Document xEBZ6Rqn3LB5rRkjBYggYNzJ
harbison-walker
Harbison-Walker Knowledge
8/1/2002 2:06 PM
garber lab document
Harbison Walker Compensation Claims
Date: September 27, 1976 Memo from: R. James To: J. Gray Subject: US Steel Homestead, A. P. Green
Quote:
"A. P. Green has advised Homestead that they have completely discontinued the use of asbestos in any form."
Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-120 ID #F19
OSHA Violations of Harbison-Walker
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Refractories
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Safety Order From: Indiana Division ofLabor To: Harbison-Walker Refractories Division ofDresser Industries, Inc. Regarding Inspection Made on February 17, 1977
Description of violation:
"Failure to sample at intervals no greater than 6 months as to represent the levels of exposure of the employees to airborne asbestos in the Metal Casing Department." [emphasis added]
Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-125 ID #F4912
Harbison-Walker Knowledge
Non-Compliance with Asbestos Regulations Date: April 29, 1977 Memo From: J. V. Skendall To: T. R. Leaman Subject: Hammond Works Asbestos Exposure Quote:
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"On February 7, 1977 we were cited by IOSHA (Indiana Occupational Safety and Health Administration) for non-compliance with asbestos control regulations. The citation was non-serious and no penalty was involved. ... The IOSHA people are after us to advise them the approximate date when the use of asbestos will be discontinued . I will try to hold off as long as possible giving them a definite reply."
Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-126
ID #F209
Harbison-Walker
Response to Knowledge
Date: May 11, 1977
Memo From: K. W. Hansen
To: C. R. Hauth
Subject: Basic Brick Asbestos Exposure
Quote:
"We were not aware of the apparent problems with asbestos exposure at our Hammond plant. Can we assume that the same apparent problem exists at our Baltimore plant?
We have not had a planned program to eliminate asbestos as relief for expansion and particularly in our package between the brick and the case." [emphasis added]
Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-127 ID #F4566
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Harbison-Walker
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Response to Knowledge
Date: July 10, 1978
Memo From: J. Clark
To: J. V. Skendall, Pittsburgh Office
Subject: Asbestos - Baltimore Works
Quote:
"Art Nusser is indicating to me that our Local Union is pressuring him to pressure us to phase out the use of Asbestos. I have indicated to him that we take precautions to avoid unnecessary exposure and that previous testing has indicated that we are within OSHA limitations." [emphasis added]
ID #F4567
Harbison-Walker
Response to Knowledge Asbestos as an Economic Problem
Date: May 24, 1977 Memo From: C. R. Hauth To: F. P. Shonkwiler Subject: Basic Brick Asbestos Exposure Quote:
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"[Asbestos] represents over $6 million in sales revenue, and Chuck states to date we have not found an economical substitute for the asbestos rollboard.
I, therefore, feel Harbison-Walker should reevaluate this situation as to whether it is our intention to cease furnishing asbestos or whether it will be possible for us to make some OSHA accommodations to permit us to handle this $6 million-plus in sales revenue." [emphasis added]
Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-129 ID #F202
Harbison-Walker Knowledge
Date: July 21, 1977
Letter From: Joseph B. Baker, Industrial Hygienist
To: John Skendall, Safety Director
Quote:
"[Asbestos] is capable of causing disabling lung disease (asbestosis), excess cancers of the lung and digestive tract and a unique cancer of the lining of the lung or gut called mesothelioma. [M]esotheliomas are unrelated to smoking history. The digestive tract cancers occur not because people eat asbestos but because they normally swallow the material brought up from the lung by cilia." [emphasis added]
"Recommendations
In light of the fact that unwaxed board was used in the past, all employees in the casing department should be given annual chest xrays." [emphasis in original]
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Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-131
ID #F3746
Harbison-Walker Knowledge Impact of Warning
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Date: September 16, 1977 Memo From: D. F. Stock, Pittsburgh Office To: A. L. Renkey, Garber Research Center Subject: Expansion Inserts for OH RoofBrick Quote:
"Asbestos has become a frightening word because of its association with potential health problems."
Plaintiff's Exhibit #HW-132
ID #F4353
Harbison-Walker Knowledge
Substitutes for Asbestos
Date: November 29, 1977 Memo From: C. H. Luffey, Iron & Steel Products Subject: 1978 Research Marketing Status Report for Open Hearth
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Quote:
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"Due to the impact of OSHA concerning the use of asbestos, we secured through purchasing and direct mail several different products that are being promoted as alternatives for asbestos." [emphasis added]
Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-134
ID #F1109
Harbison-Walker
Response to Knowledge
Date: May 15, 1978
Handwritten Memo From: Art
To: Frank
Quote:
"In ALR's letter of Sept. 23 he states, we are, of course, searching for satisfactory alternatives.' It sounds like we have a program underway to search out, evaluate, and come up with a substitute. Actually all we have is a rather limited testing program, looking only at materials sent in by Chuck Luffey." [emphasis added]
Attachment to Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-136
ID #F753
Harbison-Walker
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Response to Knowledge Date: May 18, 1978 Handwritten Memo From: WDM To: K. W. Hansen Re: U.S. Steel Corp. Fairless, Pa. OH Roof, Asbestos expansion Quote:
"I advised Al we had no problems handling and installing asbestos as expansion allowance and therefore we would continue. Also, advised Al that we had done extensive testing and least expensive acceptable substitute for asbestos was twice the cost of asbestos." [emphasis added]
Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-137
ID #F170
Harbison-Walker Knowledge
Hazards of Asbestos Exposure
Date: October 9, 1936
Twenty-fifth National Safety Congress Session on Occupational Diseases
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Speech titled "The Lesser Known Facts About Common Occupational Diseases"
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by Dr. Robert B. Hunt
Quote:
"Although the actions of various dusts differ within the body, the exposure to asbestos fibres, present in the weaving and the grinding of dry asbestos material, offers another type of dust which may cause fatalities among workers." [emphasis added]
Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-170
Harbison-Walker Knowledge
Non-Compliance with OSHA
Special Report From: Norman C. Zeiser, Life Insurance Company ofNorth America
To: Dresser Industries, Harbison-Walker Refractories
Regarding: Noise and Dust Survey conducted on July 19, 1972
Quote:
"Results indicate ... some of the workers in the Specialty Plant are exposed to asbestos dust in excess of OSHA limits during the production of special mixtures containing asbestos."
"Dust-Asbestos and Clay: Subpart G, section 1910.93 of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 states, in part, that
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exposures by inhalation, ingestion, skin absorption, or contact to any material or substance...in concentrations above those specified in Table G-3, shown below, shall be avoided, or protective equipment shall be provided and used."
ID #F3079
Harbison-Walker
DUTY
Special Report From: Norman C. Zeiser, Life Insurance Company ofNorth America
To: Dresser Industries, Harbison-Walker Refractories
Regarding: Noise and Dust Survey conducted on July 19, 1972
Quote:
"Table II: Asbestos Dust Concentrations Specialty Plant (Employee Exposure to Asbestos): 8.55 fibers/cc " [emphasis added]
"[T]hree areas of exposure that require immediate consideration [include] the asbestos dust in the Specialty Building... All exposed employees should be supplied with appropriate personal protection if not already available."
id #F3083-F3084Harbison-Walker Knowledge
Special Report From: Norman C. Zeiser, Life Insurance Company ofNorth America
To: Dresser Industries, Harbison-Walker Refractories
Regarding: Noise and Dust Survey conducted on July 19, 1972
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Quote:
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"Asbestos Dust Recommendation: Install a local exhaust system above mixing chamber located on third floor of Specialty Building. Continue the use of U.S. Bureau of Mines approved respirators in areas where employees are exposed to asbestos dust." [emphasis added]
ID #F3085
Harbison-Walker Knowledge Hazardous Health Effects of Asbestos
Date: August 16, 1972 Memo From: D. R. Pflaumer To: P. E. Fisch Subject: Standards for Asbestos Dust Quote:
" Harbison-Walker has been acutely aware
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of the asbestos problem for many years." [emphasis added]
Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-104
ID #F4554
Harbison-Walker
Response to Knowledge
Date: January 15, 1975 Memo From: John V. Skendall To: Mr. H. J. Johnson Subject: Asbestos Dust Hazards Quote:
"At Fulton, however, we were in excess of the allowable [OSHA] limit. I believe that present tests would show that we are still considerably in excess of the allowable limit."
" [I]t would be more economical to discontinue production of the products currently made at Fulton Works rather than to attempt conformance to the law. The latter would involve providing change rooms, special clothing, lockers, laundering, special record keeping, annual physicals, adequate ventilation, etc." [emphasis added]
Plaintiff's Exhibit #HW-108
ID #F4553
Harbison-Walker Knowledge
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Date: October 30, 1975
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Report titled Industrial Hygiene Survey, Harbison-Walker Refractories, Dresser Industries
From: The Continental Insurance Companies
Quote:
"Recommendations: When Chromepak G is being run, those individuals along the flow of materials who might be exposed to asbestos fiber in dumping, blending or bagging should wear an appropriate approved NIOSH USBM dust respirator."
Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-110
ID #F3750
Harbison-Walker Knowledge Fiber Type
Date: April 5, 1976 Handwritten Memo From C. F. Wenrich To: C. H. Luffey Quote:
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"I believe dusting of asbestos is a function of decomposition under heat. You might check the file but I don't think a different form would solve the problem."
Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-113
ID #F224
Harbison-Walker Knowledge
Date: September 1976
Handwritten Memo From: Chuck Luffey
To: Ken Hansen
Quote:
"The point that I was trying to make is not that we have a problem with our asbestos as furnished, but with the decomposition that occurs to the asbestos in service and how much of it gets into the air when they drop a used roof. Thereby creating a health hazard for those working in the immediate
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area." [emphasis added]
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Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-114
Harbison-Walker
Duty
Date: April 1974
Memo From: J. V. Skendall
To: G. A. Garber
Subject: Asbestos Dust
Quote:
"[I]t is my recommendation, if at all possible, we discontinue the use of asbestos in Micracrete 7. If this is impractical, terminate the production of this product. If a satisfactory substitute cannot be found, we should provide adequate precautionary labeling. H-W Lightweight Castable 10 which contains 10% asbestos should also have adequate precautionary labeling."
Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-360
ID #F3608
Harbison-Walker Knowledge
Date: March 15, 1972
Letter From: Martin R. Veater, Manager-Purchasing, HarbisonWalker Refractories
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To: Mr. Cortwright, Sales Manager, Nicolet Industries, Inc.
8/1/2002 2:06 PM
Quote:
"Based on request of our customers it is necessary that we have the following information on the various types of asbestos rollboard supplied to us by both your Norristown, Pennsylvania and Hamilton, Ohio Plants.
1. The percentage of asbestos. 2. The percentage of dusting. 3. The type of binder used." [emphasis added]
Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-92
ID #F3531
Harbison-Walker Knowledge
TLV Inadequate
Date: December 27, 1968 Letter From: A. D. Brandt To: G. A. Moore, Jr. Quote:
".. .evidence is accumulating to indicate that the threshold limit value in effect is too high - that is, permits a higher degree of exposure than is safe." [emphasis added]
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Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-316 ID #3876
Harbison-Walker Knowledge
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TLV Inadequate
Date: December 15, 1976
Memo From: John F. Finklea, M.D. Director, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
To: The Assistant Secretary for Health, Department ofHealth, Education, and Welfare
Quote:
" Currently it is not possible to establish a safe exposure level for the carcinogenic activity of asbestos. Therefore, the exposure values now recommended by NIOSH are based on what NIOSH considers to be the lowest concentration at which asbestos fibers can be monitored reliably using phase-contrast fiber counting procedures." [emphasis added]
Attachment to Plaintiff's Exhibit #HW-124
ID #F3922
Harbison-Walker Knowledge
Date: April 8, 1963 Memo From: J. L. Thompson To: A. R. Maune Subject: H-WCastable 21-63
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Quote:
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"Mix:
15% Vermiculite(1)
30% Asbestos 6D(2)
20% High-Duty Bats, 10 mesh (bone dry)
35% Rolands Regular Cement"
[emphasis added]
Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-310 ID #B6463
Harbison-Walker Knowledge
Substitutes Date: May 22, 1975 Memo From: J. A. Garber To: D. C. Skelly Quote:
"Attached is F. P. Shonkwiler's letter of May 20 on asbestos replacement for specialties. Mr. Shonkwiler is recommending that
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Micacrete 7 and H-W Lightweight Castable 10 can be eliminated and the material identified in D. F. Stock's letter of April 22 be substituted."
Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-291 ID #F283
Harbison-Walker
Response to Knowledge
Date: July 17, 1975 Memo From: F. P. Shonkwiler To: J. A. Garber Subject: Asbestos Replacements for Specialties Quote:
"We would suggest that the old product mix be continued long enough to fully utilize all stocks of asbestos so that this item can be completely eliminated from our manufacturing process as soon as possible." [emphasis added]
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Plaintiffs Exhibits #HW-332 ID #F286
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Harbison-Walker Knowledge
Date: April 29, 1976
Memo From: C. H. Luffey
To: R. L. Wuske
Subject: Asbestos/OSHA, U.S. Steel Corporation
Quote:
"In February of this year, OSHA told U.S. Steel - Homestead to stop using hot-top side boards because of their asbestos fiber content. The next area OSHA plans to check is an open hearth roof. When an open hearth furnace has completed its campaign, the remaining brickwork is knocked in. When the roof is dropped, a large amount of dust is created. OSHA plans to measure this dust for asbestos fiber content since all Homestead roofs contain asbestos.
Preliminary discussions with GRC and C.D. Jamison indicates that OSHA will probably find asbestos fibers. Whether the amount they find is within limits, we won't know until the measurements are taken. However, if the amounts found are above acceptable limits, U.S. Steel will be ordered to discontinue this practice. This will mean all U.S. Steel shops." [emphasis added]
Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-117
ID #F217
Harbison-Walker Knowledge
Substitutes Date: May 15, 1978 Memo From: D. F. Stock To: F. P. Shonkwiler Subject: Expansion Inserts for Open Hearth RoofBrick
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Quote:
"My interpretation of the report is that it calls out 3 materials as possibilities for replacing asbestos but does not specifically recommend any one. Such a decision would have to be based on costs, actual service trials, etc."
Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-222
Harbison-Walker
Response to Knowledge
Date: May 15, 1978
Handwritten Memo From: Art
To: Frank
Quote:
".. .I still believe that based on the importance of the Asbestos problem and the potential for a complete ban that we should identify a research project, define its objectives and search out the available commercial substitutes for evaluation."
Attachment to Plaintiff's Exhibit #HW-136
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ID #F753
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Harbison-Walker Knowledge
Substitutes
Date: January 25, 1979 Memo From: C. F. Wenrich To: C. R. Hauth Subject: Grooved Metalkase Brick Quote:
"In addition, Baltimore shipped about $2.5 million of grooved metal-encased basic brick primarily to Bethlehem, Sparrows Point and Hammond shipped an estimated $3.0 million of grooved metal-encased Detrick roof brick to Inland."
Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-141 ID #F2930
Harbison-Walker Knowledge Substitutes
Date: March 30, 1979
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Memo From: C. H. Luffey
Subject: O.H. Roofs, Grooved EXKASE/Asbestos
Quote:
"In 1973 the Grooved EXKASE design was developed in conjunction with Bethlehem Steel. The purpose was to eliminate the use of Asbestos and the associated future problems with OSHA on hazardous substances at Bethlehem Steel." [emphasis added]
Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-143 ID #F118
Harbison-Walker Knowledge
Substitutes
Date: March 30, 1979 Memo From: C. H. Luffey Subject: O.H. Roofs, Grooved EXKASE/Asbestos Quote: "While we pursued asbestos free substitutes, our competitors
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have been using almost any type of asbestos free product up until approximately 12/78. Since that time they all are now marketing a case similar to the Grooved EXKASE concept. They can now supply the expansion allowance built into the case for roof, walls and uptake shapes." [emphasis added]
Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-143
ID #F119
Harbison-Walker Knowledge
Substitutes
Date: April 29, 1980
Memo From: J. F. Ward
To: W. D. Meloy
Subject: U.S. Steel Fairless Exkase with R/B versus Grooved Case with no R/B
Quote:
"Al Mack told me that we are the only supplier still using asbestos for roof keys on M.H. Detrick shapes. All our competitors use Fiberfrax paper for the radial expansion of the roof keys and the one side of the DH-2 and DH-5 M.H. Detrick nose tile." [emphasis added]
Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-148 ID #F2909
Harbison-Walker Knowledge
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Substitutes
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Date: January 7, 1977 Technical Data Sheet on Harbison-Walker Block Insulation
Quote: "Mineral Wool Block Insulation Thermal Conductivity: Temperature (F) 200 400 600 800 1000 1200" [emphasis added]
ID #RMC1192
Harbison-Walker Knowledge
Technical Data Sheet on Harbison-Walker Hard-Faced Block Insulation
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Quote:
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"This product contains no asbestos." [emphasis in original]
ID #RMC1194
No Asbestos Mentioned
Technical Data Sheet on H-W Lightweight Castable 10
Quote:
"Uses: Replaces block type insulation in industrial furnace walls where a monolithic type construction is desired. Principally back up insulation in varying industrial furnace and boiler settings; also for lining ducts, breeching and piping."
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ID #RMC1068
Harbison-Walker Knowledge Substitutes
Technical Data Sheet for H-WBlock Insulation Quote:
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"Mineral Wool Block.. .is composed of long mineral wool fibers which are tightly interlaced and bonded forming a strong light, and resilient structure.
Most extensively used as a backing insulation for firebrick and monolithic refractory structures. Typical uses include boilers, kilns, blast furnace stoves, soaking pits, oil refinery processing equipment, etc.
Maximum Temperature Limit - 1900 F."
ID #RMC1168
Harbison-Walker
Response to Knowledge
Date: May 17, 1996 H-R Responses and Objections to Plaintiffs' Master Interrogatories Attachment A: List ofProducts Containing Asbestos Fibers Quote:
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"H-W Lightweight Castable 10
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Micacrete 7
Chromepak G
H-W Mineral Fiber Coating (a purchased and relabeled product)
H-W Rollboard (a purchased and relabeled product)" [emphasis added]
Harbison-Walker
Response to Knowledge
Date: May 17, 1996
H-WResponses and Objections to Plaintiffs' Master Interrogatories,
Quotes:
".. .Harbison-Walker states that the following warning appeared on a label affixed to the packaging of H-W Rollboard, from approximately 1979 until sales were discontinued: 'WARNING: This product contains asbestos fiber. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), an agency of the U.S. Government, believes repeated inhalation of asbestos fiber is a health hazard and may cause various diseases, including cancer and asbestosis.'"
Harbison-Walker Knowledge
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Date: May 17, 1996
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H-WResponses and Objections to Plaintiffs' Master Interrogatories
Attachment C
Quote:
"H-W Lightweight Castable 10:
Consisted of a blend of light weight aggregates and a hydraulic-setting cement, plus 10% 7M asbestos fibers." [emphasis added]
Harbison-Walker Knowledge
Report entitled "Experiences with Aluminum Dust Treatments - Silica Brick Industry " By: C. W. Burger, Industrial Relations Representative, Harbison-Walker Refractories Company Data Compiled: 1949-1951
Quote:
"[This report's] value will be in whatever
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benefit other industries, confronted with a silica hazard, may glean from the experience that our company has had with a nine years' trial of aluminum dust treatments."
Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-302 ID #F1723
Harbison-Walker Knowledge
Report entitled "Experiences with Aluminum Dust Treatments - Silica Brick Industry "
By: C. W. Burger, Industrial Relations Representative, Harbison-Walker Refractories Company
Data Compiled: 1949-1951
Quote:
"[I]n 1937, we decided that the potential liability was great enough to take precautionary measures to insure ourselves, insofar as possible, from inheriting already existing silicotics. We felt that pre employment chest X-rays was one method of doing this, so beginning in January 1937 we required that each new employee submit to and pass a chest X-ray examination as a condition of employment."
Plaintiff's Exhibit #HW-302
ID #F1724
Harbison-Walker Knowledge
Report entitied "Experiences with Aluminum Dust Treatments - Silica Brick Industry "
By: C. W. Burger, Industrial Relations Representative, Harbison-Walker Refractories Company
Data Compiled: 1949-1951
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Quote:
"[T]he Aluminum Treatment program was not inaugurated in our silica plants as a substitute for good industrial housekeeping, but to supplement it. It is point two in a two point program to combat the hazard."
Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-302 ID #F1725
Harbison-Walker Knowledge
Report entitled "Experiences with Aluminum Dust Treatments - Silica Brick Industry "
By: C. W. Burger, Industrial Relations Representative, Harbison-Walker Refractories Company
Data Compiled: 1949-1951
Quote:
"At about this same time our Company took the progressive step of publishing an eight-page booklet entitled 'Silicosis - What It Is and How It Can Be Prevented.' This booklet was issued to the employees of our three silica works in an endeavor to overcome the seeming apathy regarding silicosis. "
Plaintiff's Exhibit #HW-302
ID #F1731
Harbison-Walker Knowledge
Report entitied "Experiences with Aluminum Dust Treatments - Silica Brick Industry "
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By: C. W. Burger, Industrial Relations Representative, Harbison-Walker Refractories Company
Data Compiled: 1949-1951
Representatives of Harbison-Walker Refractories met with members of the County Medical Society to discuss the Aluminum Treatment program and how aluminum dust had become not only an industry problem, but a community problem as well.
Plaintiffs Exhibit #HW-302 ID #F1730
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