Document yrQjXo0ZK73vamKYRXb861Z1E

says H. C. "Bill" Fisher, Findlay, Ohio "I've been going on hunting trips a long time--longer than I'd like to admit-- and have brought down a lot of game. Many of my shots have been at long range. But with Peters 'High Velocity' ammunition, I've never worried about knocking down a deer, antelope, or bear--if my aim was right. "For my money, only Peters `High Velocity' packs the power you want on long, difficult shots." Take it from an expert like Bill Fisher and try Peters "High Velocity" ammunition on your next hunting trip. For any make of modern American gun . . . there's no more powerful am munition in the world than Peters "High Velocity." ASK YOUR DEALER for Peters "High Velocity" big-game cartridges. Peters gives you a wide variety of bullet types and calibers. "Inner-Belted" or Protected Point Expanding bullets penetrate deep . . . deliver smashing power. Other features-- uniform bullet, minimum disintegration in heavy big game, "Rustless" non-corrosive priming for split-second ignition. PETERS /?acs t/re POWER PETERS CARTRIDGE DIVISION, BRIDGEPORT 2, CONN, "Rustless" is Reg. U. S. Pat. Off. "High Velocity" and "Inner-Belted'' are trademarks of Peters Cartridge Division, Remington Arms Company, Inc. DU PONT MAGAZINE JAMES II. McCOHMICK, Editor Associate Editors, GORDON II. KESTER MARY ELLEN EVANS Published and copyrighted 1953 by E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. (Inc.), Wilmington, Delaware. Al! rights reserved. This magazine or parts thereof may not be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher. Printed in U.S.A. For more than 00 years Du Pont neienlists have been developing new arid bet Lei fungicides. This fifth in a aeries of cover paintings and lend articles on our major ixseardi activities covers the Company's , , . War on spores HWMBBBIIi :v. `Vr . 1i. a;- tr.yTohdhy to r,' V . -fo .#. T:>. " ^ := v .:...-. I-; . T; : v " yj. /... . .: : . -- MB- was By T A 1,M T?G O'iri* McCORMICK jiictyfboibCvfib: V;.v v.i" - ........ BlllIM '....................................................................................... ..... "f ;- . rbwCE1: a'"..'!iiiK{ii!gi!iiti.. - > . .1 : ; ' ^-''MaMIMililllllBllliilEljllB^ illli^lllillllllllllll^HiiMtliNIIS^ .. MMfc- r- It was 1931, and the Great Depression was just iCg* jimineO to make itself felt. At Du Pont research continued, and at Ms lab bench Dr, W. H, Tisdale remained to 25,000 parts of water, the smut spores did not germinate. More tests of dithiocarbamate ' salts followed--on mildew of roses, wood-stainins' dusted spores of barley smut Into a test tube and added fungi, apple scab, and others. Each -time the chemical a solution of a chemical obtained from the Company's killed quickly, and a major new family of fungicides rubber chemicals laboratory. It was labeled sodium was on the way. '' dithiocarbamate. He followed his usual procedure, cen- This discovery highlighted the eleventh year of trifuging the mixture and then planting the spores on Du Font's war on spores. Way back when the Corn- culture plates to grow. But the spores didn't grow-; pany was recruiting technical brains in Europe.after tlieF....were dead, liven though the test was repeated........ World War I,. It had. engaged.Dr,; Max Engelroan, .who time and time again until only one part of the-cliemical had done some work on mercurial compounds as ... germicides and fungicides. At Da Pont he had continued this study, and from It came products that are now standards: "Semesan" seed disinfectant for control of fungi attacking vegetable seed; "Ceresan" seed disinfectant for coating grain; and "Lignasan" fungicide for treating green lumber to control fungus sap stains. Dr, Tisdale's strong lead on the dithiocarbamates galvanized the Company Into action, and agricultural fungus disease study was ex panded and centered in the Grasselli Chemicals Dept. While the new dithiocarbamates were taking the literally hundreds of separate steps from the first screening to commercial acceptance, another study was begun. This time the goal was an entirely new type of seed disinfectant that would open the way to protect other types of crops. The goal, when readied, proved to be an organic sulfur compound, a first cousin of the iltMocarhamates. The product was named "Arasan" seed dis infectant, or, when compounded to control brown patch and dollar spot on turf, "Tersan" 75 fungicide. A few years later, "Fermate" fungicide reached the final testing stage--but with two strikes against it. A good fungicide, yes, but this iron dithiocarbamate salt was too expensive to compete with sulfur. Then "Fermate" scored the first of its successes in Connecticut, the home of high-priced, shade-grown tobacco for cigar wrappers. In some mysterious way, a fungus disease known as blue mold had begun wiping out the seedling beds. One year, blue mold was no problem. Three years later it threatened the whole Connecticut to bacco Industry, and representatives of the Connecticut Valley Experi ment Station at Windsor called for aid. Du Pont rushed ten pounds of the new chemical for testing on the 1841 crop. The station director wrote this about the tests file next spring; "Hundreds of materials have been tested here and elsewhere, but It was iinly during the last winter that we finally found one which has given satisfactory results. This Is a sooty Mack powder named 'Fermate'." Nowadays the fungicide is even more at home in the tobacco beds of the South than in those of New England. SUCCESS ON APPLE TKEES CAME NEXT While tobacco growers were fighting blue mold, apple growers in New York were worrying with apple-cedar rust, a fungus that spends part of its life cycle damaging apples, Again a period of greenhouse tests was followed by ones on outside test plots--at the New York State Agricultural Experiment Station in Geneva, N.Y. In this case. Then applications were made on commercial orchards in the Hudson Valley. And again a spectacular success--plus an unexpected bonus. The 'compound not only prevented rust, but also showed up as a good control for apple scab, America's major apple disease. Recently we learned that the use of dithiocarbamates on Oregon pears is credited with increasing the crop by 300,000 boxes annually. Dii Pont researchers, finding that the iron dithiocarbamate salt was so good, quickly prepared ones in which other -metals were sub stituted for the iron. The zinc salt, especially, was successful, and it was eventually marketed as "Seriate" fungicide, recommended for control of certain vegetable plant diseases. These new fungicides, however, couldn't any more control all Important fungus diseases than penicillin and sulfa drugs can cure all human diseases. Grasselli biologists and pathologists continued to ertpupfisii empiric* Du Pouters also campaigned against industrial losses from fungi. Badly needed, for example, was a product to protect light-colored ' paints"" from.iirty-lo'oklng" mildew...particularly - In..factories"' where"" humidity was high, or on the shady north side of homes in coastal .7**1 areas. At least four -separate research sections at Du Pont'have got into'this act at one time or another. The Finishes Division, as early as 1930, was adding varying amounts of known and hoped-for mildew kilters to samples of white and light tinted paints, and then testing to see what happened when mildew had a chance to rob the paint of its good looks. This was done either by painting small panels with the special finishes and exposing them on paint farms in Delaware and Florida, or by inoculating the panda with mildew spores and exposing them to simulated weather in the lab. When a test panel resisted mildew attack, factory or home tests followed. For example, panels of various mildew-resistant paint 'formulations were hung in humid work areas of a bakery or textile mill. Trained researchers followed the tests, and In J Jratrnntiw - fungi organisms are flourish lug on untreated corn' (right), but seed disinfectant protects grain (left). time'successful' candidates got"full-scale tryouts across the country. In trying out IN-2555 phenyl mercury ojeafe fungicide as a mildew-inhibitor for outside white paint, for example, banes were painted in more than a dozen cities and periodically checked for as long as ten years before the product got an unconditional go-ahead. Back In the main ring where agriculture was being emphasized, "Mandate" fungicide, employing the -manganese metal salt this time, was prepared by Dr. A. L. Flenner, This new' manganese ethylene bisdithiocarbamate protected tomatoes against both early and late Might without harming the plant itself. Field trials, verifying greenhouse results, added anthracnose to the list of fungi to fall before "Manzate". .........'Then...in typical.airicultaral..fungicide -fashion, began six long years of testa by 75 to 100 non-Du Pont investigators. "Manzate" is a going product now: on a recent;check at the farm of W. R.Goodwin in Mioeo, Fla. an area treated with the new spore killer yielded 44 per cent more tomatoes an acre than an area of the same size sprayed with another formulation. All of the manufacturing departments and the Chemical Dept, at Du Pont send likely chemical com pounds to Grasselli for screening. The chemical Is tried out, in varying concentrations, on -greenhouse plants infested with various fungus diseases. Another Grasselli group ;at Delaware's Minquadale experimental farm does the biological research on seed disinfectants. Their preliminary work includes study of seed pro tection in. greenhouse plots, unci fungus killing power against the various or specific organisms. Fungicide candidates for inhibiting mildew on textiles, coated fabrics, or paint must, hi addition to inhibiting mildew as completely and inexpensively as possible, be safe for the intended application. Fungus resistance of products is also studied. To take a normal case, suppose someone wanted to check the mildew resistance of a new fiber. Samples of the yam or cloth would be sent to the experimental labs of Gt/afticlli where, in sequence, they would be we), wild water couponing i.ho desired fungus spiirec incubated in a cousinnt- temperature room for perhaps two weeks, rated for prcHmcc or absence of growlh on ilii' sample, uid finally tested for such filings as loss nf si rengt h. ., in T tlfiv .\Kt*; ytfostn Few of tiie Pious,tntls of pn'spools pass all of lfu> leafing hurdles. Addif tonal ones ; re passed over when product ton costs are considered, and finally man;.semenI must feel a new prefliiel is enough hid ter than -existing ones to literit the further gamble in time and money required to bring it to market. Present work anti plans for future fungicide re search! at Du Pont are ambitious. Just being readied for full marketing is I&D seed protectant. It not only prevents attack on seeds such as corn and beans by seed-borne spores and by fungi in the soil, but also protects against such soil-borne Insects as the seed .corn maggot and wire worm. A universal seed fungicide Is still the ultimate research goal in this field. Work is progressing on improvements of present products, on fungicides to Ml harmful soil-borne organisms, and on fungus diseases outside the killing power! of present chemicals. On the industrial side, researchers are looking for ways to combine Du Pout's phenyl mercury oleate fungicide with a waterproofing agent,;and to find stronger and even better mildew inhibitors for paints, "The need for better fungicides has by!no means been fully satisfied," says Dr. Tisdale. "In. fact, this need will grow with continued progress In agriculture and industry. The status of living tilings, whether plant- or animal, is never static. With these constant changes, new problems arise. New strains of "fungi "and" new" "strains" and "varieties" of "crops "will "de-" velop which require special attention and treatment," Popular with i-usionti-rs, parkajfciI texliios urn I mi lie ling sales while rullinjf msls tor retailers. !No wonder paeka.gmo is . . . ``Old cona-ipts of the factor of `service.' which is the fradilion.i! store habit, can sap the black ink out of the lifestream of not profit, and may well be obsolete. 'Flu: acceptance of self-service and the supermarket by (fie public in a dear signal that all department stores had lietier re-evaluate theii ideas . . . and roll with the punch," says -Jack I. St runs, president of I*. II. Mae.y &, Co., I nr. In rolling with the punch, many matnnhet urers rtf merchandise sold through department si ores .ire re; 1~ i/.ing that Hie burden of selling is shifting from lhe sales clerk to the package. Some iiiiuiufi.eluret'K. like Nonnandin Bros. Cu, of 1 ,os Angeles, are fur ahead .if Uie field. Nonnandin Bros, have b*n packaging' their *'l tollywood Slimvernbos'' in Du Font cellophane since 19bH mid sales have been rising steadily. Textile manufacturers are finding, too. that pack aging keeps merchandise clean, and this protecl ion against, t1 usf, diii, and soilage helps rot luce one of the largest cos:, factors in store operations markdowns. A package that, provides protection and visibility of product, they are finding, lias great customer appeal. -vAMYATMA AN A1MHKIJ lil.KS.MV; Sanitation afforded by transparent packaging is another sales appeal, particularly in infants' wear. Mol hers do rot want baby clothing (.hat lias been handled. Sweaters, Inmiings. diapers arid blankets, neatly packaged, are as clean as when they left die manufacturer. The problem of losing Irakis or puns id' ensembles is also elimieaied. Bold the customer and sales clerk like the eonver ience and speed in shopping bn nigh I ulitmi by packag ing. The average customer doesn't ueen to open I, I to package: brand advertising and the excellent job dene in self-service supermarkets have given him confidence tliaf the eoiileiifs of the package will be uniform I a weight. size and cpiahiy. When informal ion on material, size and builder lag is prill led dearlv on the package, (he customer reaos the in forma, (ion without a sales (aik IV*nn i It;* clerk. If I he brand name is not, known, the package helps establish it. in (lie customer's maid. Ill buying (extiles, Hu* feel of material iti shills, pajamas and socks is Important to many purrhaser,-. .so shops can offer seif-select.ion IVimi unwrapped sam ples of the garments on display. The customer chooses what lie wants from die counter, then (lie salesman picks tip the packaged garment in the proper size and design, and t he sale is completed l.hi Bunt polyol by lime film is proving h seif to he the; I lost, packaging maieria: :fnr large. bulky items. Manufacturers are finding Du Bonl cellophane ideal for packaging lighter lex file items wild fast turnover. Whether it's gardening gloves, diapers, or high fa.dnon lingerie, sales have proved a I ranspurertt package wilt win an approving nod from the customer...a tied, (bat quickly says "I'll lake (his," More peroxide from less power #ln i'ouf'x neir tt'in-eh'vlrolytic pnn'fsft for hytlrogett peruxulr imitiiifuclut f' is tinn'itf'ii i`i Dixw )lv IIOWAUD S. KAUNI'.rt MKiVli'l! IS. TK.NM. line 'nt>imini; sever'a' weeks a go a reiii'oad lank e;t:' Ix-ariiiK tin; ! Jo .lent mad rolled ui of ties Mississippi Hivcr rit.y, bound !isr a iexbfe oleiKhery in (Inflict, ( la. Aali picked along on (In* 70-hour journey lotirifItii. ihe car was cjiai <ing up l.vos sbuflicam. limfs; |... it:cl lie he! hydrogels peroxide over tnartuI'tu I me*i ir Ihrt Hi.'iif ii ;md 11 ie first. s|*ij h i-uui-of peroxide irnm a new plant. fmiJ. by I)o I'otiifs If focfrod'HiittiVais Dept, near fvlempl.iix, In tin: past Use I '<>ji|Knjy i ;nlitjrprecl the rheinieaj from plants in Niagara Falk ami Dresden, N, Ah to Southern mills, where peroxide is used in about 85 per cent of nil cotton goods bleaching. Now, the com ply ( bn of inis new plant in (.lie Midd-DuOi lops a week or more off the belt very tin it; io customers in the 1 <xI tie belt east of lucre. If means also that pulp mills and hi la dt urn factories in the area will gel. quicker ddivety mi peroxide fur bleaching, A uniform, pemiaoe ii; bleach for textiles raid wood products, Du ihnf. "A!btme" hydrogen peroxine is also used in bleaching oils, fats ami waxes, as a blowing agent for sponge rubber, and for flic trynthesis of many organic: mirl inorganic, compounds, High pur ity syntheses are possible since the only by-products from a hydrogen peroxide reaction are wafer and oxygen. "Alhnne" is sold commercially in 35 per coin; and 50 per cent concentrations. 'The industrial South might still lack a peroxide plant if`It won? not for a new' non-electrolyt.Ic manufac turing process, resulting from more than eight years of research in Du ['mil's Niagara Falls laboratories. The Company's northern peroxide plants require la rge amounts of electrie power to electrolyze sulfuric acid for hydrogen peroxide production. The Memphis plant employs a catalytic process starting with readily avail able raw materials. The new method ends the heavy dept!idenee on electric power, and it may also prove to be more economical. The manufacture of "Alhone" at. Memphis fol lows by about nine months the launching of sodium cyanide production at the same location. Sodium cyanide, like hydrogen peroxide a basic chemical used widely in industry, is also a raw material in making one of I lie in termedlaics for nylon. Du Poufs new' multi-million dollar plant rises skeleton-like on a 225-ncrc former plantation about ten miles north of the Memphis business district. It's of the modern, open-air type, and most of the equipment is operated from controls located in small concrete block buildings. Splashes of color idea iffy the pipe lines dial, circulate fi variety of liquids and gases, the plant's lifeblood. Three thousand gallon* of water a iitimiie are pumped from deep wells into the plant. A like amount of liquid Ik discharged inio the Loosahaldiie River, :t Mississippi tributary. As with all new Do Font build ing projects, adequate treatment Jacililk. for wastes were an absolute must.. A half-mill ion dollars was spent on three huge retention basins and associated chemical Ctmipment for rendering Uio waste innocuous before discharge into the river. While the plant was still in the planning stage, a team of six scienlisi-s was hired by the Company to make a I .lit trough biological survey of the boosahritehie River. The survey provides a standard against which plant personnel can chock their findings in periodic inspections of I lie stnsiin. In MVfiitlirtj? polio!ion the (`ompany is practicing a good neighbor policy typical of progressive industry. But not every strain on mush burliness am be foreseen. After the plan I, began operation, we were telil, the scream of air from discharge valves brought, umiplainlH from householders as far as a mile away. The plant insfalled .silencers on the valves, and now flie Tennessee countryside is peaceful mice more. The Du Pc-nt ('ompatiy m no newcomer to this busy capita] of the Mid-South.. which boasts a papula lion of 430,011(1, more than 800 manufacturing plants Aluminum drums are filled with "Alliom*". after Iks! lie. . of any other Southern -city. The Company built and operated a smokeless powder and TNT plant here for the British during World War II, Later the U, S. Government- took it over, naming it the Chickasaw Ordnance Works, Du Pont operated the plant until it was dosed in 1945. . Tom' D, Bell, manager of the new plant, says relations with .the Memphis-community are "the best I've ever seen anywhere." Charlie .Pope, the personnel supervisor, adds "we've got as good a working force as you'll find-in the country. They're young, hard workers: everyone-wants to be a vice president,, and 1-liai.fo the wav we like if.'* . i Clifford Penisnd, executive vice president of the Memphis Chamber of 'Commerm, says the business community is "proud" to have Du Pont in town, A reporter for The Commercial Appeal uses the same word in describing the cf ' ' " ~ decision to build here. $5,000,000 in wages, was paid out to construction workers. Wages and salaries* cm the plant totaled more than a million dollars duringg the first half of this year. more than a quarter of a million dollars on purchases from Memphis business firms. An economic boost for Memphis, a new and im,H nearby source of supply for one of Southern Industry's essential chemicals--all these stein from Du Font's decision to build in Memphis, a decision made possible process for peroxide. V1 A rnmfs best friend in iheoflici* besides his secretary, of course-...is a swivel diair lhal will Lake his leaning, feet propping. turning and spinning without complain!. Tut finally its heart. Hie swivel mechanism, gives out and the chair is sent to the shop or salvage, and the man is never the same again. At least tl) is used to lie (he story. Now I he Hi urgis Posture Chair Co. of Sturgis. Mich, has wriil.cn a new (aiding l.o the saga of the chair, and even the constant swiveler can rest assured the meehatiisia I hat keeps him turning will actually last, lunger than the chair. The new story goes like this. Engiiieeis at. Si urgis knew the only trouble spot u their steel chairs was the thrust hearing in the swivel mechauistr.. Bn they set out to test every available material to see if they could find one that resisted abrasion yet was. resilient arid quid in opera! inn. I dir each group of rests they loaded a eh air with 2--1H pounds of subsl flute human being, darted it turning mid kepi, frequent cheeks on the performance of the bearing. Results? The ordinary hard metal thrust washer wore not rapidly and was discarded. An oil impreg nated. powdered molal alloy bearing lasted shout MM I,(MW cycles in the heavily loaded chans 'Then they tried a heai big of molded JJn Pont nylon. After 1 .fShO.OOO cycles (.Ik ; bearing was still almost perfect; it showed only .004 inch loss by wear. II never squeaked, chipped or cracked . . . and all this without lubrication. "The interesting pari.." says 4.1Mann, president nf Hi urgis, "is that (.lie engjneer, in testing the chair wore out the hearing!-: in the I c-sting machine. When we found that the wearing qualil ins of nylon wen* .superior l.o any tiling else we tested, we not only pill- nylon bearings on all our ollice chairs. 1 ml in the lusting machine as well." .[equally ns satisfactory has been (lie expel ieneo of flic Weal her Cheek Window Cm of (ktnvnod. N. )., makers of combination sform windows and screens. Bach of (heir triple (.rack windows requires If- runners, and therein lay (heir troubles. Thecmivmiiiona?spring, dips were not compatible with I he ex I ruder! aluminum window fra i lie. I Ion fact will) the softer aluminum caused galling. Besides, I ho runners were serai diy and noisy. Weal her Check engineers wan ted la iiitd a more suikible material a id decided to try' runner.- <>f molded I )ti I `onI; nylon. They rigged up a window i.u an olecIr.e motor which opened and dosed the window MO limes n minute. After ibe window had traveled up and down more* Ilian a million I hues, the engineers pul up (.heir record hooks. Rased on an average of opening and closing a window once a day, the runners of I )u Tom nylon would Iasi: 2,700 yearn. 'Tests proved the nylon runners not only had excellent resistance to wear hill, also wcv economical and showed no galling or bind mg, no tloier.or.-tpun from weather, no need lor lulnre.uinn mid pm-vined quiet, effortless operation. 'Tests complohui, I ho Weather Clices Co, promptly changed to nylon.. They caul. wear onl f tie slnff1 t Big catch for Nova Scotia tn tm-ihrxfHH repmi ml IPit ttyUrn far emnmereiulJinking in (`.fftuifta s Maritime t^itii inriKs hv JAY LI. MABKEY I, U M K N Hi lilt 1 it) V A SCOTIA Ilia w<?rc nmnm" si rungci' ; ,s the hymcnne swung toward .Brown V; I Sank, anil the till i n:.r licet, 'hmniren and l.flast'il. ,-\Ih ,;io 1 , he vessel of J hlimu' runes and Charles Nickerson. iiicii worked furiously to nidi at l.lioir l raw l I me --a rjusirliw-iin.il fishing line with short, smaller sizeiI con s)cct.i"ijj lines railed >>;i:*j.'.i[tj;s in whirl) the hatted hoots vVort: lied. .Somehow it h,ad i'outetl or- the huttimi :ihf> Indiums down, nnif minutes of Mil Me had dragged on ink* hours, Then, with the-barometer dropping as fast an the storm was rising, the fishermen cut the nylon Line and raced I" irNovii Scotia,The time was early Septemberof1962, Jones and Nickerson returned to the waters o Of Brown's Bank' again tins year to llah for cod, haddock anti halibut. Three months ago, they caught something else as well.The lisliermen snagged the line they had cut free the year I ci on and pulled it in. The smaller hemp ganging lines l uni ro I tad away, but the nylon trawl line was apparently urmflf-ctecl by the months in ..salt, water. It .was .promptly refitted with gangmgs and hooks and put back into service, Morrel Rogerson of Port LaTour, known up and down the coast as the exuberant "Bubbles," is a pioneer among Canadian long-liner captains using deep-water nylon trawl lines, "Soon after we got our first nylon line from F, C, Robbins Import of Yarmouth, we found how tough it really was," he said, "It user! to be when we got $3,000 worth of fish hooked, we got indigestion babying a line that might break under the strain any minute. So we had to. pull it in slowly, slacking whenever we rose on a swell. With nylon, it's different. We learned it's strong enough to stand the strain, bo we just winch it in. "THAT NYLON SPIT WATER AT US" "One day this year," Bubbles continued, "we had a good 2,000 pounds of halibut on our quarter-inch trawl, and then the lower end wrapped around something on the bottom. We gunned our 160 horsepower diesel up to 1,000 revs and yanked that line right out of there. Bent our ineh-and-a-half iron dummy roller six inches--the line goes over it when being hauled into the boat--but all that Du Pont nylon did was spit water at us. We've used that line a full year now, and it fishes as good aa new." Despite the relative newness of nylon lino and nets in Canada's Maritime Provinces, such reports are already well known. When glowing accounts of nylon's acceptance first reached us, we felt a personal check-up was warranted. With officials of Brownell and Co., Moodus, Conn.--a firm that twists fishing twine and lines from Da Pont nylon fiber and supplies them to Canadian importers--this writer attended the Nova Scotia .Fisheries Exhibition in Lunen burg to question the fishermen on what they had found out about nylon. The stories of the long-liners am backed up by Nova Scotia's lobatermen. They, too, told us that twine and rope of nylon keep their great strength far longer than natural fibers, are more resistant to abrasion and shock than any fiber on the market, and absorb little water, thus staying lighter than other types. Historically, fishermen have al ways had to dry their nets and'lines before they could be stored. The alternative was rot, mildew, or marine degra dation. Nylon ropes, lines and netting, however, need no drying, and can be stored as wet as when pulled from the water. The experiences of Dewey Nickerson of Clark's Har bor are typical of those who have used nylon for the netlike heads of lobster traps, He says: "As long as four or five years ago, I knitted nylon twine heads for some of my traps, I figure I'm doing real good to get two years out of heads made from natural fiber before they rot. Counting out the traps that storms steal from me each lobster season, I still have some with nylon twine heads that have been used for three years, The traps are-worn out, but I'll put the nylon heads into now traps and use them all over again. This spring I plan to set 600 lobster traps off Sea Island, and they'll all have nylon In both the inner' and outer heads." Officials of the Canadian Department of Fisheries attending the exhibition could not, of course, endorse any product, or allow themselves to be quoted because of their official positions. But informal comments of some of these officials about nylon twine for lobster traps could be summed up like this; "Give us good -markets for lobsters, particularly in the States, and our lobstormen will likely realize that the higher initial price for nylon header twine is a smart investment. Because of its strength, a smaller cord can be used and more heads made from a pound of nylon yam. The longer life of nylon can be a real time and work saver because nylon heads need less replacement." Concerning the use of nylon trawl lines by the rugged long-liners: "If the economies of the world, fish market are right, the majority of our fishermen will probably switch to nylon for heavy fishing within the next two or three years. It would seem the logical thing to expect." Canada's It'tljslernrieii iold tia nylon twine head often outlasted rest of Jolirfer trap. \ <IY<*tirhm*r and a lianl-ht-rnttyltin* >fI: r in a dripping jacks-! are j>;nt ol iIn : saya til , . . liy II. ,J \V!)-H)ta.lKK. .IK. As we roeortslrud me scene, liiwre wr.s ; handful of die-hard golfers on toe India fh.ti drenched and soggy af'leinouii Iasi, spring---aini one guy who had tot In: HliOWIi, This fellow was wearing a new suede leather Jacket In the pouring rain. Ii, looked like a dumb tl < ii;i to do, in it ii: turned out, biter that he Ik sort of It in Item of Hie piece in spike el' ii. 11 nv. was anyone to know inure was more here ihat) mei the eye? Well they holed mil on the jfttii, and slopped iitin (.lie < liiblm ise ntal jieeleii dawn Everyone was soaked io tlio akin except Uiu fellow in (.ha suede jacket, who was dry as a duck imcierieaih the jacket. Hi'fore join mg tin,,- others In the shower room, lie bio Hod the wet coat with a handful ok paper towels as 1 inn it;! s if wore pi,it i'ltum mini;. Soon il was clear 1 lull, Mimed: mt; was happening in 1 lies locker room l fiat, had nothing to do with par or birdies. In a mat tor of pu'mnes the jacket, which nor really would have been a soaked, heavy mens of leather you'd feci like? 1 hrowing back over the iVnice to die sheep, was drying as you watched. Actually, only die surface had been wot. The leather was sfili soft and pliable and I i it- on lor was coming back....no streaks. r.ii> dark patches, hi: was a nd tl: was tv L a miracle, depending on how you look id, it. Sure, the total el'leel, giving suede lasttit},; viilCir-siicddiri!! propterties, is a miracle. Jhif it, is a eatculaierl in backs and i,he goiibi: in tire suede jacket knew what to expect. The chemical ilink brought, it, off, a Du rout water repedenl called "Quilon" stonmio chromic chinride, is (iiiiie some: hi up; ilself, her it is a wafer soluble water repel Ion I, It has lln: adnlitonal properly of piTiiianency: that is. il won't wash or dry-clean out. Wlii'ii you line ibest,- ducks in a row yon have the answer to many of tor; d retut is of the textile, paper, fell a ltd leather industries. The gen!k-ntnii wan ignored his own IsenHb or !he links ih.tl rainy day bail March now sits at Ids desk In Wilmington happily soaking suede swatches, sonic traded wild "1 juittnW and others not, to show !. 1 it* adv.-meed si ah: at which suede sheepskin has fi nally arrived after all these years. IBM i Jt l b . > i B: i\ 5. j.- ,I j : i: Early tests were ri:m al; I he old Innnery linn of John Ply on and Sons, of Salem, Mass., and this new iippl tcjiiuiii of "Quikm"' now lias been called lo I lie afienlkm nf the suede leather industry in general. There appear to be few, if any, processing problem:-: with Hie chemical. A wafer solution of the greenish blue liquid is applied hi the dye processing step in place of (he fat liquors norm:illy used, Du Pont men working in the lannery at Salem explained the read ion uf "Quilon" will: leather. The chromium part of the "Quilon" molecule anchors firmly lo the surface of the leather fibrils, while the stearate group acts as a water repellent and fiber lubricant.. The treatment also scorns lo improve I he fast ness of dyes to dry dean mg. which is imporiant to tire gfirmtaii indush v. Dry denning of suede garments has long been consk lerotl a ticklish nr I, an d fo w de; liere would nmlerl ake it, .But now garmenls treated with "Quilon'" can be rlrv-deaned by standard methods wiilimi! los ing' color ur soli i:ess. In addition, treatment, with ``Quilon" gives suede stain resist: it too, fluis reuucing the soiling problem. It UN 'ITS!' KASILY Du I'oiil, technician:- have given leather swiiteht-a l.reated with "{-Jnilon" rough Ireatineri under st.iudfirdtzcd rain tests, lo these, a needle spray under heavy pressure 1)1,a sis al. I ha swatch while oilier insl ru men Is compute die time it. lakes wafer t.o soak through. Untreated swatches, and those treated with eonvetitional wax-tv pc rope dents, have stood i,he jialf for varying periods up i.o .`JO seconds. Bwnfehes I rented with "Quilon" lasted a niiniimmi of 00 mimr-e,-',, i>ci Font, chemists fuel, ami* iij .i*ii the waterrepellent properties of "Quilon" in the course of re search with paper finishes kid at the sl.rui of World War II, It warn'I until .l!t-lt, however. LhnL if. was niado available to industry. By HMO the papier indus try was using it it! quantity l make water-resist;inf; and nonsticky paper for meat, wrapping, ice cube bags, outdoor signs, and even for use in i lie building trades. About half <>f f.he fur fell bats made in the country today are treated with '`Quilon" fur wafer repellem.-v. Leading hat makers have established for themselves thai a treated fiat picks up a relatively small percent age of water, even in a downpour. Elsewhere in I he apparel field. Uni chemical also isexciling interest. There is even lalk of using 1 >u Ponds new wafer repellent on the uppers, and in some oases the soles, of heavy-duty Army shoes, golf shoes, hunt ing boots and similar outdoor f<>i,wear. As you see. "'Qnilon" is gelling set lo cover the subject from (op I.o tee. HH S^; ." . >.'': :L:;*. .'.Vi One cnlhusiHslie |trinter rails llio new Du Ponl. Strrceu 1`rec`ess I'iltii * * Hy ,1. COWAN I lave yi.ii.i over wondered how giant hi I board posters are printed or I low colorful designs are applied directly <n: glass bottles; Often thov are sU-neik-cl by screen printing, tile; most versnuleof 1.1 iereproduction processes. Soon, will; the a id of a revokii ionary new product, Du Pont Hereon Process Film, you'll see mare of this colorful lettering am.) mi. on object, of all shapes mid sizes. Hcram process printing is a highly refined version of file stencil method used to label shipping earl oils. J'aillts o.- inks are squeegeed through titty openings in a si.onril imi.u l.ilt: object i.o lx: printed. In addition io hoi ties and billboard.'-, screen process printing is used on colorful show cards and textiles, inctallic objects such as airplane wings and track bodies, and almost any oilier surface on \vh c!i you may want to imprint, it message. In I he past, screen process priming' lias often been slewed hy the intermediate stops in making a finished stencil from art work. Now, i)u Pont Screen Process Film, using ;i pholograplik: lorhnique, dramatically reduces i lie ih i ruber of stops .required and makes screen prini in;.? more versatile than ever. Here's how it works. Say you have an idea for a (llirisi.inas card and a friend who is artistic enough i.o draw it. for yon. Your local screen printing shop can reproduce it. in any and all of file colors you wish, oil whatever paper you .select, or even on cloth those paint cd neckties you've  very Ik ely acreen printed. Your drawing h outdoor posters. Stencils the same size as a transpar or reduced, by the camera, to the desired size.. The. exposed -film la developed in n darkroom for about three minutes. Then the film is sprayed with hot water, and a fascinating change takes place. The gelatin areas of the developing chemicals. They adhere to the vinyl bine, while the unexposed areas, stall soft, are washed away. 1*111ITOC It A PH 1C 111 AC IS GOES ON SCREEN The sheet of film is then pressed into contact, with a piece of fine silk or metal mesh stretched, tight over a wjvrvHinJ!>ftlta*n1* Ij,Vt <a3.m41 iVa i 'WTVfhlJaCrfil the film is dry the vinyl base isstripped off, leaving a thin but durable gelatin etendl on One of the-biggest at!vantages in the eyes-of many screen process printers is that, unlike conventional ma terials, Screen Process Film can be exposed and developed, then held-for application to the screen, at a later date. Or it elsewhere. This is a new departure, since in the past the screen itself, stretched taut on a bulky frame, had to be wrapped and shipped. Older materials require refrigerated storage, but this film can bo stored and handled like any photographic materials, too, and needn't be handled with kid gloves. and the ink. is forced through the stencils onto the paper by a rubber squeegee. Result; a beautiful card. Any number of stencils can: be printed on the same card to produce different colors in different areas, and the stencils are good for many -thousands of. impressions. Tills procedure we've just described is representative of screen process printing using the new Du Pont film-in a camera, Instead, of the camera, however, a projector may be used to maker enlarged stencils directly on Screen Process Film. .Till*. ..is ...the. .usual ...practice, ...for...example,.in- making .large... Association convention, Du Pout's film is already seeing service in printing billboards, aerosol containers, glass bottles and jugs. Cl and exhibits. The film Is expected to expand even farther the horizons of an already fast-growing industry. Look at that cheese glass again. Does it suggest a use for a label that won't peel off? Is the need for a sign un affected by rain and wind? An artistic pattern on doth or pottery*? Your screen process printer is the man to see. For technical data on processing the film, write this Magazine for. a ..descrip lave. brochure, :.....................................................  A NEW $3,000,000 MINE and plant to produce ilmenite, the raw material for titanium metal and : titanium pigments, will be constructed for the Company near Lawtey, Fla, Mining will be done by a dredge floating on a "traveling lake" dug in the ilmenite-sand deposit. Operations are scheduled to begin early in 1955. ' i"[ >\ ;< ; \ 'V:, ; j .. , ;;;!I A GIFT IDEA for friends who have an heirloom watch is this "Treasure Dome" molded of Du Pont "Lucite" acrylic resin. Crystal-clear "Lueite" is shatterresistant and easy to keep clean. Made by the Carol Beatty Co,, 635 S. ifenroore Ave.. Los Angeles 5, Calif. to Du Pont specifications, was recently put in service at Grasselli, N, J, Its three glass-lined tanks hold 1,500 gallons, as much as carboys pled at left, and deliver adds that are of C, P, reagent grade. One large user estimates bulk delivery will save Mm as much as 115,000 a year. . A MOSQUITO-KILLING. CHEMICAL now gives hope to areas where this disease carrier has become resistant to DDT and other insecticides. One ounce of the chemical, EPN-300 insecticide, will kill al the larvae in an acre of water-covered area. As a powerful new weapon against mosquitoes, it can be used only in diluted form against the wigglers and only by tech nicians trained in safe application of toxic materials. ALL-NYLON BID SHEETS, made by Peppcrell Mfg, Co., are now on the market. The new sheets come In twin-bed and double-bed sizes and set a new standard for easy care, durability and long wear. TWO NEW TECHNICAL BOOKLETS on hydrogen peroxide are available. " `Albone' Hydrogen Peroxide" describes properties, uses and applications of the proeluct for the production manager or technical director. "Epoxidation and Hydroxylation with Organic Paracids" is a guide for evaluating reactions of this type. For copies, write Electrocliemicals Dept., N-11507-HP, Du Pont Company, Wilmington 98, Del. # For additional information on products or services mentioned in this Magazine, wile to James H, McCormick, Editor, l)n Ponl Magazine, Wilmington 98, Delaware, PHOTO CREDITS: Pag* S3: Courtesy Champion Paper and Fibre Co-rPage 26: .Courtesy..TIse..fbTor, Reading.Co. {.Page ..2S, top; Courtesy Clirynier Corp.j Flips 30, top: Courtesy Byron Jackson Co.; Page, 32, 33 and 34, lop: Courtesy Food Muclilnery and'Ctamical Carp.; Page 35: 'Courtesy Thtt 'Jutaatiea'n'Pmttumetl ......................................................... 17 lei k-- in;irU* mon'ior.'.l >le ui Ismur In hnlli r.ivcr and rc-eri ver. hi (heir infinilo variety ran lie foil nil Iiiiux In mnlrh (he iniemits 'Hid needs of everyone mi yuiir i In iv| ih is ;-' list. and the ill tu. ss of ;i s;ii'i. is hall' il s. charm. ! ami) honk:: are f imeless eoiripaniiiji.-i, Ion, f.;row ill" in v;i!tfe with ilk- years. I lie Vi till is tea" IV: sieved 1'iei'O. nliiu;; Willi others al, your iwiokrl.oir-.. should, lie examined v ii.li your Christmas list in iimin. To eomptemeiil. i.heir inner <1 a,-ilit>, ondi hook is humid in i.iij.hi f Hi Font, 'T'alnikoid" pyroxy iiii-i onH.xt l.iooU.indiijif malcria:or'I'X" pyrnxy Iin-in|u*.1tod nook doth for huiulsoiiieiiesM ami dunihility. IKH.t I!! Midi. I * i I "t i! 11 Ihlil ion. Ox lord University i 'less. Ss. V\'h,i( nioii- lifi.iu" C'arisl mas gii'l for the v o ih il ; lh.ni ihis Kiin; Times Bible with explanatory nines j; travel. This is the story of the federal governmeat's role in surveying and improving Western wagon roads in the years after the Mexican War. A segment ofnational history minutely explored. ' SOL Ml?US, INDIANS * SILVER, by Philip Wayne Powoll. University of California Press, iR-l.dQ, The evolu tion of Spain's colonial policy in North America. Touched off by a Mexican silver rush in 1546, a Moody Indian war especially adapted lor young < -firih I iuris? (loiitaim In color plates showing the Jlolv Lund, .Solomon'.s Temple, elf. Bound in "I'nlirilutifT and gold stamped. 11ialorv A \llRRoli iriiR ADEItlfWS: Lee nr.it Via miens in the United Stale.-; 1790-1870. ;ts Recorded 1 >y Ameriean Trawlciy.: compiled and edited by Warren 8, Tryon.Tliree volumes. t.hr-vcrsily ol ( hicago 1'rtw:;, $H,at> set. The ywiiy notion :is seen by Its I raveling citizen.;. Fn.-.eiiiotmg first hand glimpses of daily lift often missing in more formal histories. ft ACO\ KOMIS WEST, [iy W. Tnnentiitc .Jackson. University of C'.ilil'ornln Press, >r>, The covered wagon, symbol of westward movement, needed trails cn which te Science FOOD FOR LIFE, edited by Ralph W. Gerard. Uni versity of Chicago Press, $4.75. Authorities on nutrition and metabolism pooled their efforts to produce this under standable account of what you eat and why, intended as background to help you interpret the welter of information available today on such matters as diets and vitamins. LIFE OF THE PAST, by George Gaylord Simpson. Yale University Press, 14, An eminent paleontologist ex plains his science for the general reader. Paleontology, the science of reading the record of life,' has made rapid progress in recent years. The author tells how fossils have increased our understanding of life and its evolution. Reference THE COLUMBIA-VIK1NG DISK. ENCYCLOPEDIA. Viking Press, thumb-indexed, in gift box, $12.50, Up-todate covers go`of science, the arts, and world affairs. Ideal for home, office and school. Deluxe edition covered with "Fabrikoid". THORNDIKE HARNUAIIT COMPREHENSIVE DISK DICTIONARY. Doubleday; flexible "Fabrikoid" cover thumb-indexed, $3.95. More than 80,000 entries, 700 illus trations, notes on correct usage. ' ' HAMMOND'S NATLIRE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICA, Classics Edition, C. S. Hammond & Go., $25. Colorful (320 paintings, 104 maps) guide to the animal, vegetable and mineral kingdoms of the U, S. ... And Others HERMAN MELVILLE, by Leon Howard. University of California Press, $5. Biography of that "lively, unconven tional man," the author of Moby Dick. A re-creation of the writer and Ms times, ' AFTER THE HUNT, by Alfred Frankenstein, Univer sity of California Press,.. 10, .An art. critic's sleuthing uncovers the story of William Hamel 1. and other American 8i.i l life {.utmiers of (ho period 1870- ISHfO. Well illustrated, with colored iVoiil is) iii-<;e ol title painting. IMM Ol l?T lit? EKANr.E: An Epicurean Tour ol the Prer.ca I 'reviews, :iy Humuel ('hnmhorlain. C lout mei, $10. Corr.llined guidebook, restaur; nt, directory and cookbook 1 ,-y a gourmet. lteii|ic-; range from Fkrurgol s Mrisen, no served ir (he town of Pont-fled Jure, to Poole an Pot Henri IV', njxvialt.y of a Purls restaurant, Mouthwatering. iii-:t t i?i i h o ik s a n d l a it me n s n e w c o o k b o o k mu! ilAXIh II VYS BOOK. S3,rif> each. Practical aiirl wctjnu: grits lor she new ywetls on your lint, or the older friends who somehow overlooked these volumes. IVl'KItNATiOXAI. I'OSTu:!-. ST\HI* U ill Al, Part I. Peott. PuhlicmJoos. $10. For l.lic collector. Co vers IS-1010**10, has inure than ! ,200 pages. I.o o h c leal. with cover ol Clark blue '`Paritikoid". .19 ,, . spell 4tni t ii the snoill-hoie rifle eiunpetiior ivhr thin non* mtfteh am id it it it inn it: the hottest rifle lines of the year 111'If.iUY D.'.YIS I he .small-bore1 ffit- >4looting compel iior }s,muies a goal d:ai tn;i\ iii'Vi*i! be reached. i is- Wants an nmrntmii Art dsnl. will lailil ;i|l of hi.- 1 ui 11< i; in the si me hole in a uirgeL A large order, bui. flic sporting aHir.tiiui.ii>ii indu'd rv is nevertheless wots; me toward that and. ii is I his exacting ideal ihai lends greal i-n,>nifiranee (a i he recent nnnmmeernen!. hy Remington Anns ('<>.. 13 u*. of its new Remington Vial ell ;tti(l Friers Mafch ammimiiioii Co the rifle: shooting fra ternity. In a sustained firing Leaf with I hose eartrirlges, Remington technicians scored 1,000 consecutive X's-- !ii(, (lie bull's eye wilhin a bull's evu 1,000 times in a row! Bitch .sensational accuracy was mihe,-ird of, and :ii: was by no means accomplished overnight. The new .match 22s climax one of (lie most, elaborate develop ment operaiions in recent, ammunition history. in.MKit a m) mh iu t im; < o^ipirn roi! ms-vhinci<: The regular 2" caliber long rifle ammunition lias been famous for high accuracy for a long time, and is altogether satisfactory for the hunter. It is a mass production item that is clicked off 11ic loading ma chines at Reminglcm Amis' Bidgoporl. I'oivii. pianf nf flic rate of several millions of finished cartridges a day. Yet, ttllhouga each is a precision in.sl.ri niciil. tin: standard cartridge doesn't meet the standards of Hie serious-minded small-bore compel i lor. He has his heart and eye--glued on i he finv while-rimmed "X ring" of I he l.firgel. This is the gauge: by which winners in ride snooting nmldies are usually determined, for il is no departure from the usual for two or more shooters in n 22 caliber match to end up with period, scores of 400 oof of o possible 400. Even if shcoi -offs were prac tical there would lie no need to use Ibis method in Bottling Hie issue, for t he excellence of the individual's marksmanship is reflected :n the number of X's.. I he number nf I mile Is landing inside die X ring-- dial, appear in his score. The 400 shoo ter with the greatest number of XT wins (he match. IiriTiNi; A gr.<:i-;?vr l*lI4< ! ; 100 y a u p s a w a y 'I'hero are seven rings on the olfieia! National Rifle Association 100-yard small-bore rifle target, decreasing In size as they increase in value. The live, six ami seven rings, cadi counting for a corresponding mimher of pin infs, are in the while portion of (.lie (.urge!. The black bun's eye contains liiur rings, the eight, nine, ten arid X rings. The ten ring is lwo inches in diam eter, and llic X ring is only half as large. Picture shouting al a 25-cent piece 100 yards away, and you'll have- sr>iiif idea of the accuracy that must he huih into bullets iliiif will hit such a t,- rget with depend able consistency. And 5111 also give you some idea of why more than five years of experimental work went into just, the bullet design of the new Remington and Peters Match ammunii inti. Tins design is a radical depart tire from the txmveuf.tonal. The shouldered -profile was chosen only niter it had. proved its ability to give maximum accuracy- The he I let iits llte rifling per fectly arid delivers a uniform center of impact over a long series; of ahols. 70 y,l,tYd TifSTIfP VIore than 70 different uikns were tested ihormiglily before flic final bullet coin position was chosen, Tidh alloy gives die bullet exrepI Iona I wind stahiiily and hence provides greater accuracy. At, the same time, (.he material reduces leading in tlx* rille barrel. Tlie carl ridge case also urdorwent contpletc: tins top ing. from head l.u mini lit. While, in i lie natural course lit development,, ears new Meiuiiiglon produci is ptd. through flu: wringer in every practical manner, new and unusually exuding tests wen* devised for t.ticsiearfrldges, and (lie Itighesi .-.land:' r.ls .*f perform; rtux: were met.. .If ir. cortscrv:.lively- estimated lliai tnc-tv !l an tutlf a million cartridges wow.* Lest fired before Remington's Research .mil Development Dept. was willing to place its stamp of approval on the new jit-mliiel.. Small-bore rillc* shunters all ever I he country hove acclaimed Luc new carl,ridge us a great step toward Hie ul i, in tale in precision tiring. Such approval from what, b probably I,lie hardosi-M>-}>(.sc segment of flu* shoot ing sport is gmtifying eiitfutragemctit In iterainglort Arms' continuing research and tleve <ip-iieni program. `21 Service with a smile firings 'em baek again. Why do you buy like you do? Extensive Hu. Pont survey mweah tviml .got** mi In My MARY 3fc]LU?jN liVANS mind* when- limy buy gasoline bvrwi sii'ia mi oyora crp A 1 wll. - Cm C o.J.1. i V E5J..dp,XTLlI ?i r*linr<fbPMa o f # t o u Vp JLvitlAl-*. V-lAiS.J-i.L-CB cUL t< J till Vv A tutl results-of many surveys lately, or even been interviewed on any subject from sex to cigarettes. And as interesting as the findings may be as conversation pieces, each survey was made to get objective and.useful information on the sub ject at. hand. Take tbs. recent. survey - .being. completed by.. the Du Pont; Petroleum Chemicals Division. Called' "Tlie Serv ice Station line! the Motorist,** it is n study of the national buying habits of motorists.at service stations. The survey was conducted as a company service to am tetraethyl lead customer, the petroleum industry, which provides you, the- motorist, with the-services and products you need. Trained interviewers talked with 3,100 car owners at IIkiyifi,rwilnUa. 'TJL'l4i4iUflifei lAiArWttUiQBitslAKAUnAlrUl t&aIl'Ui irUltr ijUiFt-AfJi'\E?TiiHUlHr~jB3- o u tSiJnc AeB#Lj -ifUt-wl mUlfLvijaSQBiUiFlilTAnttrf- what'people say they do and why they do and think certain things when buying gasolines. Observers then made son*. 24,000 observations at 1,193 service stations--to see what motorists actually do when buying gasoline. Here are some f.3 jvil.twa jrihiprf jd.I.OiirI.l..i1T.1.r11iua Ur%ff fvlAuA^a3 I1I1I1jijhopir. vViiCwWprfilos . I4.ttJvk/WW k/friif* buying- habits stack up with the -national average. Q. WImii you buy. gasoliiie around home, do you. usually "yea," Almost nine out of ten motorists have been going to their favorite station for more than a -year; almost half for more 'than five years. And four out of five buy all or nearly ail their gasoline there. ...........Two- "Out""of-every..three "-purchasers - of""gasoline- -said... -Train erl- In letviewere-asked -buying- preferences. Q- How did you happen to start going to this station? . "It's located conveniently," said 4 out of 10 drivers. This usually meant within two miles of home. Next most frequent answer was that they knew the dealer and felt friendly toward him, . Q- Why do you usually buy at that particular station? Motorists continue to stop at their favorite station., they say, because they like the service. Close behind this answer are "convenient location," "like the dealer," and "brand of gasoline." Tire higher the income of the driver, the more he stresses service. Q. When on a trip, what things do you consider in deciding where to stop and buy gasoline? Travelers said they look first for clean stations and then for particular brands of gasoline. Station appearance proved to be of more importance to women than it is to men. Brand was next in importance for both, Q. If your station changed and sold a different company's gasoline, would you continue to go to the game station? One half of those asked said they would remain loyal to the station even though the brand were changed. They said they would stick with the station because of service, dealer friendship and convenience. Those who said they would change stations if the brand were changed would leave because they are loyal to brand. Even among those who do not buy all their-gasoline at one station, 87 per cent are loyal to one brand. Most motorists, the survey shows, have a preferred brand. Two out of'three say they buy one brand exclu sively. In other words, at the station, gasoline is bought, not Bold, It is brand acceptance'that is sold, before they drive in. And selection of brand is based on belief in quality. Gasoline grade names are seldom recalled; it is the sign identifying the station that is remembered. Q. What grade of gasoline do you usually buy? Premium grade is preferred in the West; regular leads in the Central States and in the U. S. as a whole. Those who buy regular say price is the largest considera tion. A dealoria best prospect for sale of premium is to Cleanliness is stopper for travelers. motorists with higher incomes and with newer or higher priced automobiles, Consumers show good knowledge of current gasoline prices. Few recalled price ware; fewer changed their buying habits because of price cutting. Nationally, 12 per cant of motorists bold credit cards; 30 per cent in the West, Credit card use increases rapidly with income; in most cases credit card holders are best customers. The survey, being published in six parts, documents the purchase patterns, attitudes and trends on the part of service station customers in four major marketing areas. The findings are analysed and compared on the basis of Northeast, South, Central and West and by sex, income and age. .Service station observations are analyzed by age anaq j -NI *p-*rv-*`iicots oai tta*r, me'T'l-io aare*ai aa-asiiririirp*-i!itinigvr rrvnneatfiliiioAc/?i, memempWitor-yiineecwil "ofvyw the Bureau of Census and other agencies os the most, accu rate technique devised, was used throughout the survey. As they are printed, reports are being sent by our Petroleum Chemicals Division to members of marketing divisions of petroleum companies. These marketing experts are using the findings in their plana to meet consumer demands. Through charts and booklets, they are allowing service station operators what they can do to serve the motorist better. Thus Do Pont service to a customer indus try aids the American consumer. , , l\- ilw las!; ttf Pure" liltmium dioxUlt- pigment. After Jtmttftry /, if trill he soliI Aireel lt> papetlutikeis fty tht Paul l!igttte:iis Dept, mtletuueu Hv J; Af;s 1i C. f:!; | . f. :>"! .JAMI-.S M.V'K Sliil,-: h :iii'is. v.iur.f* lu.ntinm dioxide iii'-meni to add nineil y non hrijd i |,r"w in i heir j tapers mi-a ii will l if * e cm Laud'd and serviced directly by Du Port persoimuJ, As \n n, wf ihi.-s irats-dt- fVwm iuj h i Hr iile hulliiic uyf-iicy iLfi I >u ! `uiil'r, iiwvi selling force, trained J'iy'iru ill:, Dept salesmen will :-.l arl c.tlliitp, tut pa perm: ileus after the first ul' Amunry, atitJ a lee! mica I salts seel ton and }):ipi>r laboratory nt Newport. Del. will hr- reads to help customers make while paper of all kinds. The new see vine laboratory will work ei redly on customers' pa|>er problems relating io white pigments, ouch as opacity and brightness. It will be equipped to reproduce actual plan! conditions and tans answer* (picslions dealing with the use of our "Ti-Pure1'' pig ment. Also there will be equipmem io test paper its brightness, strength, ami the like. Before highlighting more of the work of the new lab and technical service groups, let's see why titanium dioxide is In the paper business at all. `-Ti-HdiiT si.i'Kitmii m oi*A(:rn Most kinds of paper depend on minute air parti cles trapped within the sheet to give it brightness unci opacilv, 'Ih esc papers are made up of wood pulp, plus a I ilier such as clay, dial Is, diatomeeruuK earth or iJIaiiitim Oioxido to add the desired whiteness and opaqueness. Kadi additive has its place. "Ti-Pure" LW titanium diox isle, for instance, is superior to other fillers on an equal weight basis for proven Ling prill i ing show-through on lightweight. papers. Food wrappers ami containers, to cite one impor(.anf case, have been a major market for Li.'nnium dioxide, especially since self-service groceries ficcainc big business and speeded the trend m wrapping or packaging all foods, including vegetables, fruits and meats. These containers must, he attractive* 1o sell food -.which often means they must remain while even in contact; with greases, oils, and vegetable or meat, juices. A prime steak on a clean-looking, while paper tray becomes on unrippclizing-l*>okiiig hunk of beef if its juices discolor I.lie tray. Titanium dioxide is the only paper filler that can be depended on to keep tills deni red whiteness ami also to remain inert. Bread wrappers owe? their sanitary-looking white ness Io titanium dioxide. Waxed hoard, such as l.hr.l; in frozen food boxes, butter cartons, and milk bottle lops, is a rapidly growing field for "Ti-T\ire" pigment. If. is often used to give whiteness and good appearance Jo glass!no used as a food wrap...on chr.-coiui.e bars, fur instance*. Vegetable parch mi mi paper, used fur wrapping vegetables while cookieg and for oily and greasy foods, also relies on the* white pigment f.n im prove its appearance. Porous p;t}X**ri, such as .stationery and book and magazine stunk, dejx-iui primarily on Ur ; presence el' nil* interfaces for opacity and brightness. Kxi.ra white ness Is achieved hv adding a tiller, amt ``Ti-Pure" is preferred where light weight is of importance, such as in air mail stationery or mail-order cal. a logs. PapemHikers capture tin* whiteness of titanium dioxide in two ways. They add it. to the pulp mu! water mix in foe healer before the paper is or used, or they spread it. on the mirface of the mushed shed as a coating. If and when problems cron up in cither application, ihe new Pigments Dept, service lab will he ready to do ilie necessary Hckuiillii: sleuihuig, For instance, a paper mill may seek guidance because It needs to cut: the weight, of its paper hut can't fakn a loss in strength. Or a customer may have trouble giving his titanium dioxide coating the desired viscos ity. Or again, a mill using "Ti-Pure" may feel '(.should improve I he dispersion of the pigment and reduce the grit in its paper. In such casus. Hu Pont letiiirciaris Will work with the mills and when necessary bring' i I ms puzzler back hi their lab for more study. The Du Ponton; who will start serving ills paper trade don't, exactly look for easy coast hyp hut they know they have a valuable product fa* bank on: tita nium dioxide disperses well m water yet. has. a low slurry c.nnsisfcvK-y; ii has good beut.er retention, and a low ad hesive demand: and no whiter pigment, t nan "Ti-Pure" LW has ever reached the market.. With its formidable array of' advantages, fit armnn dioxide is just naturally going fu whiten die lace of more and mow paper. It was vint'i"i<'ii"> lirsL i>nf. <li's['iic Us sfratrpr spot in traiis|ii1n[itJi history, any Kclf-rys|H*rtiijy etiyitMvr would rather aiicml * . . hv PKC UiM-W; tit -sudds a: immersion tit doom. (he dcafeulm: )n*al of thunder, and i ho etash of fecerberuP`d sounds in ;i con fined s[i;'nr combined to produce r.i momentary shudder or Hit'll of dcstrnoi.intt, ;i iltriil of nmiihil.it it.n . , `11 lb, ill. comes; from physician's tirsl trip tlironsrli a mi boat I f u nno I in I HIP. `Tlie mass*.." he on i- linutsl in hi.-; ,-iiixinuu (siailiiioiiy boft>re :i lieall h commission. "Wsiulsl 111* !l Vi icy :>;i*e:t( I'll on it (ti dedc.'lio ]ii'0|lh`." (ion eunvd u follow ilofUit': such im tiv)'rit:tm: mads* one "liable to cuii.'li coin, tnfi.uiiirial ion of s ho luiwy. nrysrielas. rbetmmtbm, and liimUino." Evidently, jr-vat...srr.';.ti.:r;ni(iji;t'a opinion f tunnels vvasn'i vary pi wish Aittl II, rntiltln'l. hove heon improves: by I Im f:i>ii,...and by all odds fit' oddest....om: i:vvr <jui; in flu* Cnil.yd Stales. Although this f;uuilors unmnl vvnsn 1 noisy, it was by all moans (It mi lit <-<:-' try, >2) imprael ira! I <: construct.: and id) jnsl plain bwslish. Hiiili, from !H IH-'i I, il. was a cminintiln:.; link tn that, inl,i`ii:ai4: liarn-jxjrtai am not,work, I,lw oik I'eunsy Kanin canal svalt'iu. I hitler its arches bowed not. only coal from t.iit: earliest >iini..,M in l.lic Hrlr.iy I kill region, Ink. ahnoal everv type of product tin it- could Im: hauled by burse- < h aw11 taoal liual. HI ill, I fit1 'mystery remain.-,i why was il InuN V l``ir:4 it was eoasl,rnetel where tin i.tnirit-1 was needed,. 'Hie path of the canal at. Ihni point. Hoar A id turn at. Or wig shun; landing, iay straight and l.t ue afsetid, willt tto oltKl.ruei itiin- of any consequence. Why, then, did someone deliberately divert (lie eanal by nearly a riyli angle in order /< hit hill hc\l li'iee ir- /milled ihrutiiihc "Had ilie canal s laf i been loealcfl hut a shun dis tance down river, where (lie railway citl. was Infer tiiatie.y' says, Drinker it! his book 1'unnrtniif, T-hik tunnel misdit easily have I .cor avoided .ilioj'Vlhor.'' Second, us lain.: as he wa.s doing Ihing.-; die Itard way. why ilitln'i idle engineer pick a bill (but was li pit enough? I lie nighesl pet ttl. of the lull be del citnose was merg-u* 10 feel above flit* ftmiieL Sl.il; tin- work went, ahead, mid Ainerren's earliest funnel was cut through t.lttr. -till s red shale. The excava tion Wits ;.(0 feel, wide and tb let t hh/h from (in* .*rnal hijt.t.utn, ami it was oripinally loti li.-ct. kuiy. t iuti))|i'*<wsivr as modern tuntieis pn, I lit: cit isms f I ha i era found it setisai iunal. In a vuiv. lli.yv ;i;td a cis:h( m These were, il should he von leathered, the days whets dynamite diditl. exist, peeve*1 totes limln'l, been invented, engineers were iiiiie more than surveyors, unit eupilal Was srai'ee. A I tu me I Was defiinicly ti leal,. Tili [ii.**Iiti'(*. I'roiu ;t I') I i!, e.yt\ ol `"Tlse Pilot," was tie-eriltetl as "Tin* iii*s| isttiiiei :it flit* i" S,. lutll near Aitimrit, P;;, in 11,1 i~tf I, ( 1`iM'm*. llmi ptiflial I ti mi is passe, | m er lop til Id 11,'" I Iona in;.; I heir Sunday lint-ry, syfti (seers enme in yreal r.rwd:s by si tip..* and private eotn crillH* from 11 ilatlcljth.ia. "A tui t.hai.," repnns : Irinker, "Was one of flic chief causes in promt.I.my moral pul'lic mlorest, in the euuul. '1'lie v.liiiiisaatl iuimcl wvis i'c.lctl to disappear, for itsler engineers saw the hill for who! il was -- a molehill, noi a moiiti: ait,. By I Hal (lie it.miel was sIVee. io almtil half its jt t vj I., A decade laI-tv it w.o, ivitleitcd anti shorlettetl (.;> inly 1 hit feci . and finally, .thou. IHIlt tK rntil was eotit]lejely s:u;. ; lirtHls.pl In (lie blue sky . Wltal had bciyyls as;', tllt'liit-) heroine tut ol't I tilery d t cl!. Ateaitwiiiic, i lie canui sy:dcm nripiiially1 11 c.imod of 1 !</ William I'criit 'tad tloariiTi'e. and Im putt p'ivt* I'nmisyivtittia iis name as the iathc-r o' Arnerteii'K yreat. ptihlic works, 1*1 vet! Ntr.v \ ork. wilh tl.s lua's* latnt'mS J'iric tk.ui;sl. ;yit*Isis to that commonwealth the honor of' eoriceivdng ami |>1.in ning this rutin fry's iinil. mammoth transportation system. The reconi, even for these days, in impressive. Be tween 1791 mid 3Hit,a, Pennsylvania ineorpnrsfod lit! rail road, canal and navigation firms. By 18,'!:, l.liesc companies had eoii.sl.riicfed 1,0-18 miles ettbe canal system. IE BACK I'mVDKIC HKM'lili IHdlJf THEM These grand old canals occupy a special spot in the 1 .hi Foul. Company's affections, built as they were wif.it the aid of black powder from the original Du Foul, mills on die Brandywine. Moreover, they were something of a proving gmimd fur Company safes policy in l.hnst: days. Fur Mou there Irentie du Font had a hard tin a: selling canal men on l.hc idea tliat expensi ve -1 >t s f-strong blasting powder was almost incviiab.y cheaper in the long run than iiip k I>eiisive-lu l.-iwruk powder. "We wish l.o conquer flic; prejudice amoiq; nick blow ers that any powder is good enough," stressed a 1 ht Font letter of l,ST! to Ceo. 13. B. Kcim, working on the Itcm.liag, Pa. section, of the canals. "The only filing wauled in gun powder for blast ing is Si mi igih. And if powder at. .:i*f per Keg contains in one Keg the some sUengi h as. is curtained in two Kegs of inferior powder at Si, the lorn ter is I In* eheapest. "No n an would buy a hogshead of Brandy wit bout, knowing if i| he of the 1st or 1l.li proof." Kami evilienfly wns interested in sampling high-quality blasting powder, for old Du I`out records show t hat, be soon bought 50 kegs nf it. In a few years, Keim and Ids follow eana ineti bad finished their work and Lire Pennsylvania system, linking the Schuylkill and I he Susquehanna I fivers with the Ohio, was complete. Besides its own claim to importance, it is interesting to note that this rat-al network i irlude-.l not only America's first funnel, but. her second, third and fooi tb t miispui l.al ion I anrels, and her first, railroad funnel (Imtll on lilt* Allegheny For*age in ISal-oh to connect lljt< kinfrni anil Western Division Pennsylvania Banal.-.). W li.li such an array of accomplishment s, I Pi.it ccttf.tiry Pennsylvanians had a right fo the nickname liudr common weal ill still bear*; l.lits "Keystone'* of tin. t.'uion. The picture of health ... is an apt name far the x-rays that industries throughout the country are taking to check-the health of their employes By DAVID J. PHELAN ' the young job applicant swallowed hard and leaned' Dr, Stocklen spoke specifically of community closer to the examining physician,. . chest surveys, in which mobile units cover the city "What's, that again, Doc?" The doctor repeated taking x-rays in Industrial plants, schools, and even . the news that the x-ray showed he had tuberculosis. hospitals. Such units, employing built-in x-ray ma . "TB? But I just took an Army physical day chines, male use of Du Pont "Fluoro-Film" x-ray before yesterday,' and nobody told me I had TB." film, a special film supplied in 100-foot rolls that record The doctor placed the x-ray film before a viewing' up to 450 Individual miniature chest x-ray pictures. ' ; light. "Ttiege telltale shadows on your film Indicate A community service of this sort means much to ' a fairly advanced case. Tell me, why-were you rejected the small company, and forward-looking management by the Army?" cooperates fully with the public health departments : "My hearing. After they found it was bad, they to protect its employes, A good example is the Nettle- stopped the exam, so I didn't get a chest x-ray. Not ton Steel Treating' Co. in Cleveland, Ohio, where . . . until the one.here today." President Robert F, Coleman recognizes the need not ' Fortunately, a vigilant industrial medical pro- only for modernization and expansion, but also sees gram picked up the young man's case and rendered a the value of protecting the health of Ms 27 experienced ' . real service both to him and to the community. Early workers. In cooperation with the Cleveland Health : 'detection saved Mi fife and stopped the possible.spread Department, Nettleton employes have chest x-rays : : of the disease. : ' ' periodically. . liases, of this sort are exceedingly rare today. Not just the small company, but industry of all ' simply because the chest x-ray has achieved almost sizes, has joined hands with private doctors and corn- universal use. ' . ' niunitf health officers to extend the use of the chest . ; In the opinion of Dr, Joseph B, Stocklen, con- x-ray. Today by actual count more people are x-rayed ' trailer of tuberculosis for Ohio's highly industrialized than are finger-printed.- Cuyahoga County, the widespread-nse of chest x-rays A large corporation, because of its great number ' ' has been the greatest single advance made in uncover- of workers, can make an effective contribution to the ing tuberculosis,: and. has. contributed greatly to the tubercutosis case-finding effort of any community. The dramatic 60 per cent decrease in the tuberculosis death ' Chrysler Corp, is an outstanding example. All of rate over the past five years. Chrysler's 142,000 employes had chest x-rays before Netllelon Sled Treating Co.. Cleveland, ......... who art! x-rayed by comity. health depart- j ik iIeels healtfc of nil. its 27 employes ' tuenl mobile unit. Last year such units look more ill on a quarter million chest x-ravs in (lie Cleveland area. startin" work, and (he KO.OOO chest films taken yearly show I hat f Ik i jot) of checking never slope. The nx;d ic;il department at. Chrysler's I )ei r<tf heudtiuarters has on file more than 2,400,000 medical microfilm records on G()0.(K)0 persons, and more khan 1,000,000 ctit'sl x-ray pictures have boci: taken. 1 ndustrial health programs have a manifold pur pose, according lo Dr. Marvin Ik (1 rccn. who is in charge of the inimical program at. tire Toledo plants of tlx* 1 )oehlor .Jarvis Division of National head ('<). Among their many goals arc* improved employe health, bolder human relations, and tlccrcaserl absenteeism. At 1 fodder-,Jarvis, a leading producer of Hie castings. ilie medical prog;mm goes beyond these doihted goals ai:d gives its workers pro lection against crmclilions which can lie cured or eonvetec! if early fieteelkm is made, 'lids is important in tuberculosis, for insiatiee, where trouble can go unnoticed because of the absence of early symptoms. If a small x-ray shows, an abnormality, I he* indus trial physician usually reehocks lay taking additional cl lost pictures on larger films, such as Du hold's H x 17 TXIni Fast'* medical x: my film, a size ideal for comprehensive si urly of 'arip1 body sections If the large film confirms f.he presence of disease the cm ploycD family doctor is calk d tit, and i he i ival meni can be started. As l>r. M. \V. -loex. ChtyslerV assist.ml. medical dirwlcr describes it, the Itteuslrnl metical jrr<m acts as an extension nr oulpasl til' the com. munilv health ell'ur:. and makes many vahuole con I ri I mi lions to hof h the private physician and ihe public health nlficer. The National Tuberculosis Association estimates that a sirigle cats.i of tuberculosis costs a cummin il.v almost $t o,it0(i. lids figure intrludrs medical care, rompensr.l ion, less of income, and relief pay mauls, blai'ly detection means I aster recovery and reduces \ bn cosl 1 iv shorlrating the refpiired buspilatizaiion. Dccognizhtg Lids fact, Americitn induslry last yesr spent more Ilian $ 17,(M)0.000 (nr x-ray epuipmettl and sup plies, primarily to maintain and expand (he drive against tuberculosis through chesl x-rays. The coni inued efforts of (Iv- mduslria medie.il pmgrjim, the family doctor, and tlie public (faith ofikier arc rapidly pushing i u beret ilosss ofi'ihe list <>t major killers in the Chilled States. First established' as an industrial rubber, ' . neoprene is. appearing in more and more . consumer products. Today you exjwct to find,., eiIfll fgp* n #~ AI JL JL mM# "flie man-made rubber for'tough industrial'jobs," said our Rubber Chemicals Division informant. "That used, to be an adequate thumb nail description of neoprene. But it isn't any longer, because rubber ."Takemeoprene gloves, for example. For a long time users of industrial gloves knew of neoprene's superior .resistance to heat, oil and grease. Then-one day someone suggested that glove makers tell it to the girls. The'result is that long-wearing household gloves of neoprene now protect feminine hands from the rigors of washing dishes and scrubbing woodwork, . . "Or take .industrial air' hose, the kind used on compressors in paving-work--it's made of neoprene for resistance to sunlight on the .outside and hot lubricating oil on the inside., from there it was a logical step to neoprene' garden hose, where resistance to weathering is a factor in hose life, I could quote other examples of this transfer of ideas from Industry to'the home, but you get the idea, "The -secret of neoprene's'success in industry has been Its ability to survive punishment,' not only from sunlight, heat and oils, but from oxygen, abrasion and a variety of chemicals. And these same qualities are winning neoprene a growing place in the household products field. If you're doing an article on neoprene, Pd emphasize that trend If 1 were you." - .. We said we certainty would ,,. perhaps with pictures. :-v-; stoned for nlai.il comfort h im! safety , , ..Vii-Vi: HHH . sBHmmU IB . ... " p -r -^1lllillHIhlllHIllllHIHHItHltl! ................... --MiMigilB'!;--BiMiigiMl^^MltMiaiiiiiiiiiiiiaiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiwiww M ................ ;.wlBIh^SSlil 1lilillllHIIIilllliBMii 1  Ili-- "1 if'* J1L emm iiil chemical gold in&teatl and GORDON' H. KESTER ; rig of-the Mountain Fuel'Supply Co. was - set up on the sunbaked wasteland of southwestern Wyoming, 18 miles from the. town of It was the summer, of 1938, and the-crew was pros pecting for oil. ' Eight-hundred, then 2,800,.and finally 3,169 feet down -chewed.the drill. But no oil. It was a " ' 'li''flustefhSfitl iK ciew''relttcfaniIy puled ilie casing to move on. Luckily for our story, the drill cores were saved. They showed deposits of various sodium salts near the 1,500-foot level. One of the salts proved to be trona, a relatively rare, nonmetallic mineral made up of sodium carbon ate and sodium bicarbonate--washing soda and bak..Ing soda, Trona is a .brittle, brownish substance that. looks remarkably like maple sugar candy, even to the powdery white crystals on the surface. Prom it cornea ' soda ash, the nation's third most important chemical --used in refining petroleum, aluminum, vanadium and uranium, in making water softeners, detergents, paper, sugar, bricks, glass and a long list of other familiar products, including bath salts. The deposit discovered by the-oil drillers was ten feet thick. It was remarkably pure, uncontaminated by sodium chloride as many trona formations are. The deposit now is known to contain at least 250,000,000 tons, making it the largest in the world. That much trona would yield enough soda ash to meet all the needs of American Industry for the next 85 years. Today the chemical gold uncovered by the drilling crew is the object of a 120,000,000 enterprise by the Intermountain Chemical Co,, which mines the trona and refines it in an efficient new surface plant. The site is called Westvaco after the operating organization, The Westvaco Chemical Division of Food Machinery and Chemical Corp. Although mine workings 11 miles long have been blasted out beneath the surface, the project is still in the development stage. Eventually the trona will be mined by the room and pillar method, common in salt and coal mines. The present production goal is 300,000 tons of soda ash a- year, which will require an ore production of 2,400 tons a day. Plans call for tripling this production later. Working faces in the mine are undercut, drilled to a depth of nine feet, loaded with Du Pont "Extra" E dynamite, and fired with Du Pont delay electric blasting caps. Each round of explosive knocks down almost 50 tons, we were told by G. B. Gaylord, mine superintendent. Afterthe blast, loading machines move up, their crablike arms sweeping the ore into a moving belt which carries it to loading buggies. The buggies shuttle back and forth to a conveyor belt which carries the ore to a crusher at the foot of a 1,500-foot shaft. Twin skips hoist the trona to the surface at the rate of six tons a minute, : The ore is'crushed further in'the surface plant, ly Masted Iromn iil raiinwiir leading to shuttle ear. . then dissolved in water so that insoluble impurities, primarily shale, will settle out. The soda ash Is crys tallized from the remaining liquor and dried. Pure enough to meet the most exacting chemical requiremerits, it is shipped in bulk or In. bags, A noteworthy'feature of the Westvaco mine Is the absence of wooden supports un.clt3rgroun.cl.. Roof bolts driven vertically into the overhead support the square-cut main entries, while the other development openings are arched and normally require no support. The result; room for equipment and men to maneuver. ' A NEW WRINKLE; SHORTENED UNDERCUT Du Pont dynamite lias been usad at Westvaco since the first mine .shaft was sunk in 1947. Our Com pany's salesmen and technical service men have joined with mine personnel in more than a score of Masting tests aimed at finding better and more economical methods of getting the ore out of the ground, One of the most significant things to come out of . the test program is an undercutting method believed to be unique in mining. Ordinarily the undercutter, an electrical saw that bites horizontally Into the ore fare ;tf. floor level, slices oil the way across flic fare. Tilts kerf, an it's called, gives i he ore some place to fall when it's blasted, Bui tail ring through Irena It tough going, time-consuming and hard nu oven laingh Imi caidiid<; bils, A aeries, of lili.tKi.ing I cats, proved i I ml I he whole 32.-fool, widt.li of the face need not. bn undercut. A four- foot wide cut in the center and realigrmiotn of idie drill holes and dynamite charges to cum pci is,rue for if gave sat wlaclory results at a saving in lime mid money. IK. Marshall, 1 lit; engineer who I Hauls Wertvneo'-; mine research division ad, (Moon I liver, considers lluprose111 ml in of four tillhs of a pound of dynamite to a I 4 A Her tin* is- r<-m<>v('<L the mine lure iiuilcrciil. drilled again and inad,l it It ll;i I`ml d\ namilr. (.on of ore a goi > :.) o ik *. especially when balanced against the saving represented In the abbreviated undercut. Imperial)! as i! is to industry, the Westvaco mine also i, something of a geological rauio.siiy. New and unusual minerals have been found associated with the trotin format ion. (Joe,a double carbomle of sodium and calcium, is called short!to. (Nher new minerals found (here are bnuiloyile, Iniinlilinlle and seaikfole. Idle rod; niulinij goes on. Recently Marshall spot.fori a minora' vein underground I hat lie had never seen be lore, lie sum, a sample (a a geologist and was await tag ;s report when we visited the mine. By the time this is published a now mineral called mumhnllifce may be listed in the geological journals. The signi l leaner- <>(' (lie f.rona mine to the industrial future of die West has been put inio words by (farm A. Romano. Wesfvaco's resident manager. As he (.old the Colorado .Mining Association las! year. "We are of : In- opinion that (he development. of l.rona in the inler-no unfoin area is (he real ford lining of u great, chemical empire, ' Very few dry holes can mate that claim. of fine silica, composed of spheres of amorphous silica so tiny -that; it takes ten billion of them to cover the head of a pin. '. Now made in experimental quantities only, the ' material is. undergoing extensive development .as a ' ` ,J"..........................." ' d as areinforc- temperature up to the ignition point of the oil. Manu factured In pelletized form, Du Pont fine silica is practically dustless, and can be readily milled and dispersal! in oils. Field development of PL-171 fine silica, the special formula designed for greases, is being conducted by the Petroleum Chemicals Division of Du Pont. by milling a mixture of this flue silica with oil, as con trasted with, the complicated ^compounding now re quired with metallic soaps as thickening- agents. - What will tins new silica mean to the petroleum' and automotive industries? A multi-purpose product that replaces many types of present-day 'greases will result in economy- and ease of manufacture. :For exam ple, today a .grease that resists water fa -necessary for the automobile chassis; .another with high heat stabil ity is used In the wheel bearings. Because Du Pont fine : silica Is both water-resistant and stable at high tem peratures, it can he'used in a single'grease for both chassis and wheel bearing lubrication. ' - Du Pout's fine silica is a superior thickening agent' because the tiny spheres are' joined together into a .highly porous sponge-like structure capable of trap ping larger amounts of oil. ; '- Greases made with Du Font's fin silica are' water- puts a raincoat orreaeh tiny sphere. The melting point of"flie" silica'' is'so high" the "pease'"wil""iot"'inAi" at' any'" 34 * They're hi" imsittess noivttduy.v, thanks f #-</ limns ami synthetic detergents like those made hy Iht Pont \ou're like most Americans if yen ivucli for n tube, hot(tc or jar of (in')in red shampoo when yon wash your hair. Seven!,y per coni, of flu; consumers queried in a r?<en( survey bought. shampoo regularly, coni ri hid inf; i.o ! lie more than $50.00l\(K)0 spetn, annually in this country fur liair deaniii}.! products.. This bonanza for tnikit-gonfls makers; has eon it: about largely itl (lie leaf dozen yea re. Since 1 l)-IO ilia sale of shampoos has triple:i due Lo (I} a greaier amount of eon Sumer cash available lor so-called luxury items, ansi id; tlie impact of .synthetic rid argents on the shampoo markei. Ordinary' :oriel, soap once scrubbed most American scalps. But it tends to leave hair larky anti dull aflct hard-waier washing, and. water in most areas is hard fit some degree. SI lain pons trade with syuinetir i lei orgeat;:, on the other hand, la I her well, clean 1.1 ton nig lily anil rlii>r easily even in very hard witier. By nil-ttiic detergents are used In flit* llirec itutsl j;o|nc lar types of shampoo: the clear liijrriL usually a pale ami >cr color: the liquid cream, generally milky while or a paid cl liuI, and flu? cream paste variety. Du i'out supplies "LHij m.iio T falfy alcohol sulfate detergents l.o makers ol all Ihrcwi types, mid also offers help l.o customers in foriiuilaiing the finished products. The newest of seven ilu I'uni dol-ergenis going to i lie cosmetic trade is the (ormklal ity named "Dujmmil" KP fully alcohol alkviolnnime sullafe. ft was developcu ->ri marily for the makers of dear liquid shampoos, whose products had tended l.o discolor anil grow cloudy in stor age. A s Iiu iiij k j o marie with I'll' retains its clarity ami Un warm, golden color that gives 1.11is luxury product elegam-e in t.m? eye of (lie buyer. Shampoos form trialed with (.lie new delergoiri. lallicr freely, l.nu, and when coinpuHiHh-d aerording !.<> 11n l`out. reeon 1mend aliens have a controlled cleansing ad ion lliat leaves ilie hair not. only clean bri. also soft and nianrigeiilile. `ifuniMio:" FI.' also can be used in making iapiicl cream shampoos, all hough a no! her ''DuponoT is some., times preferred in these formulas for greater economy. The I ill Plait laboratory al, l Jeepwater Port-1. \i.J.. where the deiergenb; are developed, is in many ways a mini at lire sliamjMMi phml. Much <f Ilu: work done there aids file small customer who has limited rescan li facilities. For proper evaluation, eai b del.ergi.aij. candidate ui I lie lab is made into sh.-nupoe by blending if. with wafer and a variety of other ingredients, such as tlurkotiinr agents, loam builder;, or asir conditioning agents. "This is a tricky business,," one chemist, said. "We tested and turned down 1101) Candida ten before arriving, al KP. Yon c.m have two excellent riel ergont-s; one will make n good shampoo and the other will be a Hop. The only way hi find oui wliicli is which is lo Iry i-hem." Clothes of ORLON Make Smart Gifts This Christmas I his Chrislinas you can find presents for the whole family I hat are heaulilul, exud ing and--best of all -- that make life easier all year! Clothes of "Orion" keep their good looks with less time for upkeep... give more time for leisure and living! Inanykindof weather clothes made of "Orion" acrylic fiber hold their press and shape better. And when wet, they dry with the crease still in. Washable clothes wash easier, don't shrink out of size when they're made with "Orion". Sweat ers and socks don't need blocking or stretching. ALL THE SMART-LOOKING CLOTHES THIS WHOLE FAMILY IS WEARING AND ADMIRING ARE MADE WITH DU PONT "ORLON" FOR BETTER APPEARANCE AND EASIER CARE. n Do P0n, mdern-/; vv.'"n9,, jfib_o ()1iL()\ rre# r(NCs Helps wrinkles hang out in your closet. Both Dad and Mother will like the way clothes of "Orion'' shed most wrinkles while hanging up. "Orion" is Du Pout's lrinle-murk fur its acrylic fiber. Feel the difference. The new fabrics that make proper use of "Orion", like this colorful jersey, have a soft, gentle feel ... a touch of luxury. You'll fill(.] loading stores offering clothes made with "Orion". Du Punt produces fibers only not Inlirics or garments. The skill of mills ami manufacturers in using filters properly is your assurance of quality ami value. SEE "CAVALCADE OF AMERICA" ON TV Superior light lastiiess anil with DU PONT "CAPRACYL"* DYES FOR WOOL The "CAPRACYL" dyes are metallized dyes that produce excellent fastness results on piece, top, and stock. These new dyes, in a full range of colors, give the good light fastness needed for woolen men's wear, auto upholstery, carpets, and other type fabrics where exposure is a major factor. In addition to light fastness, the "CAPRACYL" dyes olfer good wet and spotting fastness. These new dyes are easy and economical to use. They are applied under essentially neutral conditions in a short dyeing cycle. The saving in time and chemicals has the valuable side effect of less damage to the wool fiber. The "CAPRACYL" colors have high covering power, even on tippy wool, under proper application methods. They produce consistently level dyeings. By supplementing the "CAPRACYL" range with selected anthraquinone blues and greens, it is possible to produce practically all the light to medium men's wear and upholstery shades, all of which have excellent monotone fading characteristics. For further information, or for technical-service helps on any dyeing problem, write E. 1. clu Pont de Nemours & Co. (Inc.), Dyes and Chemicals Division, Wilmington 98, Delaware. * REG. U. S. PAT. OFF. BETTER THINGS FOR BETTER LIVING . . . THROUGH CHEMISTRY SEE "CAVALCADE OF AMERICA" ON TV