Document xz7NEd5VxoaMpkkpE040keVob

May 9 , 1940 BR. S . A. K2H3E Dear D r . Keboes Sin c e otir co n ve r s a t io n i a New oted the g r e a t e r p a r t o f my t im e t o a s t u d y o f \\ . o p e r a t io n s . 3eca\ ts^ d iv is io n o ffi c e a c t i v i t i e s c e n t e r upon f i e l d ^ s a t io n a apd^ feustomer r e la t io n s , t h is r e p o r t i s co n fin e d t o t h e component p a r lfe\ jP^ &o e two p h ases* X have tr ic'd, prepaj ' o r t in th e same s p ir it in /\ w hich i t was a s s ign e d i t i s iay s in ce r e hope* t h a t an y sta t e m e n t I have made w ill n ot be r e ga r d e d c r it ic / s fe o f Company p o lic y o r p e r s o n n e l, That th s / r s a y agp e ar Njggt a gr ig*'!s la r g e ly due t o a d s ir e on a y p a r t t o *s lia ip a tir eeotCel r e p e t it io n o f "I b e lie v e " and " I t h in k ." `To a tte m p t H i! h a s boafc V&ade t o e s t a b lis h , a co n n e cte d r e p o r t s in c e X b e lie v e t h a t t h e v a r io u s ph^a^unjHt^>3t b e d is cu s s e d in s e p a r a t e fo r a and t h a t agr eem en t in d e t a il la e s s e n t ia l b e fo r e t h e p a t t e r n can be assem bled as e w h ole. The Est a b lish m e n t o f a D e fin it e Sa le s - Sa fe t y Management P o lic y In t h e e sta b lish m e n t o f a s a fe t y o r ga n iz a t io n , com plete r e co gn it io n mast be give n t o t h e in t e r lo ck in g n a tu r e o f ou r s a le s and s a fe t y programs. D ir e ct ly or in d ir e c t ly , th e a ctio n s o f one a ffe c t th e o t h e r s in c e b ot h in v o lv e custom er r e la t io n s . Becau se o f t h is f a c t , co or d in a tion r a th e r than sep ar ation a ffo r d s th e on ly p o sslb la solu tio n * K~ 0022865 N22C99 Dr* E. A. Xehoe / 9/ 40 I t i s , t h e r e fo r e , suggested t h a t a sm all working c o m it ie s be ap poin ted fo r th e purpose o f co o r d in a tin g s a le s and s a fe t y a c t iv it ie s fo r t h e b e s t in t e r e s t o f t h e Company. The fo r m a t io n o f a two-man boar d i s e s s e n t ia l t o d iv is io n o ffic e s . I t c e n t r a liz e s c o n t r o l, a ffo r d s prompt a ct io n on any q u estion r a is e d in t h e f i e l d , an d , a t th e same t im e , a ssu r e s d iv is io n o ffi c e s t a ffs t h a t t h e ir pr oblem s a r e c le a r ly p r e s o r t e d t o both S d e p a r t m e n t s . The w or kin g com m ittee sh ou ld d e fin it e ly be li fi lt e d t o two s e n fo r t h e e l a s t i c i t y o f a la r g e r gr oup would d e fe a t i t s Jr jm a r y p u r p o s e s , c e n t r a lis a t io n o f r e s p o n s ib ilit y and co n t r o l*---^ Fo r t h e p a n o s e o f i l l u s t r a t i o n , sN M\ a com m itVted\ co u ld * < V" // ^ c o n s is t o f Mr . Ka le y , r e p r e s e n t in g tl$* t je le s Dep a r tm en t, and Mr . Le w is , V\ r e p r e s e n t in g t h e Sa fe t y Department.^ a c t i v i t i e s would be r e p o r t e d by d iv is io n o ffic e s t o lll^ / Le w is, jUr p r e s e n t s ys t e m . Co p ie s o f if \ \ \ . y \ \ I/a l l s a fe t y co r r e sp o n d e n cy, e xce p t th at! i f a pizhely t e c h n ic a l n a t u r e , would be s e n t t o Mr . Kale y . D iv is io n o ffip e a sh ou ld bo in s t r u c t e d t h a t t h e Sa le s \ x _ ___ ^ D e p a r t a a d Vls t o be ke p t ih fo .r a e o ^ o f a l l m a t t e r s t h a t m igh t in flu e n c e s a le s , f f /\ i nop c o r p o r a t io n lp p lic i&a . Su ch in fo r m a t io n would in clu d e * 1 . Co s ip ia in t s r egis^ fep ed b y cu stom e r s b e ca u se o f e xce s s iv e c o s t s dus t o cn r o r b ^ ^ r tV-of^ g a fe t y r e g u la t io n s , 2 . Pr e ssu r e brought upon custom er s in s e cu r in g agreement t o s a fe t y su ggestion s. 3 . Vio la t io n s by custom er s o f m a n u fa ctu r in g lic e n s e a gr e e m e n ts. 4 P r o gr e s s o f work toward e s t a b lis h m e n t o f t a n k cle a n in g c o n t r o l, p la n t supervision , and ed u cation o f customer p e r son n el. 5 . Reports con cer n in g in cr eased or cu r t a ile d lead r equir em en ts. KE? 0022866 D r . B . A . Ke hoe -3 - 5/ 9/ 40 6 Developm en ts o f new r e fin e r y t e ch n iq u e * . 7 . De ta ile d r e p or ts o f a l l co n ta cts w ith e xe cu tive customer p er son n el. 8 . Bep or ta on a ll cases o f a lle ge d le a d p o is o n in g. 9 . F ie ld s u gge s t io n s on improved s a fe t y t e ch n iq u e . 1 0 . Bep or ta on a b ilit y and conduct o f s a fe t y e n gin e e r s . 1 1 . Co p ie s o f s a fe t y e n gin e e r s w e ekly l e t t e r s . .| Under t h e com m ittee s ys t e m , t h e a c t u a l d e t a il# o f s a fe t y Ij work would be h a n d le d by t h e Sa fe t y Depar tment w or kin g th r ou gh d iv is io n o f f i c e s . The in t e r e s t s o f t h e Sa le s Depor t ment-would. be^gTiairded by co n t a ct / > -- V\ \\ w it h d iv is io n o ffi c e s and th r o u gh tfca^ p fip ar t ay a t amt s u gge s t e d \ b q v e . At r e g u la r m e e t in gs betw een Mr . Ka le y anndV. K r . Lew i J L greeraent co u ld be r e a ch e d upon most o f t h e p r o b l-e n a -a r ia in &.v'V&e n agr eem ent can n ot be cached or where doubt a r is e s as to \ h k pro^ e^ course o f a ct io n , p r ovision // // \U\ V\ >\ nsh ou ld be made t o c a r r y t h a m a t t e r t o ffcilflr*. T a y lo r and Dr . Kefcoe. 'he s u gge\s tVio n , o f a d u a i/ b a a r d co n t r o l system i s not an In fe r e n ce / t h a t e it h e r depa^ tmen fTLjb ift t o i t s e l f , would f a i l t o r e co gn ia e c e r t a in co n d it io n a a s U n i a i c a l t o t h e o t h e r - i t i3 r a t h e r a b a s ic p la n t o \ \ J ' co o r d in a t e t h e a c t i v i t i e s o f t h e Sa le s and Sa fe t y Dep ar tm en ts a lo n g lin e s a c c e p t a b lV^ ^ b o t l Cah d in so d o in g s e t up a more e ffi c i e n t s a fe gu a r d fo r our corporate e xiste n ce . Becau se t h e n a t u r e o f s a fe t y work n e c e s s it a t e s t h e e s t a b lis h ment o f clo s e c o n t r o l, s a fe t y e n gin eer s must work d ir e c t ly under th e a u t h o r it y o f d iv is io n o f f i c e s . An y e ffo r t t o c o n t r o l f i e l d o p e r a t io n s fr om t h e s a fe t y h e a d q u a r t e r s in Mew Yor k would be d e t r im e n t a l t o co r p o r a t io n In t e r e s t s . I t would n ot o n ly p r ove in e ffi c i e n t fr om a co s t s t a n d p o in t , but i t would d e fe a t th e e s s e n t ia l fe a t u r e o f s a fe t y - r ig id co n tr o l* Dr, 1?. A. Kehoe -4 - 5/ 9/ 40. Prim ary co n tr o l a t d iv is io n o ffic e s is n ecessar y fo r the fo llo w in g r eason s: 1 . I t s e r ve s a s a c e n t r a liz a t io n p oin t fo r work assign m en t and in s u r e s a p r im ar y check o f work p r o gr e s s , . I t ser ves as a ce n t r a liz a t io n point fo r co n ta cts by custom ers. 3 . I t in s u r e s im m ediate and co n s t a n t s u p e r v is io n o f p e r a o m ^ ., p a r t ic u la r ly from a custom er r e la t io n s t a n d p o in t , Tfca r ecom m endations co n ce r n in g t h e d ir e ct ^ co n jb ^ o l o f s a fe t y e n gin e e r s i s in no way m otiva ted by an y p e r go n a l, d e s ir e tTyn^ alntain co n t r o l o ve r t h is gr ou p . They a r e based e n t ir ^ iy^ o n p ast >fi=ld e xp e r ie n ce which has proved t h a t r ig id co n t r o l end co r ^ t W t s u p e r visio n o ffe r th e on ly ap p r oach t o s a fe t y . I t i s ah se--e q u a lly \ f t b v t b a t t h e same co n t r o l and s u p e r v is io n be m a in t a in e d ,,by t h e coi2ai\ tee y / c r t h e o p e r a t io n s o f d iv is io n o ffice s . >/ Tkd. Necessity for yfcom p lote Frankness > V in Cuekoyfer Co n t a ct s I( \\The com p lete co o p e r a t io n o f o a r custom er com panies cannot be e xp e ct e d ! u n t i l we make b le a r t h e s e r io u s n e s s o f t a n k cle a n in g o p e r a t io n s . I am s u gg# ^ 4 ^ gb e lo w p ^ fe p r oced u r e t o be fo llo w e d i 1 , Sin ce "it ^ lT'o u r d e s ir e to give to th e m eetin g i t s fu ll shar e o f im p o r t a n ce , p r e lim in a r y ar r an gem en ts s h o u ld be made by Mr . ifebb in a le t t e r addressed t o t h e p r e sid e n t s o f our customer com panies. 2. The custom er a t t e n d a n ce a t co n fe r e n ce s s h o u ld in clu d e r e s p o n s ib le e xe cu t iv e s o f t h e s a le s , m a n u fa ctu r in g end s a fe t y d ep ar tm en ts. Th is would s e r ve a s a ch e ck on any la t e r s h ift in g o f r e s p o n s ib ilit y . K 0022868 Dr. R. A. Kehoo F a c t s sh ou ld b s p r e s e n t e d by a e v o ca t iv e neafebr o f o u r ie d ica l Depar tment who *?onld bo accom panied by an e xe cu t iv e o f t h e a le s Depar tm ent Any d e v ia t io n fr om t h is p la n would d e t r a c t from t h e im portance o f our m essage. Su ch s t a t e m e n t s a a a r e made s h o u ld be d e vo id o f in fe r e n ce and e s t a b lis h in u n m istakable terms th e exact fa c t s . fl 5 . Sin ce t h e d ir e c t purpose o f t h e m eetin g ia t o d evelop ape m a in ta in c lo s e r c o n t r o l o ve r t a n k cle a n in g o p e r a t io n s , i t ia e a e js jt ie l t h a t we se cu r e th e agreement o f ou r custom er s t o ^ p r o ^ e r lyb W t ie t in a l l persona / / ^ v\ \\ in t h e ir o r ga n iz a t io n who have a u t h o r it y t o ap d r ove work o fXt h ia n a t u r e . //' )j v Su ch a b u lle t in must be ao s t r o n g .^ a t an y la t ffr v io la t io n oou ld n ot ,,. be d is r e ga r d e d by t h e n n n ggs&an t, ., \ \x A l e t t e r o f co n fir m a t io n should ^ bA, addn^h^ed t o a l l e xe cu t iv e s a t t e n d - /1 \\ \ \ in g ea ch co n fe r e n ce J.n which t h e a u p je ct m a t t e r d is cu s s o d sh ou ld bo . i5 _ sta te d In gen er al tterms. / ? . P r o v is io n sh ou ld be ma'd^t t r -ch se k - e r io d ic a lly t h e co n t in u e d employment o f ^ e s e e u t lve s ja t t h e co n fe r e n ce and t h o men r e c e iv in g t h e o r ig in a l b u llW in . Prompy a ct io n should be taken t o in s t r u ct new p er son n el* jr b a ^ a ^ a b li3 h a e n t o f s Tank Cle a n in g Co n t r o l Syste m . Sffo o t lv e co n tr o l o f tan k cle a n in g in the fie ld is dependent upon a com p lete knowledge o f a l l p o in t s where a u t h o r it y fo r such work ia is s u e d . Th is in fo r m a t io n can be secu r ed in o n ly one way - d ir e c t fie ld e o n t o o t s . To a c c e p t , a s f i n a l , in fo r m a t io n o b t a in e d fr om ge n e r a l o r head o ffi c e s h as pr oved un sou n d , u ch a co u r s e p e r m it s t o o many unknown., in clu d in g m is in fo r m a t io n based upon la ck o f d e t a ile d knowledge and in t e n t io n a l KS 0022869 Dr. R. A. Kehoe - ~ 5/ -3/ 40 o r u n in t e n t io n a l a t a t assent a o f f a c t . Th is approach fu r t h e r weakens our profiraia by a ffo r d in g ou r own man an e xcu se in f a i l i n g t o co ve r a p a r t ic u la r situ a tio n . I t is su ggested , th e r e fo r e , th a t an accu r ate fie ld study be made o f each custom er company and co ve r in g t h e e n t ir e m a r k e t in g a r e a o f t h a t company. Ever y custom er d iv is io n o ffi c e sh ou ld be co n t a ct e d and in for m a tio n secur ed as t o t h e sou r ce o f ta n k cle a n in g a u t h o r it y in t h e ir p a r t ic u la r s a le s f i e l d . I f i t i s fou n d t h a t su ch a u t h o r it y i s d e le ga t e d fa r t h e r down t h e lin e to d i s t r i c t o ffi c e s5, t h fis u r v e y Sr o e i-4 ;5 in b e gin from t h a t p o in t . In e ve r y c a s e , t h e Lga t io p prnst in clu a e Nt h e names / / ' ij o f men a u t h o r iz in g t h e w or k, t h e tmmboiv o f tan ka/ h Yeaned each q u a r t e r , and th e p r ocedur e fo llo w e d in e le a n in g t h e The d a t a secaetred^shoul^N^ co o r d in a t e d a t each o f ou r own // w \ Y d iv is io n o ffic e s . Sou q d ir ies o f in d ivid u a l m ^ k e tin g a r e a s , to ge th e r w ith \t 11 t h e lo c a t io n o f lo c a l p^ foita o f au th oi^ fcy and t a n k cle a n in g d a t a , must be chariT; Pr o vvs t cjn a alsfas&a made fo r a p e r io d ic ch e ck-u p o f t h is d | ^ t o deter m in^ ^ jar eas n ot r e p o r t in g ta n k cle a n in g a c t i v i t i e s . In su ch cd s Vs , an in v e s t ig a t io n sh o u ld b e made t o a s c e r t a in w h ether t h is con d ition s^ fe*><u e^ iiy a la ck o f a c t i v i t y o r a fa ilu r e t o r e p o r t t a n k a cle a n e d . A s e p a r a t e ch a r t sh ou ld be ke p t fo r each cu stom er company ( Se e Ch a r t I ) . Where a d iv is io n o f a u t h o r it y e x is t s w it h in a company b e ca u se o f th e over lap p in g a c t iv it ie s o f d iffe r e n t departm ents, sep ar ata ch e r ts must be made. Th ia would in clu d e t e r m in a l and r e fin in g p o in t s w it h in a s a le s f i e l d ( Se e Ch a r t I I ) . K 0022870 Dr H, A. Itehoe / 9/ 40 At f i r s t g la n c e , t h i s program m igh t a p p e a r t o p r e s e n t c e r t a in d iffic u lt ie s because o f th e scope o f th e survey* Act u a lly , th e d iffic u lt ie s a r e n o t in su r m o u n t a b le . In t h e Ch ica go D iv is io n , co v e r in g seven s t a t e s , th e d ata oan be secured in about one hundred and f i f t y co n t a ct s . Th is would in clu d e n ot o n ly b a s io co n t a ct s made a t custom er d iv is io n o ffi c e s , but a ls o s ys t e m a t ic ch e ck-u p c a l l s In c lu d in g r e g io n a l and he^rjk o ffi c e c o n t a c t s . Th is d a ta can be assem bled w it h in a r e a s o n a b ly s ^ o ft tim e i f th e ji p r e s e n t s a fe t y e n gin e e r s and a b a s ic t r a in in g co u r s e fo r new men who would form a r e s e r ve gr ou p upon w h ich t o draw in t h e e ve n t o f emer gency o r exp a n sio n . Through group co n fe r e n ce s , in d iv id u a l ap pr oaches and s o lu t io n s can be exchanged and th e r e p r e s e n t a t ive s o f each d iv is io n can p r o fit by th e exp er ien ce o f o th e r s. Su ch m e e t in gs s h o u ld be o f g r e a t v a lu e t o t h e management n ot on ly because i t give s them th e op p or tu n ity o f cle a r ly e s t a b lis h in g t h e ir Dr. ?.. A. TTefcoe 5/ 9/ 40 vie w s , but a ls o becau se i t p a r a it a th e n to know b e t t e r , both t e c h n ic a lly and p e r s o n a lly , t h e men r e s p o n s ib le fo r s a fe t y o p e r a t io n s in t h e f i e l d , In s t m e t ion. Manual Ther e is an immediate need fo r a lo o s e -le a f book o f in s t r u c t io n s on. s a fe t y . Su ch a manual would f a c i l i t a t e t h e t r a in in g o f new men. I t would in s u r e a sou r ce o f r e a d y r e fe r e n ce a t d iv is io n o f f r e s , p a r t ic u la r ly !1 when lo n g d is t a n ce phone co n ve r s a t io n s w it h cu stom er s r equi| r 4 im m ediate a n sw e r s . I t would e lim in a t e t h e p o s s i b i li t y o f px iia^ jan d^irj! in s t r u c t io n s is s u e d in t h e p a s t and la t e r s u p e r se d e d . Xt -w ou ld 3erve'~ sva\ co n s t a n t / / f" X \ \\ r e fr e s h e r co u r s e fo r s a fe t y en gin eer 's aheJ/ '-Qivisio^ o r fi c e p e r s o n n e l. <V j } vLa s t , out n ot le a s t , i t soula e n a b le Tsafety eag^ her a t o t r a v e l w ith ou t t h e \\ / S ' la r ge f i l e o f c ir c u la r le t t e jM -t ^ ^ e ^ ^ a e ^ ^ ifit h them on th e r o a d . / / Gu Btom d ib.Hela't^ n a // \\ I t must b`e bor n e in mindj fh e t t h e s a fe t y o p e r a t io n s o f ou r \\ / S / ^company a r e La r ge ly a s s o cia t e d in th / minds o f ou r cu stom er s w it h t h e word, ' " `' ' if A"Exp e n se d ^ I t i s recoas e r a d ica t e t h a t fe e lin g ,| The r e ce n t p u r ch ase o f th e h ir e Pr e ve n tio n F ila i a an f p p le o f a o t t o ji d e s ir a b le on ou r p a r t . At t h o s e p o in t s where t h is film s a fe t y e n gin e e r s r e p o r t a n o t ic e a b le improvement in the a ttitu d e o f cer tain in d ivid u a ls. Me d ica l Repr esent a t iv e a An e ffo r t s h o u ld be made t o im p r e ss upon e xe cu t iv e p e r so n n e l a t r e fin e r ie s th e t r u e s ta t u s o f our m edical r e p r e s e n t a t ive s , I s in ce r e ly hope t h a t what I am about t o s a y w i ll n ot be m is in t e r p r e t e d o r , w or se s t i l l , K 0022872 Dr R A. Cehoe -9 - 5/ 9/ 40 co n s id e r a d a s a p p lie d t o ou r own d o c t o r s . The fa c t r e m a in s , how ever , t h a t t o many in d u s t r ia l r e p r e s e n t a t iv e s , a "company d o ct o r " i s a f i r s t a id man s e le c t e d fr om a f i e l d lim it e d fo r t h e most p a r t t o young a s p ir in g o r o ld d e sp a ir in g d o cto r s . Sin ce , by no s t r e t ch o f th e im a gin a tio n , could our d o ct o r s be p la ce d in t h a t ca t e g o r y , i t would seem w ise t o e s t a b lis h t h e ir t r u e s t a t u s . Th er e a r e , o f co u r s e , many ways in which t h is pibuld be accom- ir p lls h e d , bu t p r o b a b ly t h e most e ffe c t iv e would be d e fin it e jr cfn tacts between our d octor s and e xe cu tive r e fin e r y p er son n el. -Ijhat ou r d o ct o r s a r e u n d er p r e3 3 u r e and t h a t t h e in cr e a s in gja a s b w n ,.o f in a p e SVi^ n p o in t s V\ < < J ldoes not ligh t e n , t h e ir bu r d en , ye t we R e lie v e t h a t t im e shouloVDS sp en t w it h r e fin e r y e x e c u t iv e s . Our doctor *^ co u ld h e > p ^ a fe t y e n gin e e r s by V/ / p o in t in g ou t t h e n e c e s s it y i'o v ' C&r t a in ifccpp!ryem en te, t h e y co u ld e xp la in \V t h e m e d ica l a s p e ct s o f t-4ak cle a n ln g ^ \ n d a b o N r e a ll, t h e y cou ld d eve lop / / \ \ 'O a c lo s e r e la t io n s h ip s w it h r e fin e r y e xe cu t iv e s t h a t would p r ove in v a lu a b le to th e cor p or ation . ' // // V _^ : Div is io n o ffic e Su p e r visio n r\ I t i s recommended t h a t in t h o s e d iv is io n s where r e fin in g o p e r a t io n s a r e e x t e n s ile , t h e d iv is io n managers spend a t le a s t t w e n t y-five p e r c e n t ^o^ h i n -t lm e on s a fe t y w or k. T h is would in c lu d e fr e q u e n t f i e l d t r ip s w ith s a fe t y en gin eer s. In d ivis io n s where tan k cle a n in g represented th e ch ie f a c t iv it y , tim e could be devoted t o a le s s e r d e gr e e . In a l l s a fe t y o p e r a t io n s , knowledge o f co n d it io n s and r ig id co n t r o l a r e e s s e n t ia l. I t i s my th ou gh t t h a t tim e sp en t in t h e fie ld w ill accom p lish our p u r p ose. K f 0022873 Lr K A , K&hoe -1 0 - 5/ 9/ 40 i o r e d u ce t h e r e p o r t t o a sin im u ia , I have r e fr a in e d from c i t i n g ca s e h is t o r ie s t o pr ove a p o in t . The fa c t s g iv e n , how ever , can be f u l l y s u p p o r t e d , fh e s u gge s t io n s made a r e baaed on co n s id e r a b le s t u d y but n ot 1 t h th e p oin t o f view t h a t th ey a r e I n fa llib le * Sin ce a l l r e p o r t s le a ve som ething to be d e s ir e d , I s h a ll bb v e r y gla d t o r it e you in d e t a il on t h e p o in t s you w ill ifh fiou b ted ly r aise* 3 iB KB 0022874