Document xd6YJgvzQab0DqgL5DK815nE1

*5 u . ii. fl_ ., o . . .... G. Ler.MM f 21 Miron 1922 Medical Department - Plant >22 Insulation Block Dust Survey Construction Insulation Slop Plant >11 ' Inclosed is a report by Mr. Peele on an Industrial Hygiene Department survey ,';C an ..ation dust problem vr.ich existed in the Construction Insulation Slop in the .attraction area of Plant 5-2. In this report, Mr. Peele points out that `'Taornobestcs dust presents a very definite hazard to health and I vould like to emphasise that the ultimate outcome, althougu it might take many years of exposure, would b.. silicasi,, u the employees .thus exposed. Free crystalline silica particles from three nio...-. so one micron in size, or smaller, are capable of causing silicosis in uninforme- ...a .^protected workers. 11. should be pointed out .oat as soon as Peele made his calculations and discovered. ...= potential hazardous nos s of "Thermobestos" dust, he notified inmet. itsly the Construction Department supervision of his findings, so that they could disc . ..time at once any further use of "fhernooestos" blocks. Mr. Henry has advised me that "Thermobestos5! will no longer 10 processed, thus complying with Mr. Peele1s The ?la: >12 Medical Department has been informed that ten Construction ins ers and one s&...ried supervisor liave had exposure to t!,2hei*mobestos" dust. Up- date chest X-ray films will be ordered immediately on the-:-: men and the progress of .he exposed men will be followed periodic......Iy Very truly yours, ul-tJ _v_!- B./J. Sexton, v.D. Plant Medical Director A0407 UCC 008819 :DUSTHn ' IIYGITiffE SURVEY ......tCH INSULATION STrX' - BUILDING ?li-20l8 SSPORT 62-IH -G-I " a:.l-F:T,v,r Th; : hygiene x tty, oval', ruing tha `loot problem in existence at too Construction Insulation ..nop (liuilding 511-2010) during the time of arccesxlng both "TnerrosootG... ' minx `ftaylo" rr.s';... . von mocks, nas been completed. The results of .......; investigation reveal the following CG.'.C J_ tiil JL - -Y n. v_Cti bo ,, VI ' Limit vxiur) for this material is A : V Ur. particles per cubic 0000) of air, .......cm. of "Thermobostosinsulation blocks with o or sees a definite atmospheric fn.oarc. to health. a-.-.,uio:i of "Kaylo" insulation blocks witn s._ni save const route u nazarc. 00 noalth. 19V: 3, H. Uilson, Construction Safety Engineer at y---; approuerec. to nmartment with a problem; shut hud bean brought to hie utterr: ion by vmy .mroloyee complaints. oh stated ohut tha .. .- G VK; f L. 07GG J.GC . in the Insulation. Shop (BuiId in 0 511 -2016) . e. .. .carienerng some . ",__ : uncow.: . . working conditions as they performed their normal rc .. no of ,"o oi:y ,5lead Segments11 from et \ . ,od l5!r 30" h" insulation blocks. ...is concern was apparently initiated by virtue of the fact that two insulation materials, reputed to be identical in make-up although produced by different manufacturers, did not react ir. similar manners to the identical sawing techniques being utilized by the shop. According to statements obtained from the operators, heavy quantities of dust of such large concentrations' as to seriously interfere with their normal breathing process, were irnrr.edic.tely produced if and when "Thermobesuo blocks (a Johns Manville product) were supplied for sawing. Some dust also resulted whenever i;Kaylo" blocks (an Gwens Corning product) were handled in a similar manner; rowovar, the quantity of particulate matter being produced from this latter material was 'hardly noticeable and never cmyactionable. Tin...... oerosting intreduction to the problem st emulated a desire to visit ... 1.: ..... .-1 in question and, while there, to obtain, as many .answers as po.o.ff. V00 oho numerous unanswero-.-. questions v... ,, 0 cams to mind upon the completion of lor. Wilson's description. A visit :.s , nrranged and the foV .... 1 ;.,,s were noted: (l) o: of she luxeics. on equipment sees connected to u well-known and apt..rently adequate dust collector by moans of veil constructed duct work. (l; This exhaust system had obviously boon designed, to cope with the normal dust problems encountered in most band saw operations. However, the band saw operations in evidence on this date vere not what might be sensed normal, as a result of the specific sun of the insulation material suing fabricated and the particular re." . r in which each block was being cut. These conditions ruled out the. pc ...bility of the exhaust system operating in accordance with its p. ,;-designed efficient manner. Figure 2 on page 1? has b .n included in an attempt to demonstrate the manner of processing these blocxs and the position of the exhaust hoods in relation to the blocks during fabrication. , * i UCC 008820 A 0 A- 0 8 0 (3) The ' ; ........ ;s Insulation Shop was completely open throughout and was vent i lav-..above by means of six small roof fans. (4) Atmospheric dust sc... _. to bo taker, in various areas of the shed before any evaluation could be made and these would, of necessity, have to De taken when, boat "Tiiarmobestos" and "Kaylo" insulation materials were being pros Cs 0 ad : s c;:rat a ly t ;bl, the initial air. samples were taxe art of a two-phase program of dust first phase was responsible for f, of dust (in millions of particles- p siouc non were being subjected as they - .. U-.\ j. i .a. . _ a i.. - - bS.Jo . :onto;;71 dost exposures were taken on ;t _ s .-spies of :,Kaylo" dust . ........ ivoember 1^51, since these two as. - lotorunont .1. .. . os' t.:u_ .... ._ spies wes- ..awn witn n f_b-ies s'- .o-r of ::uner.scbe:seoo;i exposures ' i.i the lattes' six being representation of !:Kaylo;: exposures. Earns .:. . .:. ,;u. S. were evaluated through the use of light field os serose cpi e counting techniques, referred no on page >. , with the result disclosure that some of the locations were quite heavily contaminated vi excessive concentrefcions of dust. This dl; closure rendered it imperauiv that more descriptive information would have to be obtained before an accurate evaluation of the conditions could be formulated, and so tne second phase of the program was initiated. This second phase had tins unsigned purpose of supplying two types of pup; s eal data relative 0 . 'these exposures: (l) the percentage cf crystalline free silica present in each material, and (2) the particle s di..tribution of the air borne portion of oacn material. This informatio . ccroc G3ccm-ic. an a result 01 the 10--coring w1 j_ -known .m .... relative to human dust exposures. It in an uncontested fact that prolonged exposures to excessive concen trations of certain types of atmospheric dust will result in tne product of either one of two, or possibly even a combination of both, types of the following lung diseases; i.c., silicosis or asbestosis. It is also known that there are five specific factors that directly infTuera a the production of these diseases. They are: (l) the composition of -.e dust __ ns to strike or dash agar .... 1, as (in this -.application) the striki. r or mg of atmospheric dust particles against the bottom of a small inspire-or 1: containing a specific volume of dust free water as a collecting medium. UCC 008821 A0403 1 i.e., percentage crystalline free silica or percentage asbestos, (2; tae number of particles of inhaled dust, (e) the sisa of the particles of ire dust, (4) the length of time during which o .icier are inha and, (?) the individual susceptibility of cool. am. nr. a a 3ic.ce the determinations revealed that acme of the vorhers '-'are oeirg .... jo. i to dust concentreiicnr of such mignituaes as to exceed even an-., most lenient of all dare stnndam,, i.e., a T.L.V, (Threshold. Limit Tm. of 50 up; f of air (see table beam - entry -if; ana since it has tear revealed (per a .Johns ijaavillc representative on 21 if.-, 19ah; mat this material contained 12,0 - 15.CS. asbestos wish the remaining no.0 -- 09.00 00 nag entra.a. calcin*. snaw.rce, 'tones at maae --ay ,n...: ... that conclusive information se obtained which would ::; enact pays: values for an. . a-. - -. specific fames _1s- s. above: i.e., the percentage <; h '. ..... free silica, '-ess-.as. in this material laeo-m as cej-cra. - .a .- a..-a '.a . .aria ease cintrabuxacn or me respire, or110a . ... . atari ... ana ..ah_.ua.lag cr iter1:1 mo usee, in t.m va--aa v.... . _ v. ..-i aa a... :ia- to to are-. 0 itnuteos al-h. Pc. it* J,X1 ft C-O O ra:.t D.'-J m - ; crystalline free silica or percent .... . ........ i s . a - m:__ c no a.._ namtion n .. a.e.a in the establishment in quectio... . this selection is coivorh . .. e-stv/s : -I ') ; yT Sub m mce Silica m. inarm S'lie... .. . euarta 50* Silica as quartz > ' . Silicate as asba * Silica .a. as .mb bl 1 lCct"C0 ilS (IS DC - ah.. i.I.H. Threshold Limits Val -1 Warren A. Cool, Personal correo ! Limiting Conditions ?r _ f 1 High percentage crystalline free? silica, i.e., above fCp i tedium percentage crystalline \ free silica, i.e., 5 to 5G(& I < _ow percentage crystalline free \ silica, i.e., below 5$ * high percentage asbestos, .: i.e,, above 5C$ i.e:, 5'to lei below pi ..._ / A 04 082 Second: u.. n:r. ..ion of nhaled dust which is retai .id in the respiratory .ystai and are sensitive!".' related to _ rticls size. Thus, the is a primary cue in determining the magnitude of ham UCC 008822 .-.ho inhalation, of particulate matter,:il This relationship .jon particle size, its area of deposi and the resultant 13 revealed in the following table Above 5-0 micron i.u - p.:uicroi ,, \j i.'ii c it*on . C.fp - 1.0 vi . 01 OiPOlIT rOH-'-iOD PO'iaa.TiAL j basal -.01'.0 a."'c:-i o j. 0s. or ory \.j 1 i i 0 -Jat L> L O Ca d>r*nr.'itt ^ A1001/ O tv 311 : alveoli nnren.. a a lev. .1 pie.. Oi" i _ \-i.y men us ca . .. . C - b0corif ei.iii . \ and : methods, i.e,, technique, bo of "Tlicrctobesv. percentage ci 'in a manner led .reiele ; jz ...... ...'.cues, : . .d :o or. named 1 is ermine the n..rtiele 'size di.vtribution cf this direct sum plo of tie ac iual material was v . J i .3 .:.yi :3i or crys'i'ij_i3CiC i ijee sii.ica cy no ...y diffraction and tie latest wet chemical .i ted cn page > Cn 4 January 19o2, two samples dust were also obtained and evaluated for bosh .1 s/.e free Ills arid particle size distribution cal with that v sod on the ,!Kaylo:i material. PROCEDuRll: Icth. sampling and analytical methods are as follows: Sampling: (l) All surplus used in dszcrrvininq; the actual concentrations .33. air were collected ` rite a mil .... sr apparatus which is a .... 3rd-cranked, four cylinder suction pump drawing 0.1 cubic feet of air per minute through ispAnper flasks cc . si.^ .'3 . Ip :.vi Hi liters of i ... ..istilled dust free water- (c) All sampler used in obtaining particle sice di ........ were collected on Mullipore kilters connected mo a small operated pump. These Cell .lose Ester filters are recognized a most efficient and adaptable filter material available on the 3 lay being capable of remaining particl.es down to and below 0 in else. - dlytical: (l) The actual counting technique, used in this ... Ip. si. ana 3 oferred mo as the light field Microscopic Counting Technique, is ...separately described or. pages 152-152 of Ir-mr.: erial Dusx by Drinker and fa brown, a . . i. Cook, F. G. Key, and Theodore hatch. Ainerican jourra! cf abide health. Vol. 40, Kg. *." 3. fa .i. 3, a9lC j a UCC 008823 4 0408/! (2; The sizing techniques wore arrived 'roe: two separate sources. First, the sample was prepared for sizin in accordance with permanent mounting method referred to on page h'5ce>9 ou re reproroer, j.9 issue of the A.I.It.A. Quarterly. Second, the ictu.nl airing wan accomplished in accordance with thy rocovicnondec technique deccriocd on pages 166-179 of Industrial Duct by Drinker a Hatch vin.ee depicts tr.e use of a Filar : re v. . .-.g and a standard eiie-eo.ee- ' ; . .eg noun the 4yX (high uua dry) and d'.'X (oil immersion; r : . . . (3) level; silica dotorainntvon3 -./ere prowr. ro' nee .r e of "both of the two following toctni.cror. Faroe, e . ac proemm entitled, ''Det-.-rmination of Quart: ... .1 Fres rve ; of . - t- Phos;ohor ic Acid by A. h. `Axlvitie. Division of F via A: ,F-m u. s Vblic lie.a 1th Service, tiro. -;U*0 i v)XLO > X.(.: .w. :C- .. . . A cliii':ract ion reel rale. unu_Ui industrial ;'. t.: I LsiC >.i. if -I. Umi i. ... hr a oacyel oped in cl ' .. . ' , pp. v 9, and us pm: brura by As. . F 0. i:\C5J (j:arch and Dr/elc; V;. . jn Lf JJ .: 0hi r0XC11 , inotrarcnAl Aethers Groins, a r rs Carbide Chemicals Company. due physical dac;c listed in the appendix were evvdrer.;i and ereealac- 'dr Following facts; /V ~-A^ The composition of the duuc yes.-da yp, pug^ ~r us (a) For "T . oAmros ": (0) For ,!Kaylo,:: As.hestcs 12,0 to 13 ,C'; C..ystaiiirse Free Silica - 2.yl 1 to }\s oes COS -- 12 . o CO aj . rt Crystalline Free Silica = p * G _ J_ Okj Vp (2) The number of particle 3 of atmospheric dust (Table #1, page 8 reveal:.:, to be: Is (a; In greatest concentration in and aroma the 1 and cA oa;r. saws. (b) la greatest concentration when "Thermobestos'! is oeing fa or leaned (3) The particle size of the atmospheric dusts in question (Graphs 1 and 3, pages 13 and at) is demonstrated to be: Predominantly 1.0 micron in size for both 'Frermcbestcs'' and `'Kayla", . .... slightly ..era 11w an .; for ,:;Ayio" than for ' r:F ere''. (b) The1 length of tine during which the particles are inhale,! (as demonstrated In Table 2 page p } reflects a weighted reduction in the overall dust pcs to both war-oriels. (5) The individual suscepcibii. v is, in this case, one of those unmeasureable human factor, watch lends special emphasis to the need for the conscientaovrf use of adequate protective measures deemed essential in the orov action of these incurable diseases. UCC 008824 A U 4- 0 CONCLUSIONS The T.L.V. (Threshold Litre a Values) for both of these materials 20 rappel' (sillier particle... per cubic foot) of air. duo0 "O . t '. . ..o health is experienced when processing: on o;" ' - ver.i lint ion control dev Lees do non aaecruaneiy car; oiler; beinp or.rod when " mo. ms.;'*1 Dioeo. are The .'am to nee--m, ... neplipibl-;. in or:; arm UU..U o) The o/;.' momenta 1 c/mdf: uno in ov/.c once, uur m ; the -ue --- survey of trio fabrication of "htylc" bloci:.> / u/ non nnnrucua health. , i; :iTher:iiobootos': blocks mould oca be fabricuu ... band sav .r.less a more affective ventilation ir.stallcc in such a manner.as to render it co.ua inherent atmospheric duct concentrations to wit RSCOilEiDATIONS: (l) Dp NOT fabricate lo': 36" x 4" !,Thermobestos " insulation blcor tr.e existing equipment unless: i (a) The atmosphere drum problem can be reduced to below 2D ropy air thrown the use of ventilation> ., or (b) The producer of this product bey inn amufaev ring ar. insui ! block which will not release, upon fabrication vita a band dust concentrations in excess of 20 mppcf of air. Submitted by indue trial Hyg at UCC 008825 ft Li 4 0 u b TABLE 2 Ii SUMMARY OF 40-H0UR WEEKLY WEIGHED EXPOSURES' AS EXHIBITED BY FIVE WORKERS EMPLOYED AT BLDG. 511-2018 A U 4 0 3 Q * These workers were selected for identification upon the suggestion of the Shop Irsulatic: Fabrication Foreman, Mr. D. R. Matheny, who stated that these particular men prove no he the ones most exposed to nigh, concentrations of this air borne material known to the trade as "calcium silicate". + These hourly exposure values were derived on the basis of the following estimates also submitted by Mr. D. R. Matheny: 16 hours a week are probably spent working with hose products (i.e., "Kaylo" and "Thernobestos") with about 40$ of this being "Thermosostos" exposure and oO;p "Kaylo" exposure. The following general formula was used in deriving the values reihw above as weighed exposures : t \( \ /concentration i Concentration of 1/Number'Hours ofvj of "Kaylo" in : Weighed Exposure _ |l,Thermobestos" in mppcf of Air/\Daily Exposure /'vrap-pci of Air ) in mppcf of Air bO Hours Per Week UCC 008828 TABLE 3 LO. "THERMOBSSTOS" PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION USING BOTH k 0 4- 0 3 9 U3X & 97X OIL INVERSION OBJECTIVES IN COMBINATION WITH A 12X FILAR EYEPIEC UCC 008829