Document ypx7Re96GeBvb5L2dz6QK626n

Infer Office DISPOSE of Capita (Black S'!'"""i by RETAIN Record Copy (Rod Stamped! Thnr H81 BOheOule Number U -- Environmental and Safety Englnoarlng i January 4, 1985 To: D. L. Block D. M. McCarthy W. J. Rooney PLAINTIFF'S EXHIBIT cc: L. T. Dixon R. J. Donnellan L. V. Farago A. Howland P. A. Kelly R. W. Lewis Subject:. EPA Action on NRDC Petition -- Asbestos Brakes Reference: Hy desk note dated October 25, 1984 The attached Federal Register Notice published by EPA on December 19, 1984 (49 FR 49311) grants the request by NRDC that EPA initiate rulemaking under Section 6 of TSCA to possibly prohibit the use of asbestos In automobile and truck brakes. According to the supplementary Information contained In the attachment, - "EPA has decided to grant NRDC's petition because the Agency believes that the use of asbestos In brakes does present risks to human health." However, EPA Indicates "It is not prepared to make an unreasonable risk finding for an immediate ban of all uses of asbestos In brakes at this time." EPA further advises that It has "commenced an appropriate proceeding to address the risks which may be posed by this use of asbestos." Accordingly, EPA 1$ soliciting public comments and has estallshed a March 18, 1985 due date for written submittals. Kindly review the attached and let me know If you believe comments are warranted at this time. Because of the Company's intentions to phase out the non-essential use of asbestos In its products, we may want to delay our comments pending review of any Proposed Rule EPA ultimately publishes. Comments by affected activities, if any, should be directed to my attention for consolidation/submittal to EPA within the time allowed. Attachment 8/JSAlOl/lh Principal Staff Engineer Stationary Source Environmental Control Office j003 0417 SCF-FORD-3526 PRODUCED BY FORD Federal Register / Vol 49. No 245 / Wednesday, December tfl. 1964 / Proposed Rule* 49311 be considered before taking final action. 40 CPA Fart TJ eemmenoe a dvil action to a district - InUtceled parties may Mitidptli fat tbs Federal rulemaking pro dure bp (om-aiioi* rert-m. era*-*) court of tba United States to compel EPA to initiate rulemaking proceeding submitting written nomi eat* to Ike , Asbestos; Response to Cubans* aa requested to the petition. Any ouch r .aUeNtbma^. dvil action must be filed within 60 days ' !Ib revisions areb proposed "'i ' MCmcy: Emdroaniental Protection ' after EPAb denial of tbe petition or. if s- snider pprocedure caSa 'pirdM . > Agency (EPA) ' EPA fells tegrant or deny the petition ' >roce*stn|~ (4? FR mo. * wcpoeed revisions Wei ". changed to areas after: .Identified to tills notice, ^ . avahieteftoesiftaage* * revved NPlCVnopijt are Bade othartban fia fids pottos, ERA adBpti . . v Rulemaking Notice osl -' ^fcmliuletMlVing action' ; l+~cSbcaa 4h(y tifterthaSH . Ifthe - * bstantiafiy an those PAsriD ndmeypubUih tantiu changes c areas dted in ishaPlna) ' revisions The ? EPA will :visions bave denote Response to CHtans' Petition. within 90 days after tbe petition Is filed, 'within 60 day* following expiration of Svmusr Tbe Eovtoanmeotel RsMica the today response period. Agency (EPA) is granting % petition filed under section B w thenode . --. JL Evaluation of ft* Petition Subetanoe* Control Am (TSCA) by iba A. Introduction v * - Natural Resource* Dafenae Council, Inc, to prohibit tbe use of asbpstoa in * On September 12.19B4, B>A received automobile and tnai brdke* EPA baa a petition bom tbe Natural Resources commenced an appropriate proceeding Defense-Council, fate. (NRDCJ. to address the risks whi($ may be posed toquesling that EPA prohibit tbe further by thli use of asbestos. tx of asbestos to automobile and truck Jtoen inkjrteaby'CDp&i yl*':h<bniIBed toEPAfbrtq _ `'tkrSF.thrdMjfnMi , ^ tbe Hot necsstaryjorj' . --.iJ^ffiaa* SIP revisionsfay! ' ---w .ai-r ti'.v'e icutamd. ' rporetioD into will red'uce il approval of 4 nontbs. jKPAla proposing to] prove the draft - - SIPrevisions 1 1 tbit Notice ' -r ^yrtfille l 1st the -- toanecttanst pvt wfll be Wadtbtoltol] 1 -'.The Office ofJ baa exempted thisj geqafaementsAf 1 " . 'Order 12291. . Uader.SBS.Cj' Siat thisSIP revialc efenificanlt bent end Bodget pm tbe F of Executive ' 1(b), I certify 1 not have act on a oatt: Submit written comment* on or before March 1*. 1985.' ` A00nt>9: Submit written comments in 'triplicate identified by the document control number (QPTS-2U015) to TSCA Public Information Office (TS-7V3), 'Office of Toxic Substances. Environmental Protection Agency. Rm. *-107,401M. St, SW, Washington. D.C. 2M40.' A oopyef tbe petition and related 'information (with any confidential business information deleted) Is located far Room E-107, Environmental Protection Agency. 401 M SL, SW, Washington. DC 2046Ol * Thii metens] is available for viewing and crying from 9 am. to 4 pm, Monday through Friday, excluding legal holidays. . - brakes under section 9 of TSCA The petition requested a prohibition of asbestos to both brakes for new care and trucks and in replacement brakes for existing vehicles. The petition argued that the risks posed by asbestos to brakes art unreasonable and that economically and technically feasible substitutes are available -In order to promulgate any rule* under TSCA section B. the Agency must ooosider a number of factors, including, among other thing*, (be effects of a chemical substance on human health and die magnitude of exposure: the benefit* of utilizing die substance, and die availability of substitutes for the me or uses of the substance being assessed. 15 US.C 2805(c)(1). The Agency has conducted * review of the available ' information pertaining to the nse of substantial number-i all entities. (See 6?n 87053 f-2. 3btf ' approve nrr >decision to ijBk plan Tevislaas wffi bet '"whether it toOeUftqj jwextfappqi sections . 1 ){3) of the Clean At Ad.W4 Id. and EPA regulations in SO CL, Sl. These ravWoD* arabtftogl sed pursuant to sections 220(a)d ] AKACL-esemanf of tbe Clean ISC 7410(a) and?9p&ft^5; PON PUNTMtn MFOMUTKM CONTACT: -asbestos in brakes including the Edward A Klein. Director, TSCA Information in NKDCs petition A Aaalstanoe Office (TS-799). Office of summary of that review, including an Toxic.Subslances. Environmental evaluation of the risks posed by this use Protection Agency. Rm. E-543.401 M St, and the availability of substitutes, is SW, Washington. DU. 20*40, Toll-free: . presented below. (aoo-24-aoes). ; ~ {^Washington. DC:(554-1*04), Ptttenied byAtbettog Outside tbe USA: (Operator--202-654 1404). 9UPPUMCNTANV MPOMIATKMC ' Asbestos it a demonstrated human carcinogen dial causes lung cancer and mesothelioma (a cancer of the chest and {.Introduction Section 21 of tbe Toxic Substance* Control Act (TSCA). 15 US.C. 2620. provides that any person may petition abdominal linings), ss well as other hmg disorders People are exposed to asbestos throughout the lift cytJe of the substance--when asbestos is mined, [Part IB - >ne.EeUur ........ d.~ ar^an monoxide. Hjnhoceibooe.'tota governmental the Administrator dfEPA to Initiate a proceeding for tbe issuance. aaendmq^L or repeal of a rule under venous sections ef ft* Act EPA msy bold a public L--""f or may conduct an appropriate investigation to determine milled, processed, fabricated into Sodastrial and consumer products and whan those products are used, repaired, and disposed of. With regard to tbe use of asbestos m brakes, it bas been estimated that abort whether tbe petition should be granted. 1780 people ere potentially exposed Dew*October ML tot. EPA must either grant or deny the petition within 90 daya If EPA grants during primary manufacturing of brake friction materials, and that about MOfiOO ,m -|--t tbe petition. EPA shall promptly people are potentially exposed to Marion&AiimJnixtmAr. Magten l ^RDK.M42Hrn 1U-1PM SUi commence an appropriate proceeding If asbestos during servwang and repair of EPA denies the petition, the reasons for vehicle brakes (Ref 4) For example, denial must be published in tbe Federal persons in brake service and repair Register, and the petitioner may shop* typically ere exposed 10 asbestos / swymiaiiu PQ 6003 PRODUCED BY FORD Scra r(4m1 / Vot O. No. f Wednesday. December H. WM / Proposed Rrfes whe* fam *** am afbrakes product*, but veriliratioe of Mr " ' discs brake* In the original equipment " when bralmhategsera informetto* aa wei a* abaulBt ear price and efficacy of the products are mark* arc asbestos and 90 percent set semimetaSic. h the wplaraiamt brake* prapantaa. urf ah* bah Ami mm needed bafeeo EM caa imsrsrifas ** atter-swkat apprextoiatoly lOsuuwt ftsnttf / * - *'*. . whether continued uae of aebeetoe he . of di*c brake* are atbeitoa and SO * ^(Tiydaa^bvayifaF^ M| brake block* present* aa uaremraehfe percent aat sennetsUk. nik. ' SemsassilSr- dmc hi ekes on* cwoiral^tJitWMhbatAltte - 2. Lightandmadtuta vehicle drum , .approximate^ 9 toes at much as the exukEMbtsArnfaluw hnsie finiM* Drum beaks Sciagram atbettos dmc brake pada^ bsst they lam vehicle braking watt Holy ranttoales ted* of fnclaan eehiMi ididraar about 40pantai laager thaa to betwees an to U percent atAm carved metal Ace* ia a 4mm brain. atbeitot pad*. Semanetalbc dttc fa aha concentration ofaroeftBSfriifce ambient About 46 percent of aB arbeatoa aeed.br pad* cannot euhshtula tor aaheatne the*, air (Rat 7). Both genera) pnaJrtiwa aad brakes ie ia fofs category of sea.Ito* brake pad* io every sppfacxtme because workplace exposure* to iimtM Fiber* vefadt asbeitoa draa bake tamp moy of inferior performance charactensoca. torn fa a* to brake* may naaft to u be tired m both the frost sad rear EPA hat todiceling ikal increased s--beraf ashram** ilersil brakes afRghs aad medium sehiefas. seeumeulltc disc brakes ahauU be used tllni prmaniy on tbe front wheels. Itomem. -only in cats with power brake systems moat passenger vebcles dill sea fora because otherwise (he temuneuQic Th* pedOahar amerts'foet'r econoaacaBy gpdfarhnirrilyfoia libla wbdW. meal pmatolfa; . aemhnauWr frtrtina mrtrriili|.aud armard ttaan aUafaUa Mhepiao* ubma I* EMrhaa &e*v*fadBtyafytodMtBtraihriaa^ ssticelns ft iwhVfa. 1--Iwhss faxutfa. smd that analysis la sammarhmi fa. Appaa&nA affan "**#nta*o*|fhags* AMtjnk afCMfoto aaAshaMra Pn>dtact'&rf.t)i*<fekhisbxtofadia the public lernert estehliahad fa* brake lining* on the rear wheel*. Ad least 96 percent of drum brake lining* are tiilatbesloa. - Until recently the only inhiii Inlet tat ' etbetloe brake Balogs which appeared to have sty potential wart srmlinrtalBc brak'i ilnina*. Howesat foes* product* tand to perform erratically at (BBerent teoiparaturea. teds, aad froduce mom noise than asbesloatosad Snu^a. Mora recently, brake lining* made with aranud Gber have bees developed. However, three are more expend** than the asbestos product and than ia brakes mey not provide enough stopping power EPA also hat tafoimetion that the semimelaBic brakes are slightly Inferior because foe user ha* to push - haider on them before they are warmed . up to get foe fame performance aswtfo aebeetoe brake*. EPA is aware that a good deal oT prodact te eaarrh nberag donate develop ithdlri tabstSatn far atbettos brakes EPA a racking additions* inhnaslien oa substitute* far ssbesto* ia brakes - - NROCs aacte 21 eaWtaa. ERR not currently aaoogh information - ackaowfarfes* tod new tufcetifaiot loe ashaeto* aaa la bribe* asp Wh| developed aad foal EPA's tearful (waBiariacfbafaar]Myaorifcluda teceal deatopsMaaa. V Ataty wtofeiraUftJMU. Braka block* are components of bcafu* that are riveted cr bolted to Qmfaaldat of . brake tboea to pgnids yralsctina against to heat aad wear naaaad by braking tossy aafaiefe brake block* act uied aeLbaaay doty bytajhaia*. and othabaaiiUriAS%A*dM percent of*B asbestos ura& to brake* la In thia ratnaqr ataaa. Asbafaan baaey vehicle brake ak<fr*aoaouat%c about available to judge the performance of ammid fiber brake,fining*. Pnrfoermom. EPA't evidence indicate* that large 'vjanie production afaraarid fiber brakes any require substantia! retooling by brake msnufeotisera. Thcrefosa. aramld fiber brake* may not b* avaihU* la aubsUmlU quGtn** far several j Disc brake pad* am wrfo Irufapa steris a ratar. Heavy vaiuefat rarely brakes. About HI percent of ah . sMd^BbrafcmHsh^dfarahqmry of aaa. EPA hae'dscided to pant NTOCk , pedtioabecesse the Ageocybefierae that foe usa of asbestos In brake* dee* present rills I* human heskh EPA in initiating a ptocasdiqg to gathar tnformatfan oa foe desirability aad feasibility of mducmg neks associated with foe uae of asbestos in bcakao. EPA will analyze to exposure from use* of asbestos, foe risk presented by foot* uses, and foe tabletutee fa nob era EPA wdl to* gafoer atorataBea af foe price eOcaey aad eratUbiWy at subiusmee far ashrams ia Mm Affat' analyto d fom fafsEmahaa. EPA wdl 96 percent ofto mctaA forfrassy * vewdeWaWnrh. * . J' Uotfl Terentiy. fla od^F toaeMRld^ 1 about 30 percent more expensive foam foeaebestaadnehrakepirfifarilhag . deteraaae what faethra actual fa ' ' agpragarafa fa address foe rfala wbicfa last about 30 percent longer. The ... may bit posed fay tfada aa* of eemimataUicB diec brake pads are not . oontidsrad to begood general ..." . ' data. EPA it not prepared to malm aa -raplaoemeofafctaAaete* dfaebrafa. unreasonable risk finding for aa pad* forheavy wshiidas betaus* _J - tmiaediat* has si ail use* of asbestos ia . temhaetaBc* paiform batter tea . ' brake* atfob time ERectfv* subetftota* atbetto* oolymbas(Sa.hiIi frtrtlnfa "a _may aot WaoafaMs fat certtra------ ----- bigh-buri iiliiiimants tfa ^ applic*flora rf ishtom in krtora aad 4.&tafrfowrfai*dhn retddedbc ' faedfapoda the** aa* foe same as diae mbsri*lias faradsst appitcalenos asanat avaitebfa ia auffiaaal quantity bacauaa ' brfae padsfctheavy eetddca.except' f of limitadproductioo rapacity Ralnnlieg they raearadkr AM 99 parcerd of aB. may be required to make substitutes . asbesto* etad ia txabee it la foie - available la large vahuaaa. - t category gfasa. hi to ttobrafra - r lbs Agency invite* foe public to > market eernfaertalhr Wda kmee submit comments on ittae* uhlfats - alrandy mad* larger faraadh and as fa ' fot petition. VA it pattictoa^r effeertra a* asheetra ia Mt i tha dram brake fiafagt marhat. mndi>- fatarustadlaieraurira Inform*Hon aa InfotmtSmo saggaato foati bsstd brake* aea fact bepastng t* h* - both foa currrnJ avaSabUity of introduced Appemdamtriy W ubstitntea for asbestn fabrakes and #008 C41 I PRODUCED BY FORD Federal Begtoiag J Vol 49. No. 24S I Wednesday, December IB, 1964 ) fVpposed Raks mi3 him suhettaft* product* that an Waiver _ currently being developed. The Agency applicationreqvfemeti! would require - baa an ongoing warkgnEMqi. which w<D an applicant wim an appar tTM* .wvkw ffiaes comments, wtt aesKMala amputation or Iflafa Impairment to ha -invsatwal* the avaOa&lbto otadadtoa capable efd*o2wtratk| prabaaaloa asbastos-baesubometMiaraaefe . and power frail In each mtar bah. - --***-*-1--t-- --*--tr'fr'' : 'The FHWA hamtod a longstanding . - appropriate ^oaaaad*aaeifaac^ - policy of requirfcg upper limb applicant! fnaaoiad byasbestos fa breiai - IV. Baooid :;-V 4^ PA baa rejahliitad twgjj far A 'information rslatouiotbe PBDC Id demonstrate arefaensioD and power pup IblipnimiMl action would Incorporate fbalpolicy Into the rule. fifiTfc Commend muat fae received on nr before Fabma/yfeioes. ADMUKAfiool&oents should refer to developing this mpnaifiiS^mlaAt the docket Bum1 and notioe number .the fidiowlng ceiegnria* t(kjboaatiafc <l)Tfae HftrcjrelitiomX* x <XJAppendix Af(h#'tfitMpalory^ Impact Analysis 4tmnwl| * Aabeeto* Froducta.*'.'',' _" ~* W pthartofann^tign m AmatitutaJ ItH tlLtllflt whf0itt. '.% I'iT C - WlnformatJontacChWlNjittie f p&lcanaraWU paOttfg < <g) Memoranda esmnaftatf meetings and let^bbne < retrer*atto6fwith the publfc `' ` <)<_ . Impact Anto(yi.i Asbestos ftpductf. i-* (7) Appendix M al tpe ^lEapBatoy Impact Analyst* of DoRtobban - Asbestos ProdotM.'*;,- hrir t? A public vtnlonilftt eeeaid. - that appear at lop of this document and should be ltted hi triplicate, to room MM.Sure: of Motor Camar Safety. 00 Street, SW. Wellington. D.C. non curtmcr inti matwn contact; Mr. Neill LTbom Bureau of Motor Carrier Safety. 42b-7S7iorMr Thomas P. Holton, of the Chief CouhmI'(202) Padaral Highway Adminisl non. Department of Tranrportation, Seventh BU6W. Washington. D C. Office hour* are from 7*4$ are 4dlgA eJ_ Monday through Fi ` y- suremamrrMrr MMATKMCTbe Sialificabon* for |vcia who drive In tarstataor ierce are found to 49 CFR Part 391 ong these without anyconfidential hutpu inforaatian.Veuei&'Ue tolU public la the Office oT Toxic Bubslanoaa Public qualification* are standard*. SBCFK physical atandarde physical M. Two of the . Cera driven who Information Office, from > are. to 4 pm Monday through Friday. exempt legal holidays. The fVbhctoiscmsQon Office nave had an amputi jon of a limb or who have a limb im; ienL 49 CFR Mi4i(b) (i) and (2) leaetwo U located in RreS-TOTs-ta'MSt- SW_ Washingtonmi, v***r,* V Sated DedeioberH.'UM-'* WiUien atachXhfaa Acinu*tndWiV^^; (ntOoc-ae-Mutfr^dn -tapm) eondibons are subject to the waiver provisions of 49 CFRltlSt, Waiver of Certain Pbyncal Delicts. Paragraph (d) of IB9149bats eight types of documents mat must accompany the lattelof application for a waiver It la propose! that paragraph (d)(3) be expanded tl give notice to an applicant that he or the must be capable of demonstrating proiension and power ETRAWgRTATlON grasp in each upper kmb separately. In effect, this will requae the use of a limb prostbeais for an spiff limb amputee MCFRMAT Mo.a> applicant who has been disqualified under | Sn41(b)(1)lA limb-impaired apphcanl would be squired to wear an ortbotic device if be >r she waa not Ouftttfleitftbni i HMMficappad DtVerW*Hwr Brogram aooscr: FadetsdlliahwaF*^ capable of demonst iting prehension and power graap in ach upper limb without a device ' to 1977, the FHW . contracted with Administration {wfVVAjtiOT. acnosc NotteepfjrP^oaedaalemaklng the Kruaen Center 1 r Research and Engineering nf the 1 o Rehabilitation Hospital In Philede >bia. PennayH ania SuetMARr: The! __ to develop a bookie on the amputee amend the FederalMolor Carrier Safety commercial driver l principal part nf Regulation* fay dwjfying an application the booklet, "limb 1 rosthebca for the requirement of thenanucappad Driver Bureau of Motor Corner Safety." waa the development of tb . Ampctoe Driver Functional Matnx Chi (ADFMC). Tba ADFMC Identified oil 'driving tatka aaaodated with si types oT amputation orfimi ilrment and Kded It* difficulty >dicap type Tba l tbeapecffic predicated as thebe] that a driver wilbuepperRmb wfimb- impaimeot urast i a property fitted and appropriate pi tic or ortbotic device to properly safely operate a commercial motor ve| icle Limb impaired applicants i' doI require an orwotic device if tix can demonstrate prehension and pow grasp without one Subsequently, the 'A instituted a policy &at all upper fa amputee applicants must hav property fitted and appropriate pro ' esis. be proficient In its u*a, and use ' proitheau while driving to ha considi " far i waiver limb-impaired app t* nnut have a properly fitted and ate oftbohe device, be proficieniin its use, and use the ortbotic device e driving to be considered for a . or be capable of demonstrating. bension and power grasp without an oi lobe device. Because this requi Dt l* not specifically stotwl the waiver program rule, there a been some confusion among tver applicants. By stating the req ent to the waiver program nde. we Id inform the applicant hdtisBy an Important program requirem it and avoid later confusion or mini Cretanding tl bst been and conhnue| to be the intent of the FHWA that al putee or hmb- impaired drivers, bo are granted waivers, have prel msion and power grasp ability In bo| i upper limb* when driving commei al motor vehicle, The FHWA ha* d a long-standing policy that reqi prehension and power grasp with ach upper limb separately. Thu. oposal merely expresses that po cy and places no additional burde the affected population. The bcipeted economic impact of thwjx o*ed action, if any ia negligible There ire. a full regulatory valuation ha* m been prepared The FHWA ha determined dial this document con neither a maior rule under Executive er 12291 or a significant tcgulduou under the regulitory poLcig* and preocedures of the Department ol portation. For the reason* atated ive and under the cmleri* of the Ri latory Flexibility Act (Pub U 96-334),j FHWA hereby certifies that rulemaking, if promulgated, will not havt a sigruficaot economic impact on a substantial number of email entities. PQ8009 0420 ' PRODUCED BY FORD