Document xjwqZGNo0X8p8E6d6VpJBw7QQ

FILENAME: Flintkote (FLK) DATE: 1984 DOC#: FLK080 & 081 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Legal - Exhibits from Deposition of Arthur R. Hooker IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA IN AND FOR THE COUNTY OF ALAMEDA In Re: Sterns, Brown & Finney Consolidated For Discovery Related Shipyard and Applicator Asbestos Cases. ________ ____ ________________________/ No. 573686-9 IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA IN AND FOR THE CITY AND COUNTY OF SAN FRANCISCO o i In Re: Stems, Brown & Finney Consolidated For Discovery Related Shipyard and Applicator Asbestos Cases. ____________________________________ / No. 805555 DEPOSITION OF ARTHUR R. HOOKER April 12, 1984 April 13, 1984 R E P O R T E D BY PATRICIA CALLAHAN & ASSOCIATES CERTIFIED SHORTHAND REPORTERS DEBORAH WONG BROOKS C.S.R. NO. 5223 337-17TM STREET SUITE 100 OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA 94512 (41S) 635-3993 m i6 / r z F '.'AM 0193325 FLD 00003022 DESCRIPTION OF PACKAGING OF FLINTKOTE ASBESTOS PRODUCTS Licuid Products; All liquid products are packaged in metal"cans ranging in size from 1 to 55 gallons. Each can has a label setting forth the current Flintkote trademark, the name of the product, a general description of the product, direction for use and a limited warranty. This general packaging format has always been used for liquid products. * rioor Tile: All floor tiles are packaged in cardboard cartons. Printed directly on each box is general information including, the Flintkote trademark, the name of the product, a general description of the product, directions for use and a limited warranty. This general ptckeqinz format has always been used dor floor tile. Asbestos Cement Pipe; This product line was closed down in 1977. The product' was not packaged but rather shipped by pallet. The product contained no written material. Asbestos Shincles and Board: These products were last manufactured during the early ^O's. The products were packaged in paper wrapping. Printed directly on the wrapping was general information including the Flintkote trademark, the name of the product, a general description of the product, directions for use and a limited warranty. Oranceburc Fibre Pioe: This product was last manufactured in 1972. The product was not packaged. The Flintkote trademark was pressed into the pipe. The product contained no other written material. Van Packer Chimncv: This product was last manufactured in i$71. FLINTKOTE~does not keep a historical file of product packages or labels and has no independent knowledge as to how this product was packaged or labeled. (The Van Packer Co. was sold in 1971.) Readv-Mik Joint Compounds; This product was manufactured by independent companies and sold by FLINTXOTE during the period 1955 through 1976. It was sold in cans ranging in size from 1 to 5 gallons. Wheni XHISIT D i 3/30/53 1 - *xMirr. i ./ [ Ho o c e R. 14 -iZ-& relabeled by FLINTXOTE, the label contained general information including the Flintkote trademark, the name of the product, a general description of the product, directions for use and a limited warranty. The FT.INTXOTE Company does not maintain a file of packages/labels of products bought from independent manufacturers and, at this time, has no independent information as to hov this particular product was originally packaged. Powder Joint Treatment Compound: This product was manufactured by inoepensent companies and sold without repackaging/relabeling. Zt was last sold by FLINTXOTZ in 1975 or 76. FX.IKTKOTE does not maintain a historical file of packages or labels on products brought from independent manufacturers and, at this time, has no independent knowledge as to how this product was packaged. Spray Texture: This product was manufactured by independent companies and private labeled by FLXNTXOTE. It was last sold in approximately 1976. FLINTKOTE does not maintain a'historical file of packages or labels and, at this time, has -no independent knowledge as to how this product was packaged or labeled. IlMt *-|1 fiur>( OcMcnt V f r ir f Jr. O w nt ll.lNfftOII. ftSMI.ST<& INMUMHIAL *'UOUC 12 h i r l u l oC W w iia i.H tf i 1954-70 | 1 4 . S% IM rylle r w m n t O n tln y 1070*1011 7 MA tt'H u ( la r H ittlo So to la fM d i * * M in ln m Ptoof O M ) (0 lfr-l9 | A -C'n Q M tln ) ltt i Jo in t O m it S teadfast Q m tt 1951.1971 |* O l,90 I954 I9 II KJI| I954 I9 II |V | 194*1970 ItH.ND) 1940-1001 IOII 1949-1901 IV) 1947-70 1944-49* IH)I IM 20-20% R J . Cat Q m t t a f l C ar Orwunt II C tr O m m t-PullM n f l C tr Q ffcnt'M ) O ll II O r Q m n t- n O ll |2 Car riM ft-lb O ll 14 C a r U * o n t 14 C ar O M a it |7 i) Car Cw nt MOI O r C n m t So. R r ll m y V I . 997 Car Crwiftt ISprayl ITttMl) im: m .u m M Car D im nt r-i Car C m m t ro Car Cmont M Car njooit HwM car oom nta vor a a la fnaa tto la to 1940*a and dlauraKInural p rio r to 1940 a t C. Killt N.O. a l Q a p IM ., (to im h n i on d d ||> ia / d o a tin a tk n 14- I )% 10% 17% 19% 14% 151 14% m% in 22-29% 15- 2 )% 25% 4151 |r?rfl|41<B l l l l c j i a o f m U j o i n t o j r I f o r Van P a i^ r d d m * y aoctlona ri**aatnd a c r y lic laU ut m i t l w j f o r U o and blacktop a d a rM a tU f la u tlo oraaont tr e a te d t o I n d to iL |i aurtaooa M tp ln m p lip o n ta d w flo c tlv o ttxaf ccMling V ra y gratia M , c a r o o o n t Rnifri o r gun gratia jo in t s e a lin g cargaaavl A ll w r r apray to titM )l gratia o c ta l 17p%n M itc tlv o o o a t l n j a u an d by r a ilrc w a l car lu ild s n or repair am ps 10% EXHIBIT A str.rrcr.7 rat key to HMirAcWntrc urarmo NOTEi 4 a Ejrceoda 7/27/83 i li Ijfn n ^ w io Hem nw: n j . uni m III o i l ) Car O m i t % r-i l is t o lii Car O m n i IC C u O m n i OC L I N Car O m n i N liw u r l- P a c K io Cfer Ovwmt O b lo ro o at U i l a u t l e 152 f>or|lqf_Hwei<ci t y e Tlene o r o m l a w r a a h i I n a i i l o lii) IH O *i a i l dlaoreiMiea) ) lo r to I H ! a l E. M uli, H O. m l Ory H U ., V ienili^ on iilip in f (V rliiu tlan Hid-1 a te IMO* t o 117) (brhoH a 8ft. S m i r f r r m U IS 1950-60 itoo-14) C-IJ-AM ** C -IJ -C 4 (1 0 0 -U I C -IJ-S * C-I9 I II H 4 I C-20 u t 19io *-|9?o in i'to t U t IH O U -IM I lai) 1940*-19I9 |V) hC M )70 S te lle rdbratad I H 0 - H 7 I |n t (N)) I H I H H I f a i) IM O -IM I (V) 190-1945 J954-196S I I I ) U ito rtn ly O M tln g I H I - I I ? ) (EH.HO) 1954-1901 (v) IH M M I (ail 1965-1967 O uco ralt OMtlr) IV u o ra lt 1910 04) Dooncnlor l^nnotuM Olmter (920-OS) I m itin o 19)0-06) D namnloc H* (910-27) O y ittu r f (920-101 (920-01) U t* IIU ' to I tti %_Ai4t0l t 14-1 219 11-15 1(1 1)1 (1 It in n 11 Ml 21 20-251 IM I 4 .5 -4 .0 9 f t : a a l |4 A ll atre l)v y to Iruw ol g ra in evitai | u t c tl% Q a a t i i i g ial liy r a i l i a a d c-tr b u ild e r o r r o |a i r lag liliali o p a lin i for protection o f Utfinaat Irw ulatton 8>tral f i l l e d a b i t a l i a r u la lo n fo r p ro ta ctln g corti In a u la tlo n i n f renter Trowel g r a ie cau l ela n wnathor piotactlce for lim ita tio n ( M a lt baea) riu a ia i m l t l w l u lu la i grada C -l ) A Oruah o r H * a y g ra d a a f t ia lt u l i l o n roof aoatlng L ig h t c o n * la te n c y C - l >-A Orioh o r pray grad a s f f t a lt o i U A liu r u ta tio n |>roLoct i n c o a t in g lim ai p ro tectiv e co atin g-Spi .n n -a ln r t U n plqM nt an i filli ) la ica m i t l n g a u n i ( a l m i l l y (o r BUIla c in g tern i anuria SynonymTua t l m IVHVtpMnl IhUInj |010-11) 1970-74 IV rio l o f H m ufcl uro I hitlo o t It f i l m i*t a>Mirw) ( n e i t o o t o > m v j t r i u a t r d i t ^ v m i tnt.HM (010-09) 1945-1991 OD ) 9 4 5 - ) 9 9 7 (V) ritra i O m ni ritra i 1 Cult I940*e-1970 ttH .tU l l * a - m t K T l t e ir ly I 4 0 * s -I 9 f2 (V) r l l l o r O w l 1900-20) Ita n l* C ourt femurfa t r 1944-1979 im .H l) 1941-1991 MM 1944-1991 (V) f i l l e r ( b i t IlInJsf 1900-15) (See Ite n a ilk o ie 100IM rllntjV * tW II-1970 |-9 t 191 41 41 HMOO u 10-25) I M tn u tlo 150 d u l y 1940'*-1979 In i) 7.5 nt-0 <1)0-20 * 194 t o 1970 bn>ron. 15 nv-KK) (170-14) (T -l T ile O m n i * Ily d rm tM lc N nstlc I.evcIKnl# (900-J4) Horofnn* C ll-ll-Ci ii rn 3oo Mid l9 4 0 'e -1 9 7 9 ( lit) 4 (M 4-C 210-21 Bee S ta t ic U rveM ote mom t n j w l t E a rly 194Q'-1979 U N I940*a-)99l I n n lu r l y 1940- -1902 |v) 1971-1912 IVI Meet C oast only ' 1940-41 Info I940*e-I975 U ni 10 15.5 1.5% 3% n D?rcrli *lort * resin Inn i u u l l n i lor u m o w ut c titans Io m I noniI li |ir y or Ime* q r e l) t r e f o i l c u ti ruu( <oiili| g i t a l i cutio di adhoalw for o m n tln f iwifli} b a n * c a t r b u t (H int) le v a li In? end toothing a io n l for p in m n ti Heavy b in d e r fo r sd x lrv j w ith tuovl In fie ld lo m ie f lllo r coat tu n w n l Sand f i l l e d ro e In a o rtln f-M id a surfaces iv n -lllp f|t| n n i re s in con tin g fo r In su la tio n flre retA nbnt f ir e re ta rd a n t a iflw lt cutK ict-ravIo c|a*rliacnt.'illy a t K tv O rle a n s b u t l l m lu * jh t fur reaa le. P ro tectio n for Incutati on. f l^ v n lo l la tex ooatlng fo r In au latlo n flre retardant flo o r ti le o tm n t ftnal-H ietlc vapor b a rte r co atin g Prueh o r t| ay grade f ie li tim i alno roof onatli/ 4|iry g rad o e e ftv a lt cu U w d t ro o f co a tin g fo r anorofone system lu ta ti o r pray grin lo U |t u U ( m illio n rxof o n atln j h n o n-fire re la rd m t versio n o f m -)0 0 u t i l i t y O M ilrg uoes i I if [ M si I I \ I I 1 i ! ! w I 1 1 o* c ? I IIII s z l i ! n ! r i I J g S f z: V i I 5 \I s. I$ * r fi Ma T V In .h iu -Iji- IM I ^ !i> i= .' I JVS 1 | M Mort W *o>r. H n*-i m 1111 ttlirM ile U Scalar Iix>-li n u il* |]1 O M tin t 11004 M a a l w U l* lr*r typai u n irxr typai U H (ntr typai .un UJ M astic arw r ru M a n tle Con'r t I0IO-1II l IO '-I**0 r.o -iM m i-iK O IOSO-1N - r h n u l a l a t r m i-iH O ' I I xnnulaexd im -iw i is-m s l t - l *5 l 40' 'I H t Id l 9IO'-IW O'a Mld HM I0, -1S0' id d io ' i - i W i id iso*-iso*a Id I W 'i - I W r.irlv I'M*-* IIT,*0 | IVI ly I W O -I M I till) fc.tly H id V I M l Iw 1 11 V IM i* 15 ,,yahlo wytul cum * pl cctlon-j amile TM t fella. xkrci r n o o c t l w era 1i-l 1 e|>rt crd l u f la H eutlnck f e lla lt eutlack-ue< * n > Ilalini oiUocfc lo r m /M w taut lia rla o d n ia it cutlack lor M lu allw alant A lar lirai l a i t cutlack wtlr for M A wlnlnhlold* it is i in ii M it 10 i -m A tiro xtanlant l a i t au lirla far A., or U ilItici Bilie o l od hlqh txnperature Inaulatlen x ix alv e l i a r acment liar axent l i a r ornant . l i a r exxant llar axant Boalar ad caulk 1e r p la a tia rwor l a l t cuUack l u i tita n i l a l t cutback lor uni l l s 'tfiiir/a on! I*iitfcajt flDq I'ljn ilc fu m b ilo n C if. " hof Okilln) f.urai \S Kiln N id i 111 On h U * r H o t Ct*) A ll KiatHir N u tlo Hj m II Not Costing * Iur/|as {festin? Oik Om n i . M a a t i c (U n ta r O ceiol o f H w uA d if'O'HM 1KB-19I 1949-19BI io t i I N M H 1 |V | II9I.IOI I1W -IW I foil 1949-19? fCR#?Ot 1949-I9l (O il Olii I9 4 0 ' -1 9 5 0 ' N l r e a f Car C toonti 0-14-C H -14-0 B m Cat Q m m u So c r - i I9H-IK) r<^air J o i n t CTO 1291 1 94-1940 *<1*1. Sanlnd f r m l a 19 Goo Cork H a stie S |v a y to U B io tic M fiialt riU lto ] Boa NO S U t l o Boo C - t K I '* S ta tic Lovotkota flo>lfaiit Coonnt S ilk -T ali Oonont i So tack J o in t O m uit I95-19?0 (IT,NO) I9SN-I9BI |o( <954-1949 1950-1945 itia ilt Cbuit fttturfsoor Gr r illo T O M t (909- 301 1 U n k t IH Inti }( t a il cu U .* i uu |anilli> j o|>uil n -iw 11-15 1.5 1.5 N j a t t o orormt IfM tad U> b u il to M i oaetoaom IrurA o r |*r#y g m ls roof o u U n j ouU wkA Cl.inr fU r n v l u g iu lt cnultion roof C U itifll outliidt f t t o l v t for ro ll routing 11% trMl g u t s flo o r t ir o a n o n t MfliAJt C U lliK i HI Itoiivy itx w o l grirto o itb a d i for s o ilin g sewer plpo jo in ts 1.5 11 IJ A |< u lt a u l s l c n fo r law s l q u roofs A.*g4kSlt c u ll u d i srfin sjvi) f o r r o o f sliln jls U U .iu<n | `vtort 'll** lle m t l h i o * IIOO-IM M elile I t i l o w l l e ISO lltlnirit b: IS! V.M 1tortker J t . t t n m t V,i|**r *#*! C jm nyw w i ll*u m i c e I h i l libalor 1 ne m -io o b o QdIo o i ii i Feo Ari! l*nf O ra sti H IM <>**| IVrl*l of t M ca Iim l.it.i i w i V I l t i im .n ii HUI 1 1 -fM tl M il I..III l l W a - I W ) IV) i n . b h f i (i> ,mh IH I-IM I lot) 22~r% i r . i - i i n iw St v in tili CMpnl Fe M o l i l e Q w iil M>|.b> Q w o l Knot on ly Shyhntc * !>i|or S la k n o l W hit n .M h w i-n in v i SI IM n 'n -lillI in n IS K -I9 I2 U-"l 2% IT 4N -I97J *-M hi UtM.t l|A b i Iftstvy I n ' I irvi j o | h i l l ilabio- m w l jrhf . i q i a l l n K U ic t u rte * |4 (l ll | UA|M S tao i-H itllc . i i i b i l t OM lIrv) fiH t o turo u|*r U o a l c r Ti i m i I i;No M f i o l t c u l l a d i l o r ro o f fhiuhbv) libili u t m v |l h M|4w*l i cutlKick B iv a lv e |n r n o ! nitrones rilM>nletl n o |* b A lt m u l o Io n 1ct l o ro ti r o o f ln) c o . i t ln t) | CVnent ly|o tlry o ta ro n fin e ) c o .il ini) TItc |>*oiluct cnolod by A limililo OAtorlot l*'| on |t.t|i!* I Ihrmefh > of thin oirhIMt *re firmltict.a |ccocot Iyn.timfnc turrit Iiy ntlicrt Imi it`|| by r| |nllt*1<l. HIT in W N r u r imiltTi tn'ATUW in nnc/m irions, il mi i/crr hi h i tM la tiiA tr;, iA V t A 'i n n , 'A ADDITIONAL AS3E5TOS PRODUCTS ONCE MANUFACTURED 3Y FLINTKOTE Product Period of Manufacture Apprcxima te Asbestos Conten ,estos Cement Board sestos Cement Pipe 1950-1970 1962-1977 10-15 % 16% 5estos Cement Siding Poofing Shingles Approx, early 1950s to early 1970s 10-15% (phalt Saturated Asbestos Approx. 1956-1976 65% lit {Built-up Roofing) jooring-Asbestos Vinyl [oor Tile | * tber Pipe Approx. 1945-1980 1959-1972 8-14% 1-1/ 2 % m Packer Chimneys 1964-1971 (a) Commercial chimneys for those products that used asbestos fiber - (only jackets which are a small part of overall product) 22% (b) Residential chimneys 20% Flintkote purch a s e d .the asbestos felt from other manufacturers and merely saturated it with a s p h a l t in their own facilities. PRODUCTS MANUFACTURED BY OTHERS BUT SOLD BY FLINTKOTE ' lOoint Treatment Compound [Spray Texture Paint jjSeiling Tile (Mid West only) Asphalt Saturated Asbestos Felt (Built-up Aoofing) Asbestos Cement Shingles Super Stakool VThite (West Coast only) ' _ Period of Sale 1955-1976 1974 1976 1966-1974 Intermittently from approx.- 1941-1982 1960-Mid 1970s 1948-1977 5% 4-5% 2% 65% 10-15% 6% 8/3/8? Summary of Fiber Used by The Flinthote Company (1361-1971 inclusive)* Producers Canadian Johns-Manville Asbestos Corporation Ltd. National Asbestos Mines Ltd. Carey Canadian Mine Asbestos Corporation Limited National Asbestos Mines Ltd. Asbestos Corporation Limited Asbestos Corporation Limited Canadian Johns-Manville Carey Canadian National Asbestos Suberoid Co. Asbestos Corporation Limited Canadian Johns-Manville >:aticnel Carey "uboroid Asbestos Corporation Limited Canadian Johns-Manville Carey Canadian Mines National Asbestos Asbestos Corporation Limited Canadian Johns-Manville Carey Canadian Mines Asbestos Corporation Limited Canadian Johns-Manville Carey Canadian Mines National ` Bell Asbestos' * ' Asbestos Corporation Limited Canadian Johns-Manville Carey National Sali Asbestos .Sacs of 100t 4,400 10,061 15,200 , 4,600 4,000 3,000 7,140 11.600 3,316 3,000 - 2,000 1,000 75,640 9,504 31,060 1,000 105,250 91,455 94,260 4,600 57,300 109,006 116,320 78,260 113,060 107,030 8,000 2,400 128,590 109,332 131,880 5,360 34,800 are r.r records from 1964. FMKZSIT S ir * " " I nocR. [I A-l m em m aim m m m um Yoa 1970 1 971 Producer* Asbestos Corporation Limited Canadian Johns-Manville Carey National Bell Asbestos Acbeates Corporation Limited Canadian Johns-l'.anv: Ile Carey Bell Asbestos ? Baas of 100t 68,925 142,506 113,400 15,600 84,000 77,980 203 ,750 117,720 76,800 18,960 m ! C O N T A IN S I A S 3E S TO S DUST <n_AINfTIfTr'S i EXHIBIT If | H O O t ^ 2! -12.-*. iilAM'MjIlMMIfiM-BNf-lN*IM*._...i , n jr L CONTAINS ASBESTOS FIBERS AVOID CREATING DUST BREATHING AS3ESTOS DUST MAY CAUSE SERIOUS BODILY HARM When dry sanding this product wear eye protection and a respirator which is U.S. Bureau of Wines approved for toxic, nui- A n n A ^ A A A l A* A A J U i IWW W W A A A A* IA* A A W W W W U lW dusts. Wet sanding or sponging is recom mended where practical. * 1 I>J 'Wl i.*w4*4* I*Wwi Use only with r.rerniste vr.nti1stJon. er.j epproved respirecory protective devices. A 4 I- G 3 H_AiNnrF*s ! EXH IBIT. G J tfOo&EK I I 4 -I 7 j pi_AINT1FF'S < ex h ib it ^ 17 j yoOKS#- 1 4 *12-" & :< S 7M\ i ',-x ,;i. * 'Wh'-'M r - .. ASBESTOS FIBERS PRESENT CANCER HAZARD EXISTS DO NOT RELEASE CONTENTS OF THIS BAG ^v ^ ^ y Mj i .''' 'm V KM 1 m m % l^annll With regard to "Asphalt Rood Coating", yon ahoulildaleta the reference to "Asphalt" in the stateneat fdenti fyjag Hagerdotis substances in the contants. .' In addition, you hculd*uhetitsrtai the phrase."Petroleum Distillates" in place of "Petrolana Mineral Spirita?. i- 4. - * . i * . *4 --4- n-te ^ ttuttatu V ?` JTPiaa hcc* Mr. C. C. Carry ~ V, - ; T-.y - . r * STER-OFrlCE CC 'AESPO SD zH CE TO Kr. Z . A. Opila (UBVCCT, Asbestos Fibre roui a . R. Hoolter, Jr DATS: April 21, 1972 I refer to your lettor of April 17th. concerning shipments from Carey as well < markings on boos of asbestos and the related problems of complying with CS!IA regulations. By copy of this correspondence, I ask that onr Thetford Mines office discuss in improved method of loading .r.d bracing, railroad cars shipped by Carey, v.'e should be sure that tne most durable package offered by Carey is being used (see my letter of March 27, 1972. You have asked, "Kill asbestos suppliers car): container with cross hones indicating hazard item for CSEA? Ed, I am enclosing e copy of a proposed labeling requirement under OSUA regulations. This applies to asbestos products manufactured in the United States. It is possible that Canada will alto promulgate the same or similar government standards. It '..'ill depend upon what actually happens in the U.S.A. Most Quebec asbestos producers ere putting a label on all bags that reads substantially as follows: c a u t i c :; This bag contains chrysotile asbestos fibre. Persons exposed to this material should use adequate protective devices os inhalation of this material over long periods r.av be harmful.___________________ The above lAbel is actually used by Flintkote. It is possible for any Flintkote plant to specify special markings. I would suggest that we limit any labeling of this type to what is actuillv required by CSKA or other Government authorities. AFJi :jo :srs. J. E.irnos, >i. C. Carpenter, L. Johnson, w. Knorr, J D. Poirier, R. . iuirk.nan, J, Szal D. Moran, *!*?11--ft I-I4-I3 New Development! . inches). A dditional m edical req u ire ment components include a history lo describe smWntf habits ami de tails `*n **.J - >. in and o ther du*ts and |o d r tn m in e presence nr absence oi pulmonary, cardiovascular. and gastrointestinal symptoms, anti a physical exam ina tion. with special attention to pul m onary rates, clubbing or fingers, and other signs related to cardiopuimon- ary systems. CtJ * / ASBESTOS J Chv*t roentgenogram s and pulmon'a ry function tests will be perform ed at the em ployer's expense, at jra tt rvrry 2 . y 'nr`r>on al* em ployees exposed to aslcsw5. T h ese te sts will he m ade annually to individuals, ( l) who have a* histo ry ot 10 nr m ore years of employnViit mvulviiip exposure to asbestos, or (2) who shmv^rncnfgcnngmphic .finding* (such as small opacities, pleural piaipjcs. pleural tide '.cuing, pleural edeineation) widen suggest or indicate pneum oconiosis o r oi er re actions to asbestos, or (3) who have changes in pulm onary function wideii indicate restrictive * or'"obstructive lung disease. Preplarcmcnt medical examinations and medical exam inations on the ter mination of employment or asbestosexposed workers are also required. Section 3-- Lnbeliyt} (a) A w arning label for asbestos as show n in Figure 1 shall be usco. (b ) Numerical designations iu d io te the following: (i) 4Health H azard (color code, blue). Inhalation may cause asbestosis, pleural or peritoneal mesotheli oma. or lung cancer. fil) 0 * F ir c K axard (coior coilc. red). A sbestos is non-flammable and has negligible vapor pressure, volatili ty, /lash j>oint, and explosive lim its. (c) T h f details of the numerical hazard rating system arc found in ApP'" '.x II [not reprodueed). rviitcrprocroum **illntUrrruvireelor on**y aw nrfo<ional u*ivierm expesuret U txnu too mvironmciuai bntearu. H A R M F U L : May Cause Delayed Lung Injury (AabestOftis, L ung C ancer). DO NOT BR D A Tirn DUST Use oniy with adequate ventilation and approved respiratory protective devices. Section 4---Personal Protective Equip* tnent and Clothimj Tills section shall apply whenever a variance from the sta n d ard set m .Sec tion 1 is granted under provision? of the Occupational Safety and Health Act.* Use of respiratois can he de cided on the Lasis of luiw-wciqiiicd average or penJe concentration. W hen the lim its of exposure to asbestos dust prescribed in paragraph (a) of Sec tion 1 cannot *>e m et by lim iting the concentration of asbestos dust in the work environment, an employer m ust utilize as provided in sub*cc*.<on$ (a) and (b) of this Section a p n gram of respiratory protection and furnishing of protective elothing to if e c t the required protection ot every worker exposed. (a) Respiratory Protection (i) F or the purpose of determ ining the class of respirato r to bemused, the em ployer shall measure the atm os pheric concentration of airimmc as bestos in the workplace when the i(r. th* ff mr**ntnr fmttpmrnt u liwiw o tr d in ini* Sem <41 will ue r-quiree uaacr oeMiUOM is ( i r u i t u * uaaam . Em ploym ent Safety ana Health Guide S 8304 INTER-OFFICE CORRESPONDENCE TOi Kr. D. Poirier U JECTi Asbestos Warning Label FftOMi A. R. Hooker, Jr. BATEl November 6, 1969 It is desired that a "warning label" be printed on bags of chrysotile asbestos fibre shipped by this Company to Canadian and continental U.S.A. destinations. Effective immediately, please instruct your supplier of bags ordered for Canada and U.S.A. to print the following label on each bag; CAUTION This bag contains chrysotile asbestos fibre. Persons exposed to this material should use adequate protective devices as inhalation of this material over long periods may be harmful. There will be no announcement of this action. ARH;jo cc: Messrs. J. D. Moran M. C. Carpenter G. G. Curry J. A. Main R. E. Beard H. P. Heubner W. N. Xnorr ^ P L A IN T IF F 'S Si teXXHllBITj^ f HOCX^S. L 4-IL-& j. Graham Shannon ' M. Curtis g. Parke, Jr. T. George Waddell u Macleod V. Pane Hadigian 0 E"". Beard L. Tomaselli . Weiss D. Shipley K. Jordan RUTHERFORD . Murphy L. Hauser f . T. Davidoff t . L. Murray C. Harkness T. Upshaw i. H. Hortor.son f. Carl _j f. E. Ruskin Veronsky ?. S. Tanner CHICAGO HEIGHTS MCKINLEY Fi. Galassini r>. F. Inversetti E. A. Opila R. E. LeVault CHICAGO HEIGHTS WENTWORTH h. J. Butera (14) H. Loekle Pace 1 or 2 CAMDEN F. T. Gillan A. May NEW ORLEANS R. Bond A. R. Anticich L. J. Sands A. Clavin (8) SAVANNAH G. E. Byrd J. W. Fidler FREMONT R. J. Donovan M. L. Haley E. Gordon R. Leftridge KOSMOSDALE J. C. Powell J. L. Chilcote H. Schauberger, Jr LOUISVILLE H. J. Wurth R. T. capp R. W. Lishman GLENS FALLS T. W. Myers E. A. Galery L. G. Swanson FRONTIER STONE C. J. Loiacano D. Mahar R. Pass E. F. Wright FAIRFIELD F. Gumbs HUNT VALLEY N. T. Crolius LOS ANGELES - PIONEER J . O' Neill R. C. Berns A. C. Costa E. J. Fletcher W. Harvey J. Holt R. G. Huntington J. F. Kent R. C. Mansfield J . F . Pung C. R. Rainey J. A. Sweeney J. Weisheit D. Wisdom, RN 1650 ALAMEDA STREET K. J. Fleischhauer j. C. MacDonald W. W. McCandlish FREDERICK S. L. Russell JERSEY CITY D. Billingsley M. D. Maurin HOWE'S CAVE D. Ordon MODESTO J. Jefferies W. H. Keller J. P. Kenealy REDDING R. J. Abraham T. Clemens  INSTRUCTION SHEET ASBESTOS HANDLING RE-INSTRUCTION SHEET FOR RECEIVING PERSONNEL 1 . It has been determined that breathing asbestos dust may be hazardous to your health. 2. For your own safety core must be taken not to release asbestos into the environment (air & water). 3 . When opening an asbestos boxcar respirators must be worn. A. Before unloading a boxcar all visible asbestos spills must fee vacuumed or wetted first and then picked up. 5. Before unloading a boxcar all visible broken bags must be taped shut. 6 . Only after 3, 4 and 5 above have been completed can the boxcar be unloaded without wearing a respirator. 7. If bags are broken during unloading they must be immedi ately taped shut and any asbestos spills cleaned. - 8 . Care must be used not to tear or drop asbestos bags. 9. Asbestos spills in aisles must be immediately cleaned with the propane vacuum or wetted first and then picked up. 10. All asbestos containing wastes (spills, empty asbestos bags) must be sealed in plastic bags, affixed with a warning label, and placed directly into the gondola. 11. Care must be used not to tear the asbestos waste con taining bags when dumped into the gondola. 12. Asbestos contaminated clothing must be turned in to be laundered by the company. 13. Clothing with visible amounts of asbestos containing material on them cannot be removed from the plant. 14. All dust collecting equipment has been installed for your protection. Any malfunctions should be reported to your supervisor. 15. T he above rules are required in order to protect the health of all employees. State and Federal Law requires that they be followed and enforced. EMPLOYEES WHO VIOLATE THE ABOVE RULES CAN BE SUBJECT TO SEVERE DISCIPLINARY ACTION.______ S Pl_AlNmFP'S I EXHIBIT \/3 i AOC< \ -(2 -^ z - m 'U JZ L E Z w:io viliVf "ll" A b o v e r u l e s cN s e SUBJECT TO SEVERE DISCIPLINARY ACTION._______ _ X have been instructed on the above and understand t h e poten ti h a 7;.?rd$ of asbpRrns fibers onH also th* imnfirt.ince of following the instructions on the handling of asbestos. Dote: Signed: Signed: _____ ;(nployee) (Supervisor) ASBESTOS HAZARD INSTRUCTION SHEET FOR EMPLOYEES V \ \ During and in Che course of your employment you m a y o c c a sionally be exposed to asbestos containing material.. .T h e above rule states that all employees who may be exposed to asbestos or asbestos containing material must be i n formed of its potential health hazards. They must also be informed of the precautions necessary to prevent a s b e s tos fibers from being dispersed into the environment. 1 . It has been determined that breathing asbestos dust may be hazardous to your health. 2. For your own safety care must be taken not to release asbestos .into the environment. 3. Asbestos containing wastes must be immediately v a c uumed. Where this is impossible, wastes must be wetted first and then picked up. k . All asbestos containing wastes must be. sealed in p l a s tic bags, and affixed with a warning label. 5. Clothing with visible amounts of asbestos contain ing material on them cannot bo removed from the plant. Vacuum cleaners have been provided and must be used to remove any such material. 6 . The above rules are required in order to protect the health of all employees. State and Federal Law re quires that they be followed. If you have questions concerning the above ask your supervisor. J\ iw a lK U lT lU K SHEET ASBESTOS HANDLING RE-INSTRUCTION SHEET FOR DRY-MIX ROOM <L# It has been determined that breathing asbestos (hast may be hazardous to your health. 2 . Sweeping asbestos is not permitted. 3 . After cleaning the Banburys, the rest of the vorkr day should be used to clean the dry-mix room. 4 . All spills under the dry-mixer platform, conveyors, and in the aisles must be Immediately vacuumed clean. 5. Spills which cannot be vacuumed must be wetted first and then . picked up by shovel. 6 . The dust collecting barrel on the roof must be cha n g e d as often as required. All collected dust must be sealed i n plastic bags and labeled. 7. The electric vacuum filter bags must be turned inside out and cleaned when suction begins to stop. 8. Eating is not permitted in the dry-mix room. 9. Asbestos contaminated clothing must be turned in C o be laundered by the company. 10. Clothing with visible amounts of asbestos containing material on them cannot be removed from the plant. 11. The above rules are required in order to protect t5ae health o f all employees. State and Federal Law requires than they be followed and enforced. EMPLOYEES WHO VIOLATE THE ABOVE RULES CAN B S Su b j e c t t o s e v e r e d i s c i p l i n a r y a c t i o n . have been instructed on the above and understand the poete n t i a l hazards asbestos fibers and also the importance of following Che instructions the handling of asbestos. Signed Signed: (Ermployee) (Superrvisor) I o \ AMER K" N :\ "I UAL LIABILITY INSURANCE COMPANY i p w w " i- n- REPORT OF INVESTIGATION , THE FLINTKOTE COIIPANY - TILETEX -PLAKT McKinley Avenue Chicago Heights, Illinois ; 7 f l )' V By Leon D. Horowitz Chief, Industrial Hygiene Section ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT WAKEFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS g P U -A tN T IF F 'S EXHIBIT^ Ko HOO<^ S 4-!2--L AOTIONLEDGEKENT The author of this report wishes to acknowledge the courtesy extended to him of Mr. E.A. Opila, Plant Manager, and Mr. Fred Swanson, Assistant Plant Manager, during his visit to this plant on March 10, He also acknowledges the help given to him, during this study, of Mr. J. T. Grisra of the Chicago Office of American Mutual Liability Insurance Company. PURPOSE To evaluate the control of the potentially hazardous dusts, asbestos, talc, and limestone at the floor tile manufacturing operations. Neither the visit of our representative under the terms of our policy nor the making of this report constitutes an undertaking to determine or warrant .that your premises or operations are safe. CONCLUSIONS Airborne dust concentrations were excessive in the Scrap Grinding Area and at the No. 7 Dry Mix Feed. ' ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL DUST Air samples for dust count were obtained in the Scrap Grinding Area and the Dry Mix Feed hoppers of No. 1, 6, and 7 lines. The results of these dust counts are shown on the attached Air Analysis Table. The Threshold Limit Value (T.L.V.) of 14.0 million particles per cubic foot (mppcf) is based on the formulation of toxic mineral dusts going into feed mixtures. Although approximately 3 to 5 bags of pure asbestod are added to each batch at the feed stations, it is of short duration and the batch loadings are intermittently spaced rather than continuous. Some investigators might apply the more stringent T.L.V. of 5.0 mppcf (or the newly proposed 2.0 mppef). However, it is our opinion that the exposure observed does not warrant such strict interpretation. Note that the three air samples which did not exceed the T.L.V. of 14.0 tnppcf were also close to or below the T.L.V. of 5.0 mppcf used for asbestos alone. DESCRIPTION OF PROCESS AND DUST EXPO URE Drv Mix Feed to Tile Machines Number 6 and Number 7 Dry Feed Mixers are loaded from raw material paper bags through hinged doors at the top of the mixers. Two-inch slotted hoods at each end of each pair of doors provide 350 feet per minute slot velocity. Thus, the air movement at the front of the feed opening is less than 100 feet per minute and is, therefore, inadequate to provide the required control of dust during dumping. .. ...... .mm 2 These slots have been damaged by heavy bags, etc., and are, therefore, restricted at several points. The Dry Mix Feed for the Chip Manufacturing Line (Specialty Line) is controlled by a large enclosing hood with duct take off at one end with very low air move ment into the duct (200 feet per minute air velocity), therefore, providing practically no air movement for dust control at the feed opening when bags are dumped into the mixer. Scrap Grinding Area All reject and waste tile are brought to this area in steel drums for grinding and eventual use in the tile manufacture. The drums are dumped, by mechanical means, into a hopper and belt-conveyed to a grinder after which it is belt-con veyed to bins at one end of the room. Although some dust collection is provided, it is very inadequate. The drum dumping created a great deal of dust as does the grinder, belt? conveyors, belt transfer points, and belt dumping into the bins. Employees do not wear dust respirators during any of these operations. RECOMMENDATIONS 1. The exhaust slots at No. 6 & 7 Dry Teed Mixers should be repaired and the exhaust volume provided by the dust collecting system should be increased. One method to provide adequate air velocity control of the dust created at this location is to provide slots at both sides of each feed opening instead of across two feed openings. This method is used at the Tile-Tex plant in New Orleans where air velocities provided at a similar slot-type exhaust hood was much greater than at this location. The door hinged at the rear between the two slots on both sides effectively helps provide an air velocity away from the operator and dumping operation. Another effective method of providing adequate air velocity for controlling dust at this dump operation is to exhaust air directly from the mixer whenever the doors are opened. This would provide an inward movement of air which could effectively prevent the dust from rising up to the operator's breathing zone. 2. Although dust counts were not excessive at the Dry Mix Feed dumping operation for the Chip Manufacturing Line, exhaust ventilation at both dv-p hoods should be improved. This would require an evaluation of the dust col'acting system which is not providing adequate air movement and a better hood enclosure. The hood opening should be made smaller so that the inward air movement provided by an improved dust collecting system vouId be most effective at the source'of dust contamination, namely at the feed opening of the mixer. 3. It appears that a new dust collecting system must be provided at the Scrap Grinding Operation. The drum dump hopper muse be completely enclosed end ventilated to prevent dust from escaping to the room air. All belts must be enclosed and provided with exhaust ventilation to prevent dust escape to room air. All belt^ transfer points must be redesigned to prevent spillage - 3- and exhaust hood enclosures must be used at these points to prevent escape of dust to the room atmosphere. The grinder must be enclosed or provided with exhaust ventilation to prevent atmospheric contamination. The bins must also be vented to the dust collecting system. This dust collecting system should include a cloth bag-type dust collector with automatic shaking device and provisions to return collected dust to the manu facturing process if so desired. Exhaust air must be discharged to the outside.. 4. All operators exposed to dust concentrations which exceed the established T.L.V. must wear only respirators approved by U.S. Bureau of Mines for pneumoconiosis dusts. A respirator program, to maintain and keep individual respirators clean., oust be instituted. 5. Annual (as well as preemployment) chest X-rays (14" x 17") must be made on all employees working in toxic dusty areas. 6. Housekeeping must be maintained in the Mixer Feed -areas as well as the Scrap Grinder Area. DATI'. 3- 10-09 plant S*rr.pl No- e N-13 r i n t k o u - T i l e t c x TI a n i ____________ LOCATION . . Mc Ki nl e y Ave ., chicane H e i g h t s . I Time Min. AIR ANALYSIS TAL1LC Location and Evcnti 10 Breathing Zone Scr-np Grinding Area Asbestos, Talc, Lir.estc Mixture Concentration iq 26.7 * I bi:-i5 1 BN-14 10 General Air Scrap Crindiug Area 1 % 10 Dry Mix Teed - No. 6 27.0 * 5.3 * BN-25 1 BK-16 10 Dry Mix Feed No. 7 Manual Shoveling in Calendar 10 No, 1 Line Calendar Roll 19.3 * 2.0 BN-26 10 No. 1 Line Drv Mixer (Room} 4.0 i - TVireihold limit Volue 14,0 trppcf . A-- Milligram per Cubic Meter \ B-- Parti per Million * - Exceeds T.L.V. C-- Million Particle per Cubic Poet _____ ______________________________ __I _______1.180_ ^ c * . -- __j>kpbgy^ys_k?_ -ngi e s ^ c b y e . _ ' _ x c \ l & a __ __?oc /.?iBjcjy - J y _ fy~,_9^rsz, ! i 1i M I: I P U A IN T IF F 'S EXHIBIT^ t /7 1 I Hoo^ee l 4-/2- Asbestos from broken "bags, must be cleaned up, immediately. We r e c e n t l y received a OSHA V i o l a t i o n for t h i s and a repeat c i t a t i o n would constitute a heavy c i v i l penalty. As bes to s brought from the warehouse should be taken d ir e c t ly to the storage area. It should not remain In work areas fo r any extended p e r io d s Moreover, the persons i nvo lve d in moving a s b e s t o s must begin wearing r e s p i r a t o r s . This p r a c tic e Should be implemented isr>edtatelY. Pest procedur in Plant Safety Rules.* * (8) C o n s i d e i j \ i o n s hould be g i v e n t o areas where a s bes tos is dumped. I s o l a t i o n o f these areas w i l l have to be d i s c u s s e d . (9) Board used as a ramp i s l o o s e erd needs a d d i tio n a l support to a l l e v i a t e the p o s s i b i l i t y of falls. 1 10) L i f t t ruck must have l i f t c a p a c i t y p o st e d . Imm ediate attention is necessary for a ll depart mental l i f t trucks.1 11) Cauti on s i g n i s hung In th e a i r by w i r e . The s i g n could f a l l on someone. A b r acket f o r the s i g n would s u f f i c e . (12) Windows and wai l hol es s h o u l d be r e p a i r e d e s p e c i a l l y in r e s t r i c t e d ar eas where a s b e s t o s is being used. 1 Added recommendations : The P e d e s t r i a n c r o s s i n g o u t s i d e entrance to Emulsion f a c i l i t y s h o u ld be r e p a i n t e d . A a d d i t i o n a l " S t o p " s i g n should be added f o r b e tt e r v i s i a b i l i t y . A t the p r es e n t ti me, I n d u s t r i a l v e h ic le s are Ignori ng t h i s stop s i g n . Su perv isors are swoed to is s u e s afe ty v i o l a t i o n s for continued p ract ic e of not making complete s t e p s in t h i s design atcc area. Any problems e n f o r c i n g t h i s r u l e should be brought t o the a t t e n t i o n o f th e Safety Dept, ,, u; ir^ ny t o ur , I no ti ced that the p r a c t i c e o f good housekeeping I s w e l l follcx.'ed. There were some areas, but the m a j o r i t y o f the p l a n t appears e x tr e me ly c* c an. P l e a s e congradulate a ll persons involved. AP/rh Alfred Perez i Asbestos Xstmslos *s a generai Irwmdn'cntvno * of Mwous wiot^s mlwch A*usert *>KminaM(actrre of some 1.000 l>tir*ierri proirls I n*>eAsfostos n o * and sells chrysoMa ini miro hlof 0 itvtjni typo (tal rro in li k* 9(1%O*0 tnlicslos uso* Mmyni Hmne ssnnbalnsliesioapiorkcls ;cb as Uni lixnyv gasfcnts mUcnnlxigx fove no fcnuwn Machcal sfoslrkites Astmstos prnrkcts protecl and save vtis evey day vkchhAs topownltnn afoni 0mha/ards of astmsfos Mmhi n l(m Wlial fcAwvs tj a bar* rtsciissmn of liosa v io iif pini orns fV nse fcnep o intnil ihal /h i fmf*>yei may hnve Kmprxnary rpsimnstbrlty lo piotaci ns wortmtv yiMNcrM^wiaiKinis esser itial Xxtmrne aslmsios Mms aro piesent in n0 asbesto* viwkicl ftvwMti.irtritxtQ nimialmns nwms and mila, and soma undici nindcatim pioresses Howovor. fry profierly dosi cn o ro n l/alm n i a n d mrnrxiQ povonim anl giiaiom. Kmha/ani lo worfcets rs mmuni/ed A sb e sto s in the W orkplace T h a t sie two maim a n a s where the worker contacts asbestos Tim k$l Is in the primary mar*itacbang process where the bags ere o p e e d end ttm asbestos is mired and processed The second involves the apptcakon and use of these asbestos products More twin 90% of Kmasbestos ptodiicts made h the United States wil not produce hazardous dust levels because the Miers are `locked* In by cement, plastics or other binder However, certain operations such as diAng. sawing and gratrftng, demokuon and removal of old astmstos insdakon and tnstaflng brnfce tnmg can release Itmi into the air Proper work practices, protective erytifpmenf and engineer mg controls can he used to prevent worker exposiae to asboma asbestos dust concenkalons above altowable government tmils Health Hazards Exposure to asbestos dust in tm workplace over a period ot years can increase the risk at developing cenam diseases. Ttm peris ere not sfl In agreement on the level below wfcfi there Is no risk Available metical evidence indicates trial your cfumces of conk acting asbestos related disease ere nvwnl/ed as asbestos concentrations In (he workplace ere reduced to approved levels Severn! stu d es accept and raconvnend 5 fibers per cubic centimeter whSe others prefer mH. M * - ? fclws pet cc m it itHlr.iinn 00 5 Mwi hm been proposed Sm oking Cutteril ( )SI IAregulations me 2 Me* per cc U Hitiara you cun grmy induce your chancel ot fn outer to provate you with notice anrtw*nng ci .isimsto* hazards. I ehe Asbesto* place* a tabol on devotopmg Uno esnetr It has boon n ta b ls h e d that cigarette smoMng OOEATLYIncreases the nsk ol davelnping I e.Mh bag of asbestos fchet whch if sois The tatvHremis es Wiows mg canea* In asbestos or** Fuitier. Iha tung canea DANGER-Contalns Asbestos Fibers* usti to tie asbestos viortei In a am coniiottod w worvnenl atm has nevw smoked appears tn be no groetot than the Avoid Creating Dust Asbestosls, Lung Cnnoer H>me me kxt dsoase* associated with astxrsto* (Arsi el>siv6 rttisastnslo$t* wtch iL v rw je s tlw lunQS v u l m ay perm anently raver lroall**r| In ce lam severe rase s. *i m ay lie t.itnl Tins r ts o a s o ajperns m tfm se *Ao uve Imhwi e|msrd lo cessive concentrators ol asbestos tust over aimModnlyems aryand pas rotuleslutai cararei fstomach. coton and toc Hm) uve Imestrown tn Ite associated with marry years ol euposuie 0 e a c e s s ronrenltalm rrs ni ast resto* riusi araic a n tre lata) trmevOi S tintes earner! rati on w nthers w the astw slo s Histry hi f upland and Canada trave strown tha as total postire in auhonre astretto* lit was reduced, tfwve was 1 cor resi m o rtiv i red u c tio n m tl e *C6SS m ortality o b s e rv e d and Other Fatal Diseases May Be Caused By Inhalation of Asbestos* Smoking Greatly Increases Lung Cancer Risk aveings p n m n dm dnna not snntia It Is assimilili lhal asbestos o l i a i to smotta. ditng o h b a a s si oBiei met. lahe immersale action to SlOP SMOKWQ Asbestos vmkera t o do noi smetta should noi start. Also. Nyou a y a (am#y has a tin lory ol trig problems, you may be anscnphble to astiestos baallb har arris. As a tosili. Sia reqilar mg examinations piovidod by your company aia especially fmpwlanl Ba sure to (afte advantage d as service Protecting Your Health: Your Em ployer's Role There ere many Ifsngs fhal you and y a employer must db lo protect your health as e r i as lo assure compliance the tomtit rfcsease is nrcsoilmhoma. a rare and mmantile im n ot c .hh er ol lire Smog ol lire chest or atxlominaf vnlh government reflations Vbuwil And yoia employer more fhdn wUbng lo db Ns pari, rxAxAng the toAowmg .avtiy It m ay occur from I'tevated concentrations ol astreslos mmI Iras t>eer ntrserved m indiwduat* eposed lo low and to o known cone eniralmn of asbestos Mter 1 Inlnrm workers nl (he potnnlM hazards lo Ihnir health from estxrstos exposure by conducting health education and tnwrvng programs nsura dirsi conconlratont by m eans d portatole tni>iOfs worn by fiio workers ofrn worfcnrs ni lite arimns to taken io reduce thelr Itosoifl. rf n* expnsixe *d y tw than *>e einnwml sai standard veni aslrostos Mwrs knmesc.Tpwig anf pinmfcng by nvxhng i*v:hanCAl venUaim n. solai* g dusty otwrations. slaihng dirsi conto* syslom s. ad filling tools with fi.MiSi venUakon. fi loasfifie SBtsios DUSI A/ARD /mmp . #**! 5. P o si c animo sqns in wort* areas itera AHlmtnn fusi concentrations exceed ffie standard 6 Provide approved mepkalors lor usa beo exposures to asbesto* exceed the standard. 7. Piosrtdo nnnml metical examinations (or workers exposed toastrestos dull. These records must be kepi lor 20 years Al a worker's request. Ns own medical records must be made available to his tamfty physician. 0 Provide doubl lockers, and provide change rooms tor use at tocatons where dust concentrations exceed the slandard 9 Provide coveralls end other protective equipment. otecting Your Health: int You Must Do me many Mnni lhat ynutraist do totaf'p b 9 y workplace 1twigs Biel you sen trafviduel to h>protect yra own health and the health of employees elude l e n e r a l P r c u ( lo n i. Know end follow the owing lorommendod work reaclnes kwhanding ilwHosMmi In e* sieges of handing. packafpnQ. mspoihng irhM tng. skviig. andln phnlmovvq, .tcslos Mint hags d n f i l lie liandtodcmefeifty end such a manner asloiM ow nldam agstobags mI Ite g n n e a io n n lrle l .image) hngt s)vnA1 Iw miNHlalek repaired. a .Ah) m | miI kilo closed ier.npiar.lns Any (Rage of Im.sIq$ l l m siimAt Im dnanetltip NnrnrKlalety-- tlMr Iyvio*nct|inncnlor. oiler tiorouglfy sw w png - and slviuid bn deposited In MaiAncb sed receptacles Consist and observe OSMA tegiAttiona governing asbestos In the workplace. ERArules on discharge to tie ambient air, and otter local codes, rules or regiiaitona conlroMng f i t hancffng and use of ihotlos Ibor. 2 . U n lo a d in g . IWSiad loads statJd ba HiedIntacl to and horn holds of ships, and off and on fand transport hy lorkltt Kicks or other modes ol transportation Hooks or other sharp lnslnm*tts star Ad not be used Loose tiher accimAated <&***) transit sh n At tie picked up by vacman cleaner bobra untoadkig 3 * S to r a g e . For storage, tbm bags siyjutd be sleeked and moved with care to avoid breakage, protected from puncture by moving vehlctes; and. it post**. should be isolated kom traffic In the warehouse md covered lo prevent dust generation Jo prevent deterOration of stored bags, tic prkttipla of fcrst-in. fast out should he toWowed H a n d lin g . Fi#y eflective dust control systems $htn4d be operated af a t stages of inptant handing whore dust is created, such as in bag opening, fiber dtimpmg and bag dtfjosaf operations Loose fiber should be cleaned from work areas by vacuum cleaner.  -'i- ;Tr i>r~~'`*^**s^-*' V***r*. -~T*5c=Vf. '3; '?:7^KH~~~J.'''..*,- v.X:>.^` ' I I & rt# S S \ 11 * I V * - f # 1^ V- 'r--: X'1 ':*tiJ'i..''-v;V'r'i;.V`'.'':*) ' ' WAP-NISC IA5S1S OK PSSS'JCTS KAN w?AC7ir.II Cn SC1C BY FICNTXCTI The labels for asbestos-containing products sanufactured by flintkets do wet contain warning which l i a s u ubiitsi. la tht past, fcr short periods of tins, warning labels hsvs appeared on two riintkete products: (1) Skvkcte Tros 1977-August, 1979 a warning appeared on the Skykote labs! which stated as fellows: Warning, safety precau tions contain asbestos fibers. CSKA has stated that repeated inhalation cf asbestos fiber is a health hazard. Hamful if swallowed, keep out of reach of children.* This warning appeared on the upper part of the label. (2) C 13 C< frost July 29, 1975 to early 1977, the following warning appeared on the C 13 C4 label: warning, this product ay net be sprayed in California.* This warning appeared on the upper part of the label. EXHIBIT C Sr. addition, Elintkot* sold ready-nix joint treatment compound containing u i t s t n aanudactured by independent companies iron 1964 to 1977. It vat acid in can* ranging ircn cn* ts dive fallen*. The Elintkete Company dsas set maintain a ilia ci the packages and/or laid* ci product* bought ires independent manufacturers. It is baliavad that tha following warning labal was plscad on tha packages and/or labels ires 1972 to 1977: c a m on CONTAINS ASBESTOS ITBERS AVOID CRCATINC DUST BREATHINC ASBESTOS DUST KAY CAUSE S E R IO U S B S C I1Y HAS.". Whan dry sanding this product #*r ayt protaction and a respirator which is C.S. Buraau ci Minas approved ier toxic, nuisanea and psfcurecenis'ireducing dusts. Wat sanding or sponging is recommended whara practical. Package labels generally contained us* in structions cn then. Instruction booklets ware distributed to buyers. Nona ef these instructions pertain to any asbestos-associated danger. 'i MttfMMiMiMiaMMMMiMtfriMiiNttMMatoaiuMy'i Now you can install a beautiful new floor In no time at all with FUNTKOTE'p e S h S t i C K ' reinforced vinyl floor tile. ##1 M' .!. >. J*k T.l# *4 to# 4kt<* ** *k 4#4.j to# ##*<*.* ### to# * I to# .! '. | * * ? # # # . * #< *% . i# # # i # **** # # .** * # 4 # b i t * * * " ' 1 * .. U* *' tMitMt. 4. !*( * fi## .1 to#* #<* to#; IMRORTANT INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS to#* 4 # 'f * t # 4 4 *> < 4 .t o to# ( . # / # .# # 4 t o # f #4i4# ! >* #<re'#. i<t><i*4 # to*# 4#<f #'# to# #< # .% *< T* **- # # ' * * v * # #<**#4 > 4#tfc # f il* II a # . * # > >< * T * *#44 4 l#*4 IN* # > # * *>( ##**"<") 4* 4* *#> A * # * ! LtoA***#4 l##k i W<> * II *#* At # . 4 It*# to # * a #11 *#*<#Hf #<* # *#.y*. t ' - ** * ' 4><#* '! N*ll *** #*#* #f>#'y. (#*i"y M i l t r " >"* H C ##>#** ''! to# in. CAUTION A O t t ' O M USING T U t i . TC '.EASE * * ! " *S * . 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Il I# ' * (ti | ' n il # # to * iif -- -a # * r Nto* #**** #1 to# #t# D* to #***I # ##< ## M##*<*#. WARNING Ow N C ^ A N C C X J S T 1 N 0 M S l L ' f N T A C O O A 'N i | A C * ' N 0 c * Wi h .h C M . * T>tSl O O U C T S M A* C O N T a i n A S i C S 'C S < ! S t m a t a { s C ' t* C lO tN T iA iA t L f IN AU A TlO N O A A j e rr C S O u S T M A C A w S t * S B tT C S ^ O * CT-t# SCN IO US tO C N i* N AAM '*0*t*tOo#LOfTf t .t A j Z O - #* 4# #?. *Rto#*. 4f#to* # *- A t' - S 5 -1 4 0 -0 2 . F U N T K 01X f l o o r in g lROOUCTS. EAST R L T xeR rO R C N J 70T 3 zxnzsir d p^^AiNTl^F'S KXHimrr i J UATNnF'r'S f tXHlBrTp^ I 2.1 f <i3. - H 480 Central Avenue S. Rutherford, New Jersey 07073 May 2. 1968 Hr. Albert H. fay Vice President Marketing national Gypeua Company Buffalo, New York 14202 Bavioranental Health .Sacards pear Ali This is with reference to our telephone conversation the other day, end in acknowledgement of your draft letter to Chief Sxecutive Officers of all Asbestos Cement producers, dated April 25, 1968. The Q.A.X.A. has dene a considerable amount of work and has spent a grest deal of money os the subject of asbestos fiber and health. The first Industrial Health Clinic was established in Asbestos, Quebec by Or. Lanza in the late twenties and operated continu ously since that time, keeping and following up health records for all the families in the area. The interest was chiefly la . the pulsonnry field and the industry kept abrest of the work being doom at the tine at hospitals in the Laurentiane, at the Saranac Laboratory and Trudeau founda tion in the Ad irondacka. In the late 1940's, a similar Industrial Clinic was established for the six nines located at Thetford Mines, Quebec. The industry through these clinics has been in close touch with all the authori ties working in the fisld of respiratory physiology, not only in this continent but throughout the world. As a result of this work, protsetive and preventative engineering has taken place in the a in? a and mills, end the importance of keeping the wording atmosphere free of asbestos dust has been stressed. Dust'count* are conducted periodIgally *t all mines and mills by the Q.A.M~A. As you nay be vara, as recently aa 1955 Dr. Daniel Braun, formerly of the Industrial Hygiene foundation (Mellon Institute) Pittsburgh con ducted and published an epidemiological survey in the Tbetfcrd Hines area on the incidence of cancer with the Quebec aahestoe workers. This survey conclude a that the cancer incidence is not any higher with such workers thsn with other population groups of .the area where no asbestos industry is present. I aa citing this PL HT . Albert H . T a y 2 - K a y 2. 1 9 6 8 ooe isolated study, not to indicat that the industry he a no problems because I think it has, but rather to indicate the danger of drafting conclu aions on any one particular study. I would say the same holds true of Or. Irving J. Sellkoff's study, published govsasber 1964 at the Hew York Academy of Medicine, meeting in Se York. Khile Or. Braun's study covered workers in a controlled enviomaent aware of a health problem. Dr. Selikoff's study covered insulation workers, working for the most part under uncontrolled conditions with little protective engineering of the enviorxusental working conditions. The Q.A.XJL. is so much aware of the problem of health in the use of ashestoe, that it has sponsored the Institute of Occupational and Environmental Health with offices in Montreal. To date, this body receives its financial suppor t from the Q.A.M.A., and as you may knew, -the budget this year is around $300,000. The Institute consists of an Executive Cocxa.itt.ea and a Scientific Committee of doctors. The first meeting of the Scientific Cocssittee was held in July of 1966. The Scientific Cocssittee is composed of Or. George Wright. Director of the Contittee and Head of Research at St. Luke's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio; Or. ?aul Kotin. Director of U.S. Center of Environmental Sciences and of Center of Etiology of Cancer; Dr. Marvin Caahner, Professor of New York University and Bellevue Hospital; Or. Pernand Grgoire, Physiologist and Head of Lavoisier Clinic, Montreal; Dr. John Beattie, Professor at Queen's College, Cambridge, England; Or. Daniel Braun, former Director of the Industrial Hygiene Foundation and. Dr. P. Pelnar, Secretary of the Committee and formerly engaged in medical research at St. Luke's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio. The Institute of Occupational and Environmental Health has attended conferences on the subject in the U.S.S.R., in Copenhagen, Tokyo and Dresden. It has sent its representatives throughout the world to interview doctors conducting research in the field. It has assembled all available literature on the subject for evaluation and study. It has conducted two conferences in Antigua; the first in 1965 and ths second in 1967, with seme 40 scientists and research experts assembled from all over the world. The second Anti ua conference covered the following agenda: 1} Inter--action between asbestos and biological systems. 2) Characteristics and control of enviornmental exposure. K* . Albert H. Fay -3 - May 2 . 1963 2 ) Diseases related to asbestos in man, epidemiological studies. yhe institute is also sponsoring the following projects at the Present time: X) Epidemiological study of asbestos workers in Canada. 2 ) Dr. Vigliani's study of mill and insulation workers in Italy. a 3 ) Dr. Peinar*s study on the biological aspects of asbestos. 4 ) Drs. McDonald and Gibbs, chemical and mineralgica1 studies of Chrysotilc fiber. 5) Dr. J. C. McDonald's study of biological effects of asbestos. 6) Studies of Dr. Hero and Dr. Dumont. As a result of research work which has been done, as well as work that is now being carried on in Canada, in the U. S. and through out the world, we are beginning to believe: 1) That there is a definite linkage between asbestos and lung health, which becomes manifest after long exposure (20 years). 2) That with insulation workers the effect of asbestos dust on diseases of the lungs is worse when the worker is a smoker. 3) That the effect is more severe in some industries than in others, particularly insulation workers and textile workers. 4) That the effect is greater with some types of asbestos fiber than with others, e.g., Crocidolite and Aaphibols appear to be worse than Chrysotile. 5) That workers can be protected against exposure with beneficial results. What we do not k n w is: 1) How effective protection is and where and when it is needed. 2) What is the allowable maximum consentration that can be tolerated. tir . Albert 2. Fay 4 May 2, 1568 3 ) What is there about asbestos that injures the cells and how are they injured. 4) Sc to bast engineer to prevent injury. 5) Sow to evaluate and Measure cause and effect. We, in the Q.A.X.A., feel that we Bhculd continue car work with ,11 diligence to learn sore about the prcble, to find the answers to questions which are unknown to us at the presenu tine, t o do this effectively will require extensive studies at considerable cost. TO spread this cost over the largest possible base, we would like to see the efforts of the asbestos producers supplemented by help frea the asbestos users and governmental agencies, if possible. for an agenda for your proposed meeting of asbestos eesaemt producers to be sponsored by the Mineral Tiber Products Bureau, I would suggest s simple agenda with an introduction by you as President of the Bureau, to be foliated by a statement of the problem, including past history, present voxX, what has been dona by others in this country and in Canada, and throughout the world in studying the problem, what is being done by the Q.A.M.A. and other agencies and what should be dene in the future. Z would suggest two speakers* 1) Karl tindall. Chairman of the Executive 'Casaittaee of the Institute of Occupational & Environmental Eeelth and Chairman of the Board of Canadian John - K m villa. 2) Dr. George Wright, Director of the Scientific Committee of the Institute of Occupational Enviorisaental Sualth and Bead of Rasaarch at St. Lube's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio. These men should divide the subjects between them., and prepare the detailed agenda. If you have time to go further Into steps being taken to control the haxsard in asbestos cement plants, it might be desirable to expand the agenda and include sce ec ne familiar with the pipe plant and asbestos cement plant at Btanville, 2J. J. Since your see ting is being held in the Johns-Maaville offices, and since they are doing more and spending sore than anyone else in the industry on the problem, Mr. Burnett may have some helpful suggestions u to u> agenda and as to clearing his mem to cover specific subjects. tiX. Albert H. Pay - 5 May 2 , 1968 j will be out o the country from May 15 to June 15. Please let e know if I can be of any 'further help to you before I go, or after 1 return. Sincerely. 4 ` -i JAM: hi FLIHTKOTE MXNES LIMITED J - A-. Main cci Mr. M. C. Carpenter - Rutherford Mr. J D Moran - Hew York m Target Health Hazards ASBESTOS: AIRBORNE DANGER REPRINTED FROM SAFETY STANDARDS MAY-JUNE 1972 Target Health Hazards i bj }ft*er i - F t U t n T w o thousand years ago when the first use of pushed for stricter standards governing its usage, asbestos was recorded, it was a sacred object, a and the Occupational Safety and Health Adminis curiosity of kings and nobles, a magic mineral. The tration has listed itas one of five target health haz Greeks, who used asbestos for the wicks of their ards in a new program aimed to crack down on temple lamps, were enthralled when flames did not health hazards in the workplace. consume it, but burned unceasingly. Amazed, they Recent studies, such as those conducted by the called itaih&sta, which meant the "unquenchable," Mount Sinai School of Medicine and the National the "inextinguishable." Research Council, have produced some disturbing N ow that asbestos has been integrated into our statistics on the mortality rates of workers using industrial world-- from fireproof drapery and asbestos. Dr. Irving J. Selikoff of the Mount Sinai floor tiles to the corrugated steel used in heavy con- School of Medicine discussed the implications of struct:on-- the term used by the Greeks has been these studies:"At present, one in every five deaths found to apply to another attribute of this min among insulation workers is due to lung cancer, eral. No cure now exists for the diseases caused one in ten to cancer of the pleura or peritoneum, by inhaling asbestos fibers: once established, one in ten to scarred lungs of asbestosis." Since these disorders, too, haTe so far proved to be insulation workers receive relatively light expo 5 inextinguishable. sures to asbestos compared to some other occupa In the last few years, asbestos has been recog tional groups, these results are even more sombre. nized as one of the most hazardous of air con "What disturbs researchers about diseases linked taminants in the workplace. Employees exposed toasbestos isthat many cases they are presently en to asbestos include an estimated 100,000 insulation countering result from exposures dating back to workers, 50.000 workers in manufacturing prod the 1930?s, when asbestos was not used as exten ucts, 60,000 using end products, and uncounted sively as it is today. Thirty years ago world pro thousands in construction. Labor unions have duction was approximately 50.000 tons annually; today it has skyrocketed to 3 million tons. The U i t t .V i U n It tXe a j t u i a n t t i U o r / Sjlittt STAKDilfi. effects of exposures occuring in the 1970s probably 2 will not be known until the end of the century; but thehigh mortality rates of today suggest what may be expected in the future. If working conditions are not significantly altered, asbestos exposure can lead to 17,OCX) deaths from lung cancer, 10,000 deaths from cancer of the pleura and peritoneum, and 10,000 deaths from asbestosis, according to projections by Dr. E. Cuvier H a m m o n d of the American Cancer Society. The first case of asbestosis did not come under medical attention until 1000, 22 years after asbes tos was mined on a large-scale basis. The victim, a British textile worker, had inhaled the asbestos dust stirred up by the carding machine he had operated for 14 years. Ten other men had been his co-workers in the carding room. All died before their thirtieth birthdays. Since the recognition of asbestosis 72 rears ngo, the disease has been widely studied the world over, from the mines of South Africa to the mills of Quebec. Today experts believe that asbestosis is one of the most debilitating of the pneumoconio ses-- lung diseases caused by dust inhalation. Erupting 20 to 30 years after the exposure period, the disease exhibits no warring symptoms to mark itsearly stages. Many studies have uncovered cases of the disease in which the exposure was relatively light and did not continue over an extended period of time. Although four varieties of asbestos are used commercially, chrysotile asbestos, mined primarily in Quebec, accounts for 95 percent of world pro duction. Under high magnification, chrysotile fibers resemble fine polished wire or strands of silk. Strong, soft and flexible, they can be woven into '.brie. Chrysotile, however, is dangerous medically. W h e n inhaled, the needle-like fibers become trapped in the lower bronchioles of the lungs. Nor mally, protective cells called phagocytes destroy The u ih ctl'it teo rier m ixin g cem ent it partially protected by a retpirntor. T h e c t bet to t fib ert in the air. lo ite re r, e n d o rse r h it fe U o tc e m p io y c e t, ju t! a t k it ilu tt-la d e u clnthet are a m enace to k it fa m ily . Xeic O SBJi ita n d a rd re q u ire * th a t n a b etto * m a te r ia l! be m ix e d in elated c o n ta i n rr*_ 3 "The effects of exposures occurring in the 1970's probably trill not be known until the end of the century; but the high mortality rates of today suggest what m ay be expected in the fu tu re such irritants. But asbestos fibers are indestructi ble in lung tissue. The phagocytes form a heavy coating around the fibers. In time, a dumb-bell shajxrd structure biown as a ferruginous body begins to form. Asbcstosis develops when the scar tissue that forms around asbestos fibers slowly spreads throughout the lung and pulls itout of shape. The working space for air exchange is reduced, and blood flowing through the lungs is not replenished with a sufficient amount of oxygen. Breathlessness becomes pronounced, and in advanced stages can be disabling. Other symptoms are loss of weight, coughing, weakness, and pain in the chest or be tween the shoulders. The strain on the heart caused by the lack of oxygon may cause heart failure. Becent studies indicate that asbestos also may bo a potent carcinogenic, or cancer-producing agent. A major stumbling block to researchers in establishing the connection between asbestos and cancer has been the length of time between ex posure to the substance and the appearance of cancer symptoms. But in the last few years, studies have shown that workers exposed to asbestos die of lung cancer at more than five times the expected rate. Although most cancers linked to asbestos de velop in the lower portions of the lungs, where the concentration of fibers is heaviest, cancer 'may also develop in the gastrointestinal tract. The peril of lung cancer from asbestos exposure is increased by smoking. Tests conducted by Selikoff and H a m m o n d have shown that asbestos in sulation workers w ho smoke have 90 .times the incidence of lung cancer compared to smokers with no asbestos exposure. Mesothelioma, formerly a rare cancer afflicting only one out of 10,000 people, is now appearing at an unprecedented rate. Researchers are linking it to asbestos exposure, however slight. This fatal cancer attacks the picura (the membrane lining the lung and chest cavity) or the peritoneum (the lining of the abdominal cavity).In his study, Selikoff noted that 10 out of 124 deaths of insulation workers were caused by mesothelioma. Workers in many occupations encounter serious asbestos exposures. A m o n g the establishments most likely to have asbestos risks are those manufactur ing asbestos textiles, value packings, asbestos Wrong: Spropm p atbettot mixturel on tie d pirdert relearn oatt amount of atbettot dutt into the afm ot Xtbettot inrvlctort who note hove 90 timet more tune coneor than tm okert with no atbettot exfoture. 4 c " Since the recognition o j asbestosis 72 years ago, the disease has been m id d y studied the world over, from the mines of South Africa to the mills of Quebec. Today experts bdieve that asbestosis is one of the most debilitating of the pneumoconioses--lung diseases caused b y dust inhalation." i sheets, brake linings, boiler blankets, building to be set free during demolition of the buildings materials and appliance cords. and ships treated in this manner. / Plasterers who spray an asbestos mi? on the steel Asbestos spraying has been banned in some cities, r foundations of buildings hare heavy exposures to but continues unabated in others. The use of alter asbestos. A thermal insulation and fireproofing nate methods of application-- trowelling a wet .1 agent, the asbestos mix prevents the steel from mixture of asbestos on the foundation or wrapping 3 buckling in case of fire. Plasterers can apply it insulation around the steel in the form of blan without interrupting construction activities, and kets-- isbeing encouraged to reduce the hazard. the asbestos mixture hardens in eight hours with Brake mechanics must also cope with significant out cracking or shrinking. Not only steel buildings, levels of airborne asbestos. Valuable because of its but ships and boats are treated in this manner. resistanceto heat and itsability to withstand abra N o w that asbestoshas been recognized as a major sive force, chrysotile asbestos makes up 50 per health hazard, the alarming facts about this prac tice are being reviewed. Three million pounds of the fireproofing mixture, 30 percent of which is chrysotile asbestos, was sprayed in 1970. Twentyfive percent of the material sprayed does not adhere to the steel, but goes directly into the atmosphere. The plasterers manning the spray guns, as well as the construction workers toiling near-by, inhale excessive amounts of asbestos dur ing this operation-- up to 50 million fibers in an eight hour day. But the hazard does not end with contruction. A large amount of asbestos isexpected cent of brake lining materiel. However, the fric tion breaks asbestos fibers away from the fabric, llany mechanics remove the asbestos fibers that have accumulated around the brake drums and as semblies with a compressed air hose. This produces a cloud of asbestos dust around the mechanic and anyone in his working area. Alternate cleaning methods are needed; for example, a vacuum clean ing device reduced the hazard in recent tests in England. Insulation workers are the largest single occu pational group to handle asbestos on the job. Their R ight: Trmceling a tcet a tb eitet m is On pipe* to r in su la tio n pvrposet effectively reduces the hacardt. 5 W rong: S a v in g a tb eito i m aterial! create! d u tt in the tcork environm ent. The reipiretor afford! tfi* em ployee tom e protection, but the accum ulation o f d u tt rem ain! a th rea t to o ther! on the v o r k n te . R i g h t : A. t a v v i t h a lo c a l v e n t i l a t i o n r g t t e m t u c k ! u p a tb eito i d u tt into container. T h e O S S A e ta n ia rd ipecifiei that hand o r p o ver-o p era ted tool! that produce a tb e ito i d u tt m u tt he equipped v it h local e th a u tt v e n tila tio n and d u s t co lle cto r . exposures, however, are relatively light. In most types of insulation, asbestos is used primarily as a binding agent and makes up only 15 percent of the material Then, too, insulators working with asbestos on a daily basis are encouraged to take precautions: good housekeeping measures, tools equipped with local ventilation systems, and res pirators for dusty work are safety precautions stressed by their union. W h e n insulation workers install materials con taining a high percentage of asbestos, they often use a water spray on the cloth while unrolling it or uncovering it. Some insulation workers even cut asbestos on disposable tarpaulins in order to allow the excess material to be discarded without stirring up dust. This eliminates the need to sweep up insulation debris after a job. Usually a dusty process, sweeping is discouraged because it holds a risk for the workers sril on the construction site. Bricklayers, carpenters, sheet metal workers and boiler makers also install insulation at various times, but often they fail to take the precautions used by workers who handle asbestos on , luOy basis. The licensing of workers who install. sta tion, much like the licensing of plumbers and elec tricians, has been suggested as a safeguard to in sure t.hni asbestos handlers are both informed and equipped to work safely. 6 Asbestos contamination holds an increasing threat to the general public. Both the dusty man u facturing processes and the spraying of structural steel emit vast amounts of asbestos fibers into the atmosphere, threatening those living near asbestos factories. Unsuspecting passers-by in the vicinity of construction saxes or families of workers who return home with cnsty clothing are among those exposed to this hxnsrd. The emergency O S H A standard for asbestos, issued on December 7, 1971, lowers the permis sible concentratice of asbestos fibers in the work atmosphere from 12 fibers to five fibers greater than five microns an length per milliliter. This is based on the average exposure during the eighthour work day. Concentrations of asbestos that range from five fibers per milliliter to 10 are permissible for 15 minutes every hour, but the sum total of such exposure must not exceed five hours in an eight-hour wuirk day. The standard sUso lists engineering controls-- enclosures, vacuum sweeping and local exhaustventilation. W h e n these measures are not feasible or do not reduce the asbestos concentration to per missible levels, the standard requires that workers be provided with personal protective devices. Pro tective respiratory devices must be worn by workers exposed to the spraying of asbestos, or to the demolition of pipes, structures or equipment previously sprayed with asbestos. The emergency standard requires that the em ployer check the respiratory devices for proper fit and train employees in their correct use. Peri odic inspections, proper cleaning, repairing and storing of the respiratory devices are responsibili ties of the employer. The standard also specifies that hand or poweroperated tools that produce asbestos dust--saws, scorers, abrasive wheels, and drills--must be equipped with local exhaust ventilation and dust collectors. When asbestos is mixed with other products--such os cement, mortar, grout or plastic--the mixing must be done in closed con tainers. Cleaning up the debris by dry sweeping or blowing it away is prohibited. Any accumula tion of asbestos dust must be removed rapidly by vacuum cleaners. Asbestos waste must be disposed of in sealed containers. The OSHA Standards Auvisory Committee for Asbestos has recommended an exposure limit of two fibers greater than 5 microns in length per cubic centimeter. Tliis proposal, based on a NT05H criteria document, would not be effective for two years, in order to allow the installation of the necessary engineering controls. The committee, representing government, labor and industry, also suggested that the future standard include a pro gram of comprehensive medical surveillance re quiring pre-employment medical examinations of applicants, periodic medical evaluations of work ers, and medical records to be kept by employers for the use of OSHA and NIOSH. The research and mortality studies of today have tarnished the reputation of tliis magic mineral, once the object o f fabulous tales. One legend re volves around the tablecloth of Charlemagne, the eighth-century ruler of the Holy Roman Empire. When the cloth woven from asbestos fibers was thrown into the flames, it was withdrawn not only intact, but whiter and cleaner than before. Charle magne used this piece of "witchcraft" to mystify his guests as well as to intimidate his enemies in order to win psychological battles. The jump from ancient legend to contemporary knowledge about asbestos is a tremendous ad vance--except in one area. Our ability to combat the disasterous effects of asbestos on the human system is still negligible. The mystery surround ing asbestos continues today, but the price is not in lost battles but in lost working lives. W ro n g : A sbestos d u tt colled* tfiih o ther debri* on a con*trud>on tile. T he cleaning and rtceeping procet* ra ite t cloud* o f a tb e ito i d u tt, endangering th e em ployeei end the com m unity. R ig h t: T he fieie O S S S et an d a rd require* th a t a ib etio * d e b r it be r e m o v e d i n c lo t e d c o n ta in e r * o r p U u tie b a g L 7 mW' A cloud of airborne asbestos descends on construction workers, unwary passers-by and persons living or working near the construction of this multi-story building. Asbestos has recently been recognized as a major health threat both In the workplace and in the community. The practice of spraying asbestos Insulation on steel girders has been halted in some cities. 's dr ASBESTO S AND HEALTH Information File Enclosed is a General Information File on the subject of asbestos and health. You may find Ibis File useful for b ackground Information concerning the nature of asbestos OSHA regulations, occupational disease, worker safety and health and the nature of asbestos. The file contains five general fact sheets, in addition to m edical papers and supplemental data on the subject of asbestos and health. You may wish to file other asbestos reference materials in the folder. Additional material will be available from time to time from AIA/NA. Please let us know II you wish to be continued on our m ailing fist and if we can be of further assistance to you. Part I Part II Part III Part IV Part V Part VI A sb esto s and Health W hat A sb e sto s Is Protecting the A sbestos Worker A sbestos and the General Public Profile of the AIA/NA M edical Papers and Other Material A sb e sto s Inform ation Assoclation/N orth 1GG0 L Street. N.W. Washington, D C. 20036 Roborl 11 Mercncss Execulive Director Am erica 202/223-4005 ^ , iNTKOTE C ^ M R A ^ y -^ W / ' f T ^ gf ?-- ce Correspondence ^^UTHERFORtXK^l^^-i V -- -- ' d *t* November 15# 195e H. P. Heubner, ,, i f * * M . L. Johnson/ s u b j e c t :- safety Precautions- Jr/. York 'U* 1300 Rutherford -- Use of. Asbestos Fiber: OFFICE Of Jn E S o ,u :.-.:> ' VJ s . jfU Tor some time now articles have been appearing in the New York Times, Wall Street Journal and other local publications, concerning the hazards of inhal ing air entrained asbestos fibers. This subject was also a major subject of discussion at a meeting I attended this Sp.ring at JohnsManville's mine in Asbestos, Quebec. I do not feel it is necessary for me to go into detail as I d iscussed the subject with Mr. Knorr and his department is .evidently well-informed in this matter. In anticipation of more stringent regulations in the use of asbestos, we have allocated monies in our 1969 Capital Expenditure Plan to improve the dust control systems in our tile plants. The subject has been gone over thoroughly with the Tile Plant Managers and Engineering Staffs. It had been my hope that significant improvements could be made in 1969 before attention was drawn to this subject. Mr. Main has now informed us that Johns-Manville propose to use a caution label on all bags of asbestos fiber. These labels will create a considerable amount of discussion among our employees who are exposed to asbestos and feel that their individual exposure may be harmful. In all probability this will work its way back to the unions and eventually back to us in future negotiations. Inasmuch as the asbestos problem involves the health and welfare of our employees,*it will also involve our insurance company.. As far as I can determine, whkt constitutes a hazard is a rather subjective matter at this time and no specific perimeters have been defined by the U.S. Government or local agencies which would give us objective goals to achieve in cust control. We therefore feel that direction and advice in this matter should come from your department. Would you please make a study of our plants and provide us with objective goals to guide us in the engineering and installation of dust control equipment. We will continue with our engineering of improved dust control in our plants, but will not spend any money unti-l we receive tb*se goals from your department and a means of evaluating c tnformance. MLj/sm cc Messrs. M. C. Carpenter, J. L. Tomaselli, J.A. Main, W, N. Knorr,-. R.J. Carlson. G.G. Currv. J. D. Moran, E. J. Weber, Jr.