Document xkJokbxKM0Lp5GxrgRw3ep51

UNION CARBIDE HIGH-PURITY ASBESTOS A NEW WHITE FIBROUS FILLER AND RETENTION AID FOR PRINTING PAPERS IT PROVIDES: IMPROVED SHEET FORMATION IMPROVED TiOz RETENTION INCREASE DYE RETENTION WITHOUT ASB2ST0S WITH asbsiqs Opacity Brightness Reduced Show-Through ASforAf-U depo. Em PLUS .. 7/jj/tf KIRBY A, KENNEDY Cellulose Fines Retention *- COURT REPORTER Printability Improvements Reduced Static Electricity Buildup SEE ATTACHED MILL TRIAL DATA ________ tB0.ESU KIRBY A. KSSJEDV COURT BgOffTcH RETENTION OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE IN BOND PAPER 076666 Purpose of Trial: Improve Titanium Dioxide Retention to effect either material cost savings or improve the opacity of 37 lb. Bond produced by this paper company. Type of Paper Machine: Open Fourdrinier -- 126" Trim -- machine speed 700 ft./min. > Production rate: 70 tons per day. Furnish fin use): Furnish Change During Trial: 18% Hardwood-Sulfite 26% Softwood-Sulfite . 56% Softwood-Kraft... no change no change no change Additives* 1.6% Talc......................................................................... 13.0% Clay......................................................................... 0.4% Emulsified Wax..................................................... 3.0% Titanium Dioxide ................................................. 2.4% Asbestos no change to 10.6% Clay no change to 2.4% (Post trial retention data indicated that 1% Ti02 could have been removed without a loss in opacity). Savings Resulting From Improved TiOi Retention: Reduction of Ti02: 1 % of 70 tons of paper per day = $350/day savings. Cost of 2.4% asbestos (34/lb. due to 24/lb. clay reduction) $100/day Net savings per day due to asbestos retention of Ti02.......................... $250 or $3.60/ton paper Annual Savings ........................................................................................ $37,800 These savings are for this one grade being produced 150 days per year. Actually this company has other grades where the same results may be obtained. Other Gains associated with this mill evaluation: 1. Saveall Effluent was improved in clarity. This unit was handling an estimated one million gallons of excess white water per day and the use of 2.4% asbestos allowed a 35% reduction of solids passing to the sewer. This amounts to reduced stream polution and more tons of paper per 100 tons of stock. 2. Closure or more uniform formation was indicated by porosity readings. 3. Opacity values increased during the use of asbestos even though clay and TiOa quantities were reduced as shown above. " 4. Smoothness values were improved. Physical Characteristics of the Bond Paper produced: Percentage Asbestos: Basis Weight (lbs./300 Ft*) Machine Direction Tensile Cross Direction Tensile Mullen Tear Smoothness (Gain) Opacity (Gain) Brightness Wax Pick Caliper % Ash in the Bond Paper (gain) 0% JO 12.6 8.3 20.6 32/33 53 82.5 8318/16 3.23 10.2 1% 373 13.0 8.0 20.8 30/33 32 . 83 82-83 18/18 3.09 11.3 ' 2.4% "JO 13.8 6.5 22.0 34/36 3L. 84-8A5 82 18/18 3.10 12.4 APPLICATION RETENTION AID IN PAPER MILL SAVEALl OPERATION 07666? OBJECT: REDUCE SOLIDS LOSSES AND REDUCE RIVER POLLUTION TYPE OF SAVEALL: OLIVER DRUM TYPE FILTER WITH STAINLESS 60/40 MESH WIRE USING FRESH CELLULOSE PULP AS A FILTER AID. MATERIAL TO BE RECLAIMED FROM EXCESS WHITE WATER RETURNED FROM THE PAPER MACHINE 1. Titanium Dioxide 2. Clay 3. Cellulose fines 4. Starch 5. Dye particles Data for the operation: Production rate of Paper Machine: 60 tons/day Machine Speed: 800 fpm Wire mesh -- 75x58 Total Filler Content: 6.25% (1.25% TiO^; 2.5 % clay; 2.5% starch) Furnish: 50% Magnifite Hardwood 30% Softwood Draft-Spruce 20% Broke pH 5.0 with Alum fe REDUCTION OF SOLIDS LOSSES USING HIGH PURITY ASBESTOS: % Asbestos 0 Flow Rate (GPH) Average Solids in !bs./1000gals. Number of days/year for thisparticular condition Value of Material $/ton 1,000,000 3.2S 200 100 2W 1,000,000 0.55 200 100 ANNUAL SAVINGS RESULTING FROM THE USE OF ASBESTOS: S27.000 APPLICATION--RETENTION OF FILLERS Novel Paper No. 22 for Color Books Purpose: Improving Retention of Fillers for Improved Opacity, and for Material Savings. Type Paper Machine: Open-Fourdrinier ) Machine Trim: 132" Production Rate: 150 tons per day ) Machine Speed: 804 F.P.M. Systems pH: 4.5 - 5.0 Basis Weight: 32 lb./1000 ft.* Furnish: Prior to aw of Asbestos 80% Groundwood 20% Unbleached sulfite 5% Georgia clay 0.3% Tetrasodium Polyphosphate 0.4% Zinc Hydrosulfite 0.3% Alum 2.8% Zeolex 0% Asbestos with 2% AibtiiM 80% 20% 5% 0.3% 0.4% 0.3% 0% 2.2% -- added Other additives to the headbox: Kymene 557 -- 1.7%. Retention Results: % Asbestos % Clay % Total ash % Increase due to asbestos (clay retention) % Increase due to asbestos (total ash) 0 24 30 2.2% 39 43 62% 43 \ 52.5% ave. J er Tests with and without Asbestos: Basis Weight (lbs./3000 ft.*) % Ash % Opacity Two-sidedness 0% Asbestos 32 4.4 92.9 Ipt. 2.2% Asbestos 32 6.5 93.6 0 - 0.5 pts. suf J 'Economic Gain and Quality Improvements: 1. High Purity Asbestos (2.2%) replaced 2.8% Zeolex with an immediate cost advantage. With a jftcauction rate of 140 ton/day, Zeolex was being used at a cost of $548/day while its replacement, High-Purity Asbestos, cost $308/day, yielding a savings of $240/day. The asbestos also caused an increase in clay retention; a 0.7 pt. opacity gain was achieved allowing either improved quality, or an additional estimated savings of $390/day if normal specifications are held. Final result was a total daily savings of $680/day. 2. Reduced two-sidedness during the use of High-Purity Asbestos also gave an improved paper product.