Document xn0oeGEQnm93JYz8M1X4g12E
692
CHAPTER 49
1960 Guide
Table 3... .Design Data for Three Classes of Snow-Melting System*
sapbslt bat then cover risb should be reduced from 3 in. Depth d deb should always keep thermal resistance equal to 3 in. of concrete. S Depth required by structural design (should be a minimum of 3 in. of concrete).
Pig. 1 .... Detail of Snow Melting Panel
trace quantities about twice as often as there are for meas urable quantities of 0.01 in. or more. It is assumed that these light falls can be handled by the idling load.
The remaining columns of Table 1 represent the frequency distribution of required heat output. This distribution is based on the solution to the basic equation for two values of the free area ratio, A,. This distribution represents tire basis of the analysis and is also the basis for Tables 3 and 4.
For specific conditions, or for cities other than those given in Table 1, the solutions to Equation 2 are given in Table 2.
Table 2... .Heat Output and Fluid Temperature for Snow-Melting System
Rote of A,
t - c F U ** 10 F ! - 20 F f. - 30 F Speec - Spend Speed Speed 5 10 15 5 10 15 5 10 15 5 10 15
0.08
1.0 151 205 260 127 168 209 102 128 154 75 84 94 tm 108 135 162 97 117 138 85 97 no 70 75 79
0.0 Q. 66 66 66 64 64 64 62 62 62 60 60 60 tm 66 66 66 65 65 65 64 64 64 63 63 63
0.16
1.0 ?. 218 273 327 193 233 274 165 191 217 135 144 154 U 142 169 198 129 149 17Q 117 129 id 100 105 109
0.0 9* 133 133 133 129 129 129 125 125 125 121 121 121 tm 99 99 99 97 97 97 95 95 95 93 93 93
0.25
1.0 ?. 292 347 401 265 305 346 235 261 287 203 212 221 tm 179 206 234 165 186 206 151 163 176 134 139 144
0.0 9* 208 208 208 202 202 202 195 195 195 188 188 18S tm 137 137 137 134 134 134 131 131 131 127 127 127
Note: This table b baaed ce a relative humidity of 80 percent for all air tem perature*.
" rate of taowfsll, inches of water equivalent per hour, jtf free ua ratio.
-- elab output, Bta per (boor) (square foot). U " air temperatore, Fahrenheit. tm * fluid temperature, Fahrenheit. Based oo construction as shown b Fig. I. " wind speed, miles per hour.
Cffy
Albuquerque, N. M. Amarillo, Tex. Boston, Mass. Buffalo-Niagara Falla, N. Y. Burlington, Vt.
Caribou-Limestone, Me. Cheyenne, Wyo. Chicago, ill. Colorado Springs, Colo. Columbus, Ohio
Detroit, Mich. Duluth, Minn. Falmouth, Mass. Great Falls, Mont. Hartford, Conn.
Lincoln, Neb. Memphis, Term. Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn. Mt. Home, Idaho New York, N. Y.
Ogden, Utah Oklahoma City, Okla. Philadelphia, Pa. Pittsburgh, Pa. Portland, Ore.
Rapid City, 8. D. Reno, Nev. St. Louis, Mo. Salina, Kan. Sault Ste. Marie, Mich.
Seattle-Tacoma, Wash. Spokane, Wash. Washington, D. C.
Desgc Output, Bfv par (Hr) (Sq R)
an 1 system1
71 98 107 80 90
Oau 0 Class ID system* system*
82 167 143 241 231 255 192 307 142 244
89 (93) 83 89 49 (63) 52
138 129 165 63 72
307 425 350 293 253
69 83 (114) 93 84 (112) 115
140 206 144 138 254
255 374 165 372 260
64 (67) 134 63 (95) 50 121
202 144 155 90 298
246 212 254 140 342
98 216 217 66 81 350 97 229 263 89 157 275 86 97 111
58 (86) 98 122 85 52 (78)
102 154 152 120 144
447 155 198 228 213
92 128 133 87 127 189 117 121 144
From Air Conditioning, Beating and Ventilating, August 1957, p. 92.
* Where idling rate is greater than Class I design rate, idling rate is given in parenthesis and should be used 83 Class I design output.
For das 1 (residential) System*, the design output is ret at that required beat output (see Table 1) when Ar " 0 at the 98th percentile of the frequency distribution; that is where 98% of the hours have this output or less.
t For Class U (comasocial) System*, the design outputis the maximum out put when A, 0 is Table 1 Oast column).
i For Clare HI (industrial) Systems the design output is determined by tbe fallowing four requirements: (1) Output is never greeded for two consecutive boars; (9) Output for Ar -- 1; Table 1, is at bast 1 Btu per boor per sq ft greats than merimuro output for Ar -- 0; (3) Ar is greater than or equal to 0.6 maxi mum requirement shown b Table 1 for A, = I. That is, & -- -f- + 0.8 (q, + n) far the conditions wbere g, -- 9 + fa + 9t + g are a maximum; (4) The tree area ratio dr is unity for at least 98% of the boors listed in Table 1.
Snow Melting
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Table 4 .... Yearly Operating Data
IdSnq
Meftmo
MSss
Mattes
Cfy
Time,* hr per year
Rate,* Btu per
(hr) (sq ft)
Output,* Btu per (year) (sq ft)
Time,4 hr per year
Output,* Oats* Btu pei (year) (*q ft)
Cfy
Tune,1 hr per
Rote,* Output,* Btu per Btu per
Time,* hr per
(sq ft) (sq ft) year
Out
put* CW Btu per
(yew) (sq ft)
Albuquerque, N. M... 897 32.5 29100 22
Amarillo, Tex.............. 944 51.1 48200 33
Boston, Mass............... 1140 52.1 59400
Buffalo-Niagara Falls N. Y........................... 1702 50.2 85500
145 240
Burlington, Vt............ 1978 76.9 152000
Caribou-Limestone, Me.............................. 2563 93-0 238000
236 290
Cheyenne, Wyo........... 1808 77.7 140000 138
Chicago, HJ.................. 1848 67.8 125000
Colorado Springs, Qolo........................... 1583 63.4 100000
134 76
Columbus, Ohio......... 1383 45.0 62200 105
Detroit, Micb.............. 1790 49.0 87600 134
Duluth, Minn.............. 2922 113.8 332000 250
Falmouth, Mass.......... 1071 44.2 47400 73
Great Falls, Mont...... 1677 111.6 187000 174
Hartford, Conn........... 1412 41.9 59200 171
Lincoln, Neb................ 1906 67.2 128000 91
Memphis, Tenn......... --
Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn....................
454 2570
32.0 14500 95.1 244000
11 203
M 908
1260
II 969 Mt. Home, Idaho___ 1546 41.9 64800 40 IT 1530
III 1150
111 1590
1 2150
11 2520 111 2770 1 8000 II 9080 ill 9100
I 11800 I 14600
New York, N. Y....... 1532 1655
Oklahoma City, Okla. 719
50.7 44.6 56.2
77700 73800 40400
76 160 44
II 4690 III 4710 1 7050 11 7370 III 7370 I
IT 2800
III 14900
111 5400
1 11800
I 2710
IT 13500 Philadelphia, Pa....... 820 31.4 25700 58 II 3100
ill 13800 1 17800*
1 20600 111 22500 1 9730 II 13200
1445 49.5 71500 182 221 17.4 3840 36
111 3110 I 9050
10700 TIT 11100 I 1300 II 1330
III 20200
1 7200
II 8390 Rapid City,-S. D.... 1873 86.4 162000 III 8700
T 3960*
11 3960 111 7390
1510 55700
I 3590
116 87
III 1360 1 7450* II 8250 III 13400 I 2970
3030 III 3030 I 2190
II 4180 III 5350 I 5540 11 6850
Hi- 7070 T 33200* Sault Ste. Marie, 11 38100 Ml 39500 I 3830 Seattle-Tacoma. 11 4250 111 4290 1 13700* n 15400
in 19100 i 9830
ii 10800 Washington, D. C__
1104
2512 392 1673 770
44.8 4950 53.9 75400 77.7 195000 17.2 6750 39.1 65500 30.6 23600
33 54 345 44 196 33
III 2380 r 2920
ii 3370 HI 3810 i 17600*
ii 22200 hi 23200 i 1410
ii 1430
iii 1430 i 8650
ii 9350
hi 9560 i 1650 n 1660
in 10810 i 4750*
u 8350
i From Table 1, Column 8 X 3630 (hr per year).
in 1690
in 8520 i 702 ii 721
* Bate when, idling, Bta per (Hr) (SqFt) - (0.37s + 3J) (33 - f), wbere -
wind speed from Column 5, Table 1, and l = air temperature from Column 4, Tablet.
mi 792
i 14200* n 17600 in 18400
* Produet of the two pi----ling columns. * Hoursof Snowfall, from Column 7, Table 1. * See footnote far Table 3. * Based on the mnrfitimi thatturfus Imnpmfaim h rmintaiiwi at
nntit
required output exceeds designed output, si which time design output is used
regardlere of required output. Distribution of required output bsaed on Table 1.
* Baaed on Idling Bate ratter than Pcrgn Bata.
Air Conditioning, Healing and Ventilating, August 1957, p. 94.
Notice that these solutions are for a relative humidity of 80 percent. For other values of relative humidity, corrections can be obtained by using Equations 8 and 9 as follows:
dp. -4,(0.02019 + 0.055M/,
(8)
~ coarnio + asssih,,
m
Snow-melting installations are classified in Table 3 ac cording to types as Class 1, II, or 111. These classes have been discussed thoroughly in Reference 3, and are defined in