Document ymEz91Z6N2yrv5mBJxgDpv0VE

rz -*r*: I* loss clear than this notice, It lo duo to the quality of the documant being filmed ________ 0 0 0 5_,3_ r I /. i ~tLo SmmmJ In* C--*-. 0<**^e3 3 * a* o <SQ' ~ 4c 2O mo i z~r*rr e --r* 9 o. oo. a C3 or* I l *4 t l Dor-- *e ft 4ea4c ttn the --doury cuoromiag o--yl cMj i phc-ic--l cap--ino. Th* iut fc*- L materials aed trchoiqoca tar ttabilj of heat --d fight. Such elfecit, H] taf physical ftupcnici wficial l applicHie--i. Ai the ti--e a4 the pvWicatNj it FOR VIN'YL STABILIZERS*^ "empirical art" rather tint a troej of patrti improve--am i the rn^ the tityl plutk --dowry. There l maftiid --ed for plastic quiifc t tod the appticio-- nf vioyl pi-- --dksKd, have brought abuot a las l products. Iihett* peer period fr < it the pftdact-- ami ntwmpttM trapeuve--c-- it iabilinn m l j--gri--thf (he --dowry. Wtw ( The int two tiibnti of the "IXf ore of Wad o--ipns--ds. The prere l a recline mm **>ira4 "DITCH i into-- tt sot isficrad, aoch at it I (scacral ( m--litii--i are practically every type of vioyl ped I (ken 10 year* of active (Ml aod U l *vc ctd--iio program of acce( --t-ddunr vndirrof prupm* I plankiaera aod tcahiliacra ln all ootdem ptaseka research aod dcvc| l Co--pity hat araibMc cu--piece I THTCH BOY" vioyl atahtliacn oio--Hfict -- mm ar--nt beaftcfc o [ he glad to call aod ditcota iedteif 0of oN--oMiLUCLir--inWofcei.-*.UtyMr*rmoiSm 01 DYPHOS* DMT-STPH*AL* ILKCATIMlTOAftir XORUAJAL* rUTtifMtD rU'MB^SIL4 c TMIASe TEXSASOK CO "iky-- r A SmJ A hiAii-ifr>TaX 1*=** ^^ r*i u > u t 11 ( ll l U * 11 ll t Ui ` ll % ll i ll ni r ll 1 1 1 1 n h Dwx *e pm decade, the pfatir* iifarrjr kj groaa rapoffy. That pmm mi the iaim*ry craiamiag wmji chloride Hrwn aad nupnlymtn fcn iiJeurf 4m yfcwtinui npiiiini. Thw hn beta due w -- wuH bk imh to the fnrt^wai af materials aad tcchawpscs for nUlirri-- of wimyi plastics agsiaa 4* hmM dhoi of bril Md lifihi Soch effete if aot omawracicd. U prnmnfr fkago ohr <4 phvttcjt pwptnin MficioM w fmm Me of eiajrl plieio ta daiaMt At the Haw of the pobtkacka of oor origmal "DUTCH DOT HANDIOOK FOR VINYL STABILIZERS'* it 1919, tubiliutM war will aec m ks m "rwpineal art** ruler thaa a irw chemical Kitare. The u mm Umgcf (he case, Wcaaae of Kacnl impeomoam ia the rcsioa, plasikircrt, coinrsati aad luklinnjatUitia Ac viayj pfasik iadtmry, These aaptarruati ia raw mimili fnafhl wish 4m rrenfiiik aetf for plank qaafcty erm--raasritc so the limn, better i iaf the appIkatMM nf viayl planks ia cad-vugc* where the type of i iadkitti hare bwmght ibot a Urge iacwwt ia the prudaetka aad taka of vieyt mia projects. la the lea year period from 194$ I9S5. there lu* beea a (wr*M4 sacscaat ia the prudoctma aad mmuaiptma of riojrl chloride miat lapurnwnH ia Mibilimt aad icahiliecr weha*900 haa kept pace scab At rod* me growth of the iafaitry. We arc pwad a* hare placed a part ia these adra The fine two editmas of the "DUTCH BOY * Sufctlixer Iliadbooh < oar of lead roipoafi. The peewaa rfitMi haa breo iacrrawf ia stupe, ad iaddtt a acciom oa m-lcad "DUTCH BUT* stabilisers for appiicattoaa where lead enhiL icatka at a* iadkaaed,iech a* ia dear ar highly traestacaniiacki. Geacral fntmalnium are pita hr a wide eerier? of id applk practically every type of riayt pdrt This capamoa of die prtsca Sect* 10 yrart f active Held aad libnaiy cspcrkace, aad is hacked by a Mi 4 sire evataaake program f aiikiad afar iraiag, paralleled ip M-of-dHoe weariicriag prograak* Thw ant program kvdvcs the niiaiia w plankkcr* aad subskeen Irma all irritable world mats heps wrta ia a aadera planks tewarch aad dtuWpawi laboatwey. la additwm, the Kaim Cumpiay has available tomplcir wvhakal servke Ubriorkv for the api DITCH BOY" viayl rtabiliacss aad mher cbeaacals ia the planks mdmary. Tear apirict a oar ararrst braach dat as* *e**d be glad a* call aad disease kifieidad fodhm ia fad. oamu mi v v m. r.t.wro ram. a aariaa taWHLftwn.t.LrowrMmthMMh iwmhe.i>atai>ai.taiMi * --11 DYFHOS* OVTKAL? LCAD9TAR umo^r 2KMMAJAt nnisasiD 1 punsasa* c CALSTAR CLARSTEA CUUHTE c%4sr FlOMAXif XALZUV PROVIXrTKA nborixm i C7-J3 3 -- Z (2?rt .=1O02"r--o * 2os m0 3rr -t's orsi a,artr' ni .t l _CD O<=. s-t 0o 1+3! 3-- i dg +0+-= 3-' ="2L 2TS (Q(3 ite mi o o 0 01 CO ...... - r-a- r t-Bwwcnox . i-nuunrit or fTAMtairaw.. w-tfvurAnmt or -orrot nr u j u > A fcAAw few**............................................................ TrT,,..<(T A W*irNM >l*iliW >>WW*W............................................... ............... 9 Mtinrwironmif -mirw mr- utf ir<wunw,...w^ m aoiir.u mm or rati rusTKim* ....................... it iMMMtiW N r<w-- fWfchr Tin h<av fM |)K............ ...................... .. Ml'>>WT)r............. ........................ ... Min Tiff........ ................. .............. " m>m.................................... .. . ri*. itMM>r riwwfew T|ff.... A talitrwin ................................... A IMMTUlMf........... r rtu *!* c m**............. - co 3&25-H " ~S O -*<< - m A0.3:0--. dP ^j*. O. 9 ^ I O g 2O r.3 r- I3?r0+ a5~- I3 /. fe:A.v,V- yp r J*L+Vi,*+ p-I _" r fcikrtl i Mate variety itehmio km bccnm* nuM^jr cMcmrf ia icciite yon am iW maxmtf mi iaK^nteiif prulfctirc ud drcara'irc cniti(ifbirite jmd athcranidn med ptacci 4 ftkTx gathenog. TO* ha* jmknir^ the irrtUtf- mo r b mI fffirarinte f rite rtelnr'aiifri parafio* mi 40% tea 705 cUnriM mMl mw fwtol by a hrr ml mmmfnrm* Ilet* if*'*. "DITCH BOT* lUbil- wm m& Ak u t nahad* *4 afffaciM km played a* iwipurtam foie, A* * ilW niwpte. chiiniwitel yme tai ckkxiMitel (taljmfcjibc Mm *> hm iicfal f--ifciHom ami may rcyirr aMitewal material* te five riwm hat urf tight MahStf. yniiwtl Uil mearrb dwnitii ife wntMitf it witk aluag ritul yoM lim. mm lf iA riw pmlitit mod m du* Hmdbnnfc bwt with tubiiiam awd chemical oamadi fr mhrr cMucinatrd ntWiilL crx> 3 CO o. e 3 rte > At kemafote iiiicite i*g the tftc/w! tife at * dMitetrrNtkt dritew jNMtit many nehcnrhe w whereby Mich cwfoirt m mritt tea istettigewtly Me mil cumpiiMliwi Fee viwyt material* hcrcui tic* dcwjputiim include* the j m Me with a Inter |Wfnrttei riejrl acetate; riaylidewe d X-ray tttditt vmi i diinride ter be: A. RCAT DCCAIDAtl It it hanw* that b ynnl will produce a aeti jrcihaw cnlur, wfckh qwict> krwe which my wltima chUteMe dwriag tbit react* mm {tart. tr*m rcmural CMfcm yieteli** the fcdh*m Theeharaorrimc light * ibtrird mi dw i< < liiiifii 11-------I-------wMeddutthewMiiyM The hinwiiitwt mi abw *w*e Awnl btihhd ***&s;**^ti:*-^, ,vv< r /. A--* ronhochie* have beetunc iafTtwitgly rwwmJ w rtoM Swpfoofiijj prorcctire sad decorative (nsiajp, plastics <*f public gathering. This lu uaicratd die dcreSjw e chlorinated pirifiM d 40% a 70% riiWiac muM of nmfunwfffc litre ipia, "DtTCII BOY* tiabil* plicae** have played an impurriui ale. chlnritifd nyfflie and chtorioawd pdjcthjkuc seem to snay rtipBre additional material* a (hr them heat sad k I Company** research chenum sic omtMiif at mtk : oaljf with the product* oiwd m this ilrdbunk but I cumpiMtdt for udttr chhximawd atmiik A* kmdwe Mfoei die Jdntfiwi action at beat and fight aownetd der* mg the useful life of a vinyl plastic product promotes change* i* cojut ind physical characteristic* f the mttWitd riayl empnirios which are wlScicat to prohibit it* use bm many otherwise wholly desirable applications. The mode* of chemical action whereby such ownpositions are degraded w may be stabiliaed must be considered m order *# intelligently atuch die po*km of cucrcctly formulating stable rieyl chlor ide min cisnpsititsn, For present pwpon, it wilt be wffiritM m define the miaous vinyl materials herein treated a* polyvinyl chloride, with the understanding that this designation include* the polymer of vinyl chloride and (he copolymers of vinyl chlor ide with a lesser proportion of rnr <nher nrxltMctinftil unsaturated cunjMvod, Ia , vinyl accuie. vinylidenc chloride, ethyl sukitc, ethyl fomarate, etc X-ray undies and dunicii analysis have demonstrated the ttnnvre of polyvinyl wwv j l . tuur pfrauoATKXi It 2* known that heating pnlyvinyl chloride resin *< wmpeeiturr* of 10* C and npwasd will produce a scries of edw change*. This rtictsn give* rise to first a light yrttuw 4ur, which <pMchty changes n dark yettnur. to orange; and finally to a reddish Ion which may ultimately her snag a charred Mach. The isolatiun of hydrogen chloride during this rears*** nypn that the degraded polymer ha* resulted, lor the none pan. loan rcnmcil d chlorine in emwhinitiiin with hydrogen front in adjacent ttibu yielding the following iittsm: dt nr-* *f *> Xm* ltd C--P--T Xante* Urn- min lu wlwd * r--< Hi** *"m d*i>n IdinNd atm UdddnanWc Kh #.i-a pi d WM <nnM Hn-d cM-i*. duM mi dim* nduft. #-*-- r*> * "It-- *Wn JOO# A. .! nd-- nan w. ti-M. l .tmi.--, Tkn. ttu Iwikc wddmd-im--rdili tf.iai.d*dd|r<-nntd ky fartn kc* iddMfMfcdmkikiinntnwI.dwhqnMin id-- I-- dkr |dkn f-- -- d da fiiiW, i,Kit-- - L ? ^1'-'.`idlin' srfokryjs j**-- fit- ** --iOw*y i,-oe 1 '*ufrf^----f-_- -- ----i-yi- -t i i mu ir^m;nnjo *^,n J&tjm.im*... C-!-.*4ci^tz *.*+ L4py^*6Jat*-r ykrMJ;yu3^.Vi,| or aur*' '-1'1 M'O.oMJM'^.uorUi 'iQj I* w ,uk mj jv5 : /t *o S darker rd kadi Fra* tbie it may be Me* (tut longer ben treatment of pniyvioyl chloride min fredttco additional ^nfatiM and mult* in the fomuti** of amt merum and louder polyene trructum within the degraded polymer. (See Figure L) On this hurt, it wy be bypothctucd that the rwnplew form of beat degradation of polyvinyl chloride proceed* through the tplictiag mm, at find*on, uf a hydrogen chloride unit. Mkiwiag which internal ocitaiioa from thi* initiai umatouted pen*twn tend* to promote itrprin removal of additional hydrgcn chhwide wit* down dm polymer chain. The pmence of the hydiugc* chloride releated appear* in favor coofirgatMO. The molting overall reaction give* time n the formate* mi the color bearing p*4ycnr rpwou. Actually the degradatnea mrcbaniim it 0*4 * clear cot. aod amnbrr not of rear* lino I* taking place timoltancootly. The light abowftiNo characterinirt of heat degraded polyvinyl chloride dumr a MMng peak at 27.10 A nbkh it indicative of Ok pmence f nrhayl grouping*. Compavimo 4 there data with light data lama caebonylie umatouted mifondt haa ihmen a great deal of rimilarity. Thnc ear* bonyl containing rjnacma can very readily horn by oaidatom of onunrated urocanm produced during Ac primary dehydruchloeiaatino degradation reaction. The parti bility of mch oaidatree reaction ta quite likely at die temperature* and prenotoa launited in cnanmitl ptoctarinig practice*. The utM of a aamber cd nuteriaia generally*K*rmiol n polyvinyl chloride may aim be captained through the concept of an aum raulytk oaiifitiun mnehanwm. Such narwhal* include the higher valence compound* of iron, bn. cadmium, aod other metal*. The oiidarion products may remit in carbonyl Mructmea which definitely cuotnbote to the intcniiiy of apfirent edn, Oaidarion aim win pmuaune chain Minim and cm liaUag The qoeniun of whether or m b|dmgen chloride rtadf acta a* ao oaidarion taulyr wider portly dwimal prmdirimii wa* recently mvemgawd In it Xitirnd ltd likemrin.* Them modern dwwvd renoouhly well daat hydo^co chloride catalyoc* the dahydmehluriertinn mechanima uofer wnmg hern cunfninn hot daat itdoaonoa aricctabcmidrtwo reaction m a OMawrihlr comm. fn rwnuiy. it w Mi An heat dctrafrum of uwyl ablneide type mioaoMwra of frt|fioaM irwnm and ooidilow. t'ndirr normal pmenrr reaction (low of kjdn gro <Umde| pacdondnaicn be* tKUMenmor.mwuniiumni i dMw^ani----a Polyvinyl coincide pit and fabriciiHMt. and ctmany cot when the finished omp within the ultra*videi rani lecartpu the pulyincr ch chlorination. Since wltra-vi degradations it probably pm Further rpfif-mit 4 hydro* duemg addititjrul polyene otidatioo. In addition. hy< on the dooMe boft uodet vinyl chloride type planict mmm typical 4 vaidjtnn, L In thi* manner, the dill evidenced. The dual mcchaf type* of degradation. The degradation. At a remit, ioatiuo and niiditow, wilt ever, p*d heat and light deviation frum theory it _ between stabilizer and plan and specific rcounmendarij Fur tbit rrma. there eoeej material may meet all the c tttQtwratmy or From a cooridcratt degradation of polyvinyl c mem* of an "ideal nabilitt fl) Since the hydrogs given evidmcc gridtrim. itirn la nureuiry n d fcmiiibfr end prof twy, and lead Id Itn^l numpoond it| ' WMrj o o o cn co r ' OChao ctryi M rtyCg+z &**>*&; ^.'^l ja^j. tfii* it may be k m that Jm^cr beat iraiment of pofyvbyt x!ditiao*l degradation and malt* in tbe fnrautumof more jrene noctures within the degraded puljmcr. (See Fignre I.) be hypothesised that the timptoi form of beat degradation Ktdt through the rplittiag uut. at random, of a hydrogen itich internal tuilttiua (rum thi* initial Mtitwitcf paw* write removal of addititmal hjrfngn chloride win down retrace of the hydrogen chloride rcWared appear* n Inor % overall readout fim rite lu the formation of the color ion mechanmw inMw dear eat. and another owl of roc* uJiaacuusly. The light atoorptimi characteristic* of hiat de ahour n atom* peak at VVt A which tr indicative of the tpingc Compacwio* of them data with light diu *m known mptwh hat tbwa a great deal of omilariry. Ttoac car* an very readily Mm by oxidatom of uftaatorawd atfwcfwre* ity dehydtnchksrinatimi degradation react**. The powfa xiioa* w quite likely at the wntperamres and pmaates uceiting practiced The action of number of material* tnyl Chloride may aim hr explained through the omcep* .* mechanism. Such materials include the higher valence wum, and other mrtal*. Thr onidation product* may mult A dehmtefy emwribuat m thr intensity of apparent odor, c chow tritiian and two huhan* tor or ml hydrogen chloride kwW acw w an ox.dnhm d rwdit--- waa aevcntly muiiigwrd In *e >-atimal j Wodica dumf rvaomridy atk that hydrogen chlmilr came d the driving farce of the heat energy pot cam die j~ *jnu. md oridarioa occur* a* a aecundary reaction attackisg the ooxatoratinn fmkfri m Ac pofymcr. (Tadcr extreme catalytic condition*, the oxidation may beewe he pwaj degrada* don actum wick the uftimaie cciwU of actual ownbuition. m. UCIfT nECfUOATKK* rotyvinyl chloride plaxitci are mbjeoed to cwuhnMt feme dora^ frmrireg and fabrication, and consequently none meawre of pnfytne waamm nay be pres* ent when the drnthed oenpMuod it exposed * light Sock pnfytne rymaaw ahmch tight within die olira-viulct range. The energy rewlting Iran dm dwytim will act an rr-cnrrgiac the polymer chain and pionote hod* oxidative frgnfmia and dchydru* chluriiuiinn. Since ultra*ri*4c4 light i* an otidatom catalyst, dw aiidirin type ef degradatom i* pnhUy pcedotunam daring the tight aging life of *r vinyl naumoiil. Fonher iplit-torf 4 hydrogen chloride will proceed tu a wweiht fewer degree pvm during additional pdjrnr untaturati** and increaiing the pmrihffiry ad even mare oxidation. In addition, hydrogen chfitridc ktcU hfihidy ruljiai widni ic attack on the d*uWc hud* under expowre m ultraviolet light.* Primary Egta failure of vinyl tfcleHt type plaxtkx will evidence rtxrtf more through enkahamt and tack* mot typical of oxidatom. with increased odor formation at a neufny Caitocc. In thit manner, the difference bctxrccu light and heat iaduad drrndnhm nuy to evidenced. The dual mechanism of otidafom and hydrogen chloride Sana occur* in hod* type* **# degrade**. The cnemial difference* arc in degree rater dm type of degraded**. Ai a molt, the oonpownd hot-tubiliiri again* hah dchydrochlor* iaitin aod oxidation. will ato* be rcxHiaatn light aod rice vena, la practice. horn* ever. p*d heat and light liability nuy M always to in paraSd cridcact. Tbit deviathm Imm theory i generally dot to the interference of aide riarriaai act ap between atabiliaer m4 pfawiriaer. odorant or filler. Thnc reuctimo mm under rtudy and apccific reuunmendatomt for variout rate* are made rims tone m Aw mnnl For this rcaom. dure raaaw to wiwwal mMiran no i material may mutt all the Anirtvirrl rnprirwnmi* for Ac i C KGVV UIdCVn OF AN IDEAL STABtUZOI From a ntiflerml-- of die totic chemical degradation of polyvinyl chloride type retina, it w puwiMc to menu of an "ideal tubiMm* material, nr pmshinrtimt of aunrig (I| Since drihydmgw chloride iritawd in the dthfdfockliirmm> i n ghwn eudwte af promoting Ac eoio catalytic an gradation, ii la stcewary to nam e nr ctoaticrily < dfuctirefy at pmtiblr. UTwt cfectricxl properties arc r disc tide chemical awtintiw me molt in an slncmofytit t la necenaty h tswnbiue the hpd* thlorilt mm an i totiaaMeend pniluce. Of all the nwtale tow.only atom. cwrp. and lead farm inoiluhlc ttitito As stunk, amt fa Inf nunqmund w the mow aotoUc practical mm d 'fiydtoprn < nnoparv.* While lead < ` o-ja z> -- a: n EL ~ - S 5SSo *< - <* m 30^0" ? 5: a. S =f O P 32 O rt3 ~ 3= *0* ~3sr 3O o Us O o 0 01 CO Wdli I'Vi H r "i`if --<c'~>"tTftrni r- i ^1 wlrtn^fotMic fwpw k lidm tpnilri id gen cUnrUe uprpMi. |y| <2) Siact 4chy4mtfacimiai mrfti m (hr Uwmim d KfMM i fiicli acts * Ntnaillf cwitc fvnkr hydrogen rhhoidc iflit-tiM t4 Ar tmrioi of mc inane cube Min, it * 4miiMe m audify time yndyca* structure by the use of a Miubfe -rractiw mh Ic c v Ic .* I< hit been suggested that mnrrub mch M cwn of nulcic iM ac*wsir i4 flujr naktliac tiayl chloride type by w^rfiiat j wdiM I>icf*-At4rr rrjctMi viifc the brat-produced Muetitn. iciitai w^id act * jncwy the d tinutty e4 Ac <wiitaic4 wnimcctd <**r pMvciax t)w m< inhibit cobf iatmaanm. The break-up d Aeu pdyoic pnvpiip U reduce the possibility mi ntnded Mtctaii ruij(ii j aJ traruily Mibit (he --cwg ddkydmkhmjiM dctf4iiii paem. ioarcn-ablf. such naaputdi a* for cuapic lUybid M Min. iribuic lead MikM. diknic lead phckalaic. ltd dihiic Wad pbuphijf, might nhtbil pafntio d gheiadi i "Vmrtfrr mmtfrmW tuhlitUK effect. (3) Recent dwtfinti Jure iadicjtcd (hr great mptUKt ol nididna at i farm in rise drpjdniiu mrchaniM* <4 pdpriayl Mnridc type pUttia Tbit tuidilM cAibitt incll io lhe Imc o mm ui odor-bearing carfonyt strut* Buret it the dcpadcd jarfywer, it the pamtim *4 k in mi atd cruu-pdf* MfitMM mi Ac ream chains, atd ir the drutmamm f the plasticizer port** of the (napwaded cityl HMl<< IJegradaiuw of ihr pbMicurr pro vMct bcinScsrw tad hit* ni pUtiiciijr, id map mak ia (h c iu Ao d aiida* tons pcadacn which ilctrimraiaily alert Ac desradatio dumKCMia o(f At mit system Oiidatwm. at dcmiuiwaicd in the precinut pmwta of Ait Iiu:ucaiicc_ it a ddkiitc latte to htk the heat atd light stability patient mi At vinyl empotl At a molt, ihreacd a auiublc aa/iViWW itiU aim be the dmroitiag fac*r between pod stability atd ructlrM stability io particular vinyl ottputd. The oaarrpt *4 utiag aotiimifanii at *4 new to the vinyl ekemiat. but there have been no entirely tatislatmry autiwtiJsait iriiliMf. Mut typical attmiditH are organic in amir atd exhibit par beat and light mitwity io their aa liehi. atd 4tco io hummg rlcnhv intiiaidiM Ao will dolt mm o4ccular forma mfakb are stnoag chrnoat fhiom. ohihhiag od>e m a greater ntcM than the degraded vinyl system tttrif. Several ksd sain, normal lead taiicylate <.\*ORM.llll.) and dtbatic lead phtipkiie |DYP1I<|. and a tombre of organic phispfcim i pnywiki An oaleAm ideally wied as^isti iiViih " (4) Rf npimw mbghimmt generally mats in die uhmuvr use d t pufy* vinyl tbltride type plasm. dm acmmof ofera-vkdct right in catalyamg dm drpifpib nf both resin and flmnim mmm hr rdrvtsirly rented. It it ami desirable m *mw no# /he shn nVrf ti*bT by mr d agenu ringing frmnmwplnc fundees which inmum little or no light (.g.atbo blacky tianiom piptcan) m cmoplrt trgmic oaapntds which ahmrfc a poetma ofdwaftmwiht bandof ioesdewe Jig** (rg. phenyl ttfjcyfotr aad lmd sal, cylsnrl. la tdfiii m. dm ham nmgir sofi mh at fibttir lead artrm jOMRhiyfWMrtAilitAf daa d dmvida light m a auaoee am flwiiilaUii JL STABUJTFM KEAC\ The group *4 **DCT< been found to bam spectl cither alone or in combiu Since all 4 these mflcrii an "arid acceptor."" and it vinyl cmnpmdi Aetnatit bd at an "acid acceptor." acceptance, ami various <* a desirable stabilizer com fight and color stable and Raise lead tiibmtt bd carb*ate may be rc >*; W only Tl-lV* it fbO beyond Ait arailab "pant'* From Ait.tin Am reactire and talc l*b onumt. fn the case of bis oafyZUr; ufe IKk T1 proper stabilizer tw a vinj be limited because of the c A study uf the chemical cate the total, rrarrive, as Electrical prupertset. and didntric material* of it a prime rvample of a stabilization snevkanims u Anting processing and agin load it the only eporme^ Foe Ait purpose *WTC ~W~. TKIBASJC K mi it m. lunusMrui A Ar pdymrr, but itsida pUnichy or severe mfoe h ribaverage vinyl applicat* k h. ribrrforc. aveimiy i finitilt ndiliiitfifw* imniili m in at bar a dej pmesd direnitg o mdify O O O (f! CO .... * ' V--VX? -- M v L  h-wiira riifii,: r ---ft n / ,ri|g. **jM.ii*.-uii*j**+*. , t myi--It. mthcym4<xciJiM<.tmtay mhydm utiaa n-niln ia * timmtri i 4 .tpcMimf i*ixmrjiim 4% ntilt lank) M1"!" <**ilt ifliMK arf the [Mt c*w Min, it Jinc K wtt)r them filjiK I i ariubie 'KKliK wk*,* It h ben moMd M nam <4 main- ai MUHtic aci4 *uy Kabiliac raaji *r* hy --dergm'., a aaaliM llatj-AUcf KKlirn aalfc famiaina. Kadi Ktixa amid act m dntmy die e ijCMtd amuftntrd odw fadviat ijam md iafcibit * bmkep id (km fd)m( gori*K eeU -educe the led nHcrul nemriu* aaad RnKtcIly inhibit the antal deiradatin pieea. Omeiriilf. mch cmapmad. M, led Ha Mltc Inlustc lead aulmc, dibatic lead pMuiata apkilc might rdubil p|<cnaea aad (tee mch a 'mrtirr C edeeh a hear indicated die gf** aapnataace <d ocidjlmi at a uaaa aiethaaiaa <4 [adjriajl chhaide type plmiea. Tbia ttcU ia the tueaaalmm al cnfcH-trjriag c.rbmyl aim d [uljaer, ia the paaiieaa *d Ktaaana aad cnaa-pidjrreaia ebatah tai m the detatactam id the fdadiciaee aaaded nayl pietuc. I)c(radjtm id the |>laMiciaee pea1 baa ad pUaicity. aad *uy remit ia laemataai id amida- dttriotm.lly aftel the dciradjtaa cbatactethtict al the tiua. aa dcaamatated ia the pteraata |ittama al tbia tie lacatr ia bah the heat aad light nihility paateta al . At a remit, the am al a miubic aaiuiita aiti alan lacate betaen fai tuhiliqr aad cmcelltai luhiluy ia a ofataad. The carrpt .d ming aatanidaatt ia * acme m M ibcrr bare beta a tatietly tatidtcaay aaiattidaam ieal aamnidaati are arcaaie ia aamte aad embtbit p~e irviiy ia their ana njdtt. aad dw, ia abtataia* rdextree 1! thill ana aadceaiar baa* tthieh ate attaa* ehtaaaa. kat dteater met thee the dcg(jdnl^itt|l^.4i* (DVflKtS). aad a aaatbtr al at* ma ideally <aitrd*~iiitiVtea. l gmerjgy scam in rim ultimate eerit puly, ri statewilrt Ml hi cnmlyamg Ae ___ piawkioee mn hr ifnliwly unwed. It m rrrm amt Or nWemlrt ttfkt M mt M merms nngin -. -------C4... immkUk m n .iplr. irgmir ( mp*.h - md<d meidem Wl* (.*. L** **** *d Md ** uktkm mcuO* mn mch * *htc kd * Mil *r Mm d *m**i UM -- I -idml MW* iftm* *Mp * ** 7 Mu s v (I II 11 ML jUTt*UTK>.\ OF -DCTCH BOT- LEAD Trtaarrraa a . .eriBtuza Riannir Tk|fpi4"DCTCI! BO^ kad nifcitiMnrfcKriM it tfui Kdmt hire nd toe* immd $ Jure specific cJwnifjl ud pJifftWJ properties due make dm wefvt, either alone or mi oowfcnariw. f*r mr or mutt at the vtried vkyl plastic applications. Swer <1| h | these materials tie lead salts, they meet the bask n^irani of being m "acid arcejmw ~ and therefore c<tribute the ultimate heat and light itabdiry im eioyl omipounds. Acv*atfy, litharge (l*bO) would be the ora cfSckoa torm of using te*& it an "k U iccffir," but the nature of tmyl Mabtlkati'm pet beyund mere acid *cre|Kaoee ami varum* other chemicil and physical idiom mutt be iaturpoaid into desirable ttahtlkrr 0p n m4 nr otnbiMlimi. ft muit be Mtd that litharge h not tight aad c4**r stable amd may be mud mly in certain Mach pigmented oipounds. Bask trad urbnitr bat bmg bent an impetiM paint pipncM. Chemically, Use lead carbonate may he rtpmenied at 2ITCOd*rb<Oll>t. The Mil PbO cmtnt h *5'I Vn only S JI'i is in the available bade petim ol the mokcale. Knctios of FbO beyund dm available 2S*.1IC will evidvc COi and give the phenurntnan of ^gaming.*** Fr* th. it may be men dm in a lead itabtlirer there are two <**idcraMs, reactive and safe PbO content, which are. ol omne. buth related to the anal PbO content. In the case of bask bail carfentatc there it llf! Mil aad reactive PbO, bat only 81*31*4 tale Fbfl, These oatt<dcrai*>nt thoold be kept in mind in churning the peopce mbifiacr fce a vinyl panpound. In many cases, the total reactive hatkity amt be limited bevatMC d the chcmkal nature of the plaukiacr. cnloeaati. and fillers mi A rtudy id the chcmkal ompiMiiim d ~IHTCII ISOV* kad iubilittn will iadi* rate the Mil. reactive, and ulc l*bO in each *d these materials. Ebctricil pnspcetks see f prime inpeuarc for the many binds mt inmladon and dkhrtrk miltruli in whkh vinyl ebbeide resins are maid. Such application is i prime ctample d a Miuatom where the kad stabilicef is mam necessary. The eibibratiin mechanism peuvevds by reaction with the hydrogen (Hard* released daring processing and agrag. and must result in an snmtubk. M otiiikk material, lari k the only mwnucil material whkh forms an inodobk. Mi Msinbk chloride. Foe this purfooc "IHTl II Bob'** TRin.\SK. IHTIIAU DVPHOS. LKCTRO TXIUKC'li and US-2U7 have been hwnd escepthmally dcrirstfe and hghi emstiviiy inns the prfyuur, but in os fining, may react with the plasticiser anfi gire rite in km plaesicity ne severe o4*e Inrmatiun ne both. At the temperatures ul prmemng used far Ae average vinyl applkamm. platrkcr*rta6liacr*rcsin interaction i ahnuat inevirahte, It is therefore, necessary m form reacAm products whkh are mm mkevd and pmsom dmieahk mahikamg efikvtw In smar eases, it w desirable os beep ntklirer plssricirrr intrnrti m ns as kur s degree as pniA, kune nabriiaen may be addsd hr Ae pe pusesd fiiiuctingMeowdifyingAisplamseiaer-aubikaef iotwinin (acanrily niklise t-4a a -- z 2. c o <Q r~r *O o-- - m ^3 Pi ff&i: - "i.FV L mud r 1 ?:: ' "* > - . C'-'. ./ i i t' K r tv t u u o f rttjcnrms o f rtontr t--"*" ` IT--J M*k Lmi Hm*Mk rma DM Lai rMtelaw 0%Mt IhhtJr tai i*nn* WiM jglQ%IIPO> >t--r> aounut vuotr m |4TUUI ^ CZTVTCVT fiOl L To< tUk J. Kucawa mM * fiOUAMFOM iw acinlM "ESSSSr IIJ-. /" amkmi 12s wumccurm ffuwn momciMcm* Nf^rfWt pr~\. 1s J^4MVO/ Ilf tat m 7U Mi 7*J IdA tt-- lw pJf |*V. 3U Jl3 su m4< M* ptm4t* ( MTWWl 40' UMii iri ns ns CarxiM pa it* 7LTi l.n u m h+bmtfl rmm*m 4m< lit UZ --I.*.* <* US-M4 I.HI.U . i>l -1 a I amuwr"*-- tffUUtW LM taSjsr.-- --------ItaaMn Mlkkm IwlwiMM Mpl|UMf `2==~ Tivn L ItC. MIA, Tt,iiiA.iy. IV. V. VIA. HA *- J. >r r.vnuMXV'Silt UV1U. IV, At XXtX. j l xxy UXIU. ... iumfli Tir*i, MI*C V. VIA T^UIMV.V. uu t.m.iv.v.vjn. IX. XL XVI XX xxn. x x iil xxvm. xxxx. x x x ii: xxxL XXXV. XXXIX O.XILXV.XXIX | -mjTCH ior Lao s t a i urnioir MOW uhcwt* Cifln %MDUMl M Ln4 MolM CM 0 (J; ;( - Ml 47J XI XI 40 40 tm whim ptmirr p41u im> ili> in so, JNU if s ms mo4 Ut u i--fciHr k J MM lwW 2-M O'; Lh IMS mL m MtMMAgA^ hML 2=sirCmk AU> Imi W l iWn T>mUU** t >#* it is m III. W fMMjWMOJ!* 55j *> iLULxxm xnr.jnf OOO Q\ CO t L _-b -'- -* i^-^rew*.' ***<+ T'+rzT'^ v^tridt-a . mux. M4H no fur (MUM ma*tu N^lnl fwnOi tfWA4CoMli 03 * IK I22t m ns US ns SJSf frfW w Ih * tAr yM^rr '-- W. fteMk U a. . *~W*r-4 UJ JlJ SO ft fci >-** t--rrw r) 44.S*; trmab4 til m (MM w Jiiw h 20 io fW W polw ur; < IJC-Ij M 1*0-1.42 ^mmi Jh W W4 Gi m >w>rWtM yiMim < TW f;ai <w >q Mmn TTLA. T^i lltA. IV. JtV* (LtMiMwi m. rr.xi.xxu. . xxxv u t ** i. nt iv. v. ?:nr`"c UU KSSSS **11. XXIIi. XXVIILXXXI ***11. XXX1M. XXXV. XXXI* 11XII. XV. XII* uiT*r UOiMJnMr CM|k VMUtVUi. NmmI UW Wk >Im MNMMIL ruvso-Mt c TMU C^mnpiniij 31 ulihwii UiUnkMlkiM 1^4 OrtWJfc-** Tr4ic Lo4 iMNkiUt a*4MfacOri SmHm CU *0C|lw*wnnr OK OK /N-C4AM/S CalntKMt tfWftWiM* TSiUMf Im< L<i4 Siliri SmUmt --m - - m - 40 Jil JO! Car 94r *m4h 4lN MX, rid is 4S wAWiMH mb p m Jmh 401 SI 23-SI 40 23-SI wHrwa *CiM imh Im-- f--4rt S7.4*. afiqSt n4 U 424'; UU, 04149 XJ* o*; *.* i m; iii dvK iM dm U> mX wfm *i m M. U iaoUMt * *9 arfvraft 42 2M7 2J-4J ll mhm J*J'^ SO, 09 XH MMaSwUr fl (mmm iJw iK n IM tfJ tmt Mw |w*rr MJ SQJ 41% SO* U hi mmiMt m fl ur; so, *.1% so; u os ww.l.fcUkll MM C riRMntw! Ttwl.ltt*I, Ti|. HI. IV m**t It UI. XXtil v. wr T<wfaw pA>*>i !W9 Ti--Ik ii* (Uwa)|<Mnli f*xirai iM (SfinJrmml Ih v 4h w ) CcvMiral trical MaMiHf tar riaitiSlKiSt Tin* UMAX tu. nr III. IV Ttr~UUA.IV. TnnUUA.1V, IMMMi ttAJmdaliiai IX. XX XXI. xxiimvt XXVU.XJUX t.v.xv.xxxu uu XXXV. XXXIX n cr-o CD C =r p * s m ; 2.11 3 _... <a Q- St ^ * S' * p is O *" 3 =" = *+B 3 *+ zr -- =3 =r S 3J ` V&ys-. SSB r Theft are a prat number of platticizcn. both primary and secondary. tniUWc tbe naji cnmpounder. For the take of coatmince. these materials have beca ritssihcd Mao as eujor freepc cLAssmcvnox or uwt rus-nazE TYPE I Offmai* Eitrr Tjfe (PhthaUtti, adipates. aufim, tcbacacca, wbkk fa (Me oMuia ether linkages or aliphatic umaturatiuw) A. Primiry* type plasticiser B. Primary type plasticiser *f highest qualify with special properties, Mich aa loir temperature flexibility or |u vola tility, etc. TYPE II Ploipinre Tj h A. Aryl phosphates B. Aryl-alkyl phospbatr* C Alkyl phosphates TTPEIII OX 7>/e" A. Oremk ow epnifet B. Ether esters (Polyethylene glycol turn, etc.) C. Aliphatic ttautiNttf nten jl'Rutanirf oil femitim) TYPE IV Patjnift Tjft (Polymeric*. semi-polymeries) TYPE V ChtfladeJ Tjf* (Chlorinated paralfint and aromatic*) TYPE VI MturfUmr*** Type A. I ljnJrucarb**. nitrile*, amitkccic. B. Sulfur nuuiaiai materials c uonncMiai l e a d s t a d il d u t w x rott v a u n x * nmnizHi nra OnmitC*f%* The nlaitkixers is Type I perform best in vinyl net* which are tttWitd ursA highly tusk lead compound, Mach h "U4TCII BOY* THIBASK. OYTHAL, md DYPIKAL There is me inirractmn between pbsticicer an4 stabiliser in any system, md the mm of thee sSabifcacvt in forming MiWe ww-reactive salt* urfcfc the I i nldsna product* faun this group of plaukurrs is onofur. Actually, the ft* -t T 'I--ef -OCTCIJ BOY* OVTIIAL (dibatic lead phthalate) as a vmyl ihiliiir niihrf from studio of the fraction f TKIB.WK urish phthalair type plawmam. TUI BASE. UYTIIAt* end UYPflOS are sll outstanding for heat lability, but vary individually in their light subsisting Mim TRIBASK alone gturt h fair Mn stability for the ma^mty of plaMum, bn* it is greatly improved by At wen of -DCTC1I BOY* US-207 ifclS to LO*;. bawd m tha weight d At nab). DYTMAL provides H light wabdtty and is a highly tatwlacmy A ` stabiliser. Outdon ' so aB ocher scabi In Type II pfawicsst subit*err. Where the aryl ably came homatios nf ft to either heat or light. Tbs in the general case of aryl B or C. or "IJCTCtI BCl mo of formulation* wbft II A and II 8) ptastscic the PLCMB-O-MU am lead stabilisers with a mcanm. NOKMA5AL products. In special casr* stsed in electrical insula* UYPIIOS, or DYTIIAt. wed with soefa ylMicim primary rtipimaraa D' compounds oastaining Ur; Admittedly there *r II plasticiser* where lend mm-lead stabilisation wit! -APPLICATION OF on page 17. OflTypn Whb the Type III rm iirpiios. o y t i vide very gioid heal and MCAUSTAIt. normal lei cation is deviled in corny In the cssruf nalds* M have a detrimental *4e act. This is particularly cutpiio as hit rale. 1 BIT PI.CMBO-SIL 1 and tight aging with piasa Spewing is inhibited, prod SIL. As a remit. LECI stability for nctmanaf-b Tbongh Type* III I qrpeof ttabOiaer. it ia O o 0 01 CO r .1 1lorw>6r SL, --'r-A'se*sx-* * r of pUoiciim. bndi primary ud tctnidirf. available or Ac uke ol coavoticace. these materials hare beta UTTOX OF \im PIA>"TKIZJW r Ar Type (Phdtitian, adipitn. u c Um, scbacjlcs, wbklt do iM cnauia ether liskj|c or aliphatic MUMratMa) any* type piattkiacr mi; type plastkkcr M highest ^ufiiy with special penk*. each a low temperature flexibility or hnr tula* y.eac. tuTff* \ plmuphaaca 1-alkyl phuophatn yl phosphate* hr" :taic ester tpuiidn rr eteere (Polyethylene jljrcel estm, e*e.| ph.wk Migrated esters (IVh u mic iI "il derivatives) rr Type (Mytnerio. ui*p>ljiai| mW Type (Otiunaatcd paradias tad inoutio) htmi Type ineithm, aitrilrt, imida, etc. Ir ratiiewi Material* STABIUZATKIA n YAH*** fl.Wll TWB * I raiMra kM n Ti.fi fki mfckfc .re tf.lbilf.*d 4v rack M -DITCH BOY* TRIBASK. DYTIIAL. iwtMM hnxn pimmim al i ray ...Mum ia txrmimt aukta mm-iwmi** uk* fc du. pwp ml flMnmi ii < . Atiwlly. A* 4, Y~ DYTIIAL (diknta ta*d (**.! . t w j t * t ml At mm ml TKIBA.SK wkk ptatalmr tyre HAL. H. DVWMW H ~u*lta* lu kua k Amr Beta Hikliiiki w* TRIBASK .luoe pm ujamfy 4 fbriidw. hi* i* rmlf impraved If 09-107 |W; ra IJJ*.. tad * * **>cta <* a grad Beta tttatay rad ta taMy ratWtcmy * ** *4 nabiltaer. Outdone weathering baa* dwm toperw* to aB Aer aiKUeen vidi Aif U Aac DYPHOf b la Type II pbwkircrx. the ftaeam *4 the mrgmic portion govern* Ac choice of Mabitixrr. Where the acyl group itaoyi the reactive bask lead Mahlittn will pnh ably came I roni a at free crcsytk acid ami molt in discoloration under rrjmwtr to cither beat r light, Tba* add fnrmwiiw Hh rciohaot poor stability teem* to apply is the general cam M aryl phnrpfcam. The use of "DITCH BOV** PLUMB-O-SIL R ur C, w "MTCII Blrt*" iJKCTXO *f&* kat bn* fciwad desirable lor mWiyf* iwa *d Inr--Ini ioa wkh aryl phmphjic aad oretd trylalljfl phosphate (Typca II A aad II B) plerriciecr*. Tfck is aa ctcelkM ilhitrwio uf the. ctfcvrivcacsa afl the Pl.t'MMUIIa aad LKCTXO "iff* i* providiag the desirable properties ol kid stabiliser* with a minimum o| the apparcac reactivity ol bask lead. la tarn instances. NOk.M.ASAI* appear* to inhibit formation nl crcsylk add aad refaaed |nd*ta to fecial earn*. where die Type II A ptutkircr* (aryl phosphate*) arc sed m electrical iomfjM owapitoads. TRIBASE, LECTRO "60", TRIBA3E-E, DYPIIOS. uf DVniAi, are reci--wrailiil. Thor bade lead stabilizers ihoald be used with wsrh plaatkiaer* who* eacdleae cintncal pcopertk* hi a stabiliser arc the primary mpinmtL DYPIIOS iopins the best heat aad light stability to vinyl OMapod> <>taming large aawaa d the aikjf fhmphair (Type .11C) ptatsdaen. Admittedly Acre are several typo o4 applicabwH involving die me ol Type (I plasticserr* where lead tubilitatM b m indicated. Numerous example* o< web oo ltsd wihifatoo with Type II plastirizer* will be found in the section eatirted -AW.ICATHlSOf WTfCII BOY* XOX-LEAD STABILIZERS'* t oo page 17. <Trr Uld ilrTjfe HI A plurtoim (tffidc rmt iftiilfil. ita tak Icta ink. lum. IJVHIKtt. DYTIIAL. TRIBASK. TRIBASC-IC, tmd LECTRO "W |tilr very yta km mI Beta MJkitay. Il iLmld kr Mrd Ail -DUTCH BOY" I.KAIMTAK. ...il led ucir^c. it nMmM raker ikia DS>207 rrhes kM* aita m Iniid ini i ipiwJ. cni.i.y Am* yhtikiRii, I* thmammt ikitiWr Tyyo III I ad III C ytatrieUtm. talk M iffl km * leirimil Bocl vkick it xmnlly mlnml ky f* taM q*l !'* ii**. Tki. i. yminliilf iffiml ktmfk ik* 4wcliiirm w4 oRiitaillf am yr.m mnl -SymtaR-- ml Ac ctayl imyiiiii . LECTRO "W it i will* niffita M Ait rata. Tk* AiHIcl rrwmry 4 LECTRO *W tad -DUTCH BOY" rU'MROJIL B ml C km tara tata ymratofy mmtttmlmt m koA taM ml Ugta ram Mta ytaMtairan < Am innd lyyc. la cMiraak ray trataray miA lycwtaR i. mtatata*. yrataMy ky timrftiam -- A* *mi*m4 kliii id *1 PLUMR-O- SIL. At mA, LECTRO "M* rad yU JIHHIL ta C fraik A* km. iiili"-j I I - -- -* **rr~ "* B ** C flAriim prntmi.im. rad At TkrakT|yn III B rad C ffaemn ra Mnk a taM okla Uk ray . lyycta mAdtac^tatamraaima Mommy ky mmatam n 0--0 3 -- <(3Aa -- 2o :r-H-- -%*< - m 3 ^^2. r,,. ca 5 toil s g-^.1 O O 3 ~I c -3 * 3 .. _ II2. a<* **53p tfei? gS*:; O 0o 01 CO r ^ --Ilin- tr[ rn, rr-^:' 3 S- 2 O Co * n 3 P 2-2 \<a rr o g -- m i* me dme nuterijlt lot ihr good loot temptratmt profwnkt. hand. iad driptf. which they impart to vinyl (irodacti. Additional mbiluitina of Type* III 8 and C plaoi* oxen will be discuttcd in the "APPLICATION OF 'DITCH BOV NON.LEAD STABILIZERS" mo m. T^pv The Type IV plmkiim air eMely used brre el the permanence they impart In p!ac curtipmifM**. Sian any brcaMuwa el the deipiwKi mvltiat is volatile and unstable degradathm paduen *wM defeat the purpose n! miot polyester plas* Ikicm, proper lubilintite it especially impeunt. The '~IHTCI! BOV" stabilizers* inch as TKIKA.SK. DYTIIAU UYFIIO& TRMASKK ami LKCTRO "60" have adequate reserve baikity lor bug-krai pfeectoia. and are rspccijlly beneficial with the polyvtter pltttiritm. These five stabilizers are ait pmd lor heat stability. and they (Mge faun fair Ir TRIBASE-E and LKCTRO "60" avttiiwIiHg lor DVPIIOS m light stability. When wpplfmfliiiry lubrkatinu is reipiircd lor these primary stabilizers in system containing Type IV piattkizert, LEAUSTAR is the rcoonroeudcd lubricant. CUodMiid Type The chlorinated type plasticsacr (Type V) presents a special o k . Chlorinated paraffins and ar**mjtics have been particularly interesting m the vinyl compiMinder because of their low cm* and excellent electrical and tfamcpr<tfiug properties. Their logical zdaptatou* to vinyl compounding has always been seriously hindemt by their SBcilduwsm rapid and severe degradatiun characteristics. Pioneering work by (he National Lead Company Research laboratories* bat shown that the advantages of nstng chfontparaduM can be rraltacd through Mahilizaton with "DITCH BOV DVPIIOS. Effective stabilization with DVPIIOS permits the use *4 chlorinated paraffins and amnutks in stocks wfckb must have heat and light stability of a very high order, at a rolunc oMt reduction of at much as ten percent c**npared ti other until d comparable ipraltty. To piwprrtjr ttabiliae cinsipmmdt oottaining chlorinated hydrucarbons, it is accessary n ouHokr that the mitre resin vhlorinatcd hyJnctibn poetoMt needs stabilising. "Die necessity lor using an additional aaoouit u( DVPIIOS lu compensate foe the inclusion of a chboinc'contaiaing sccmsdaty plasckiaer is imnsc diesefy apparent. The me d "D1TCII HOY" DS-207 was found enhance the stabilising action d DVPIIOS appreciably. The bydmcarbm. nitrile, amide, and other Type VI A ptestkiten present special pridihmi in Mi stabrliaatkn and onnpatibiliiy with the vinyl min. It is for this (((>n that they am relegated to thrrole of secondary plastkiaers. DVPIIOS h she hesl saabiliccr for these plattkteera became its rvccikm heat and tight stabihaing actum is rtyphna atrf by is* mie as an tatimifiab These plastkiaers are readdy oaidiaaMe In Ac pretence of brat and uhre-trudea light, and the ecidk byproducts tether aggravant she stability and spew resistance of die vinyl pdatt The suite iwtriiniag plawkiacn (Type Vt 8| mdergn a chemksl mttrartkn sriA dm lend dnbilieert form lead snltsdc, For thk reanm. the "DITCH BOV Lend SubMiaers are mn reernmnended w*A these plamciaem. We refer yon m per JS %mc t finwua d she use of "DITCH 8C1V" FUBIAX If and X.U/IX (mb' anona wiA plmtkiaem od Aia 9ft. 11 11 V j: 4: 9 { 11 " Mivtwrr* d PMIdirr In f**Tnffii| {wjetid sc typr of plasticizer is u*ing sMrnhnjtt40M t| plattf availability, and tprrilk N have plaMivi/rr* lrt<m T J anal effevt ms stability is a cash general ptjikker gZ w taws. when the i*talj highly hade tuhilorr is entire plaMivisrr \vtrm w BOV" ton-lead 4jh*lt/ct H. uimn:\TK For MHrnWul prictML ik fuhrkant*. Various lul CAI.STAR (calcium strarf are|. and "DITCH BOY. Umt are all nvdten at pfin the temperature rises. "Of 14** F.| and maififains a of ing hi*try. Siwr IW 317 * bevsooe nsiltca. it <t*s < carried t* (lie surface The hrhrkant mentoMsed. . Stearic acid is less ot in iMMuentraiitots mush ove txjp. t'Al.STAK (catena lie hydnrgrn ihkwtdr rel^ This rcastMO. d course. 1 primary ttahili/afnos. "Ill sevn loon it* Mrwturr. lui. Mr any steark acid is rek |W J7 is less |H<e to pi stabittiy ser thrse other o cractive, and sate l*W* with the tnhrr "DITCH and light resistance d the o 0o 01K. ..TUUIJZM TOTlt The ahinsjse applkati ahighdcgfceof ttaaitmcsd t^ad srabifi/err are n4 rq amt uos-jllnl "drar* greater than shat wnnbd edmt. die IRlf prupewira. it w well p di^ CD uom n *s o Biol Smh Ii r nod low lempcrinrv pwpenlo, hand. and JrtfK, srbkh s. A^Hnal ttibiltiiiintt of Type* III B and C plasti* c "APPLICATION OF 'DITCH BOV XON-LtAD t are widely wd bcuote of the permanence they impart f any breakdosr* <d (he compound resulting ia volatile >duct* would defeat the purpose d using pdyestrr plat* i especially imporuaf. The THTCIl UOY" stabilizer*. IL. DYFIIOS. TRIBASKK and LECTRO "*T have longterm protection. and are specially beneficial with toe live stabilizer* are ail pad fur heat stability, sad HI I BASE-E and LECTRO "tfT* at nwftunding for Whew supplementary lubrication is respired for these a containing Type IV plasticizers, LEADSTAR is the attkizer (Type V) pmeats a special ease. Chfuriaascd been particularly interesting to the- viyl ompwdcr csccilcM electticat aad flamepro(*g properties. Their impounding has always beta seriously hindered by their t degradation characteristics. Pousceriag wntl by the search labiriMia* b*i showw that the advantages of realized through sfahilizatom with MIH*TCtl BOY** rathai with l>YI*2IOS permits the use of chhwiaatcd ncit which matt have heat sad light stability af a very reduction of as much as ten percent compared au other Tu pmperly stabilize otnpawh chlorinated os ctmsider that (he catite resin-chlorinated hjdfufba r aectssity for using aa adJitwMsal anwwn* of OYPIIOS a of a chhaiae-oaiaistiax srosalary plasticizer *s iawe -DITCH BOY- DS-207 was fuuwd * enhance the >3 appreciably. tmide. and other Type VI A plasticizers present special i ad compatibility with the viayl rrsias. Il is ht shat ; w ihrnrfc of secondary plasticizer*. DYPIIOS ia the am because itsescelkni beat aad light seabihaieg actum n aMSHsasdanz. These plastsciaen are readily osidizablv uhta-viulct ti|h. iaf the acidic by-prudweta harsher wmnuatvd the vinyl product, awieizera (Type VI I) --dergo a chemical iasrractwn m Irad salhdr. for this mua. the "OCTCII DfllT i-wlff wxh fhne planwiaers. We refrv jw is ptft 2* DITCH BOV* FLOMAX 25 znd NALZIN wmhL Slhlwn mt Itmlritfr Type* In oornnert isl prwtiiT. it i the reception uben only <m> plsstieiacr. or even we type d pl-ionizcr is used in the vinyl cwtspMund. There are many resows for u^ing 4.imhiastim of plasticizers Iwm the urm groups. Among thru are coiwtny, availability, ami specific properties sought. As a remit, a typical him compound may have pUMHimi loots Types I. II. and III *r IV present. In such cases, tioce the acal effrvi **o stability is generally additive. combinai*** of specific stabilizers fur cash general ptj.iivi/rr grouping may hr sucrrMfalty and advantageously used. In sonr saws, when the Mai plasticiser used vutsios prinurily of the types where a highly hide stabilizer is detrimentaf. it may be drurabtc Us stabilize as though the entire pljtiviscr yrmt were of this order of rravtmty. For these cases. "OCTCII MOV** h o i trail 'lahili/er* should be used. (See Snisn IV. pp. 17*25.) II. MHMcvnox K*r suvccWul protesting of a vinyl nsnpwd. it is desirable aad necessary In me luhmant*. Yaroni* Iuhrit anI* including w j v c *. stearic ic h I, "DITCH BOY" CAI.STAR (calcium stearate), "IMTCIJ IMIY"* t.KAI>STAR (normal lead stear ate). and "OCTCII W>V" IIS-Ji? fdibasic lead stearate) have been used. The dm f**ur are all nadten at pnweswng temperatures amt hate reduces! lubrication value as the lemprraiurr rises. "OCTCII HOY** D.S-JJ7 J*w* e melt fdct>xnp>ne$ atsnrc Ml F.) am) nuiniain* aot*iant vdM phase Jubro-ai*w over the entire heat process- mg hi*trfy. Since |)S-is alstuot entirely tnoduhlc in not plasticizers, and does t become molten. it dors nt enter the plasticizer phase of the compound, and is 4 tarried to the surfjer. *Thc vrr-j|I compatibility of IJH JW is greater than any other lubricant mrmi*mcd. Stearic acid is less compatible than either calcium stearate nr lead stearate, and, in oeumtratouts much over 0.7Ci. tends to spew severely to the surface. The nurmal opt. CAI.STAR (valvttam stearate) and t.KADSTAR (lead stearate), react with the hydrogen t blori.lv released fr*n the (mlynscr and give nunc degree of stability. Thi reastuns, d our*e, frees stearic acid and pnuwecs spewing, in the absence of primacy tabilisasioa. "IHTCII tU)Y- IIS 2H7. 2l*M>i'b |CHilMC<X))k as may be seen from it MrtKiure. has two addiioxul l*WI groupings which must be reacted be* hoe any stearic acid is released inns the vinyl ownpiwnd. As a result. "DITCH BOY** IIS JH* ia k prne so pnumne spewing and greatly enhanced heat and light stability over litre other materials. This is amuher application of the concept of Mai, tractive, assd sate l*hO content. Car of IW J* in the normal hahticint conccmracions with the swhrr -fHTCII BOY- lead stabilizers mill dwhfe or even treble the beat and light resistance *4 tke compound in many eaten E. STimtiTEN TINTtNC STttEMTfl The uIfmu s t application sf a vinyl owipmnd nuy m|mre ciwnplrse translucency, a high degree f trmlntiuy, wunfkta opm ity.or any eumbrt of vivid or pastel culms, laal wabsli/crs are suitable fur the diunufd crystal char transparency. Fur amt s h j IM "vicar" jpfdicamm* n high degree *4 transhwenry, with opacity an greater dun that cmwibused by n maned calender, it all that ia rwpiiwd. Since; in dfat. the "IHTCII BOV" had nahiliam are actually pigmewa with mhiMrsng ftfertin. it h ncB to diBerentute between these rrlatiee "tinting nsengthw"* 1is*- S - g SS 2. ^ H 11 " e u * ^ i 5 3 - 3" ' ' ** vi ti ** . ._, ^ * ,<_ r-: > i,` W * ` " ,, . . . * L .. r." * *- * .JL_- * .. _ O"* * r v?| IV *IH*TCIi Pl.l'MRO-SIL B and C hare rrfrnfivc indices of |Jt to 1.60 and will pvt a high degree of inwivccMy with vinyl thloridr type i**!ymcrs (refrac* fcrc Jn !.**> I/O). When it it desirable *btaa tr*ig vivid oiltin, the low tinting strength n; be wri advantagmuJy. It it pntible m ohtiiii prm-pflithd blxki which down trad to th**wr gray tirraU and vivid shade**>f red and other colors ia this manner. "DITCH HOV" DS*27 has a rdrartivc indo <d iJdl mJ d*s < owinhutc any tppjrcM iipKitr nhco it is used in mrul lubricant concemratwwt. "DITCII BOY" TJUBASK, DYTHAU DYHIOS. YXIBASKK and LKCTkO"6<r have refractive indices of approximately 10 and oavibvtt in s*vne degree m the white pigment valve of the (uofnvoL F. CfFECT IK smiHC CimTTY Specific gravity It another factor which *m**t be outsidcrcd, If the vinyl ounpound tt formulated * a "poaF basis and k told ti the cntuiwr *n a "pmssid" basis specific ''.gravity hMuf any particular impettatt. In itwnt k , hiwtvtt, the formula**cm* pounds by weight but hi* eml*pfsdtc1 it iuld *m a v*lume basis. At a result, one ttabiliaer My be more expensive than an*whet, tn a pwai4 baiis. hut n a puid nilumr ausiid* cram* may be more contnial (* ex. On ihit basis "DITCII BID'*' I'l.CMB-O* fill. C (specific gravity 2.06), I'l.l'MB-O-SIL 11 (ipecific gravity U) and J.KCTRO flT (specific grjriry 4.0) arr aovvsg the from cvomwtMcat "1)1701 JKlY* lead aubUiatn whkH may be used in vinyl*. Similarly. "IMTCfl Hl)Y" DYTIIAI. (spe* eific gravity 4.6) ft actually no more cosily jhja"l)(TOI BOY" TRIBASK (ipcxifk gravity 7.1). although there ia a difference id o* per pouml in thcie materials Tbit caac >a an maniple where quality may be *ditainrJ withnt tacrtlkc in out considerathutt. An adJiiNnal advantage * be fwaad with *11 thr "OtTC'l I ftOY** lead stabiliser* aa their nn iurriff charattcrisric*. Since they are solid innduMe nuterials they fie M readily extracted by water, organic solvents oils etc, during thrif me and ev I t u t Aa indicated in the table of properties bade lead salt* are inmlvblc in all com* C. 500U1V In mk Iw m. it may be teen dut fcveral fadorn md be owsidefed in chining *rcamet lead subduer tnr the p4 Sme M the dung* to hrcidcfcd imSndc: L Dtgrce of beat stability re^nmd. 2. Degree <d fight lability rwpiwdL JL IMnf fwfrnstfc 1 Chemical cbaractetiwica d fbdciim mi & LuWiestmn denied. 4 Tmiac ttmgdL 7* Total, reactive, and M#e bask lud imM 4 ffpecdk gravity. A--mbefwftpeeificapphcKi--fwdl beindkated mthewd'*~rftACT!CAb C05ffOl'NUI.\(i WITH 'DUTCH BHV VINYL fT.IBIUZHS,* 1 IV. APPUCATK "DUTCH BOY** lead for the raw nipfity of industry with "DUTCH lility and roeouny. In gene for certain cad-usc rrqwirt ingredients. For case* whe National Lead Company, of n*-te*d stabilisers. P sttbili/rn, bub lead and effectively tfcnmt any type A. ajXMDOUTKJ** There are fair sepan lead stabilizers may be nee 1. Chrfey There art name pfaac greater than that available at PLUMB-O-SIL BerC urt> are rramparent caknd types of belting, dear pfmn "DITCH nwm-kad fine dassificatia 2. Sufakp Sene vinyl plastic pn * other sulfides wbrrc 4c sulfide formacinn. trading lead stabiUrert are arsed. ^ ingtsf the null. Another f wrapping paper and caedt resistance is required!, use Vinyl threting med as uph cries and tahie chuhs. and where "DITCH BOY" n It should be emphausw desirable ptwfcvtk* which very wipeim advantage! lewstwt Much, and it t* np which arv the m X TMy Ody a very nmall pern mm me. Included in thus fslifg Therr wra great rnsic. nee witt wmuninws I at i Mftty nrntt Lsanq flush mildtd mys In mat nor puaaablr. tinnpfybecause nd yftmemrswhnbew mm may W whiweil d O0O 01 CO L 8*!ggidB^liaWMW! iir^Ttfili 11 i rn> i i<ni mi naytoi r r.aimra PLr.MB-O SIL B and C have refractive isdknnf |.St to til h ietwt of traatluccncy with vinyl chloride type polymers (rrfnr* <i).Vl1n it it desirable t obtain Mnne rivid colors. the M n'*iog 4 Wrasuctnutly ft i* p-**Mbletxobuin (*fw-fodithed blacks thick Cray screakt. and vivid thadetnf red and other mlnn in ihii manner. ha* a refractive iodn f I and d<i ne oeinhwc any hem i: U imt in a**rrral tubeteam oncrtiirj(i<n. "DUTCH POT* IAL. DVPffOS. THI IIA8K-K rod I.KCTRO "60* have refractive uncfy ZO and cuotribnle in *ne degree t*> the white pigment viler reonc g r a v it y it mother factor which mux hr neiidcrni. 11 the rmy) owpend it wed** knit, and it add to the consumer o a >td*hiMlifcri<c pntinbr importance- fn iori( caret, however, the fwiMkaeo* < hi* cad ppidxl it add *u a v mIw w basit. At a remit,one mWlitcc ice than another, m a pnad basia. but * a pound-volume o w'd r ecumenical to me. On this bam, "DUTCH PLUM (ML *y*%>. PLl'MII-O-.SIL if (specific gravity U) ami I.KCTRO ty 4J>) are among the naxt rv>n>ntw'ji 'IHTHI W>Y" kal f he med in rinylt. .Similarly. "DITUU ROY* DYTtlAI. (pe- cioalty m amm!y thjn"DI*TUH HOT^TRlflASK (ipeific % there it a difference < out per pwai in thne material*. Thin Kfr quality may be obtained tiihwi twnlae iaomidmimt franftjp~ to be found with all the "DUTO f BOY" Wad wbiliixn durtcteiinici Since they are solid imdahlr material*, they ? I by water, organic admili oil*. nra during iheir me and rt Hdartsbfewf properties, basic lead taltt are tnaulubW in att e*mn- -xj he teen that trrrral factor* *nn be onwdttnl *h ng r foe the yibu Sunie 4 the thing* mbeowtodeted include: ability requited. cdiliqricfM men. trrirtkftof fbflidmimi ad talc hack lead t aiml _ ____________ .m-riumcu irrni d u t c h h o y * v in y l Wdniuzm* nr. tfruaTNW o p "Ofirai Bor itauao sriszaixi "DUTCH BOV* lead subilitert provide the ben heat and light Nability mibUt fur die van majority of vinyl pfaide application!. The long etperieaec of die viad enduatry aid "OCTCII BOY* Wad stabilixert hat ettablished their efficiency, vena* tilicy and comma*. In gcoeraf. it it iwecmry to utilize vinyl stabilizers. ocher dun lend, lor certain end aae mprircmcatt. or in cimjuftctino with certain pecia| compounding ingredient*. F-r cun where lead stabilizers cmaot be med, or are oo desirable; tin National Lead Company, through in Research Laboratories ha* developed a new line d un kal nAAmi Proper application f appropriate "DUTCH BOV* vinyl stabilizer* M M and nun-lead, enable* the vinyl plastic* compounder to whilst* effectively dun any type of vinyl cud-product he h called mpam to produce. A. OttOTIOUTIUCMI C4 autmctc MXUUD STABILIZERS There are hn nywan reasons why application of the "DUTCH BOY" oan lead aiabiliam may he necessary or desirable. I. (Mr There me roe plastic end-prodnet* mytinag a high degree of trampercncy, greater hn dun available through me of the highly translucent lead stabilizer* roch at PLUM 8-O-SIL Bor C. DS-207,I.KA IXSTAK. etc. .Vcabtc example*of roch prod uct* are trio pawn calendered dim and sheeting. extruded clear garden how; certain typei 4 behmg.lrae ptowugrapb record*, plsststuli. orgammult and ndutsua coating* "OlTtTl KlY*mm-Wad stabilizers may be mol to advantage in dear products in all there clinififi--* X. &an vinyl yimtoc product! arc med iu atrompheret containing hydrogen uttft or other sulidcs uhree the pottibility exit!! of reacti-m with the stabilisers need. Lend auihde tiiruuni w. Wading to highly colored reactinn product*, h often obterved when Wad mhliwn me awl The mail it the htrmafioa of brown, black, or yettmv *utn* ing of the nd* .Wider fmfneni source of sulftife ttainingitthe me of suL&ic proem* wrapping paper ml twlbnd tintiiatn. In cate* where a high degree of training miwjwce m raf ted, me of "DUTCH BOY* nun-lead gahilinert it rctumntraded. Vinyl ihwaiag med a* npWdmcry, vinyl light gauge theming med for curtain* draftcrier and table el eh*, and Main miiUM vinyl Souring am i few d the end-product* where "IHTU1I BOY*mm-lcad tubliim may be med to advantage. Il d mid W implitiird, however, ihai train resistance it only one of a great many detiraMe propemie* which amt be built i** qualtry vinyl producta. Very often, nmna eery iVrrrnT a brunt,net may he rompromited in (nuwljtim of completely ataimtewtunt nd, end '* m op to die H fudgmroi d individual cmnpunndcM to decide which me the no mymot properties tor a partknlar cn4-c. X TooWhy Only a nry --i percentage d vinyl pl*Mc product* ere tefited tohr m nylndy nn-tow. Imtodrd dm group arc Wd pacVagmg Urn. and magical raft tnwrngc mbing. There am n grean many other yndoew which. nhiW an miuitrd tnWam took, me ml - ~i--------lurmnlHrd hy mmoltitmen wnWrot me of Wad nftlftiib u i ntn) ~et n Ti--r*--* `*^T1---------fb onddrd ny* In mot era, nraplrte mm mtieity mprodoeti W nrithre romtry raff in I1t.i iii|hWrandrfbpitilfo^twnmirt urmroillrmb dro rod nfmnrttrm wtoh am not, m dimdw, mm >oc m amove. ;aeellrot natohentonmplt mftaeond tofb dnmd -WTUI BOV* mm lend nahdmrt^ even 4T>< * -*'-'* -vrT^r*yT^vr ^ - * .. . r *:*;** -J!  Krtn Mill in r ' Vr m ''J~~lTin>Jl fit* 'km -rev-fe- *=^SV A"***1 * toxicological cleirMce lua beta obtaiacd foe these stabilizer* at the prnft ******* The nmposadcr mutt balance the ne-toiicity and stability retirements of the over*all vinyl compound is KkctisR not aaljr the tubiliter bet the ether ingredients as wdL 4 lemdla* *M Other CanfMaJiaa fugrufiraes Aa tliwiHd m the section of this handbook Jiia{ srith "DUTCH BOY" had stabilizers, a lead stabilizer system may be selected which will give excellent ffihlittion with almost all the compounding ingredients used in vinyl resins. There arc, however, a lew raw materials, especially plasticizers, w h*ch show up s bc-i advantage when nsed in combination with "DUTCH BOY" nna>irsd stabilizers. Detailed M> mation on this subject it contained in the section on "RKCOMMKNUHU NON LEAD STABILIZATION FOR VARIOUS PLASTICIZER TYPES." b . -d u t c h Bor* k o me a o s t a b il iz e r s The "DUTCH BOr non-lead stabilizer* listed below arc designed so fill the need lor excellent stabilization in vinyl chloride products of all types. While the general recummeudatwru concerning the best stabilizers tu use tn particular products are suitable lor must cases, it ihuulti be borne in mind that plasticizer-stabilizer interaction, lubrication requirements, cost and other factor* may atfewt the recommendation* in each particular instance. Section VI ol this handbrndt, "PRACTICAL COM POUNDING WITH DUTCH Or VINYL STABILIZERS" gives many formutations for vinyl products which arc representative ol those that are successfully used in die industry. The formulations given in Section VI will provide aa exceltaw starting point toward meeting specific needs for various cwwpoandi "DITCH BOV" CLARITE is a barium-cadmium organic stabilizer which combines excellent heat stability with good light stability and clarity. The outstanding feature ol CLARITE is it* extremely high bear stability which is effective over lang term conditions. It is well adapted f*c all type* ol molded and extruded product*, such as helling, tubing, garden hose, profile exintsiun*. and iaievtson nodding*. The label eating action ol CLARITE m normally adequate lor processing requirements wfchmtf additional lubricants. ^ CLARITE is supplied as two cuwipment*. CLARITE A is a white powder and CLARITE B is a clear Hspiid. CLARITE A should be used at a level ol Iran UW in tn. hated on the min. depending un the particular combination | heat Mahiliay. clarity and lubricity desired. in <rf CLARITK B cusmnatrily used with this level f CLARITK A. A special e**e. however, jukMdEJd CLARITE A and m CALSTAR in vinyl fiunrsng stock*. When asbestos filler i* present, the requisite mnf o| -DUTCH BOY" XORMASAL should he added an the *nl a dhc*aaad in Sactinn VI R. | nummary, CLARITE is recommended hw rxtrvmrfy high heat*, lor cxsnwim and molding snU and in vinyl finnring nwpuods In this same clast of high he* lubricating, barium cadmium stabilizers, "DUTCH BOY" PROVIN1TK a peelarm! It aaacia requiring aunawn mm-yeltuwing and superww Sight stability. "DUTCH BOY"PROVINITE it a barium cadmiumnrgmsc ewwplea mppfttd hi mwparhaev rjrimn, which physically nrnmkln CLARITK. In atahslsaing btn, mwrttrsc* are different fmn* CLARITE in several rcsfccta. While n* heat suhshty it / I -firr - PROVLNITE is readsty dtuic**bed byits Monger anti-osidam acta* * mtgm hghf ntbiliff- end it* twrpoail Irffdm Irmn yellowing. The nnmg nshliting amt m PROVINITK is thn* by tta mefulnoa at trn ttql stock Aa* uanviaiimtl bmuncWman mapfc PROi IXJTE he* er-o a -- 2. <= o " O -- f) o -- T S a *< * m 3 0 rt -* =r :=: L *. .\ r- - . 'v : ------ . >,  *arAa.^r .|V r riacc lui been oboioed tee these Kibiiiim m ifsc present biUaci the ana tvikify *d stability rv^mnna o4 the selecting not only the stabilizer bva the other iogrediencs kia of this handbook dealing i(h "DUTCH BOY** lead system may be selected which will give ncrllnt tubiliii* thpntmding ingredients vied in vit jrl resins. There arc; * especially plasticizers, whkts shm* mp as best advantage ilh "DUTCH BOY** mm*lead MiKlirm. Detailed infer* Mfjiaed im the ctK on "RKCO.MMKNOfc'D NON* i FOR VARIOUS PLASTICIZER TYPES." LEAD STASIUZESC9 non*lcad eiSliim lilted bduw are designed to fill the tm im vinyl chloride products of alt types. While the actraiaK the best stabilizer* to use in particular products t should be burse so mind that ptattkizer-ttabiltzrr inter* ski, eutc and other factors may t0M the reenmmendatmaa . Section VI of this heudh**. "PRACTICAL COMTCII BOY* VINYL STABILIZERS" give* maay foe which are representative of those that are successfully mrd (sons give* ia Section VI will provide an esccllcat starting c heeds fof ririoM compounds. AR1TE is i barium-cadmium organic stabilizer which l*ty with good light stability aud clarity. The outstanding extremely high heat stability whwh is elective over long lapted for all types of molded sod eairvdcd prodnets, such osr, profile extrusions, and injection nodding*. The htbriit normally adequate fur processing wpiraaniti without ti twocautiptmcof*. CLARITK A white powder and 1. CLARITK A should be used at a level of Irani IJS% sending n the partinslar cnmhinatw* W heal stability. 15 of CLARITK 0 ia cuitwssrily used with this level ite, however, is the wse sfWd CLARITK A and ocfci. When asbestos filler is present, the rc^sssise umM fASAL should he added tm the aok, a* discussed in fa si Liu.... .. d fir extremriy high braes, let muemmm y| doming compounds. la this same elm uf high hrse, wzbilszcra, "DCTCII BOY" PROVINITE ia preferand M.ttOsaia| and superior light kzbiiky. k'fXITK ia a hariwm-cadmkuw organic emnpfcs tupplfed kh physical!y rrambles CLARtTE. In stabilizing chPf CLARITK in several respect*. While da heat nabsldyla . ia readily dkt*nuishcd by da stranger anti-otidana mlim, rad da earrpmnil freadran fan yvlluwing. The df v M V V Vl1 iI MM 1 I I I I slightly less lubricating action chan CLA RITE. It develops lower viscosity in ptascisoSa than CLA RITE, sod is particularly ranurntnif.il for use with easily oxidized ptastkszcnL PROVINITE has the bat electrical properties of die barium-cadmiewi type stabilizers. Although its electrical prapertks are not equal so the standard lead scabs* tizen,. PROVINITE is highly aadfachwy hr clear and brightly colored jacketing flacks for mtumnenc wires, novelty Christmas tree wire, and ocher low requirement trier coatings. PROVINITE'# combination nf nsbilixing properties is especially suitable for csftndcrcd vinyl stocks, where reshrsner n oxidation and sharp retention of color are essential. If may be used at (uKtsmikn ranging from 25 of PROVINITE A and 15 <*f PROVINITE 8 in high temptramre sheeting stocks to as low as 0J15 of the A and l*? of B in thin film. The me of the lower cuoccntratinos provides even better clarity and lew lubrication than the omtstiwil level of mage. An excellent non* staining film stock may be achieved through the use of a small quantity of "DUTCH BOY" NALZIN with PROVINITE. described below. Barium-cadmium organic stabilizer* arc trail established for clear and highly translucent comp^irmns. <>w serious tiwkauau of these systems is their tendency to stain in contact with sulfur or sulfurcuntasnwtg materials. It has burg been known that small amounts of organic in k craopowoda chaissute or minimize the staining tendency of barium-cadmium stabilizer*. Preswnibly dut is due lo the preferential acceptance of the sulfur compounds by the organic emc safe w form a soluble or light colored rttlfidc "DUTCH BOY" NALZiN is a zinc organic complex especially developed for cn use with barium-odmium Mabibxerx lo ciuniontc sulfur staining. NALZIN should always be used in accordance with unnuulHums, since in large amounts, zinc componud* can readily become dcgrifMi-- catalysts msscad of stabilizers for vinyls. The exact level of NALZIN needed in a particular formulation depends to i large extent on the level of the barium tahsiun stabiliser, thd sulfur staining reststance requirements, and the processing cwdom Tbe optimum ratio, based on barium* cadmium content, is apprasiarutefy 115 NALZIN. based on FLOMAX If, or 25% NALZIN. based on PROVINITE A. Fra example. 55 FLOMAX 25 (based on the resin) should be changed m Z) J5 FLOMAX 25 whh 0.55 NALZIN, where freedom fnuw sulfide staining and oftimwm hra stability are required. Correspondingly, 2% PROVINITE A and 15 PROVINITE B dhmfd hr changed m IJ5 PROVINITE A. 0J5 NALZIN. and 15 PROVINITE B (allow resin bask). CWrr on rsrvnm* marrs skemiJ N.itJ.lN be sW ofcnr wkfeof tmfpftmtoUrj ttobiUtttitm, "DUTCH BOY" FLOMAX 25 w aliquid barimiKadmram organic stabilizer. It ia readily incorporated and impam dm highest degree uf clarity uf all uf *a "DUTCH BOY" stabilizers. FLOMAX 25 ia entirely mmpabble with vinyls and If drni very Knte plating tendency. FLOMAX 25 givea vinyl film an Weal surface foe } printing, since k pswriisa a dry and ucfc-fcee aarfoee. It ia raoom* mended for pfassimlk rgstmaals and udmkn ewatmgs became af ks ready dispeed hilky.fow okcwwty.clzrisy andVsnsyiabtuy.The beat kabslity nf FLOMAX 21 k oftmmt uw a pur with fo CLARITE PROVINITE clew f kabsliteri foe ewmdrd hoi iipumrr * very high imyrr--rs t is exerikm for she mm| pmmng s for twccial heat (Mdwus vmtf nm a ganevnuy sucrassnsny itJ5 ftOMAX asqtdtf wnh ahmt R55 Marie acid. Fmm 2% J? FLOMAX UkhM I <0 = 0 O 3 :*<< - m To ~o 3 ^ -r -r a k&; L .-rr.c*:V?C?Te1.r ti- - . .i. *; `-i .* *. .V r '* At k Hi3*~Jr Jfe-a. IIII ua< r L DUTCH OOV CS-137. a Imrmatoodiaaa . __________ *,<TMa***Tiw lac elear riayl prodactt.Senatny.it it ejwfcttteafcaiaerdut fcooM be ouidml arlnnn mpdoul light and otnrieor aoitcng natality tie *"** Uteri at aotaul cracratratkat ia thin tha. CS-137 ail) par at alack tt 2-1 yeanof aeadooe natality arid*** Kai&cmbtcak4aoea.ThtipcTfota>aKeia<iauidcKd ewtntariiag tar clear riayl auctc I'ad abac. CS-137 riart M km the oataaadiag beat acabifitf cbaracKrittk od CLAR1TE or PROVINITE. Htarc at "<a att it at riayl nrgmwnlt aad tulatitat croliogl oro cktk or ami It hat aim girea ray terra/ai retain ia plattiml aari thia calendered Slant rnporiog weathering ttanawe, opccially with mppltattaeary tubiliam m airi ia trithmaariiag the heat cycle. CS-IJ7 hat aotwaadiag Mata (Otaaacr. Fnr raw ia riiipcnma ia year mint aari mltrinai. it it apfiiet at a /O'! ariirit pane ia di-2cthjlhciyt !** ' | POP). DUTCH BOV CAL5TAR. ealciam nrarate. it a iebtkaat tad mpplmwatety ttibiiizrt tor clear riayl prudoett. It ia atrial ia calendered pradoett aari extrasibaa. aari aba at a aariri rclcaw lynt lor plastimli aari iajcctaoa amiried anklet. Ia general, it thnalri hr aacd with tbr rarwat DUTCH BOV ana-kad aahiliam only to the meat tbtt adriitimnl kibrktiiua it rapiircd orer that pturideri by the aafeiliacrt tfirmnlni. Thk ariU racy antb pnmcatiag awthodt aad ipeedi. aad the "practical Cionpiamdiog" Mcttoa iilattratrt itt aw ia trrrral tfwci&c applkatinat. la a lew ptdtot. oath at none clear phuaugrapb fernrdt. CA15TAR it oted at dw oh tritalirer. lire oitea, hvaerrr. aa additiraal ttabiliarr mil prarr m be a arty good c ruisnazEiuTABaJZEK Lvraucnan EScctarr tad ecoamnka] a. plkalioa od nookaj aeahiliarrt it tiatilar at the aw ai dw lead atahilaaercia that the aalareoi tbr entire riayl plaak tytteat dctcraiiact dw betc tnhilitrr. to c laakitieaaa aal atabiliam, n aenaaptwh tbr iateaded parpme. Actaally. all ad the ciaapiaiadiaic iagicriinMt, bwfadiag rctia. piaackirrrt. hllrn tad coharaatk hare t bearing aa pettier choke id ttabiliarr. tjt all the (achat iaeuierd, biaeter. the plattkiecr tyttern it by lar the amt important. Plaukiiert rary omtderably ia Aetr ability at arithtuari prorrttiag hrat aad attach by breahrioaa ptadaettad the riayl tetia. la aaorratel. the proper arat-kari lUbdiaen actaally iahihit breakdown ad plaiikinn. la Other watrih they tuhiliie dw plattkurr at well tt the retro, Jett at it dwcaw in lead ttabiliaatkai. Ia other iattaaeeg pdaatktam ia the tyweaa ate mrikicady able aa beat aari hghl caarikMi w that tO that it leipateri al a gnod am-lrad aabihacr it to da at ariaury Job ad tubMtiag the tetia. Three are cam hoarier, where atahiliatn do react aadararaUy an* plaakiam ad certain typea. Thk chemical iaacractma it taatedawa oboeretd aa weere catar fcirwitiw. ae hat ad pltwkiiy, tt t.idtarrri by phyakal awmarcawm web at dw ha.riant or amriaiat od dw noth. The cdhoi ad athihJwpdtttkiiaaiaittaniea ate altomarie apparent by riwpdanwude | -x irr -iyr M- Thk it t ihirinn rradcacrd by htohing ae waeie ipcoiag. oc by dk tcattma prudoett catalyamg dw dcgrarijM ad dw ante. ptapre duke od -OdTCH BOV aaa had a.bSrrtt win gke eery edwdae Ilf - - ia macha c.mnaiog practkaBy all typet od plawktam. Aa line at* -I - y ia riW lead aabhare wet-n ad dot haodh-ri. piamcirrrt may be derided omaecalrihaiact typermgtaopaacc-erimgw dm ebetme ad III - -- ad "OfTCH BUV t it Ireri on page llairpiolotti brm. u 1 1 I I 1 i;i i i i i i i i i GL4S52F1 TTPE! OpjM* TTPE (I t y p e ill TTPE IV TYPE V TYPE VI A. P& Pr P* til A. Ai 8. Ai C. AI oar, A. Of & Et Cn AI Pmijn c A. If a s* a. k e o w s i e n d e d ,\wt r Tjry# Plwii'iwri l Type I f tcaa pitnimmi i ubtiiad atClAMTK. PROVIN1T it g--wcJ dtidly by ifte typ dritj rppiunMUi Fr n Ct-AklTE it wtritdi; for wtU ktrfntcil; fur nuiiii fin|ii mi rciiHiHiwilaj tfhw -niiiilit| wad far md m c--jwciM mruk IWflrir Typ At w h mh I jwcrnMljf Uamf wtifanw* "OUTI IS nr ocvptMully rirrtrw fimkiwn. * PROVINI Mf mi Av btrivm tjrfmi--i il mmmtt mi ryailiiri OO aoi ca v'> r ,J WfH 1 ii^ii 17 Vi*! *jr| fwlinn. ywwnlly. it w the irt atahflrrrt tktf cpcimd fight ad wndwr t it irhi iiog futility are time in dim him. CS-127 mitt peadi M Card alnac CS-M7 don tot km de norannlieg kRITE or PROVIMTE. Hence m oak nctfia utfi aver <hd or mrtif. It ha aha yita ry icalendered fiten reqemag wtirfmiag reMact, Uxen m aid m wiriiaafag the hot cycle. CS-137 eta ia diipcnioe it year rnia and tdaiai.it ^ fthjrflxxyl phdutate (COP}. r cakaam aetritc; it a bhricat and affieatanry ft ii tacftl tt calendered product* and atmiai, f pbsMnii tad iajettm molded ankles. It fnurit DUTCH BOY* mat-lead mhalirm only to dm it myeired oarer that provided hy At aubiliaera cwccaaiag acthodt sad peeda. and the "practical Set me ia acreral specific applicwinni la a lew airgraph ntwdt, t'ALSTAR it mod a the aode i additional trabilixer will f.wv ao he a way H ^iaucm ratine el mat-lead stabilizer* it liawlir aAttaal reef dse entire vinyl flank ayatcaa ducnmact dMK > kahilitcr*. a accwaaplish the oaaded porpntc. ingrrlirww. iarfwdiag mia. plaataciam. fittrn tad r choice of Mdilim. Of all the fjoea involved, firdw natal wipetnt rbwkiam vary ciaiiltrcraing heal and attach by heeahduwa peodaett mi the wt-lod nihilizm actually tahhit huhdata of ihit At fdatieiitra welJ at dhr acna, jam tt It ;mcaaacn,plaMaciamntheyaarmtarc wdficitally dalldlitawiiiwJdtpodt a IradwthiUttr > the aiia. There are cater, haem, where pitwirlrert d certain typer. That chemicai mati a. wnhad pltwkiiy, at eaadmeed hy Mocking m a Ldtytdrtiwi od At mat. -- kid atthaKrm will pr vary etertite *0 typer *4 pljaticimrt. At dicawd .-umW|aAhiia hiadhoA. pdamcinrrt may he divided tkal naiaee and paopertaet. 4 mi n*-1-- * IHTCJI BUT" a w Irtl r ptanaciaef uMempeg* UaiipniirHhaa i OASSfnumv of \TSYvriAsnazsM5 TYPE f TYPE If TYPE III TYPE IV TYPE V Til"PE V| Orftmit Etitt Tjp* (PhJuIita, adipate*, mliin, achacttea, which do not eotuit ether linkage* or alaphatk oaaataretMa) A. Primary* type plaaticiacr 8. Primaty type plasticizer ol highest quality with pedal properties auch at four teatpvrawre ficubifity or low vola tility, etc. PUtfi^u Typ* A. Aryl phoiphatcs 8. Aryl-aJhyl phoiphatet C. Alhyl photpbaact Oit T,p** A. Orgaak eater epoaidet B. Ether eater* (Polyethylene gtycnf cater*, etc) C. Aliphaik anuhiratcd esters (Uasaturttcd oil derivatives) P*fjr$irr Type (Hutymerick temi-polyowfics) Ckl+ri--itJ Tjp* (Chlorinated para&at tad aromatics) J/iWW/mo u Typ* A. Uydmcartmos. nitrile*. anudes, etc B. Solfar containing material* a KEttUUlEMJEJJ MlMAD 5TAMU&4TVJ* FOB VARIOUS PLASTICIZER TYPES IVpnlf Ej 4o Typo Plasticizer* of Type I present rrlatkefy few pmblemt la auhiliacr choice. Excel lent pcrf-Knuarc it duited by the esc of the barivm-cadmium orgaak stabilizers arch tt CLARITK. PROVIMTE. tad FI.OMAXTS. The choke tmoag these wabiHaeaa at governed chiefly by the type ol product* bring manufactured and their mbility and clarity reipiiawiic Ear example, foe maximaiii heat acability PROVIXTTE or CLARITK i* MicxnteJ; U masimum light aubility PROVIMTE or FLOMAX2S arould he arlerted; frw maximum clarity FIJJ.MAX 2S i* recommended. The specific advantage* and rummuratifi iei for these stabilizer* were ootiiaed earlier ia Ah Where minaJiag weathering resfosac* it desired ia film*. oegaaotul coeting* tad vinylmledna cutting* oehitityTryt I plasticizer*. "DITCH BOY" C3-U7 ihnell he mid in mojoacmw with PROVIMTE or FLOMAX 21 fUthmiyyr Atnwiaetd previously. the Type 11 plaatkiaert often preacat pmMcm ia satisfamtf ntbilUaswm. "DUTCH BOY* PROVIMTE. CLAR1TE. and FLOMAX 21 we etccptkaiHy tfcttive in pmwntg high heat and light atability in Type If pltm'tiwra with PROVIMTE the hew ol that gaoep by a muR aurgin. Whaanw any ol the htriww calmioni aubilieen are iwyl jri with phmphiae plaatkiner a ml amnt el tpotiditrd planieittr (Type III A) add* m hnt suMiip, rr* ; E`2S- L V.S-VC vrvv-^- ti'-r-. Hi r i-V^^ri-*+? **>&* > mjtf*.T1*1? -a-*- Wi>r s> l!-' p-r* ?i TVweofCS lJ7iATneU ptiniciien (im only Mr hot al ti{ht KiV%. where it * desired pt i*r; pud weathering resistance in Mncbcatimiaf 20^ of woredType II plariotcn. the co-useof CS-U7 and l*ROVIMTK a recommended. (M Type The piiaicuni of Type III fall naturally mm three distinct groups Stabilization f Type 111 A (organic eer eposidcs) it a tnmrwhit different problem Irun the other groups. III B and HI C. In many caret, use of smalt tmwmd Type III A planrieixer* firs* than 10** of the vinyl resin crumt) actually improves the stabilizing properties # barium nirnmi stabilizer*. This tendency it of greater importance to copnlymcr retina dun in hmopslymer resins, and it especially nsefnl in vinyl chloride mint of kmev molecular weight. Their advantage it aim greater in heat ability than in stability --ward light and outdoor weathering "IH.TCH BOY* PROVINITE. CI-ARITE. and FIAMAX IS are ctpecially recommended with plasticizers of Type 11 f A. Type 1118 (ether ener) and Type HI C (unsatitrated ester) plasticizers respond to very tioniUr stabilizing techniques. "DITCH BOY** CS-I.D imparts a high defttn of light resistance MType III B and III C plasticizers. and provides escellcnt ttabiU* ram against <m*U* weathering. "DITCH BOY" PROVINITK terns at an cscetlcnt primary subduct in conjunct-tt with C5l.t7in calendered stuck* containing Type III B and III C plattkiaen. THTCII B< Y" C1A RITK performs similarly in euroded and highly buded semi-rigid application*. In tsne pruduers where absolute clarity famtessential. many cumpmaadcrsprefer Mute PLCMB-O-Sll. Bor C along until a tapplensenury dear tufciliact such as CH I I7.nr a (in stabilizer, u>enhance the light stability. These w have proved m be very versatile and practical, especially when high anumoit uf Type III B and III C plasticizers are used.and when plasticizer migration it rrmiMr--ase. rdpmrTffa The stabiKut--n d vinyl tmeba containing Type IV plaaric acra paraRrit in s b m nirnt the subiliration teebniqun used with Type I (--eric cm) plaaticifcn. The major differences are due to the necessity to combat sssidathm and cfwa-Unkmg, usually observed in vinyl prwdocta at a tendency on the part of the piastsciter to tuttl nr apew. or in dm ease of light npmn, to develop spot degradathm or embrittle-- piTCIf BOr PROVINITE and FI.OMAX 21 provide excellent heat and light ability with Type IV plaaricicrvs. triihPROVIXITK bring the atnmgcr of the turn. Some emifanl rmiu ban* been obtained taring *011701 BOY* CS*U7 in mil tor imidnir use that omzrin appreciable ipnsifin d pilpw P* s*iritm.Thfa it due to she ms--awlmt characteristics uf CS-IXL . Chfarinatod Typu HTher TTywper V apib--^uoirrmrt ((ctMwwramwu ma! ppaurta/Kmmm ma--i tn*mwwmrkati 1 >"1! < -- pn .M., |M' *. -Ifrri-r.f *.ubiH_u_r _ta___im__bkVlr_a_ _.W___n__-_I_HTOI mBOTr DDYYMHWMBZ. u*4 m mmkimmm *. -IH.TCII BOV Ui-XJ. pm **nc l.. BuM^cri) --ButWMr*rwiaH --IrW.mMirrt.My --------------- -- t nmt ihr M-)i KiktUam Hr M fnmlif iff. mm *4 i*Tf?r Yt A flMkitm irfeM^ mlrOrt. < Mo. mc4 m mn H. Irt MKJ* i. *r knt tT |>H|IHimn. II. ..B ftoW z combination of CS-IJ7 and CS-1J7 and the etcclfcnt light to "stabilize" btfb the vinyl re A combination of "Dll . recommended for subilicing (--dur-encuainiatg nuserials), dut combination does not cai plasticizers. CS-1A7 it abn r fight stabilizer, ft it rectime . FI.OMAX 25 m d--ir vinyl weathering and ihnviiht li CALSTAR <t very Wilma of Pin tlrl--r Tj II should be nntaitod aeveral plasticizer*. often nf desired an various products.' tnl--pri are concerned it mil--e of plasticizers wiU bi would be Used if each pbsticu concaint a la.gr ansoat of a or difficult to stabilize, at fa pfimaacr owett srerc of tfa BOY" nn-leaf tabiliavrt it r it b u c a t o c r*nra T**n#d>c~!HTC2tB VIMTK, p-- sufficient hi fabricaii m it not normally lubricity. An--ug she non-fan reraH lubricant. The fabrics by CALSTAR is ddmfarly r. annon--un DUTVll BOVnle Hr wpinwi W ki(h ' iMHrMMB. ml i.lHny wwifl > HII.II.-IHTCU BOV Ft Hdi m a dtM. WHr Oh o 0o 01 CO l PU L r "*T^ It pt<idtm |imcdy fiir hat <at light stabifitjr. fl very good weathering rrsbuorr in Unckt cnuiatomg 20?r or xen^thccMttel CS-117 ni PROVINITE rttaanctied, r;pf III fall naturally mi* three diitioct growpa. SukitiuiiM eyter epoxides) ii a moHui different problem from the other l( C. la many earn* use of small tanwand Type III A pta* of the vinyl min rmeai) actually improve* the stabilising faunas Baoilixer*. Thb tendency 2* of greater hapnetinee ia ia homopolymcr min*, and it especially userid in vinyl ' tanlrnUr weight. Their advantage it also greater in heal 7 toward light and ootthwr weathering. "DITCH BOY* TE, and FLOMAX 25 ire especially recommended with net) and Type III C (onuwrased ewer) platddaen respond C technique*. *"|>UTC1I BO\"* CS-U7 imparts a high degree el HI B nd III C plasticizer*. and provides excellent Nabilr weathering. MUTCH BOV* PROVIMTK seem at an ter in eanjunciMin with CS-IX7 in calendered itelu containing titirittft. "DITCH BOY"CLARITK performs similarly in led icmi-rigtd application*. In mm product* where absolute tny crenpotanden prefer *tme PU'MII-O-SU. B or C along at stabilizer such atCSf-l .17.ora tin Mabiliter, in enhance the :ctm tunc proved to be very versatile and practical, especially pc lit 8 and lit C plasticizer*are used, and wbc* plasticiser vinyl reach* containing Type IV plasticizer* paraQrlt *n some vhniqum used wtih Type I limwtteric. eater) ptesticiectfc c doe to the tenuity to combat ossdatmn and cwtt Ssliig i as tctueixy m the part d the plasticiser tight cvpomrc, re develop tpt degradatwm mhm^wati TXITE and FI.OMAX ?l provide eacrllent heat and bght Unkimi withPROVIXlTK being the renregcr d ht re been obtained msn* MUTCH BOV* CS-IJ7 re MU d appreciable quantities ud polymer plasticizer*. Thin b dne eristic* uf CS>U7. . -er* (chlorinated paraAm are* mMk*| m reentfrmrl on stabilization problem where "DUTCH BOY* OVPHOS, DUTCH BOV" DS307. ginr* a degree of uabslizafian fee . White tire variana non bti.whltwrt hripTrP*V n.htt i te*< Mhittzenret not greeraHy rTypeVIA----------------- . ^ _ aibtfiay*amd rehlity daring eapwnre re here and bgM edmrerden page th OVPIKIS ntehn dliwad i g tenitiren. Ilreiwi, il cterif > nwdiaitim of CS-IJ7 and FLOMAX 25 it suggested. The anti-oxidiaing action of CS-H7 and the eacelknt light stability *4 thi* stabilizer combinatom will greatly help re"stabilize" both the vinyl min and Type VIA plasticizer*. A combination of "DUTCH BOV XAL7.JX and FLOMAX 25 b especially eepotimended ( stabilizing vinyl cnmpiuiadi ctmuining Type VI B pfawta'zm fsolfocontaining materials). In addition to it* very g>-4 all-aroond tubtliriAg sc^on, A*a combination Act not came undesirable soHide staining in the pretence of them plasticizer*. CS-IJ7 it ala* resistant re mtisde jtrining. a* well as being an excellent light stabilizer, fl i* recommended as a secondary stabilizer with PROVINITE or FUHIAX 25 in those tnoyl oonpoind* which ma have esirvmc mittuxe re outdoor weathering and ultra-violet light. When added hhicitwa k desired foe caster process ing "t better mold release in cunpevab containing the Type VI B pfuticizcnt CAL5TAR b very dficicnt. KUlswi of PVoirhrr Types Il shooId be nmrmhrrrj that the nma) practice in vinyl composting itnutt aereral plasticizers, often of several type* or groups, re get the specific properties desired in various products. The contribution of each plasticizer at far as stabilization cchniigse* are onsetmed b generally additive. Thus, the nabiliacr system reed for a msttnre of plasticizer* srilt be made up W peuportiunal amount* of the stabilizer that would be used if each plasticizer were considered alone: Very often, where a formulation onriini z targe moat 4 a plasticizer other than Type I. which tend* re be reactive or diCrwlt n# stabilize, it b necessary re select a stabilizer system as if the entire pfankizer ament were of this order of reactivity. In this mpect, se of "DUTCH BOV" nun-lead stabiliser* b similar to lead stabilization. The section an "Practical Compiomding* giro many helpful stabilizer reggrscwni for specific nv* t umictm iwfimts Two of the-DITCH BOV VIXITK pnsses* wficittt tubrkaiieg | fabrication m me aucmalty required for hhieiiy. Annoig the nun-lead stabilizers ' overall lubricant. The lubricating properties birium f i fininws rmp airfi On the other > by CAIXTAR k dctetiarly inferiur re i n a es O *< 2* o m ?" 5 5. 2-r+m g-s ?=* O * = =5 ~3 3 sf sr 5?=! r Writ*.*.*, Although Ac necessity for the iacorparattoo of nbitiun into vinyl products io wcQ W'juitd, it it m ** generally miitd that Ac {Hope* dispersion or ioco ntM of Mabiliter is rcqonf for the pratwiat of Msiam ultimate UtbiKip. The ffjjm of stability obtained io soy one system wilt fcpcsf spot Ac i tad type of stabilizer used. Nmrthckit srithnot proper dispertmo of toeh stabilizer, degradation of any vinyl prafset trill occur more rapidly, resulting io low io flexibility; change h color and other physical changes. Kiirtnr case* of putt ditpenine of thr various incorporated materials are usually isdwiicd by risible spots or specie io Ae floished product. This yhcuiuwcono. of oom. is seidom encountered io toy cummercialty acceptable product, but cvco wiAowt the appcaraoce of spotting. Ac mpiircd degree of stabilizer dtspeysmo still may be vnsatrsfactary. Doe to Ae riadoo sinrr of viayl degradation. chaogr io (dot dm occort so localized areas oo Ae surface tad at the edges Where oowe severe exposure cundiiinot arc encountered. Sods faiforc. which may be attributed io part to ~1ncatized stabilizer cxhtmiicn."shows At necessity of having sufficient stabilizer evenly dispersed throughoot Ac plastic compound to inhibit such hcaliml degradatom to Ac maximum degree. It soay be easily dmi dut Ac degree uf diiprrsiuo of Ae stabilizer will markedly affect Ac ultimasr stability of Ae vinyl oopusd. Cunparinm d Ae stability of two cumpounds, one having excellent distribotiuo of Ae stabilizer, sod Ae other having poor distribution. wiU show that a multifold increase so atenure subility wiU be Ac rusk uf more effective stiiiap There arc a anmbrr of processing techniques used to Ac industry to obtain proper snbitlrcr dispersion. AJshuvgh Ae eumpumtd which is to be furshet ptocested by calendering. extruding, injection molding, ur compression ntoldtng. may be miard and fluxed In one step on a tsoisll aniil or Caabury mixer, swore satisfactory dispersion ir ubrsinrf by utmgamu ssrp process sebich includes premising and fluxing Fnniiitf ouy be aceernpliibrd by Awtonghly Mending stl Ac dry ingredtents swtb a* resin. abifczcr, Alter and pigments. ia dough miters. ribbon blenders, puny misers or tumbling blender*. The dry nun ia Am carefully mart wkb plasticizer by nepcssoe . Tbia prenux may Aen be flined m Ae usual processing equipment aHUm awh a* 1HTC1I WOT" CLA1ITE * VI.NITE i.. _ __________ >; CIAX1TC A mi r*OVl- KITE Atm 4if f*4m. fccW CLAXITE B mi rXOVlXITK M fcjnfc Th wMim am W fccil impmirf ly iM.| fc 4rf mgrtOmm tmB mmit. filit mi fipmnm it Bm rumnmg mfimint. TW UgmB ptamt ti At wmim iHrt iUmg .util* fimnimt <irit Bm mmitt ti B iwfmit. -DVTC1IBOITFUIMAX If mi XALZtX .mitmm liitptTmm am. TkywtwriyMn^pl wUjtHwriit If J IJ 1 M Mu il V f,j 1 ] J 1 I Notable amaf Arne o . ` DUTCH BOY" Pit' ing msserials of Ass tyy srill be hud very nsel The tcekohpsc of the degree d fitpmw batelung icsore Am on to a morrsussfoem pmdi paste is a very (Avium dispersed in plasticizer ball milL The dispense may be utilized so a OAc* mstftods of utilize organosols. pias pre-dhpened stabilizes needed for Ae total or o o Col G L --on.rare. r RATION OfAWI STAMIOTW he iaeorpowni of ttabiliwi to viayl products it C/ realised that the proper ditfcniot or iacorpar the promotion of ausutowen ultimate stability. wf to Mf c ijfini will depend upon Ar im iuat nfackn. without proper fiipmioi ol mth mbilim, will atnr More rapidly, nwliiai ia lot ia flexibility, til changes. Katreaar tun of pour dispersion of the re usually iaftcud by visible spots or specis in Ae *m of course, is seldom catnuund ie any cuswwrot vrithoot the appearance of spuuiog, the required U m| be wii(s(W|. 4 vinyl degradation, duap ia color oftea occurs la I af the crffcs where asm severe erpoevre cosfiAai tich nay be anriboted ia part a* -facalued stabiliser 4 having audiocat tubilutr evenly dispersed throughbit sach luealiaed degradatiua so the maximum degree. degree of fiifenwa of the stahilieer will markedly r vinyl cwnpiad. C<onpari*uo of die stability of wa i distfibotsoa of the subitiaer, and the other having aadti'IsM iacrcasc ia shiausc stability will he the of techniques ased la the inJaarry sbola friper e tuapasf which is to h farther pwtwf by iwlfisg or cwaprrisina awMiag nay be anted aad id or Baahccy aurr, awe aamfarfaey dispersion is ft* which iaefadea prtanriag met during fwirif $tj Neadieg aH the dry sagredieMS sach as roan, ia dough abn, rrhbuo bkndcn, pwsy ain ae is Am csiefaOf atfltf arkh ptastsciace by nepwiat Am br based ia Aa aaul pcaccseiag tipipaat * such at "TfCTCIf 0O1T CtAftfTS nf 1*0- mrnrmmpmm sytt; CLAftfTE A tad rftOH* Je CLAftJTE I 4 PBOVKMTE I are Iraida Eurperoid by tfdiag Ae dry powder to AeuAee day and pigments im Ae piraaiiiag lyrrnn. The Cgaad I afwag wiA Ae flMitiser during Ae mniag af Ae MAX IS and NALXtX a*entirety fcprid. tad - -- trim eaac Thyav "* - Additional Methods have been wt3iccd to abasia shorter pre-mixing tad fluting cycles. They shorten the abac ia which the pfanie* tuarpawd mitt he subjected to high Seasperatarcs tad insure woe cimjilttr stitiaf af stsbifi*er tad mis by the pltwidaer. Xocable among these it Ae wse of ttsbiliters specially treated far esse of dispersion. `DUTCH BOY* PLCMB-0-SILC.TRIBA5E-E sod LECTRO*'60`* sre ouutaadmgmaacriaiaof Aw type; and they met tad disperse very easily ia pUtdc auscs. They will he found very useful ia alt applicatiaw* where aabiUtcr fitpmka is a problem. The trrlaiipr of wnrriasching hat bow very swettstfalfy employed ia obufaieg Ac degree of dispersion aeccstary far better shiante stability. Not aaly does miuef* btschiag insure this accessary dispersion, bet it aha tilawi essier htadliag tad resale* ia e aweuniform product, Thefitpmioaof uiWiieria pltstkiacr to focat t tubilita passe is a very obrums atetbod of masserbauhiag. Ia this method, the stabiliser it dispersed ia pfasridter by griadiog on a three-roB paint atilt, ia a colloid mill, or ia baU mill. The dispersion of stabiliser ia tesia hat also beat succcssfalty employed tad ouy beaciltacd iamttfarhtichchip farm,or any be made lam alrutf scmipatte. OAcr awthods of process rieyls, iwb to omiig fiyptf tad catting, which utilise argaaowifs. plascisufs *S rrmsliioa dispersioat, ktvt also successfully etilised pre-dHperted tubliiett. Actually, tuucrbttdet nuy cut the retpartd gtiadiog date ceded fee Ae tool oegaaotol or plastfrol. SAr-.' r ub'ijL --** *:a - .uar --vaK . c'W'Jtr.-^m .VrraKip'.ew.* e -Vvcj*^...fWol- -.c*->^fA's-W^Yf > - - rZLl- ^ -A VL WACnCAL tOHNlDDf.'SC WITH "DITOI 80%*** WVLSTABiUZiXS The fmegorag material hat been of a general nature. Am attempt hat beta made o indicate how specific physical and chemical properties of the "DUTCH BOY** vinyl stabilizers might be most efficiently and effectively utilised. The information that follows is of more specific nature and iu*fratet the application of the "DUTCH 80%*** vinyl stabilizer in a number of practical end uses im the vinyl plastics field. The campound* suggested are by no mean* the only one* that would possess the properties ought for a particular use. In many instances, other similarly mndified composition* may offer advantages in quality, dot and manufacturing esse over the ones suggested herein. There If no intention to recommend one available tunputsi raw material over another in any paiticufar application. The entire purpose ia to Ulus**ate correct general Kdwu|Wf m utilizing "DUTCH BOY** rinyt itabiliim, lo the formulations given, various c*cnp<et raw nuarriafs will be indicated bp generic daises rather than by brand or chemical names. In ail cases the resin described may be either a polymer of vinyl chloride. r a oipilpnrr >4 vinyl chloride with any of the numerous muAufunctHwui umaturated marcriali h use today. Odorants will be omitted from these formulations altogether, although they da couscituir a definite factor in the rtabilizatton characteristics of the vinyl compound. Fillers will be indicated as "filler,** with the choice of the numerous materials available left lo the discretion of (he compovadrr. Plasticizer will be indurated by symbols (run the plaibcixer classification ublc shown on pages 12 and 23. The stabiliser wilt be specifically indicated from the -DITCH 80%"* series. In eases where sane uhrr ounmercialty available stabiliser wU be helpful in conjunc* don with "DUTCH BOV vinyl stabilizers, these w|| oirrrfjr be tadicalcd as "supple mentary subiUacr.** A. EXTIHVIO* COMPOCTiDS There are two general methods of preparing rtiman owpoads f*r the aesuaj extrusion operation itself. These are dry blender pre mising and bus during. The fry maxing is carried out by adding the varum* dry omptoda ia. resin, stabiliser, cofosMt and filter, to a blender where thorough raising pswdum fair relative dispersing The pbnkiaee is heated and sprayed mao the powder naix wish onnawiN agitation. The *emi'fwolln plastic proms may then be directly curndtd. Ahhmtgb she heal insolved in this miaing operuiom ia Uittf tesr and the stabilizer is a lew important factor at this point the higher temperatures required fur testing and eatnsaion of a dry miMd cumpiinnd snafce *.stabilizer of ultimate treat imptrttmee foe thh pnww Catrmhm rmp '-ft-* this sort are srunciimeslsaodled by turn extruders io series. The Aval extruder men to flna and complete the misiog ot the vinyl camp ion!, white the mmI extmder yields the finished prated. Trmprrtosres hwW range fnran 320* to 373* F. for cyctea ap to fatipfsr wieuars. flm tetri onmpapoll may be prepared by adding a well prebtended stock so a ` Danbury sniter as scinpentnrw uf 308* to tell' F. for cycles d toor an eight minosea. The Sanbnry ounp^nd ia then araaeferted to a hut vuwwdl piamt warm-up miK where it ia slabbed off for peltetraing. These prtleto ere uwd odd to feed the tttndcr. Aaubnr tochattote if to to* At hs eom^asnd fsnm the awe roll ptetoe nwH and sttoBy to* 1 cr.3 3 c o nilil-- 3 . <9 .. *=> ?v to O I m ^ * * OS P =^1 r9> S3I Co I3 n- 9 sr wripfeed the ettrwder. Tmp minuses are oKwatcrd duriu warm-up mill for a longer peri The entire Busing and mi. plasrics mill. Cycles up so forty acred under such conditions. T may range up so 373* K, but gj Eteftriml Twu broad classes of cod insulation for wire coating, and protection f primary insultscj conductor to provide electrical insulation rctistance. and the raj long-term etputure to hear fillers are incorpurated to mere fifteen percent by weight ires* Imres' the heat stability. A big! wire from cutting through the In primary insulation "0 "Or and DYTIIAL have stabilizing action aod efecirkaj a not generally required. -DUTCH BOY-TRIBJ 9.of which 675 * rcactivq electrical characteristics tridi any danger of cdur instability] electrical stabilizer f*e priman -utnrcii b o y * t r iim containing6>5 total PbO.of electrical properties of the uJ pmicss the reserve bets stabile carbonate and other similar (U) mates this material -d u t c h am- tEcnf eietrlknt electrical propertiesad UtCTRO-r has ountandinj ties on kasg-imn wiser imn.... to *HV wire where pad ted LKCTAO -to- can to nardf OO Oor CO gravity <4j 0| make* LECTEq far primary insolarion. -DUTCH BOV* OTTI sasnfrreactteeFbfh cwmpares tod in psnicularly uurful in L ^ .-r V.;\y r -`CfTfrft' r*M 'iiT'ila HUrerf I Ifl lUlftM | |a nucncu. cottroom.NC t it h nrrai sor* v in y l s t a b il iz e r s ia] hat beet of a genera! nature. An attempt hat been made lyrical and (hcnkal properties of the "DUTCH BOY* vinyl : efficiently and effectively utilized. The inbrautioa that ific nature and illustrates the application f the "HUTCH a number of practical end trier in the vinyl plastics held. The by no meant the only oner that would possets the properties sc. I* many instances. other rimilarly mndified rumpositions paality, coat and manufacturing care over the oner awggcrted an m recommend one available enportent raw material over application. The entire pwrpre it to illurtrate correct general JUTCII BOY** vinyt stabilizer* inr, various cnnpneu raw materials will be indicated by by brand or chtnietl names. In all cates the resin described >( vinyl chloride, nr oipilywer l vinyl chloride with any nkaal unsaturatrd materials in use t*day. Coforantt will be itsnor altogether. altltowgh they do constitute a definite factor (eristics of the vinyl owip^Kmd. Fillers will be indicated u rf the numerous nutcrialt available kit to the discretion of dieated by symbols fixe* the plasticiser classification table l specifically indicated from the "DlTl`11 1TOY** series. In mmrrcUKy available stabiliser w.wld be helpful in owjunc* vinyl subilizcnt thoe will mere!/ be indicated as "supple* JMM ' methods of preparing tkinmn wapnadi hr the actual wse are ir) Utatet (Me imxw* tad hre TKc 4iy idiat ^ try ix. mw, .ifciluff, re when *M|k aiitim H" " i .ptrejW ire. tW p*md*t mi* in* creMrerex .porere. nail ou1 ika be directly nmW. Ahh>re*h * bM ettnom b (litly Iwr red tfcc tuMiuf b * Inc byoM re Krepcrerera reared Ire * * *"J ' <* **1 litre at dlriauw ft* uapitiaar Ire ihit paarea W1creatiareiVredlcd by rre. xtrWrx m refv TW 4 oaapkre dre ~t at d -rl T*^*^*.^ are* W prepared W ddia i idl pre-Mcadcd arek re ( am <4 JOr re Utr F. Ire tjtln al law re tub itr i un, rew^erred re bat rewreO ylrere re.ll *rr nrepnln.rere*dc-Uretredbc.uwl.Aa-re - Imre d tareadi pi---M stripfevd the encoder. Temperatom of 100* so 350* F. for periods of ten so thirty miauset are tacoearned during such operations. Hnt-siripfced stock may suy co the warm-up mill for a longer period, but is compensated by a shorter cycle ia the extruder. The cadre doling and mixing may be carried out directly on a large two-roD hot plastks nulL Cycles up to forty miouaes at temperatures of 100* Sis 160* F. are encoun tered under such conditions. Temperatures in the extruder (or hot mixed compounds may range up is 175* F, but generally for shorter periods than required for dry mixed Etretrlnl Ton* brand clmes of compi--di are employed in the electrical field, primary insulation for Hre coating, and jacketing or secondary insulation for the mechanical proceeds* of ptimirf insulated wires. Primary iosufatMB, applied directly over Che conductor to provide electrical protection for the system, muse necessarily have a high insolatia* resistance, and the maintenance *4 flexibility and electrical properties during hag-term exposure n heat and moisture is f paramount importance. Selected clay filters are incnrp^iied to increase utaslatson resistance, but amounts Higher than ten an fifteen percent by weight are usually iroukd ns as nut to impair physical properties and losrer the beat stability. A lugh mmancc to deformation is desirable in preventing the wire Inn cutting through the msulatsoa during handling and installation. fn primary inwUtiun "DUTCH BOY" TRIBASE, TR1BASE-E. LECTRO "60** and DYTJIAL have been found exceptionally desirable, since these beat srabiliaing action and electrical prupertka arc outstanding, and unusual light stability is nut generally required. "DUTCH BOY** TRIBASE (tPW>PbSOH*0> has n total PbO content of 195, of which 67S is reactive and tale. This high basic lead content affords excellent electrical characteristics with nuns of the cwnnuwl/ used electrical pfankixers without any danger <4 cubic inaubility. gassing, or ntoiaturc pdnpi TRIBASE is the quality decimal stabiliser fur primary intuition. "IHTCII BOY** TRI BASK-E is a specially prepared basic lead silicate sulfate containing fid** total PbO. of which 50.* safe and reactive PbO. It gives excellent electrical pauperises f the same order of magnitude as TRI BASE, but it does not possess the reserve heat stability of TRI BASE, alikwgb it is superior to bask lead carbonate and other aimilar pigneet materials.The low specific gravity of TR1 BASE*E (15) nukes duo material an ecununirit. general stabiliser for primary insulitsan "DUTCH BOY* LECTRO*W*ie lead cbWaeilicasecamples which possesses execItemeketriesf properties and good heaesubilkycombined with ready dtspcnsbiliry. LECTRO -60" hat outstanding manure resistance and resmtimi nf electrical proper Itesonbwg srrm water smmcriw*. It * patwcularly reeiwtmradnl for appriesriona. mch ae TW ware where gawd hng mm wtm mrntrmm characarrneks are esseneUL UCCTRO -60" can be used ri* n wide range of pbsekittn snehsding certain Hywmka. pbwpbiies and sururssrd ae ether risers. In addition, lee tow apnbfic grausey (4j 0) makes 1KCTEO "T toe mm ee ini "DUTCH BOT*ntbiliter fine primary tnmfniaem DCTCH BOV* PYTIIAl. rtt. reul WJ wmumy. W rtiA hrerereinii, WHLrerererewM> ^TKI1I.\S; I.u^.brre. .i.flMlrere. mt jBrewlnreM re kqiHxfMJrew wire l.wrelnire. u trek S-e* B?: - -.JI* . . c Pt-t*o**4^. _.* '~V/' V} r'wSr * re,a*, V'..*. ' *' :i: i ^***>-s n ;^ v.. ` * . % - '*> `1 y . . .T . . L /'.J-/V2' V-'-."'' ^ -X '* * "V. i''re 2 * * e aui: r TkltTl* TTr^- ^ fc.iXltWarV.v.-a r,U:m nz - -------------- -"*-fl"f**<T-: -~-iy-. *> .-*- ?-f^- zJ^. > mifiiffrufk \mwm Frnfa--iim* N H D\THAt Ac bett mibbie tubiKw f<*r cnpinj; iAib< hi{b titnuini Hwpfri terca cafl^dl aad the ri^rnM heat history viKotwiml in the iabi|>on me of W*C to lW'C- appliance *i(f umjfjiioo. Thit ippcjniabc^ucto* thetnRwulty bur reactivity mi OYTIIAL with pliMkiien noder wrung heat ctwditiuai m compared todetober highly blit lead lubilitcn. "DUTCH BOY" DS-207 pruvidn m effective but m wabiEamg actiea for id ctKviul itodi at a tupplencm to* the primary mbitwr. ft pmridn fabrication wtthmM ioo--ptirbility, and iwpwwt rlonrical properties 4wit| profaogcd water MBtocnMi otadimi Stotolwy ittoiaiiai or jacketing (torbi are eninpnwaJri with nminwhii Sew tstffawi n OMtimum insulation resistance. liact midmii'il prmcctioo it their pev nury htotito. Jacketing itoebi are ttoillf applied in thicker id k k t mi than primary Modi. mI foe chit rca*>o they most be more flexible. (Met prime ro|uiutn are M(b* nrta. ibuiit mirnact, and flame roituacr. The ttaMuaiann fertilemenft differ tototikit foe to the greater exposure to light and oxidative attach. The heat subrliaiog c m aoJ dccuicjl properties < TfUiJASC. TRIHAS and LfXTilU arc nkxly tofpkaacMd with a small idfiiM<il IW*207. giving a gcncrat-porpoec heat and bght romance suitable for jacketing. Where actual whlwe Kfrict ssiU be nonmtcicd. the me of -DUTCH BOV" UVI'liOS mi US-31? it alawne mandatory in totjl electrical tatcki of all n>b(xk types. "DUTCH BOY** PU'MB-O SIl. B and C. W icliow oomn. cwapln pee* cipttttcs mi Icad orthmilicatc and silica get have pl electrical characteristic* i vinyl chloride pdjtotn. Hkik they hare mmolut lot heat mbiliijr ittetti than the man hack tuklimx their low lintiog strength, prevention ad spewing. aod fow reactivity toorh flabnim and odoram ircwape f<*r a number4 pec'af electrical applies* to'atoa. Ckumn tree wiring, ornamental fixture and apfdunce cwk and atrerafi wire, where special <4e effeett and traasfwcency are drtiraMc can be sumpmJol a* bear drjange math l'Ll'MII-0*SIUBrl'l.rMB fl*SII.CTWgw4rfoctncaldtancttfiitiod dm PlUMBOSIUrmbiirf with their hw specific grtricart (JJ rad 2.% myeeswiy). make these material* rpwmkil tttbiBrew which cat be nsed ! vinyl ckctrical applications. "DCTCII BOY" HROVIMTE pmtrMOmu*ntot ab*6(y and gnod light nihility. It it pertocwiarty well suited lor ete in jacketing works where clarity e bright oafon anr desired and where he greater jawlttim msrtmrr of lead naWlism h n* ae^ohe^ SfwM Mater pewiSemi-- Ml hr (lm .tnwr * ^oCi c fluwuBieft w4 l ifcetr nnflnt Mol > dw<rfUVint<M o WMlt'orf x p mT me* * utilise h*k *r i mt ftaiow, m liwwrt pip 14. iypt I A PtMidjee........................ .. t Fife* ......................................................... TOMSKa> TRIMSE-K..................................... 7 .................................. to --* * < *4^.:- foiMWAa r4* =T Xaii........ .. Type I A PI. Type I A PlMbiTfpe III A KJ TypeVHMed Type VI A nJ Filler.............. TRIBASE-E. LEADSTAR. MUWA* Type I A Type IV Filkr ............ LECTROKV DS-207 .......... POMMARP lt%4 Tr-, M .... Type I B Type IV FiUee........ DYTHAL M-W ... 90RPMA V TppeI A Type I PVa^ Fite. TOMSKar V o 0o 01 CO L *^wkl5^C>-v*<T- r noy^rnWnW.,,-;,- <^3^gteaB^ aWe tnWitw for coping with the high ntmioi temper*nen-- hew kiunry encountered in the nahtequettt wt of rare Miwa. THif iffttn to be due to the uauwiliy Im tfc pUticisn wUtr amtg beet conditions u compared d ttahtfueen. fl? pwti4w an effective b> in stabtltxmg action for all enefl w the primary stabilizer. 7f provide* lubrication i iopma Hcctricil pnprrtift dwiag prolonged water r {adttiaf stocks are compounded with tnmewhat lm * liace mcchatiical protection it their pei- b wt andijr applied in thicker wall section than primary f nutotmre ffcxible. Other prime requisites are tuogV d ffamc resistance. The tubiliziiMO requirements differ eapmnte light and midalive attach. The heat Uabiliaiag of Tr.IBASE. TRIBASK-K and LKCTRO arc naff addicts*W IW'207. ptiag a g"w pRcrtt'purpotr able foe jatletiag. Where aciual mitilwe service will be TCH BOY** UYl'IIOS and IJS-2071* atmmt mandatory all no bfn'% types. XIIMTSIL 8 and C. brar mlnm oomt, ownples pry and wiaca get have pud dcrmci/ ebraeneirvie riayl y hare somewhat let* heat stability merve than the mote suing strength. prrrcwi> d iporing, and few* reactivity awwraaiqw fr a number I special electrical applica nt*--rmil ftxiure and appliance enrds. and aircraft wire; d emhcewT arc desirable, can be <umpunded * bat >!L S w Pl.l'MB-O-SIl. t*. The pul electrical charaeSlUemhaed with their luw specific gravities <IJ and e MRriih w --mica! nahltim wfuicb can be used ia 'fXITE pnwKi outstanding heat stability and gnnd light -used foensr an Jacketing stock* where clarity or height HSUnce d lead iubUimt ia Ml far Awtl hr fin. whrngwr far cMwmMrl |>wA i far dteir nccllw rkctricsl fi^nlio ia rmyt h if uJwrf ia Mth mpwli M iuhilirt bwh far cifalfa>Hli 1u1 Li1t1I : i: V j: 1 nniiui IfCwr Oil IWf.,1 l.i.Jfa,. Rate........................................................ 1 AType Plasticizer flow caw)____ V .Type Plasticizer........ ..................... "WFiller.................................................. TRIBASK E w LECTIO ...................... LEADSTAK.................................................... f fOMNiua TV Tff. Ii - 1*0" C.) Rna.........................................................................................m Tjptl A PlaMicixcr.........--......................... .. tf TjiKlVnuticim.................................................. 7-1* raw..........................................................................io -is UTCTHO'W................... ..................................... 7 w-asr......................................................... w nu Tn.|iww ...............in. h.anii.. <i- e.) *oia.........................................................................MO Tjpr I B Ptrjuciwr............... ............................. If Tj*IV PUjbciwr....................................... raw........................................................................... IM DYTtlAL............................................................... 7 D.......................... .......................................... l Tjrfr ( A flifatiMr....--................... # Tyft 11 ....... ............. ..--... M niMse w OYPHQS*..................................... .............. M 17 *** fi:0 - -:>r'rUf.. .Vs .w- . ^ - ..<<*. L / ^>>vV~ tX * ' ' -- 2' >.v . - *-r fafa'^.f.tii'4- mxaa. r Vi. acr'JME^. .-nraerji if* 1G KMMUA VI Urw Jartefbaft furSf Rm.................................................. 100 Type I A Plankicer........ ..................... ...............'. 2S Type XI A Pfamcieer.......................................2$ Type HI A PJatfirixrf.......... ................... 5 PROVIXITKA....................................................... t PROVIXITK B....................................................... | X-- Owififl Ei)nbIN Euwii* oxnpmmfi are mol ta a virkty n# iprritlumj M-clecTricii tpplica* liuti mch t* garden (k h t . (NMifle, treking, etc. The type / iMbiliuiini reifeired h ilku<d hy (nth eml-me mfurremnw* u beat ami light stability. clarity t4 o io . The fottmriag ftirawhtiiim may be fu>JilcU |Wvulii(J k i by varying filler m4 plaepoacr ut ubiiia the desired physical pr^*erttc* and (vunw| chifMcriekt. Where stiller nk< are formulated with fower plasticiacr amuunt*, the extras** heat History bctumci imre tevere, ami Higher pt*pnnmm* <4 rtabiliacr matt be nd foe adequate pnevetioa. The 4 a fiarar p4i4iinc operation trill cmmitun an additional high Heat cycle and re|ure additional tubitintwa. "DCTCII BOV" TKIBASK and TRlll.\*K*H are rrvtemnded for general paiyotc rf4t)ur extrusion*. The high baric lead o mit m of these trahttuers contribute* a big* urder f hcJt ujbtliiy. UImi finimfiflf *cvcrr o.Ut*m* ale eatmaletet, KfeuVKhntruiM tm|vrinm, 'IMTC'II IKrtTM l?YTIIAI. iMhr l>gic*l chum. OYTtlAl. ih'it'tunbvln Ilp.fp.**e J.jchi cwbclity. "1)1 "TVII HOY~ DYKIfOS b At umotaatimg luhlinr kti JjipIk'ciM.t wch n p j h w xitjci Xaae cn4 ijiliir. S.l im pmcciMi i|iiM the Jchwiwi rilcvh >4 tluj-tiuki light * i*w t|mmk IXTCII BUY* PLUMBO-SIt. Ruirmnlh mptb* f or height cutxn. I. iiMiuus >. choc *> dtig tueagth, theic km tpmfc grcretin ice --ml Am tor leer ml typlirMim, -OfTCII >r CUJITE hu pm h wirf bretar pnttr taanmmt. wch tt gukcueg. eftm. tie. Who* nvmr-n cbiby ul mtdbrin * <r*l '(HTCH BBT FIX* MAX Aall bc wt In w4 httt amt light *My. emAmct with eaerftimjt taae cl imwpintii iimmmil ic npuUy Ktk**h<K F. retrain caucki ctluch will 4c mieuu m mUJr emt a < rniiamima at Min FUMIAX W or CLAXITK. end! .\AMIX b n mm.alrt. -IXTTII KMT IH-V.UiwInl mme. iceeteer *r eoblily * erne* aim i- -iy rf *** pwrilig Mrictm mtlama --fUlT U^IWTA*. mmwut kaicnmahianrcal calm giaama Mam * Awcl irwWieg heghly fn-J r -r -a- until mxr aUT.Ik AW*! iAAw leieemm n* -IXTCU ampin kal intiMim FOtMULA V* zr s 2. * Type I A PI* Type I A I Type III A 1 Type III B I FLOMAX a | FeancAdl . rataewA va Type IA I Type I A I Type III B I Filler........ OVPIIOS. 03-107 ... Type S A I Type II B I Type III B I PLUMB-O-Jj DM07 . o o ccoon TypelA Type IB Type II B Type III A PBQVINI FBOVIX KALZUf . f-Zrevtti, f a tr1 CD \o L co mm,~o >v>r r /. >J<iVlh>IWVUtWfin .............. .....................100 tiKkucr.................................................... ZS Ptiuidicr............. ............................-- ZS Plsttkizcr............. ............... S TEA................................................... Z fEB................................................................... I ate atcd ia i variety id specialuni ..electrical applicarhuhctliae. wefiiag. gailetieg. etc. The type M Habiliattim It cad-arc rnprirctaratt at heal ml light stability. clarify u4 w m may be RtiJilwl lie ffrrialitcl net by vatyicg filter ti ablaut the doiftJ pbyrical pniprftirt and prucettieg tf ndl t fiimeilated with kmer plattieiacr tiwnali, the i wt revere, aed higher pruportii.r l trabiliaer mwt rectiuw. The uacU>Hi d a Imk P"iihiag upcraiii. will jh heat cycle ard retpsire a.Uitt*Hul itabiiiabe. MBA5K and TKin.VSE-K arc ftowmndtd tue goetal . Tbehigb baak lead eeew d Ant taabiiiaera oetribtM ility. Whoa ptakmUrlj tererr owditew* are eacueetercd, pemsm,"IHfTCII in>V"III7I1.II. it the hatkal titrate, -peal ail-pracpree light liability. "l>t*Tt*|I BOV* ItVFUO* rr fur application tech w afUfe garde* bine sad rpliec, e dekteriowa etfccta >d aiiracr-Hct tight >et wthae o(.awt 'MH-O-SIl. 1 aed C are net ie affHaritM mpririeg I. ta addita. > their hwelieitag wrtegth. their haw iftdfit fee brer oat appliratiuaa `.KITE bat fttrti at be jemiodarty welt wild tee dear .-rtfcatieg. wcllieg. tfdiwc. etc 7 wad aaa-ycttrwiag are dewed -IMTVH BOV* FUb tt gaud beat and fight rtabrbty. wmibiarl widt i arrytaod aaced it especially fw dear gardee kwe. tbacb wail be retiwaae kt aahfidr waiaieg. a n aehiaeti ai .'MIITE. wttb NAI-ZI.V. ia recaaaradtd. Hg. diberic lead wearate. aatreatea the wabitiiy d ae etttw weidieg labrktnuw webawl oowtpa.brley. I.LII)STAt. ggewad wbew greater Meicity it detired ie eatewdia* highly I'll Bn* CAUr.lb ftedn efiMbt MfitiM adl di ......................................................... 100 Type | A ffwticittr...........................................ZS Type I A ftaekinr (lour cot).................... . IS Type III A rtadcucr...................................... S Type III B Pfawkuer.............................................10 FLOMAX ZS.................................................... Zl S SteaetcAdd................................................................... U dyapw Hardee flaae Retie......................................................................... 140 Type I A Hawkrace................................................. ZS Type I A ttjMkuer (low cot)........................... IS Type III B Rwtkiarr............ ................................W Filler...................................................................aMO OYPIIOS.......................................................... os-m......................................................... os-t roueuu r Tiwwiiterewe wr btrkhdy Calered Brhlv (flier Knliliq) Rote ........................................... .. Tjrp* 1 A f%mideer........................... Type fl S fhiirim......................... Type Ifl IfteiMicr........ .............. PLOMBOAILC..............................-......... OS4V................................................ A Type IA flawriacr.............. . V Type I B Wawriter...............................................M Type II B Ftawiiieie............ ............................. If Type III A Rwiriate.......... ................................ f movtxmsA............................................ t rRovixmt a.............................. i KAUtnt_______________--.------------------- r z s * * -V:'* *-* - T-tr- > L 1 r 2Uii&>> / i i .' * ,.i t-CX&'*VTUttr*f ST --' --"HT* ~" ' ---- r--ij-- r^^--i tit ~Rim ir FOCMIXA n Mi^m riVftif lla! .'........................................................................ 100 Type I A Plasticiser................................................... 30 Type I B Plasticiser................................................. IS Type IV Plwiorn................................................... IS Tiller........................................................................... S-IO DYTHAL................................................................. S 00-207 ...................................................... ftj-l mo mma xn 8|h oc Other fbuoorl [Mai-- Rrsia............................................................................100 Type I A Plmkiier.................................................. IS Type I A Plasticiser (lew c o m)............................. IS Type IV Plndaw................................................... IS Filler........................................................................... W DYFHOS ...................................................... S LEADSTAR............................................................. I B. HIC1ILT nULEn 5F3H-K1GID COMINXJNDS FOR FLOOR TILE. TA1LETUM wo on e mo l d in g Thai special data of viayl products iaclodet hoar tile, table tops, aod sore saoldia*, The high goer enaleal calls far careful oaapuoadiag mi proccttiog tcehai-paes. Proper fnit| ia the prucraiag step sad dnmaaiaaal stability the (aialtrd psudect repose Mac targes taeieata of ssahifieees he captayed ia these pwiparadt. FORMULA Sill shews a typical tcaadard Sana-rigid sock which dues aa cuataia atbcsM. CLARI S E A. esed abate, supplies eacelleal heat aubaliqr ia caatpouads al this type. It precesses aaaaaably. aad ha gond clarity allows osaaiiaawt freedom ia vivid color efuicra. IM revolts arc abrtiard by asiag a saaC amotsoc of CALSTAR wish the CLARIS L A, aa Moan ia Me iffustraaaa. fllblll I'll -- `J - a--a~-r---------* ------------- J.a-_^iam Oraa I trT -* ^ aadiosraiimil stability aad troaiiag chartcarriaics. hue it pasa ti tbilillli n problem. Ueecaiaraciuo due au in-- aad usherjwpoeasia io *c ssbrwM ia pravaased by dw aw of "DUTCH BOV NORMASAL. The amuaat <1 NORMA- (AL -Tfr--* is S~. ed the pita of aabevoia pancac. The calae MabrUaiag l NORMASAL wish athesam hikes h spuohc. aad it is aw dopheated by say < imta -DUTCH BOV* Cl NORMA5AL for eudi ie rCRMUU iry for thae lyMan (a heavy July ipplio esah. the atore basic stabilij E. aad LECTRO faint haa beta fin NOfUIASAL mi TRIB MOMMA X* Roia . Typet A I Type **I A Filler........ CLARITE CALSTAR MOMMA Of Rcsha . Type I A I Type III A Asbestos Til Filler.. TITANOXJ 1 NORMAdi CLARITE CALSTAR r- - 'I ^-TII-------- ^ r JS. /. * Sj . i i ~*" ''** - * mi HI II dll. -- - y>ty tar -. n.--fx ........... ..............100 ludeim.........................................30 'Irstkistr......................... 1$ etodcer................................................. IS ................................................................. S-IO ................................................................. S ................................................................. OLS-I Ha. ar Otter Chi ml I ...............................................................................10# laatieiaer........................................... ZS laoicizer (lowcoat)..................... .. IS ............................................. IS ....................................................... W .................................................................. S X.......................................................................... I UUMSID OWrUIIMH FOR FLOOR TILE. TABLE TUPS E r( pralocti iachaice A-/ tile, table anpe. aad orn mMimf. or caief.1 ampommimt mi pcuccaaiac tcchwtm. Proper - taf li.icxin.al aubility m the fiaitlrl predate! reqaare area he ernfhiynl ia three cm.pno.ea. FORMULA XIII i-rigid aaoch which doea w* cuauia aabceam. CLARITE teal heat atahtltcy ia tiiwpiioelt af Ah type-1 ptweeeiee 7 allow* anteawtre fttedma ia iid color Aoe Ben a___111 Ml CAL3TAR with the CLARITE A. oo stability aal icaht ticticarion bat h pt o diaiate 4aroma do* to aooa awl aahea^xpoeieieo ia the uhcoaa ll ifIITIChHll VOIr- X---O-----R---M-----A----S---A---L---.-T--h---e----a-aooat m4 NOR. MA.maoaataf oahaoaoa preocah The eolae atabilteiag ertaea m , {Hen laiprralbkaa daytime* by awy taboo DUTCH BOV" CLARITE A >i highly rctaumtadd im nnjiifiin XOW1ASAL for wwftrf ubcttot'hllcd Mock*. Appfkstjao of this prioctpfc is minted im FORMULA XIV. CLARITE pwWes the $44i6mil bat *ubiUty Mcanry for these puMlsrtjr whe* Type II plittciicw are mted tkm feeewlatsoo. Im btnj Any ipflaiii when owe rij(ent nnoittoiuna for heal trahaHcy eieaac. the oinre batic KaNUxen uch at TRI BASE.DYTHAL. DYPHOS.TRI8ASEE wf LKCTRO TW ore oml, the telectio, dcpcadiny oa the hex aod light .ability iaiitf, it ha* bee. Atutd prceiouily. FORMULA- XV illoanan the aac of XOUUML wf TRIBA5E for primary beat atabtiity ef a. aabeMoa-tUled taoefc. SrmUlfcM (Waa C.li.la.) Rena......................................................................... IM Type I A Rattkiter.................... SS Type HI A Flaatkucr.......................................... S Filler........................................................................ CLARITE A......................................................... 1 CALSTAR ................................... I Staalarl ItltCw SooMU|ftl Rema......................................................................... MB Type I A Plaitieiate...*......................................... M Type III A PUariciaer............ .................................H Athene FtRer.........................................................IM Filler.........................................................................IM TITAKOX RA-................................................... KORMASAL......................................................... 7 CLARITE A......................................................... I CAL5TAR ............................................................. I foanuuar Hoaoy lhay I Rena Itparitl bate awlttoltt weight triwyl nyilyit)..................... MR Type IA Pttwtcher............................................. M Type 11 Plaotirtoar.................... f Type V Floatadaer..................................................... AMnaa ........................................................ > ..................................................................................................JS TTTAXOX RA-M........................... M KORMASAL............................................- J TRIRASE.................................................... * .... .............................................................. * a ' t9 * -g ST zj o 3 ~ 2.11 S. ^=r -I 2 g-r* ST g-s ST a o f +3 r = h -3 3 a. =r -- 2. = ; e3 0oo 01 CO BS9 r J g'.*'*'. ':`~~v~yd12'','~.r;--->'^ ----- 1 ^'JBXZZL. ' *.' -C.-C-v; -- -- ---t- .-I. -,_ )/ c The <tutMpn of ipcri! high molecular weight vinyl resin* hr die mia manu facturer* hat made h (Miibtr to extrude and calender rig4 (umpHHiioM Products each as fife and fitting!. sign* and advertising displays, and panel* (or construction of baiUmei. idee paflrtMut. breeaewayt. etc.. are attractive and imktibk when aude (ii rijtd ainyia. SabiUinwa is a problem h(ic pnicnMiK temperatures ranee frum 350* F. M 390* F. The best development >( physical properties and maximum impact strength h obtained with amistoreof r; DVPIfOS and 2*1 I>$*207. as illustrated in the formula below. In a amber of industrial applications, the use of larger proportHms of TRtBASE or DYTIIAL io combination with DS-207 has also proven vaiiubie, fowMi xn KfH Fovmufctton for Fifewtou. Hml&m* me Cdradwhg* lniaM...................................................................... too Type I A Plasticiser.................................................. 0-I0*#* DVPflOS ................................................................. 2 DS-2Q7 ....................................................................... 2 a CALDKUO IJttlllHWDS Calendered xb k supported and unsupported film ami ItcsiMc sheeting art produced by first thoroughly prrbtendsng the vompooent ingredients in a dough mixer, rihhun tin frr. rir The prrblcnd is then (luted in a Danbury miter k periods of four toeighl numaars at temperatures of 320* to IW' K, The llaabury stock is transferred la siting and warm-up iwu-ndl plastic mills where either h**4 strip* or be mlied slabs am fed to the calender. Ssckt are maintained at IS)' so ISO' F. mi the open mill fur period* Wmu twenty-five minutes. The entire (fusing and mixing cycle may be carried Mt ui mt uperaeiun on a hot (w in II plastic mill at temperatures of 320* t 350* F. for fifteen to fiiny minufe period*. Many p*wesson prefer M put Use plastic stock through Kim before file final warm up msU operation. The time m these nramen mil range front five to am minutes, and high heat* w J*>` K. nuy be built up. Calendering is (titid an mm fim- *r tour-roll stack calender* or m the /. type tour-mil calender. Calender* m operated at temperature* of W t W*F, but pImmc working banka Irtuot the fuB* will average ten tn twenty degree* higher in temperam*than the tuB* finMilm hr an friettoaal heal bmld<upu A thrcv-rwfl calender will no* give a* extended he* eipmrt * the fmr>niil type. The (utMdi /-calenders tun the mtl lhr~ri*~ * greater speed than the four-iwB vertical such calender, and the he* eapmn* cycle it accordingly reduced. However. h* working banks of the /-calender are only espmed n* a W* aie awHare and tend to hold in more heat than < she vertical calender which should rfualit* the heal history between these types f Mtifuvk tommedeirm. The nwmkioguf trim, cither by dirni ho* addition to the kedhanU, ne by addidnn b I t fiaed ytmmtr toahe original virgin hatch, wilt act a* multiply chi* heat binary, r -y *t practice tor calendered samba vetir* aeoodmg to ptirtw.ag cundstom* in me.m^dw typeof film or sheetmg bring produced. The tofSowsngl*rmuianmi m Mcaamvud *e varncy f *opmem* that make np ttocka which am* me*many tw4uaiin)hnlf sm.wiiunow <' li' `i1 i V V V V V V V i! j i j j II PIcrj o s as c o 5* 2 S Sj 3^m-- a. * requirement*. Proper ac previously outlined, utinj processing and iewurkio| r* <S I sf-hl P* Iz e> c 3 'm 3 i. to For oumandiag dir FLOMAX 25 it the first Uibuted by FLOMAX with a svide range of pit enable* the compounder MAX 25 h entirely litjui to dirperse. FLOMAX 2 i* often a valuable aid in "DUTCH BOV* PI nod other high quality api nmhniiMn of hear and above (hat of FLOMAX equal an FLOMAX 25. yellowing. Of itself, PR< stocks. When formulacw determine whether any u Where complete fret NAIJtlN may be curob mended amounttof XAL of non-stainsng stocia are "ijcnrcii nor r atabilimt in the entire pfastksaer* and ptou PLUMB <>-5(L C to p extremely helpfui The af tinting strength, plasticiae attractive for both traaslw in mast types of sheeting same properties are fair Far apiifuc film, m fltabiGsers are outtiandini big greater rearm he* especially suited toe hem temperature calendering t aStu provide strong hr* a fievtarly reeumnwnded o 0o 01 CO Careful emtauf af The lubriraaing action at advantage in mafmetian ciabfa jo*--'iditnf nfgnn BOV LEADSTAR k p L r r *v ' 5u%K-0>^r.--j . itf**Svi.;*W`us!. J-fi. - 'v' V>--<iJrn%S> -CVV *^T>77^.~-*-^x* .rra:jr^-'^J.'-f1 Mb- -- * iiiiimi'i ii>~-i ii'rn ii-- rir to- _ u.-.3AiZ*fi:xsac * rasa -. ^ ^---------------- .,. ^JUr -* Vfm*^ai^4Couto-*Si. >(cullM(iiaHi((Uf(hlht viaytreiiitbfltKRiiiitMi. viblr lu otnA aad akiJcr rigid (oafatitiaH Products *** rod advertising deploys, rod panel* lor omaruction o| bfwzcirijfi, cac, j u t attractive and tmitablc when nude 'tern became pemreuiag temperature* riap from 350* F. to ten* of phyricaJ properties and maximum impact strength ta 2?# DVPIIOS and PJ DS-207. m illutirated in the formula tfriit ippiirokto the we of larger proportteo* of TRIjmKmina ndi OS-317 ha* itw proven rsfaibk 4im for Fxlrwtew. SbMfap or filwhi^ ................................................................ 100 tiNktMr........................................... ................................................................ 2 ................................... * 0-10*** WPUj s oppuned and Binppwrf fin and Inibk sheeting are y prcbbpding >te oMpaiou ingredient* in a dough niut, -blend i then Saved in a Banbury miner for period* uf fonr cure* of 329* to W K The Banbury nek it transferred to oil plastk nitU where either Inn strip* nr Inn rolled slab* chi are maiaismtd ai MU' a* 350' tr. on the open nrll fr minute*. The retire fiwxiag and miringcycle map be carried (pljiwasS ai temperatures cf 329* to 350* P. 9m m3*. )|njr pKnnw prefer Vi put the plastk nek through m-up mill nperatwa. The time in these arraiacr* will range *d lugb hrati m W' F. map be built op. Calendering i* roll alack eaten ter* or an the Ztype teoe-roll calender. peramre* of 120* to Vd* F-. but ptnac wwriing hanha cn to twenty degree* higher in tomperatofc than the roOi >eai build up. A drive-roll calender will mm give M feue-ro0 type. TV tour-roU 7.<iWcn run the mdk four-roll Tctwcai turk calender, and the hea* eapmurt l lwmr. the wurtung teaki f the Zcikadcr art only J lend to hnUm urn heal than m (hr vertical catender. byNdteecahutaHana to the htflwK e hp Wifiimn ,gmal virgin broda. will act muteplr thi* heal %imr% t etlcndciud m-cha varie* acroedmg to processing rondh m if ihrrT,-gt-="ff n.uutoi.Mlidm W tmmfvmom Am mate np arorfte which nan a >mwn*n fmiitauawtau V s* V V V S' V V >! ] ] ] ] requirement*. Proper nabtliaation teftevr* the general principle* which have been prcrioosly outlined, wing the mure baric uhtitm where nuiimum heat ubility for pwcoihijjaf reworking i* needed. For mrtitandiag clarity and rrtmaoce to yellowing and plaie out. "DUTCH 90T* FLOMAX 25 it the first choice for film or sheeting. The heat aad light subtliry can* tributed by KLOMAX 25 i* of a high'order. FLOMAX 2S cn be HKimfully wed with a wide range of plasticisers. including rhe more sensitive type*, and consequently enable* the couipouadcr to formulate with the widest possible latitude. Since FLO* MAX 2$ i* entirely tepid. it it also the easiest of all the "DUTCH DOF** stabilizer* to disperse. FLOMAX 2$ has lubricating properties. A tmall unniotof ucaric add is often a valuable aid in processing. "DUTCH BO)** FROVl.MTK ia roc--unended for the heavier type of sheeting and athcr high |uality application*, where a clear stabiliacr is required with an excellent rombtnaiMio <4 heat and light stability. The heat subilitp of PROVIXITE is Uighliy ihm that of FLOMAX 2>. while PROVIXITE*# light itabiliaiag action is nearly equal to FLOMAX 2s. PROVIXITE romhinn high clarity with good resistance to pelltiwing. Of iticlf. PROVIXITE fun a definite lubricating action in vinyl plank stubs. When formulate** arc based on PROVIXITE, the individual case wilt determine whether aap additional lubricants will be required. Where complete freedom front sulfide staining is mandatory, "DUTCH BOY* XALZIX may he combined with cither FLOMAX 25 or PROVIXITE. Recom mended amounts of XALZIN are discussed in detail o page 19, and several examples of nun-staining stock* arc shown in the teewuistem* betew. "DUTCH Wir PLUMB O-SIL's are amrog the most versatile and | stabiliacr* in the entire field of calendered vinyl product*. If sensitive and reactive plankirns and colorant* arc present, the ability of huh PLUMB-OSIL B and lT.UMfl-0.9JL C to provide taceUtm tubihty with a miehnum of reset*viiy te caircnsrly brlpfuL The additional propenk* ol PLUMB-O-SIL B or C, such as tew timing strength, plastkltef spew absorption, and luw volume cmt. make them especially attractive ter both translucent and opaque kin They arc widely used and recommended an amt types of sheering such si brsr\ Mark* pattoH aad mid cater* where dto same profurtk* are desired, For npaque fihn> and whito paasei Peering, die -DUTCH B0T* baric lead tahilsacT* are outstanding. DYT1IAL and DVPIIOS are oaed tee products reqakteg greatev reserve beat stabstiiy tumlterf with esccOrnt light subs'lity. They urn especially inked tee heavier sheeting, wbetv wrung stabiliastten is needed ter high-I tomperatorc calendering and reworking qriti TRIBASE rod LECTRO V wUI aim provide sarong brat stability. LECTRO -0* and die PLUMB-O-SIU art par- I of rstendering t nd unsterna mm mrtakg dtoacaae of "DUTCH BOV DS-JBL Tbr tebrkaamg aedma ad DS-JflP te upaprn and wanilatcm stocha k eropbyed to nlaanaatote ctodonoian wsds any nl dw"IHTCII BOV^nibifiter*. When appeu* nbhftrqmnaiascaof organkesaeee^aideplawkiaeri meptunsfitand "DUTCH BOV LCAUSTAR ia preteread aa I t `Efc?:*: f.'-yy.-u. ; v>y L r mLuez*: '~*~^JC,~J*JJ***~jrtill,tf~~`11hlliitiUr:|,|r>M'i'fai ft il*iiniff iilin saB^S5te.r.-raa8t: JS ra> (t *i>t ms . iw) Special characteristic! la be kept fas o m4 ladedc laee teuvtmce, beat sraliaf 4 priolability. CLEAR FILM POtMUA XW Bfch Qaclhy I Reaie........................................................................... 10# Type I A Platticiaer.............................................. 21 Type I B Plaiticirer............ .................................If Type III A Ptasairiice.......... ................ I Type IV Plasticine................................................ II FLOMAX 25 .............................................. .......... 15 Smile AeM..................... .......................... ........... U POMUMA XVM V V V V V V V V rl> lt%h QeaHty On ................................................. i i Type I B Ptsukttcr....................... uM J ................. 5 1 l1i ri.OMA.X If.............. ................. ................. 15 i y^r9i ........................ ......... ................. <l 5 Arif ........................ ..... Vu nMun Pfl^l i LearCmeOaee ,,........ .................u... wji b 11 i m* Type 11A Plaicieiece......... . Tffi III A _________ FLOMAX 25 ................................... ....... ......... f 15 j i ] i i eras 3 -- < c o " SI i 21 " ar #*i =r a ixiQe fl o o !lC W 3 =r 3 90 Uxtwl he ttiaitti Irosc RMMUU XX RWkQn Rctia .... Type I A Plat Type I B Pla* Type II B Pli Type IV Platts PLUMB-O-SI, DS-207 ... Supplcnmtary KMMUAX Type I A Plait Type I A Plait Type II A Plat Type III A Pit PLU.MBOSII FLOMAX 25 These mcli may be made II at Type V plaiticiccr, or b H(||| a e Type I A Pint, Type I S Plairi Type IV Ptauk OTPHOS . DS-20P .... Type I A Ptaadt Type I A Plaaait Type II A Plata Type III C Plat Fake PLUMBOStL LECTIK>*M". OS-SV OO con 0 r '"m I'r^-riiTir / At be kept ia aead iacMc tame ttMUacc, kca< i CLEAR FILM Bfck Qmlbr date* .......................................................... 100 eiatt.................................................It eiatt............................................IS tidier............................................ t eiatt.................................................10 ........................................................... ZS .......................................................... u I Qi illty OreeHn^aalalep ..................................................... 109 deer............................................ date................. It tidiir.............................-............. 1 iter............................. ...................W .................................................. it ............................ ..................................................... U i ......... m .... .................................................... in |h* ........................................ xtaer.................. I* ............................... * ......................................... IS ........... ....................................... M V V l.J M `i1 V V Mn Sli'i li j i i TRANSLUCENT FILM Urrfil lot auedard (rowed finiid at vivid Midi aod eaka KXUtUA XX lllpfc (Hkr Trwilvrrat (Flare* lelaiil) Item........................................................................ 109 Type ( A PUsddatt..................................................JO Type I B Plasticiser............................................... IS Type It B PlMkinr...................................... (9 Type IV Plaeiciecr................................................. f FLUM8-04ILC................................................. M DMU..................................................................... ftlM Svppkexaury SubiUxrr....................................... OLS-I POCMUA XXI Iwar Cart Traaalaceat ......................................................................... 109 Type I A Plaaakiecr............................................... It Type I A Plauiciacr (low coal)............................ 17 Type II A Plasticiser............................................. 19 Type III A Ptankiecr........................................... I PLUMB-O-SILC.................................................. 1 FLOMAX S................................................... OPAQUE FILM TVtc exit may be made tame minaatcithcr by ascivdiax I to 10 parts el Type II er Type V plntidtcr. or by the aae a( 1:1% aalimaay oxide, bated the rtaie. mOedbyOyepe* ........................................ 109 Type I A Ptaseidacr...............................................ZS Type I 8 Plaaticiatr............................................... It Type IV PlaatkUir...................................................19 OYPliOS ............................................................... t .................................................................................... 4 Lae Cam Opepaa ................................................................. ...109 Type IA Ptwefcisar.............................................. IJ Type I A Plewirier (law earn)................................ 19 Type II X Hasbdeee......................................... * Type III C Ptaabciesr........................................... * PMar.................................... .................*............. PUniMMILC................................................. 1 ..................................................................................... 1 .. ................................................................ * er ja a -- j c a2. 2c. =o rSo " ~2 o - m m rnw ^ Oa aA*" r ft ^-a -m. bAa V M VW% Oo W23 --z-1 cO 3 3 r* =r - o o 0 01 CO . w/r-s >* V `JR TjpCfJ V's* -re-U. ` *- L --a . , . V * I- . era w. * * _. 3 tr1 H M UI \D OJ .Ca r !* '.t--. T nnJUvSbdl^a^uTm^MaiTM) Special pmbleim UVbhrcd include beat eaJiat. pcuuability, iwl i bgu4 pnnc f*4i thing. H%k QaaCi? CUr (Flav Mm) .......................................................................... IDB Type I A Ptanicizer..................................... .......... It Type I B PtaMieiicr................................................. It Type If B nauiciut................................................ IB Type III A Plauiciicr............. ................................ S Type IV Plaoieizer.................................................... 10 PROVIXJTE A........................................................ 2 FROVIXITEB........................................................ I fOCMUA JOIV IIW> Qaalky Ow MMU Reaia............................................................................ 100 Type I A Plasticizer.................. ........................20 Type I B Plasticizer........... ................. ................... IS , Type III A Plasticizer............................................. < Type IV Plaassciicr.................................................... IS FLOMAX 2S............................................................ S XALZIX.................................................................... OS KtMWA nm Hfcfc QmTtr Bc m far BWA. mm VI.M Galen (RuarMM) Ron............................................................................. MB Type I A Rwidtcr.................... IS Type I B Plasticizer.......................... IB Type II B PlMiciace................................................. B Type III A PtMlcieer.............................................. * Type III B Riwiriai............... .............................. 0 Type IV ....................................................................... PLUMBO-SII. C........................................ I FROVIXITEA........................................................ * FROVIXITEB........................................................ I ISM leebelayfarlMtaltMOAai (IWMM) .............................................................. MB Type! A Pfaaitciacr................... JO Typell SPtMMeee............................................ Ttae III A Iteakiaer............. .. IB l^ytlll f Pbaioete............. .. N IT 1 yjjMM.su.c................................................ J * 2S #*** i!i lI 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 . ] I Type I A PI* Type t 8 Pin Type If 8 PI Type IV Pita DYPIIOS DS-2S7 .. tmmi Type I A PI* Type I A PI* Type III A P Type III CP Type V Plaak Piflee ... PU'MB4>SI DYTIIAL .. LEADSTAJl E. mo id l n c cnarotra rini.iM MmUm* UoUiK t tiny! cUeii mdlal MbttkAic einyl n ilrflac weijcle aoputywr* wtfncc "tag*** ebaractcfboc paf wear mittwr m4 n* iinoyl Kon4fituMj{ U Udtty+i (tp*Attse IlM wlwHfm. Win traesf CAL5TAR it *r HpcaX d* TW c*wp --ailimiy be =: HireAe Iplaakzassr calralrr.TW lit* fttanleinali ky a laary aaatfcrr at o oo Qcn niasaecyck a SV M IIP* uBeaa all cafcaOff at IH OpkaaOiaa. kis.aaz r o uTmro. M3. nu) ociaU* heat taliag, friaatibjr, m4 i fty Onr (Ft..... Wwlill) ...............................................to* if....... ........................................... IS itw.................................................. IS oxer.................................... M tkUcr......................... .. S tw............................................ M ............................... * ........................................................ 1 H>r Qwr ft.. <Ni.ts ......................................................... lOS iter......................................... 2S aw................................................... IS daw............................................... S w.................................................... IS ............................................... J ......................................................... M Bwr (>r SbrV. at VhU CJUn (llwiMua) ......................................................... MS aw................................................... IS tw................................... M aw................................................... Haw............................... S .Haw....................... ......................................................... n :.......... J ............................. < .................................................. I ddrilGlw (IhwMdri) .............................. m aw..................... taw........................ IS daw............................. IS daw.............. ................................. W r........................... S a .*aaattaaaataaaaaaaaamv ............................................ i M `i1 M M V VV 11 u i. Cl V V 11 V V 111 4t MQMArWfsfTUnaJrydi* (PI--rUnlilt) K--i.......................................................................... tOO Type I A Ptwiriicf........ ........................... ...........O Type 1 8 Ptatkixer........ ................... ................. . IS Type II 8 PUsneuer.................... .................. .. 10 Type IV Plankiirr............................................ 10 DYPffOS .................................................................. S DUO..................................................................... Ol S-I MOMMA X8X UvCatlwrferYMlniarfMb R--......................................................................... a.............. a a a 100 Type t A PMcicer................................................ 10 Type I A Ptaitkucr (I-- ewe)............................ 10 Type III A Pl--icim........................ ............... 10 Type III C FlMtkue*...................................... IS Type V flasbcwce...................................................... S ro ................................ 10-10 f'U'MB'O-SU. C.................... ........... ................ 4 DYTItAL................................................................ 1 LEAD3TAR............................................................ OS-1 S. MOUMBC attOHKKOO r-piw in MmUimm MwMieg mi vieyt (hkitr rata* he* bece prMuriljr i* die field et c--patmm --Mr I bmfc Me wwwk Thete vie>l owpeiili ere beet m de lower --iceebr vntie cupdyewr tturn mi arc mad mkh refjr toiW pUideieer, it *f. * relief <4<r--rmt--. Aey wtcuey m --Ji "bewy" puliiie will pr-- pm ear ireeir mJ rederr lijpi Urii>y. The etc f "IHiTCU BOY" DSIOi rseyi m--It c--iai--ie fitter*, has hem +* p/*--** the ewui-- degree d Oddity *t rtpeletiMialm.rha^ifli<Mlilbli>miwdtyMcrtaM --aalaiam. Win fraaafaww ngd wdlti aw Ind, "IHTC1I SOT* CAL3TA* . *r Wdtd thin hr a Mmaat-naWiaw. The r af na It atay ha wiiaS hy ttwal pwedatta. la swwaMtia IdrtMrw ywhlml *r iacmlhm thwwfMy m a ntdaa Mmlw. auaMw. w 4w(h aaiaw Mm aay atd 'fwatiwa aw and M. Vwat a Bwhwy <" m a l<a*th I - --,------------- * gj- a. 300* F. i ir nidartwy wild* adAnd* | Sm lYTr-T - -r -* **" -*--r-t~-a-- a tjftU lahrat thr anahwr rawwM twh h4 id. a I tadadr.Tha aMHaaaat]Kkaa|Mah to a. wa dawa at MfM I tw* aaa dptw kihw Wa. d the Baaduy. Tha Ml acarrf iwa hard) ______ihya faary wadw wk fcarmhaaihadr. AWara wddgrfadda waw.1 ad way hr haAa. d. daiM dad* A Ira dtharaw whww ia w cany -- *t mmm Saids ad and* wtod* w a hd nm~M yd** daw and at OB' a. JW r. Hr h* <aa ia <afa* tawaihr *> d M> * M Sdr i t " n`-- *--jahdaw. A.a<Ai^d ahrwaayaaalawiataytpcaaad. iwah Alia Wa iwS ill rrTtTn*^-y-u****ti***,"'*l',l*` %hawldi.hddw * IB> mill -- * %**** ': L V*- /; r / 71m cold bitnio arc placed oa (mm xcam cablet before the actual record pressing la Made. The temperature* of these tablet range from 2*0* to 300* F. fa aavaal cates aa attriiakal biteuit may be left om them for tercral ban. Normally this preheat cycle will late from tea lo thirty miuin, depending oa the efficiency of the peesi operator. The actoal pressing of the preheated biscuits it carried out m a chrome or aichcl faced copper record-stamper mold *n a fifteen to thirty tccotd proa cycle attemperature* ef 300* to 3SO* F. Same manufacturer* by-pan the use of bifevitt and granulate a Babuy aad mill mixed, compound tarn molding powder. The muldiag powder it preheated, weighed oat aad molded is a forty-fire to Maty tccood cycle at 300* to 350* F. The relatively thort beat history ia the molding opetatwi i iaaoutfied by the prettare atcdL VINYL RECORD FORMULATIONS fOtMUtA XXX Tnaipawt Record fwimlaiao* Rett* (low molecular weight vinyl dtforsdeeopolymen)................. .............. Cenuuba Was ondMitutc................. ffSfTJ) W*ld CALSTAr '"................................................. LS FOtMULA XXXI Law niler CmrM Record*** Retia (low molecular weight emyf cfihmfctefutpMO)...................... 70 Type III 8 Flutittitf.4 Filler.......................................................................................8 Caraaaba Was araabttimer......... ....................---- Citbn Black ................................ TRIBASE.................................................................. 0*20? ........................................................................ I I * * Low Cast Lisrf fa tail (low muhnltr weight rnayi dklmidc cNMtvmcftft.. w ................ * T|f I A ftMksjtf (mM).................................... W Type Ilf I ftatow......... .................................. .. 1 fHkr............................. :............................................ " soa mO wosoots --oMSSs -- # t--<t o^w S wv ,i Ream (low 70 CMoru Filler....... Canuuba W* Carboo Black DS237 ... DYPHOS. Injection Koldlmt fajectino wadding of dr successful ia the auwmmim the expansion of riayl re mi tatijfacuiry stabilisers. T nuddiag. Small pdlctt of tm slabbed utf a bm woa p Baabury mixer or hot plasc Injection nodding tempera** fists to thirty thousand p For clear injection m beat stability tad clarity, opaque (napsaft during greatest heat prwtcctbai of For best lubricating aa biaamai with the baaie k CLAKiTK or the mhe* "O lubricant for clear wadded Aa alternate inject--a a pUsti--ls using formula*-- plaaiodi may be tajectiaa a those described abiwc^ but fil i laugh tuning aad fuB 4 Tm>An To* H i TyftlUA Tmi* c l ak it e CLAKiTK CALSTAK o 0o 01 CO L r *u*a--*m T'am* > piacdWit(MUbbM<>itArKialnnr4 prating if -i these tables rage fmm 260* to 300* F. la wwil eases an left oa then for scrcrsl hrmn. Nwaafiy pnhett cyck j wiflxn. depending oa the edkkney rf he fwai operator. : preheated brsesm is carried oat is a chnne or skid faced >Jd ia a fifteen n th:rty sccoad pres* ffde at sentperstores of u/actvrm bypass the use of bivtiti and gnadta a Bubsff d ioao molding powder. The moldkg powder it preheated* ia a lerty-fire to slaty tecoad cycle as 300* to 3SO* P, The y m the cooldiag operation it LatemUkd by he pressarc ased. *TL RECORD FORMULATTO!C9 Ynmpwrvk Roenrd Focmnlttlnn* - saheahr weighs vitjfl oride copolymers)............................. .. W-I7J lYa* n> sohrtfmtr................... tS-UI ................................ ........................ . RS I tow PSrr Coateoe lUinh** anleeilir weight rinyt oridc copolymers).......................... R 8 Ftasbdaer..................................... 4 .................................................................. 1ft ?is or tohrtiffc*.............................. I xk................................................................ f .........E ...................................................................... I ond rormhlhe*** x^endar weighs vinyl dt eoyolymm)............................ -- * latiriiti****...^^*.................. * nricaacr (solid)................................- Pltcicisae I* ...................................................... -- SIS as apsatarisMR.*#* a************** tS JffiSlSS^tSSSga^ Mrrsjsrasassssait? 41 I>WMI L. C bw4 Fir II IIIIII II* Idia (b*t aadecnlar ti|N rieyt rtlnri. cnpqljm).......... .. J9 JK Cbfacraaed Pinii....................................... IS r>Ser......................................................................... II Cmwti Was nr mhiriam................................. M CifWBbck.......................................................... I DMff................................................................... U DVPHOS............................................................... I h|Ml.lbUka lajecpw miU;t <1 fcriM pam (re-- plaatietatdm|l chloride rain kata MOlil it Ac aiei.i i*c Ofnpcimt IdL ft tine W Ac pimklaf outfctt far itcnpAMtlfi^lnm TU* leytlnpoxat III bcwcwoaggat tponhciYtiUbiliry I wiJxtcy atahiUacn. T. rain iwktiqn etc cirrnily Milicd for itjarna m iM.|t. Srall pdV. ml hid rautiil may kc prpid by (tssefatiaf compnaada lUM diM mmA piuk stilL The i|fo<l 4*w*c carried c m by nice a tnhwy tun wt M pbnc mill is Ac lira ml heat eyelet described pmfottly. |ej.ijii.eililiea aptr itmit if ,IW*i~ *V**p --r-*--ir----- r'~ `"I---------------* tin. M dforty dtmmd yxadt pet teure inh trerefrited. Far dear mjraitc mllitf fortMlafott CLARIkt it recommended let in fo|h hcM .ability mi rttriry. DYTHAL er TRIBASE Amid be esed lot tubiKstnc ppr c asp mlt font tbc riforoat belt cycle. There wo rtsbiliten eOcr *e greatnt heat pr.ttc.as el the bttie lead materials Fae her! Ii|------ c mi amid tdcaic properties BMW Aseld be eted ia cm |-- - - .Mfo the ham IraJ tubilaacn. II nfliri.il lubricity ia reunited wi* CLARrrtrbe-Ae-IH.TCH BOT-*mfcsdaakbrn. CALSTAR ltd* hot labnnat Ur clear strided prndsetl. An shemme inyewm ooddiog ymeedert oohehondoo the mjccdon moMwg of f|rrr R- t i -ii 'r-- that wilt he fknoed m the toOrmrg section. Tin ptaaimlt any be mimraa mddol at the tme tcaaptaanra aad at bwer pmaira If Am daarrihed afem. bat aiU rera* cmtidenMy Iwyer time eyelet w eta dmrncfo fctia* aad tall deeriopatmt ml physical | Type IA nua'n'trr-------- -------- ----------------- Type I! Flattieiaet...................--*-------- --- Type III A Itaactat.............. ............--* Type IT FlaariciaeT..............................................." CtAUTBA................................................. * * CLAUTZB..*....................... ....................... " CALSTAR .................................... ...................... o.;? o t> r 3 B# \ ** a.-- A >*.:--- *.. * j*.. - *aaa ratra**--- L m Alt' loltaaflBKjreacaaaatfltwiiw r .**.,*. -r< rr-,r ^ . * e * If *1 . i u i, ? 1 nf! fOCMUAJOOCV Opfir UJirtha H*U1h k FwwfitU< Rev* ;..........................................................................I Type I A Pfsiticitcr................................................ W Type II B PtjttfdJir.............................................. IS Type IV Plasticizer................................................... IS Filler........................................................................... 10-20 DVTIMI.or TJUBASE......................................... 7 DS-207 ....................................................................... t F. PLASTlSnUf AND OKCANOiflU . Thedevelopment uf polyvinyl chloride type resins of particle size. dupe sad nature which permit fomuivw of a workable piit*ki*cr-rcstn paste ha ted n near prudict derefupments tn a number uf IcMi Miliar the usual calendering min in the ratio of boot two pem retia to une part plasticizer yieUs a dry dough which car be easily spread or moWol under low pressure. The "paste resin,- <u the other hand, it not otrated by the c ma im plasticisers at Nm temperature. Syrupy partes are formed ere* by simple mixing, altfemgh mechanical grinding may be hrfpfut. These resinplasticizer pastes are referred to at plastiuds. IV f a volatile mm-udvating diluent nr thinner acta to reduce the viscosity of these pastes and promotes greater ease of handling in the final application. These dihtcut-pfasticixcr-reiMi systems arc referred to as organosols, Siocr these parte resins can hr formulated in ik k different ways, namely the plastssid and organosol systems, a wide variety of products < vjryiag hardness is possible in the field 4 **/u4i~ nuUiat and spread and dip coating. Films may be cast in nae application in thicknesses *rf four to twenty mils w itfc plais**ls. Thinner films are mare satisfactorily formed (nw nrgaaond systems. Uniting 4 fabrics and papers may also be cankJ uui from cither plasitsols w wrgjmiwds depending mi the thickness and hardnem required for the final tmtiag Cast films and soaring compound* must be heat-treated * pnunote the fusion 4 the plasticizer-resin syttrms and drive <4 any volatile advent* Temperatures <4 125* an 175* K. for one-hall to five minutes are stgnrel The lunger tunes sad higher temperatures arc required her thicker films. tamr pressure "aluA* mdding may be carried t*ut by pouting piastrsols into mulls and then fusing by apptseatwm d heat wiA rrlativefylns* applied pressure -- the ssmh in die aubL There is practically an shrinkage in the mold due at the absence sf n dwinltmtiwuriht loss ot vuletikw Temperatures *4 W So 190* F. for prriudn I m so five msautes are required to "cure** sr fin dr viayl cumpimnds. High frequency cbofuaic equipment has recently beets developed for fluting thick sectmat. Sfany variacinat m mmpwsndinged plnstssnls and mgaaondi are called lor by die finnilrJ end-uses they meet m prartier. and stabiliaatwa respwrements iuemsse necuediagfy. Several general principles apply. The diapermm few are less ttable than An cilradcwag and cMtusum type* parwcutnrly umh regard to light inability. Thrfe k usually n higher mieW flineirrr the sews than a the omrstmil viayl resin asmtv as A* pfifikiitt uabthry mi reactivity are d nmm importance in proper *jcabitiraaimi The reamvald ait and mdstntrmutdev topsescut gassingmthrfiflbjwd #?<.? pwndutf ss nsmtfadl >d Aechnien nt n subJiarr and--her mgsrdwnss muss rghh % mf mnmtMds which lend tn sluurb and rmnin afftsiiiHs r------------ *--------- ` * "DUTCH HOT" ) It especially useful f wo, with nrilm < stability, and main caadasaas. In aD dnpeni-' XITE A and B. based < PROVINITE A cam bci -DUTCH BOTT umber of desirable ptwfq toopin very favorably for the highest degree at increase in piastisnl vised ss adhesion, and does sd useful in plastianlt becanj JVWe mrimXALilX M be c4 with the directions | -DUTTH BOT-ci twmal light stabilize ndutiua coattags, either flevununeaded Wappika -DUTCH BOY" D al *j seems. It inptrh ss nmmtg all stabsfixers in m that they compare Icvwra -d u t c h b o y -t i aded fiur use au ops pacctinn during to text -DUTCH OY-D canfen eacetfcan hem st UabiHwe in Ac field ad " -DUTCH BOY- ri mi pUsbnds. It mi Mr tenesvvuy sssth h lU'MfiasiL C has dndcitd O0O 01 CO high a einratsty in An h| Thn cananl sf -DUTCH BOY* IEX!| advantage m hi* type sf L r rf> .i rfirbwi chloride type reams <4 particle tire, shape awl aanut table plasiicixcr-rrsia paste has led * sew product v Mistag the usual calendering mia ia (he ratio of iMtcitcr yields a dry dough which caoo*( be easily sore. The "paste rest*,* **n the other baod. is oat tit at naeii temperature. Syrupy passes are formed ncchaoica! grinding may be helpful. These rain plastwds. t*se of a volatile wio-s*4ratiog 4ihca or if these pastes sad promote* greater ease of hamlttog lilucflt-pfastkixcr-rcsia systems arc referred to at be formulated ia tsns different ways, aamcly she wide variety f products d varying hardness la liig and spread and dip outing. Film* stay be cast Wr twenty mils with plastiuds. Thinner blow are paid system*. Coating of fabrics and papers may lisijt or wgaOHSHls depending m the thickness and atiog. Cast films and outing cwpndi most be f the plntkittMrtia systems and drive off any J2J* m 17j #F. for me-lull s* five minotrs i Her ewpwinwf are required f*e thicker film*. nay be carried out by pouring ptawiud* h*> nfi . ;t with rcfaifevfy four applied pressure n the sunk i shrinkage in the nadd doc to the absence af i tiles. Temperatures of .ISO* t* 190* F. for period* i *9 "cure* or fine the vinyl cumpmndi High cccndy been devefoped fo dosing thick enint gof pbttisnfs end urganw4 are called foe by *e TT-etke; and stahiKaafom mpiitmti dortnaae In apply. The disprrsfon mins are lot stable than partkotariy mA regard to hgh* sufolny. Them <r to the rain than m the oontfoail vinyl mot d reactrvity are of owe mpetiMr in proper ^ # assinure in order to prevent gassing in she fished *?>. f seafoliec* and ehe ingredient* mu* iWf * af MM appmiahle iw s o i -f 11 *'w- * *- - rfpf.1l *r: -xf r>. vc rjTZ; VCvni*u- 17 |B% "DUTCH BOY" PHOVINTTE b luglily wwiwin.y for dor It m especially rfd for in pwfafwmcr nodcr Ih ^ praccaung ad service a nans, cutlkx r w mi W clarify. FROVINITC mmritwus ocdlmS^ stability, ad oBiauiai fo color awl clarity at Ac Mock under t h iIt t t m. la ill fopnif rain applirwiim lc waal lewd b 1? cachof PKQVI. NITK A awl B. baaed! oo Ae rain. For apccial hick beat ruliiiins Aeanatd PROVTXITK A can be increased tom "DUTCH BOY* FIOMAX 2S it a dear liquid seabiliary which comhswa a number of desirable properties in dispersion resin sysamn Its heat and Ugfce scahaimm OMnparc very favorably wish those of PROVIXITK. ft is especially temntahf fr the highest degree at ciiriry. FLOMAX 25 disperses readily and develops onoummn increase in ptanisnl risonny on agisg. ft has no lubricating action, no adverse efifott on adhofon. sad doc* me ptase out an nolf surface*. FfXIMAX 25 b psnindasty useful in plistiods became its four surface kassu promote* rapid and easy itrarrariiO- Inhere nmhuum mienw to sulfide staining S* required, "DUTCH BOT" XAW1X sfourfd be wed with either FIOMAX 25 or PROVIKITE it rfs^ with the dircctsuM given on page It. -DITCH BOY* CS-IJ7 b useful m ptastbuls for fabric coariogs afot adJt> fouul figto subiliaabon a desired, ft b especially suited for organosol* tad vinyl SHlotfon coatings,eitherafoneorui supplementary stabiliser. CS-IJ7 h partiodarfy * trcinuwadcif for appheataana in which freedom from sulfide stsiaiog is dcrirabta, "DUTCH BOY" UYFIIOS is an outstanding stabiBaer for pfasrisol md nrgma sol syncms. ft imparts unequalled heat stability for the fusing cycles, and it b ooiqae m*t alt stabiliser* in in ability su siabitisedispersion rcaia* against light* ta Che cum that they o spire favorably with the calendering and eatrusion rasnn "DCTCH BOY"TKf BASF banciccfimthcaa atabilsaerwhich b highly nmn mended foe oar sn opaque slush nodding plastssida. TIII BASK offers < -DUTCH BUT" 05-507 periw w a special task la fiqrnSaa rcain system*, ft esnfm caeeilcai hem stability, and m tahriniiag action snake* it she mast sadd ttafolsecr m dac firid of -doth" maid ng An tn its twofold performance of a tbn pfoa maid aricam. -txrrai BOY* PlUXt^aSIL C b a v*y effotafoe naldlljer for a and pissamd*. ft c ah iin die advantage*dfowlimingstrengthfortrmifnrratmA and four reaesfoisy noth pfatricicet* and eutaeanihwith good hear stability and a m;MB-0.3II. Cbss mtful afolby a adawb migratory pltnieitnd p--pisaf* rnuhiag in an aatracttw dry swter. Doe an ft* afiirpdan " - then fommlanagwithrUMB-O-SILCtaavasdton ba vsscnsMyina n a-JZ 3 -21 -- 5 2. o| 3 2. -- s' --i ^.S5s| ao lH S r*8 =r i rt- S'* r. IS o !f3 3 3 ~<* =r= 3 I 2. P* I rv *a 1 0oo 01 CO L L*SiUB<wr,nriJwotiMou s t* H l-> M U1 VO O r * .,v. <r -- -r-,r . eV.mi, f <>w -rjv.A^, 16 S;. i 3S-T |KSS?.;S E r ratMU XXXV4 CWHMbQeelkyrtMlcal Retie (ditpenioe type)......................................109 Type 1 A PliHtdHr......................................- 40 Type I B PUttkiece..................................... IS Type III A Pluddxtr..................................... 10 PROVIX1TEA.............................................. I PROVINJTEB.............................................. I Otoe SI--A M.Mi-- Ple.il.cl Roie (ditprnioe fype)......................................100 Type I A Ptiuicucr....... .................................. 40 Type I B Pluticieee.......................................... 8 Type III A Plnikine...................................... 10 Type VI A Pluriciece..................................... 10 FLOMAX ................................................. * Rfch <Hy Opener IBedM* Real* (diapenfaa lype............................................. Type I A ......................................................................J* Type I A PlMieieer (ta oe)............................... JO J*Type I B .................................................................... Type III A Placid................................................... OYPIIOS.................................................................... * ........................*.................................................. k 7>p. IA Kemicictr.................................................. Type I A Ptectkiect (lemcem)..........................J* Type I B .......................................................................... Type VI A ..................................................... , TXIBAM....................................................... J M.IM '* it Rebel Type I Type I Type I rake Xykee K.phll DVPIi C. KBCEUASEW The eieyl retict due euey ipcculiic tcpentely here. le ih cucnhieciwee ere ie r tubilixcn foliate ihe preeiaeby. Whee little ere. to be eta* ulitlKroi . icuee The prime ret IJVTHAI. eed DYI FLOMAX liitiKi The high hem upeicteiccci of hah DCTCII BOV" D ipeerMheihei The eecccMfel Mi -DUTCH BOV" D yewthechreat ml mm. VeM s*. L * f 5':"' r t^c)...................................... tOO ! A PUnidwr................................. 4# X 3 Pbtfidar................. tj ll( A PUatidcer............................................... 10 /INITEA........................................................ I /INITE3........................................................ I XXXVI jtuprrmm typr).........................................101 I A Ptwkiw........................................... 40 I B PUiiacircr......... ................................... IS II A PlMidm...................................... I# ft A Ptxorixr......... ........ 10 (AXIS......... ........................................ J ami ISA Qk O| Opwpar FluCti iH Jipentw ............ ................. Ml A PUmoMr......................................................JO A Wmkim (low c m)............................. 10 ' ?!mkitcr...................... tS A rtwociitr...................... 10 ...................................... AP 8P IA 38 os5> A [J U n ti u n rj u tj n n u n n n n n u 47 Rna (drtpcnwn type)................................. .109 Type I A Pbaticucr..........................-.............20 Type Hi A Platticiacr........................................... 10 Type IT plntiriecr................................................... 3 MflbyHiattfjIKiwc........................ 33* Xytcoe..................................................................43* Naphthcaae Thiaarr................................................. 09* FLOMAX 23..................................................... 2 CS-137................................................................ I NALZIM............................................................ OJ Roil (dhperaiaa type).............. 100 Type I A Ptaaneieer................................................. 23 Type I A Plaieiciter (low c m)........................... 10 Type HI A Plaabciacr.................. 3 Filler......................................................................... IS** Xylcac........................................................................ 90*** Kaphthaaac Thiaacr................................................. 42*** DYPHOS................................................................ 3 C. Mt5CU.4.NBOIlS c o mp o u n d s The vinyl rniM arc a. eeraaiile ia Mr propcttki ltd tree poundiag pouitilkln Am tuay apceiaKead a,-plicaiaoei ire being dcerlupcd which craart be treated aipaittlly bare, la the culiaf (eid particularly, may ipeeial compoaitio*t aat leaia raaiVr~r~~` ale ia everyday me. Fee three applicaciaaa, the "DUTCH BOY* riayl aaMiicn Mine dae gcaiml naka ml applicate. dcMMaaraaad ia the Rclda diewd Wheat littleee.Type IS A pleetkiecr it card. DYTHAL aad DYPHOS appear .be aMutialactury far yriaiiajc iiaJaa cnaraiaiat the eataal low eioiecutar weight aieyl - The prill, teqwaiaea mi three iaha arc paad lijchc tiabiliip aM adheaioa. Beth DVT11AI. and I1YPI IQS o.tributeuaimodtaic Hgha tetitaaact M eiayl pcjatdg kba. FLOhlAX 23 b ttcaamadcd be eiayl ptiaakg Ut Mich m. be raaitiaM aeidde The high hcM tiaatair. tmaaiae ad Ocnbalhy mi glaaa, aad lig. my mill -1-- ad haled amyl teak Hatahca caa taiMacmUy be ebtaiard bp a. ad wren BOY* DYTHAL ae "DUTCH BOY* DYPHOS. Fatawlitiaa ad *ae MaaMhaaaad.tamai.aaiadeiathateeiiaaaaaargaaa.il. The aaceaatdal at ml "DUTCH BOY* DYPIIOS ia eiayl aoda raati tag , ....---------- ------------------------1-------l--J t- he** carried a. mmim ___ '____ ; X1h| I , ------ *1**---------- a a-a -- a. WITH BOY" DYPHOS a. aaly iaty a o*. ad "DUTCH BOY* athHarn M aay irgMlr aay he etpaand . htn light ar acadaatas. .a..a.aa.aa-a..a. ' J--asp B B i WTri WOT* MMCMM ^bm *sM0Bg r I' M Thefonjuiii pij[ci hm iadiciidArfcam! wefutemof the variant "DUTCH BOV* Stabilizer*. The wide variety of *pplcjtim* and tpecifie problem*, however* which the vinyl canpounder cncvunarra are beyond the scope of any manual. The National Lead Company Research Libemrici and Technical Service Dcpartmmt are ateadily awkint to McrrtM the ovtr*ail knowledge of the chlorinated mia ftMi At additional informative beowtet available and new product* are developed, factual data wilt be promptly iwoed to the indewty. Representative*( the Technical Service Department are available at all rimea in dram** individual problem* in confidence and indicate the beat method* (or eaing "DUTCH BOV* chemical* based upon research laboratory data. The reader it cordially invited to write or call the neare** Branch Ofike of the National Lead Company and will receive prompt attention in getting *M * ( tton and technical awiftance available. NATIONAL UAD COMfAMT, III Imndwey* Hour T*A hBt ATLANTA. CCOftGU eon Bidwp Snwt. xw. BOSTON *. MASSACHUSETTS NATIONAL lAUtUd Um M Ahanp SnvW CHtCAOO a* ILLINOIS ntvwisdstww CINCINNATI A OHIO e frtmw Awt CUVUAM) II. OHIO imcMniwi (MILAS A TEXAS tSfTmMdStww DOCV, NEW VOU 0*1 Will Men PCTSOIT H. MICHIGAN hOHMbliwi UK HKMtl. CAUWBM JIUEuMtM rUILAIltinitA IS. fOiSsWAWA JMt EmMM fcrt trmit'Miu it rtsssuvAMA UAUw Amw (r.uvtuuHmu UIOmIm MX nUMIMI M. OUnWM l i l i l [ t [ 52 co Or* => =33 n- =r -- 32. g-3 3t o 0o 01 CO L s VI.:- -n .-'i ->S!<4irf J~ W &&$& g-ivr it r " -- - . , im V4T. a . i -- ' ' ' *ow..* . w 'iMPt * ' ' i --r-^- in i rnmitii VtL GOMCUSMM bnv iodkudi die icecril wcfutocM of ib(Tanaai*DUTCH iJe ririajr of jppJioiiuns m4 specific problem* bewever, dee meu--Itn ut bcjwnd tte Kofe of any wwiL Tk Koaidi Libomaric* *o4 Ttckial Service Or^titncM :roM the Mtf'il] bovkdfe of die chlanuH rcui fcHt bccuKi milibk mm) tor pwdtdi ere dcrthipcd. (actn) dude >odoouy. Tcdwici) Service Department are iriitibk at *9 ms la u hi cmfidcace and indicie die be* k iMi lee aaiag ill bleed epu* research Idonwy data, ij invited to write or catl the anmi Brandi OSct of At j n ! will recent fwayt mention in ftaia| all (be inform* >COMMKT. Ill N~ Tfc . N. T. nentorr n. mic h w a x MKMaime UK ANOCLC5 U CAiiWWOA llllbaMtiM nmjutttniiA a. reNssinvAxtA mrsiuaGU it rcanmiu IDUto^iin ST. tom L UIUOUM mx numuKciiumM IWJHIM (CATTLE 4. WASHmOTOM - ILX I'Mlrtelx CuMuaTeoee fcedVelfMM Tom li m dM MIm * la w| wr M>4 *> fcr awe. N* m4 a* n ! * < n* r*akli*Mt riw p--iha rr adl mW !*>* 5 'S-M m _u. > "xi Va > ss'-SCi v.v>;-'7r.' L