharp turns, unexpected stops, parallel parking and other situations which demanci skillful maneuvering. The con tests will be conducted in open area? which are free of traffic, thus demon strating that under actual driving con ditions there is need for even greater caution. The program is being promoted not only through the regular publicity me dia, but also through posters, radio an nouncements. pay envelope inserts, pub lic add -ess systems set up in plant yards, and letters sent by the heads of partic ipating plants to their employees' homes. in a study of this unusual public safety program une question naturally arises: "Have the Council or attending offi cers encountered any difficulty in obtainj ing the names of employers from acddent victims.''' The answer is "No.'' The Police Departments of Detroit and surrounding suburbs have been more than willing to cooperate, even to the extent of altering their present accident report forms. Officers have had no diffi culty in obtaining the desired informa tion. tine of the interesting things proved during the "experience test" prior to the actual ripening of the contest was the significance to be attached to the "acci dent prone driver." Statisticstodatehave shown that there is a definite class of "repeaters." or "accident prone drivers." It is with this group that much of the employer intluence will be exerted. For example, it was found that there are in Det-oit 103 drivers who have been involved in a total of 210 accidents in a , little moNreATthIaOn Ntw\Io, SmAoFnEthTs.Y ONnEeWoSf ti as had four accidents- two of * involved personal injury- in less !. ......wo months time. The figures also show, however, that this group constitutes a very small pro portion of the accident drivers in De troit. These 103 were the only repeaters in a list of nearly 16.000 drivers involved in accidents during the study period. Thus, while they are important individ ually, they are of little importance in relation to the entire accident picture. Less Handling. Means Fewer Injuries (Continual from f>agr jp) They must understand the traffic laws, carry the necessary lights, flares, etc., and must know their trucks. They have all passed the regular examinations for eyesight and general physical fitness. Their principal rule of conduct is to use just good common sense. ~ Trucks are inspected every night and morning by experienced men and no vehicle is allowed to go out unless it is in good condition. The men are on their hspsnr and we feel that we should keep o. I believe that the majority of drivers are careful men and should lie praised for their efforts. Wherever drivers have the confidence and good will of their foreman, you will find a good record. ' he point that has im pressed me most is that our drivers re spect their foreman and are not afraid of him. I have tried to show here that it is not necessary to spend huge gims of money to have a safe place. Those who represent large industry where many thousands are employed do not en counter all the problems of the shop em ploying only a few hundred, The large company has more money to spend for safety and can have better equipment. 1 can appreciate the position of the -mall plant that is doing its best to im prove working equipment with a limited amount of money. 1 have been through that experience. Do not get discourageil when you hear talks and read articles about equipment you never expect to have, if you have the determination to .in your best with what you have to work with, you will go a long way In safety. ;tor: Your husband will never be a work again. .ssus: I'll go and telTim. ft will cheer him up. NOVEMBER. 1930 69 OIL DERMATITIS often starts like this . . ("fc FINE metal chips, dropping into cutting lubricant, are " often carried by the oil to the worker's skin. Wiping the hands and arms with waste, rubs the chips into the skin, leaves little cuts, through which enter Oil Dermatitis germs. By adding 1 pint of Derma-San to 35 gallons of cutting lubricant you kill pus-forming germs . . . sterilize the oil be fore it splashes on the skin. Give your men real security against Oil Dermatitis. Order a drum of Derma-San today. Derma-San is ideal /or ail /ienerai plant sanitation Dtnvcn HunTincTon.inDinnR TOROI1TO Vi o Gen qou/i (rWiHA New Instant Treatment for Burns and Surface Injuries A iUt\ t*irr tii.et sn\st *'\V recently moused a sample of your product im-re \erv much' Impressed with its merits tiotli from sour recom mendation .uid from personal experience Kith that sample," A hire Chief to knms the best treatment lor a hum. Nearly two hundred municipal tire departments n Massachusetts atom* use Viotieu, MAIL s <il H utri'ON NOW BURNHAM LABORATORIES, P. O. 154, W. Medway, Mass, BURNHAM LABORATORIES W 70 Are Your WASHROOM Facilities WASTEFUL and UNSANITARY? Insinuation of Dradlty Washfountains and 5-lfnit Showtrs BRADLEYS Improve Morale ... Save Wafer . . . Prevent Disease OU appreciate the economy more than one person at an ordi of modern high production nary wash basin. They set low so Ymachinery--but do you realizethat it is easy to wash even to the that you can help overall effwi aist without water dripping on ciency, cut down water costst,he floor. They are easy to clean, prevent spread of skin diseasesc,ut down piping and piping greatly improve employee moconnections--they are easily in rale with modern sanitary wash stalled, and last as long as the room facilities? building. Leaders in industry--large in our new catalog 455, you plants and small---the country will find complete data on this over have testified to the merits modern high efficiency wash of Bradley Washfountains-- ing equipment--let us mail you many having reordered " a copy. BRADLEY from a dozen to over WASHFOU NTAIN 50 times. CO., 2237 Bradleys serve ten people at one time with clean, sanitary running water--and use but little W. Michigan Street, Mil waukee, Wis consin. IB IRA ID LIEY WASHFOUNTAINS and SHOWERS FERALUN JfntbSlip Treads ("1Iso Bronsalun, Alumalun^ and Siealun PREVENT ACCIDENTS ON STAIRS and FLOORS A hard metal matrix into which is cast an abrasive next in hardness to the diamond, assuring durability and anti slip efficiency. Specify Feralun and Be Sure American Abrasive Metals Co. IRVINGTON, NEW JERSEY The President's Address I (Continued from page /*'j comes through the sudden violence of accident and that which is caused by the slower action of a toxic material? From the humane standpoint there is no essential difference, and I can see none in the economic sense. We know the public prejudice against industry which pro duces cripples, and the same feeling is sure to develop against the factory which turns out invalids. The burden of the disabled workers must be borne by somebody, whether by compensation insurance or by public funds, which as we all know, are collect ed through taxes. In either case, the bill will come back to industry and it will then be spread over the cost of pro duct or service which the public buys. In the end the ultimate consumer pays the bill, so no one escapes a vital interest in this part of the safety problem. Medical supervision of workers is in dispensable in the control of both ac cidents and occupational diseases. In no other way can the employer be protected against claims for disability arising out of previous employment. The employee can be safeguarded against possible health hazards, and if disabled, provided with adequate diagnosis, care and final rehabilitation. Public Safety In the field of Public Safety we have been encouraged by certain significant developments during the past year. Never before has the public as a whole been so genuinely concerned with the accident problem. Public officials also have been realizing the gravity of the situation and their responsibility for its correction. From all parts of the country we are being asked for help in organizing to cope with (he problem. Daily newspapers and national magazines are giving increasing space to safety, and several writers of national reputation have presented the subject to millions of readers. Thousands of newspapers are now using the Council's press services regularly. Well known radio announc ers have voluntarily given of their time and enthusiasm. The problem of safety on the hishways has several disturbing factors. The driver of today has at his control greatly increased speeds as compared with a few years ago. The present accessibility of alcoholic liquors to those who drive is a source of serious concern to enforce- NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS 71 agencies, although the proportion tcadents involving the drunken .-,er is sometimes over-estimated. And, to add to our difficulties in safeguarding the highways we have a steadily mount ing mileage of vehicle travel, with cor responding increase of exposure to acci dent. Among ourselves we may find comfort in a death rate reduced on the basis of travel as indicated by gasoline consumption, but the public is not im pressed by rates; it wants to see a reduc tion in the actual number of deaths. When the National Safety Council set a goal of a 35 per cent reduction in traffic fatalities by the end of 1940, its leaders were fully aware of these details. To many the plan seemed utterly im possible. But we are already realizing the value of setting a high mark for our endeavors. This goal of a 35 per cent reduction is making a strong appeal to the whole nation, and it is proving a re markable stimulant to the forces of safety. LET ME HELP YOU Our field force, which has been made possible through the generous support of the automotive industry, is now visit ing the leading centers of population, helping in the organization of state and nunity programs. Never before have any divisions of federal, state and . . ,.iicipal governments been so earnest ly concerned with accident prevention. One shrewd commentator on human affairs, whose name 1 cannot recall, observed that if the general intelligence rate rises even a fraction of one per cent, such a rise constitutes a revolution in social conditions. In our pessimistic moods we are in clined to think of the public as massminded--held in the grip of prejudice and superstition and swayed only too often by spell-binders and demagogs. Yet when we compare the general in telligence level of today with that of a few hundred years ago, we can note un mistakable signs of progress. L'nti! comparatively recent times our cities were reeking with filth. Scarcely more than a century ago cholera was a menace, even in our own country, and many of us can remember the ravages of malaria and yellow fever. For cen turies little attempt was made to clean up. Sanitation was sacrilege to the superstitious. Is it too much to believe that future generations will look back on our accident-infested era in much the 'e attitude as we look back on the le-ridden years? with your floor problems! I'm the FINNELL floor maintenance engineer. The company that makes F1NNELL waxes, fillers, soaps, and the famous FINNELL electric floor polishing-scrubbing machines knows that cleaning and beautifying floors, ar.d keeping them clean and beautiful, isn't just a one time job. It isn't a onee-a-year, or once-a-month, or even a once-a-week job. It's an every* day job! So it keeps me, and nearly a hundred other specially trained men, on the job ail the time, each in a given territory, ready to give you service whether or not you are a user of FINNELL machines or materials. Whatever the type of your buildings, kind of floor, their size or area, I have access to facts that may be just what you need to solve your problem. Whether you are the superintendent, responsible for the care of floors, or the chief executive responsible for economy and efficiency of operation, you will find a chat vastly worth while. Remember, when you call on me, you are drawing upon not just one man's skill and ability but upon a vast reservoir of practical, keep-down-the-cost floor knowledge accumu* lated during a third of a century specialized experience. A call to talk things over won't cost you a cent nor obligate you in any wav. Drop a line today to FINNELL SYSTEM. INC, 22 U East Street, Elkhart, Indiana. FINNELL SYSTEM EST. 1906 OF FLOOR MAINTENANCE Announcing the All Aluminum Step Ladder ,. Wnte for Details We are pleased to offer a noteworthy achievement in step-ladder construction. This new development makes possible a ladder that is light in weight, rigid, durable, free from splintering or splinters and strong enough to withstand the hardest wear. In add tion, it is sanitary, non-combustible, non-sparking and impervious to all weather conditions. A trial will convince. ellieence and knowledge are not i.._.itical. but both can be cultivated in the individual. Any system of eriuca- aluminum ladder company 121 Fifth Avenue Tarentum, Pa. NOVEMBER. 1936 5-" I ,1 j tion which merely imparts information has failed in its most important essen tials. In training for life, it must en courage dear thinking and discrimina tion between the worthy and the un worthy. INSURE DEPENDABLE DUST CONTROL PANGBORN DUST COLLECTORS operate day and night . . . protecting millions of dollars worth of property from the DESTRUC TIVENESS OF DUST. Are you sure your equipment is safe from this costly menace? You can be assured of real Dust Control if you turn your dust problems over to Pangborn engineers. For over 30 years we have been successfully collecting dust in both large and small plants. Let us tell you more about our service. Write today. I | /A. Kl H3 DS K1 WORLD'S LARGEST MANUFACTURERS OF BLAST CLEANING AND DUST COLLECTING EQUIPMENT .PANGBORN CORPORATION..........................................................................HAGERSTOWN, MARYLAND Our part in raising the general level of intelligence may seem a minor one. We are a professional, advisory group, but we can make a valuable contribuI lion. The .Safety Movement teaches the importance of self preservation-- that often-ignored first law of nature. This involves far more than merely clinging to life for its own sake, which our critics have sometimes believed was the beginning and the end of the Safety Movement. Had our cause been inspired by no loftier motive, it could not have reached j its present respected position. N'o, the basis of our philosophy is the far reach ing importance of the individual, and I his responsibility to the group for the protection of himself and others. Our greatest enemy is not hostility, not error, but inertia. There will al ways be those in positions of responsi bility who will give iip service to safety but will neglect their duties. There will be many within our ranks who will be| come discouraged if our plan falls be| hind its schedule. Many will lose in terest when the first enthusiasm wears off and the crusade seems to fall to the level of a routine job. And. as in every great movement, there will never be a surplus of inspiring leadership. In saying this I am not forgetting the loyal and devoted membership of the National Safety Council. It has been a great privilege to have been associated with you in this work which calls into being that noblest of instincts, the con sideration of others. I feel, and I know you all feel, the vastness of the task before us, and how few of us there are to perform it. One of the most important phases of a good housekeeping program for an industrial plant is the maintaining of clear passageways. All aisles should be kept clear for the safety of pedestrian, hand truck and power truck traffic. Well defined avenues of safety can he easily maintained when you use the Nisslv Floor Liner. This ma chine will paint a line as rapidly as one can walk. It is ea-y to operate and handle and can readily he used in restricted places. Low in first cost and economical to use. Write for complete iletails. WALTER S. NISSLY 43 N. Clinton Street YORK, PA. Those of you who have undertaken the extension of safety in your communi ties can appreciate this problem, this lack of leadership. We need money, to be sure, but we also need men and women who are willing to contribute their time, energy and ability to the cause. Safety is not a passive, negative thing. Any endeavor whose purpose is to enable human beings to fulfill their destinies unhindered by preventable mishapsNanAdTdIOisaNsAteLrs SisAoFneETthYat NwEeWcaSn present to the world wifh pride and con fidence. BAAonahu Roger Williams, chairman of the Metropolitan Chapter, American So ciety of Safety Engineers--Engineering Section, National Safety Council, and formerly vice-president in charge of pro duction of Richardson & Boynton C om pany, has been appointed director of saf ety service for the New York State In surance Fund. He succeeds the late M. H. Christopherson. Mr, Williams has been active in acci dent prevention work in New York City during the past five years. He was a member of the committee which drafted the original plans for the Greater New York Safety Council, of which he is now serving as a member of the Executive Committee and the Operating Division Committee. SPECIFY WHEELER and be SAFE NEW Chlorine Germicide Particularly Suitable for Industrj Kthflbert <tew- vrt, Commissioner of Labor Statistics from 1920 to 1932, di Washingtc on Octnu 1.5. Death was due to a heart ailment. Mr. Stewart was born in Chicago, April 22,1857. He was engaged in newspaper work until 1887 when he be came associated with the United States Bureau of Labor which later became a Department. In 1912 he became chief statistician for the Children's Bureau and a year later was transferred to a similar position in the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Almost from the organization of the National Safety Council, Mr. Stewart look an active interest in its work and for many years he served on the Execu tive Committee. Until his retirement from the Bureau of Labor Statistics in 1932 he was a regular attendant at the National Safety Congresses, Mr. Stewart was widely known for his resemblance to Mark Twain and for his ready fund of humor. Mr. Stewart was a member of the Na tional Research Council, secretary trea surer .of the International Association of in d Accident Boards, a fellow of tht -ican Statistical Association, and a r r of the Government Permanent Nitefy Council. Seven children survive. NOVEMBER. 1936 wochloramid, d new and improved chlorine germicide, is extremely stable, nonselective in bactericidal action and non-irritating to unprotected skin. Thus Azochloramid otters definite advantages to the Doctor engaged in the Industrial Field, Doctors will appreciate these THREE outstanding advantages: 1. Azochloromid solutions are effective against all types of organisms found in infected wounds 2. Dressings rarely need changing more than once in 24 hours due to the unusual stability and prolonged effectiveness of the solution even in the presence of pus, serum or other organic matter. 3. The oily nature of Azochloramid in Triacetin I .500 prevents dressings from adhering to a wound. In this way, when using Azochloromid you minimize traumo and bleeding when the dress ing is chonged Use the coupon below for complete information and clinical data on Azochloramid. i Davit Emergency Equipment Ce , Inc 15 Van Dam Street, New York City DAVIS := GO., INC. I Please send complete information on Azochiora mid and clinical data to Chicago, lit. New York City Houston, Tex. Name -...__________ _._......................... ................... San Francisco and Los Angeles, Cat. tt Arfrfigit ........ .......... ....... ......... -..........7........... 74 Wins Attendance Prize at Congress Exhibit ELEGATES to the National Safety Bethlehem, working successively as a Congress were punching time clocks machine operator, floor hand, general Dthis year, but it wasn't regimentation. machine repairman, shop inspector and It was a pleasure--with comely young draftsman. He served for a number of ladies on hand to see that the time cards years as department safety committee were properly stamped, and with a hand man and also assisted in first aid instruc some award, a new 1937 Studebaker tion. Since last February he has been Dictator sedan, waiting for some lucky with the industrial relations department clockpuncher. as safety inspector. The plan originated with the Con gress exhibitors, who this year sought to outdo all previous records in providing ! a lavish reward for attendance at the Knowing that a safety man never de pends on luck, Mr. Demmy played safe so that he would be eligible for the award--just in case .... He registered great exhibit of safety and first aid equipment. The clocks were used to indicate whether delegates had spent the required total of two hours or more view ing the exposition. The fortunate delegate was Charles A. Denimv. 239 Locust Street, Steelton, to obtain his official badge and exhibit time card; he spent two hours in the exhibit hall and found the time well spent; he was careful to have his card stamped each time he entered and left the exhibit. Pa., who, when he arrived home from the Congress, found a telegram waiting Saving Life When to inform him of the good news. He Fire Strikes wired back immediately, expressing his SAFETY surprise and happiness. Mr, Demmy, an employee of the Bethlehem Steel Company, is just short Here's a job that calls for nerves of 45 years of age. For nearly 19 years of steel--working on a fifty foot pole--pulling up on a heavy he has been connected with the mechan! icai department of the Steelton Plant of IRE strikes with such speed that people lose their heads. Their cloth Fing catches fire and they run; they see the flames and immediately jump. I, When clothing becomes ignited, drop to the floor and roll into a rug or blanket to smother the fire, keeping the line. In equipment, too, there can he no compromise with quality. Linemen, and those responsible for the safety of lirieinen, know that the Klein circle cm their safety straps and belts, cotne-alongs, spurs and pliers, sleeve twisters, furnaces and torches, is more than just a trademark it spells SAFETY! Onlv Klein equipment possesses Klein quality. Disiributtd through jobber! The four pamphlets lilted below will be sent without charge to anyone interested. Check the ones you want. J Safety for Ihc Pal# Climbw, " (.'Specifications on Linmn's Bulls and Safely Straps, The Safely Factor on Lineman's Leather Goods. U Pocket Tool Guide. Mathias j/~l BTMfcJ&Sons Hwiewum l%.LELir^ rawwiiign 3200 Belmont Avenue, Chicago, Illinois Charles A. Demmy and the prize he wo,: at the Exposition. NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS ri'---*ight about the neck to protect the td hair. Remember this for your ake and it may even enable you v. - day to save the life of another. 2. When the alarm of fire sounds in a public budding, walk, never run, to the nearest exit. Running starts a panic. In any building, upon discovery of fire, first call the fire department, then warn other occupants, and finally fight the flames with whatever equipment is avail able, 3, if you awaken at night and smell smoke, don't open the door and let in super-heated air and fumes to cause your death. Place your hand on the door and if it feels hot, keep it dosed. If it isn't hot, place vom foot against it, avert your face and open it a iittie. If there is pressure from fire outside, you can then slam the door shut and seek another means of exit. if you value your life, keep cairn; don't get excited, --Safeguarding America Against Fire. Most Drivers Conservative; Says Kettering "The first thing most drivers want in an automobile is safety, then economy, and then durability,'' in the opinion of 'Jts F, Kettering, vice-president of neral Motors corporation. "Most . ,._ricans want to own fast cars," he said, "but they don't want to drive them that way." "Most people aren't so enthusiastic about speed. They want a car that will go fast so they can tell their neighbors, but the average driver today is a pretty conservative fellow." "Continued highway development will do much to cut down accidents." he said. "The elimination of road haz ards is as important as increasing the safety of the automobiles themselves." WILLIS eVERi.ARN TOR THE STORY ON Sensational New and Exclusive Developments L Safety Belts made from a new HY-THNSIL gum-impregnated, laminated material far superior to any leather or webbing. They are moisture * proof, rot * proof, have a high dielectric fac tor, resist snagging or cut ting and have uniform and exceptional strength. in Safety Belts and the use of Life Lines t y A specially designed and tested life line Shock Absorber Spring which prevents breaking of life line, eliminates jar on the workman's body and re duces strain on life line. "2 A Life Line Grab that makes possible the u e of essential independent Life Lines without their custo mary inconvenience. Stntl abort coupon for compltte. in formation. S&9**** AMERICAN ALLSAFE COMPANY INC. 210 FRANKLIN ST. hxvtuiWt Maitnfaciurtrs BUFFALO, N. Y. NOVEMBER, 1936 BUHR/ff Safety Industrial Harness There are many industrial operations where Safety Beits or Harness should be worn. Buhrke equipment is made of selected steer hide harness leather or a variety of fabrics as may be required for the particular job. Equipped with forged steel hardware, but where conditions re quire non-sparking equipment, forged brass wilt be furnished. Our experience is available to assist you in designing special equipment, if necessary, for your requirements. R. H. BUHRKE CO. 4538 Fullerton Ave. Chicago, III. 76 ft wia Homemakers Detect the Home Hazards ft1'-;,- SC 9ft/ou have dud problems like- Abrasives ft ^ < Alkali Carbon ^Cement ; Chemicals % If" Coalft: kft Fertilized ' V i flu" Gypsum1: c,,.. t- Industrial ft^ v Lime l Paint . ft ft Plastics : Pulp Rubber 'ft . Silica \ ' Starch .ft Tobacco ; Zinc Oxides PUT YOUR DUST SUPPRESSION UP TO US......... THE AMERICAN FOUNDRY EQUIPMENT COMPANY - ? ftift 637 BYRKIT ST. ft.ft f MISHAWAKA, INDIANA DUSTUBE ft COLLECTORS F CONTEST fans are as zealous in correcting hazards about their homes Ias they are in pointing them out on paper, then those who participated in the September Safety Calendar Contests of the National Safety Council have a right to feel safe at home. As was expected, the preponderance of entries came from women--an indica tion that the Safety Calendar has found a place in many homes throughout the country and that women, whose hus bands have become safety-conscious in Mrs. Aileen E. Near, 3915 Broad Rock Road, the plant, are themselves becoming saie- Richmond, Va. Calendar trom the Dupont ty-conscious in their workaday world. Women carried off two of the first three prizes, just as they did in the August contest. A winner of third prize in the August competition. Leon Longmire, took one of the dollar prizes in the September activity. More than half of the entries received listed all the hazards portrayed in the contest picture. Thus the judges were Rayon Co. Carrol J. Risser, 1016 Morgan St., Keokuk, Iowa. Calendar from the Midwest Carbide Corp, Mrs. Charles E. Anderson, 1604 Olive Avenue, Chicago, III. Calendar from the E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co, Leun I.ongmire, 518 Bryan Street, Peoria, III. Calendar from the Central Illinois Light Co j. t. Riker, Box 320, Casper, Wyo. Calen dar from The Texas Co. forced to base their decisions primarily on the statement on "How to Prevent Home Accidents." which contestants were required to submit together with their "Whats Wrong Here" list. Unanimous choice as first pri. win ner was Mrs. Harry E. Hartzell. 1008 Pecan Avenue, Hopewell, Va, Mrs. Hartzell. who received $20 for her ef forts, obtained her calendar from the Hercules Powder Co., Inc.. Hopewell. Second prize of $10 went to Bradford H. Gibson. 1306 Nipomo St,, San Luis Obispo, Calif., who received his calendar from the Union Oil Co. of California. William Hagai, R.F.D. 1, Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio. Calendar from the Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., Akron, Ohio. Mrs. joe Cook 301 Arago Street, Peoria, III. Calendar from the Bell and Zoller Coal Sc Mining Co, Bar! Ewald, 5116--llth Ave., So., Minne apolis, Minn. Calendar from the Northern States Power Co. Mrs. May E. Seery, 279 Highland Ave., Stratford, Conn. Calendar from Cornwall & Stevens, Insurance Brokers, 70 Pine St., New York City. Mrs. E. Al Stirling, 219 Delores Street, San Francisco, Calif. Calendar from the National Safety Council. judges of the September Contest were Ur. C, H. Watson, president, National Mrs. R. 0, MeCarville, 5706 Lake Safety Council; Harry Guilbert, direc Street. Chicago, who obtained her calen tor, Bureau of Safety and Compensa dar from the Illinois Bell Telephone Co., tion, The Pullman Co.: and Raymond won the third prize of $5. G. Ross, secretary, National Safety Winners of the IS one-dollar prizes Council Home Safety Committee. were: K B SX'ikhI, iFulton Street, Keokuk, Iowa, C.rlendur from the Mui-VC'cst Carbide Corporation. G*rg* Nugent, R. 2. Henrietta, Okh. Cal- cmiar from the Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co, Byron K. Envurt, *.111 First Road, X. Arling ton, Va, Calendar from the Accident Securities Bureau oi Statistics. Interstate Commerce Commission, Washington, D. C. Mrs. Mane W. Boettger, Ho!tw>odt Pa. Calendar from the Pennsylvania vXUer & The statement on the prevention of home accidents, which helped Mrs. Hart zell win first prize, is as follows: "Good order, good system and good maintenance, which, after all, simply mean `good housekeeping,1 automatically eliminate most home hazards. I pre scribe as an ounce of prevention--own and use a step-ladder; teach children to put away toys: securely anchor scatter Power Co, lames E. 'OC'est, 12T50 Monica, Detroit, Mich. Calendar trom the Fisher Body Detroit Division Die & Machine Unit, Plant Divi sion Geneul Motors Corp. rugs; use a rubber mat in the bath tub: have lighting fixtures properly located; keep screw plugs in floor outlets; re place frayed electric cord; turn in pot NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS 77 t s on stove; teach children the (I*. , ,,r of playing with fire and matches; never use combustible cleaning fluids. "Survey your home;- anticipate the risk; remove the hazard.'' .Since women, theoretically at least, spend more time in the home than men, they enjoyed the advantage of the Sep tember Contest. The November com petition, now beginning, gives the ad vantage to the men. It is also appoint out the hazards" type of contest, pic turing a scene in a factory with several obvious hazards in evidence. In addi tion to listing the hazards contestants are asked to send in a statement of 75 to 100 words on "How to Work Safely," based on their own experience. Qomirn^ fcvsini&L. Of Interest to Safety Men ^ oil run recommend Brownbilt Safrtoe Shoes w ith safety, because of these six reasons: Fully tested----fteel toeraps passed Rockwell Impart and Compression Test?, 2. Rugged Dependability--1 kinds of soles. Oak Rend Leather, Cord, long-wearing composition. 3 Utmost comfort-ample toe clearance--inside smooth ... no chafing or rubbing. 4* Finest construction -- leather where leather ought to lie. . Puncture-proof sole. Mode! H-lflO has flexible spring steel plate between insole and outsole. 6. 26 types and patterns--oxfords and high bhoes--to meet every industrial demand. Write or wire for rotnplete detail? on our special Industrial Plant Sale- Plan, 'No obligation to you. Nov. 12-13, Pittsburgh, Pa. Thirteenth Annual .Safety Engineering Con ference. (William Penn Hotel.) G, E. Clark son, manager, We ern Pennsylvania Safety Council, Tifw First National Bank Building, Pittsburgh, Pa, Nov, 18-20, Washington, D. C. j National Research Gmncil, Highway Re- j -carch Board. Sixteenth Annual Meeting. Kov . W. Crum, director, Mill Constitution A>e., [ Washington, D. C, j Nov. 12-15, Hot Springs, Ark. American Association of Motor Vehicle Ad ministrators, Annual Convention, ixeeutive 'iecretarv. A. 'X' Koehler, GC? I. sheet North, west, Washington. D, C April 13-15, New York City F gbth Annual Greater New York ijfety Conference, (Hotel Astor). lulien H. Harvev, executive vice-president.. Greater New- York Safety CouiK.I, ni East i_!nJ Street, New York City. Nov. 3-0ec. 4, New York City American Soy efv of Mechanical Enenccis, Annual Convention. Sccsetarv, C H. Davies, I'O W v-)th Street, New York City, C sr 1 1-15, Kansas City, Mo. nal Safety Council, Twentv-sivth Naii'.vfial Safety Congress. W H Cameron, managing director, ri.) North Wacker Drive, Chicago. i NOVEMBER. 1036 Manufacturers and associate CENTRAL SHOE CO. St. Louis, Mo. To be sure! INSIST UPON ESCO CESCO WIDE-VISION No. 220 CHIPPING GOGGLES They're mighty friendly to Mr. Worker's eyesl They're protec tion from eyestrain as well as from industrial hazards. Style 220, for instance, allows the widest possible vision--a feature that makes for comfort, and for added safety at times when a little of that means a lot. There's a style that's just right for every man and for every job. CHICAGO EYE SHIELD COMPANY 2325 Warren Blvd. CHICAGO, ILL. 78 SAFER Safety for Tomorrow's Railroads (Continued from page iC) increased superelevation. These refine These signs are large enough to be read MORE FLEXIBLE ments make for smoother riding of all trains. Some other things which are being at 1,000 feet, and are studded with re flector white crystal buttons so as to stand out brilliantly in the glare of a done are the bettering of sub g ade headlight at night. EASIER TO HANDLE drainage, improvement in quality of rail, ties, joints, and other track parts, and testing rails to locate invisible flaws, so that the rails may be removed before ... because Macwhyte Braided they fail under traffic. Also, constant Slings have a special patented construction progress in steel manufacture aims at p oduction of rail which will be free from latent defects. The fact that with all of the high speed operation which has A great improvement over ordinary- taken place in the last two and a half wire rope slings! years there has not been a single de Factory foremen agree they speed up materials handling! railment due to track conditions, is evij dence that the problem not only is well understood, but is being capably Safety engineers praise their high handled. safety factor! Signals Instead of being single part, Macwhyte ATLAS and DREW Slings are multiple part -- of wire rope spliced endless and then braided. Another feature to which Mr. Pat terson called attention is the signal systern. Here again there is no new prin ciple of engineering involved, but the Brakes Mr, Patterson emphasized the impor tance of being able to decelerate rapid ly. There is no doubt that proper de celeration is vital in the operation of high-speed trains. The subject has not been overlooked by management in the inauguration of the new service. Suc cess here, as in the case of signals and track, depends upon full knowledge of the capabilities of the trains and loco motives. both on the part of manage ment in setting up the schedules and on the part of employes in actual handling of the trains. The results of the brake tests referred to have been well reported in the Railway Age of March 23, 1935 and May 2, 1936 by Mr. Joseph C. McCune, assistant director of engineering, Wcstinghouse Air Brake Company. This patented construction gives signals must be so located that the high These tests furnished the basis for unmatched flexibility. Slings est speed trains can be stopped in the further engineering development of the straighten out quickly when re leased from the load. They resist kinking. Write Dept. N S-l 1 for free catalog and descrip tive folder. distances available, having, of course, due regard for grades, allowable brak ing ratio, and, more particularly, what it is known can be done in actual prac tice in the way of retardation of the particular train involved. Discussion by signal engineers of the problems which arise from high-speed train opera brake art. I repeat, that with any equipment, safety depends upon a proper under standing of the characteristics of the particular train at various speeds and also upon skillful handling of the train. That management and men have this understanding and skill is evidenced by tion indicates their appreciation of these several million miles of safe, high-speed p-oblcms and the solutions they have train operation. MACWHYTE devised. The practice on the Burlington Rail Equipment road, with which I am, naturally, most The fourth question raised by Mr. COMPANY, familiar, is based upon the lightweight Patterson is the inherent strength of the Diesel-powered streamline Zephyrs, one trains themselves. There have been KENOSHA, WISCONSIN of which was thoroughly tested in Oc marked innovations in the materials tober, 19,54, n collaboration with the used, as well as in design and manufac Wcstinghouse Air Brake Company. I ture. and the problem has been ap understand that brake tests were also proached from several different direc made with other new trains. tions. Three classes of high-speed Signals have been moved where neces trains are: sary, and, in addition, two entirely new types of wayside signals have been in troduced which I feel constitute a great t. Those which consist of rebuilt or recondi tioned conventional equipment, pulled at speeds up to 100 miles an hour or more either MACWHYTE WIRE ROPE adjunct to safety. These are concrete zone signs, triangular in shape, six feet high, which carry the letter Ti" and underneath it a number indicating the allowable speed beginning 4,000 feet 1'V steam or Diesel locomotives. Semi-light weight cars built of carbon steel or special steel and weighing approxi mately one-third less than conventional equip ment, pulled at similar speeds by steam or Diesel locomotives, ahead. Supplementing these zone signs 5- Lightweight trains built of aluminum or are similar banio-shaped signs with the stainless steel, weighing less than half as much ATLAS DREW MONARCH letter "C" and a number indicating as conventional trains and powered by Diesei [ speed on the curve 4.000 feet distant. engines capable of more than 100 miles an hour. NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS 79 ,ng as sound engineering ami high q.'-,.,.y of construction are used in ..he building of these trains, there does not seem to be any reasun why they should not all be safe. As pointed out by Mr. Patterson, the conventional steel pas senger car has given an excellent ac count of itself. Obviously, his question as to strength is directed to the new types. I am confident that all of the railroads which have built these new trains have had in mind the points he mentioned. I believe it is generally known that the Burlington Zephyrs are stainless steel. We were influenced to choose this material for structural purposes because of its great strength, resiliency, resistance to corrosion, and ability to withstand high temperatures without loss of strength or danger of melting. The speed capabilities of the new trains, both for short and long distances, have been demonstrated by numerous test runs. The fact that they have set new railroad records, of course, is news, and the test performances spectacular. However, in actual service it is surpris- little increase in maximum has been required to maintain the vhedules. The old schedules call for high speed for short distances, but because of loss of time stopping and starting, doing station work, and taking fuel and water, the curves of their per formance are successions of peaks and deep valleys, resulting in an average speed about midway between maximum and zero. On the other hand, perfor mance curves of the new train schedules show fewer valleys and smaller ones, and the average speed is more than two thirds of the maximum. Frequently maximum speed of the new trains is only 10 or 12 miles an hour faster than that of the old. but the average speed be tween terminals is increased by 25 miles an hour. Ill Although less than five per cent of motor accidents occur at rail oad cros sings. the railroads, like the rest of the general public, suffer from the careless motorist. Trains have been derailed and wrecked and railroad employees injured and killed, as the result of fail ure of motor drivers to exercise care tor their own safety. Nearly one half of ossing accidents are caused by i vehicles running into the sides of t Not infrequently the reckless driver runs down a crossing watchman who is endeavoring to protect him. NOVEMBER. 1936 Printing plants or* a typical example of hundreds of industrial plants where dust can injure and even nun the finished product. Many plants are now reducing their percentage of rejects by keeping dirt and dust away from the product with a Spencer Vacuum Cleaning System. Workers do more work--and better work--in a clean room, and in most cases it costs less to keep the plant clean the Spencer Wav. A single operator--with aSponCexi . able, or a connection to a Spencer Cential i System, with a varied assortment of vaciium cleaning tools for every kind of floor or wall surface--can cover large areas quickly and easily. Also the machinery, shipping contain ers, and even the finished product can be cleaned at a minimum cost. Ideal for' removing silica and chemical dusts. Many types and sizes for all kinds of industrial applications, Wnte for the bulletin. SPENCER CENTRAL AND PORTABLE I**1 HARTFORD "V VACUUM CLEANING SYSTEMS THE SPENCER TURBINE COMPANY, HARTFORD, CONN. Got a Pencil ? Here's a Crosswordf Puzzle any SAFETY " ENGINEER Can Solve OreAcross I ^d^'G'erarbon-dioxide extinguisher. tL'sed for * protection of thousands of industrial plants.) O Smilfsout.extinguishes.! LCX carbon-dioxide docs this faster titan any o titer type of extinguishing agent.) Wa/es, conflagrations i which destroy over $250,000,000 in industrial property eaeh year). Send for ttnstcer hook containing solution to your most hazardous fire protection problems. j- 'Phis isn't really a crossword puz/le. Rut then nobody has a cross word for l.I X. Walter Kidde & Company 111 West Street Bloomfield, N. J. 80 STOP the DUST hazard at lowest cost! No plant can be 100ft1 SAFE or appeal to the better workers if dust escapes into the shop atmosphere. Some dusts are very injurious to health, others either affect the skin or are a constant annoy ance by getting into hair and clothing. Dust also presents a hazard by accumu lating on doors causing slipping and falling. Sly Dust Control Systems will solve the problem. They cost little to buy, little to operate. Exclusive features make for most effective dust collection and dis posal. Greatest filter area per square foot of space. Write us in detail. We will analyze your problem. CLOTH BAG DUSTJEILTERS DUST CONTROL AIR-SUPP HELMETS FOR PROTECTION AGAINST DUST, FUMES, ETC. The Sly PURAIR Helmet is a de pendable protec tion from injurious dust, fumes, etc. KEEPS MEN FRESH! Light and comf o r ta ble. Air is cleaned and deodor ized and free from moisture and oil. LOW IN COS T. Write for Bui letin $-81. <*727 Train Ave., Cleveland, Ohio Of course, it would be an ideal situa and employees. This danger is no great tion if all grade crossings in the country er for the lightweight, high-speed trains could be eliminated. Enormous sums than for conventional trains drawn by have been spent, by the railroads and steam locomotives, because the front by the state and federal governments, in grade separation projects, and in pro tection devices at crossings. I know of no more beneficial use of funds for un employment relief. However, separa tion of all grade crossings in the country cannot be accomplished for many yea's, and the problem must be dealt with like other practical problems, that is, utiliz ing existing facilities in the safest pos sible manner. This requires co-opera tion of the public, and particularly, those operating motor vehicles. As an example, two tragic accidents occurred this summer, because gasoline trucks failed to stop at railroad c: ossings as required by state law. In one, a passenger train engineer and fireman were seriously burned and the truck driver killed; in the other, the engineer and fireman, as well as another man. were burned to death, and a brakeman injured. Investigating the latter acci dent, the Bureau of Safety of the Inter state Commerce Commission found that the driver of the truck made no effort to stop at the crossing, did not know ends of the lightweight trains are over the power trucks, which carry heavier axle loads than the forward trucks of steam locomotives. Also, the design of front ends of the lightweight trains are particularly adapted for lifting and throwing obstacles from the track. For many years public opinion ac cepted accidental injury and death as necessary evils which could not be avoided. The old idea that railroad work was dangerous and that it was a display of bravery to scorn safety pre cautions, has given way to sensible co operation betwen management and em ployees to avoid preventable accident. The safety record of the railroads has demonstrated that progress is not in consistent with, ur handicapped, by safety. Prevention of loss of life and limb in industry is not only sound economics, but is one of the outstanding humani tarian movements of our time, I am happy to speak for the railroads, which have taken such a creditable part in Safety Work. that the law required him to stop, and BIBLIOGIIAPHY "The Beginning of a Sew Ecu," bv Elmer T. that his employer, owner of the truck, Hem son. Hallway Age, March 23, 1935; did not know the law. A check of motor traffic passing over this crossing showed 220 trucks in 24 hours, of which only 14 per cent came to a stop, as required by law. There has been much legislation de signed to protect the public against the ever-mounting toll of death and injury "Putting up Track for the World's Fastest Steam Trains," bv Eeorgc K. Boyd, Hallway Engineering and Maintenance, June 1935; "What of the Trnck," bv Hobert Far es, As sistant tlhlcf Kng.neer-Ma ntemmee, Pennsyl vania Hailroad, Hallway Age, April t, 1930; "Track Studies i'or Speed ng t'p Trains," by **. . L. Mercer, Assistant Eng ncer, Santa Fe Hailway, Civil Engineering. September 1930; "Meet ng Tomorrow's Hcquircments for Speed," by II. H. Clarke, Engineer Maintenance of Wav, Burlington Hnilroad, Hallway Engi neering and Maintenance, October t9:;ii; and others. in our motor vehicle accidents, but such laws are not self-enforcing and prove futile unless there is adequate pro Signaling for H gh-Sperd Trains," bv Hurt T. Anderson, Director, bureau of Haiiwsty Hia- nnlin*? Economies, New York, ltailu;n- Age. May ", 1939; and others. ' vision (or vigilant policing of the high ways. Studies indicate that respon sibility for highway accidents is ascribable to the carelessness of a relatively small proportion of drivers, t.iood citizens obey the law, but reckless driv ers, like other lawless elements of so ciety, respect only authority represent ed by a uniformed officer. Highway patrol organizations a*e functioning ad mirably in some localities, but in many (daces sufficient funds are not available to provide for patrol of the highways. It would seem that if the general public is to Lie protected from the menace of the reckless driver, adequate provision will have to be made for such policing. Every collision of a train with a high way vehicle involves the danger of de railing the train and injuring passengers national safety news 81 "Braking Distance with Signals," bv J. I*. Muller, Signal Engineer, Boston & Maine Kailroad, Kail way Signaling, June 1933; "Stopping Distance and Signal Spacing,*' by K, A. Sheets, Signal und Electrical Engineer, Chicago & North Western Hallway, Kuilway Signaling. November 1933; `Signaling Improvements as an Aid In In creasing Train Speeds," bv John H. Dunn, Hailway Age, November 30, 1933; "Signaling for Higher Train Speeds." by W. F. Zane, Signal Engineer, Burlington Railroad, Railway Age, March 23, 1933; Sectional Officers (Continued from page 6S) Refrigeration General Chairman--Harold M. Toombs, Ar mour & Co,, Chicago. Vice-Chairman for Health--C H. Harper, Southern United Ice Co., Jackson, Miss. Secretary--John L, Speers, The City Ice & Fuel Cott Cleveland, Ohio. News-Letter Editor--A. A. Rail, Kansas City Power & Light Co,, Kansas City*, Mo. Street and Highway Traffic General Chairman--William C Knoelk, Milwaukee Safety Commission, Milwaukee, Wiv First Vice-Chairman--Lieut, Franklin M. Kremi, director. Safety Division, International Association of Chiefs of Police, Evanston, III. Second Vice-Chairman--Arnold H. Vey, De partment of Motor Vehicles, Trenton, N. L Third Vice-Chairman--Burton W. Marsh, American Automobile Association, Washing ton, D, C Fourth Vice-Chairman -- Carl J. Rutland, chairman, Citizen's Traffic Commission, Dallas, Teg. Fifth Vice-Chairman--Prof, Roger L Mor rison, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. K-cretarv---Earl J. Reeder, National Safety Oiuncil, Chicago. Vehicle Fleet General Chairman--R. C. Haven, Conti nental Baking Co.. New York City. Vice-Chairman--W. F. Burk, The Canton Repository, Canton, Ohio, Vice-Chairman--H. Peirce Brawncr, At lantic Grevhmmd Lines, Charleston, W. Va. Vice-Chairman--j. K. Steele, Oklahoma Gas & Electric Co , Oklahoma Otv. Secretary--Dwight M. McCracken, Liheity Mutual hiMiiance Co . Boston, Mass. Wood Products Genet,d Chairman--Harry f. Kelley, Ameri can Seating Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. Vice-Chairman--William Haggerty, Edward Hines Western Pine G>, Hines, Harney Co., Ore. Secretary--M. C Goodspeed, General Elecrric Co , Erie, F-'a. News-Letter Editor--H, E. Seely, The Brunsv. ick-Balke-Collcndcr Co., Chicago. A bashful curate found the young ladies m the parish too helpful. At last it became so embarrassing that he left. Not long afterwards he met Ids successor. How do you get on with the ladies r" he tsked. Oh. very well," the other replied. There is safety m numbers, you knowG ' Indeed,'* was the reply. ' l only found it in Exodus." NOVEMBER, 1936 4 styles 18 numbers FRANK" ADJUSTABLE SAFETY LEGGINGS give DEPENDABLE PROTECTION in Foundries, Steel Plants, Welding Shops, Forging Plants, etc. Patented Am. 25. 1125. Any Infringement wilt be prosecuted. Hip Legging No. 505 Made from Best Quality Materials; Fabricated by Experienced Workmen; Backed by liver 12 years of successful use Frank Leggings are the standard for thousands of workers in hundreds of plants. You, ton, will standardize on Frank Leggings once you have given them a trial. It! addition a complete line of gloves, clothing, aprons, sleeves, helmets, etc., for all hazardous industries. Wrtte for information. Knee Legging No* 500 THE SAFETY CLOTHING CO. 3804 Payne Ave. Manufacturers Cleveland, Ohio THE GRIM SHADOW of DISASTER STALKS NEGLECTED FLOORS Floor accidents are common. While you are reading this advertisement, some one of your employees may be paying with life or limb for a floor hazard that could have been, easily and economically, cor rected with a Lincoln Twin-Disc Machine. But, the wider margin of safety that will result from keeping your floors safe and sanitary with one of these miracle machines is only part of the story. The savings on labor and floor cleaning and finish ing materials made possible by this modern floor maintenance equipment will prove an important item in your factory. Before you turn this page, call your secretary and write us stating the type of floor surface and floor problems you encounter. We'll gladly ar ' range for a FREE Demonstration in your factory ` at your convenience. THE LINCOLN INDUSTRIAL SPECIAL, featured at the right, cleans both large and small areas faster and more efficiently than can be ac- / eomplished by any other method. It quickly re moves all accumulations of grease, embedded dirt and other waste material that contribute to danger ous and unsanitary floor conditions. _ Your prompt action may prevent a serious acci dent in your factory. Write TODAY to k- LINCOLN-SCHLUETER / FLOOR MACHINERY COMPANY, INC. 237 W. Grand Ave. Chicago, III. t Me LINCOLN Twin Disc J * SCR 17 B - W AX E - P O 11 S H E. S * 82 Rules ARTNERS (Continued from page t.\) In Accident Prevention We do this through the least admir able of human vices--stupidity, careless I ness and recklessness. Some of us mis use what is probably the greatest and most valuable of mechanical additions to human life, the automobile, so that it becomes more deadly to our fellowmen and ourselves than is the machine-gun of the gangster. This is a long war for which we have signed up. It cannot be won in any one day--nor will it be lost in any one day. No victory or defeat will be final. In this age of mechanics and speed we live among forces which have tremen dous potentialities for both good and evil. Human intelligence is the influence that determines which potentiality MANY Safety Engineers and Pur chasing Agents have come to look upon the INDUSTRIAL tzLOVES CORPORATION as"a "Partner in Accident Prevention." Others fill our homes with devices to lighten and brighten the lives of our fam ilies---and then let carelessness turn these benefits into disaster. Combating these dangers is more dif ficult than was the fight against the shall be uppermost. Constructive intelli gence develops the potentialities for good. Carelessness, indifference and stupidity incite the potentialities of evil. For any one to be careless or indiffer ent or stupid in the driving of an auto There's a reason for this attitude of mind. We are just as interested in de signing and manufacturing STEEL- dangers of the wilderness. Here is no separate enemy who can be identified and destroyed or overcome with physical weapons. Our real enemies in this war lie hidden in ambush in the dark recesses mobile. the operation of a machine, or even the handling of a thing normally so insignificant as a cake of soap, is an ad mission that that person is not compe tent to deal with the ordinary equipment GRIP gloves and safety clothing, of the mind of every' man and woman. of life. that will prevent and reduce acci Thoughtless and impatient people of Such incompetence is the chief cause dents, as the Safety Engineer and ten take the position that all human evils of failures of the safety element. It is Purchasing Agent are in securing this kind of protection. cident prevention demands jre than a product of high quali ty, raw materials and expert work manship. In addition to quality there must be a proper diagnosis of the hazard or the potential haz ard. Our customers often call on us to aid them in the examination of the hazard and the prescribing of the remedy. LET US SERVE YOU can be cured bv the enactment of cor rective and punitive legislation. They forget that governments are merely dele gated representatives of the individual, that they have no authority beyond what the collected individuals give to them and that they cannot coerce their crea tors beyond the willingness of the latter to be coerced. Safety cannot be enforced by threat. It must be developed by education and illustration. That is the function to which we have dedicated this organization. That is the function which we must find ways to perform. To this task we must bring certain equipment, both mental and physical. Since this is a mental war. the weapons of the mind are of first import ance, due more often to iack of understanding than to ignorance--an inability to fore see consequences. That state of mind is today the great est and most dangerous enemy of the human race. In individual affairs it causes accidents destructive to life, iimb and property. In public affairs it causes war and waste and economic disasters. It is the opponent of those who seek to promote the interest of safety. It is the enemy against which this organiza tion fights and must continue to fight. The only forces we can use against the people who suffer from this mental "blind spot" are the forces of education and example. We must endure the con sequences of their weakness while we try to teach them to be strong. The natural law of the survival of We must bring patience: we must be the fittest is grim and inexorable. Its 'V able to work and see our work defeated modern expression might be phrased in and keep on working. We must bring these words--that the benefits of mod humility: we must never let our minds INDUSTRIAL assume a feeling of superiority over those whom we might think too stupid or too inferior to absorb the purport of our GLOVES I message. We must bring the under ern life will be enjoyed by those who can deal safely with modern forces. Here is our battlefield. We must prove to many thousands of indifferent minds that fire is a good giant who pro CORPORATION standing that many a man takes a, duces heat and power, who cooks food chance because the reward of his labor and propeis ships and trains--but also 725 GARFIELD BLVD. DANVILLE, ILL. is needed immediately and bitterly by the hostages he has given to fortune. We must make allowance for the hot burns human flesh. We must prove that electricity spans seas and continents in the wink of an eye, that it spins the icago Detroit blood of youth and for the slow hands wheels of a thousand human occupa ... Newark of age. We must be able to stand up tions, that it provides the spark of life under misunderstanding and misrepre that activates the cold steel and fuel of sentation and prejudice. millions of automobiles, that it cooks or NATIONAL SAFETY NEW'S 83 chills our food, that it lights our homes and relieves human muscles of age-old burdens--but it can also kill as quickly as it can serve. We must prove that the automobile can open new roads and new lives, that it can annihilate distance and time, that it can destroy isolation and promote knowledge--but also that it can kill quickly and horribly. And so with the whole catalogue of modern life. It is the function of the National Safety Council to help the whole race in its march to greater utility and greater safety and more useful life. I say "help" advisedly. That is the limit of our possible accomplishment. The attainment of safety in modern life is a task for the millions of individu als who compose our society. We can help bring them information and experi ence--but the individual must take what is offered and use it himself or else it will do no one any good. The task we have set ourselves is a great one. It is a task that should stim ulate the best that is in every one of us. It is a task that makes the world richer by its accomplishment in any degree. It is our boast that this is the richest nation in the world. It is a fact that we are also the most wasteful nation in the world. We hold our riches with loose fingers; our treasures slip away from us. If the huge financial waste of the world war and the era of speculation which followed it had been saved, there would have been no depression. This tendency to waste is an inheri tance from our pioneer days. The gam bling strain is in our blood. We gamble with fortune. We gamble with Fate. We gamble with life--and with death. We take risks as a matter of habit. We regard it as our traditional duty to scorn caution. Most times we win, if it be a victory merely to escape penalty. Too often we loose, not merely a casual stake, but all of life for the loser, most of life for those he leaves behind him. Our daring, our willingness to face Kate with a smile and a joke--these will, 1 hope, always be the mainsprings of American character, the sign manual by which the world can recognize an Amer ican--but we must learn to avoid the useless chance, the losing gamble, the hazard where the odds against us are so hopeless that there is no chance to win and no reward worth the risk if we do win. Here is the objective of you soldiers of safety---to write new and sane rules tor the game of life in America. |F there i DUST A in your plant you have a factor that m QLYMEnmn 3 positively causes a dollars and cents loss. If you threw cash out of the window the wastefulness could be no greater than permitting DUST to continue to take its daily toll. DUST is always a destructive factor--it never contributes to the welfare of any plant--it destroys health of workers, lowers efficiency and reduces the working years of mechanical equipment. For 20 years DRACCO Engineers have solved DUST problems of every description. From our years of experience and intimate knowledge we fully appreciate how costly DUST can be. If there is DUST in your plant why not write DRACCO Engineers and obtain the advantage of their valuable experience. THEY HAVE SAVED MONEY FOR MANY BY CONTROLLING DUST. Why not you? The NEW DRACCO MULTI-BAG FILTER # Write for Bulletin No. 301 # DRACCO CORPORATION Successors to The Dust Recovering 8C Conveying Co. 4073 E. II 6th St. Cleveland, Ohio TH E HANDIEST AND BEST AMPOULE ON THE MARKET With handy rubber screw cap, which prevents evaporation, leakage and deterioration. MULTIPLE FILLED With vour choice of any of the following- ECONOMICAL SAFE--CONVENIENT OIL of SALT Iodine Mercurochrome i H, H\D.) Metaphen Ferric Chloride Merthiolate Packed 2 ec in wood container 10 cc in cardboard sleeves These applicators are not only convenient and safe but are also economical. The solu tion feeds direct to the wound through the smooth glass tip, thus avoiding the usual use of cotton that absorbs the solution causing considerable waste. A profitable item for Jobbers and First Aid Supply Houses. Write for Samples and Quotations C. A. MOSSO Laboratories, 215So. Leavitt St., Chicago, 111. NOVEMBER. 1936 81 Motion Study (Continued from page 24) By the Underwriters Laboratories and by the Associated Factories Mutual Fire Insurance Companies muftami Justrite Safety Products pay for them selves--many times over--with lower insurance rates...after your plant has been Justrite-equipped! JUSTRITE Safety Can ..approved for safe handlingot gasoline, benzine and other volatile liquids. The justrite Safety Can saves evaporation... as well as on insur ance rates. There is . .. Justrite for every n and purpose... ,ut to 5 gallons. 2, 2 and 5 Gallon* Thousands of Justrite Safety Cans in use now! Sturdy. Easy to open and pour. Closes automatically. JUSTRITE Oily Waste Can .,. approved as a safe way to dis pose of dangerous oily waste. The Justrite Oily Waste Can opens by foot pressure and doses automatically. It's safe ...cuts tire hazards down to a minimum. It's economical -- saves on insurance rates... and constructed to give years of service. Sizes: 6, 8. 10 znd 14 Gallons Justrite Safety Products are sold by leading Hardware and Mill Supply Jobbers Ifyour supplier does not have justrite Equip ment, write to: SAFETY PRODUCTS DIVISION ustrife MANUFACTURING 2087 SOUTHPORT AVE., CHICAGO, ILL. cent of all accidents. The hands should be used to transport the object and a vise or damp to hold it. For example, on one of our drill press operations, in the old method, the operator held one piece in an open jig. This often caused injury when the piece spun around in the jig. in the new method, the jig was re designed so that t,w;o articles are held tightly by the iig during drilling, leav ing both hands free to move the pieces. Production doubled and injuries drop ped. In another case, an operator poked a wire through small drilled holes to dis lodge drill chips too tight for air clean ing. The piece was held in one hand and a sharp pointed wire in the other. Some times the wire forced through suddenly into the operator's hand. After a motion study, we mounted two wires in a fixture and pushed the pieces, one in each hand, over the wires. This gave not only bet ter production but a safer job. One of our supervisors, on vacation, had the relation of motion study and safety brought home to him in a dra matic way. He was making some repairs to an electrical switch box. He held the box in position in one hand and used the screw-driver in the other. The screw driver slipped and went right through the palm of his hand. A holding device in place of his hand would have avoided this accident. Pre-Positioning In a motion economy layout, the op erator moves the pieces from fixed work station to the point of use. The pieces are usually pre-positioned so that they can be grasped easily. This might be im portant from a safety viewpoint if there are sharp edges that might cause injury if grasped the wrong way. Likewise, the tools are prepositioned so that the handle is grasped, rather than the point of the tool. Pre-positioning also reduces eye fatigue and many of the layouts could be operated even with the eyes closed. By pre-positioning pieces close to the point of use. all work movements are di rectly in front of the operator. This avoids reaching to one side of the ma chine for the next piece, possibly turning the eyes away from the operating part of the machine. There is always danger of injuring the idle hand while looking in the other direction. On many of our machines, supply racks are fastened to the machine dose to the point of use, The operator does not have to figure the best layout for himself, nor adopt an unsafe makeshift. The iayout itself forces him to follow "The One Best Way," and consequently, the safe way. Drop Delivery Wherever possible, drop delivery chutes are provided to carry the piece away from the machine and directly into the tote box. This eliminates the socalled "clean up." In the old way, pieces often slip off the bench and roll under neath shafts or belting, which means an accident hazard. An analysis of the de tailed causes of accidents would show a number of cases where the operator's clothing caught in moving belts. At one plant an operator removed the wire belt guard from her machine and tried to retrieve a fallen piece. She suc ceeded in entangling her hair in the belt and lost part of her scalp. A drop de livery chute might have prevented this. Even if the empty tote box is set upon a chair next to the operator, it might be Dushed over and fail on someone's feet. Properly designed drop delivery' chutes promote safety. Work Habits The i ite Elbert Hubbard once said, "Habits rule our lives." We had a good illustration of this in our factory' office. A water cooler was located at the left hand side of the office doorway. The only available space for the used paper cup waste basket was at the right hand side of the doorway. This situation ex isted until our safety man noticed the danger of an accident if someone inter rupted the drinker by opening the door suddenly. He rearranged some of the office equipment and put the waste basket on the other side of the water cooler. For the next week, it was funny to watch everyone try to drop the used paper cups in the old location. It seemed almost impossible to break the old habit. Compare this routine, which may occur six times a day, with a factory operation repeated 600 times a day and you appre ciate what habit can do. Motion study capitalizes this habit tendency in training "The One Best Way." The motion path is plotted out so that both hands move simultaneously in opposite and symmetrical directions. Repeated hundreds of times, this be comes a fixed habit. Because safety is taken into account in designing the mo NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS tion path, the correct work habits must mean a reduction in accidents. Keep in mind that 33 per cent of all acci dents involve the fingers and hands. The Gilbreths teach that ``The One Best Way" is almost always a sequence of the fewest motions. Now mechanical safeguards have reached a high state of efficiency. Many punch press jobs are laid out with two handed controls to pre vent accidents. The operator places the material with the right hand, then each hand must operate a control so that both hands are away from the die. Eager for an increase in earnings, the operator sometimes blocks up one of the controls so that he can feed the material with the righF hand and operate the other control with the left hand. Now suppose we apply a little motion economy. A two-cavity die is provided with feed hoppers close to point of use and duplicate hand controls close by the feed hoppers. A definite motion path is laid out,-involving the use of both hands throughout the entire cycle, instead of only for the controls. This builds up fixed work habits using two hands con tinuously in simultaneous and opposite directions. There is no incentive for the operator to block up one control and operate with the other. Here again, work habits reinforce mechanical guards instead of cheating them. The produc tion almost doubles and safety once more goes hand-in-hand with motion study. A NATIONAL SERVICE------------------for PRODUCTION-SAFETY Members of and Distributors of ASSOCIATED GUARD MANUFACTURERS pool their products and facilities to the end of giving a national service: t (11 on standard approved safety equipment for mechanical hazards; A ) (2) removal* o.f..i.n..d..u..s..t.r.i.a..l...h..e..a.l"th hazards from d*ust or f*umes, and..(3.) suppl. y- s ing safety apparel from head to foot, f EVERY POINT of OPERATION guard is placed on the proposition of t being the BEST for its particular purpose without affecting output. Refund of money paid will be made on written disapproval of any state or insurance inspector. ALL EXHAUSTS for collecting dust or fumes at source and pneumatic \ cleaning equipments are guaranteed to be in full compliance with all | codes of the state, requirements of compensation carrier, also specifica tions of the American Standards Association. f All apparel is guaranteed of best quality. Inquiries arc solicited. Information freely given without obligation. Members of and distributors of ASSOCIATED GUARD MANUFACTURERS Central Office, 4139 W. Kinzxe St., Chicago, III* RRAINTREH, MASS. Direct Kales Cn. 1GK President Road BROOKLYN. N. Y. Surt.v Mfg. Co., inc. GG5-88th Street Bt'FFALO. N. Y. Frontier Meter Works 239 Hazelwood C HICACiO, ILL. Kurty Mfg. Co,, Inc. 4139 W, ivinzie SL CLEVELAND. OHIO Positive Safety Mfg. 4408 Perkins ' (`LEVISLAND, OHIO The Safety Clothing Co. 3804 Payne Ave, HOLLISTON, MASS. .Safety First Shoe Co. XBW YORK, S. V. Allen Uillmyre Corp. 220 blast 42nd St. PHILADELPHIA, PA, Sure way Mfg. Co. Fox Clearfield Sts. SEATTLE, WASH. C. H. Bacon 813 iC Prospect ST. LOtTS. MO. St. Louis Blow Pipe O 1918 North 9th St. WEST REND. WIS. Newton Lug. Works IN SAFETY THE BEST IS NONE TOO GOOD Tool Kits Tool kits are often used when a job is laid out in the motion study way. With the tools arranged for easy grasp, there is less danger of the operator grasping the sharp end instead of the handle. Pre positioning also avoids fumbling, which mat' cause dropping tools to a lower level. Since 8.7 per cent of all accidents are caused by falling objects, this should improve safety. Tool kits prevent leav ing tools on the floor where someone may fall over them. Stepping on objects cause 5,6 per cent of all accidents. Tool kits eliminate walking around to borrow tools from neighboring workmen. The operator away from his own workplace is likely to he off guard and an easy prey to the accident menace. The visitor distracts the other operator and that is when accidents happen. An other point in favor of using tool kits is that the operator won't use a make-shift tool but will have a proper tool available for each task. We have all watched men use a hammer in place of a wrench and vice-versa, sometimes with disastrous REMOVE ilSuicUtf Economically uritk HOFFMAN HEAVY DUTY VACUUM CLEANING EQUIPMENT A carefully planned installation of vacuum cdcatvitg equipment is indispensable in an elllcient dust control program. Hoffman equip ment--both portable and permanently piped--{the heavy duty type specially built for industrial vivier. Let us tell you about some of our suc cessful installations in leading industrial plants, Jsfjasanas SEND FOR BOOKLET "REMOVE THE MENACE OF DU&" U.S. HOFFMAN CORPORATION AIR APPLIANCE DIVISION, 111 FOURTH AVE., NEW YORK NOVEMBER, 1936 > 86 Diamond Stripe Linen Web Safety Belts have a known strength of 175 pounds dropped 15 feet. PLUS a Safety Factor of 2 to 1 in alt mate rial used. Belt No. 657 as illustrated above is especially de signed for men working on sloping roofs or other hazardous occupations requiring a front tie as well as a back tie. The two dee rings at the sides and the one in the back, as well as the buckle and webbing, all test 5000 pounds. No. 657 .............................................. .. . . , $12.50 each No, 657WP---Webbing treated with special waxes to resist destructive of damoness and oaint <1 ?.50 *ach THE STRAUSS CO. Brady Bldg. PITTSBURGH, PA. Manufacturer! of Safely Hells for eiirru mduslnnl haulrd where men work tiUnur the ground. Write for our entatoa So, INSURANCE ......... ~ I FOR THE FEET! IRON AGE SAFETY SHOES Steel Toe Provide Maximum Toe Protection with Comfort. Best of materials used throughout. OVER TWENTY STYLES THREE DIFFERENT TOE SHAPES Write for Circular. H. CHILDS * CO. INC. ii a ESTABLISHED 1817 - PITTSBURGH, PA. S results. If each operator has his own kit of tools, he will take great pride in keeping them in proper condition. This will improve his earnings. He is not likely to keep community tools in con dition for someone else to use the next time. From a motion study viewpoint, tool kits mean fewer motions, but from a safety viewpoint, they also mean less accidents. All your knowledge of safety means nothing if you can't sell your ideas to the foreman. The average foreman thinks "That safety man is a pest. His mechanical guards slow up my opera tors. It's a daily battle to keep guards on the machines and the men try to `beat' them when I'm not watching. The safe ty man doesn't realize I have to cut production cost, not increase it. He just doesn't talk my language." What a different picture with motion study! The foreman can show big time savings while you show big accident savings. You are his best friend. Safety is everybody's job not one man's job. The operators find that the "One Best Way" fills the pay envelope instead of the hospital. The superintendent notices fewer tired faces going out of the fac tory gate at night. The vice-president watches cost reduction keep pace with accident reduction. All safety men should urge their companies to adopt motion study. They will benefit from Safety's silent partner. Plumber Wanted NE day we were motoring through a beautiful old village and as we Opassed a mid-Victorian house, set well back on a large lawn graced by hand some elm trees, a woman companion said: "That's where the two Smith girls lived. I remember them well. Their father built that house sixty years ago. He was rich, but stingy. After he had built the house he refused to spend a cent for modernization. Plumbing seem ed as useless to him as ballooning. The girls went to college, but their arguments for a bathroom, though stoutly support ed by their mother, left the old man cold. "Eventually the old fellow died, leav ing a large fortune in excellent securi ties. The widow and daughters *put on their blackest robes and went through the formality of the funeral and burial. On the way back to the house the mother : broke a long silence in the carriage with these words: `Well, girls, we'll start ` work on the plumbing tomorrow.' " --Midvale Safety Bulletin. NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS 87 At the Exhibit welding helmets and handshields. (Continued from page yfiG In the Liquid Carbonic Corporation exhibit, Proxate, the safe fumigating gas, cables without the use of heat or any was demonstrated. This type of fum outside source of power, also received igating gas has many properties which 4 considerable attention. Other ,new items make it desirable as a fumigant from the of safety were the recently developed safety standpoint. combustible gas alarm, air velocity in dicator, and an improved methane de tector. This exhibit embraced equip ment of all kinds for mine and indus trial safety. Miibum Company of Detroit brought out the need of protection against occu pational skin diseases through photo graphic illustrations of industrial cases and statistical charts. Ply protective Safety ladders and scaffolds are al products were the central feature of this ways an important part of every exhibit exhibit on skin affections. of safety equipment. The Patent Scaf folding Company made a workable de monstration of their well-known `Gold MedaCProducts." The John F. Tilley Ladder Company showed a recent im provement--a new type steel rod with patented deep thread steel nuts em bodied in the Gaffers light duty safety platform ladder. This ladder is made up to ten feet heights only and is in tended for light overhead duty. Where greater heights are to be reached, the heavy-duty type is recommended. Products for the promotion of sanita tion, which included deodorants, floor finishes, liquid soaps, insecticides, kotex, disinfectants and paper towels were attractiveiy presented by the West Dis infecting Company. At the Strauss Company's booth saf ety belts for every industrial hazard where men are in danger of falling were presented for inspection. Foot and head protection products were aiso included in this display. Rose Manufacturing Company dis An exhibit of safety controls and de played the Safe-Hi ladder shoe which is vices operated through the use of Ever- available in different constructions to Ready batteries and Ever-Ready Neon- suit conditions: rubber for dry surfaces: control units was presented by the Na cord for wet surfaces; and ridges to cut tional Carbon Company. SAVE MONEY with DAYTONS (Made in Cincinnati) through oil and gravel, also the self- The Safety Equipment Service Com sharpening spike for snow and ice. This pany displayed its usual line of safety exhibitor also made actual demonstra equipment, featuring their Super-Dred- tions of the Safe-Hi stirrup belt for win naut goggles. Respirators and protective dow cleaners, which can be used where clothing were also shown. there are no anchor bolts or previous Linemen's rubber protective equip arrangements made for the cleaners. ment, consisting of rubber line hose, con Interesting motion pictures were em nector end line hose, insulator hoods, Dayton Safety Ladders are an investment in economy. You ployed bv the Protectoseal Company to emphasize the application of their var ious products as used in the control of hazardous liquids. Their exhibit in cluded carburetor backfire arrestors; combination fill and vents; conservation units; direct connection fills; muffler flame deflectors; safety fuel tank sumps; safety transfer pumps, and many other linemen's blankets, snap-on jackets, gloves, glove protectors, line coats, in sulating stoois and accessory articles were displayed for the inspection of those interested in this equipment by W. H. Salisbury & Company. Delegates were told of non-slip floor maintenance materials which dean and polish in one operation by Walter G. save on labor time; you save on accident costs. Workmen do their work faster, better from safe. non-wabbling, non-tipping Daytons. They find Daytons Sight and easy to carry. Sizes 3 to 16 feet. Highest quality at moderate price. If rite Dept. ASA-ll for details products for handling hazardous liquids. The Pulmosan Safety Equipment Cor poration exhibited their various types of respirators and a general line of indus trial safety equipment such as leggings, Legge Company. Rigid floors, such as marble, tile, terrazzo, cement and com position can be given a beautiful appear ance by using a small quantity of this product in the water used for cleaning. THE DAYTON SAFETY LADDER COMPANY 121-123 W.it Third St. CINCINNATI, OHIO ladder shoes, goggles, etc. They showed for the first time the new Pulmosan car boy carrier and carboy tilter. One of the special features of the Will son Products, Inc., exhibit was their new dust impinger apparatus, which is lighter in weight and more compact in design Resilient floors, such as linoleum, rub ber, mastic, magnesite, wood and com position may also be treated by the washing method with this product. The National Bureau of Casualty and Surety Underwriters, made an attractive exhibit of safety educational material for DAYTON SafetyLadder < Patented! than other impinger outfits available at sehoois, industry, and the public. the present time. This exhibitor showed their improved line of composition cup goggles, together with improved air line respirators, also their newer designs of Railway and Industrial Engineers showed their protective devices for elec trical equipment. One of the most in- (Please turn to page 92) Stock carried on Pacific Coast by E. D. Bullard Co., Los Anodes and San Francisco, and by 160 other distributors front coast to coast. Made ard distributed in Canada by Safety Supply Co,, Toronto. NOVEMBER. 1936 88 Fits any rail from 40 to HO lbs. Good Practice-- Plus Safety . . . . Bracing car wheels with wood blocks is dangerous and often costly. M SC M Rail Clamps the safest and surest possible stop for car wheels--they provide safe conditions and guard against accident and property damage. M 8C M Rail Clamps are recommended for use on runways in repairing cranes, on loading platforms* temporary sidings, etc. Industrial Products Company Accident Prevention Equipment 800 W. Somerset St., Philadelphia, Pa. Ik EmERGEnCIES P.E.HALPERIN dX' name. c^Ha/coSafety T/urducU 267 ATLANTIC AVE. BOSTON,MAS5. Trophy Winners (Continued from page do) 2. Peoples & Columbia Natural Gas Cos., Pittsburgh, Pa, 3. Columbia Gas & Electric Corp., Columbus, Ohio. Gas Division, Gitottp B 1. Northwest Cities Gas Co., Walla Walla, Wash. 2. St. Louis County Gas Co., St, Louis, Mo. 3. New Haven Gas Light Co., New Haven, Conn. The Honorable Mention Certificates !. U. S, Rubber Products, inc., Mechanical Fabric Div., Providence, R. I. Vehicle Fleet Section Five hundred and ninety fleets with 38,760 commercial vehicles competed for low accident honors in the contest conducted by the Vehicle Fleet Section between July 1, 1935, and June 50, 1936. Competing fleets traveled 664. 702,000 miles during the 12-months' period. In all they experienced a total of 14.57S accidents, or 2.119 accidents were also awarded to those units having per 100,000 vehicle miles. the greatest continuous man-hour ex The contestants lowered their pre posure without any disabling injury dur vious year's rates two per cent in the ing the period of the Contest. Winners 1935-36 competition. The bus drivers of Honorable Mention were: reduced their accident rates 12 per cent lowa-Nebraska Light It Power Co., Lincoln, Neb., i,166,774 man-hours. Ladcde Gas Light Company, St. Louis, Mo., !,131,495 man-hours. Oklahoma Gas & Electric Company, Oklahoma City, Qkla., 993,620 man-hours. Rockland Light & Power Company, N'yack, N, 47, 600,021 man-hours. The Philadelphia Gas Works Company, Phila delphia, Pa., 478,420 man-hours. Atlantic City Electric Company, Atlantic City, N, 452,2~Q man-hours. Lone Star Gas Co., Forth Worth Div., Fort Worth, Tex., j5Q,S87 man- hours. South County Public Service Company, West erly, R. L, 2'5.000 man-hours. and passenger car operators cut their rates six per cent. On the other hand, truck drivers increased their rate two per cent. The list of first place winners follows: Inter-City Bus Operations Large Fleets--Greyhound apolis, Ind. Small Fleets--Greyhound nati, Ohio. Lines, , Lines, Indian Cincin City Bus Operations Reading Coach Company, Lebanon, Pa, Passenger Cars Rubber Section Thirty-five rubber companies and units, representing 49,652,116 man hours worked by 53.646 employees, par ticipated in the Rubber Section Contest. The average frequency rate was 6.465, a three per cent increase over the 1935 Contest rate. Twenty of the units com pleted the Contest with a frequency rate below the average, and seven units went through the half year contest, from Jan uary 1 to June 30, 1636, without a single lost-time accident. There were two groups in the Contest. Winners in the first '"Rubber Products." group, with more than 12S.000 average monthly man-hour exposure, were: 1. I'. S. Rubber Products, Inc,, Providence Plant, Providence, R. 1. 2. The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. of Canada, Ltd,, New Toronto, Ont. Samson Tire A Rubber Cntp,, Los Angeles, Calif, The second group was confined to those companies having under 125,000 average monthly man-hour exposure. Stx companies, with perfect records, tied for first place: 1. Dominion Rubber Co., Ltd., Papineau Fac tory, Montreal, Que, 1, Van elect' Brothers, Chicago, 1. l\ S. Rubber Products, Inc,, Dev, Dept., Passaic, N. I, I, The Lob! Manufacturing Co, Mtddleboni, Mass. ` Group 1--Shell Petroleum Corporation, Mid Continent Area Group II--Gulf Oil Corporation of Pennsyl vania, Shreveport, La. Group ill--tidies Service tail Company, Western Ave., Chicago. Group iV--Shell Pipe Line Corporation, Colorado, Texas Division. Perfect Record! - Honorable Mention'. Stand ard Oil Company of California, Honolulu, T. H.; Cities Service Oil Company, East Chicgao, Ind.; Mutual Telephone Company, Honolulu, T. H.; The Bruckmann Company, Cincinnati, Ohio; Charleston Oil Company, Charleston, S. C,; Northwest Cities Gas Co., Walla Walla, Wash.; Shell Petroleum Corp., Arkansas Citv Refinery; C, ( Bureau of Plans, Honolulu, T. H. Inter-City Trucking Large Fleets--Morgan Packing Company, Austin, ind. Small Fleets--LL S, Engineer Department, Gulf of Mexico Division, Coal and Ice Central California Ice Company, Reedlev & Dinuba. Selma, Bakeries lunge Baking Company, Joplin, Mo, Public Utilities Large Fleets--Mountain States Power Co., Albany, Oregon Small Fleets--C, & C Electric Light Depart ment, Honolulu, T, H, Perfect Record - Honorable Mention: Amanlto Gas < >.. Amariito, Texas. Miscellaneous Manufacturing Plants I. Fabric Fire Hose Co., Sandy Hook, Conn, Pittsburgh Steel Company, Monessen, Pa. NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS 89 Dairies Hind Clark Dairy, Honolulu, T. H. Newspapers journal Garage Company, Portland, Qrc. Petroleum Large Fleets--Shell Petroleum Corporation, Mid-Continent Area. Small Fleets--Texas Pacific Coal & Oil Co., Fort Worth, Tex. Perfect Reiordt - Honorable Mention: L. D. Fox, Grants Pass, Ore.; Shell Petroleum Corp oration, Houston Refinery; Shell Petroleum <Corporation, East Chicago Refinery; Shell Pe troleum Corporation, Norco Refineiy; Shell Pe troleum Corporation, Arkansas City Refinery. City Trucking Large Fleets--Walgreen Drug Company, Chicago. Small Fleets--J. E. Beiin Cartage Company, Detroit, Mich. Beverages Coca-Cola Bottling Company of New York, Valley Stream Division. Department Stores Large Fleets--United Parcel Service Co., Pasadena, -Calif. Small Fleets--United Parcel Service Co., San Mateo, Calif, Laundries Oregon Dye House, New Bedford, Mass. C/3 M mM mxs M lor Ventilating and Exhausting are GUARAN TEED to move more air at smaller cost than any other fans of equal sue, Write for facts. PROPELLAIR, INC. SPRINGFIELD. OHIO ` "XotuntfatL Details of no-accident records in excess of 4CK),000 man-hours, or 300 working days, are invited for this department Aetna Portland Cement Co. Suite July M, 19.53 the Bay City, Mich,, plant of the Aetna Portland Cement Company ius operated without a disabling injury. For the rear ending July 31, 1936, the exposure to taled 204,0 T man-hours. The record was still intact at the time of reporting, September 30, An average force of 142 workers is employed. Hollingsworth & Whitney Co. An iniury on June 7 terminated a no-accident record of 3,343.623 man-hours established by the Algonquin and Taconnet Mills of Hollings worth & Whitney Company at Winslow, fife. The mills, which employ some 1,200 workers, manufacture sulphite pulp and paper special ties. For several years the company has cornpcted m the state and national safety contests. Republic Steel Corp. A splendid record was broken on July 26, when an injury occurred at the Grand Crossing, Chicago, plant of the Republic Steel Cuip, This plant had operated 3 years and 26 days, til 1,3'3,802 man-hours, without a disabling mtuiv. It has twice won awards in Group B ni the Metals Section contest of the National c jietv Council. NOVEMBER, 1936 Wherever You Have DANGEROUS FLOORS Use Safety-Cushion AKROMATS The design of Akromats is unique and effective. Rubber impregnated fabric links, woven edgewise to the worker's feet provide a comfortable, flexible foun dation that insures against slipping re gardless of the condition of floors. Your request on your letterhead will bring complete information and FREE TEST SAMPLE THE BUXBAUM CO. Akron, Ohio Bring the TORCH to the JOB SAVE TIME -- SAVE MONEY Ball-bearinq Cadillac PORTABLE GAS TORCHES rAr, Preheating PUR Annealing Brazing Soldering Bending ., COMES L N\ COMPLETE AS ILLUS TRATED No installation eoHtK -- no xpensive f.vtra ment required, II :t i n t a I n s steady t e in p e rnture of from HUiU to L'.tiHl degrees as desired, Operates Inde pendent of urn h fine p r e s s ii r e-- prod tires a eon- tant sttppis' -if cGis at even pres sure hv suction. CLEttE.VTS SIF(i, CO. 0IJ5S NarrairanHett rinCACtO. ILL. 90 With the Manufacturer Manufacturers are invited to send in announcements of new products, or improved special features. Only items which can be considered as "news" to our readers will be published New Goggle I'he American Optical Company, Southbridge, Mass, announce an addition to its line of eye protection equipment, the F3105 Ful-Vue goggle. This goggle, ac cording to the manufacturer, lias all the comfort and safety feature* of the regular Ful-Vue goggle, high-up endpicccs, self adjusting nose pads, 6-curvc Mipef armorplate lenses, plus side shields that provide extra protection against particles striking from any direction. The wire mesh screens are non-corrojdve and easily cleaned. The mesh i> suf ficiently tine to prevent the pa.-sige of fly ing particles but does not hinder air circu lation. The metal frame is also non-cor rosive. - Sankey Foot Guard is new foot guard, it is stated, is a rture from conventional methods and .*: pruved effective in industries with serious foot hazards. It is easy to put on and take off, it fits any shoe and cannot be square inches. Dead air space has been cut to a minimum. It is called bulb valve type No. 24 and has been approved by the U. S. Bureau of Mines, No, BM.2111, for use in type "A" or pneumoconiosis pro ducing dusts, _ ^ The face piece is of standard (patented) Dupor construction with large oft-set filter plates attached. The screw cap lid has been eliminated and the filtered air passes easily between the plate extrusions to the protected opening and into the respirator interior. The marginal edge of the plate has inwardly curved edge to anchor filter pads securely and prevent leakage. The manufacturer further states this new construction principle assures a large Alter area for easier breathing and greater comfort to the wearer because of unobstructed vision and light weight. Hy-Tensil Safety Belts The American Allsafe Company, 210 Franklin Street, Buffalo, N. V., announce a new* line of safety belts of gum-impreg nated laminated fabric which, thev state, U moisture proof, resistant to acids, alka lis, snagging, fraying, cutting, abrasion and has a uniform tensile strength of 6,500 pounds per square inch. This new line uf safety belts is built for the use of line of fittings is novel in that they encompass the material so that dependence is not put on rivet heads or thread sewing. They cannot pull away from belt when subjected to sudden strains. 'fhe manufacturers further state the belts are easily adjusted to fit a man of any size that they are comfortable and do not hamper the worker. Renewable Fuse The Pcrma-Fusc Corporation, Louis ville, Ky., announce a new type of fust plug which can be renewed and used again and again. Known as Perma-Fusc, ft is designed to end replacements. This new fuse utilizes a simple scientific principle long known to electrical engineers, i. e., the tremendous expansion power of mer cury w hen heated. Mercury is used as the current conductor. When a short circuit or overload occurs it generates heat which expands the mercury and breaks the cir cuit. To renew, all that is necessary is to unscrew* the plug and swing it, contact end down, like a thermometer. This ac tion returns the mercury to the two con tact points within the fuse and it is then readv for reuse. The Wilson Rolling Steel Grille For all openings where protection against intrusion is wanted, yet air and light are needed, this new grille otters a solution of the problem. It may be used for concessions, gateways, transformer rooms, store entrances, display windows, corridor openings, in ail sorts of buildings, industrial, commercial, and residential. It rolls up overhead out of the way when not kicked off. The three point contact ui'-ea perfect balance, snug fit and eliminates wbration. ft is fitted with silent tread and adjustable cowhide strap with quick spring fastener. This guard is made either of strong aluminum-alloy or galvanized stee1, corrugated for resistance to impact. A guillotine test proved the new guard of cither construction effective under a 300foot-pound impact, meaning that a IUUpound weight dropped vertically from a three-foot elevation will not cause injnrv to a foot so protected. It is made by The Elhvood Fatetv Appliance t'ompanv, 211 Fountain Avenue, Elhvood City. Pa, Dupor Plate Respirator iis improved respirator, manufactured I. S. Cover, South Bend, Ind., features jv^.eatly enlarged area in its double filter chambers. The filter pads are inches in diameter and have a dear entrance niter aperture for both pads of more than 24 men, tank workers, window washers, e in struction workers in industrial plants, pub lic utilities am! service companies These belts were tested bv a Bureau of Standard listed testing laboratory and showed the tensile strength of this im pregnated fabric to be 6,500 pounds per square inch. The belt fittings are tested for strength. The method of attachment NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS 91 in use and may be operated by hand, chain, crank or motor. The above illustration shows its application on the inside nt a window opening in a War Memorial Building, protecting valuable trophies, war memorial exhibits, etc., at the same time permitting a free How of air and light. !t is manufactured by the J. G. Wilson Cor poration, 18-11 Broadway, New York, Trade Publications for your Automatic Space Heater for Sprinkler Valve Houses Breeze-ups in valves on dry pipe sprink ler systems can be prevented by the instal lation of an automatic electric space heater in each valve house. This new heater, made by Rockwood Sprinkler Co., Worces ter, .Mass., is the first automatic space heater that has been designed to meet the unusual requirements of sprinkler valve house heating. The standard model of this healer is rated at 500 watts, 110 volts A.C. or D,C, It can also he supplied in other special models to operate on 220 or -140 volts A.C. or DC, This heater con sists of heating ele ment, control ther mostat. thermometer, pilot light and a three-inch outlet box mounted on a rigid pressed metal frame. The heating element is protected by a sturdy perforated pressed metal guard that does not inter fere with the circula tion of heat. The en tire unit is carefully insulated. Installa tion can be made quickly and economi cally. Only four -crews are required to fasten it to the wall of the valve house. Since the unit is completely wired, it requires only one wiring connection when being installed, a two-wire lead in single i4 inch conductor of B.X or rigid conduit carrying the power supply to the 2-inch outlet box on the back of the mounting frame. Overall length of the heater is 2?4fj inches, width 5 inches and depth SVi inches. Net weight is eight pounds. This new heater, the manufacturers say, can also be used for wall boxes containing -nda and acid extinguishers, electric pump houses, isolated pipe enclosures, watch men's gate houses and the base of tank risers. NEWS ITEM The Bristol Company. Waterbury Conn., announce the appointment of four graduate engineers to its field service or ganization. The newly appointed men are: E. M. Hart, service engineer, as signed to the Boston office, J. N. Swarr, service engineer, assigned to the New York office, K. J. Platt, service engineer, assigned to the Philadelphia office and R. A Barnes, service engineer, assigned to ihe company's St. Louis office. Statements published on this page are { )based on the claims of the manufac turer. While the National Safety Ne cannot guarantee these statements, they are belle-rd to be accurate. SAFETY EQUIPMENT LIBRARY A Service For Our Readers Now is the time to devote more study to all types of equipment and products which can lower production costs through factors of safety. Find out now what the market offers. The publications listed below will be sent free and without obligation to readers of National Safety News. Indicate on coupon the publication you desire. I. Modern Washroom Equipment: This attractive folder illustrates wash* fountains and group showers for industrial service. Several types shown to meet various requirements. Bradley Washfountam Cor poration. 7. Industry's Most Important Tools: This interesting booklet deals with hand infections and tells about a new soap formula that is soothing and healing to the skin. Sugar Beet Products Company. 2. Ladders and Scaffolding: Catalog A-2. A complete covering of a line of ladders and scaffolding to meet practically any industrial need. The John S. Tilley Ladders Company, Inc. 8. Protectoseal Products: Catalog No. 6, covers a line of safety cans, oper ating cans and drum fittings for controlling, storing and dispensing of hazardous liquids. Protectoseal Company. 3. Niagara Sleeve Clutch: An inter esting folder that deals with a new 14point engagement sleeve clutch for power presses. Developed to provide utmost safety. Niagara Machine dC Tool Works. 9. Macwhyte Wire Rope Slings: This interesting catalog on single and multipart wire rope slings presents a range of sling types which can be assembled in various ways to meet any sling requirement. Macwhyte Company. 4. The Tri Pedal Unit System of Iron Paving: thu folder covers a system that embodies the fundamental principle of 3-point support in each iron unit forming the pavement. For use in in dustrial plants, power plants, streets, etc. Interlake Iron" Corporation. 5. Stonehouse Accident Preven tion Signs: Bulletin 2029 covers a variety of steel signs to meet various indus trial needs. Stonehouse Signs, Inc. 6. M. S. A. Methane Detector: Bulletin describes improved detector de signed to detect the presence of small quan tities of methane content in mine air. Mine Safety Appliance Company. 10. Sly Purair Helmets: Bulletin No. 5-81. This bulletin illustrates and de scribes a helmet designed to protect the wearer against inhalation of injurious dusts regardless of fineness or concentration. The W. W. Sly Manufacturing Company. 1 I Snap-On-Jackets: Folder describes a small rubber blanket designed to cover up small equipment on pole tops. W. H. Salisbury 8C Company, Inc. 12. Isolation of Machine Vibra tion: An interesting study of tbe elementary considerations of vibration con trol. Describes methods of sound proofing and vibration elimination. The Korfund Company, Inc. NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS 20 North Wacker Drive Chicago, ill. Please hove sent to me the publications I have checked: Name Title.,. Company, Address NOVEMBER, 1936 (4.000 DEATHS i-viam. That was last year's record. End this hazard in your plant by eliminating slip pery floors, ramps and stairs. PLASTIC FUT-SURE does it easily, quickly, economically, permanently. Any one can apply PLASTIC FUT-SURE. Everyone will work more efficiently with the aid of the better footing it brings to any walking surface. Write for folder and prices. GENERAL ABRASIVE CO., INC. 2074 College Av, Niagara Falls, N. Y. PLASTIC FUT-SURE >. SAFER WALKING SURFACES PREVENT ACID or ALKALI BURNS WITH PLY NUMBER 6 Ply Number 6 prevents body perspiration or body heat from activating the irritating properties of caustics and acids. Many plants have sat isfactorily used Ply No. 6 to protect against the effects of potent acids and alkalis com monly known as burns. This is another example of the outstanding advantage of PLY PROTECTIVE PRODUCTS . . each Ply is compounded to prevent a specific type of skin affec tion. Send for booklet, "The Answer to Industrial Der matitis." No charge. MILBURN CO. 905 Henry St., Dept. SN-II At the Exhibit (Continued from page h?) teresting features was a system of inter locking various parts of electric driven machine groups or electric-controlled systems. Devices for live line testing were also a part of this exhibit. A new departure in industrial soaps, using corn meal as the abrasive was pre sented by Sugar Beet Products Com pany. The Safeguard Electric Company at tracted unusual attention with its line of shock-proof fibre and heavy-duty metal lamp guards. Their display consisted of a switchboard equipped with live bus bars in which the screwless shock-proof fibre lamp guards were demonstrated. A general line of safety equipment was ready for inspection at the booth of the Standard Safety Equipment Com pany. This exhibitor featured the new Stasafe all metal salt tablet dispensing machine, also the Buckeye line of safety goggles, sandblasters masks and Biever respirators, and the Steel-Grip line of protective clothing. Accident prevention signs will ever be an important adjunct to any safety pro gram, and no matter what the sign may be you need, Stonehouse Signs, Inc., has it. Their display at the Congress in cluded a colorful array of steel and en amel signs. This manufacturer has a half-million signs in stock with two thou sand different wordings. Do you be lieve in signs? All kinds of safety equipment for line men and synthetic rubber industrial equipment were displayed by the Surety Rubber Company. In addition to this illuminating dis play of industrial safety products, manu facturers of equipment for the promo tion of public safety staged one of the most interesting exhibits in this field of safety development which has ever been shown at an annual Congress. The fol lowing manufacturers participated in this important part of the safety exposition: Aetna Cisiultv & Surety Co.---.tutomobile Jnving kMv Arntzen, Inc,--auxiliary emergency stretcher and jirit aid couipnK-nt. Arroway Traffic Signal Corp.-traffic signal'.I he Beacon Corporation--directional anu danger signals tor motor transport vehicles. BcnUix Products Corp.--automotive equip ment. Blatchtord Corporation--Neon flashing sig nals and traffic markers. Cities Service Company---gas power-prover. Crouse-Hind* Company--trathc i-uanaL and floodlights. Dual Parking Meter Co --parking meters. Eagle Signal Corporation--trathc signals, Donald P. Duncan, Inc.--parking meters, Genera! Electric Co.--highway lighting. Harki-Duvidson Motor Co.--policy motor cycles. The Highway Safety Signal Company-- double-hlament traffic lamps. Hoot Products Company--governors for motor vehicles. Indian Mutocycle Company--motorcycles. Liberty Mutual Insurance Company--auto mobile driving tests. Maitindale Electric Company -- highway traffic signals. Metropolitan Life Insurance Company--'edu cational material. Monarch Governor Company--automobile speed control. Parkrite Corporation--parking meters. United States Steel Corporation Subsidi aries--traffic markers and steel products. Weaver Manufacturing Company--official inspection equipment. Buft-Smith Headlights--vehicle headlights. Traffic Boy, Inc.--traffic control signs for school zones. STATEMENT OF THE OWNERSHIP, MANAGEMENT, CIRCl LATION, ETC.. UE<i l-IRRD BY THE ACT OF UO.VCiltE.SS OF At GUST 24. 1012. OF NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS, published monthly at Chicago, Hi., tor October 1. Hl3C l-rtate of Illinois. County of Cook, ss. Before me a Notary in and for the State ami eountv aforesaid, personally appeared W, H Cameron, who, having'been dulv sworn according to law, deposes ana says that he is the business manager <>f the NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS and that the fallowing is, to the best of his knowledge ami belief, a true statement, of the owner ship, mane'-^ment tand if a daily paper, the circulation), etc., of the aforesaid pub lication for the date shown in the above caption reuwired by the Act of August 24, HU 2, embodied in section 4 43, Postal Laws and Regulations, printed on the reverse side of this form, towit: That the names and addresses of the publisher, editor, managing editor and business managers are: Publisher-- National Safety council, Chi* Kdito- -- C, T, Fish Chicago, Manag.ng Editor--None, Business Manager--W H Cameron cago, 2, That the owner is: Chi National Safety Council, an association__ hr, C, H. Watson, president. New York City; Albert S, Hegula, vice-president. New York City: a, V, Rohweder, vice-president, Duluth. Minn,: R. T, Solensten, vice-presi dent N>-w York City: |) [i Pennell vice president, Chicago: Hon, Harold t, Hoff man, vice-president, Trenton, X, John P: Gibson, vice-president, Chicago; Albert W. Whittle*, vice-president. New York Cjtv, hr. Hart r Fisher, vice-president. Hiiragn, W, K, Worth, vice-president, *'hicaco: W. H, Cameron, managing direc tor, Chicago. 3, That the known bondholders, mortga gees, ami other security holders owning or holding l per cent or more of total amount oi bonds, mortgages, or other securities are; None. 4, That the two paragraphs next above giving the names of the nv> tiers.stock hold ers, and seeprity holders, if any, contain not only the list of stockholders and se curity holder* as they appear upon the h.mks .*? tip. company, hut also, in eases where the iuckholder or security holder appears upon tip. nooks of the company a.* a trustee ur in any other fiduciary relation Hie name *.f the person or corporation for wnom tich trustee is acting, is given- also that tin* -and two paragraphs e.mtain statements embracing alllant's full knowl edge ami h.-lief as to the circumstances ami conditions under which stockholders ami security holders who do not appear upon the (looks of the company as trustee*, hold stock and securities ` in a capacity other than that nf a bonahde owner; and this nifiant has no reason to behove that any other person, association or corporation has nnv interest direct or indirect in the -Hid stuck, imiuls, or other securities than as so stated i,v him W. H, O.UIEROX, . . Managing Director. /-worn to ami suhschbed before me this v>rd dnv ot September. 1936 MYRTLE H. MOLLAN, . . . Notary Public. Mv commission expires October 4, 1939, NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS INDEX TO ADVERTISERS Aluminum Ladder Co.............................71 American Abrasive Metals Co............... 70 American Foundry Equipment Co....... 76 American Allsafe Co.................. 75 American Mason Safety Tread Co--93 American Mutual Liability Ins. Co---- 4-5 American Optical Co. ............................ 8 American Telephone & Tele. Co. .....51 Associated Guard Manufacturers ........85 Bausch & Lomb Optical Co.................57 Save Time and Money Benjamin Electric Mfg. Co...................37 Bradley Washfountain Co......................70 In Handling Boiler Plate Brown Shoe Company .................... 77 Buhrke Company, R. H.........................75 T'S expensive to handle boiler plate Bullard Company, E. D........... 67 I with old-fashioned chains or hooks, Burnham Laboratories .......................... 69 Burroughs Wellcome & Co. which have a tendency to slip, causing CtT.S.A.) Inc. ................. 7 Buxbaum Co.......... ............... .89 accidents. The use of Never Slip Safety Clamps Chicago Eye Shield Co..................... -- 77 Childs & Co., H............................ 86 will reduce these expenses, because these Clements Mfg. Co................ 89 clamps do not slip. Two clamps and Cover, H. S......... ....................................35 chains will do the work of four bent Davis Emergency Equip. Co............. 65-73 hooks and chains, and do it without Dayton Safety Ladder Co......................87 Dracco Corporation ..............................83 harming the plate. Even at an angle, Never Slip Clamps will hold work with Finnell Systems, Inc. ...................... ...71 Frigidaire Corporation ............ S3 out slipping. Made in two styles for lifting plates horizontally and vertically. General Abrasive Co. ...................... 92 Write for details Never Slip Safety Clamp Co. Halperin Co., Inc., A. E.......... .............. 88 Harrington & King Perforating Co.... 65 Huntington Laboratories, Inc. ,,.,...69 Hynson, Westcott & Dunning, Inc. ...33 P. O. Box 448 Grand Central Annex, New York, N. Y' Industrial Gloves Corp................. 82 Industrial Products Co...................... 88-93 International Shoe Co. .............. 3 MASON ~...~j SAFETY TREADS ! Around Machinery --eliminate slipping hazards. The 'U' grooves, formed by the rows of abrasive projecting above the base, catch sawdust, metal filings or chips thrown from the machine ry. This insures the operators feet will rest securely on the non-slip abrasive. Available in sections, Mason Safety Treads can be fitted to any sized space. JVW/e for samples! I AMERICAN MASON 1 SAFETY TREAD CO. i LOWELL, MASS, -w--- -- IPCO SAFETY VACUUM LIFTER Justrite Mfg. Co................................ 84 Kidde & Co,, Inc., Walter ....... . ... "9 Klein & Sons, Mathias 74 Lehigh Safety Shoe Co., Inc. , ,63 L'bbey-Owens-Ford Glass Co............... S5 Lima Cord Sole & Heel Co......................68 Lincoin-Schlueter Floor Mach. Co.......81 Macwhyte Co, ............................... .78 Milbum Co. ........... 92 Mine Safety Appliances Co... .1. F, Cover Mosso Laboratories, C. A. ............ ,83 National Safetv Council, Inc.......... 39-59 Never Slit) Safety Clamp Co.................93 Nissly, Walter S.................................. . , 73 Put ;v> uw.'.ni A practical and durable device to pre vent accidents to fingers and hands of operators. For lifting, feeding and positioning sheet metal blanks in stamping ma chines and die presses, rapidly trans ferring metal, fibre and other nonporous materials from piles or stacks, especially when oily or greasy and difficult to grasp with the fimgers* Used with equal success on blanks of curved contour. Lifts and holds parts securely, releas ing instantly when vacuum is broken by operator. Industrial Products Company Occident Prevention Equipment 800 W. Somerset St., Philadelphia, Pa. Pangborn Corporation ....... ............72 Propellair, Inc.............. 89 Pulmosan Safety Equip. I. B. Cover Pyroil Co.................... 93 Rose Mfg. Co.................. 68 Safety Clothing Co.......... ....................... si Safety Equip. Service Co. ... Back Cover Sly Mfg. Co., W. W..................... 80 Spencer Turbine Co. ............... 79 Stahmer Shoe Co., F. j..........................67 Stonehouse Signs, Inc........... .......... ,,61 Strauss Co., The ......... ............ , ,86 Tilley, John S. Ladders Co., Inc........ 61 Trumbull Mfg. Co................. ...oo U. S. Hoffman Machinery Corp. . .85 Wheeler Mfg. Co., F. H. ..................65-73 Williams Jewelry & Mfg, Co.................63 Williamsport Wire Rope Co...................2 Willson Products, Inc. ................. t Rernirni7.fi ;s *>t decidedly ernnt importune*- i imp reved f'yroii`s deninto ability tn inhi bit corrosion on b-arjntrs nm.i metn.Is---to stop (j... struetive *- <noNive o. tion. In udditmn. Improved pvnrol iriere.'iNf-s him strength of lubrientnts as much as *oey, Reduces surf; ice tension, iowms temperatures, iimuu-Hses power output Highly interesting laboratory and licit! data, supplying facts ot Im proved PyroiPs important function ing, sent FRBH on rciiurst. obli gation, Manufactured ;mil Guaran teed by Pyroil Company, \v. V, Kid der, Founder, LnFollette 4ve., I.nCro.s.Hc, \\ In,, ( . S, A. * Bvery Container lienrN w this signature * ... --.... F eurdrr NOVEMBER, 1936 The Buyers' Service All firms listed below are advertisers in this issue--See Advertisers' Index Page 93. A Accident Prevention Service National Safety Council, Inc. Abrasive* American Abrasive MetaU Co. American Foundry Uqulp. Co, Cm American Mason Safety Tread General Abraaire Co. Pangborn Corp. Adhesive Tape and Plaster Remover Alarms, Fire Mine Salety Appliance* Co. Ampoules, First Aid Davi* Emergency Equip. Co. Mnsso Labot stories, C. A. Anemometers . Bullard Company, E. l, Mine Safety Appliances Co. American Allsafe Co., Inc. Bullard Company. K. D, Dari* Emergency Equipment Co., Inc. , Industrial Gloves Corp, Industrie! Products Co. Mine Safety Appliance* Co. Pangborn Corp. , Pulmosan Safety Equipment Corp. Safety Clothing Co., The Safety Equipment Sendee Co., The Straus* Co., The Surety Runner Co, Wheeler Mfg. Co-, P. H> Arresters, Dust . American foundry Equip. Co Associated Guard Manufacturer* Bullard Company, B. D, Dracco Corporation Pattgimrn Corp . Sly Mfg. Co., Wo W. Awards, Prise Mine Safety Appliances t o. William* Jewelry & -Mfg. g*j. ves and Buttons ard Company. E, 0. ri safety Appliance* Co, William* Jewelry & Mfg. Co. Ilnprs, Tool. Linemen Ruhrke Company, R. H. Bullard Company. E. >>< Dana Emergency Equipment ci., Inc. Industrial Product* Co. Ihtimosan Safety Equipment '"HP. 4 Safety Equipment Service < o,, Th* Sirauv* Co., The Belts, Linemen American Allsafe *'. ln*r Ruhrke Company, R. H. Bullard Compauj. u. Darts Emergency Equipment Co., Inc. Industrial Products Co, Klein & Sons. Mathias Mine Safety Appliance* Co, Pulmosan Safety Equipment rnrp, Safety Clothing Co The Safety Equipment Service co,, The Strauss i o , The UeltN. Safety American Allsafe Co,. Imv Ruhrke Company, R. H. Bullard Company, E. D I'ivu Emergency Equit mew G , Inc, Industrial Products Cn. Mein 4 Rons, Mathias Mine Safety Appliances Co Pnlmoaan S'afety Equipment Corp. Safely Clothing Co . The Safety Equipment Seru<-e "0 . The Strain* t o , The Belts, Tree Trimming Btihrke Company, K. H. Bullard C. mpany. E. D. Industrial Products Co Mine Safety Appilancc* Co. PuClmorops.an Safety Equipment Strauss rn, The Belts, Window Cleaning Btihrke Company, It. H, Bullard Company. E D, Industrial Product* Co. .Mine Safety Appliances Co *moian Safety Equipment e .vug. t n, ty Clothing Co.. The m Co., The < inkets, Fireproof Rultard CompanT, B, D Dari* Emergency Equipment Co., Ine. Industrial Products Co. Mine Safety Appliances Co Pulmosan Safety Equipment Corp. Safety Clothing Co., The Safety Equipment Service Co., The Wheeler Mfg. Co., F, H, Blankets, Linemen Blockers, Aline Car Industrial Product* Co, Mine Safety Appliances Co. Pulmosan Safety Equipment Corp, Blockers, Railroad Car Bullard Company, E. 1), Industrial Products Co. Safety Equipment Service Co., The Blowers, Hose Mask Bullard Company, E, I), Daria Emergency Equipment Co,, Inc, Blowers, Portable, Kleetrlc Associated Guard Manufacturer* clement* Mfg. Co. Pangborn Corp. Spencer Tuibine Co lt. H. Hoffman Machy, corp. Buckets. Hoisting Ruhrka Company, It. ti. Bullard Company, B, l>, Darls Emergency Equipment Co., Inc, Bulletin Boards American Allsafe Co., Inc, Bullard Company, E. D Davis Emergency Equipment Co., Inc, Industrial Products Co, Mine Safety Appliances Co, Pulmosan Safety Equipment c.orp. Safety Equipment Service Co., The C Cans, Oil Bullard Company. E. I). Industrial Product! Co. Mine Safety Appliances Co, Safety Equipment Service Co., The Cans, Waste Bullard Company, E. D. Davit Emergency Equipment Co., Inc, Industrial Product* Co. Jusirlte Mfg. Co. Mine Safety Appliances Co. Pulmosan Safety Equipment Carp. Safety Equipment Berries Co.. The Chain, Factory Chairs, Posture Chairs, Safety, Boatswain Bullard Company. K, I), Mine Safety Appliance* Co Pulmosan Safety Equipment Corp, Straus* Co.. The damps, Hnil Industrial Products Co. Pulmosan Safety Equipment Corp. Safety Clothing Co., The damps or Sockets Never .Slip Safety Clamp Co. denning Equipment Abrnsive Ameriran Foundry Equip Pangborn Corp. denning Systems, Vacuum Associated Guard Manuftrpirri * elements Mfg, Co. iy .Mfg. Co , W w, Spencer Turbin* Co. Clothing for Industrial Workers--`See Aprons, doves. Hand Leathern, Leggings, Shoes Clothing, Acid Proof Industrial Products Co. Clothing, Fireproof American Attsafe Co . Ine. Bullard Company, K D Davis Emergency Equipment v, , Inc, Industrial Gloves Corn Industrial Product* Corp Mine Safety Appliances Co. Com.Putmnsan safety Equipment Safety CMhlng Co. Tit* Safety Equipment Seme Co ; Th Siraus i o Tiie Wlteeler Mfg Co., F H, Clothing, Linemen Clothing, Weatherproof Ameriran AIDaf Co,, Inc. Bullard Company. B, D Darla Emergency Equipment Co., Inc. Industrial Glare* Corp, Industrial Products Co Mine Safety Appliances Co Pulmosan Safety Equipment Carp, Safety Clothing Co., The Safety Equipment Sendee Co., The Collectors, Dust American Foundry Equip O', Associated Guard Manufacturers Dracco Corporation D 8 ilnffiiuti Machy, (\rp, Sly Mfg. Co.. \V. W Compouadn, Cleaning Industrial Product* Co, Safety Clothing Co., Th ( ontnlners, Explosive Liquid Bullard Company. B, D. Davis Emergency Equipment Co,, Inc. Industrial Products Co. luitrlte Mfg t n Mine Safety Appliances Co, Pulmosan Safety Equipment Gnrp. Safety Equipment Service Co,. Tlie Strauss Co., The D Detectors, (ns Bullard Company. E. D. Darls Emergency Equipment Co.. Inc. Mine safety Appliances Co. Detectors, Indicators, Recorders, Cnrbon Monoxide Bullard Company, E. D. Davit Emergency Equipment Co., Inc. Min* Safely Appliances to. Detectors. Pyrotnnnie Min* Safety Appliances Co. Disinfectants and Deodorants Huntington Laboratories, Inc. Miiburn Company Dust Counter Dusters, Rock Mine Safety Appliances Co, emblems, Safety Min* Safety Appliances Co, Williams Jewelry Mfg. Co. Exterminator, Rodent RxtlnguluhcrH. Fire American Alltafe Co,. Inc. Bullard Company, E, f Kidd* 4 re . Ine,, Walter Min* Safety Appliance* Co Pulmosan Safety Equipment Corp. Eyesight Surveys P Faun, Mxhnust American Foundry Equip iV Associated Guard Manufacturers Dracco Corporation Pangborn Corp Proiiellalr. Inc. Sly Mfg. Co.. W W. Films or Slides, Safety, For Rent and Sale National Safety Council, Inc, First Aid Equipment American Aifsafe to Inc Burnham La'toratnrie* Bullard Company. B D, Hurrougiis-WcMcome Co < H'SA.i Inc. Davi* Emergency Equipment C`;., Inc lUlpenn re , Inc., A, , Hvnson, Westrott 4 Dunning. Inc Industrial Products Co Mine Safetr Appliance* Co Mono laboratories *. A Pulmosan Safety Equipment Safely nothing Co , The Hafeur Equipment Seme* Ce., Tiie Flags. Danger Ruhrke Company, It. H. Bullard Company. E. f> Industrial Products Co Safety Equipment Servtce Co 'Hie Stonebows* Signs. Inc; Flashlights, Permissible Bullard Company. V",. IE Stasis Emergency Equip i Industrial Product* Co, Floor Cleaning; Machines. Electric Elnnell Systems, Inc, Unroin-Sohiueter Flour Machinin' Co FloSoarfeintyg Material. American Shrasive Metals Co American Mason Safety Tread Co Associated Guard Manufacturers General AUraaive Co Industrial Products Co. Footwear, Rubber Bullard Company, E. D: Industrial Product* Co Lehigh Safely Shu* Co, Mine Safety Appliance* Co. Pulmosan Safety Equipment Corp. Fountains, Drinking, Factory Bradley Washfountaln t`o. Frlgidalr* Corporation Fumigants G Germicides f.crmlcldes. Cutting Oil Huntington Laboratories, Inc. Miibum 1`ompauy GIonh, Safety American Optical Company Associated Guard .Manufacturers Bullard tympany. E, D. Chlrago Eye shield Co, Industrial Product* Co, Ltbhey-OvvenS'Ford Glass Co. Min* Safety Appliances Co, Pulmosan Safety Equipment Carp. .Safety Clothing Co-, Th* Safety Equipment Service Co,; Th* Willson Products. Inc, Gloves and Mittens American Allsafe Co. Im*, Bullard Company. E. D, Chicago Eye .Shield Co. Davis Emergency Equipment Co , Inc, Industrial Gloves Corp. Industrial Product* Co. Mine Safety Appliances Co, Pangborn Corp. Pulmosan Safety Equipment crp, Safety Clothing Co . Tiie Safety Equipment service Co,, Til* Wheeler Mfg. Co.. fr\ H. Goggles American Allsafe Co., Inc. American Optical Company Associated Guard Manufacturers Bullard Company, E, b. (Jtikago Eye Shield Co. raver, H. S. Davis Emergency Equipment Co.. Inc, Industrial Products Co. Mine Safely Appliance! Co. Pulmosan Safety Equipment Corp, Safety Ciothlng Co.. The Safety Equipment Service Co , The Willson Products. Inc. Gotsgs, SIreDK, Horns and other Signaling Devices Bullard Company, E, D Industrial Products Co. Mine Safety Appliances Co. GratlngN, Safety Guards, Chip and Spark Associated Guard Manufacturers Bullard Company. E D, Chicago Eye Shield Co. Industrial Products t o Safety Clothing Co. Ilie safety Equipment Service Cm,- Tiie Guards for Edged Tools Ruhrke Co,, R. H. Guards, Flywheel Issocuteii Guard Manufecturert Hanington & King Perforating Industrial Products Co. Guards, Foot and Toe Bullard Company, k D Chicago Eve Rldehl Co. Industrial products fo. Mine Safety Appliances Co. Puclomqo>san Hafety Equipment Safety Clothing Co.. Tiie Safetv Equipment RerTire Co.. The Strauss Co.. Tiie ' Guards, Gear lsnri.ited Guard Manufacturer* Industrial Products Co Guards, Grinding Wheel Afnciate| Guard Manufacturers Industrial Product* Co, Gunrds, Jointer Associated Guard Manufacturers Industrial Product* Co Safety Equipment Service Crj,, Th* Guards, Kick Press Associated Guard Manufacturers Guards, Portable Lamp Guards, Lathe Associated Guard Sfanufacturers Guards, Planer Associated Guard Manufacturers Gunrds, Power Press American Allsafe Co,, luc. Associated .Guard Manufacturers Chicago Eye Shield Co, Industrial Products Co, Guards, Lamp, Safety Associated Guard Manufacturers Guards, Safety American Allsafe Co,, Inc. Associated Guard Manufacturers Dullard Company, E. D Harrington 4 King Perforating Co. Industrial Product* Co, Safety Clothing Co., The Safety Equipment Service Co,, The Strauss Co., The ttuardH, Saw Associated Guard Manufacturer* Bullard Company. E, D, Industrial Product* Co, Safety Equipment Service Co., Th Gunrdft, Shnper Associated Guard Manufacturer* Industrial Products Co. GunrdH, Treadle Associated Guard Manufacturers H Hand (`ream Bullard Company, E. D, Davis Emergency Equipment Co., Inc. Industrial Products Co, .Mine Safety Appliances Co, Safety Clothing Co,, Th Hats, Safety Bullard Company, E. D, Davis Emergency Equip, c'o, industrial Products Co. Mine Safety Appliances co. Pulmosan Safety Equipment '<*rp. Safety Clotliing Co., Th Straus* C;! Tiie Heat Cramp Preventives Davis Emergency Equip, t o. Fairway Laboratories, Inc. industrial Product* Co. Helmets, Safety American Allsafe Co,. Inc. American Optical Company Bullard Company, E, L>, Chicago Eye Shield Co, Davi* Emergency Equipment Co,, Ine. Industrial Products Co, Mine Safety Appliances Co, Pangborn Corp, Pulmosan Safety Equipment Corp. Safety Clothing Co.. The Safety Equipment Service Co,, Tiie -straws Co,, Th Wheeler Mfg. Co., F. H Willson Products. Inc, ffofstg, Flectrlc Holders, Toot Hooks, Safety Belt Ruhrke Company. R, H. Bullard Company, E. D. Pavla Emergency Equipment Co . Inc, Industrial Products Co, Mine Safety Appliances Co Pulmosan Safety Equipment Corp, Safety Equipment Service Co., Th >traua* t`oTiie Hooks, safety. Hoisting Industrial Product* Co. Macwhyte Go, Hospital Equipment Rultard Company, E, D Rurroiighi'Wellcam i n , a'.S.A.) Inc. liavu Emergency Equipment Co., Inc. Industrial Product* Co .Mine Safety Appliances i n jfafety Equipment Seme Co., The t Inctinntors, Carboy Bullard Company. E, D Industrial Products Co Safety Clothing Co., Th* Safety 1-iquipment Service *"'o. The Indicators. Flnmmabte Vapor Bullard Company, E, D. Darla Emergency Equipment re., Inc, Mine Safety Appliances Co. Inbntntors Bullard Company. E, D. Davis Emergency Equipment Co,. Inc. Mine Safely Appliance* Co, Insurance American Mutual Liability Insurance Co. NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS 95 THE BUYERS' SERVICE All firms listed below are advertisers in this issue--See Advertisers' Index Page 93. j Li Ladder Shoes or Feet American Allsafe Co., Inc= American Abraslv* Metal* Co. American Masoo Safety Tread Co. Associated Guard Manufacturers Bullard Company, E. IX Davis Emergency Equipment Co.. Inc. Dayton Safety Ladder Co, industrial Product* Co. Mine Safety Appliances Co. Pulmosan Safety Equipment Corp, Rose Mfg. Co, Safety CloUitng Co., The Ladders, Safety Aluminum Ladder Co. American Allsafe Co., Inc. Bullarfl' Company, EX D. Dayton Safety Ladder Co. Mine Safety Appliances Co. Pulmosan Safety Equipment Corp, Tilley Ladders Co.. Inc., John s. Lamp Hangers Lamps, Safety Benjamin Electric 'Mfg, Co. Bullard Company, E, D. Darls Emergency Equipment Co,, Inc. Mine Safety Appliance* Co. Lanterns, Carbide Bullard Company. . D, Lanterns. Electric Bullard Company, E, D, Industrial Products Co, Justrlte Mfg. Co. Mine safety Appliances Co. Leathers, Hand American Allsafe Co., Inc. Bullard Company, E. D. Industrial Gloves Corp. Industrial Product* Co, Pulmosan Safety Equipment Corp. Safety Clothing Co.. The Safety Equipment Berries Co., The Strauss Co., Til* Wheeler Mfg. Co,, i\ H, Leggings American Allsafe i,, Inc. Bullard Company, B. D. Darla Emergency Equipment Co.. Inc. Industrial Gloves Corp. Industrial Products Co, Mine Safety Appliances Co. Pulmosan Safety Equipment Corp. Safety Clothing Co.. The Safety Equipment Service Co., The Strauss Co., The Wheeler Mfg. Co., F it. Lighting Equipment, Industrial . Benjamin Electric Mfg. Co. Line Hose Lockers and Hangers for Clothing Industrial Products Co. Locks, Lamp Industrial Products Co. Mine Safety Appliances Co. Safety Equipment Service Co., The Lubrication Pyroil Company 31 Machines, Floor Clean ing, Electric Flnnell Systems, Inc. Uncoln-Schtueter Floor Machinery Co Markers, Traffic Safety Equipment Service Co., The Maska American Allsafe Co., Inc. American Optical Company Bullard Company, fcL O, Chicago Eye Shield Co. Davis Emergency Equipment Co., Inc, Industrial Products Co. Mine Safety Appliances Co, Paogborn Corp. Pulmosan Safety Equipment Corp, Safety Clothing Co., The Safety Equipment Service Co., Tiie Strauss Co., The Willson Products, Inc. Slats, Standing, Safety American Mason Safety Tread Co, Bullard Company, & D. Buxhaum Company Davis Emergency Equipment Co., Inc. Industrial Products Co. Metal, Expanded Associated Guard Manufacturers Metal, Perforated Associated Guard Manufacturers Harrington St King Perforating Co. Meter*, Ligkt Testing Industrial Products Co, Mover*, Railway Car Bullard Company, E. D. Industrial Products Co. Safety Equipment Service C., The Oxygen Breathing Apparatus Darts Emergency Equipment Co., Inc. Mine Safety Appliance* Co, P Par*. Miners* Lehigh Safety Shoe Co, Pads, Knee Associated Guard Manufacturers Bullard Company, E, D industrial Gloves Corp. Industrial Product* Co, Mine Stfety Appliance* Co, Safety Equipment Sendee Co., The Strauss Co., The Poster Service National Safety Council, Inc. Protector*, Arm mipany. K, D, Davis Emergency Equipment Cs,, Inc. Industrial Glove* Corp. Industrial Product! Co. Mine Safety Appliances Co, Pulmosan Safety Equipment Corp. Safety Clothing Co.. The Safety Equipment Service Uo,, The Sirius* Co.. Hie 1 Wheeler Mfg. Co., F: H, Protector*, Finger Davis Emergency Equip, Co, Industrial Gloves Corp. Industrial Product* Co,. The Safety Clothing Co., The Safety Equipment Service Co,, The Strauss Co., The Protector* for Linemen American Allsafe Co., Inc. Bullard Company, K, D. Davis Emergency Equipment Co,, Inc. Industrial Glove* Corp. Industrial Product* Co, Mine Safety Appliance* Co, Putmesan Safety Equipment Corp. Safety Equipment Service Ca,, The Strauss Company, Inc., The Publication*, Safety National Safety Council, Inc, Puller*, Pane Bullard Company, E. D. Industrial Products Co, Mine Safety Appliances Co, Safety Equipment Service Co.. The Pump*. Oxygen Mine Safety Appliances Co. Respirators American Allsafe Co., Inc. American Optical Company Bullard Company, E, 0, Chicago Eye Shield Co. Cover, H, S, Davis Emergency Equipment Inc, Industrial Products Co, Mine Safety Appliance* Co, Pansboru Corp. Pulmosan Safety Equipment Corp. Safety Clothing Co., The Safety Equipment Service Co., The Willson Products, Inc, Resuscitation Equip, meat Bullard Company, E, D, Dili* Emergency Equipment Co,. Inc. Mine Safety Appliances Co, Hope, Wire Macvrhyte Company Scaffolding, Safety Aluminum Ladder Co, TIUey ladders Co , Inc., intm 8, Screw Driver*, Non Skid Associated Guard Manufacturers Industrial Products Co, Seat*, Toilet, Sanitary Shades, Eye, Nonhreakable Associated Guard Manufacturers Bullard Company, E, D, Chicago Eye Shield Co. Davis Emergency Equipment Co., Inc. Industrial Products Co. Mine Safety Appliances Co. Safety Clothing Co., The .safety Equipment Service Co., The Shade*, Window, industrial Shoes, Safety, Factory and Foundry American Atlsafe Co,, Inc, Associated Guard Manufacturers Brown Shoe Company Bullard Company. E. D. Childs & Company, ft, Industrial Products Co. International Shoe Co. Lehigh Safety Shoe Co, Mine Safety Appliances Co. Safety Equipment Service Cc,, The Shoes, Wooden Sole Industrial Products Co. Safety Clothing co.. The Stahmer Shoe Co., !', j, Signs, Accident Prevention Bullard Company. E, D. Industrial Products t o. Mine Safety Appliances Co. Safety Clothing Co., The Safety Equipment Service Co,. The Stonehouie Signs. Inc, Siren* and Signals Bullard Company, E. D, Industrial Products Co. Sleeves, Robber Slings, Chain Slings, Safety, Wire Rope Macwhyte Company Soap Huntington Laboratories. Inc. Soles, Shoe, Non-slip Lima Cord Sole <k Heel Co, Sterilizing Equipment Straps, Safety ftuhrke Company, B. H. Bullard Company, E, D. Darla Emergency Equipment CO:, Inc, Industrial Products Co. Klein & Bona. Mathias Strauss Co., The Stretcher I'wlts Davis Emergency Equip, `.o. Industrial Products Co, Sweat Hands for Goggles Halperin Co , Inc,. A, E, System*, Dust Control American Foundry Equip. Co. Associated Guard Manufacturers nraeeo Corporation Fangborn corp. Sly Mfg. Co.. W, W. T Tents, Pneumonia Mine Safety Appliance* Co. Testers, Fuse Tools, Linemen Bullard Company, E. D. Davit Emergency Equipment On., Inc. Industrial Product! Co. Klein A Sons, Mathias Tools, Marking or Stamping Tools, Non-sparking Bullard Company, gj, d, Industrial Products Co, Pulmosan Safety Equipment Corp. Torches, Blow Klein & Sons, Mathias Treads, Safety American Allsafe Co., Inc. American Abrasive Metals Co, American Mason Safety Tread Associated Guard Manufacturers Industrial Products Co. Treads, .Safety t nr Step American Abrasive Metal* n American Mason Safety Tread Associated Guard Manufacturers Bullard Company, . D. Trestles, Safety, Extension Industrial Products Co. Trophies Williams Jewelry Mfg. o. V Valves, Oxygen Mine Safety Appliances Co. Vending Machines, Sanitary Ventilating Equipment American Foundry Equip. * , Associated Guard Manufacturers Dracco corporation Pangbum Corp. Sly Mfg. Co.. W. W. w Washers, Safety for {rinding Wheel* Industrial Products Co. Washroom Equipment, Industrial Beadle? Washfountaln Co, Welding Equipment Davis Emergency Equip. <_o. Wrenches, Hopper Car Industrial Product* Co. Safety Equipment Service Co., The Wrenches Non-sparking Industrial Products Co. Wrenches, Open End Wrenches, Pipe Wrenches, Socket Industrial Safety Market A S A SERVICE to our readers, /\ we endeavor to maintain a complete list of the source of supply of all types of safety and allied equipment. If you do not End what you want in the advertising pages, send in the coupon below, and we will have forwarded to you without charge, or obligation, detailed in* formation and catalogs on mate* rial to meet your requirements. National Safety News 20 North Wacker Drive, Chicago Please have forwarded to me from various manufacturers, without charge, prices, catalogs, etc., on the following material: Specifications: (Be specific as to size, capacity, quantity, etc., when prices are wanted.) Company......................... ........................... ,.......................................................................................................... Address ........................................................................................................................................................... Youc Name.............................................................. NOVEMBER.19.16 JhsL dadcbmL ftcuwmsd&h* Prepared by the Statistical Bureau, National Safety Council ACCIDENTAL DEATHS OF ALL TYPES ruse approximately 9 per cent JL \.from a total of 9,440 in August, 193,5 to 10,280 in August 1936 This increase was divided among motor vehicle, home, and occupational acci dents. Public, not motor vehicle, acci dent fatalities were the same in number as last year. More than half of the in crease was classified as `home", and probably was made up chiefly of exces sive heat fatalities, for the July "hot spell" continued into August in some states. This also applies in lesser degree to the advance in the occupational fatal ity total. With the addition of the Aug ust figures-the accidental death total for this year mounted to 74.880, or 15 per cent above last year's comparable total of 65,020. Occupational accidental deaths numbered about 1,600 in August, or 23 per cent more than in August. 1935. Ex cessive heat continued to play a part in increasing the total, although the num ber of deaths from this cause was not so great as in July. The eight months' to tal of occupational fatalities is estimated at 11,700, or 7 per cent above last year's comparable total of 10,900. For the inter-plant contests of community safety councils the frequency rate per million man-hours for August was 13.48, com pared with 12.09 for August, 1935. The severity rate per thousand man-hours, however, dropped from 1.13 to 1193. The average frequency rate for the eight months of the contests was 12.14 (down 8 per cent from last year), and the aver age severity rate was 0.94 (up 4 per cent from 1935). In the three sectional con tests conducted by the Xational Safety Council the August frequency rate was 11.65 or 30 per cent above August. 1935. and the eight months' rate was 10.02, or 15 per cent over last year. Industrial Commissions in 18 states received re ports on 547 accidental deaths during September, or 11 per cent more than were reported in September, 1935. Aviation accidents in scheduled air 1 tne operations numbered 42 during the .irst six months of this year, according to the C. S. Bureau of Air Commerce. These accidents resulted in the death of 35 persons (27 of them passengers), the severe injury of 11 others, and minor in- membered that reports for the first seven All Accidental Deaths months of this year show an increase in gasoline consumption of 10 per cent. January-August Commercial vehicle accidents in August showed a marked upward trend. 1936 ............................. 74,880 1935 ............................ 65,020 1934 ............................ 67,433 For all types of vehicles in the National Fleet Safety Contest the accident rate per 100,000 vehicle-miles was 1.93, or 10 per cent above the comparable rate [U.S. Census Bureau total for 1934; National Safety Council estimates for 1935 and 1936.) for last year. For buses, the rate was 1.09, or 17 per cent over last year; for trucks, 2.78 or 6 per cent up; and for passenger cars, 1.47--an advance of 7 per cent. However, the rates for the juries to 60 more. The total number of passenger-miles flown was 204,501,624, which indicates a death rate of 13.2 per 100.000.000 passenger-miies. During the first six months of 1935 there were only 4 passengers killed in scheduled air line operations, in a total of 162,858.746 passenger-miles flown. This represents a death rate of only 2.S. Motor vehicle fatalities increased in August, compared with August, 1935. The advance amounted to 4 per cent. It was announced in the October issue of Public Safety that there had been a 2 per cent decrease in deaths in August, but since that time reports have been re ceived from seven states that showed a large increase in total, which resulted in changing the national estimate from a decrease to an increase. Also, during the past three weeks additional state re ports have been received that have re sulted in increases to estimates for eariier months--particularly February, April and July. Considering these changes, it is necessary to set the estimate for the first eight months of 1936 at 22.430, or less than 1 per cent under last year's comparable total of 22,480. However, in considering this record it must be re- preceding month were enough to offset these increases, and the averages for July and August t the first two months of the Contest) show the following improve ments: All types, down from 1.82 to 1.78; buses, down from 1.03 to 0.97; trucks, down from 2,73 to 2.56; pas senger cars, up only from 1.35 to 1.36. Public (not motor vehicle) deaths in August numbered approximately 2,100, or the same number as occurred in August, 1935. Drowning probably continued to be the outstanding type of fatal accident, although the peak of these fatalities was passed in July. The eight months' estimate of the "other public" deaths is 13,600, or 11 per cent above the 19.35 comparable figure of 12,200. Home accident deaths totaled about .3,200 in August, which is 14 per cent more than were estimated for August. 19,35. judging by the reports received, it seems likely that excessive heat played some jiart in this increase, although there was no such prolonged widespread "hot spell" as characterized the month of July. In each month this year there has been an increase in home fatalities and the eight months' estimate is 29,100 deaths compared with 21,300 for the same period of 1935, Looking ahead .... November will probably be the peak THESE items summarize briefly the of the year for motor vehicle fatalities-- monthly reports collected by the at least in comparison with the volume National Safety Council to show currentof traffic on the streets and highways. accident trends. Certain reports are Deaths from bums, and from absorption analyzed more fully in other monthly publications of the Council, devoted to industrial, traffic, commercial vehicle, of poisonous gases (particularly carbon monoxide) usually show some increase home, and school safety. In addition, in November, although they may be the Council's annual statistical report more numerous during the colder months "Accident Facts," contains detailed in of the winter. Total accidental deaths formation on all types of accidents. will probably increase bv a few hundred, NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS , v/ * h % The safety---comfort--and easy breathing pro vided by the Pulmosan M-l 100 Dust Respirator, are approved by authorities . . . and by the work ers who wear it! The filter pouch is designed to give maximum pro tection against finest Type "A" Dusts, with a minimum of breathing resistance. It gives unob structed vision, easy cieanability and long life. Other features are its all-aluminum body, patent ed non-inflated face cushion, flutter exhaust valve and all-rubber headbands ... all contributions to comfort, lightness and long service. Write for literature and prices. PULMOSAN L-2100 LEAD DUST RESPIRATOR The new L-2100 Respirator combats the dan gers of Lead Dusts to workers engaged in battery making, enameling, pottery making, rubber compounding, sandpapering and chip ping painted surfaces, paint making, preparing lithotransfers, mining, milling and processing of lead ores. Similar in construction and advantages to the M-l 100 above, the L-2100 Lead Dust Res pirator employs a specially made filter pouch meeting the strictest lead dust specifications. Write for information and prices. PULMOSAN SAFETY EQUIPMENT Member: Industrial Safety Equipment Ass'n. 176 Johnson Street Brooklyn, N. Y. Michigan Distributor: THE BOYER-CAMPBELL CO., Detroit Superior Dist. Dist \/ n n r l i a nr* r\ t .i v j* CORP WLMV economy -- Every lime you buy a goggle not equipped with a Non-Rubber headband you assume an expense for maintenance of headbands that is unnecessarily wasteful. Paying for headbands that have to be replaced, may eventually result in paying twice the original cost of the goggles. Why continue to buy goggles which will pile up Vxtra headband maintenance cost' when you can purchase Super-Drednaut goggles equipped with Non Rubber headbands at no additional FIRST COST and which will eliminate EXTRA COST for replacement of headbands. A goggle not fitted with Non-Rubber headhands CANNOT be as economical to maintain as one so fitted. COMFORT-- Dtednaut Non-Rubber headbands can be adjusted to exactly lit any workman with comfort. Vihen so adjusted IT WILL NOT \ AR\ in tension and size, and will not -treteli out of shape or deteriorate. THIS IS NOT TRUE OF ANY OTHER HEAD BAND. How can goggles be continuously comfortable to wear when the headband varies in tension from time to time and which starts to deteriorate quickly? The an- wer is that it CANNOT, Only Dreadnaut NON-RUBBER headbands jffiw contirmou'. unvarying romfort. LONG LIFE-- Long Life? Of course they have a long life. There is no rubber to deteriorate bv perspi ration, moisture, acid, oil or grease. Neither arc they affected by sterilization of any kind including boiling water, nor do they have to be removed from the goggle when sterilized. They do not twist or curl out of shape and they do not pull the hair, nor cut the head, but will give continuous comfortable service indefinitely. Fill out the coupon below today and send it in. Examine for yourself the real merits and comfort of (his wonderful headband. Tk* Safety ikuipt &<rvie CtMMsy <NSN> 1I 81. Clair Aveauc. Cleveland. Ohla Wa*< ta eumiRe,yur Dradaant Entsmkl* (Qtffltt and Htadkaitd). JWa*a ...................... ......... ......................... ............... C*MM*y Name Address .......... .