Document x5nqvGzJnzDNOEjek3Q38e8RJ

prevailing standards, and not very severe standards at that, for persons holding their posts. The salary crisis, however, Is easing. ra But note comes the new crisis in school buildings and equipment We would have beenjiard put to get our schools back into shape after years of wartime neglect--even without a booming birthrate complicating the prob lem. Right now, 85% of all public school buildings need major remodeling to remove health and safety hazards. And we aren't building enough new schools to keep up with current needs, to say nothing of catch ing up on those wc were not able to build during the war years. School construction expenditures for 1948 are estimated at $375 million -- which is less than what was spent in 1930. With building costs twice as high as they were in 1939, that means we aren't even holding our own--we are falling further behind. And now comes the rush of war babies. mention of World War 1, the depression of the 1930% the Russian Revolution or the rise of the dictators. ` There are countless schools where modem methods of visual education arc completely unknown.- All of these conditions promise to get wo.'/se -- promptly --as that scheduled 5 million increase in the school population gets rolling. The Metropolitan Life Insurance Company docs not Indulge In lurid prose. It says^after painstaking study of the educational crisis that: "l/nless definite measures ire taken immediately . .. large numbers of American boys and girls will be deprived of an adequate education." Currently we are deeply concerned about our military defenses. We are taking, and I think right ly, emergency measures to strengthen them. But we must regard our schools os' a part of our national defense as vital as are our armed forces. This is particularly true in these times of fifth columns and ideological warfare. IV We must spend at least $12 billion on new schools . and equipment in the next decade. Public end elementary schools must have $6.6 bil lion. Equally important, another $4.4 billion must be Invested in buildings and equipment In our private schools, colleges and universities if they are to meet the demands which will be made upon them. The private school and the privately endowed university are doing their full share and doing it well. The need for them is increasing. These figures cover only rockbottom needs for educational plant and equipment But statistics are If we are wise, we will raise our sights. We will j give the continuing-crisis in education the same | urgent attention being given the more obvious ] but no more real crisis in national defense. Go to the school house in your neighborhood and' discover what needs to be done to provide for the rising tide of young Americans. Ask your school board and your school administrators and teachers how you can help them. That is good citizenship. That is patriotism. That is our duty to the oncoming generation. a very restricted recorder of this crisis. Yoti.can see it better, Pm sure. In schools not very jar from your home. There are schools with leaking roofs and outdoor toilets in our greatest cities. There are schools where students still use histories and geographies copyrighted before 1920--books with no President, McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, Inc. THIS IS THB Wni OF THH SKRUS 4?'Q 1 COMPUTE SIMPLE-CYCLE GAS TURBINS o produce 3500 plant for locomotive drive, bum* fuel oil. In tlx combwkw ot 80-F inlelolr temperature. Unit duplicate* design on tlon chombert mounted between oxlol compressor and turbine Installing Waste-Heat Boiler Increases Gas-Turbine Flexibility Facts and figures on increas ing the usefulness of gas turbines by utilization of the heat in the exhaust. Ab stract of a paper by George R Fusner of General Electric Co, presented before the June 1948 meeting of the ASME, Held at Milwaukee, Wisconsin fow,, July 1^49 While a single-shait cas turbine with no heat recovery will find many applications, high fuel costa bar ila utilisation In some Instances. One way of Improving the plant heal rate passes the high-temperature exhaust gas through a waste-heat boiler that pro duces steam for process and space heating or for electrical-power generation. Use of just a simple waste-heat boiler has the drawbacks of steam generation depending on power output and de creased steam production with low in let-air temperature ot the compressor. These handicaps con be overcome in two ways, the methods being demon strated by performances calculated for the plant shown in Fig. 1. This unit Is an adaptation of the 3500-hp locomo tive unit described in Power, May 1948, pp 95, 98. With a 15% effective boiler-it is pos sible to generate 31,200 lb per hr of 50-paig saturated steam and 25,600 lb per hr of 200-psig saturated steam when (he unit runs at its design point of 3500 kw and 80-F inlet air. Cooling the gas to steam-saturated temperature makes 43 million Btu per hr available at 50 psig and 38 million Dtu per hr at 200 pslg. Wedo-Hoot Boiler. Fig. 2 shows one suitable type of waste-heat boiler. This unit has B500 sq ft of heating surface, arranged 20 tubes wide and, 70 deep. The 2-ia. tubes are rolled into a 48-in. upper and 32-in. lower drum. Over-all dimensions are about as follows: height 20 ft, width 8 ft, length 25 ft. Boiler purchase price will be about $75,000. Turbine Performance. Exhaust tem perature of tbe simple-cycle gas tur bine decreases with falling inlet-air temperature to tho unit Fig. 3 shows that at 3500-kw output the exhaust tem perature with 80-F air temperature is 820 F, and at O-F air the exhaust drops to 610 F. These lowering temperatures decrease the steam generation in a waitc-heat boiler. Fig. 4 and 5 show the effects on a 200-psig end 50-psig boiler, respectively. These performances are based on feedwater temperatures of (421) 99