Document zOXR94jDgONQJbn7nxnvMG7n

71-0674-7 Monitoring nnd Residues liniilar lo Aroclor 1260, indicating a 60*. chlorine concentialion in (lie l*Cli residue. Extracts of the sludge from the various industrial plants consistently yielded concentrations of SO to 160 ppm VCB (dry weight). Oil the basis of these results and (lie amount of sludge liartr.porlcd to (lie deep waters and dumped, H was calculated that about I ton of 1'Clt was dumped eaclt year. Similar analyses front Manchester and lxmdon revealed liial these cities also dumped about I ton PCI! each into the Northern Irish Sea and off the Thames estuary, respectively. The tooice of the PCI) icsiducs could be haoed no fusilier than the sewage treatment plants within the seo|re of this study. It is believed that the residues originate in indufttiinl wastes. No PCB icsiducs have so far been detected in frcrfiwalcr fish in Scotland. 71-0674. Stewart, D. K. R.; Chisholm, D.; Ragnb, M. T. !!. (Res. Station, Canada Dept, of Agticultmc, KentvilJe, Nova Scotia, Canada). Long term persistence of parathion in soil. Nature 229(5279): 47; 1971. (7 references) Soil samples from plots which had been treated with 31.4 Ih/acic paiathron yearly from 1949 through 1953 were analyzed using a gas-liquid chromatograph (GLC) equipped with a (lame photometric detector in order to identify (he possible degradation products. Earlier studies (Chisltolm) ct sL, 1955) of soil from these plots found that the parathion residues had declined from the applied concentration of 15.7 ppm lo 0.5 ppm in the fail of 1953. Ry 1964. the residue concent) ations were further reduced to 0.2 ppm. This detec tion method (Avcrcil and Norris, 1948) did not allow identification of degradation products. New samples were taken from depths of 0 (o 4, 4 lo 8, 8 to 12 and 12 to 16 in, lii-dricd, extracted with hex.me/ooeioue (1:1) and prepared for analysis by G1.C using the flame photometric detector. The samples were analyzed using three different columns: a 3% OV-17, 2% DECS and o I0VC DC-200 column. Smr.il quantities of pnrathion were detected and identified, but no degradation products were found. These findings were confirmed by thin-layer cinematography (T I C) using an eslcuse inhibition technique (Mendoza rr n/,, 1968). Residue concentrations delected at the various depths were 0.060, 0.063,0.008 ppm and only a trace at 0 to 4, 4 to 8.8 to 12 and 12 to 16 in, respectively, which showed there was wry little downward movement of parathion in this sandy loam soil. A total of about 0 1% of the parathion applied to the plots remained in the soil 16 years after the lust application. That parathion may have been dissolved in lipids of die soil otg.otic inattci and thus protected from barter ial degradation and hydrolysis may explain its unusually long persistence irt the soil. 71-0675. lJoyd-Jones. C. P. (I:nng Ashton Res. Station. U. of Riistol, Bristol, England). Esnpuiaiioit of DDT. Saltire 229(5279): 65 6; 1971. (8 references) The evaporation rate of unifounly ring-labeled 14-C-DDT was investigated and compared to tire' calculated tales. Calculating tin- rate front the relation between the vapor pressure, the gaseous diffusion coefficient and the still air layer thickness, DDT should evaporate at the rate of 0.003 mcr/sq cm/hr at 20 C and at 0.0002 nteg/sq cm/hr at 5 C. Another mctlrud of calculating the rate using tire relation between the rale of loss, lire product of vapor pressure and the square r.vt of the molecular weight results in a rate of 0.002 nice vj cm/hr. The labeled DDT (0.5 meg/sq cm) was applied i:i ethanol to 3.8 sq cm aluminum planchrts. During S3 dj\ s jr. a well-ventilated loom away (tom diiect sunlight. tadic*.isj\ i revealed that the counts steadily decreased from the imvjl value of about 180 to 10 cps. When maintained outdoors m a Stevenson's screen for 43 days when the average maximum and minimum temperatures were 7.0 and 1.3 C, the courts declined from 200 lo 80 cps. The mean rates of loss in these two experiments were 0.002 rneg/sq cm/hr and 0.0003 mee <q crn/lrr, respectively. The same amount of DDT was placed in enamelled metal dishes and exposed continuously lo blouir.j ir (about 10 mph) fot 14 days. Recoveries wtte between 26 and 33% of the control, equivalent to 0.001 meg/sq cm'hr. A fomth experiment designed to recover tire volatilized rji> activity, revealed that inverted untreated planchets acquired radioactivity with a mean count of 20 cps after J4 days at 20 C. The experimentally determined evaporation rates, in good agicement with the calculated values, arc equal to about 2 Ib/acrc/yr in the summer and about 0.3 Ib/acre/yx in if? "'inter. About Vi of the DDT applied to field crops may encr the atmosphere. ' 71-0676. Acker, L.; Schulte. E. (InsUlut fuel Lebensmittf!- chcmic. Universitaet Muenster. Mucnster.^tlfMM4M. The occurrence of ftdoTfontgd biphemT* and hexaehlorobenzene in addition to clifftrfna(& Invrerleldrs a*d kuip'aA' friiy.Jiuue. WalitnviSiCM(i;aftc>i 3/(10/: 497; /')7j. (7 JmreheM) (German) This is a rcjrort for the first time of the findh:. by gas-chromatographic techniques, in human milk and iV.;> tissue extracts of significant amounts of polyehlc:i:>v?j biphenyls (PCB), hrxachlotphenzenc (HCH), DDT, DDI. ir.i be/fl-HCH (fa'/tf-hcxachlorocyclohexattc). J:t whole hum.r milk, the content of PCI) and 11CB was. 0.103 and 0.155 ppr: respectively; in human milk fat 3.5 and 5 3 ppm. respecirv.v. and in human fat tissue 5.7 and 6.3 ppm. respectively. T possible origin of these residues in the light of the uses of PC 3 in electrotechnology, laqucrs, varnishes, plastics ans s> nthei. products is discussed. 71-0677. Edwards, C. A.; Thompson, A. R.: Ileywon, K. I: Edwards, M. J. (ftotlu.msted Experimental St.'.ti;*. Ilarpcndcn. Hertfordshire. England). Movement of dieldrin through soils. I. Prom arable soils into ponds. FeitinJc 5:i 1(5): 169-73; 1970. (II references) Dieldrin was applied ,n a rale of 22 to 45 kg/ha to t: -> above four ponds. Samples of soil front the strips, soil fr.rn the slopes leading lo the ponds, fsoitd water wnl pondtor.-.-r. mud were removed at intenais up to 81 week' ami extr wjth hexane. The cxtractswcre analyzed In pyltqmd ehvr .togiaphy (CU.C) lo truce the movement of dteldiirt from r licutcd strips into the ponds. Recovery v.-lues rjr.eed tru'n -5 to 100%. At Line ton (England i rites A and It, the du-Id: lightly r.iked into (lie soil s'.!ri.:cc. at ilie Sohliull site i: n.> thoroughly incorpniuicd m:o the soil and ui lost Mren i; -v.- 186 mon 5 078065