Document xzn0rNywXM7pv067pdRkbap2J

FILE NAME: General Electric (GE) DATE: 1943 DOC#: GE045 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Book Excerpt - Principles and Practice of Industrial Medicine '/V i*- / ' r i u n j i i ' s oj INDUSTRIAL Editai 1-'1{ED J. WAM Prcfceeer, Preventive jr.,-. CONTRI li 1 Otis L. Auvii ison R. N. Anderson Anna M. Baeljer J. J. Bloomfield J. A. Calhoun J. M Carlisle George II Cross Donald R. Cumming Charles )-' Kngel John li Foulger Augustus Gibson T. Dvlc IIa/,lett Albei t Ilenuning T. F. lloyioth Joanna Jolm.-on R. T. Johnstone A William H' UAJ/n.M( TI IK W ILLIAM S & VVJ di r< it E -W- - ip He: t-'j US'!' OF 0 0 V Anderson, Otis U, B Sr , M.l)., I*'.A Suigeuii, United St;>.!<- Pnlihr IB sion of A'njici cul Diseases, j \ ;it i Maryland Anbeksux, R ichaitn N , B.A., M.A Director of the J Hvision ot Rehab (imi of (In' Viie!,.in. State R e n Virginia. Baetjeu, AnI'M M , S rD . Associate in Physiological llygie: Health, The John Hopkins Ui BLOOMU bl.l), J. J. Sanitary Engineer, United States States' Relations Section, Divis: Tiisliluie of Health. Rethesda, 1 Calhoua, J. A., M.D. Medical Director, American Visco ware. Carlisll, J. M., M.D. Medical Dime-tor, Meick and ( Professor of Industrial Medici Medicine, Philadelphia, lVnnsyl of Indo&biial Health and Idygie of Health. Cross, Ghorgu II., M.L). Associate Professor of Ophthahnc C >-iIi*Si'tiool o' Atr-r]'i`i"i' j Gumming, Donm.d E , B.S * Associate, Professor, Dcpai Linent o of lndostiial Hygiene, Uiiiversil Denver, Coloiado. E n'geh, Chari.no F., M.D. Assistant Medical Director, Wcsti mg. Compam , Ka.-L Fit tsluirgh i'OULGER, J ohn II., M.D.. F id ) ., E.A.t Medical Diu-doi, Haskell l.aboi.'f mingion, Delaware; Associate Mediea' College of Virginia, Ric * Pccca-.c,! 11. ., .1,1 , 3 \ t X i 1st ni' ('o v n n i'vio;:., UST ('!' G ibson, Auiiu.sriis, jM IX Physician, Merci': and Company, liah\va\, New Jeisev. H azlett, T. Lyi.e , M .l). Medical Director, Westinghouse Electric and M anufacturing Gompany; Protester Industria) Hygiene, University of PitR buigh, Pit!: buigli, Pennsylvania. H emwino. A lber t. M H , C h.B Physician, Metek and Company', Rahway, New Jersey. I I eyrotit, F rancis F.. M.D. Assistant Professo]- o) Research Physiology , TOtteiing Labutalory of Applied Physiology, College of Medicine, University ol Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Oiiio J ohnson, J oanna, R. N. Supervisor, lndustual Nursing Division, Employers Mutual Liability Insuianoe Company, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. J ohnstone, R utherford T., A J3., M.D. Diieetor of llie Dcjiartmcnl of Occupauonal Diseases (olden State Hospital. Los Angeles. California: Formerly Assistant Proiessor of Medicine, Univuisity of Pitlsbundi School of Medicine. Pitts burgh, Pennsylvania. K ehoe, Robert A., M .D. Ri-seau.Ii Piofessor of Physiology, Diieetor, Kctteiing Laboratoty of Applied Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio Kronennnito, M ilton li., M.D. Chief, Division of industrial Hygiene, and Industrial Medical Bupcrvisoi, Departmeni of Public Health, Piate of Illinois; Assistant Professor of Bactciiolocy and Public Health, Univi-islty of Illinois Chicago, Illinois K uechi.f , B. E., A.B. Vicc-Prcsidcnt and Clairns Manager, Employeis Mutual Liability Iiisuiriiiee Oompanv. Wausau, Wisconsin. L u c k ie sh , M a t t h e w , D .R o., D .E . Director, Lighting Rosemeli Laboratoiv. Cenciai Eierii u- Coinpanv, Nela Park, Cleveland. Ohio. M a c u l e , Wu.raro, M D Associate Proics.sor of Rese.aie.h Phvsiohiijv. A ssociate D n e tto r, X e tte iin g L a b o ia lo iy of Applied Phvsm iogv, College ol iMedieme. I imvi"s-!ty oi C in cin n ati, C incinnati, O R ). M cKee, R. W., Ph .D. Instructor ni Ind.Aliai IR^n-in, Stlmui ol I'ubn Hi-allh, ITmvaid fnio,.;-. jiy, Ih- fon, Ma adii,..ett- M o r r is , tA K .u i I., M .D ., I A.( .1 P ro fesso r of Preventive Modi sylvania, Philadelphia, Pei `M o r se , K e n n e t h , M.S. Industiial Eugineei, Dmsiu. Departm ent of Public Her Moss, F rank K., F..K - Physicist, Lighting Research Nela Park, Cleveland, Ohi< P e t e r s o n , C. ML, M.D. Seeretaiy, Council on Indnst, tion, Chicago, Illinois. R obertson, It F., M D Associate Medical Director. Jersey. R o s s it e r , F r a n k S., M.D. Medical Director, Cainegic Pennsylvania. S a w y e r , W il l ia m A., M.D. Medical Director, Eastman E S chwartz, I,outs, M.D Medical Director, United Sts Dermatoses Investigations i National Institute of Health T iioitrsox, Lorin A., Pn.D. Director, Population Study, mond, Virginia. Wamtler, F red J , M.A., M.D , Professor, Preventive and In Out-Patient Clinic, Medical Southern Biscuit Coinpain : WlMEMP, Gl'CRf;r Zun, M I) Associate Proiessor of Pathok mond, Virginia; Mcinbei of 372 PRINCIPLES a n d PRACTICE OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE V ll. OTHER PNEUMOCONIOSES There is considerable disagreement in the medical literature concerning the exact etiology of certain type of pulmonary fibroins due to dust inhalation other than silica dust. A&bestosis, sideroris, and anthracosis are the most important of these fibroses. Asbestosis I t has been well proven th a t a peculiar type of linear pulmonary fibrosis is caused by minute asbestos fibers inhaled by workers in industries utilizing asbestos for the manufacture of fire resisting material, insulation, certain fabrics and ropes, paints, roofing, tile, etc., as well as the manufacture of asbestos itself. Asbestos is magnesium silicate and is the only silicate which has experi mentally been proven to produce a pulmonary fibrosis w ithout exposure to silica. The onset and clinical course of asbestosis is similar to th a t of slowly progressing silicosis jn d the symptoms in the later stages arc identical. Fatal termination is usually by complicating pneumonitis, cardio-vascular decompensation, or tuberculosis. The roentgenopathology is typical and not difficult to differentiate from silicosis. Gloyne and Merewetlier state th a t the roentgenological appearances of asbestosis are revealed typically as a general lack of translucency with a fine pinhead mottling. This is the characteristic "ground glass" appearance. The film should always be compared with a film of a normal patient and a film of a silicotic patient taken with the same exposure. The diagnosis depends upon a definite history of exposure to asbestos dust including sufficient period of exposure, roentgenological appearance, decreased pulmonary capacity, and the finding of as'lvwtos bodies in the sputum of patients not yet removed from exposure to the dust. These asbestos bodies are well described and usually illustrated in most text books of clinical pathology. Tire pathology may be summarized -in the single statem ent that it consists of a persistent, progressive, diffuse perialveolar fibrosis of the lungs. The fibers inay be seen on histological examination to he embedded in the fibrous walls of alveoli and bronchioli and each fiber appears to be encrusted by an iron-containing yellow pigment. As would be expected, in the later stages the fibrosis becomes confluent and massive. , Sidcrosis Sidcrosis is chiefly a red pigmentation of ilio lung tissue due to inhalation of iron-containing dust, frequently found in hematite miners. Fxpori- mcntally, fill oris has not been produced hi' pure iron ui iron oxide dust PNJi - and only when mixed with haz fibrosis result. Therefore, unles . siderosis bv itself is asvmptom; clinical findings. A Black pigmentation of the lur ; types of carbon particles is coi industrial cities. Most marked There is some controversy concc carbon dust of itself can produce elusive experimental evidence th; I t is the author's opinion that all are due to an admixture of silica c fibrosis due to respiratory disc; produces no clinical findings or di re: American Public Health Association: coniosis and the Committee on St tion al Diseases, Year Book, 1933, B e l t , T. H., I rw in, D., and K ing, E. persons without occupational expo J., 34 (2): 125-133, 1936. B u r k e, H. E .: The detection of miner H y g ., 17: 27, 1935. . C ole, L . G., and Cole, W. G .: D yspi 113: 1216, 1939. C u m m in s, S. L .: The augmentation of tubercle bacilli. Brit. J. Exp. Pa D r in k e r , P., and H atch, T .: Industri; E llm an, P .: Pulmonary asbestosis: it tures, and associated risk of tuber G a r d n e r , L. U .: Pathology of so-call 1240, 1933. G a r d n e r , L P : The pathology and : coniosis. J. A. M. A., 114: 535-54 G a r d n e r , L. U : Recent developments F eb . 1910. G a r d n e r , L. U .: Studies on experimen of healing primary tubercles in the ' carborundum dusts." Am. Rev. of 1 G l o t n e , S. R., and M lrew ether, E. P H a tc h , T ., and T hompson, E. W .: A raj quantitation foi luutinc plant oper Tntlrna.tjona! T.aisour O m e n : Pncui jcp o its. s< in-- K (bid. Hyg No. I