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FILE NAME Manville JMA DATE 1977-1978 DOC JMA014 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION Asbestos Air Duct Tests - Memos and Test Results Transite Air Duct Tests ~<-daiilelatadiinlia ind siliinasdiatats cai Emperors P i P e 7 PPisii si . Pisi Manville t Pisi Manville _ . Internal Cor espondence Internal Correspondence Ta G. L. SWALLOW - 1-06 WITQ O FEBRUARY 28 1977 From D. R. CHRISTENSEN & 4 Capers T. C. McGETTIKAN - N PLAZA J. F. HERR ~ & W. B. HEITZE . 1-06 W .E M. FENNER - 1-06 WIKI 1 Subject INDUS HYGIENE SURVEY - POWERS REGULATUR COMPANY TRANSITUBE TRANSITUBE DIVISION DENVER COLORADO FEBRUARY 23 1977 A special Industrial Hygiene survey was recently conducted at the Powers Regulator Company Kingston Street warehouse in Denver on 2/23 by K. J. Williams with the help of Mr. Jim Brietzke Product Engineer for Powers The object of this survey was to deteraine the environmental impact if any when Transite Korduct M pipe containing asbestos fiber has been substituted for PVC pipe in the company's pneumatic tube systems Particular interest in the potential for expulsion of asbestos fibers dislodged frus the Korduct pipe interior by attrition from frequent carrier trawl into the workplace was indicated For the purposes of environmental testing a model Courier brand point system equippe 'with Korduct piping was installed in the Kingston Street warehouse The system consisted of seven joined 10'lengths of " diameter Transite Korduct Type / TEL anchored horizontally on a warehouse wall approximately 15 above the floor connected at both ends of the tutal 70 pipe run to 90 Transite bends 48 radius h vinga downward orientation as de- picted in the attached drawing As the drawing shows all piping connected below the 90 bends was made of PVC The entire system measured about 100 in length The end of the system having the air moving equipment blower station The opposite end of is commonly known as the local the system is referred to as the remote station The carrier is transported by vacuum to the station nearest the blower and by pressure to the station far- thest from the blower Both stations have a sliding sleeve covering an access port for cariler entry and removal The system blower delivered approximately 1.5 p.s.L. pressure and 120 CFM volume A way carrier trip took abuul 6 secon a lu complete Two types of carrier wear bands were used on different carriers at certain stages of the tests as outlined below One vas made of acrylic carpeting and the other of Tests of carrier band durability were a material called VELCRO in progress during the . . o *, > r q 4q { . i with + ate . , yee . s TRANSLIUBE TRANSLIUBE DIVISION DENVER COLORADO FEBRUARY 23 1977 Page Twu environmental testing The carrier wear bands were apparently not an important factor in influencing test results The carriers were operated through the pneumatic Lube system on a continuous continuous back forth basis during the sampling period Since these systems are rarely used on a completely continuous basis in actual field these tests should have represented a imaxinuum air contant- use mation condition 400+ carrier round trips were made during the 5 hours of consecutive testing difference between the model pneumatic tube The only significant Reli^'f and a similar one in field use was that the Pressure system Valve shown in the drawing as being on the horizontal pipe run was actually located vertically at the remote drawing This modified arrangement should end not of the system have made any sor real difference in observed dust levels SAMPLE LOCATION 1 from local end blower exhaust point in center of air stream i.e. axially Area sample in vicinity of local end sliding sleeve operator's position SAMPLE DURATION 2 hours 2 " 1 2 * * 2 * . Area sample 10 from local end blowers N N 0 Area sample end blower 20 from local 1 from remate end pressure relief valve exhaust point in center of air stream 1.4 " N " N * NN 2 * * } RESULT 0.0 ce 0.1 Fice 0.1 ce 0.0 ce 0.0 cc 0.0 Fice 40.1 ce 0.0 ce 0.0 Fice 0.1 Fice 0.1 ce 0.0 ce 0.0 ce Area sample in vicinity of remote end sliding sleeve operator's position * z2 * 2 * 0.0 Vice 0.0 cc 0.0 cc * Background area samples in ware- 14 house area approximately 75 nd 14 south of primary sampling area =, 0.1 ce 0.1 Fice The above results were obtained using the standard Millipore sampling contrast microscopy analysis technique called NIOSH Results shown as 0.1 cc libers contimeter filter for by were . ~ oe . . . ae - . cade - ch esFtwhe*e 4 aera oe Che Y4a ae - . ate oe . TRANS TUBE DIVISION DIVISION DENVER COLANADU COLANADU FEBRUARY 23 1977 Page Three hee actually small fractions of 0.1 ce but were reported this way so as Tar to avoid implying a technique precision that does not exist Rosed on the foregoing test results the particular point system Le , tested should be considered an almost Fiber operation All results are well below any currently existing or proposed occupational health xx standards for airborne asbestos fibers These test results should represent a typical operating condition for a worn i.e. several thousand completed carrier trips through the system pneumatic tube system containing Transite Korduct piping However a problem may exist during the initial shakedown operation operation of a new system based on reported observation not tested of a light visible dust coating on carriers probably developing from residual dust on Korduct interiors left during pipe manufacture Perhaps & washing or cleaning of pipe interiors during would alleviate this potential dust source fabrication in M plants At any rate the observed dust source should definitely not be ignored : : i. - ~IRISTENSEN 4 Oe, on ee D. R. ~ IRISTENSEN KJW DRC Attachment 2 & 1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF COURIR COURIR PNEUMATIC TUBE SYSTEMS A VACUUM PRESSURE POINT POINT SYSTEM 11 om starte pronstare pont les price Sy bisa ~ mam~- ...Tigaie Urea korange korange statuj^s for talk sy fenia syah kotak akoyak tiger prese rong prese rong relate 154d from cou pers 1. Pranothuse Chily Chily Maine Careers are mine kaikaitsetr ser kaitser eat babam14 babam1baba4m14 101 bar are tra^tsik 49 1 satan H. * 1960 bileswar ^ iy v civncoinoss tot air guns gued in Goldwist v cinos bones ata temporal Goldwist fresh the bones The ystaatk transplatnit gabanes gabanes tass slighty insight transplatnit transplatnit transplatnit decrepil wett glee ty 1 tesredrn vent Cr Le 49177 106969 106969 bust danm danm The Care rs an rent at Careers may be wat an awiting squeal at 25 zilien zillien d^,l langsa langsa masual masual [a Ta khan stan available so 2 available The spunt ta jepni system tooted tooted Se) at the lusituesolusintueson POHIYE POHIYE HIGHLIG 1 Toyra starling shery 58 stabi os pun 11.745 n a i u chocos fedtek , valgom~ Pde eae care farbremsen piek towa 4 berate than A bonerboner born 185 at 10 huchen , th Lt a ower monta ^nk the per way woch bloggen system system Comittais 1ise tudung , furnis skersas Diese fittings 2nd deleg Jaayer fruttottaks de mader and polyentyl atlosterfes PYP PYP queally with fusventilatesh with y aert shiner carichetager carichetager carichetager for DSP TU POPDma iePOPDma ie file sysimerkk sysimerkk The standlatch ponist tas pant system has a part Imattion al sandt Imattion sandt deqarish impens ertise the skitmat skitmat hat may be uesto tum 6001 birga ne per Ssta e bylogger deqarish impens v^dnuky arch ask the syskon yuta deber^'isken atent Ac optional systkin is abas avadak~-t~-at aktiborat aktiborat aktiborat en with a dinasatu dinasatu do loath at systems are arte liphit at freeth freak DARKNE Alations Alations are that sy fini an muspnusj muspnusj ~ attere ~ attere pave pen~fl ** * MOval irat bathians DARKNE He fet be 14de for a Manimacy of standard as 14 % systems beatonis LoDy a5 Nie ewe TD een Oye g te anaes a esJ eo. f. att _ went w 7 tOt tlt ounaas Phil . Sey o . : r.a - amor ... ... ... ... . ... ... ' 4 Ielawe fi oa oh 4 ant beer, . =e } + I oe je Sed PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE Lp ise stabs eos gs eta sasha ae Sle cde ae te a ad mee f TELEPHONE TRANSMITTAL SLIP i { i gl Oey Ged Ged Ged Texxer Texxer | " aA oo Texxer POEZJEST POEZJEST POEZJEST FOR YOUR FIRE FIRE TO- me 3x70.53 3x70.53 tae KL ) PPITARE PPITARE wkELD Stew TO TO Ova ae FORMAL FORMAL 4G ra] URCEURCNENT TURCENT be wD Pasanga Pasanga H Pasanga Pasanga Pasanga Pasanga | Pasanga Ple Pa les aPlsee asee Please MarchoMarrchordd . cale cale cale cale cale Zimow Zimow Zimow Zimow was ray leg nce rated Yh OW fa as i Bo ee ees ES ee .006 .006 Do 1 Z Outsive FAMILY 6019 Room 002 1904 T 3 = BEDROOM 200 2071 1 A Outsive Outsive .0006 558 M" fl 4 fl 7 F m1 A 3 A Family BSD BSD Room Room Room .805 ee 4791 y .003 2387 2387 7 48,700 48,700 x 20 Fillos 4 Fibars Fibars Fibars TO 1 FIBER FIBER 20 FAELUFASELUS aa Prepared identically identicaly those Caland teata Je FIEFLIELDD ------ ----,-- ---- ----------,----, ------, air testing system : fired hot / supply ducts | | Theglass return ducts Test forstood forstood : x family : 21 Center room 3 Back yard under covered fictio 30 ft from house air parklen Sampling air parklen Sampling , zeugment High volume operating at x 10 0.8 2 = ; seg^' prodere Sampling Sampling - : Test A house unoccupied Ee . TAT B- Normal house activity B . ; _ using 43 on magnification magnification magnification 4 Test results # Test Samping Samping location Samping location A | A A rd 6 ? -- es 3 AsbestoAsbesAtsobesto Fober .002 1002 .006 .006 .003 .005 4.001 i felons- TotalTotal felons- & F 7 4 3 ; q ? ; g 1 i - el > : ee ee ee bet hadhad - outside . re heist bielZa tieete . te tnt tia sihsitticladen ai wa wa aes * ' ;34A 4! Manville at 4 s oe ae teh tibia atlas Internal Internal Internal Correspondence 10 G. L. Swallow ~ 1-06 Date January 8 1980 Front V. E. holkodoff F. D'Ovidio - R - & Copies E. M. Fenner - 1-06 J. P. Leineweber - 1-06 C. R. Vander Linden - & R. L. Mason - & 3. A. Aldinger - D Subject TEM EVALUATION OF FROM PRIVATE HOME TRANSITE PIPE AIR DUCT SAMPLES IN TULSA OKLAHOMA M79-240 Introduction 7 Six high volume air samples collected on 8 x 10 inch Millipore AA 0.8 ...mfilters were submitted by the Industrial Hygiene Laboratories for quantification and characterization of asbestos fibers by TEM transmission electron microscopy methods The samples were obtained from a private home Tulsa Oklahoma containing a TRANSITE pipe air duct system A. Sample Identification Sample No. Location Volume of Air M3 Date Sampled T- Outside Home 462 Oct. 24 1979 ! T Family Room 514.8 Oct. 24 1979 -~ T 1A Bedroom Outside Home 828 438.9 Oct. 26 1979 Oct. 25 1979 ZA Family Room 515 Oct. 25 1979 3A Bedroom 594 Oct. 25 1979 B. TEM Grid Preparation Gold mesh TE grids were used throughout the study and individual grid openings measured 81 by 61 m for 1 set and 91 by 91 um in another set From the center of each filter a 22 cm diameter cutout was taken as a representative arca The 22 mm out filter was collapsed and clarified by conventional methods and from which three 3.1 mm plugs were cut out to fit the diameter of the TFM gold grids These plugs were coated with a thin layer of carbon in the evaporator under vacuum placed carbon coated side down on the TEM grids exposed to methyl ethyl ketone fumes to soften clarified filter and fix asbestos fibers in situ The filters fixed on the TFM grids were then placed in a reflux unit cold finger for about A 20 minutes in the cuff zone of hot acetone funes to remove organic material and leaving fibers fixed in place The TM grids were placed againitn he evaporator for another thin coating of carbon for sandwich effect of flhers between two layers of carbon The rudimentary parts a or ip Be Be can e SheE ot oe Oe 4. 4. Swallow - 1-06 tat ae re 3 a danuary 8 1980 of this technique and methods used in counting and verifying asbestos fibers are similar to Tentative Procedure for Derection and Evaluation of Asbestos Fibers by C. Anderson et al EPA Research and Development Division Athens Georgia The Phillips 400 TEM unit was used in this study and magnifications from 1,500x up to 100,000x were used for cursory study uniformity of distribution artifacts rips in carbon if any uniformity or carbon film depositions and other check out procedures The nominal magnification employed in traversing each grid opening. completely was 48,000x and each fiber was positively identified by either electron diffraction patterns and energy dispersive spectrometry for chemistry of ions of atomic number 11 and higher In the Manville technique of the EPA procedure for grid preparation the entire procedure takes 20 minutes rather than 8 to 16 hours by EPA methods and also fiber loss if any ia negligible During the entire handling and preparation technique blanks are run to verify absence of fibers in refiltered Class 100 Clean Room and in filtered acetone and refiltered distilled water systems as well as washing and cleaning procedures of glase vare One asbestos fiber was detected in a blank 20 openings Two grids from each sample usually 10 openings each were used in the quantification of asbestos All openings were randomly selected Results 1. Fiber Concentration per M and Two Sigma Limita Sample No. T LA 2A 3A Fibers Per M3 6000 1900 2000 560 4800 2900 Two Sigma Limits Lower Upper 2000 10000 6 3800 500 3500 6 1700 1400 8000 700 5100 Asbestos U Clumps 1300 475 ND KD . ND 400 'Clumps are not included in total calculation but are reported| separately as per EPA practice A clump is defined as two or more fibers loosely knit or entangled or protruding from a Te matrix Tene cone ws pens os stad BPE terbin ae os 4 4 Leo tewodleaw ' 1-4485 1-4485 . . Fouraty s^ 1980 2 Fiber Count Per 20 Grid Openings " Sample Grid Area per 20 Asbestos Fibers Asbestos Clumps No. Openings Openings mm Detected Detected j T 20 0.131 9 2 ; T 20 0.166 4 I { 3 20 0.166 70 ND 1A 20 0.166 1 ND 4 2A 20 0.131 8 ND 3A 20 0.166 7 1 d Blan@k 20 0.166 1 ND 'six fibers detected in one grid opening In this exercise one blank was used to characterize background for all six samples and all steps involved The urgency of this report did not permit individual blanks for each sample since reading 20 grid openings requires from 4 to 8 hours 3. Fiber Characterization Sample Average Diameter | Average No. | Diameteurm Range um Length um Length Range um Standard Deviation um Diameter Length T 0.025 0.010-0.037 0.29 0.123-0.624 0.01 0.17 I - 0.032 0.036 0.013-0.062 0.013-0.062 0.021-0.042 0.728 0.413 0.208-1.664 0.187-0.728 0.02 0.01 0.66 0.19 A 0.021 - 0.208 - _ - ZA 3A 0.03 0.026 0.017-0.062 0.021-0.042 0.021-0.042 0.649 1.034 0.187 1.248 | 0.166-2.184 0.02 0.01 0.42 0.82 D. TEM Negatives on File Sample No. T 5-3 JA 2A 34 . Negativa No. EM 0800 0799 0793 0794 134-0795 Nune None 4796 0797 0798 Magnification 48,000x 48,000x 48,000x 48,000x 48,000x 48,000x 48,000x 48,000x 48,000x 48,000x - - 28,000x 22,000x 22,000x 22,000x Major Elements by EDS - Mg Si Fe Mg Si Fe Mr. St. Fe N Si Fe Mg Si Fe ~ Mg 51 Fe Mg S1 Fe C. 1. Swallow - 1-06 4 Onuary 8 1989 Tera Pe F. D'Ovidio V. E. Wolkodoff NB 5059 PCs 41-43 also HP tapes attached listing length and diameter of each usbestos fiber encountered ck aan ame beset a dean pe AT OO gf BT wo, 4 ff APPENDIX COMPUTER ListinG OF ASBESTOS FIAER DIBUSTER AND LENGTH ini jana 7-1 +0.010 +0.010 e . +0.010 +0.10+0.1 D Range * fo ae arsFs L Rand 2.1348 2.1348 2.13482.123.418348 2.13480.6248 0.62480.62048.6248 Pya . 11 111 1 L AVE &@ L STA A 00..25280580 0.25800.2580 0.2580 0.2580 tit ttitit 2.PIC 2.PIC 2.PIC 2.P2IC.PIC. .. .. 0.1707 0.1707 0.1707 0.0170.717070.1707 *** *** *** = 3 a+ wares te ueeai tae*. 2. 312.2.31 2.2.31 ite ite * ** sead te ") e>e +# 3.0928 3.0928 3.0928 3.0928 3.0928 *1 * - i ca tee on hed Ss = tbe7 i fae 7% ot - # s 130 113030 6.0300 6.03 6.036.036.0306.30 0.7288 *** *** *** Yat 2 . 2 _ ha Se ee son C. C. in . . r a ars ry Bost ; * os cev4 7 oe . . ini 1 a. : . : : " C.728C.728 Aveta nian COMPUTERCOMPUTER COMPUCTOMPUTER ER LISTING OF ASBESTOS FIBER DIAMETER AND LeLnengthgth in ALMA age tte ees ard ear eee ate Sev oor att oer aay oar one And van 3A oun dao aes oon tee wee ers eee fee age *** . wat *** atte 41 Map *** Lad e reba aegq ** iA AN ght OGRE ea Ae JM Manville Research and Development Center Report No. 425-7-1 Date August 22 1979 ~. wt 2 Title M^ TRANSITE AIR VENT EVALUATION FOR AIRBORNE ASBESTOS BY TRANSMISSION . 7 ELECTRON MICROSCOPY - SALES SERVICE REQUES 40. 321 the In the . ^' ; In tthhe e thethe t SUMMARY . Three series of tests were performed on 8 in TRANSITE vent duct to evaluate levels of airborne asbestos by transmission electron microscopy le r ; rims rims J . 2 7 , I, 4 fy 4 / Two tea fest lengths of a in rent duct vere assembled connected by a 300 elbov Suction in the 3. stevenson couplings were used throughout the system system vaz provided by a 15 E.P. centrifugal blover Air velocities in all tests were approximately 1600 min Some tests were performed with no boles out performed with two 3-1 in holes cut lato into the system others one of the ducts were > ed The first series of tests were performed with the air ambient background sampled about 6 ft from the system air intake The remaining 2 series of tests were performed with a 3 ft length of in PVC pipe assembled with a stevensch coupling to the intake of the system The air ambient back- republicaton ground vas measured inside the PVC pipe approximately 2-1 ft back from the intake A brief summary of the test results follows or Test Series No. 1 distrbuion Pipe only so holes No. of fibers or clumps cer cubic meter 4,638.000 a - general in Pipe with two - 3-1 holes Ambient air background 6 ft from intake aon for Test Series Jo 2 241.000 _ 254,000 PS as not Py No of fibers per cubic meter No. of Asbestos clumps per cubis aster kzisky kzisky ue Confidential Pipe only zo boles 7 78,000 kzisky 31.000 15.500 pipe Confidential Ambient air in F 11,700 19,000 7 : ret Confidential Fipe with two 3-1 in holes 475,000 - 7 85,000 Confidential Ambient air in FVC pipe 43,000 + - . ~ . ^' nen ne, Ca at = . i A mle Cas .. a . bal oo OE es ey Keywords TRAISITE Vent Duct Asbestos Transmission Hestron Microscopy Airborne Asbestos Fibers JM Manville Research and Development Center Report No. 125-7-1413 Page 2 republicaton or distrbuion general for not Confidetal Test Series Ko Jo of fibers per cubic meter 3o of Asbestos clumps per cubic meter Pipe with two 3-1 in holes Ambient air in PVC pipe 307,000 62,000 85.000 19,000 Special appreciation is given to D. H. Christensen and staff who collected the samples and to V. E. Wolkioff and F. 3. D'oridie who performed the transmission electron microscopy and did all of the analysis work Much of the text and data presented in this report is taken directly from their reports Contents Summary Discussion Results Comments Appendices I and II Reported 40) Seb oe pd by E. S. Goodspeed Pipe Technology Section pk Distribution R. H. Cuje P. Ketin - 3-06 1206 s J. H. Svensen - 3-07 S. J. McDuff $MP.enner R. M. Krone - 3-03 - 1-06 - 2-20 A. C. Daley - 2-30 G. C. Eggleston - 3-08 W. 2. Volviler - 3-07 T. P. Young A. C. Boush - 3-05 = 3-06 T. R. Gillen E. Spinzig R. G. Finch = 3-05 = 3-06 = 3-06 J. Cran L. Ciancia = ~ 3-02 G. A. Ensign C. R. Summer - 3-04 -~ 3-02 C. T. Agen S. Maretad - 3-02 = 3-02 J. M. VanVorbis 3-04 J. P. Leineweber- 1 06 G. 2. Swallow 1-06 G. P. Loubert J. B. Ariss - Tor Off - Tot off J. F. Small = Tor Off C. J. Sulewski S J. R. Champion 5 P. E. Dix J. F. Hert R. T. Hucks R. H. Cerny V. E. Wolkodoff F. D'Ovidio 5. B. Spencer K. R. Matthews D. N. Christensen H. S. Goodspeed R Information Center 4 : , . ae ; tes y , ' . - JM Manville Research and Development Center Report No. 25-7-1413 Page DISCUSSION The Industrial Products Division Division placed a request on the pipe research group to evaluate vent duct for levels of airborne asbestos Three series of tests were performed on 8 in TRANSITE rent duct . The test set up ecnsisted duct connected with a 90 of two elbeu ten ft 8 in lengths of B in TAMSITE vent stevenson couplings vera used for connections throughout the system Suction in the system was provided by 15 H.P. centrifugal blower Air velocities in all the tests were approximately 4600 min See Pigure 1 Each test was run for a period period of two centinuously during this period hours with air sampling taken Samples vere Methodology the asbestos taken in accordance with currently accepted EPA sampling the air stream inside the pipe vas isokinetically sampled for fiber See figure 2 All samples were collected by D. R. Christensen and staff Analysis was conducted by the most advanced state of the art in transmission republicaton electron microscopy as presented in the following paragraphs Filter Media The Millipore AA filters zeasure 8 by 10 inches and on which the actual or area of deposition for each filter measures 175.5 mm by 227.5 mm TEM Grid Preparation Gold sesh TEM grids were used throughout the study and individual grid openings measured 59.9 by 89.9 um From the center of each filter a 22 mm diameter out was taken as a representative area The 22 m distrbuion and out filter was collapsed and clarified by conventional methods from which three 3.1 mm plugs vere cut out to fit the diameter of the TEM gold grids These plugs vere created with a thin layer of carbon general the in evaporator under vacuum placed carbon coated side down on the amet TM grids exposed to methyl ethyl ketone fumes to soften clarified for filter and fix asbestos fibers in situ The filters fixed on the TEN anet grids were then placed in reflux unit finger for about 20 minutes not ts in the cuf zone of bot acetone fumes to remove organic material and the ite leaving fibers fixed in place The TEM grids vere placed again in ee for another thin coating of carbon for sandwich effect of + efviabperosratboertween two layers of carbon The rudimentary parts of this fibers and methods used in counting and varifying asbestos technique Detection and Evaluation of astestos are similar to Tentative Procedure for oe Fibers by C. Anderson et al EPA Research and Development Division Confidetal Athens Georgia The Philips 400 T^ Munit was used in this study comes Res oO + JM Manville Research and Development Center Report No. 1413 Page 2 and magnifications from 1,300x up to 100,000x were used for cursory study uniformity of distribution artifacts rips in carbon if any uniformity of carbon film depositions and other check out procedures The nominal chemistry magnification employed in traversing each grid opening completely vas 18,000 X and each fiber vas positively identified by either electron diffraction patterns and energy dispersive spectrometry for of ions of atomic number 11 and higher In the Manville technique of the EPA procedure for grid preparation the entire procedure takes 20 minutes rather that 8 to 16 hours by EPA methods and also aber loss if any is negligible Turing the entire handling and preparation technique blanks are min to verify absence of fibers in refiltered Class 100 Clean Room and is filtered acetone and refiltered distilled water systems as well as washing and cleaning procedures of glass vare Asbestos bers vere not detected in any of the blanks 20 openings traversed in each Two quanti- grids from each sample usually 10 openings each vere used in the fication of asbestos except No. 20 which required only one grid due to uniformly heavy population in all grids prepared The transmission electron microsecpy vas performed by V. E. Wolkodoff and wa se F. D. D'Ovidio who also vided the primary basis did for all the of the analysis work Their reporta protext and data presented in this report | wr v Description of the Three Series Tests ven Pa] yr republicaton The test set up vas assembled in the 300,000 lb testing machine room located in the Product Development Building Two ten ft lengths of 8 in vent duct vere used with a 90 elbow in between Suction in the systen was provided by a 15 H.P. centrifugal blower Air vas taken into the velocity or system within the room and evacuated through a roof vent Air in the system for all tests vas approximately 1600 min Sampling within the duct was done through a 1-1 in hole cut in the side of length the duct 5 ft from the end of the duct connected to the blover of pipe furthest from the air intake Test Series One Series distrbuion This series consisted of two tests the duct The system was purged for commenced for the 2 hour period No general taken during this test The first was with no holes cut about 15 minutes Sampling vas ambient air background sampling in then vas fnoort drilling For the second test two 3-1 in holes were cut in the first duct from the air intake intake pipe One hole was cut on the side of the duct } ft 4 ft from the intake The boles the other was cut in the top of the duct were made by marking the size on the ~ uetwith a 3-1 in template 1/4 in boles around the perimeter knocking the dises free with a hammer and then dressing up the holes with a coarse wood rasp The TRANSITZ removed from the duct the holes were cleaned with a rag to dises vere and the interior of the duct vacuumed out Making . remove loose fiber recommended in the holes with a 1/4 in drill hammer and wood rasp is Confidetal M TRANSITE vent duct installation guide } . JJMMJM Manville Manville Research and Development Center Report No. 425-8-1413 Page 3 The line was then purged for about 15 minutes after which sampling vas done background ae for the 2 hour period However during this test the air ambient background vas sampled at a location about six feet from the intake Test Series Puo This series consisted of two tests identical to the first series vith the following exceptions adh The intake pipe with the holes was replaced by a pipe with no holes The 900 elbow and second pipe remained the same A 3 ft duct and on during length of PVC pipe van assembled onto the intake end of the TRANS A 1-1 in bole was cut 2-1 ft from the intake of the PVC pipe the side This hole vas used for air ambient background testing both tests of the series Test Series Three This series consisted of one test The assembly with the holes cut in the duct from the second series of tests was purged for a period of one week republication and then samples taken for the 2 hour period both from the duct and from republication the FTC pipe for air ambient background republication republication or distribution genral for not Confidential Confidential Confidential OM Manville ' Research and Development Center Report No. 1413 Page 4 atntit Alin thesia RESULTS Ahiatenaie: The results from the three series of tests follows For the first series of tests the types of fiber encountered in each sample are enumerated For the second and third series of tests this refinment was not done and all types of fibers are lurped into one category fibers per cubic meter tae republicaton or distrbuion general for not Confidetal 2 Three in by 10 in Millipore AA 0.5 mm filters were submitted for fiber quantification and characterization by TEM methods in connection with eight TRANSITE pipe air duct testing at RLD Center The three samples are identified as follows No. 1 - Pipe only 68 cubic meters of air captured on Millipore AA Jo 2 - Pipe with holes also with 68 cubic meters filter of air through No. 3 - Ambient Area Background 68 cubic meters on Millipore AA 5. The types of fibers encountered in each sample are chrysotile chrysatile clumps crocidolite amosite and glass Percentages of fiber type follow Chrysotile Fibers Chrysotile Clumps dolite Fibers Amosite Fibers Glass Fibers No. 72.S 1.8 1.8 24.0 0.9 So.2 60.7 14.7 4.9 11.5 8.2 C. Number of fibers or clumps per cubic oeter Chrysotile Chrysotile Clumps Crocidolite Amosite Glass Fibers TOTAL 1o I 3.3 million 120,000 79.000 1.1 million 39.000 4,638,000 To 2 146,000 146,000 35,000 12.000 29,000 20,000 241,000 D. Fiber characterization Refer to Appendix I. JM Manville Research and Development Center Report No. 425-7-1413 Page S Test Series mro - Results 1. Description of Samples Description collected on Millipore AA filter media Tumber Description Volume Rest Date 1538 1538 1538 1538 Test 1 - Ambient ALT Test 1 = In air duet Test 2 - Ambient air Test 2 - In air duct with boles 64.6 64.6 64.6 64.6 7/21/79 7/12/79 7/11/79 7/11/79 2 Results and two signs limits assuming Poisson's distribution and statistics apply republicaton or distrbuion general for not aSoke. Confidetal 5AB fe Sample No. Fibers Per 3 Two Sime Limits Lover Upper Asbestos clumps LA 15,5008 15,5008 0 32,000 1T 78,000 43,000 | 113,000 2A 43,000 17,000 | 69.000 ZT 475,000 353,000 606,000 11.7002 31,000 19,000 85,000 Clumps are not taken into total calculation by EPA methods but are reported separately Fiters detected in 20 grid openings ^ or less are so low that EPA would not quantify but rather assign NSS designation acronym for not significant statistically 3. Number of reid openings selected at random and number of fibers and clurps verified as asbestos Sample Ro 39 39 36 36 Grid Openings 20 20 20 10 Fibers Verified * - 20 11 61 Clumps Verified 4 8 11 JM Manville Research and Development Center Report No. 1413 Page 6 4. Sample 70. 14 Average Diazeter 0.3536 L< 0.0520 2A 0.1492 0.1492 20 0.0465 Range in diameter 0.0166 to 1.1440 1.1440 0.0166 to 0.3744 0.0166 to 0.4160 0.0104 to 0.4160 Average Leath 6.604 0.856 5.956 0.921 Range In Learth 0.520 to 14.476 14.476 0.104 to 2.912 0.104 to 31.616 0.104 to 14.768 14.768 Test Series Three - Results 1 Number Description Tolize 3 Test Cate republicationrepublication 34 Test 3. Ambient Air 64.6 8/8/79 3T Test 3. In Air Duct 66.6 8/8/79 republication with holes republication fi flResults and tyre signa Maits for asbestos ^...bersassuming Folasen's or distribution and statistics apply distribution distributiondistribution Sample Fibers Two Sigms Limits Asbestosl distribution To Per 3 Lower Upper clumps distribution genral fon for ites ---- 62,000 31,000 | 3,000 3T 307,000 307,000 233,000 | 376,000 19,000 35,000 notnot Note Fibers refer to attached end free fibers of asbestos all types Behanfc Confidential sab ae AA a Confidential aNd 10 Ay JM Manville Research and Development Center Report No. 1413 Page T 3. Sample No. 3A 3T Blank Grid Openings 20 20 20 Sibena Verified 037 037 037 Clumps Verified S NA NA Characteristics sf Asbestos Fibers in Micrometers Character Fi ibes rs tics Sample No. Average Diameter Range in meter Average Length Range in Length ---- 3T 0.1267 0.0782 0.015 to 0.374 0.011 to _ 1.352 1.99 2.07 0.42 to 11.85 0.10 to 18.75 republicaton or distrbuion general for not Confidetal JM Manville Research and Development Center Page 8 COMMENTS A. All asbestos fibers vere verified by electron diffraction patterns and energy dispersive spectrometry for chemistry of elements of atomic number 11 and higher Class fibers amorphous vere not counted Fibers neither asbestos or glass vere encountered but sot Identified and are not included in the counts If optical methods were to be employed under the best possible conditions e.g. 1000X oil immersion lens of aperture green light source just above ultra and Kohler or Nelsonian type illumination on very high numerical violet wavelength these samples the asbestos fibers in Sample No. A vould not be detected resolvability dependent on diameter and act length and an estimated 1 percent of the total could be detected in Sample 3o 3T and these would be of republication the the amphibole chrystile asbestos type In to case optically would any of type asbestos be detected since these are fibrillar republication in nature republication By our studies over the last five years it can be demonstrated republication that for every fiber in samples of this type that is detected optically there are at least 10,000 fibers which can only be or detected and verified by transmission electron microscopy distribution T. Sxamination by light microscopy using the BIOSE recommended method revealed no detectable fibers distribution general Rae for not alee Confidential ele Confidential 4 iz ' 4 4 4 3 y an?ba ~oy2 s '2 = a generaldistributiondistributiondistributiondistribution orrepublicationrepublicationrepublicationrepublicationOo 5_ '5=5 a $wd Zz6 =? a 9 :bic}al m & om ae ation wleturg ws ae oT) earre) PIPE {EL PUT PIPE C A re etuty a FI es | espeace] coat | fosaepomsyg1m ov 3 ate tre PTE 3 RT _pe | 2, iupPrenhd LateTete acre arealVAT fifififl ---- fi fi fifi fl Longthz Bange ) SP] 3.248 0435 0.15 1 wire SCT 3.248. 31411 waste 31410.778 | 0.2008 . | 187 4.180dened, . 8.6431 Ste X1aNtd Mt beets6.702 =. 1.09 6.702 oreB 1699 we)61 | #0 Hous ) tte EL ET i PHRLOVEUD a 0vo.Kn6qu3rsip wield oerree .s 8 case irs areents oonNee | | | seiererehadbel Ly ot] ore MOF a Sal eseua304 Liebe 7 tet cre] a wo]HOW < wree] T mequnsrge Jou Ja*] 7] OTL ~ fenuapljTD eyrsivT ane = ceT@red teeBites wre i 4 | || fg apet eee re me] seeqyp : an2 eng tE Bete , t S os, i JM Manville Research and Development Center Report No. 1413 Page 10 republication republication or distribution distribution ten foot lengths of 8 in TRANSITE vent duct with 90 elbow 8 in stevenson couplings used through out note 3-1 in bole in duct second hole is in far side of duct for not Confidential Confidential Confidential | ee Tae JM Manville Research and Development Center Report No. 1413 Page 11 . - Ss republication " ft - . it va cs or Be ake = a distribution distribution distribution distribution Equipment used to sample air stream inside the duct genral Note centrifugal blower in background for I not not : Confidenial ae sae ai : r Pee wo ee Sa *** *** hows tase? , . 8.0202 fe Aw ** 1 t daa e @ (Les. ... 48 mor) bas bee ose see dee eee ase oes bee oad gaa aaa dee ota Ge Se ye084 hee Oe,Cata. He an Cd ba e Reeds eo Barede sss aee aos we ded 6.200 erst todo wre hee o0e 466 oee one ore aed ne pep mon Pe Pa dn Oy Othee one tre \ ots obe Hae ose ans ees aerss aes Dew ley Aare . eee fi.e328 one ek ... tome Transite 5.3208 ... oes ... == ade ees AOST8.A 0886 Mea re eee BN dee Prvemueye evgt 3, 2255 aa ove 8 ase . oe oR 06 Diewabtet 8632; am oebe vee one ley nie 738 vee 7 .. . Fiber Chorucienzation Chorucienzation 23 Transite pipe Air dust says -- -- 4 Chrysotile Fibers "4 7 . in Alm te 444 ' Alm t t *** ee *** 2 *** & *** ^' *** 4.2420 646 2.8523 a $ i *** tie rT) i vee < one 468 *** ^' *** iy *** : 400 : *** : . te dhe *** ada 5.0000 444 2 lap Amphibole Fibers in un Dom . Reannt *** ** ind 116 bee *** *** ees 0.1955 0.1955 ** 2.3744 2.3744 2.3744 *** 2.4150 *** Leap tony 2.41501.7880 1.7880 +44 2.0340 Ate. 2.034 2.00 340 *** 1.3730 Avry leve1.3l 730 1.e3730 444 . De Naveyt 22..00116 65 5 *** 0.0086 444 2500 3TD d^m - 2500 *** STD & 2.5593 *** Loughe 6.4160 *** 21.7520 180 Avg Daine 2223 *** STD Dimens 2223 *** Sip miste 2.6258 oa 2.6258 ee a a Ee ileal atthe . Tiher derization derization hour liTnrisile pipe Air duct Amphibole Amphibole Amphibole fiber 48,000X 48,000X | LY a. 228, ^'n 16.0040 16.0040 16.0040 d^'e . 0833 pee 0833 0833 bee : 342318*** *** 4.7240 | 7 : - j WALL ae vi ae (cashod No oh vs Test Ce like . Proa Field " PM Manville sInternal Correspondence =F N g ae / H ANK GOODSPELD & Date MAY 7 1979 from D.R. CHRISTENSEN & , fom G.D. THALLOW 1-06 Subject ASBESTOS EMISSIONS TRANSITE AIR DUCT Following is a brief outline including basic equipment and facilities of the testing program for Transito Air Duct for asbestos emissions 1 LOCATION A. Prime canidate for the location is the Research and Development Center Ambient air sampling must be done prior to our Duct evaluation to determine if the background is suitable 13 Alternate site - to be determined from the ambient air sampling be needed A garage or outside environment Ausy 2 TEST SET Open to atmosphere not closed system A. To consist of two 10 sections of Air Duct 1 One set up to contain a 90 elbow properly installed as it would be in the field 2. Possibly a second set with a straight section of duct only B. Obtain a blower assembly capable of producing the necessary air velocities some type of dampr toi . flow 1 Check with Dick Himes ho may know of a blower that could be used for this project C. Possibility of some cuts should be made in the duct system as it would have been done in the field application 2 J. ANALYSIS =: A. Transmission Electron Microscope TEM x P 1. Fiber sizing A. Length ; B. Diameter . x. H. Optical Microscope 1. cc Fiber Count - Pn Belts or . fo aa) > wea alle, , Baa aei ind hana a wo gar fe he I JM Manville To E. M. Fenner - 1-06 From V. E. Wolkodoff D Snare ee Re ee PIDE FIELD TESTS Internal Correspondence Date August 14 1979 Copies See End of Correspondence Subject IPD SERVICE 3104. TRANSITE PIPE AIR DUCT EVALUATION FOR AIRBORNE ASBESTOS BY TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY M79-168 TESTING DONE IN PD BUILDING 1 Please refer to my letter of July 30 1979 M79-153 to P. Leineweber on and direct transfer similar subject and in technique for TEM grid which the filter media scribed preparation are deSamples were collected by D. R. Christensen and are identified as follows Number ---- -- -- Description Test 3 Ambient Air Test 3 In Air Duct with holes Volume Py 64.6 66.6 Test Data 5/8/79 8/8/79 2 Results and two sigma limits for asbestos fibers assumiog Poisson's distribution and statistics apply Sample Fiber 2 signa limits , No. per Fiber Lower Upper Asbestos f clumps 34 62,000 31,000 93,000 19,000 --> 307,000 307,000 238,000 | 376,000 85,000 85,000 Note Fibers refer to unattached and free fibers of anbestos all types Number of grid openings selected at random and fibers and clumps verified as asbestos number of rav data Sample No. 3A 32 Blank Grid Openings 888 888 888 Fibers Verified 16 79 Clumps Verified <ER <ER mo E. M. Fenner - 1-06 -2- August 14 1979 4 Characteristics of Asbestos Fibers in Micrometers Sample No. ---- Average Diameter 0.1167 Range in Diameter 0.016 to 0.374 Average Length 1.99 Range in Length 0.42 to 11.8 4 oe 0.0782 0.011 to 1.352 2.07 0.10 to 48.7 y . 5. TEM Regatives on File Sample No. Negative Nos ---- 0696 22,000x 22,000x 0695 48,000x 0696 ( 6,000x taina, 0697 ( 8,000 0698 48,000x hitnihea Other negatives are on file for Sample Ma 3T but were being developed or washed at time of writing this report However these negatives will be logged in the TEM Negative NB and will be available for your use if you so wish 6 Comments a. All asbestos fibers were verified by electron diffraction patterns and energy dispersive spectrometry for chemistry of elements of atomic number 11 and higher b Class fibers amorphous were not counted . Fibers neither asbestos or glass were encountered but not identified and are not included in the counts d If optical methods were to be cuployed under the best possible conditions e.g. 100x oil immersion lens of very high numerical aperture green light source just above ultra violet wavelength and Kohler or Nelsonian type illumination on these samples the asbestos fibers in Sample No. 3A would not be detected resolvability dependent on diameter and not . length and an estimated 1 percent of the total could be detected in Sample No. 3T and these would be of the amphibola asbestos type In no case optically would any of the chry- . sotile type asbestos be detected since these are fibrillar in nature a : 7 Sa 7 } te se cS zz . : - 4 E. M. Fenner - 1-06 -3- August 14 1979 , 6. cont'd - e By our studies over the last five years it can be demon- strated that for every fiber in samples of this type that is detected optically there are at least 10,000 fibers which can only be detected and verified by transmission electron microscopy Confirmation of our observations are in a publication by Ontario Research Foundation but not issued at this time due to political sensitivity of the subject EPA techniques by electron microscopy vs NIOSH techniques relying on phase contrast or optical mineralogy techniques possible f If you need more information for your report not covered in this letter please let me know as soon as E. V. E. Wolhoff Wolkodaff Wolhof F. D'Ovidio F. D'Ovidio few ton ce J. P. Leineweber G. L. Swallow D. R. Christensen H. Goodspeed J. F. Here 1-06 1-06 & & RAD C. J. Sulewski P. E. Dix S. Speil 8. B. Spencer D Information File 259 Center NB 5059 pgs 17,23 TEM tally sheets on file NB TEM 7801 pg 24-25 26 27 tees eates iflewe cel Bah eae 4, , PM NN PM Manville Type- Please Rush > | Internal Correspondence Py we D.F. Christensen Christensen Fto Date 6/26/79 From V.E. Halkikift Halkikift Halkikift Copies H. Good sere .M France France ee Fe ah S. Spoil R.D a AHn s.C. Spencer JP JP Lemnewer Lemnewer ban 1.06 Subject Tymsite Pipe Hir Duct Trots at D Complex q Analyses Analyses TEM by JPD JPD Sales / Service 3104 ; 179-114 179-114 4 by i A. The E ' 10 Milline Mil ine Milline AA Co 0gm fictive fictive j 697 submittin submittin submittin for filer quantification quantification Flas pom chactivation chactivation chactivation Eight with with Transite Transite by TEM tipe air methods i fan mcd ies duct duct testing at Ran Rann D Center 74 -- --, ------ -- ---- ------ -- ---- -- ---- -- ---- -- yi identi identi fish a follows follows No. 1. Na 2 No. 3 Pipe caly be cutic Pipe with holeholses also Ambient Ambient Ambient Area Backgrounds meters of with 62 Backgrounds , air captured captured m Milligan Milligan Hi of his cubic inators through filter F ; 68 cubic cubic meters MillMiilliggne ne AA : a for The ----"-- -- Inges of encountered encountered encountered ... ----"-- -- -- -- ----...----,--"-- ---- The Inges clumps crecidalite ampsite ampsite and Inges choychoyrartive ative clumps , chryptide are chryptide hijo follow B files Carzonlagen Carzonlagen Carzonlagen hijo ; glass of glass No 2- No. 3 3 wens eee No. Chrysolite Chrysolite Lies 71.5 60.7 | 51,4 ; Chrysefil Chrysefil Chrysefil Clumps . 1.8 1.8 _ 14.7 14.7 a 7.6 Chrysefil Tobers Aworite Tobers Glass Fibres 1.8 210 4.7 14.5 an 5.1 23.1 .. 12,8 ws sis silt EhaaePEats Ore I wer fibers fibers C. C. Number Number of or clumps clumps clumps clumps clumps per cubic meter 4 ai chsh No 1 No 2 flo 3 Chrysotile Chrysotile 3,3 million Chrysatile Chrysatile clumps clumps 120,000 120,000 Crocidolite 79,200 79,200 . Amosite Amosite 1.1 million d Glass fibers 39.000| 4 ; Totals 4,653 4,653 146,060 146,060 79 800 i. 35,000 35,000 12,000 _ 12,046 , 8,000 38,000 74,000 - 35,000 35,000 20,000 - 241,000 - 154,000 154,000 | | D. Fiber CharacterCharciterizatizon aCharcteizaontCiharacoteriznation wore eee a4 eee Bo el ae eee eee eee ste a 2.2.1 # FS q i 5 * 3% 5 V.E. WolkodoWolkodof f_f. en ee ad ws eee ee ee a ee pee ee m eee re ee we ne ne a ae ree es ee oe nee en ee - = te wre eee ne em ae NB 5057. pyo 6-15 plus - - - ae - - - ween re ee ee ee - ere a ee ne vs ~ nr er) + = e rs wee tn ae wee ee ee =< - oa ce ne Ce ere - a eee te oe ee ae gt we mm me ee ee eee Seeman se me me . Ses nia thd Pea we Bale pholaahhtaaalrlinsdinbewinbiaslaans 4 ep pe^' ' | ores | 4 : oF easel | ra op [shot ord para) | otgko anh og 8) tad. oe | ha\ roa cgpudt0 mt jaggy ve : Moo boy E (O i LADA aLLotIaVYvds sats i es gra eL- . . I A : poy i ' 1 rot { q 0.1872 0.1872 1 8.4160 td i roy t 0.6 5 14.327 14.327 ' a arin fopotoe en Ppoee i, Pot to ta to 0.2912 0.2912 i 10.3744 r. wy soe ar 19.052 Fon i : | | ue 2 ty Vealist | { Vealistie Vealistie , i a | tanec t . ' 1 i ' fi tahdd i _ _ ho ' { H wer 1 i : : lou a ' ' . \ 4 . : 4 yf : : L | eth | { Pag 1 i a fog i . , 2 aiitpryven of a rerey Moe sf | i | V | + Prag roby Ft , e rac 5% Ae AA2 *<O! G24 eset wee | FesTT t ob ophet | Tend rrese ee | ee neet oe tg op) | | O | VN i Sere y, (fi, wawe B97 ng [tHE Se [storie gi Fee, a3n'o __ ee 99089 | Ae fp taht ae | Deb E/ ork g's WAS aT , eeOr Ge ee ed 23990 "# jowsl se lmao 7 | ot ).s8 725 'h fe COLO atio yeLo'd a i Tet a elo, ae . Hh ist L909 oreo | tne vA ve [TMS] ee [hvac PR Sea tf id 6 id pe 1 ee my Ts als mS Ce Els | haar : ren y capo seo'eal teporo) 1 HERO al tea ned i) ae srbeny eqebaey | Ary brepmeng trtwegy gp oon febory Ny [> t | teeg vbw [t Apert 1 Aan wubueg] Say Lovey Ra ylearbur, hey g : 5 aprteets ' { : j mt i, : \ > per eee ae ee . ede, porn mh = eee f . cee" ro. wor tahwe er = io Ftd AY ti WHLGSTIMALOIVIID AS ; \ | GE FTL tenia ws . Ea nae M - M Manville -* temas. ~ oe ta P eceet e ihs tol Pape FIELD TEST Internal Correspondence R. Christensen D Date July 3 1979 . E. Wolkodoff & Copies E. M. Fenner J. P. Leineweber B. Goodspeed - 1-06 - 1-06 - & S. Speil atta 5. ~- & Spencer - D Subject TRANSITE PIPE AIR DUCT TESTS AT & COMPLEX ANALYSES BY TEM IPD SERVICE 3104 M79-114 A. Three 8 in by 10 in Millipore AA 0.8 ...mfilters were submitted for fiber quantification and characterization by TEM methods in connection with eight TRANSITE pipe air duct testing at R Center The three samples are identified as follows No. 1 - Pipe only 68 cubic meters of air captured on Hillipore AA No. 2 - Pipe with holes also with 68 cubic meters of air through filter No. 3 - Ambient Area Background 68 cubic meters on Millipore AA The types of fibers encountered chrysotile clumps crocidolite of fiber type follow in each amosite sample are and glass chrysotile Percentages No. 1 Ro 2 No. 3 Chrysotile Fibers Chrysotile Clumps Crocidolite Fibers 71.5 1.8 1.8 60.7 16.7 4.9 51.4 7.6 3.1 Amosite Fibers Glass Fibers 24.0 0.9 11.5 8.2 23.1 12.8 al Number of fibers or clumps per cubic meter pas Chrysotile Chrysotile Clumps Crocidolite Amosite Class Fibers TOTAL No.1 3.3 million 120,000 79,000 1.1 million 39.000 4,638,000 No. 2 146,000 35,000 35,000 12,000 28,000 28,000 20,000 241,000 241,000 No. 3 79,000 79,000 12,000 8,000 35,000 35,000 20,000 154,000 154,000 wd , Pree Fim tcteind aia ita eats Sina cette D. R. Christensen -2- July 3 1979 D. Fiber Characterization Refer to Table I. Wolterhoff E. V. E. Wolkodoff k.m 7. vidio P. D'Ovidio NB 5059 pgs 6-15 plus TEM tally sheets &) TABLE 1 FIBER CHARACTERIZATION INCH C PIPE Average an Sample | Diameter ogNo. m 1 0.0248 g Z 0.0456 e 3 3 0.0356 Chrysotile Diameter Avg Length | Average Range Length | Range Diameter fo 10 1 0.0125 to 0.693 0.104 to 0.0989 0.0833 3.333 0.0104 to 0.3120 1.715 0.166 to 11.856 0.4160 0.0105 0.0105 0.0832 1.513 0.104 0.104 9.568 0.2912 Crocidolite Diameter Range m AvB Length | Average Length | Range Diameter a = 0.0833 to 0.1143 0.625 0.521 to 0.729 0.2864 0.1872 to 0.8320 2.288 2.080 to 2.496 , 0.3462 0.108 0.108 0.108 2.392 2.980 2.980 2.980 0.1935 Claus Amosite Diameter | AVE Length | Average | Diameter | AVS Length Range Length | Range | Diameter | Range Length { Range :) " = 3 n a 2 0.0833 0.625 1> 3.262 1> to to 1 * 1 >1 > t * 2.6667 35.411 0.0728 to 0.8320 4.160 0.728 to 13.936 0.6656 0.2080 to 1.0400 4.376 14.227 to 35.776 0.1566 0.1566 0.1566 6.7020-780-698 6.7020-780-698 6.7020-780-698 6.7020-780-698 6.7020-780-698 0.1664 to 1.2680 2.288 19.052) 3, 25.792 Too few fibers for realistic characterization . ce Fiber Characterizatuuri Characterizaturi Characterizatuuri Transite pipe Air duct 3T Chrysotile Chrysotile fibers AT 4800x Vi WeWnt ent 1 342713 342713 342713 00..8811 ** *** *** 146 0.0.34 0.0.34 ote 0.2042 273 *** 0.3744 gos labeidabci 327218 327218 tit <.73he 197 0.0166 ttt 0.3080 aha 0.0168 ttt 8.1456 8.1456 *** 521070 *** 4.8803 *** 0.7416 *** i. #8ee *** 01 *** 0309 *** 8.0486 ott 1.8423 440 3.8624 *** G54 aus 2020 6.53006.5300 *** 3.8325-444 3.8325-444 3.3744 OUT fet 8 220 6. S 2.8780 2.8780 *** 022678 022678 6.3238 *** ** 2372 *** 2.0166-4 ** 6.5240 *** 30 0 bee s aw 8.0826 4.848 ous 3 2023 *** ey 111 2813 *** 2.3744 2.3744 0.0416 2.08382.0838 0.0523 0.0523 1.5608 1.5608 937318 0.4 50 2.2004 2.3838 2.3838 1810 2.1870 2.1870 2.1870 8.0003 ZUBIND ZUBIND 2.0288 8.3828 3.1458 ******* 3912 2.1672 2.1672 012 ... tet ** $34 Jaa *** 188 *** aaa *** *** 444 607312 ** 315 9 2.1455 2.1455 0.0906 817379 307012 ate 0.6248 ne * 2.0623 Length uwtyt 4 8.1248 6.3568 *** Swanage lastkom 2235 Q Q e242) lg, __1.7735 __1.7735 een ree ees Pivots ddoaath. Chrysotile Fibers in um **** 08 wa toad 6.8038 *** sas 201 44 aaa *** baa tt *** *** iced Ravint ... 957312 0.0086 Ramala 48 1.7500 1.7500 *** Avg Dawn 6.676.677777 Away lauglhaugehe 4.3073 188 tae cecre STD Din 0.2571 444 0.2571 444 san oss hata eee CLEA ow ' "- eee. 2.4150 *** 0935 *** . . ' Ave. Diana -0.2340 *** Ang -1.1-1.170 7-10.17000 444 STD Dim 2560 *** STD mem 0.5593 ** ~ 4 a . All measurements AT 48,000x Trans: fe Charcterization Charcterization Charcterizkationn pipe duct duct 27 Amphibole fiber 48,000X 48,000X )j um *** 444 as tit ang .3520 bag iatendcits Laufle C.EsED ag Range 0.728 tag Aury 14.5352 *** Any length _ 34,5252 ane takam STD takam 20.000 *** STD takam 20.7208 oe Tt ee alr abinde 2 nerd ae rll nae 7 JM Manville aii. Pire FIELD TEST Internal CorrespondenCorcespondencee E.M. FENNER 11-06 FromD.R FromD.R CHRISTENSEN D Date AUG 10 1979 ~, CopesJ.P CopesJ.P LEINEWEBER 1-06 ; 1-06 G.L. SWALLOW | H. GOODSPEED & Subject TRANSITE AIR DUCT - FIBER CONCENTRATION ASBESTOS PIBER EMISSIONS DETERMINATION VIA OSHA PECAM 239 OPTICAL Three tests consisting of two samples each have been analyzed via the CAM 239 NIQSH method for the determination of * fiber concentration These six samples are taken from the same filters as those analyzed by V.E. Wolkodoff in his EM work IDENTIFICATION CONCENTRATION CC 3H ambient air blank 3H in air duct SN SN ---- 3M 0.02 0.02 0.11 0.07 0.07 0.11 RESULTANT CC in AIR DUCT 0.00 0.00 0.04 * Actually a negative number 3 e ve Sk D.R. CHRISTENSEN 7 vine bis blaegnr vile SP A agit + io ! To E. Fenner 1006 .2 From V.E. Wolkodoff R . August August 12 1977 Copics C. SulewskSuleiwski R J. P. weber 1-06 G.L. Swallow 1-06 D.R. Christensen R H. Good speed R . ; P. Dix J.F. Herr R R S. Speil R 5.B. 5.B. Spencer ; D R Informatio Gator Fitz 259 Subject IPD SALES SERVICE 3104 TRANSITE TRANSITE PIPE : Air Duct Evaluation For AIRBORNE AIRBORNE ASBESTOS By TRANSMISSION TRANSMISSION Electron MICROSCOPY TESTING DONE IN PP BUILDING BUILDING . M79-168 M79-168 report of July Phase refer h ----l,et--ter - M79-153M79-153 .to J. Leineweber 1979 on cimiter subject and which the filter media techniques techniques and direct transfor for TEM grid colectd collected Christensen D.R. D.R. Christensen nine yo a ; ; ; . ~ identified identified follows : bore Description Description Volume m Test Data : ---- Test 3 Ambient Ambient Air 646 8/8/79 4 3T Test In Air Duct = ss CE ' _ i i With Holes 646 8/8/79 Results ! for asbestos fibers 2. and and two signe ficitsficitsassumingassuming Paisson's distribdiusttiroibutio distributio assuming and statisaply taply aippclys Sup Sup Fibrez Two signa signa limits Asbestos etc x NI pee m > Lowey Vyper Vyper clumps m -- ---- -- . ^'2, ora 200 =| 93,000 93,000 19 sooo ts 37 317 000 238 *** 376,000 376,000 85,000 85,000 Nate Fibers refer to natened and free fibers of asbestos asbestos all types types , g 3 Number of grid openings , selected at random random and numbearnd clumps verifiade verifiade ty estants raw data Sample Sample No 3A -- Blank Blank Grid Opening 20 ; 20 20 Files Files verified 16 " ND Clumps Clumps Clumps Verified 5 22 22 ND 4. Characteristics Characteristics Characteristics of Asbestos Fibers in Micrometers . er) form jals No. Average Drameter Drameter Reage in Diameter Diameter Avevage Length Length Range in Length Length ---- 0.1167 0.016 t 1.99 42 to 0.374 11.84 3T 0.0782 0.011 to 353 2.87 0.10 0.10 to 48.77 Sample No. ---- i Negative Now 0694 CROX 8695 4802048x020x 3-- i 0697 0648 ( 8,000 ( 48,000K 48,000K Other negativnegeatisves are on fire for Sample No. 37 but warne being let er_report developed or washed at time of will be logged in the TEM Negative NB and available available for your was if you so wish wish j | } | | 6 Comments > a all hastes fibers ware verifien ly electron diffraction diffraction patterns and or energy dispersive dispersive spectrometry for " and and higher _ dr Glass fibers fibers ( amorphows were not counted - c Fibers Fibers neither neither as bestors or glass glass we pare encountered encountered but not identified identified and not included in the counts ; - d If optical optical methods were to be employeda 4 under under the best possible possible conditions conditions , e.g. 100x ord immersion line of very high numerich aperture aperture green light source just above veltra violet wavelength and Kohler w . Nelsonian samples type ilumination illumination , ~ Phoen the atta stentes fibers fibers in in Sample Sample No. 3A Wmla mant be detected resolvability resolvability dependent dependent mm diametru diametdriameutru diametru not lengtlenhgth ) and on detected in these would tuppe In any of the aptartos be Sample No. 3T Chan be of the amphibole asbestos asbestos ---- case , optical y optically would skysstate skysstate chrysotile chrysotile types detected since these v By : fibrilas fibrillas fibrillas in nature : 2. our studies over the last five years it can be mstated that for every every fiber optical y optically there are at least 10,000 films which can only be detected and verifica E by Fransmission Fransmis ion Fransmission election milrascopy milrascopy Confirmation Confirmation s our observations are in a publicatio publicatio Ontario Research Foundation but not sitivity issued politico at this time due politico y Subject issue - EPA EPA techniques techniques electron electron microscopy microscopy microscopy microscopy techniques techniques techniques VS NIOSH day ae techniques relying im phone contrast contrast ow optical optical mineralogy mineralogy techniques . Also the ORF gaublication refers only to filers 5 " micrometers micrometers co) og aee Augth Augth not covered in this letter , please let bre t V.E. V.E. Wolkodoff Wolkodoff F. D'Ovidia NB 5059 Pg 17 224 NB TEM 7801 pgo 24-25 26-27  < ~ ats . . en ere! ce. ' OOMM Manville we . - Fe re te pee ee FIELD TESTS Internal Correspondence To P. Leineweber - 1706 Date July 30 1979 From V. E. Wolkodoff - D Copes E. Fenner H. Goodspeed D. Christensen = 1-06 - D - D 5. Speil attn S. Spencer R Information Center - File 259 7/31 Subject IPD SERVICE 3104. TRANSITE PIPE AIR DUCT EVALUATION FOR AIRBORNE ASBESTOS BY TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY aq M79-153 l. Description of Samples collected on Millipore AA filter media Number Description Volume m Test Date 1A Test 1 - Ambient Air 64.6 7/11/79 1T Test 1 - ^ n air duct 64.6 7/11/79 2A Test 2 - Ambient air 64.6 7/11/79 . 2T Test 2 In air duct 64.6 7/11/79 with holes 2. Filter Media The Millipore A filters measure 8 actual area of deposition for each 227.5 mm by 10 inches and on which the filter measures 175.5 mm by 3 TEM Grid Preparation Gold mesh TEM grids were used throughout the study and individual grid openings measured 89.9 by 89.9 m From the center of each filter a 22 mm diameter out was taken as a representative area The 22 mm out filter was collapsed and clarified by conventional methods and from which three 3.1 mm plugs were cut out to fit the diameter of the TEM gold grids These plugs were created with a thin layer of carbon in the evaporator under vacuum placed carbon coated side down on the TEM grids exposed to methyl ethyl ketone fumes to soften clarified filter and fix asbestos fibers in situ The filters fixed on the TEM grids were then placed in a reflux unit cold finger for about 20 minutes in the cuff zone of hot acetone fumes to remove organic material and leaving fibera fixed in place The TEM grids were placed again in the evaporator for another thin coating of carbon for sandwich effect of fibers between two layers of carbon The rudimentary parts of this technique and methods used in counting and verifying asbestos fibers are similar to Tentative Procedure for Detection and Evaluation of Asbestos Fibers by C. Anderson et al EPA Research and B 4 4 F i - Be. * ay - a : Sa i rc - a J. Leineveber - 1-06 -2- July 30 1979 Development Division Athens Georgia The Philips 400 TEM unit was used in this study and magnifications from 1,500 up to 100,000 100,000 were used for cursory study uniformity of distribution artifacts rips in carbon if any uniformity of carbon film depositions and other check out procedures The nominal magnification employed in traversing each grid opening completely was 48,000 X and each fiber was positively identified by either electron diffraction patterns and energy dispersive spectronetry for chemistry of ions of atomic number 11 and higher In the Manville technique of the EPA procedure for grid preparation the entire procedure takes 20 minutes rather than 8 to 16 hours by EPA methods and also fiber loss if any is negligible During the entire handling and preparation technique blanks are run to verify absence of fibers in refiltered Class 100 Clean Room and in filtered acetone and refiltered distilled vater systems as well as washing and cleaning procedures of glass ware Asbestos fibers were not detected in any of the blanks 20 openings traversed in each Two grids from each sample usually 10 openings each were used in the quantification of asbestos except No. 2T which required only one grid due to uniformly heavy population in all grids prepared Results and two signa limits assuming Poisson's distribution and statistics apply Sample No. 1A 223 223 223 Fiberg per Two Signma Limits Lower Upper 15,500 78,000 43,000 475,000 } ) 43,000 17,000 353,000 | 31,000 113,000 69,000 69,000 606,000 Asbestos clumps 11,700 31,000 31,000 19,000 85,000 Clumps are not taken into total calculation by EPA methods but are reported separately 2Fibers detected in 20 grid openings 4 or leas are so low that EPA would not quantify but rather assign NSS designation acronym for not significant statistically A Number of grid openings selected at randow and number of fibers and clumps verified as asbestos J. P. Leineweber - 1-06 -3- July 30 1979 5 cont'd Sample No. LA IT 2A 2T Grid Openings 20 20 20 2 Fibers Verified 4 20 11 61 - Clumps Verified 5 11 6. Characteristics of Asbestos Fibers in um Sample No. LA IT ZA 2T Average Diameter 0.3536 0.3536 0.0520 0.1492 0.0463 Range in diameter 0.0166 to 1.1440 0.0166 to 0.3744 0.0166 to 0.4160 0.0104 to 0.4160 Average Length 6.604 0.856 5.956 0.924 Range in length 0.520 to 14.476 0.104 to 2.912 0.104 to 31.616 0.104 to 14.768 7. TEM Negatives on File Samples No. LA Regative Bos 0681 8,000x 17 0682 6,000 0683 17,000 ZA 0684 6,000 0685 17,000x 0686 10,500x 2T 0687 28,000 0688 22,000x 0689 17,000x 0690 48,000x 48,000x 0691 48,000 0692 8,000 8,000 F. D'oriD'oriddioiboy VEN km NB 5059 PE 16-21 p usTEM cally sheets - NB TEM 7801 pg 24-25 see eee ee . 4 2 ee ee er 8 el nae ne 2 ? \ F Th / TO pou / ' . ares 7 oes / - g f; | a - 2 r ' MEL sce . | leo pr poe f- Cian aes 5 arta ZA 16 / 5 / Cyan RATE AT 2H SB seli Mme at the re i range of a b fee eet 3A 3A 0.1167 0.167 0.1670.167 0.167 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 - 0.774 0.774 0.774 0.774 154 154 154 0.31 0.31 2 pt, oe the, tht oe Sd eM. ee ee re pa DRED raemeP tS inMGg SRSA SE ie EAE ES n se st, = syst ak ee othe Jad. MY PRRPUEPR EIT OP AO TERATCHRIS 7 a besTahEPDPE?LAaYpe wea wot eee ee ee ee Te Oe a ares RET LS TET eT . - iy a - . a . " a . AM AM Manville 080 Internal Correspondence i To P. Leineweber - 1-06 Date July 30 1979 7. , 4 From V. Wolkodoff - & L. Comes D. Fenner Goodspeed Christensen - 1-06 ~ & ~~ & 5. Spoil attn 5. Spencer ~ & Information Center 2 . Subject IPD SALES SERVICE 3104. FOR AIRBORNE ASBESTOS BY TRANSITE PIPE AIR DUCT EVALUATION TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY M79-153 File 259 7/31 . | 4 of Samples collected on Millipore AA filter media 1 Description Humber Humber Description Volu m Test Date TA Test 1 - Ambient Air 64.6 7/11/79 7/11/79 IT Test 1 - In air duct 64.6 7/11/79 7/1/79 7/11/79 35 Test 2 - Ambient air 64.6 7/11/79 7/11/79 35 Tent Z - In air duct 64.6 64.6 with holes 7/11/79 7/11/79 2 Filter Media The Millipore AA filters measure & actual area of deposition for each by 10 inches and on which the filter measures 175.5 mm by 227.5 = * 3. TEM Grid Preparation indi- Gold mesh TEM grids were used throughout the study and From the center of vidual grid openings measured 89.9 by 89.9 takiemn as a representative each filter a 22 mm diameter out was maw The 22 an cut filter was collapsed and clarified by con- area were cut out ventional methods and from which three 3.1 men plugs to fit the diameter of the TEM gold grids These plugs were created vacuum placed eral with a thin layer of carbon in the evaporator under ise coated side down on the TEM grids exposed to methyl ethyl carbon asbestos fibera Ap ketone fumes to soften clarified filter and fix in te in situ filters fixed on the Th^< grids were then placed The minutes in the cuff a reflux unit cold finger for about 20 material and leaving Va zone of hot acetone fumes to remove organic fibers fixed in place The TEM grids were placed again in the for another thin coating of carbon for sandwich effect evaporator of fibers between two layers of carbon The rudism'ntary parts of varilying varilying asbestos this technique and methods used in counting and fibers are similar to Tentative Procedure for Defection EPA EP EPA A and Evalu- et and ation of Asbestos Fibers by C. Anderson al EPA Research rs 4 y ; . iq 5 ~ q | pe : yy is < Ks. z P. Leineweber - 1-06 -2- July 30 1979 Division Development Development Athens Georgia The Philips 500 TEM unit was used in this study and magnifications from 1,500x up to artifacts distribution 100,000 100,000 were used rips in for cursery study uniformity of carbon if any uniformity of carbon film depositions and other check out procedures The nominal mag- nification employed in traversing each grid opening completely was 48,000 X and each fiber was positively identified by either electron diffraction patterns and energy dispersive spectro- metry for chemistry of ions of atomic number II and higher In the Manville technique of the EPA procedure for grid preparation the entire procedure takes 20 minutes rather than & to 16 hours by EPA methods and also fiber loss if any is negligible During the entire handling and preparation technique blanks ate run to verify absence of fibers in refiltered Glass 100 Clean Room and in filtered acctane and refiltered distilled water systems as well as washing and cleaning procedures of glass ware Asbestos fibers were not detected in any of the blinks 20 openings traversed in each Two grids from each sample usually 10 openings each were used in the quantification of asbestos except No. 2T which required only one grid due to uniformly heavy population in all grids prepared Results Resultsand two signa limits assuming Poisson's distribution and statistics apply Sample No. IA 1T ZA 2T Fibers perm Two Sigma Limits Lower Upper 15,500 78,000 78,000 43,000 475,000 0 31,000 43,000 17,000 353,000 | 113,000 69.000 69.000 606,000 Asbestos clumps 11,700 31,000 19,000 85,000 85,000 Clumps Clumps are not taken into total calculation by EPA methods but are reported separately ribers ribers detected in 20 grid openings 4 or less are so low That EPA would not quantify but rather assign NSS designation acronym for not significant statistically Number of grid openings selected at random and number of fibers and clumps verified as asbestos She ' P. Leineweber - 1-06 -3- July 30 1979 5. cont'd Sample No. IES IES IES R Grid Openings 20 9 20 10 Fibers Verified 4 20 11 61 Clumps Verified 6 Characteristics of Asbestos Fibers in m Sample No. Average Vinster Range in diameter Average Length 1A 0.3336 0.0166 to 1.1440 6.604 IT 0.0520 0.0166 to 0.3744 0.856 2A 0.1492 0.1492 2T 0.0465 0.0166 to 0.4160 0.0104 to 0.4160 5.956 0.924 Ringe in length 0.520 to 14.476 0.104 to 2.912 0.104 to 31.616 0.104 to = 14.768 7. TEM Negatives on File Samples Ko 1A Negative Nos 0681 8,000x 8,000x it 0682 6,000 0683 17,000x 2A ; 2T V. E. Wolkodof km 0684 6,000 0685 17,000 0686 10,500x : 0687 0689 0691 28,000 17,000 17,000 48,000x 0688 0640 0692 22,000x 48,000 48,000 8,000x F. D'ovidio F. D'Ovidio by VEN NB 5059 ^ gs 16-21 plus TEM tally sheets N^ TEM 7801 pgm 24-25 . f ; 3 ; ; a 7 = x aa t 5 fe ' JM Manville Internal Correspondence t D. R. Christensen - D Date July 3 1979 Tucum E. Walkodoff -- & E. M. Fen - 1-06 S. Speil - R . Cores J. P. Leineweber - 1-06 atta S. Spencer - R 11. Goodspeed - & 3 CCS Subiect TRANSITE ANALYSES PIPE AIR BY TEM DUCT TESTS AT D COMPLEX IPD SERVICE 3104 479-114 A. Three 8 in by 10 in Millipore AA 0.8 mfilters were submitted for fiber quantification and characterization by TEM methods in connection with eight TRANSITE pipe air duct testing at D Center The three samples are identified as follows No. Mhe 1 2 - Pipe only 68 cubic meters of air captured on Millipore AA Pipe with filter holes also with 68 cubic meters of air through No. 3 Ambient Area Background 68 cubic meters on Millipore AA fh. The types of fibers encountered in each sample are chrysotile a amosite and glas6 Percentages Be chrysotile clumps crocidolite 3 - of fiber type follow No. 1 No. 2 No. 3 7% Chrysotile Fibers 71.5 60.7 51.4 3 Chrysotile Clumps Crocidolite Fibers 1.8 1.8 14.7 4.9 7.6 5.1 Amosite Fibers 24.0 11.5 23.1 Class Fibers 0 8.2 12.8 C. Number of fibers or clumps per cubic meter No.1 No. 2 No. 3 79,000 Chrysotile 3.3 million 146,000 - Chrysotile Clumpa 120,000 35,000 35,000 12,000 Crocidolite 79,000 79,000 12,000 8,000 3 Amosite 1.1 million = 28,000 35,000 35,000 3 Class Fibers 39.000 39.000 20,000 20,000 20,000 4 TOTAL 4,638,00 4,638,000 241,000 154,000 154,000 TN REE ee rT Eee nee TTR Eon ET Ug mm wre eg Se ee tr re avs 2a Fe TY a qm tt > a apes t a ae cathe . H 4 | | | I \ 1 X Qiristensen Yo Eater Characterization Refer to Tible 1 Wolkerdoff Wolkerdoff 7 E. | VE Nolkodoff | k wel pt anak aja deciplc ermt inba eh cto, 2 i pratt hum ie padi wa -- July 3 1979 t. . q ; a Equidio f Equidio Equidio Equidio F. D'Ovidio N 5059 pxs 6-15 plus TEM tally sheets der har red red TABLE 1 FIBER CHARACTERIZATION INCH A PIPE Sample No. 1 2 3 Average Diameter = 0.0248 0.0456 0.0456 0.0356 Chrysotile Diameter Avg Length Range | Length Range T id TEL | 0.0125 0.0125 693 to : 0 0833 | 0 104 10 333 0.0104 to 0.3120 1.715 , 0.166 to 11.856 0.0104 to 0.0832 | 1.513 0.104 to 9 568 Average Diameter m 0.0989 41461060 7 Crocidolite _ | Diameter Avg _ Average ene wees te Dia ter Avg Range m Length m 0.0833 to 0.1145 | 0 625 Diameter _ Mi 0 2864 Range Cenetb 2 ts 0833 5 to tf| 1 6667 i 252 | | | _ Range 0.625 tv 35411 | 0.1872 | to 0 8320 2.288 2.288 2 080 to 2496 2496 0.3462 0.3462 0.0728 0.0728 to | 08120 08120 A 160 | | 0.7280.728 | to 3.936 i PE Biameter Biameter | ee l 1 Ls 0.5656 4p 02080 0022008800 to 1.0400 0.2912 0.2912 0.2080 to 0.3744 2.392 : 2 050 to 2.704 0.2935 | 0.1664 to 0.5200 6.702 0 728 to 17.472 0 6698 0 1664 co 2 1.2480 Too few fibers for realistic characterization Ix * | | 4.5764.576 4.5746.576 14.227 14.227 to 135-776 135-776 ' 2 258 19.052 to +25 792 : og m8 eo si ! { - # a 3 ae g 4 : i ae 4 <R OF ieatl aa ies . 4 5 TUT