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634
CHAPTER 3S
1948 Guide
Typical Specifications for Synchronous Motor Control
Synchronous Motor Qontrol for_______________________ (Application)
-Motors Shall' Provide for
rAutotransformers
Starting Shall Be Obtained By Means of Resistors
And Shall Limit
Reactors
The KVA Inrush to a Maximum of____ per cent of Full Load KVA.) The Control
Panel Shall Be For g^SbosHl)
^ Sha11 Be of {fiSS^cSbide"1}
Construction. It Shall Provide Overload, Under Voltage Protection And After Pulling
Out of Step Will ^Automatically
The Motor.
Typical Specifications for Single Phase Motor Control
Control For Single Phase
(Fan, Pump, etc.)
..Motors Shall Consist of a
/\MMaangunaeltic} "^ype {ARc^ruoscseTdh*VeoLhiangee1} Starter Providing Overload Protection (And Low
Voltage); And A Separate Safety Disconnecting Switch.
In larger ratings a Iinestarter is usually provided with either an addi tional safety switch or circuit breaker for disconnecting and short circuit protection. Reduced voltage starting may be either of manual or push button controlled magnetic type. In specifying this type of starter con sideration should be given , to-the. fact that , starting torque of squirrelcage motors varies as the square of the applied voltage. For example, a motor developing 100 lb-ft starting torque on full voltage would produce only 25 lb-ft torque on starting on half rated voltage. Fig. 11 illustrates recommended control practice for squirrel-cage motors. Typical speci fications for squirrel-cage motor controls are shown on page 632.
Wound Rotor motors require control of both primary and secondary circuits. The primary* control- may be the same as for squirrel-cage motors, manual or magnetic, at full voltage. Secondary* control pro vides means of varying secondary resistance for starting and speed control. The secondary controller should be specified for starting duty only or for speed regulating duty. Fig. 12 illustrates recommended . control practice for wound . rotor . motors. Typical specifications for wound rotor motor control are shown on page 632.
Refer to Glossary, at end of chapter.
Motors and Motor Controls
635
Synchronous motor starters should provide pull-out protection, auto matic synchronization or automatic stopping of the motor after pull-out, ` and insurance of complete starting sequence, as well as overload and low voltage protection. The control may be either magnetic or semi-magnetic at full or reduced voltage. Semi-magnetic starters provide automatic field control but require hand operation for closing the line contactors to
start and transfer to full voltage.
In applying reduced voltage starters to synchronous motors it should be remembered that, since these motors are started on damper windings and during the acceleration period function similarly to squirrel-cage motors, the starting torque varies as the square of the applied voltage.
LINE
MANUAL STARTER
ACROSS THE LINE STARTING
LINE
ICOMBINATION
LINESTARTER WITH SAFETY SWITCH
2
LINE
MOTOR
MOTOR
REDUCED VOLTAGE STARTING
LINE
LINE
SAFETY SWITCH
MAGNETIC REDUCED VOLTAGE STARTER
MOTOR Arrangements 2, 3,4 and 5 provide automatic push-button starting.
Consideration should be given to insure development of sufficient motor torque to accelerate the load. Typical specifications for synchronous
motor control are shown on page 634.
Multi-Speed control may be either manual or magnetic, and at full or reduced voltage. When using automatic magnetic control with two-, three-, and four-speed separate winding or consequent pole motors, control may be obtained from a remote point by means of a push button master switch. The various speeds of the motor are obtained from the master switch by simply depressing the correct push button. This is known as selective speed control. It is commonly used in the smaller theater installations where the fan and motor are located backstage and
the speed control is located in the lobby.
Multi-speed motor controllers may be provided with compelling relays which make it necessary for the operator to press the first speed button before regulating the motor to the desired speed. This insures that the motor is always started at low speed before adjusting to a higher speed.