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ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCT DECLARATION as per ISO 14025 and EN 15804+A1 Owner of the Declaration Programme holder Publisher Declaration number Issue date Valid to Taiyo Europe GmbH Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V. (IBU) Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V. (IBU) EPD-TAI-20190092-ICB1-EN 05.08.2019 04.08.2024 TensoSky - System with Fluon ETFE-FILM Taiyo Europe GmbH, AGC Inc. www.ibu-epd.com | https://epd-online.com Umwelt Produktdeklaration Name des Herstellers - Name des Produkts 1. General Information Taiyo Europe GmbH Programme holder IBU - Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V. Panoramastr. 1 10178 Berlin Germany Declaration number EPD-TAI-20190092-ICB1-EN This declaration is based on the product category rules: ETFE construction element, 07.2014 (PCR checked and approved by the SVR) Issue date 05.08.2019 Valid to 04.08.2024 Dipl. Ing. Hans Peters (chairman of Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V.) TensoSky-System with FluonETFE-Film Owner of the declaration Taiyo Europe GmbH Muehlweg 2 82054 Sauerlach/Germany Declared product / declared unit 1 m Taiyo TensoSky-System (3.93 kg/m mass per unit area for a 3-layers-system made of FLUON ETFE-Film (1.05 kg/m mass per unit area) including all components, like aluminium frame. Scope: This EPD refers to individual construction elements manufactured from ethylenetetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), aluminium and other components. The construction element is used e.g. for building envelopes, cladding roofs, skylights, canopies, curtain walls or facades. It is supplied by Taiyo Europe GmbH, under the brand trade name TensoSky, here used with FluonETFE-film from AGC Inc, Japan. The TensoSky-System is designed, fabricated and packaged for specific projects.This EPD declares the life cycle analysis (LCA) for a specific 3-layers system. The owner of the declaration shall be liable for the underlying information and evidence; the IBU shall not be liable with respect to manufacturer information, life cycle assessment data and evidences. The EPD was created according to the specifications of EN 15804+A1. In the following, the standard will be simplified as EN 15804. Verification The standard EN 15804 serves as the core PCR Independent verification of the declaration and data according to ISO 14025:2010 internally x externally Dr. Alexander Rder (Managing Director Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V.)) Juliane Franze (Independent verifier) 2. Product 2.1 Information about the enterprise The realization of extraordinary and complex membrane tensile structures requires a high degree of know-how and lots of experience. At Taiyo Europe, a team of creative designers and engineers work side by side with architects and other experts in order to create technically demanding membrane and ETFE structures. Thanks to the comprehensive professional expertise of our employees, we can answer all our clients' and partners' questions, whether they concern the feasibility of a structure's design, the load-bearing characteristics of the membranes and ETFE cushions, construction physics, execution time, cost or durability. 2.2 Product description/Product definition The ETFE construction element with the trade brand name TensoSky consists of AGC Inc.FLUONETFEfilm, aluminium and further components with a minor mass proportion. It can be fixed on structural systems, e.g. made of steel, wood or reinforced concrete. The structural system is not included in this EPD. The construction element includes between 1 and 5 ETFEfilm layers (ETFE = ethylene tetrafluoroethylene) dependent on building physical, statical or design requirements. The ETFE-film thickness varies between 80m and 500 m depending on structural requirements. The individual ETFE-films are welded together, to get a planar or curved single layer or 2 Environmental Product Declaration Taiyo Europe GmbH - TensoSky-System with Fluon ETFE-FILM multiple-layers system. This EPD is based on a reference 3-layers system with a film thickness of 250 m (outer/inner layer) and 100 m (middle layer). The values for 1-, 2-, 4- and 5-layers systems are derived from this reference project. For the use and application of the product the respective national provisions at the place of use apply, in Germany for example the building codes of the countries and the corresponding national specifications. 2.3 Application The TensoSky-System is a transparent or translucent construction element, used e.g. as cladding roof, skylight, canopy, curtain wall or facade. It is suitable for new buildings and refurbishments. It can be used as a permanent, stationary, moveable, retractable or temporary structure, e.g. for leisure parcs, indoor pools, biospheres, greenhouses, infrastructure buildings, carparks, shopping malls, administration and educational buildings, hotels, hospitals, museums, public spaces and stadia, but also for pavillons and stands on trade fairs and exhibitions. 2.4 Technical Data The following technical data indicates the default values for the declared ETFE-film product at the time of delivery. Unless otherwise stated the following material data refer to an ETFE-film with a thickness of 200 m: Constructional data ETFE Name Value Melting range acc. to /ASTM D459107/ 26510 G2/rammage acc. to /DIN EN ISO 2286- 0.35 T52e7n-s3il/e strength acc. to /DIN EN ISO >50 T/DeInNsiEleNsItSreOss5a2t71-30/% strain acc. to >18 Tear Resistance acc. to /DIN 53363/ >400 W52e7l-d3s/ trength acc. to /DIN EN ISO >33 Total energy transmittance acc. to /ISO 15099/ 915 no Weathering resistance acc. to /ISO 4892-4/ optical/m echanica l changes TISeOns5il2e7s-t3r/ain at break acc. to /DIN EN >350 Unit C kg/m2 N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm N/mm2 % - % Performance data of the product with respect to its characteristics in accordance with the relevant technical provision (no CE-marking). 2.5 Delivery status The TensoSky-System is project-specific dimensioned. The single components as ETFE-film elements, aluminum frame etc. are prefabricated separately, packed and delivered to the assembly on construction site. The prefabricated ETFE-film elements are sent to the construction site folded into transportable packages, wrapped in protective polyethylene films and packed in wooden boxes. For reasons of producability, the assembled ETFE-film elements should not exceed a length of 100 m and a width of 5 m as a rule. The surface of an individual ETFE-film element should not exceed 500 m. 2.6 Base materials/Ancillary materials Mass Proportions Name Value Unit Aluminium (frames, air valves) 40 % ETFE-Film (3 layers) 27 % Mild Steel (gutter) 22 % EPDM (gaskets) 5 % Stainless Steel (fasteners) 3 % ospthaecreprsla)stic materials (seals, coating, 3 % Total 100 % The table above shows the mass-proportions of a typical three-layer TensoSky-System: Aluminium: The system includes frames and an insignificant mass of air valves made of aluminium. The frames consist of a base-profile, a cap-profile and keder-profiles, that hold the ETFE-film elements perimeter edge. The aluminium frame is anodized in the thickness class according to /DIN 17611/, specified for the certain application and utilization. ETFE-Film: The ETFE-film is a flexible and strong fluorinated co-polymer (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene). The transparent film is permeable for the entire solar range of irradiation. It can be clear, printed or dyed. Mild Steel: The system includes an optional gutter made of customary sheets of coated mild steel. Stainless Steel: Fasteners (screws, bolts, nuts, washers) used are made of stainless steel (min. A250) depending on the specified strength and corrosion class. EPDM: To hold the ETFE-film elements in the aluminum frame, an EPDM-rope (diameter approx. 5-8 mm) is used. Additionall gaskets made of EPDM are inserted in the aluminium frames. Other plastic materials: The system includes a small mass-proportion of other plastic materials used as seal (aluminium joints), coatings (gutter), gaskets (fasteners) and plastic-spacers (to fix keder-profiles in base-profiles). Information that product does not contain substances listed in the Candidate List of substances of very high concern /REACH/ exceeding 0.1%: This product contains substances listed in the candidate list (date:15.01.2019) exceeding 0.1 percentage by mass: no This product contains other CMR substances in categories 1A or 1B which are not on the candidate list, exceeding 0.1 percentage by mass: no Biocide products were added to this construction product or it has been treated with biocide products (this then concerns a treated product as defined by the (EU) Ordinance on Biocide Products No. 528/2012): no 2.7 Manufacture In the production facilities the individual ETFE-film sections are cut from the roll on a plotter table according to the project-specific cutting patterns. In order to create the ETFE-film elements, the individual 3 Environmental Product Declaration Taiyo Europe GmbH - TensoSky-System with Fluon ETFE-FILM ETFE-film sections are welded together in form of a continues seam. Subsequently the air valves are installed in the ETFE-film layers. In case of multiple layers ETFE-film elements the different layers are placed on each other and welded together circumferential of the element's edges. Along the ETFE-film elements perimeter, the edges are formed as a pocket, in which the keder rope is pulled in. The specific 3-layers system the life cycle analysis (LCA) is based on, was manufactured in Bytom/Poland. It is one of more production facilities used by Taiyo Europe. Further are located, e.g. in Bari, Italy, and Edersleben, Germany. 2.8 Environment and health during manufacturing When manufacturing the TensoSky-System, relevant standards and generally accepted rules of technology are complied with (e.g. /ArbSchG/, /BRUMI K5437 FM/).The owner of the EPD is certified according to /DIN EN ISO 14011/. AGC Inc. as the manufacturer of the ETFE-resin and the extruded ETFE-film is also certified. 2.9 Product processing/Installation The prefabricated ETFE-film elements are unfolded at the construction site and pulled, along their edge, into the aluminum clamping profiles. Subsequently, an aluminum cover profile is screwed onto the aluminum base profile, which seals the system together with EPDM seals against driving rain. In the case of multilayered ETFE-film elements, the air supply lines are then connected and the air is blown into the chambers between the ETFE-film layers to stabilize the ETFEfilm elements. For the installation of the ETFE-film elements on building site only usual tools and safety equipment related to the respective kind of works are necessary, but no machines. The works generate no extraordinary emissions, in particular noise, gasses or dust. 2.10 Packaging The packaging consits of wooden boxes/crates, protective polyethylene films and carboards. All materials are typically thermally recycled.The waste incurred can be allocated to the following waste codes according to /AVV 2017/: 15 01 01: paper and cardboard packaging 15 01 02: plastic packaging 15 01 03: wood packaging 2.11 Condition of use No significant changes in the product characteristics are expected during its design life. To compensate deviations in the overpressure between multiple layers ETFE-film systems caused by changing external conditions (e.g. wind and snow loads), the enclosed air volumes between the layers are continuously supplied by air blower units. The size of the roof and the intended air exchange rate determine the number and dimension of the units required. The units are controlled by a pressure sensor and internal pressure is maintained within a range between approximately 200 Pa and 1000 Pa by means of a low-pressure air inflation system. To reduce the humidity of the inflated air and to avoid condensation in multiple layers ETFEfilm elements dehumidifier with a defined air exchange rate may be used. 2.12 Environment and health during use In accordance with the evidence outlined in section 7, emissions to ambient air during the use phase are below the threshold values set by the /AgBB/ evaluation scheme. 2.13 Reference service life The reference service life is ensured for about 25 years on average. Up to 50 years are possible. A calculation according to /ISO 15686/ is not applied. 2.14 Extraordinary effects Fire According to /EN13501-1/ the ETFE-film product FLUON is classified as follows: Fire protection Name Building material class Burning droplets Smoke gas development Value B d0 s1 Water Tests according to /ASTM D570/ are showing, that ETFE-film is not affected by water. The water absorption is evaluated to 0.03% according to /AGC FLUON ETFE-film/. Mechanical destruction The TensoSky-System is extremely resistant to tensile loads owing to the ETFE-films extraordinary elongation properties. In the case of fire, explosions or earthquakes, the system is extremely fault-tolerant and has a low risk of consequential damage. The ETFEfilm can, however, be damaged by direct mechanical influences (e.g. by vandalism) with sharp or pointed objects. In case of a multiple layers ETFE-film system the destruction of the exterior layer does not lead to system failure automatically and water leakage into the interior of the building. Minor damages can be easily repaired using TensoSky ETFE-tape with an adhesive layer on its back side. It can be applied for single-layer and multiple layers TensoSky-Systems. 2.15 Re-use phase As a general rule, the frame and the valves made of aluminium can be re-used for new buildings and/or refurbishment of projects. Where the application of this rule is impossible, the aluminium returns to the manufacturers. The aluminium used for the TensoSky-System consists of 41% secondary aluminium on average. 2.16 Disposal Components made of steel are processed as metallic scrap. Although the clear ETFE-film used is returned into the material cycle after it has been removed, the film is no longer used for architectural applications, but rather for ETFE components with lower requirements, such as electric isolators. Printed ETFE-films, EPDM materials and other materials with a very low mass fraction used can be thermally recovered. The waste 4 Environmental Product Declaration Taiyo Europe GmbH - TensoSky-System with Fluon ETFE-FILM after at the end of the products life can be allocated to the following waste codes according to /AVV/: 17 04 02: aluminium 17 02 03: plastic 17 09 04: mixed construction and demolition waste (excepted waste covered by 17 09 01 - 17 09 03) 2.17 Further information Additional information is available on the Taiyo Europe webpage (www.taiyo-europe.com). 3. LCA: Calculation rules 3.1 Declared Unit The declaration refers to 1 m of the TensoSkySystem (3.93 kg/m mass per unit area for all components) including 3 layers of FLUON ETFE-film (1.05 kg/m mass per unit area). Declared unit Name Declared unit Conversion factor to 1 kg Layer thickness (average) Grammage (including frame) Value 1 3.93 0.35 3.93 Unit m2 kg/m2 m kg/m2 To provide results for projects with 1- layer, 2-layers, 4-layers and 5-layers of FLUON ETFE-film the EPD Annex contains the different layer scenarios: Mass Proportions 3.2 System boundary The EPD of the ETFE construction element, includes the production as well as installation, use phase and the End of Life of the product. The following life cycle phases are considered: Production A1-A3 - Raw material supply, production of preproducts (ETFE-film, aluminium frame, further parts) and manufacturing. Transports of raw materials (ETFE-film, aluminium...) and components/ preproducts are included in A2 Installation A4 - Transport to building site A5 - Initial installation into building (including packaging waste processing, energy and material for the assembly of the building element and the electricity effort for first inflation) Use stage B1 - Use / application: Release of substances to indoor air, soil and water B2 - Maintenance: Cleaning, yearly check and replacement of worn and damaged parts B6 - Operational energy use: Maintaining the cushion pressure for a period of one year B7 - Operational water use End-of-life C1 - Deconstruction/ demolition (including only minor effort for the deconstruction of the building element) C2 - Transport to waste processing resp. recycling material processing, C3 - Waste processing for recovery and recycling (including the incineration of ETFE and plastics and the recycling of aluminum and steel) C4 - Disposal (landfilling) 3.3 Estimates and assumptions The content of secondary aluminium in the aluminium frame is 41% as weighted average percentage based on written information of the aluminium supplier.The ETFE construction elements are assembled on the construction site. All transportation distances are included in A2. In A4 no further transports are considered. The electricity consumption for installation (A5) and utilization (B6) is related to Europe as an exemplified reference region. In this study an energy consumption of 0.26 kWh/m/a is taken into account for the air supply system. 3.4 Cut-off criteria Packaging waste (like foil, paper) arising during production (A1-A3) is not considered in this study due to negligible amounts (<0.1%). Apart from that all available data from production process are considered. Thus, all material and energy flows contributing less than 1% of mass or energy are considered. Transport processes for packaging materials are neglected. Production of infrastructure required for manufacture are outside the scope of this assessment. The sum of the excluded flows does not exceed 5% of mass, energy or environmental relevance. 3.5 Background data The /GaBi ts/ software was used to model the life cycle of the ETFE system. The data in the GaBi database version 8.07 is applied for energy, transport, auxiliary products and preliminary products. It had been revised in 2016. 3.6 Data quality Overall the data quality can be described as good, as the level of completeness is very high and the collected primary data reflect current conditions (reference year 2016). To ensure consistency, all primary data are collected with the same level of detail, while all background data are sourced from the GaBi databases. Allocation and other methodological choices are made consistently throughout the model. 3.7 Period under review The foreground data collected by the manufacturer for the production process are based on yearly production amounts and extrapolations of measurements on 5 Environmental Product Declaration Taiyo Europe GmbH - TensoSky-System with Fluon ETFE-FILM specific machines and plants. The production data refer to an average of the year 2016. The foreground data was collected specifically for one project by the manufacturer for the materials/components used (ETFE, EPDM, aluminium, stainless steel, mild steel and the other plastic materials). 3.8 Allocation The overall production of Taiyo Europe GmbH comprises further products (other layer systems) beside the product considered in this study; therefore, allocation was applied for the consumption of thermal and electrical energy as well as other auxiliary materials. Allocation factors were defined based on mass. 3.9 Comparability Basically, a comparison or an evaluation of EPD data is only possible if all the data sets to be compared were created according to EN 15804 and the building context, respectively the product-specific characteristics of performance, are taken into account. . 4. LCA: Scenarios and additional technical information The following information is the basis of the declared modules. Transport to the building site (A4) Name Value Unit Transport distance 0 km system with air flow (predried) Ewliethctariicriftlyowco(nnsoutmprpetidornieOd)pen system 0.26 Ewliethcotruictiatyircfolonwsu(nmopttpiornedCrileodse) d system 0.06 kWh kWh The assembly of the ETFE construction elements takes place at the construction site. All transports of materials and pre-products (ETFE-film, aluminium frame, further parts) are included in A2. There are no further transportation processes in module A4. Installation into the building (A5) Name Electricity consumption Value 0.00096 Unit kWh Use or application of the installed product (B1) see section 2.11, 2.13 and 7 Maintenance (B2) Name Water consumption Other resources Electricity consumption Value 0 0 0 Unit m3 kg kWh End of life (C1-C4) Name Collected separately waste type Recycling Energy recovery Value Unit 4 kg 2.6 kg 1.4 kg Reuse, recovery and/or recycling potentials (D), relevant scenario information Module D includes potential benefits from energy substitutions from incineration processes of packaging waste (A5), seals, and the ETFE-film elements (C3) and from recycling the aluminum frames. A waste incineration plant with an R1 value of > 0.6 is assumed. No effort for cleaning and repair to maintain the ETFE construction element is needed. Its surface is considered as self-cleaning by rain and does not require, therefore, any further energy or water. Necessity of cleaning and life span depend on utilization and environmental conditions. Reference service life Name Life Span (expected, average) Value Unit 25 a Operational energy use (B6) and Operational water use (B7) The values in module B6 refer to a period of use of one year. The table below shows the values of the water consumption and the electric energy consumption (depending on the used type of air supply system). The calculations are done for an open system with air flow (not predried, 0.26 kWh per square meter and year): Name Water consumption Electricity consumption Open system with air flow (predried) Electricity consumption Closed loop Value 0 0.84 0.76 Unit m3 kWh kWh 6 Environmental Product Declaration Taiyo Europe GmbH - TensoSky-System with Fluon ETFE-FILM 5. LCA: Results The following table depicts the results concerning the estimated impact, use of resources and waste and other output flows in relation to 1 m of Taiyo Europe's TensoSky-System (3.93 kg/m mass per unit area for a 3 layers-system made of FLUON ETFE-FILM (1.05 kg/m mass per unit area) and included aluminium frame). The EPD Annex provides results of other layer scenarios (1-layer, 2-layers, 4-layers and 5-layers) of the specific ETFE construction element. All declared modules are indicated with an "X", the modules B3, B4, B5 are marked as MNR (module not relevant). Environmental impacts were calculated with using characterisation factors of CML 2001, published in April 2013 /CML/. DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM BOUNDARY (X = INCLUDED IN LCA; MND = MODULE NOT DECLARED; MNR = MODULE NOT RELEVANT) PRODUCT STAGE CONSTRUCTI ON PROCESS STAGE USE STAGE END OF LIFE STAGE BENEFITS AND LOADS BEYOND THE SYSTEM BOUNDARIES Raw material supply Transport Manufacturing Transport from the gate to the site Assembly Use Maintenance Repair Replacement Refurbishment Operational energy use Operational water use De-construction demolition Transport Waste processing Disposal ReuseRecoveryRecyclingpotential A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 C1 C2 C3 C4 D XX X X X X X MNR MNR MNR X X X X X X X RESULTS OF THE LCA - ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT according to EN 15804+A1: 1 m Taiyo ETFE construction element Parameter Unit A1-A3 A4 A5 B1 B2 B6 B7 C1 C2 C3 C4 D GWP ODP AP EP POCP ADPE ADPF [kg CO2-Eq.] [kg CFC11-Eq.] [kg SO2-Eq.] [kg (PO4)3--Eq.] [kg ethene-Eq.] [kg Sb-Eq.] [MJ] 5.32E+1 2.67E-4 1.08E-1 8.07E-3 9.36E-3 1.45E-4 4.88E+2 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 9.16E-1 1.12E-14 1.11E-4 2.44E-5 7.37E-6 1.30E-8 1.98E-1 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 1.08E-1 4.80E-13 3.06E-4 2.87E-5 1.92E-5 5.73E-8 1.15E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 5.31E-2 1.45E-15 1.23E-4 3.13E-5 -4.17E-5 4.34E-9 7.20E-1 2.25E+0 9.99E-14 2.11E-2 6.80E-5 3.02E-5 2.64E-7 7.43E-1 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 -9.37E+0 4.13E-11 -3.99E-2 -2.50E-3 -2.43E-3 -3.63E-6 -1.00E+2 GWP = Global warming potential; ODP = Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer; AP = Acidification potential of land and water; EP = Caption Eutrophication potential; POCP = Formation potential of tropospheric ozone photochemical oxidants; ADPE = Abiotic depletion potential for non- fossil resources; ADPF = Abiotic depletion potential for fossil resources RESULTS OF THE LCA - INDICATORS TO DESCRIBE RESOURCE USE according to EN 15804+A1: 1 m Taiyo ETFE construction element Parameter Unit A1-A3 A4 A5 B1 B2 B6 B7 C1 C2 C3 C4 D PERE PERM PERT PENRE PENRM PENRT SM RSF NRSF FW [MJ] 6.75E+1 0.00E+0 6.06E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 7.41E-1 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 3.98E-2 1.83E-1 0.00E+0 -4.41E+1 [MJ] 6.02E+0 0.00E+0 -6.02E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 [MJ] 7.36E+1 0.00E+0 4.17E-2 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 7.41E-1 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 3.98E-2 1.83E-1 0.00E+0 -4.41E+1 [MJ] 4.86E+2 0.00E+0 3.81E-1 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 1.97E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 7.22E-1 2.72E+1 0.00E+0 -1.19E+2 [MJ] 2.64E+1 0.00E+0 -1.60E-1 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 -2.63E+1 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 [MJ] 5.13E+2 0.00E+0 2.21E-1 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 1.97E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 7.22E-1 9.23E-1 0.00E+0 -1.19E+2 [kg] 8.50E-1 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 [MJ] 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 [MJ] 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 [m] 2.39E-1 0.00E+0 2.22E-3 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 1.01E-3 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 7.34E-5 6.18E-3 0.00E+0 -1.11E-1 Caption PERE = Use of renewable primary energy excluding renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERM = Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERT = Total use of renewable primary energy resources; PENRE = Use of non-renewable primary energy excluding non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRM = Use of nonrenewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRT = Total use of non-renewable primary energy resources; SM = Use of secondary material; RSF = Use of renewable secondary fuels; NRSF = Use of non-renewable secondary fuels; FW = Use of net fresh water RESULTS OF THE LCA - WASTE CATEGORIES AND OUTPUT FLOWS according to EN 15804+A1: 1 m Taiyo ETFE construction element Parameter Unit A1-A3 A4 A5 B1 B2 B6 B7 C1 C2 C3 C4 D HWD NHWD RWD CRU MFR MER EEE EET [kg] 1.87E-3 0.00E+0 1.84E-10 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 9.25E-10 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 4.18E-8 4.51E-8 0.00E+0 2.50E-3 [kg] 2.90E+0 0.00E+0 2.20E-3 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 1.39E-3 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 6.05E-5 3.39E-1 0.00E+0 -1.95E+0 [kg] 1.36E-2 0.00E+0 9.42E-6 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 3.27E-4 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 9.89E-7 7.12E-5 0.00E+0 -7.50E-3 [kg] 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 [kg] 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 2.35E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 [kg] 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 [MJ] 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 2.28E-2 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 2.13E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 [MJ] 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 5.26E-2 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 3.83E+0 0.00E+0 0.00E+0 HWD = Hazardous waste disposed; NHWD = Non-hazardous waste disposed; RWD = Radioactive waste disposed; CRU = Components Caption for re-use; MFR = Materials for recycling; MER = Materials for energy recovery; EEE = Exported electrical energy; EEE = Exported thermal energy 7 Environmental Product Declaration Taiyo Europe GmbH - TensoSky-System with Fluon ETFE-FILM Note: The values in module B6 are related to an open system with air flow (not pre-dried). They refer to a period of use of one year. When using the values in the building context, they must be scaled to the specific building service life time. 6. LCA: Interpretation Interpretation of results for the production stage (A1-A3) The environmental profile of the production of the system is determined by the manufacturing of the components ETFE-film and aluminium frame. The main influence of ETFE-film is to find in categories GWP, ODP, POCP and ADPF. Within AP and EP the ETFE-film has relevant influence. The aluminium frame is of relevant influence in AP, EP and of some influence in most of the impact categories (GWP, POCP, ADPF). Minor or even negligible influence is given with regard to ODP and ADPE. The environmental impact of mild steel is significant only in the category ADPE. All other processes and materials are of minor importance and are showing impact shares < 10% with the exception of 17% ADPE of the stainless steel 7. Requisite evidence 7.1 VOC emissions Inspection of Fluon ETFE-fIlm for Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) emissions in accordance with the evaluation scheme /AgBB/ was carried out in September 2017 by the Environmental Institute Bremen (Bremer Umweltinstitut - Gesellschaft fr Schadstoffanalysen und Begutachtung mbH /BRUMI K5437FM/) in accordance with the principles of the "Deutsches Institut fr Bautechnik (DIBt)" for the health assessment of construction products in interiors (DIBtGrundstze fr die gesundheitliche Bewertung von Bauprodukten). The results of the test are based on the NIK-list from February 2015. Measurement conditions Temperature: 23 C fasteners.Transport has only some importance regarding EP and little importance regarding AP. The energy consumption (electricity) and packaging are not significant and have negligible influence. Interpretation of the results within the entire life cycle The main contributors - valid for all impact categories considered - are the preliminary processes (upstream) in A1 to A3, most notably the manufacturing of the ETFE-film and of the aluminum profiles. Neither transport to the site (A2), energy consumption during installation and use (A5 and B6), nor transport to disposal (C2) are of mentionable relevance. The results for the use stage impact B6 is declared with the effort per year in chapter 5. Assuming a service life of 25 years the impact of B6 would increase to 5% to 16% relating to the manufacturing impact (A1-A3). Area specific air flow rate: Loading: 0.36 m/(mh) 1.4 m/m AgBB overview of results (28 days) Name TVOC (C6 - C16) Sum SVOC (C16 - C22) R (dimensionless) VOC without NIK Carcinogenic Substances Detection limit: 1 g/m Value 18 < 5 0.016 < 5 < 1 Unit g/m3 g/m3 g/m3 g/m3 Trichloroethylene, Benzene, DEHP and DBP could not be detected. According to /BRUMI K5437 FM/ the sample fulfilled the requirements of category A + of the French VOC regulations. 8. References /AgBB/ Procedure for health-related evaluation of the emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC and SVOC) from construction products, Committee for health-related evaluation of construction products, Dessau-Rolau, Germany, February 2015 /AGC FLUON ETFE-film/ FLUONETFE-film, Technical Data (ETFE-film structures), AGC, Japan, July 2017 /ArbSchG/ ArbSchG of the German Occupational Safety Act, 5, Assessment of working conditions, in: Law on implementing occupational safety measures for improving the safety and health protection of employees in the workplace, October 2013, https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/arbschg/__5.htm /ASTM D4591-07/ ASTM D4591-07 (2012): Standard test method for determining temperatures and heats of transitions of fluoropolymers by differential scanning calorimetry, 2012, https://www.astm.org/Standards/D4591.htm /ASTM D570/ ASTM D570:1998: Standard Test Method for Water Absorption of Plastics /AVV/ Regulation on the European Waste Catalog in: Waste Catalog Regulation, December 2001 (BGBl. I S. 3379), last amended by Article 5 (22) of the law of 24 February 2012 (BGBl. I S. 212) /BRUMI K5437 FM/ Emission tests of ETFE-films for VVOC, VOC and SVOC according to AgBB / DIBt requirements for 8 Environmental Product Declaration Taiyo Europe GmbH - TensoSky-System with Fluon ETFE-FILM building materials, Bremer Umweltinstitut, Bremen, Germany, September 2017 /CML/ Characterization Factors developed by Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), University Leiden, 2013, https://www.universiteitleiden.nl/en/research/researchoutput/science/cml-ia-characterisation-factors /DIN 17611/ DIN 17611: 2011-11: Anodized products of wrought aluminium and wrought aluminium alloys - Technical conditions of delivery /DIN 53363/ DIN 53363: 2003-10: Testing of plastic films - Tear test using trapezoidal test specimen with incision /DIN EN 13501-1/ DIN EN 13501-1: 2019-05: Fire classification of construction products and building elements - Part 1: Classification using data from reaction to fire tests; German version EN 13501-1: 2018 /DIN EN ISO 527-3/ DIN EN ISO 527-3: 2019-02: Plastics- Determination of tensile properties - Part 3: Test conditions for films and sheets (ISO 527-3:2018); German version EN ISO 527-3:2018 /DIN EN ISO 2286-2/ DIN EN ISO 2286-2: 2017-01: Rubber- or plasticscoated fabrics - Determination of roll characteristics - Part 2: Methods for determination of total mass per unit area, mass per unit area of coating and mass per unit area of substrate (ISO 2286-2:2016); German version EN ISO 2286-2:2016 /DIN EN ISO 4892-4/ DIN EN ISO 4892-4: 2013-07: Plastics - Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources - Part 4: Openflame carbon-arc lamps /DIN EN ISO 14011/ DIN EN ISO 14011: 2018-1: Firefighting and fire protection - Terms and definitions /GaBi ts/ GaBi ts Software& Documentation, Database for comprehensive analysis LBP, University of Stuttgart and thinkstep AG, Documentation of GaBI data sets, http://www.gabisoftware.com/international/databases/gabi-databases/ /ISO 15099/ ISO 15099:2003-11: Thermal performance of windows, doors and shading devices - Detailed calculations /ISO 15686/ ISO 15686-1: 2011-05 and ISO 15686-8: 2008-06: Buildings and constructed assets - Service life planning - Part 1: General principles and framework and Part 8: Reference service life and sevice life estimation /IBU PCR Part A/ Calculation rules for the Life Cycle Assessment and Requirements on the Background Report, Version 1.6, Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V., 2017 /IBU PCR Part B/ Requirements on the EPD for ETFE-construction element, Version 1.7, Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V., 2019 /REACH/ Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2006 concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) 9 Environmental Product Declaration Taiyo Europe GmbH - TensoSky-System with Fluon ETFE-FILM Institut Bauen und Umwelt eV. Institut Bauen und Umwelt eV. Publisher Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V. Panoramastr. 1 10178 Berlin Germany Tel Fax Mail Web EMI 0 29 ibu-epd.com www.ibu-epd.com Programme holder Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V. Panoramastr 1 10178 Berlin Germany Tel Fax Mail Web 0 - 29 Mibu-epd.com www.ibu-epd.com thinkstep Taiyo Europe M11a kfiax Author of the Life Cycle Assessment thinkstep AG Hauptstralle 111- 113 70771 Leinfelden-Echterdingen Germany Owner of the Declaration Taiyo Europe GmbH Muhlweg 2 82054 Sauerlach Germany Tel Fax Mail Web +49 711 341817-0 +49 711 341817-25 M@thinkstep.com http://www.thinkstep.com Tel Fax Mail Web +49 8104 62898-0 +49 8104 62898-99 taiyo-europe.com https://www.taiyo-europe.com/