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INDEX TO "ETHYL NEWS" FOR 1939 ADVERTISING Ethyl Goes on the Air January Tune-up Time off to a Flying Start February Guest Stars Shine on Tune-up Time March America's First Advertising Man--Benjamin Franklin Radio Announcer Boosts Motor Tune-up May Zeke and the Boys June Tune-up Time 1940 Model September Pennywise--A Smash Hit December March AUTOMOTIVE Santa Claus Parade Thrills Toronto Youngsters January Why Not an Artificial Heart, etc. January Louisville Tunes Up for Top Performance January You May Have a Sick Cylinder February Outlook for Automobile Trade Better February Make Way for Old Dobbin (Snowmobile) February Spark Plugs Often Perform Like Old Faithful March Garage Holds Monthly Customer Clinic March Rugged Individualism Under Hood April Elgin vs. Chicago April Ethyl Captures Rose Bowl Cup April Nation's Police Efficiency Increased by Automobiles, etc. April Illinois Puts First Mobile Inspection Laboratory on Road May Springfield Cuts Accident Toll May Thousands of New Cars Take Water Route to Detroit June Thirty Years and Still Running June Louisiana's Free Auto Mechanics School July-August Old and New in Transportation Parade September Putting Performance on Paper September Ethyl Goes to South Pole on Strange Vehicle September Jallopy Jamboree October Syracuse Auto Races November Admiral Byrd's Snow Cruiser Starts Long Voyage December AVIATION Triumph of British Aircraft Construction January Fabric Fuel Tank Developed for Aircraft February International Pan-American Airport April Planning Highways from Sky April Pre-Testing Flying Power May Memorial Park to Mark Birth of American Aviation May Canada's National Air Service June Yankee Clipper of '39 Recaptures Ocean Record July-August Wings Over Elmira July-August Tankers of the Air September Philadelphia Post Office Pioneers New Air Mail September Roscoe Turner and Ethyl Win Third Thompson Cup October They Must Be Tough--Uncle Sam's Birdmen October American Built Planes Sensation on Allied Front November National Guard Aviation December BUS AND TRUCK Forest Giant Falls Near Astoria, Oregon January The Early Days of Greyhound March Modem Equipment Replaces Old at Pikes Peak July-August Through Khyber Pass with Ethyl September First Electric Transit Line Keeps Pace, etc. September New Type Truck Shows Efficiency September Ethyl's Superiority on Texas Highway Job September Let Your Truck or Bus Earn More Dollars October Maintenance Problems of Large Bus Company October Stethoscoping the Bus November Ethyl Holds Fleet Conference December Heavy Jobs Easy for "Big Bertha" December CLINIC Army Holds Meetings at Ethyl Clinic in Washington January Head of National Auto Dealers Becomes Ethyl Minded January Texaco Service Station Inspection Car at Clinic No. 9 January Ethyl Entertains Western Pennsylvania Refiners February Nebraska Capital City Welcomes Ethyl Clinic February Oil Company Executives Meet at Clinic New Orleans February Pennsylvania Railroad Tunes-up March Ethyl Clinic Welcomed to Mobile April Perfect Circle Company Entertains at Clinic May Ethyl Cooperates with Uncle Sam May Ethyl Clinic Invades Westchester May West Virginia Network Puts Clinic on Air June Standard Oil at Clinic, Jackson, Mississippi June Noted Tenor Guest at Preview Dinner June Radio Supplements Clinic Program July-August A Clinic Moves July-August Putting Performance on Paper September Meeting in Columbus, Georgia, for Wofford Oil October Atlanta Admen See How Ethyl Completes Job November Atlanta Clinic's Final Showing December Ethyl Clinic on Air in Utica December CUSTOMER CAMPAIGNS, EDUCATIONAL MEETINGS AND EXHIBITS . Standard Oil Sales Program North Carolina Nets Gain February New York City and World's Fair Prepare for Millions February Petroleum Industry Exhibition's Directors View Fair February Ethyl Sponsors Automobile and Fleet School in Atlanta May Cowboy Music Wins Attention for Ethyl September Combined Efforts of Oil and Automobile Industries Promote Better Performance November Kansas Town Boasts Tune-up Equipment December CORPORATION ACTIVITIES AND PERSONNEL ITEMS Personnel Changes in Gasoline Testing Department February New Ethyl Chloride Plant, Baton Rouge March James T. Grady Honored by American Institute March Ethyl Host at New Tulsa Laboratory April Ronan Comes to New York General Offices April Changes of Management in Sales Division April Ethyl-Dow's Championship Softball Team May New Research Laboratory Combines Miniature United States as Proving Ground May Fifteen Year Service (Drs. Edgar and Kehoe) June Baton Rouge Personnel June Fifteen Year Service (Armstrong and Mescher) July-August Will Supervise New Ethyl Chloride Division July-August O. V. Tracy Leaves Baton Rouge July-August Fifteen Year Service (Sortman) September Ethyl Opens Graduate Training School October Fifteen Year Service (Mehring) October Ethyl Graduate Training School November Vice-President Graham Edgar Predicts More Miles December Four Million Dollar Expansion at Baton Rouge December New Chemical Research Laboratory at Detroit December Hubner Heads New Refinery Technology Division December New Sales Division on West Coast December SPECIAL FEATURE ARTICLES You Can Help FBI January Historic Cow Path in Chicago Loop January Malthusian Theories of Oil Reserves March Photographing Mother Earth Fifteen Thousand Feet Underground March Providing Skilled Workers for Industry (David Rankin, Jr., School) March Natchez--Where Old South Still Lives March New York World's Fair Traffic April Little Known Industry Marks Fortieth Year (Fisheries) We Own Industry May Tulip Time in Holland, Michigan May Woolaroc Retains Atmosphere of Old West May April |over] ETc Z23le i M Europe Seeks Oil June Vancouver Pioneers in Plan to Curb Highway Death Toll June Highway is Foundation of Nation's Social Order June Tour Service DeLuxe July-August Tolls for Road Construction July-August First English Incorporated City of New World Relives Past July-August What's Over the Hill (Trafficscope) July-August Germany Shifting from Alcohol to Ethyl Fluid Blend July-August Cooperative Research July-August Will as You Will--But Will You Should July-August Carlsbad Cavern of New Mexico July-August Navies Without Oceans September Through Khyber Pass with Ethyl September Just Supposing September The Panda Lady and Su Lin September A Long Name September Power and Heat and Food October New Safety Glass for 1940's Cars October Building an Oil Tanker October New Reactions (Dr. Calingaert) November Scientist Says America Could Supply World's Petroleum Needs November The Mariners' Museum November Sealed Beam for Night Driving November For Safety's Sake on New York Highways November Business Man Views Thresher November Mr. Average American's Wealth December TRACTOR Record Crowd Views International Plowing Match January Student Fanners at Pennsylvania State Study Modem HC Tractors May Funk Farms and Hybrid Com June Ford Announces New Tractor July-August Battle of Tractor Giants Looms for 1940 November Farmers' World Series December ETC 22317 AN INVITATION The Ethyl Gasoline Corporation ex tends to its friends and customers a cor dial invitation to attend the studio broad casts of "Tune-Up Time." When planning a trip to New York, write for tickets. Address requests to Ethyl Gasoline Cor poration, Advertising Department, Chrys ler Building, New York, N. Y. V r Etkyl Goes on tke Air Company's First National Radio Program Starts January 12tb 45 Minute Show to Feature O'Keefe and Kostelanetz HEN the moving finger of the studio clock ticks off the second Wafter ten o'clock (E.S.T.) on the evening of January 12th, a hand will wave in the control room of the Columbia Broadcasting Sys tem's Playhouse Number I (New Amsterdam Theatre) in New York * City,' signaling the start of a great new radio series, the first to be sponsored nationally by the Ethyl Gasoline Corporation. The hand signal from the director will send the program, called "Tune- Up Time,'' out over 63 stations in the coast-to-coast network of the Columbia Broadcasting System to a ETHYL GASOLINE CORPORATION CHRYSLER BUILDING NEW YORK CITY potential audience of 22,894,162 radio', homes. It will launch one of the most important promotional activities undertaken by the Company in many years. W. CARY HARRIS Editor Designed to benefit automotive men as well as cus tomer oil companies, "Tune-Up Time" is a further extension of Ethyl's established policy of cooperation EDWIN DOWNS RUSSELL B. WESTON Associate Editors with the automotive and petroleum industries. From an entertainment standpoint, "Tune-Up Time'' will rank as one of the most spectacular shows on the air. With an audience of more than 1,000 filling the radio theater, no less than 60 per formers will be heard every Thursday evening on the great stage which has been enlarged specially Correspondents for this program. J. A. COSTELLO........................ Atlanta F. S. CRONIN....................... Baltimore D. S. FLYNN............................. Boston Headlining the talent as master of ceremonies is handsome Walter O'Keefe, nationally-known wit, who will go down in history as the man who popu larized the "Man on the Flying Trapeze." A. B. WYRICK..........................Chicago The musical side of "Tune-Up Time" brings back R. R. FALLER........................... Dayton to the air a brilliant and versatile organization unequalled by any currently H. L NIXON....................Kansas City competing program. The director is Andre Kostelanetz who, with his CARL ABELL.................... Los Angeles forty-five piece orchestra, has won wide popularity through his spectacular R. L. GOLTZ........................New York J. N. FITZGERALD...................Toronto H. C. DEES................................... .Tulsa R. K. SCALES........ Engineering Dept. ARTHUR P. STOVER...... Mfg. Dept. and strikingly beautiful arrangements of new and old music. Supplementing Kostelanetz and his men is Kay Thompson and her twelve Rhythm Singers. Miss Thompson was the originator of a new style of vocal swing and like O'Keefe and Kostelanetz, has been heard with her chorus on many bigtime radio shows. J. C. POPE...... Gasoline Testing Dept. E. J. NIESER......Administration Dept. HUBERT FOSSETT......... Export Dept. Lily Pons First Guest Star Additional-special features will make the opening program of the "TuneUp Time" series one of the big radio events of the year. Arrangements have been completed for the guest appearance of Lily Pons who, in private life, is Mrs. Kostelanetz. This will be the first time Miss Pons and Mr. Kostelanetz have been together on the same program since their marriage last summer. Irving Berlin, the famous song-smith of Tin Ran Alley, has made another headline for "Tune-Up Time" by writing a new song which Kostelanetz and his orchestra will play for the first time. Plans for succeeding programs call for the guest appearance of an out standing personality every week. These guests will be drawn from many THE MATERIAL IN THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRINTED PROVIDED DUE CREDIT IS GIVEN THE "ETHYL NEWS" OR ETHYL GASOLINE CORPORATION fields of the entertainment world and will include the biggest names of Hollywood and Broadway. Program to Sell Company's Basic Product UNLESS IT IS A COPYRIGHTED ARTICLE. "Tune-Up Time" inaugurates an important change in the Company's VOL. 6, No. 1 advertising policy. Beginning with the radio program, the advertising will Walter O'Keefe will act as master of cere monies at Ethyl's radio program "Tune-Up Time" which goes on the air over the Columbia Coast-to-Coast network January 12th. promote more than the sale of "Ethyl" alone; it will speak for alt "leaded" gasolines. These sales mes sages are designed particularly to be of real service to automotive and oil men by giving car-owners the basic facts about the relation of better gasoline, tune-up, and correct spark settings to car performance. Customer oil companies and their dealers will benefit through com mercials which explain to motorists that no automobile can cash in on the extra performance in better anti knock gasoline unless the spark is properly advanced and the motor given a tune-up at regular intervals. They will also benefit through com mercials which tell car-owners how tetraethyl lead improves the anti knock quality of gasoline. Automotive men, on the other hand, will benefit through "TuneUp Time" commercials in this way: Car-owners will be told that the ad vice of their service men is sound advice and will save them money Lily Pons and Andre Kostelanetz, her hus band. who conducts the 45-piece orches tra in "Tune-Up Time." during a moment of relaxation. As guest star on the opening night she will make her first appearance on the air with Mr. Kostelanetz since their marriage. Page two ETHYL NEWS ETC 22321 ile of for all mes-ly to e and s the >n of irrect mce. their comorists in on antiirk is notor rvals. comhow anti- other "uneway: e adound loney I * < WS in the long run. They will be told that no service man can give an automobile a grade of performance better than the grade of gasoline in the tank. They will also be told to go to their car dealer or motor ser vice man at regular intervals for complete motor adjustment. Two-page advertisements an nouncing "Tune-Up Time" are ap pearing in January issues of lead ing oil and automotive trade papers. The advertisements emphasize the importance of the new program to both industries by enumerating the selling points just described. Sub stantially the same points will be stressed in all 1939 advertising. Aside from its influence on carowners generally, "Tune-Up Time" is expected to be an important aid to the Ethyl field force and to the Motor Clinics. This opportunity will be exploited to the fullest pos sible extent through special pro motion effort. The first step in this direction has been the mailing of reprints of the "Tune-Up Time" advertisements to more than 60,000 oil company jobbers and automo bile dealers throughout the United States. Postcards and telegrams will also be used to give "Tune-Up Time" the widest possible publicity in the petroleum and automotive in dustries. "Tune-Up Time" will be "sold" to the public through an intensive publicity program and through ad vertisements in newspapers in the 63 cities in which are located CBS stations broadcasting the program. The Story Behind "Tune-Up Time" The Company's first venture as a national network advertiser dates back almost a year ago when it was decided to give radio a 26-week test on a local basis. The program chosen for the experiment was "Curtain Calls" broadcast over KFWB, Los Angeles. The show had been sponsored by the Sunset Oil Kay Thompion with her Rhythm Singen. will be a regular feature oi Ethyl's "Tune- Up Time" each Thursday night JANUARY, 1939 Page three ETC 22322 1 w*&t * '? \C!3F1/ I This Month's Cover WABC transmission tow ers of the Columbia Broad casting System at Wayne, N. J., from which "TuneUp Time" will be speeded on its way to millions of listeners from 10 to 10:45 E.S.T., every Thursday evening, beginning January 12th. The towers, erected in 1921, are 550 feet high, resting in 4-foot square in sulators, with a sending ca pacity of 50,000 kilowatts. Andre Kostelanetz conducts his orchestra during a rehearsal of "Tune-Up Time" at the Columbia Playhouse. Company for more than two years and had proved its value as an ef fective merchandising aid. Used to back up the program of the Los Angeles Motor Clinic, "Curtain Calls" brought excellent results. The knowledge gained through this local program, combined with de velopments in the oil industry, in dicated that the time had arrived for the Company to go on the air nationally. The work of building a program to meet the Company's require ments began as far back as October. Under the direction of Arthur Pry or, Jr., radio chief of Batten, Bar ton, Durstine and Osborn (Mr. Pryor, incidentally, is the son and grandson of the famous band mas ters), various talent and entertain ment possibilities were explored. On October 24th a preliminary ver sion of "Tune-Up Time" was re corded for auditiot\. Approximately three weeks later the final make-up of the program was settled. Page four 3C AA 3P: it* ? 7i \ A f 1 nI & 4 * * * VELT L rf - * * '% % Wmrf-j- .^.-s'-.vry5 - ft - ` f, -if* ,'cz M-i'S. HI Ethyl presented "Curtain Calls," which was broadcast to the west coast during the summer, at the El Capitan in Los Angeles. Picture shows a portion of the ticket line on the opening night ETHYL NEWS ETC 22323 Army to Hold Series of Meetings at Ethyl Clinic in Washington HROUGH the courtesy of the nel assigned to this detail represent Tcommanding general of the a new era in the U.S. Army set-up. Third Corps Area, the Ethyl It is a well-known fact that the Clinic of the Baltimore DivisioAnrmies of the World are no longer to be found modern tanks and trucks along with such other mechanized equipment as is deemed necessary in modern warfare. has inaugurated a series of meetings dependent on the ability of men to This meeting at the Ethyl Clinic for the troops within a fifty mile march from one place to another, in Washington was the opening of radius of Washington. but rely on mechanical means of a series to be held for Fort Wash The series was started in true transportation. It is essential, there ington, Fort Belvoir, Fort Meyers Army style, when a group of one fore, that those who are appointed and the Washington Transportation hundred and seventy-eight men and to drive and maintain this equip Depot. Incidentally this last named seventeen officers were convoyed ment must be of the highest calibre group is responsible for the main from Fort Meade, Maryland to and experts in their field. This pic tenance and fueling of the Presi Washington for the first of these ture of personnel and equipment dential and Cabinet members' cars, demonstrations. The column of clearly describes the activities of as well as those of a number of the eighteen trucks was met at the Dis Fort George G. Meade where are high ranking army officers. trict Line by a selected group of mounted police who led the forma tion to the clinic site. It was truly Officers and men of the Third Corps Division about to march in to the Ethyl Clinic in Washington, D. C. an impressive picture to observe the convoy forming on Constitution Avenue, just within the shadows of the Nation's Capitol and directly in front of the Clinic. From this point the men were marched indoors where they heard the program. The equipment and the person Forest Giant Falls Near Astoria, Oregon arold akerstedt, H Svensen logger, was in As toria one Sunday relaxing from a job that would have wearied the limbs of brawny Paul Bunyon. For three days Akerstedt bucked large saws through the biggest tree in the Astoria watershed, logged by Crown Willamette Paper Com pany. At the butt the giant of Clat sop county's dwindling forests meas ured 13 feet. Cutting it up in seven pieces, Akerstedt was credited with a scale of 52,000 feet, three times that of ordinary trees. This overgrown yellow fir was one of the toughest ever grown. Akedstedt dashed 12 gallons of oil on his saws, the longest being 12 feet, in fighting pitch, for each cut opened a pitch seam. The city of Astoria is interested in preserving the butt log, measur ing 13 feet at the bigger end and 12 on the other, to impress future gen erations with the mighty trees their grandads brought to earth. This latest monster was laid down by Arthur Thompson and Hans Lar sen, husky Astoria fallers. The accompanying pictures show sections of the forest giant during handling by contractor Christensen who does all the hauling for CrownWillamette. His equipment is com posed of Macks, all of which have been high compressioned and are fueled with Ethyl. Whereas former ly it was necessary to grind valves every 5,000 miles, two of the trucks (Bight) Soms idea of the huge size of the trunk may be gained by compar ing its di ameter with the man standing on the truck. have gone 2 years without any work being done on them whatsoever. Christensen figures these jobs oper ate about 25,000 miles a year with most of them running in second and third gear, wide open, empty or loaded. In one of the views shown here the powerful Mack is about to get under way with a sixteen foot length of yellow fir measuring eleven feet in diameter. It scaled 10,500 feet of lumber and its weight was ap proximately 63,000 pounds which, with truck, made a total of 76,600 pounds. No small task, even for Ethyl Gasoline. JANUARY, 1939 Page five ETC 22324 Record Crowd Views International Plowing Match HE 1938 International Plough ing. As John Buchan he organized Ting Match and Farm Machin the Department of Agriculture in ery Demonstration, celebrating the Union of South Africa, and was the 25th Anniversary of the Assotheir first Minister of Agriculture. ciation and held near Barrie in Sim- Several young women were in the coe County, Ontario, October nth competition with tractors and while to 14th, will go down in history as they did not excel the men in the setting an all-time record to date various classes in which they were for number of contestants, its colos competing, the feminine contestants sal exhibit of farm machinery and proved that they could handle their for attendance. It is estimated that tractors with skill and that they approximately 130,000 people visit knew how to plough a straight fur ed the competition. row. There were several girls who His Excellency Lord Tweeds- had won honors at their local muir, Governor-General of Canada, ploughing match and they made a was an interested spectator who very creditable showing at this meet showed keen enthusiasm in the ex ing place of champions. hibits and ploughing contests. On One of the most interesting events one occasion he was seen between seen at the Match was the compe the handles of a plough, symbolic of tition in shoeing horses and in mak the interest the Royal Family have ing shoes. Several anvils and forges always taken in agriculture. The were set up in a large enclosure Governor-General is not altogether and here blacksmiths competed for unacquainted with the art of farm honors in their calling which is fast becoming a lost art in the Province of Ontario. The achievement of Massey-Harris high-compressioned tractors op erating on leaded fuel was note worthy as they won 34 out of a possible 76 tractor plow contests. The Company's exhibit was spoken of with great enthusiasm and crowds thronged around the model plow, the stoves, tractors, the combine, the power mower and the hammermill. Ethyl Gasoline Corporation's dem onstrating engine was installed in the Imperial Oil Company's booth and was operated at frequent in tervals during the four-day session. Messrs. FitzGerald, Turnely and MacEwen of Ethyl's Toronto staff were on hand and report that ex hibitors and spectators, who in many instances were viewing the demon stration for the first time, were en thusiastic over leaded gasolines. 1 -- In spite of rcdn, this day ac counted for the largest one - day attendance--ap proximately GO.- 000 Tieiton. Page six 2--One of the tent etreets showing machine exhibits at the 1938 International Plow ing Match at Minesing, On tario. Ethyl's demonstrating machine located in Imperial Oil Company's tent at extreme right. 3 -- Alex Black who won two firsts and one fourth with his Massey - Harris Twin Power Pacemaker using leaded fuel. 4 -- Imperial Oil Tent exhibit show ing Ethyl Gasoline Corporation'sdemonstrator which oper ated frequently each day during the ses sion. 5--Fair young plough girl talks with the Governor-General. While this conversation takes place. Col. J. J. Duffus, M.P.. Peter borough. standing at the right, is an interested listener. ETHYL NEWS ETC 22325 Why Not an "Artificial Heart" for Cylinder Study? ince EDICAL scientists, by knock value of the fuel. Since the fold, with its mixture heater, is Harop- M studying living tissues and rating assigned to a fuel by a given organs which are kept alive car may be determined by one in a perfusion pump (artifkincioaclking cylinder, it seems advisable bolted to the spacer, the flange normally bolted to the carburetor being attached to the spacer. A lote- heart), hope to make many new to study in the laboratory under con specially designed water - jacketed >( a discoveries about the complex chem trolled conditions the constantly manifold section is provided with ..ests. >ken istry of the human body. In similar changing pattern of operating vari two flanges, one of which is con fashion, automotive engineers can ables encountered on the road. nected to the standard C.F.R. mani wds study the simulated operation of The Ethyl Gasoline Corporation fold and the other to the standard low, any cylinder of any automobile en has attacked this problem in the C.F.R. carburetor body. . the gine, by modifying the standard following manner: Conditions sur After the fuel-air mixture leaves mill, C.F.R. single-cylinder engine. Such rounding the operation of each cyl the carburetor, it is forced to flow lem- studies to date have shown that inder of a number of cars were de down through the jacketed section 1 in operating variables can influence termined in road tests. These data of the manifold and up through the OOtll decisively the knocking tendency of included carburetor air-fuel ratios standard C.F.R. manifold before en in4on. any cylinder, and exert their influ and ignition timing, mixture tem tering the cylinder. Unvaporized ence independently of the anti peratures, air-fuel ratios and knock fuel which is not carried into the and knock value of the fuel that enters ing tendencies of the individual cyl cylinder by entrainment in the air staff ex- the gasoline tank. inders. With this information, the stream drains from the jacketed When an automobile is operated standard C.F.R. single-cylinder en section of the manifold into a grad lany on the road, it is difficult to analyze gine was modified to permit supply uated burette. The degree of fuel 1011en- the conditions which influence the ing to the cylinder various combina vaporization is controlled by the operation of any one cylinder. While tions of vaporized and unvaporized temperature of the water that enters this can be and has been done, it portions of the fuel mixed with air the manifold jacket. Any final mix f takes a great deal of time for each in the proportions found in the in ture temperature higher than that cylinder, let alone each individual dividual cylinders of the automobile existing in the jacketed manifold 1 car. Any attempt to determine such engines. may be obtained by the use of the data with a large number of cars Several types of modified mani standard C.F.R. mixture heater. of the same or different makes is folds for the C.F.R. engine shown In order that the rate of carbu a monumental task. in the figures on this page have retor fuel consumption may be Yet variations in fuel composi been used. In Figure I a short measured the standard C.F.R. in tion, air-fuel ratio, spark advance spacer bolted directly to the engine tegral float bowl and fuel container and temperature from one cylinder cylinder is fitted with a thermometer assemblies are replaced by sepa to the next may produce or suppress for the indication of mixture tem rate float bowl and fuel container a knock independently of the anti perature. A standard C.F.R. mani assemblies. Three - way cocks and (Continued on Page 12) IT v oiks 'hile ace, eter.ght WS I Fig. 1. Special intake manifold for the Fig. 2. A second type of special manifold Fig. 3. This third type of manifold permits C. F. R. engine designed to permit a study which effects a more complete separation the use of any final mixture temperature under controlled conditions of the effects of liquid fuel from the air-fuel mixture than higher than approximately 175 degrees F.# on knocking caused by variations of fuel the design in Figure 1, although it does effects as good separation of vaporized distribution in the multicylinder engine. not permit high final mixture temperatures and liquid fuel as the manifold shown in tinder conditions of partial vaporization. Figure 2, and requires no surge chamber. t JANUARY, 1939 I Pageseven l ETC 22326 You Can Help the FBI //\ \ / /E are engaged in a con\ X / stant war against crim* inals and every person should be vitally interested in the progress of this war. All of us are potential victims of crime so long as criminals are at large," J. Edgar Hoover, Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, United States Department of Justice, re lated. "Every citizen pays either di rectly or indirectly for the damages due to the depredations of criminals, and for the cost of their apprehen sion and conviction. Consequently, looking at this problem, either from the standpoint of the personal safety of ourselves, our families and friends, or from the standpoint of what crime is actually costing the citizens of this Nation, it behooves every organization and individual to assist law enforcement agencies in every way possible." An Interview with J. Edgar Hoover by Robert W. Hogan I. Edgar Hoover, Director of Federal Bu reau of Investigation, U. S. Dept oi Justice. "Crime can be curtailed," asserts Director Hoover, "and concerted ef fort on the part of the oil and auto motive industries can be a tremen dous help to us. These two indus tries, with their sendee stations, cover the entire country like a huge net -- and many nationally known criminals have already been caught through the splendid cooperation of officials and employees of these in dustries." The Federal Bureau of Investi gation has on record 'numerous cases where service station attend ants have been robbed, beaten, or even shot down in cold blood by fu gitives from justice, or by escaped or paroled convicts. Numerous in stances are on record where service station attendants have been instru mental in the apprehension of des perate criminals, of which the Lind bergh case is perhaps the .best Though they may not realii# it, thei# mtn stand in the shadow oi the death house as they pre pare to carry out their crime. Page eight ETHYL NEWS ETC 22327 erts efitoienlus)ns, uge >wn ;ght 1 of in- stious nd- or fuped invice trulesindbest known, where the service station attendants noted the license number of Hauptmann's car, when he paid for services to his car with a gold certificate. Another case is that of Olin Clay Fogleman and James Napier, two escaped federal prisoners, who shot a service station attendant at Leaksville, North Carolina. The FBI and local authorities hunted these two men over several states. Fogleman was finally captured in Cincinnati, convicted of the murder, charged and electrocuted. Napier was later killed in a gun battle with officers at Whick, Kentucky. Two criminals, last known under the names of Norris and Cassaday, operated for several years over most of the southern states. They robbed a service station near Moore, Okla homa, and beat up the attendant. They later abandoned the stolen car in which they were traveling, and the Technical Laboratory of the Federal Bureau of Investigation se cured valuable evidence in the form of latent fingerprints on magazines In his efforts to protect his em ployers' property the watchman is often a victim of the gang ster's gun and murder is added to the crime. i. WS JANUARY, 1939 mA - It is sometimes an easy matter to bind and gag the old and trusted employe of the institution which is to fall a prey to the gang. left in the car. Later, while these men were robbing a service station in North Little Rock, Arkansas, the attendant made it a point to remember their license number. This information led to their arrest and, together with the fingerprint identi fications made by the FBI, brought about their conviction on the charge of armed robbery of the service sta tion at Moore, Oklahoma. Some of the worst crimes are committed by paroled convicts and J. Edgar Hoover briefly outlined one of the many cases of inexcus able abuse of the parole system. A seventeen-year-old boy named Rufe Page nine ETC 22328 57B LifSc? Technician! analyzing evidence at the lab ft* oratory of the F.B.I. Fingerprint classifier making an idenUiication. Persful was convicted of murder and robbery of an aged man in Arkansas. Persful was sentenced to fifteen years in the Arkansas State Penitentiary, later became an armed trusty, then soon shot and killed a prisoner whom he claimed was es caping. Less than four years after his original sentence, Persful was paroled, two years later he shot a woman, and two years later he was apprehended and returned to the State Penitentiary as a parole viola tor. Again he was made a trusty and again he shot a convict alleged to have been escaping. During the same year he was paroled again, convicted of armed robbery, sen tenced to five years in the peniten tiary, again made a trusty, and again shot four convicts said to be attempting an escape, received his third parole, returned to prison on parole violation, and again became - a trusty. During the following year, 1933, Persful killed another pris oner, said to be escaping, and he received another parole in 1934. Later, Persful and two other crim inals robbed a store at Paragould. Arkansas, and a service station at Siloam Springs, Arkansas, from ij 1- -JSR . A portion of the fingerprint filet section of the Identification Division of the F.B.I. whero finger impressions are classified. Page ten ETHYL NEWS etc 22329 1 which they forced the service sta tion owner and his wife and sister to accompany them over into Okla homa, where the victims were re leased. A week later one of Pers ia's confederates was killed while the three were attempting to rob a service station at Leach, Oklahoma. Three days later, Persful and his remaining companion were captured by the Sheriff of Blytheville, Ar kansas, identified by the service station owner at Siloam Springs, convicted for violation of the Fed eral Kidnaping Statute, and sen tenced to twenty and fifteen years respectively, in the Federal Peni tentiary at Atlanta, Georgia. Today practically all criminals use automobiles to travel across the country, and the people who service these cars can assist in their capture and in protecting themselves and others from their further acts of murder, cruelty, and robbery, by the following means: Tracer bullets being fired from machine guns on the range in the basement of the Department of Iustiee Building, Quick gun play is often demanded of the Bureau's special agents. maintains a file designated as the 1-- When bills of unusually large "Monicker File," which has been denomination are offered in pay of frequent help in tracing criminals ment, note the number of the bill who go by nicknames among their itself, particularly after a kidnaping associates. or a nearby bank robbery. 3--In the event extra license 2-- When you are suspicious of plates, guns, sirens, or special smoke a party, note the nicknames used, screen attachments are seen in or if any. in their conversation, because on a car, this should be reported the Federal Bureau of Investigation to the local police. Exhibit room at the Technical Laboratory of the Bureau in the 17. S. Department of Justice. 4-- If a car appears to have been in a gun battle, you should pay par ticular attention so as to be able later to describe the car and its occupants, and notify the nearest law enforcement officer at once. 5-- Auto thieves often attempt to pawn accessories such as heaters, radios, and spare tires, at service stations in order to get gasoline. This should usually arouse suspi cion. 6-- Credit cards are often wrong fully used by persons who have il legally obtained possession of them. Sometimes individuals wearing uni forms and having fictitious creden tials impersonate government em ployees, often giving checks in an amount larger than the cost of ser vice on the car. It is particularly helpful in the investigation of these frauds, if the station attendant can describe the individual passing the checks. 7-- In the event service stations are burglarized, special care should be taken not to destroy any latent fingerprints which might have been left by the burglars. This is very important to experienced law en forcement officials and often com pletes the chain of evidence neces sary for ultimate solution of the case and conviction of the criminal. JANUARY, 1939 Page eleven ETC 22330 A Triumph of British Aircraft Construction reat Britain has again G acquired one of the four "ab solute" air records -- Speed, Distance in a Straight Line, Dis tance over a Closed Circuit, and Height -- by beating the World's Distance in a Straight Line Record on November 5th, 6th and 7th. Three standard Vickers Wellesley monoplane bombers, modified to carry extra fuel and oil, with single 1,010 h.p. Bristol Pegasus XXII motors, took off from a specially built runway 1,200 yards long and 50 yards wide at the R.A.F. Sta tion, Ismailia, on the Suez Canal at 03.55 hrs. Greenwich Mean Time on November 5th. No. 2 machine landed at Koepang on Timor Island, Netherlands East Indies, early No vember 7th, Nos. 1 and 3 landed at Darwin at 04.00 hrs. G.M.T. (about 13.10 hours local time) on November 7th. The distance from Ismalia to Darwin is calculated to be 7,162 miles, which beats the al leged Russian record (Moscow -- Rudolf Island -- San Francisco) of 6.306 miles by 856 miles, so whether the Russian record was ever made or not no longer matters. The three planes were high compressioned and used a leaded fuel of 100 octane value. The normal crew of two men for each plane was increased to three and it is felt that no praise can be too high for these nine young men. Sitting for two days and two nights cramped up in an aeroplane, flying for much of the time over open sea, calls for a large supply of that three-o'clock-in-themorning courage which Napoleon Bonaparte admired so much. The flyers were, however, relieved of much of the strain of such a long flight by the R.A.E. automaticpilots which were fitted in each machine. Sperry blind-flying instru ments, gyro-horizon and gyro-com pass were also used. This triple beating of the Long Distance Record -- the machine which landed at Koepang covered 6,600 miles -- is considered "emi nently satisfactory" by Great Britain as it will help to recover the prestige of the British Aircraft Industry. From "The Aeroplane" (British) THE WORLD'S RECORD COURSE. On the map the approximately straight line indicates as nearly as may he an a Mercator Projection the Great Circle course flown by the three Vickers Wellesleys. The meandermi line is the route which is now taken by the flying boats of Imperial Airways to Singapore, and of Qantas Empire Airways thence to Australia. The names which slope op from the line of the course indicate the places at which the leading aeroplane reported its position by radio. Under each name it the time at which the report was tent. nsn.c.cria'iiMnj, "Artificial Heart' (Continued from page 7) graduated glass bulbs permit the volumetric measurement of fuel en tering the carburetor. An air-condi tioning unit maintains carburetor air at constant temperatures and humidity and provides for air meas urement by means of a round edge orifice. The arrangement shown in Fig ure 2 has been found to effect a more complete separation of liquid fuel from the mixture of air and vapor ized fuel. It is impossible, however, to obtain with this manifold a final mixture temperature higher than that of the liquid in the jacket under conditions of partial vaporization of fuel in the manifold. The manifold shown in Figure permits the use of any desired final mixture temperatures higher than approximately 200 degrees F., ef fects as good separation of vapor ized and liquid fuel as the manifold shown in Figure 2 and requires no surge chamber. Another set-up is under study in the laboratories of the Ethyl Gaso line Corporation, who have had this problem of fuel distribution and its effect on anti-knock values under study for years. Page twelve ETHYL NEWS ETC 22331 Humpty Dumpty. Old Mother Goose. Santa Claus Parade Thrills Toronto Youngsters AGERLY looked forward to by it now possesses the affectionate re E the younger generation, and gard of the entire population of the by lots of grown-ups, too, the city. annual parade of Santa Claus offi Various features of novel interest cially opened the Christmas season have been incorporated in this pa in Toronto on Saturday, November rade from time to time. Now there 19th. are bands and clowns, and floats Inaugurated many years ago, the with tableaux groups illustrating first parade was, compared to pres well-known nursery rhymes. Chil ent-day occasions, a modest affair. dren stare in wild-eyed wonder at It started from the railway station the spectacle; some of the younger where Santa had arrived by train ones may be just a little awed by and the journey was not just the the proportions their favorite bed triumphal event anticipated, due to time story character has attained the accuracy of the boys who saw but they get a real thrill out of it. it as an opportunity to prove their One year real reindeer accom skill as snowball throwers. panied Santa Claus but the uncer However, the parade survived the tainty of snowfall for the occasion type of reception so often accorded makes it necessary to provide innovations and year by year in wheeled transport. This year, for creased in splendor and appeal and the first time in its history, the floats were pulled by tractors -- Massey-Harris 101 Tractors of which eleven were required. Perhaps nothing better illustrates the tremendous advance in tractor engineering than the fact that Mas sey-Harris id's were desirable for the Santa Claus parade. Their de sign and striking appearance gave a touch of distinctiveness that was most pleasing. No doubt many of the spectators had never seen a tractor before and therefore could not appreciate the contrast between the tractor of today and that of a few years ago. Quietly and smoothly the eleven tractors conveyed the Santa Claus parade floats through miles of crowded city streets under the aweinspired gaze of the thousands of kiddies. ETHYL NEWS Page thirteen ETC 22332 Head of National Auto Dealers Becomes Etfiyl-Minded HE accompanying pictures tell Ta story of how the President of the National Automobile Deal ers Association became an enthusi astic Ethyl booster. On November 22nd a meeting at the Ethyl Clinic, located in Shreveport, La., was arranged for the Roby Motors Co., Plymoutli and DeSoto distributors in that city, of which Mr. J. W. Roby is owner. This gentleman also enjoys the dis tinction as stated above, of being President of the National Associ ation. Up to the time he visited the Clinic he had been using a nonleaded gasoline but he became so impressed with the operation of his cars on Ethyl, when tuned for peak performance, that he gave instruc tions to members of his organization to use Ethyl in all demonstration and used cars. In addition he went one step further and had an Ethyl pump in stalled in his garage as may be seen in the picture shown at lower left. In the vein just above, note Mr. Roby, in center of the group, ex hibits very evident interest as Stuart Forbes of the Ethyl Clinic demon strates the difference between the three grades of gasoline. Louisville Tunes Up for Top Performance VER since the Louisville Ray- ed on the dynamometer but to no E bestos Company installed its less degree was the necessity for Bendix-Feragen chassis dyna good fuel illustrated. As a result of mometer Ethyl's Dayton Divisiotnhis work service stations are recom engineers have worked closely with mending tune-up and Ethyl Gaso this concern acquainting their auto line with Mr. Eggenspiller getting motive and petroleum customers a large portion of the mechanical with its possibilities. Mr. F. X. work. Evidence of his sincerity and Eggenspiller, the proprietor, special izes in all kinds of automotive main tenance and repair using the latest scientific equipment, the most re cent addition to which is the dyna mometer. As a result of such a pro gram Mr. Eggenspiller's shop is known as Safety Corner. In order to secure the greatest benefit possible from the installa tion, members of the Division have conducted meetings at Safety Cor ner, with the cooperation of Mr. Eggenspiller and his staff, for all large oil and automotive companies in Louisville. At each of these meet ings the importance of proper motor tune-up was effectively demonstrat belief in the program is shown by the fact that he has prominently displayed on his dynamometer an attractive sign headed by an Ethyl insignia telling of the importance of good fuel in proper motor tuneup. Mr. Eggenspiller and his men recommend Ethyl Gasoline because it permits them to tune motors properly for top performance. This is illustrated in the accompanying photograph along with a general view of the installation. Page fourteen ETHYL NEWS ETC 22333 j This ad appeared on 350 Checker and Yellow Cabs in the City of Milwaukee to promote tho sale of the Wadhams Com pany's Ethyl Gasoline. It was estimated that the weekly mileage covered by the cabs was about 280.000 as each cab av eraged approximately 800 miles per week. '3s in*en ft. Er, xirt nhe bv dy an lyl ice leen lse irs lis ;*al 4 1 "Ayrbrook Ethyl," a white sow owned by ]. E. Nobbs of Ayrbrook Farm. Aldgate (Australia), produced a litter of 25 piglets and thereby created a record, at least for Southern Australia. Some weeks ago when this report reached us twenty of the squealers were still living and doing well. Most of them will be seen in this picture. The mother pig was not christened because of her good performance alone but from the fact that her owner who is the leading caterer in Adelaide has for sometime provided the refreshments at the Ethyl Clinics held there. Mr. Nobbs. aside from conducting a catering business, is one of the most influential and wealthiest business men of the district and controls restaurants and movie thea tres. He has become very much interested in the work that the Clinic is doing which accounts for his selection of a name for his prise sow. TIME MARCHES ON Old drum blending plant of Standard Oil Company at Charleston, S. C.. recently - abandoned in favor of a new one. JANUARY, 1939 The new plant epic and span in every re spect where drums can be handled effi ciently and safely. This Texaco Service Station Inspection Car was tuned for Ethyl and best perform ance for its tour of Minnesota and Wis consin at Ethyl's No. 9 Clinic in Minneap olis, Minnesota. Perfect running condition is necessary for the car's long trip on the inspection of Texaco Dealers' Service Station Rest Rooms as part of a nationwide program being carried on by that Company to assure traveling motorists and their families clean, well equipped rest rooms at all registered dealers. Following the car check-up. a large group of Texaco dealers and officials from the Minneapolis division attended an ex clusive showing at the Clinic. Page fifteen ETC 22334 Historic "Cow Path" in Chicago's Loop N 1833, one Willard Jones migrat I ed to that portion of the "Wild West" known as Chicago, and, going to the outskirts of town, pur chased for $200 a plot of ground. This land is now practically the center of Chicago's Loop district. On the property he erected his house and barn and settled down. To insure himself and family of a plentiful supply of fresh dairy prod Every 10 often descendants oi Mrs. O'Leary's cow lend color to a celebration commemorating Chicago's old "Cow Path." ucts he bought a cow which he pastured at the rear of his property. Daily he drove his "herd" to and from this pasture, going always along the property line, until within a short time he had established a place of business. stands on the site of the old pasture. well beaten track. In 1926 the 100 West Monroe There have been, however, only In 1834, however, neighbors be Corporation was formed and took four cows and a calf over this cost gan crowding Mr. Jones and offers over the property for the purpose ly "cow path" in more than half came for portions of his property, of erecting an office building. Going a century. In 1932 as a feature of so he divided it into plots suitable into court on the matter they se the opening of the livestock exposi for a family and one by one sold cured the air rights over the strip tion, a cow and calf were transport these off. In each case, however, of land and in 1928 they erected a ed to the downtown area and led he made a stipulation, which at the 22-story building on the site but down the path much to the delight time did not seem unreasonable-- were obliged to leave the alley of spectators, some of whom may that he reserved the right, for him open. The construction of the build never have seen such an animal be self and future owners, to use the ing, with floors from 2 to 22 over fore. Then again in 1934 three more cow-path extending to the pasture. the alley necessitated the use of a cows were put through their paces This privilege was also granted to cantilever type construction, and it on the concrete in connection with all purchasers of individual strips-- is estimated that this increased the the Brookfield exhibit at the World's and to make sure that it would cost of the building by approximately Fair. stick, he took the precaution of writ- $200,000. Thus today the path has It may be of interest to note that ting it into the deeds in such a way become a tunnel 10 feet wide by the areaway occupied by this glori that it would carry on in perpetuity. 18 feet high and 177 feet long. It fied cow-trail is valued at approxi As the city of Chicago began is entered from Monroe Street by mately $177,000 and the building growing around this district, cows swinging doors and leads to the estimates that the annual loss of became scarce in the neighborhood rear of the building where it ends, rental is in the neighborhood of and later, after the Chicago fire not in the lush green meadow where $12,500. for which Mrs. O'Leary's cow re Mr. Jones pastured his cows, but In 1937 a bronze plaque was ceived the blame, the city council against the wall of the Chicago erected over the entrance of the passed an ordinance forbidding cows Board of Trade Building which alley to mark the historic spot. the use of the streets but as right of way for the "cow path" was written into the deeds, it could not be affected by the new decree. SERVICE AWARDS 5 Year 10 Year 15 Year In 1900, the Hamilton Club erect ed a building on the site of Mr. Jones' holdings, after collecting titles to all of the property involved, but because of the clause in the deed they were obliged to leave the strip occupied by the "cow path" clear. For a time a peanut vendor's stand stood at the entrance to this alley, but any cow which happened along could have forced him to move his 1936 ----------------------- ------- 193 39 -- 1937 ~-- ................... 37 18 -- 1938 ................--.. ..... 38 21 5 The following Service Awards Have Been Made as of January L 1939 TEN YEARS C. F. Goodwin--------------------------------------------- Detroit Engineering Frank T. Shartle-------------------------------------- Detroit Engineering FIVE YEARS Gerald Forsdick------------------------------------- ..._________ General Sales Page sixteen ETHYL NEWS ETC 22335 NEWSBRIEFS Eva Leinow, a newcomer to the Stenograph ic Department, attended Lincoln High School in Los Angeles, American Insti tute of Banking and Spanish Academy of Language in Los Angeles. Her business ex perience includes association with Standard Oil Company of California, California Lands, Inc., and California Bank. She recently resigned her position with Standard in order to make New York her permanent home. .Eva lives in Brooklyn with her family. iii Ralph W. Hutchinson, a newcomer to the Administration Department, is a graduate of Rider College where he was awarded the de gree of Bache lor of Accounts. Prior to join ing the Ethyl family Ralph was associated with the Chev rolet Motor Division of General Motors in North Tarrytown, N. Y. He is mar ried and lives in Weehawken, N. J. His favorite form of amusement is bowling. Ill CONGRATULATIONS. Mr. and Mrs. George Rick on the arrival of your first offspring on December 3rd. Little Miss Carla Marie arrived at the Methodist Episcopal Hospital in Brooklyn weighing 5 pounds ounces. And we, in the New Y'ork office, extend our hearty thanks to you. Poppa Rick, for the swell seeegars and generous supply of candy. iii Re gin a D. Gilligan, a re cent addition to the Administra tion Department, will serve in the capacity of Lou Volz's Sec retary. Regina graduated from the Mercy Ju nior College, < / Brooklyn, Class of 1936 and be fore coming to Ethyl, was in the insurance business. She lives in Lyn- brook, L. I., and her pet form of recre ation is swimming. We welcome to the Manu facturing De partment, Joseph H. Fulmer who joined the Cor poration in Oc tober. Joe graduated from Bucknell Uni versity in 1923 with a B.S. de gree in chemi cal engineering. For 8'/i years he was in charge oi the Pentane Chlorination Department of the Sharpies Solvents Corporation at Belle, West Virginia and Wyandotte, Michigan. He has also been associated with the Acheson Colloids Corporation at Port Huron, Michigan. Joe is married and has no children. He is acting in a technical capacity at the new Ethyl Chloride Plant at Baton Rouge. iii The Detroit Chemical Re search Depart ment welcomes George William Thomson to its midst. George, a native of Glas gow, Scotland, first became as sociated with the Ethyl Gasoline Corporation in 1934 when he worked as lab oratory assistant while attending Lawrence Institute of Technology. In 1937 he received his B.S.E. in Chemical Engineering and B.S.E. in Mathematics at the University of Michigan which give him a pretty good background for his work in engineer ing calculations and general research in our Detroit Laboratories. George is un married. His favorite form of recreation is hiking, and he is Assistant Leader of one of the Detroit News Hiking Units. Congratulations and best wishes to Mr. and Mrs. Charles O'Donnell. Mrs. O'Don nell is the former Florence Mistretto of the Administration Department. The wed ding took place on Thanksgiving Day at St. Bonaventure's Church in St. Al bans, Long Island, and was followed by a reception at the home of the bride's parents, Mr. and Mrs. Frank Mistretto, Jamaica, Long Island. The young couple spent their honeymoon at Buck Hill Falls and are making their home in Sunnyside, Long Island. iii From the Tulsa Division comes the following telegram: "THE STORK WAITS FOR NO MAN, ITINERARY TEMPORARILY CANCELLED" Upon investigation we find that on November 1st Mr. and Mrs. Lynn M. Phillips were presented with a daughter, Sylvia Anne, who weighed almost nine pounds. Lynn, who joined the company last August is our San Antonio repre sentative. We extend our rather belated, but none the less hearty, congratulations to the proud parents. iii A new member of the "Ethyl Infan try" arrived in Kankakee, Illinois, on November 3rd -- Master Robert Arthur Roberts. He is the son of Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Roberts and boasts a birthweight of seven and three-quarter pounds. Art, who hails from Denver, Colorado, joined the Chicago Division in May, 1938. He tells us that since Robert Roberts wasn't twins they had to double up on the name in order to "keep up with the Joneses" or perhaps they mean Murphys and Mar tins. We send our hearty congratulations to Mr. and Mrs. Roberts. iii Viola D. Wells, who has been associ ated with the Accounting Department quite a few months, is an alumna of Ohio State College. She is the widow of the late Russell D. Wells, a former employee of the Corporation. Viola makes her home in New York City. IN THIS ISSUE Ethyl Goes on the Air Army to Hold Series of Meetings at Ethyl Clinic in Washington Forest Giant Falls Near Astoria, Oregon Record Crowd Views Internation al Plowing Match Why Not an "Artificial Heart" for Cylinder Study? You Can Help the FBI A Triumph of British Aircraft Construction Santa Claus Parade Thrills To ronto Youngsters Head of National Auto Dealers Becomes Ethyl-Minded Louisville Tunes for Top Perform ance Historic "Cow Path" in Chicago's Loop Service Awards Newsbriefs JANUARY, 1939 Page seventeen ETC 22336 "Reckon I put tew much volatility in thet batch!" here'S nothing as dramatic as fuming and obnoxious exhaust odors. Tan exploding moonshine still to When gasoline has too manyhighly tell you that the gasoline you use involatile fractions, it causes vaporlock your trucks or buses is too volatile or and poor mileage, the latter due to not volatile enough. There is plenty excessive evaporation from gas tank ofpractical evidence in the way those and carburetor vents. trucks and buses run. How can you be sure of avoiding When gasoline does not have both these extremes? By buying gas enough volatile fractions, or light oline with-balanced volatility-- ends, it shows up in slow starting and enough light ends or fractions for repeated choking, resulting in crank quick, easy starting, and enough me case oil dilution and poor mileage. dium and heavy ends to supply the The superabundance of heavy ends power for sustained economical oper in such gasoline also contributes to ation. The best way to be sure of getting this kind of gasoline is to buy from a reputable oil refiner or mar keter. When you do, you'll usually find other advantages in the same gasoline--correct vapor pressure, low gumcontentandhigh anti-knockvalue. If you have any questions on bus or truck fuels and their specifications or characteristics, write or get in touch with the Ethyl Gasoline Cor poration, Chrysler Building, New York, N. Y., manufacturers of anti knock fluids used by oil companies to improve gasolines. VOLATILITY should be balanced, for full power and best economy. VAPOR PRESSURE should be adjusted to meet op* erating conditions. GUM CONTENT should not exceed M of a gram (4small drops) per gallon. ANTI-KNOCK VALUE should be high, of at least 68 octane number. THE BETTER THE GASOLINE THE BETTER THE PERFORMANCE ETC 22337 FEBRUARY 1939 E \ ETC 22338 E Praise is a funny thing. Very few receive it, very few give it, yet all of us are look ing for it and expecting it. Remember when you first went to school, how the teacher occasionally patted you on the back and told you how well you were doing? Made you feel real good and you worked diligently and were sorta looking for another little pat. When you were further along in school you did your best but the pats on the back were scarce and you wondered if your effort really paid. No one said so. Then you tried harder and worked and worked, but thoughts of praise seldom materialized. You wondered if your effort was worthwhile. Today, when some one from the office dies you make a contribution for flowers. Everyone makes highly complimentary remarks about the individual who has dropped out of the daily routine. The words of praise are as dead as the individual. They are words that should have been spoken months before in his presence. Those words of praise would have meant more to that individual than to anyone else and they were his due. Conscientious effort is always worth a word of commendation. There is no better tonic to stimulate one's energy. Let each one of us be a bit more generous with a word of praise and pat a fellow on the back for a deed well done. "'Fisher Plant Life" ETC 22339 I ETHYL GASOLINE CORPORATION CHRYSLER BUILDING NEW YORK CITY W. CARY HARRIS Editor RUSSELL B. WESTON NORTHROP CLAREY, JR. Associate Editors Correspondents J. A. COSTELLO............. F. S. CRONIN................. D. S. FLYNN.................. A R WYRTne ........ f'htrapn R. R. FALLER................ H. L NIXON.................. TART. ABFT.T................... ...Los Angeles R. L. GOLTZ.................. J. N. FITZGERALD..................Toronto H. C DEES-.................. ............. .Tulsa R. K. SCALES.........Engineering Dept. ARTHUR P. STOVER........Mfg. Dept. J. C. POPE.......Gasoline Testing Dept. E. J. NIESER...... .Administration Dept. HUBERT FOSSETT......... THE MATERIAL IN THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRINTED PROVIDED DUE CREDIT IS GIVEN THE "ETHYL NEWS" OR ETHYL GASOLINE CORPORATION UNLESS IT IS A COPYRIGHTED ARTICLE. VOL. 6, No. 2 Outlook for Automobile Trade Much Better--Large Gain in Sales Seen HE automobile industry passed out of 1938 with no regrets--a year Trecording a 47 per cent decline in production--but looks to 1939 to regain at least 25 to 30 per cent of its losses. The 1938 production of some 2,635,000 units was the poorest showing since 1933, when output dropped to 1,985,000 although even this was a gain from the bottom level of 1,434,000 in 1932. It was not until the latter part of 1938 when new models were intro duced, that real improvement in the automobile market developed. At this time, however, production rose to better than 1,000,000 units in the last quarter, against only 1,650,000 in the preceding nine months. This upward trend in sales and production continued through December and gives promise of real firmness during the winter and a revival of buying in the spring. Summarizing results during the past year and prospects for 1939, Al fred Reeves, Vice President and General Manager of Automobile Manu facturers Assn., states: "A rapid rise in automobile buying during the late Fall forecasts an output of 3,500,000 cars and trucks during 1939, automobile manu facturers believe, unless there should be reversal of the current trends of business generally. This would represent an advance of one-third over the year just closing. "Immediate public acceptance of new models at the Fall shows stimu lated production and sale of nearly 1,000,000 units in the United States and Canada, during the last three months, which comprised the first quarter of the new manufacturing year. "This represents an increase of 194 per cent from the quarter preceding and it is within 7 per cent of the final quarter in the calendar year of 1937, that having been the second highest year in automobile history. "The Automobile Manufacturers Association estimates the wholesale valuation of the 1938 output at $1,616,000,000. This includes 2,110,000 passenger cars, valued at $1,283,000,000 and 525,000 trucks at a whole sale value of $333,000,000. "Parts, accessories, service equipment and replacements of parts and tires were manufactured to the estimated value of $980,000,000 during the year. Thus the total value of new vehicles, tributary products and manufactured replacements for the year 1938 amounted to $2,596,000,000. This was nearly 41 per cent below the corresponding figures for 1937. (Continued on page 5) IN THIS ISSUE Outlook for Automobile Trade MUCH BETTER -- LARGE GAIN IN Sales Seen New York City and World's Fair Prepare for Millions Petroleum Industry Exhibition's Directors View.Fair Progress Make Way for Old Dobbin S. O. Sales program in north Carolina Nets Gain Ethyl Entertains Western Penn sylvania Refiners "Tune-Up Time" Off to a Flying Start Fabric Fuel Tank Developed for Aircraft Nebraska Capital City Welcomes Ethyl Motor Clinic You May Have a "Sick" Cylinder in Your Car Oil Company Executives Meet at Clinic Preview in New Orleans Personnel Changes in gasoline Testing Department Newsbriefs Index to "Ethyl News" 1938 Service Awards ETC 22340 New York City and World s Fair Prepare for Millions AS RECENTLY reported by AA President Grover A. Whalen / \of the Fair Corporation, less than 10% of the New York World's Fair 1939 remains to be built. With some 10 weeks still to go before the opening on April 30th, the $155,000,000 exposition is still ahead of schedule, Mr. Whalen de clared. "This harbinger of `peace and progress in the World of Tomor row,' " he said, "will open on the 150'th anniversary of George Wash ington's inauguration on the bal cony of Federal Hall at Broad and Wall Streets in New York." With work on the 1,216^ acre Fair grounds 90% completed, the Fair Corporation itself has virtually wound up its construction program and is now in the "clean up and polish" stage. Exhibit buildings have been embellished with murals, stat uary and all the colors of the rain bow; startling lighting effects have been realized; 10,000 trees and 2,000,000 other plants are in the ground, and the famed Trylon and Perisphere have shed their scaffold ing and are being prepared within for the dramatic theme exhibit of "Democracity." On avenues radiating from this theme center some 1,400 leading in dustrial, commercial and profes sional organizations are setting up their exhibits--exhibits which in their entirety and aside from their educational aspects, promise to rival the Amusement Area as entertain ment attractions. Novel exhibits in course of prep aration include: a working model of a rocket gun, the largest model ETC 22341 V : ithin t of this ; infes up in heir ival ain- repjdel >del > 'S railroad ever built; puppet manu facture of automobiles; a block-long diorama of New York; a half-mile auto ride--in a building; creation of artificial lighting; animated char acters from "Alice in Wonder land"; a full-scale street intersec tion of the World of Tomorrow, and a perfume fountain. In the Government Zone sixtythree nations, including the United States, are seeking to outdistance each other in speed of construction and in lavish outpourings of mil lions of dollars for displays. "Around the world in 80 minutes" promises to be the slogan of this ioo-acre zone, while a further trip around this country will be provided by exhibits of 34 states concentrated for the most part in the Court of States. The 280-acre Amusement area has begun to mushroom up, with twenty-five concessions already bur geoning in steel, timber, lath and plaster and fifty others about to be launched. Here is to be found a 250-foot Parachute Jump, rides of every known variety, novel shows and walk-thrus, cabarets and night clubs, spectacles and a dozen vil lages ranging from a Children's World to Merrie England. Operating staffs are already pre paring for a million visitors on opening day and averages of 300,000 daily thereafter. Outside surveys in dicate the Fair is too conservative in estimating total attendance at only 60,000,000. The accompanying illustration is the first official painting of the Fair as it will appear at the open ing. Beyond the colorful structures of this "metropolis of a New Day" rise the slender spires of the host city, New York. From the Execu tive offices of the Ethyl Gasoline Corporation in the tower of the Chrysler Building (top center), the Fair grounds are clearly visible. The picture shows the major arterial, subway, railroad and other lines which tie the Fair to the main land. At the extreme upper right is the Whitestone Bridge route from New England to Canada; next in order come the Flushing Bay boat piers, North Beach Air port and Grand Central Parkway Extension to the Triborough Bridge. Paralleling this side of the grounds are the tracks of the Long Island Railroad and the I.R.T. - B.M.T. subways, while the Fair station of the Independent Subway may be seen at bottom center just left of World's Fair Boulevard, which bi sects grounds and connects directly with the Queensborough Bridge. Other main arteries lead to Wil liamsburg, Manhattan and Brooklyn Bridges. The Main Exhibit Area of the Fair lies north of World's Fair Boulevard with buildings and dis plays of 1,400 exhibitors on treeshaded avenues radiating in rain bow colors from the pure white Perisphere and Trylon. Extending diagonally to the lower right from this Theme Center is the richly em bellished Constitution Mall leading to the fountain-studded Lagoon of Nations and Government Zone where the twin-towered Federal Building and exhibits of 62 nations center on the 7-acre Court of Peace. Between the Lagoon and Boulevard rises the 12-acre Court of States group, housing displays of most of the 35 exhibiting commonwealths. South of the Boulevard lies the Amusement Area, its quaint vil lages, gay restaurants, thrilling rides and shows fronting on Fountain Lake, the scene of nightly fire and water shows. FEBRUARY, 1939 Page three TC 22342 1r j Petroleum Industry Exhibition's Directors View Fair Progress RECEDING the semi-annual efforts which the petroleum indus Joseph Losey, director of the P meeting of the Board of Di try is putting forth and for the en rectors of the Petroleum In tire Fair. Construction activities, lie dustry Exhibition, Inc., on Decemsaid, were ahead of schedule, and technicolor sound film being made for the petroleum exhibit, reported that work was progressing favor ber 12th, fifty-eight executives of such great interest in the Fair has ably. He expressed the opinion the oil industry made a tour of been aroused that the original es that the story, color, music and inspection of the New York World's timate of an expected attendance of novelty of this unique puppet film Fair grounds. 50.000. 000 has now been raised to were such as to assure its enthusi Included in the party were the 65.000. 000. astic reception in commercial thea Petroleum Industry Exhibition's T. H. Taylor, of Standard Oil tres throughout the country, should fifteen directors, as well as sales of New Jersey, president of the Pe it be decided to distribute it gen managers, advertising managers and troleum Industry Exhibition Corpo erally after the closing of the Fair. sales promotion executives of the ration, was chairman of the meet Petroleum Industry Exhibition fifteen companies sponsoring the ing. He outlined the origin of the directors present at the meeting petroleum industry's exhibit at the petroleum project and introduced a were: T. H. Taylor, Assistant to World's Fair. The tour included a number of the persons now respon President, Standard Oil Co. of New bus trip through the grounds and sible for carrying it out, including Jersey, D. T. Pierce, Sinclair Re a closer inspection of the giant, S. F. Voorhees, chairman of the fining Company, and E. E. Puryear, triangular petroleum building in the Board of Design of the New York The Texas Co., of the exhibition "Blue Section" of the Fair. Inside World's Fair and senior member corporation's executive committee; the partially completed building an of Voorhees, Gmelin & Walker, ar H. D. Frueauff, Cities Service Oil explanation was given of the final chitects of the Petroleum Building. Co.; B. B. Jennings, The Socony- form it is to take, after which the The extensive program for pub Vacuum Oil Co., Inc.; R. R. Grif oil men went up to the roof for licizing the Petroleum Industry Ex fin, Shell Union Oil Corp.; C. H. a long-range view of the grounds. hibition was sketched in a number Hathaway, Gulf Oil Corp.; W. C. At the luncheon preceding the of talks and illustrations were given Burns, The Richfield Oil Corp. of board meeting, Grover Whalen, of the considerable volume of pub N. Y.; R. E. Wilson, The Amer president of the World's Fair, spoke licity already received. Particular ican Oil Co.; W. C. Pew, Sun Oil of the high motives which had actu interest has been aroused by a Co.; H. B. Stone, The Atlantic Re ated the industry in all its Fair full-page picture spread in the Sun fining Co.; J. Coard Taylor, Ethyl activities, pointing out that the in day Rotogravure Section of the New Gasoline Corp.; L. S. Westcoat, The terests of the industry as a whole, York Herald-Tribune. Three of the Pure Oil Co.; S. W. Candee, Tide not of individual companies, had murals to be hung in the Petroleum Water Associated Oil Co.; and always been placed first. He pre Building have been completed and K. S. Adams, Phillips Petroleum dicted outstanding success for the work on the fourth is under way. Co. Grover Whalen, President of the Hew York World's Fair Corporation, addresses the semi-annual luncheon meeting of the members of the Petroleum Industry Exhibition Board of Directors held at the Terrace Club. Wee Pres. J. Coard Taylor, of the Ethyl Gasoline Corp., is seated second from left at speakers' table. Page four ETHYL NEWS ETC 22343 Make Way for Old Dobbin ASKATCHEWAN snowmo biles as a "menace" to the horse-drawn vehicles of rural residents came in for considerable discussion at a session of the rural municipality convention in Regina recently. "The snowmobile is a great thing for getting around in during winter months--but when it begins forcing horse-drawn vehicles from rural roads, it is high time regulations be enforced to protect old Dobbin," delegates decided. They therefore passed a resolution asking the Sas katchewan Government to pass leg islation to safeguard the horsedrawn vehicle from the menace. What next? Meanwhile the factory of R. J. Fudge in Moosomin, Saskatchewan, now in its seventh year, continues to supply the ever-increasing mar ket for their Snow-sedan. Tin's ve hicle. although not uncommon in the Dominion, is rather a rarity in the States. The current model is a remarkable improvement over the machines of previous years, the body being completely streamlined, equipped with two doors and so arranged that one has vision prac tically on all sides. Four runners are used, the distance between be ing the width of sleigh tracks and fuel consumption is reduced varying from io to 15 miles per gallon ac cording to the surface traveled over. The runners are made of hickory, shod with steel and attached in a manner which prevents side-sway. These machines operate without difficulty under almost any condi tions. Speed will, of course, vary ac cording to tractability. With soft, heavy snow and having to make a new track, 25 m.p.h. with open throttle is the limit but with a good, hard sleigh track 40 to 50 m.p.h. is a eomfortahle speed. The pitch of the propeller is something to which a great deal of time and study has been given and great improve ments have been made in those installed on the latest models. It is the manufacturer's own design and in the event that an owner has the misfortune to break one he may have a new one shipped from stock at short notice as all propellers are interchangeable. The snow-sedan has seating ca pacity for four. The steering is on the same principle as an automobile and the brake is operated by the foot controlled steel prongs which dig into the snow. It is equipped with both hand and foot accelerator, head light, green and red lights on propeller guard and the weight is approximately 800 pounds. These jobs are powered with a Ford motor and therefore require a lead treated gasoline. They can operate on a leaded regular but for best performance require Ethyl. Somewhat out of its element, the Snowmobile poses for its picture with a late model streamlined hood. Outlook for Automobile Trade Much Better -- Large Gain in Sales Seen (Continued from page 1) "Foreign trade constitutes a sub stantial proportion of the market for American cars and trucks. In the year just closed it accounted for the extraordinarily high propor tion of almost one vehicle in every five being sold outside the United States. "The 492,000 motor vehicles sold abroad during the year, together with parts and tires exported from the United States and Canada, were valued at $286,340,000. "Highway travel and transporta tion of goods continue to increase in all parts of the world. World registrations of motor vehicles now number 42,900,000, according to the latest estimate of which 68 per cent, or 29,400,000 vehicles are reg istered within the confines of the United States. Of the latter total, 25.150.000 are passenger cars and 4.250.000 commercial vehicles. --From Oil Marketer FEBRUARY, 1939 Page five ETC 22344 S. O. Sales Program in North Carolina Nets Gain ACK in September of 1938, the a series of large sales meetings, B Standard Oil Co. of N. J., twenty in all, were held throughout North Carolina Division, de the state, each meeting being cli cided on a sales campaign for thme axed by a dinner. At these gath purpose of increasing their Esso erings Ethyl's two moving pictures, gallonage during the balance of the "All the Answers" and "A Better year. Accordingly, a meeting was Run for Your Money" were shown held for all the North Carolina offi coupled with a talk delivered by cials at which Esso sales promo Mr. R. T. Hammett, Standard Oil's tion ideas and suggestions were merchandising manager for North discussed. The outcome of this meet Carolina. In his talk Mr. Hammett ing resulted in a campaign to be discussed the technical qualities of carried out over the entire state Esso and methods of increasing beginning October 1st and lasting sales of the product. Practically throughout the month of December. every key dealer in North Carolina The main feature of this program was present and enthusiasm ran was the offering of prizes to. all high. Needless to say, much valu Esso dealers in North Carolina able information was gained by all. who increased their gallonage for The Standard Oil Company, how the combined months of October, ever, did not stop here but in November and December over the addition, designed and delivered same period of 1937, by 100% or approximately five hundred Esso more. In this way every dealer was window displays which were carried in a position to win a prize, since in station windows for a period of he was not competing with other two months or more. Esso dealers but was endeavoring to At the conclusion of the campaign, better his own record of a year ago. many prizes were earned by dealers In addition to this prize competition all over the state. Each station had been advised in September what gallonage it must sell in order to be eligible for a prize. Although in a number of instances the full 100% increase was not obtained, in every case a substantial increase was shown. All dealer stations, excluding company owned stations, showed an increase for the period of 59%, and even more gratifying was the fact that approximately 100 that did not handle Esso prior to Octo ber are now doing so. At the beginning of the campaign it was decided by the North Caro lina officials to put all of their company owned passenger car equip ment and their late model trucks on Esso. On top of this, every employee was quite strongly urged to use Esso in his personal car. Since the results were so satis factory, Standard will continue this sales promotion work through 1939 in one way or another in their efforts to double the 1937 Esso sales. The photograph ahor* shows the Tory elaborate display which was set up especially ior the Champion Spark Plug Company meeting, during showing oi the Ethyl Motor Clinic In Cincinnati, Ohio. This exhibit was approximately 23 feet long and incorpo rated the complete ceramic story of a spark plug insulator to gether with innumerable cut-away models clearly showing the component parts oi a Champion plug and illustrating just what is meant by "hot" and "cold" plugs. The display attracted a great deal oi attention and greatly iacilitated the answering oi questions which were asked by individuals born the audience. Page six ETHYL NEWS ETC 22345 Ethyl Entertains Western Pennsylvania Refiners HIS year we were very for following attendance list totaling 42 Ttunate in being able to arrange people: our annual Western Pennsyl Continental Refining Co.: Messrs. vania Refiners' Dinner in combinaW . J. Anderton, Receiver & Gen'l tion with a Preview Clinic Meeting Mgr.; C. H. Thomas, Sales Mgr,; at Clinic No. 4 which had just I. L. Klein, Ref. Supt. Kendall Re opened in Oil City, Pennsylvania. fining Co.: Messrs. W. T. Moffat, The meeting and dinner, held on Adv. Mgr.; R. B. Keck, Gasoline Thursday, January 5th, was attend Sales Mgr.; E. E. Bown, Ref. Supt. ed by a very representative group Pennsylvania Oil Products Refining of our customer company execu Co.: Messrs. M. F. Cowden, Pres.; tives from Bradford to Butler, H. S. Hayden, Sales Mgr.; G. E. Pennsylvania. Cowden, Vice Pres. Pennsylvania The Clinic meeting preceded the Refining Co.: Messrs. John A. Beck, dinner. R. C. Murphy, Ethyl's New Pres.; Paul R. Beck, Secretary & York Division Manager, welcomed Treasurer; A. C. Moser, Ref. Supt.; our guests after which M. P. Mur W. Kennedy; C. A. Sherwin, Chief dock, Clinic Manager, presented the Chemist. program. Pcnnzoil Co.: Messrs. C. L. Suhr, During the dinner, held at the Chairman of Board; W. S. Zehrung, Wanango Country Club, H. W. Pres.; D. S. Grant, Asst, to Pres.; Kaley and Paul McElroy, our Sales R. A. Browne, Secy. & Sales Mgr.; and Advertising Managers respec M. A. Brewster, V. P. & Treas.; tively, spoke about our plans for W. R. Birkmayr, Mgr. Gasoline this year. We also presented our Sales; E. E. Bellan, Asst. Mgr. films "Guilty or Not Guilty" and Gasoline Sales; D. J. Harvey, Ref. "All the Answers." Supt. Quaker State Oil Refining These annual meetings for our Corp.: Messrs. S. Messer, V. P.; Western Pennsylvania Refining cus L. J. Forker, Purchasing Agent. tomers seem to be increasing in Sterling Oil Div. of Quaker State: popularity as is evidenced by the Messrs. G. B. Hunter, Gen'l Mgr.; R. S. Newton, Sales Mgr.; A. L. Weller, Asst. Sales Mgr.; A. H. Shorts, Sales Promotion; N. R. Watts, Merchandising; E. E. Ebner, Charge of Refineries. James B. Berry Sons Co.: Messrs. H. E. Shoemaker, Ref. Supt.; Paul Beary, Asst. Ref. Supt. Bradford Pennsylvania Refining Corp.: Mr. A. D. David, Gen'l Mgr;. United Refilling Co. Messrs. H. A. Schmidt, Secy.; MacLean Houston, Gen'l Supt. Ref.; H. D. Hubbs, Sales Mgr. Wolverine Em pire Refining Co.: Messrs. W. J. Daily, Sales Mgr.; A. L. Larkin, Sales Mgr. Franklin Creek Refining Corp.: Messrs. C. F. Felton, Sales Mgr.; C. H. Alsberg, Ref. Supt. Pennsylvania Grade Crude Qil Assn.: Mr. W. W. Dunlop. Oil City Derrick: Mr. John O'Donnell, Jr. In addition to those already men tioned, the following Ethyl repre sentatives were present: Messrs. Gelston Howell, 'Western Pennsyl vania Representative; H. R. TenEyck, Western New York State Representative; J. S. Krick, Safety Engineer; W. G. Ball, Jr., Clinic Automotive Engineer. FEBRUARY, 1939 Some of the Refinery Executives who attended the meeting in- specting clinic equipment A number may be identified from the attendance list. Photo courtesy "Oil City Derrick" Page seven ETC 22346  NE THOUSAND people together Walter O'Keefe as master ! sat hushed. It was fifteen of ceremonies, Andre Kostelanetz seconds before io p.m., Jan with his renowned 45-piece or uary 12th, in Columbia Broadcast chestra, and Kay Thompson with Tune-Up Time" )f ing's Studio No. One. A light her 12 Rhythm Singers, plus a blinked; a hand in the control room famous guest star each week. Lily Distinguished Guest; \.tf waved; Andre Kostelanetz snapped Pons, Metropolitan Opera soprano his baton--and "Tune-Up Time" and the wife of maestro Kostelanetz, and R :ep went on the air from 63 stations, coast to coast. This new radio show sponsored by Ethyl is assured a spot among "big" shows of the air, as it brings sang three numbers as the first guest artist. Dick Powell and Joan Blondell co-starred on the second program, with Lupe Velez and Ed ward Everett Horton the following week. Douglas Fairbanks, Jr., joined the fourth show. "Tune-Up Time" is unique as a commercial program in that it is designed to do more than sell a Life oi the party--Maeitre Kostelanetz. Paul McDroy and the petite Min Pont chuckle product. Rendering a service to the > at Walter O'Keefe's remark to the photographer. Kay Thompson, Coard Taylor and automotive and oil industries, the Harry Kaley loin in the fun. show attempts basically to "sell" the ; motoring public one great idea-- the fundamental truth that high ! grade gasoline and periodic engine tune-up by an auto service expert are essential to best motor perform ance. The obvious benefits of this program to the gasoline business in general have brought out an amazing spirit of voluntary coopera i tion. Already fifteen of Ethyl's client ) i i Page eight "And o until next Thursday night. . . ." The " studio clock reads 10:45 as Dan Seymour (at ex- 1< treme right) reads his closing commercial to the t microphone. Lily Pons, in white, and husband > 1 Andre Kostelanetz, who bends over her, return the i clasped hand salute of Walter O'Keefe as he t dodges between music rack and 'cello to whisper. , * ETHYL NEWS t ETC 22347 n Tie |)ff to a Flying Start GuestslKttend Ethyl Premiere an( eption ied companies have given flieir sup port in bulletins or company maga - a zines, while several have prepared is mailing pieces and other promo a tional material urging employees and he customers to listen in. One oil com he pany even requested a number of he the "tune in" stickers to use on out-going mail. gh To accommodate the huge cast ne of performers, the stage in the rt broadcasting theatre had to be ex n- tended over the first three rows of ns seats. The premiere audience was ss highly enthusiastic, applause and m laughter threatening several times a- to run the show over its time limit. it Before t1 opening broadcast 900 people outside of the organization had written in for tickets. Requests still pour in at the rate of 50 to 75 a day. After the first show, a reception for the artists of the program was held in the South Garden on the roof of the Astor hotel. Over two hundred people attended, including an impressive group of Metropolitan Opera stars and luminaries of the concert world, as well as radio editors of New York newspapers and syndicated features, the editors of oil, automotive and radio trade journals, and a number of Ethyl and BBDO executives with their wives. So many persons distin guished in society and music were at the premiere broadcast that a society-page columnist wrote the following day: "Everything but Andre's baton was wrapped in mink 1" Edward G. Robimon takes someone for a "ride" off the screen. "Kosty" gets a goodnatured ribbing from his friends, the witty master of ceremonies and the menacing tittle Caesar who was a guest at the "after the show" reception. "Nice work, Andre." Taken from a box over looking the enlarged itoge. this picture reveals the typical informality of a itudio broadcast Kay Thompson's charming young Bhythm Singers are fust filing in at the left, under the first box, lor their share of the enthusiastic applause of the studio audience. FEBRUARY, 1939 Page nine ETC 22348 Fabric Fuel Tank Developed for Aircraft SCIENTIFIC instrument of Glenn L. Martin Company A torture which vibrates air Patents Fabric "Fuel Cell ' plane gasoline tanks more constantly and destructively tWhanhich Tests Prove More actual flying, and finally a tank Vibration-Proof Than Metal made of light-weight, treated fabric Tanks which remains leak-proof, after 700 hours of grueling vibration tests, At the end of 700 hours of com is the story of the "Mareng Fuel bined vibration and rocking--that Cell," latest contribution of the en is to say, 650 hours beyond what gineers of the Glenn L. Martin the devisers of the vibration test had Company, to increase flying safety. calculated would be the maximum An automobile gas-tank holding fifteen gallons weighs up to fortyfive pounds, empty. Such a tank uses three pounds of metal for each gallon of liquid content but in air plane construction every ounce of weight is subject to rigid censor ship. The same weight of contain ing metal in airplane practice, would be regarded as shirking the "job" if it did not hold upwards of one hundred and ten gallons of fuel. "Mareng FUEL Cell," used for testing purposes, showing loosefitting lining of treated fabric in stalled in a shell representing an interior compartment of a wing, fuselage or float Upper section: Compartment wall, showing hole left in metal by steel-jacketed rifle bullet. Lower section: fuel cell, partially removed, showing two bullet-made punc tures. before repairing. 1 This high-frequency, low-amplitude vibra tion table is standard equipment for test ing airplane gas-tanks. The arm at right (added by Martin engineers) supplies a rocking motion. No new design for an airplane gasoline tank can win official ap proval until its vibration-resistance has been demonstrated by standard ized accelerated disintegration test, on a high frequency, low-amplitude vibrating table--a test which, when devised, was calculated to destroy the usefulness of any tank within 50 hours. So brutal is this ordeal, so far more severe than conditions met in actual flying, that, for some uses, a tank which can withstand even 15 hours' vibration on the table is adjudged qualified for use, 25 hours resistance being the maximum re quirement in any service. The new "Mareng Fuel Cell" not only passed successfully this test but, to make the demonstration even more searching and conclusive, it was made to undergo, simultan eously, additional punishment from a rocking motion. possible performance of any tank --the "Mareng Fuel Cell" emerged triumphanty fuel - tight. Moreover, the tank was tested at various stages from full' to quarter full, so that the liquid contents could move freely within the cell in order to reproduce actual flying conditions. During the test it was necessary several times to repair the support ing structure but the fabric and the synthetic rubber with which it is impregnated remained undamaged. Efficient design in airplane gaso line tanks is an unending battle between strength-factors and weightfactors. The type of tank-construc tion, which is adequate for the family bus and rides unscathed over miles of rough roads and pave ments is, by aeronautical standards, sadly inefficient. Page ten \ I ETHYL NEWS ETC 22349 Obviously the lighter weight tanks cannot be as abuse-proof as their automobile counterparts and, as a result, under the strains and vibrations of flying, are more sus ceptible to leakage. With the new type of gas-tank, already produced in sizes as large as 185-gallon capacity, all need is eliminated for building metal tanks which will remain leak-proof under the punishment of continued vibra tion. The structure of wings, fusel age or float afford compartments in which the fabric cells are installed, not unlike the manner in which inner tubes are installed in casings. Instead of fitting these compart ments exactly, the cells are designed in every case to be slightly larger in each dimension than the walls and under-surfaces against which Three-cell, 185 gal. Mareng Fuel Tank in wing com partment. Above: before bottom plate ii fattened in place. Below: bottom plate in place, showing hand hole through which cells may be removed for re pairs and reinstalled. they are to rest. This over-sizing is an important feature for because of it the impregnated fabric is never subject to stretching or twisting but serves solely as a static, vibrationproof container for its contents, all strains and stresses being taken by the surrounding structure of the wing, fuselage or float. In addition to being vibrationproof, double safeguards against the dangers of corrosion are afforded by this construction. Gasoline in the fabric cells does not touch metal, as it is in contact only with synthetic rubber, which (unlike ordinary rubber) is not af fected by gasoline. To demonstrate this, a Mareng Cell was filled with gasoline and left untouched for 12 months. Inspection at the end of that time failed to disclose de terioration of any sort. Quick repairs are another advan tage afforded by this construction. A "Mareng Fuel Cell" can be pierced in several places, through (Continued on page 14) Nebraska Capital City Welcomes Ethyl Motor Clinic N THE opening presentation be fore an exceptionally interested audience, Ethyl Motor Clinic No. Five was officially introduced and welcomed to Lincoln, Nebraska, by Mayor Copeland, who expressed to Clinic Manager Cottrell his grati tude to the Corporation for bring ing such an educational and bene ficial program to the "White Spot" Capital. The Preview Showing on the evening of Thursday, January 5th, was the largest in the history of Clinic No. Five, at which Ethyl was host to several hundred oil and automotive executives, officials and representatives, professors and instructors from the Universtiy of Nebraska and officials of the city, county and state. Adding much to the color interest of the initial meeting was the dem onstration of the Assistant Fire Chief's official car on the chassis Preview showing of Clinic No. S in Lincoln. Nebraska, Thursday, Ian. 5th. 1939. dynamometer. The cooperation of the Lincoln Fire Department, through Chief F. W. Donnelly, in furnishing the car for demonstra tion purposes had much to do with the excellent showing which was of fered. Through the combined efforts of the Kansas City Division office, Field Representative Howard Lappe and the personnel of the Clinic, a splendid audience was brought in to attend the first regular showing in Lincoln and arrangements were made with several organizations for carrying out plans to make this stay of mutual benefit to members of both the oil and automotive indus tries. Much interest was shown by the various automotive companies in the National Tune-up Program planned for the coming year, and many expressed their desires to give it full support in giving the motoring public and commercial operators a better run for their money. FEBRUARY, 1939 Pageeleven ETC 22350 You May Have a "Sick" Cylinder in Your Car S THE child sick or well? A ratings of fuels. I Doctor would take his tempera The large differences in the tem ture as the first step in a diag peratures of cylinder, cylinder head nosis. A similar procedure at sev and piston head surfaces and the gine. When this condition has been obtained, the temperature of the combustion chamber may be more uniform than the multicylinder cyl eral points in an automobile engine relative inaccessibility of these parts inder under study, but the integrated may reveal wide variations in the preclude a direct determination of effect is the same. The same over-all temperatures of individual cylinders the integrated temperature condi temperature effect may be obtained and of the mixtures entering the tions within the cylinder. These in in a single-cylinder engine with a cylinders. Such differences change tegrated mixture temperatures may, cooling liquid temperature much dif the knocking tendencies of individ however, be reproduced approxi ferent from that measured in the ual cylinders. mately in the cylinder of the labora multicylinder engine. Variations in atmospheric tem tory knock testing engine by ad The laboratories of the Ethyl perature alone may cause a differ justing the temperature of the cyl Gasoline Corporation have had the ence of several octane numbers in the anti-knock rating of a fuel in an automobile engine. inder or mixture to give the same knock ratings on a group of widely different fuels, other conditions of problem of mixture distribution temperature and spark advance and their effect on the anti-knock value Other temperature variations may operation being the same as in the of gasolines under study for some have just as marked an influence cylinder of the multicylinder en years. on the knocking tendency of any one cylinder. These occur in the engine itself. Since a single knock ing cylinder may rate the anti knock value of the fuel, these other temperature variations seem to de serve further study. In the intake manifold, tempera ture variations are caused by the fact that the hot spot arrangement found on most automobile engines today applies more heat to the center of the manifold than to the ends. Also, the front of the mani fold receives the greatest cooling effect from the fan blast and the central and rear parts less, as the air is warmed by the exhaust manifold in its journey to the rear Fig. 1. DIFFERENTIAL HEATING and cooling along ths length oi the intake mcmliold contribute to variations in temperatures and air*fuel ratios oi the mixtures entering the cylinders. of the engine. Such differential heat ing and cooling result in variations in the rate of vaporization along the length of the intake manifold, which cause differences in air-fuel ratios and temperatures of the mix tures entering the cylinders. The cylinders themselves and the cylinder head are subject to fur ther differences in temperature. Va riations in coring in the foundry cause inequalities in cylinder wall thickness. En bloc design prevents each cylinder from being subjected to the same effect of the cooling liquid. Consequently, there are va riations in cylinder and cylinder head temperatures which cause dif ferences in the knocking tendency of individual cylinders and in the Fig. 2. THE ARROWS in the above diagram indicate the direction o! flow of the cooling liquid in an automotive engine. All oi the cylinders are not subjected to exactly the same effect of the cooling liquid even in the best of modem "en bloc" designs. Page twelve ETHYL NE Y1/ S ETC 22351 Oil Company Executives Meet at Clinic Preview in New Orleans Atlanta Division (Clinic No. 11) holds Oil Company Execu tive Dinner at Count Amauds Restaurant. N MONDAY, December agencies and parts houses. O 12th, the Atlanta Division Climaxing the first two previews Clinic held its first pre was a presentation on Wednesday view in the city of New OrlebaynMs r. J. G. Martin for the execu for 146 of the local oil company tives of all the major oil companies men and their city salesmen and operating in this Division and a on the following day another spe number of the prominent civic and cial showing was held for 131 of local business leaders. This was fol the heads of the local automobile lowed by a dinner for the entire group of 60 men at Count Arnaud's famous restaurant. The dinner was presided over by Mr. W. G. Mundinger, Ethyl's Louisiana represen tative. Short talks were made by Mr. J. A. Costello, Atlanta Divi sion Manager, Mr. Charles Manship, owner of Baton Rouge news papers and the radio station and Col. M. A. Dyer of the Texas Co. who is looked upon as the dean of local oil men. He commented on the fine Clinic program and the gather ing which was quite unusual inas much as it was the first time in the history of the local oil industry that all of the executive heads had gotten together at one time. The Clinic remained in New Or leans until early February, at which time it moved on to Jackson, Mis sissippi, where the next showing is scheduled. Attendance in New Or leans has lived up to expectations with more than 1,700 at the first fifteen meetings. Personnel Changes in Gasoline Testing Department HE year 1938 marked the Laboratory for eight years, became Topening of a new Ethyl Gaso manager of the new San Bernardino line Testing Laboratory at San Laboratory, where he spent some Bernardino, California, where it bisusy weeks supervising the instal housed in the Engineering Research ling of equipment. The Laboratory Laboratory building. Last year also commenced testing operations De saw a number of shifts in the ranks cember 1st. of the Testing Laboratory managers. 1932, is now assisting in busi ness matters connected with the ad ministration of the Department. Mr. Merritt E. Collins, who has managed the North Kansas City Mr. John R. Murphy, for years associated with the Yonkers Test ing Laboratory, and Manager since Mr. Hudson W. Kellogg, who has been manager of the Testing Laboratory in Detroit since 1930, moved to Yonkers to take over the managership of the Yonkers Test ing Laboratory. He now resides in Dobbs Ferry. FEBRUARY, 1939 Page thirteen ETC 22352 Mr. Coleman L. Davidson, for merly manager of the Baton Rouge Testing Laboratory, succeeded Mr. Kellogg as manager of the Testing Laboratory in Detroit. Mr. Tucker E. Dawson became the new manager of the Baton Rouge Laboratory. He has been a chemist there for some time. Mr. Harold L. Mclntire, who for some years has been chemist at the North Kansas City Laboratory, took over the management of that Laboratory, succeeding Mr. Collins. Fabric Fuel Tank Developed for Air Craft (Continued from page 11) both fabric and surrounding struc ture, and even though gaping holes are left in the adjacent structure, a few minutes' repair work, not greatly unlike repairing an auto mobile inner tube, make it as good as when new. A repaired Mareng cell will resist as much abuse as in its original state. It has also been demonstrated that, even when the cell is pierced during a flight, the resultant leak age of gasoline is definitely retard ed. Piercing treated fabric leaves a slit rather than a definite hole. Under the internal pressure of the gasoline, the fabric snaps back into place and tends to close the slit against rapid leakage. In this connection, a case is known in which, on a foreign warfront, one of the new Martin tanks was pierced by enemy bullets, with out putting the plane out of action. Instead of being forced down, the pilot successfully flew something more than one hundred miles after his plane was struck and returned safely to his base for repairs. Farmers Take More Gasoline A tremendous increase in the use of gasoline on farms during the last three years is indicated by gasoline con sumption figures recently made public by the United States Bureau of Public Roads. In 35 states for which data are obtainable the total increase in gasoline consumption for non-highway purposes, which means mostly farm use, amounted to 435,968,000 gal lons, an increase of 50 per cent. In 1935 gallonage amounted to 903,866,000. In 1937 it rose to 1,349,834,000. In one state, Michigan, the rise was 127 per cent. k.(| A drama of modem science, in which the official safety car of the Springfield (111.), police department was put through an unusual test on an "indoor proving ground," was witnessed recently by the mayor and sixty other prominent guests, shown above. at a special preview, which opened the one-month run in that city of the Ethyl Mo tor Clinic. The demonstration with the safety car came as the climax of a series of revelations concerning what goei on in a running motor. The car was driven by Police Officer Fred Donovan up to sixty miles an hour, and then a steep "hill" was built under its rear wheels. By the end of the test Officer Donovan had "driven" ten miles, but not once had he moved off the clinic stage. In the photo. Mayor John W. Kapp of Springfield (right], observes dial readings as indicated by Clinic Mgr. B. R. Jones. Page fourteen ETHYL NEWS ETC 22353 NEWSBRIEFS i 1 A ho at ry> mt ns. i J he loieof 11- a by :ty as oi an he ft. a] R. s <: Members of the Atlanta Division Clinic taking a break in the normal week's work to inspect the Atlas Pipeline Corporation refinery at Shreveport, La. Left to right, Martin McCooley, Ethyl Safety Engi neer; Jack Pruitt, Rod McKenna, Mr. Charles Christman, Supt. of Atlas Re finery, Stuart Forbes, John Murphey and Joe Williams. Lowell A. Dollahan had his radio tuned to the station at Calumet, Michigan. _ It was just noon and the next fifteen min utes was devoted to a special news broad cast. Imagine Lowell's surprise when it was announced that he was to deliver a special address before the college and that a resume of the automotive and oil industries would be given together with sound movies and a motor demonstration. When Lowell arrived at the college, he thanked Professor Damon for giving him such a good send-off for the meeting and mentioned the publicity on the air, to gether with the article that appeared in the local paper at Houghton. The Pro fessor was as surprised as Lowell had been, when he heard about the radio an nouncement, as it had not been arranged by the college. Presumably, the Calumet station picked the article out of the news paper and broadcasted it over their mid day news program. iti A group of the fair sex from the De troit Laboratory at their Christmas Party on December 22nd. From left, sitting: Barbara Fritchey, Jewel Ahonen, Marian Ziegler, Marie M. Martin, Phyllis Southwell; Standing: Sylvia Roxie, Emalee Pipal, Ellen Faulkner, Rose Lipsitz, Ann Manson Caplan, Helmi Burldeo, Joan Boyer, Margaret Ferrety and Carrie McMillan. ii< On Saturday, October 29th, 1938, Torbin F. Yates, Junior Engineer of Chi cago's Clinic No. 9, was married to Miss Florence G. Olson, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. R. A. Olson of Chicago. The wed ding took place in the Rogers Park Bap tist Church at 8:30 P.M. after which a reception was held in the Georgian Hotel in Evanston, Illinois. There were some 200 friends and relatives present, includ ing Mr. and Mrs. J. E. Boudreau. We take this opportunity of wishing Torbin and Florence much happiness. Francis J. Pahalek, a new member of the Ethyl family, joined the De troit Engineer ing Laboratory on December 12th. He attend ed the Univer sity of Detroit and the Detroit Institute of Technology, re ceiving a B.S. Degree in Accounting in 1932. Before joining our ranks, Francis was connected with the Kroger Grocery and Baking Company. His hobby is hunting small game. Having been born on March 17th, his nickname is very appropriately, Pat. He makes his home in Detroit with his wife and daughter, Patricia. He_ is a member of the Alpha Gamma Upsilon Fraternity and the Detroit Sportsmen's Congress. En route to Houghton, Michigan, in order to appear upon a program before the College of Mining and Technology, FLASH!! Minneapolis, Minn. -- Jan. 8, 1939 Today at 2:15 P.M. at the Abbott Hos pital, the latest addition to the Ormsby family was made in the form of a sevenand-a-half pound baby boy. This 1939 Ormsby Model's arrival was announced officially by a notice giving full particu lars as to its lung power, ignition sys tem. etc. Master Ralph H. Ormsby the Second and his proud mother are at home and it is reported that they are both doing nice ly. The condition of Ralph the First, how ever, is still somewhat doubtful, although the doctor is holding out highest hopes for complete recovery. iii We welcome to the Ethyl family, Lil lian Carolyn Weis, a new member of our Stenographic Department. She comes to us from the New York office of Mont gomery Ward & Co. Lillian is a gradu ate of the Grover Cleveland High School. She is an accomplished swimmer and the proud owner of a Girl's Scout Life Sav ing Medal. From Toronto comes word of the addition of Beryl Winters to their staff. Beryl is a na tive of Brockville, Ontario, a graduate of the Faculty of Arts of Queen's Uni versity, Kings ton, and of the Brockville Busi ness College. This is her first entry into the commer cial world and we extend a hearty wel come. ri< Edythe E. Kimball, another newcomer to the Stenographic Department, is a graduate of Brownes Business College. Her business experience includes 3 years with Shippers Car Line Corp., 3 years with the j. Henry Schroder Banking Cor poration and 6 years with the Bankers Trust Company. Edythe lives in Brook lyn and her favorite sports are golf and swimming. The Following Service Awards Have Been Made as of February i, 1939 TEN YEARS C. L. DavidsonDetroit Gasoline Testing Lab. Richard K. Scales_______________________________________________Detroit Sales FIVE YEARS Vida C. Ebell_____________ J. W. Morrison_________________________________ Manufaciuring Administration FEBRUARY, 1939 Page fifteen ETC 22354 ! I i \ \ I i \ 1 Index to Ethyl News 1938 Advertising Issue "Ethyl Ads in the Making"...............................................................February "Ethyl Road of 3938"................................................................................. April Miscell. Articles "Vice Pres. Midgley Addresses Houston Chamber of Commerce"......... -.......................................................... .......... January "America, A Country Competition Built".........................................January "Ethyl Gasoline".................................. January "Ethyl on Top of the World"--WcFariane's Alaskan Flight............. January "Novel Device on Louisiana Farm"--Hider's Invention........... January "American Industry Leads in Research".......................................February "Canadian Forest Fires"..................................................................... February "G-Man of the Rails"--Sperry Detector.........................................February "Ethyl in New Paramount Production of 1938"..........................February . "Ethyl to the Rescue"--Toronto Harbor Police......... .................. February "Declares Wealth Now Widely Diffused".............................................March "What is a Friend"....................................................................................March "Carter Carburetor School Expands"................................................... March "America's 11 Million Used Car Families"...........................................April "Mexico-Alaska Highway"................... April "Five Thousand Years of Glass Making"........................................ ..... May "The American Way"................................................................. May "Putting the Camera to Work at Blending^ Plants"--Baldwin........... May "World's Most Precious Element"--Radium............................ July-August "Louisiana State Police"........... ..................................................... July-August "Petroleum Brain Trust Saves U.S.".........................................July-August "Day of Diesels Far Off"............................................................... July-August "Sound Business Management America's Success"....................September "Blue Water International Bridge"--U.S.-Canada...................... September "N. Y, World's Fair Mecca for 1939 Travel"............................ September "Ethyl in Turner Valley, British Columbia"...................... ............October "Taxation and Your Savings"..v......................................................... October "New England Swept by Wind and Wave"................................ November "From Strawberries to Oil" (Centralia, 111.).................................November "Yearly Model Change Stabilizes Work in Auto Plants"......... November "Do You Know Some Cylinders in Your Car are Undernourished" ..........................................................................November "Mr. Kettering Looks Ahead"......................................................... December "South's Tallest Highway Bridge Opens".....................................December "Highway Lighting in Ontario"....................................................... December "Only One Fuel Leaves the Pump"............................................... December Issue Appalachian Electric Power Co. Trucks .................................. November Yosemite Transportation Co. Gives Luxury Ride............... ..December Century-Old Brewing Concern Goes Modern--Labatt Limited....December GENERAL MOTORS PARADE OF PROGRESS Baltimore Div. in Charge of Ethyl Exhibit ............................ March Ethyl Takes G-M Caravan over Mexico's Mountains ...................April G. M. Parade of Progress Featured in N. Y. World's Fair Preview...............................................................-........June MOTORCYCLES Their Aim is Service Equal to Their Product-- Harley-Davidson ...................................................................... June Louisiana State Police............. .................................................... July-August Motorcycle Club Visits Des Moines Clinic.... .................... .........September Citizens of Jackson View Mississippi's New Highway Patrol ..beptember Two Motorcycle Records in as Many Hours--Roland Free ...December RACING Sir Malcolm Campbell Shatters Sjieed Boat Record................... January Eleven-Year-Old S. African Champion to Race at Akron-- Soap Box Derby.................................................................................. May Ethyl Wins Pacific Coast Stock Car Championship Race....... December TRACTORS AND FARM EQUIPMENT Massey-Harris Offers TwinPower...................................................... January Snow Plow Outfit Conquers Minnesota Drifts..................................April An Iron Horse of the Plains............................................... ...................May $25 Tractor Saves One Team..................................................................June High Compression Tractor Saves $50.40 in Oil................................. June Memphis Carnival Features Streamlined Parade-- Oliver Tractors......................................................................... July-August Illinois Man Steps Up Power of 287 Tractors.'.......................July-August A Hobby That Has Lived for Three Generations-- Elk Farm & Tractors.......................................................... .....September Tractor Performance Dramatized for Indiana Farm Bureau ..September The Birth of a Name--"Tractor" is Bom................................. . October Minneapolis-Moline's 1939 Comfortractor Makes its Debut..... November Alberta Gathers Richest Crop inDecade............................. ..December Three Out of Four--Rees & Wheatland Fuel Economy Test....December Army Tests & Equipment Mobility of Army's Mechanised Brigade Astonishes Observers ............ ........................... .........................................July-August Ethyl Becomes Daughter of the Regiment.................................. December Automotive AUTOMOBILES English Royalty Select American Cars................................................. May Horseless Carriage Makes Appearance Again in Helena, Mont..................................................................................... September Transport--Ancient and Modern..................................................... December Ethyl Wins Pacific Coast Stock Car Championship...................December BUSSES AND TRUCKS Tank Truck at Globe Pump, McPherson, Kansas....... .............January Standard N. J.'s Display at National Motor Truck Show........ January Dave Steel Co. Truck, Ashville, N. C.............................................January Goodwin Co. Truck. Jackson, Miss................... January "Truckers Urge Repeal of Federal Gasoline Tax".....................January Sunset Oil Co. Tank Truck and Pump.......................................... February Richmond, Va., Delivery Service Truck at Clinic............................March Dominion's Oldest Express Company, etc..............................................April Strange Vehicle for Lincoln Tunnel Service......................... -...........April Unusual Haulage Problem Aided by Ethyl........................................ April New Equipment for New Product--Bachmann Pet.-- Century Ethyl...................................................................... May Continental Oil Co.'s New Streamliner............................. May Novel Exhibit Tours with Ethyl--Achusnet Process Co.................May A Million Miles on Ethyl--Still Going Strong-- Paulsen & March....................................................................... June Ethyl Brings Beauty of "Smokies" to Tourist-- Bridgers Tours Co...................................................................July-August Unusual Truck Job Gives Designer Good Results-- Dual Engine..............................................................................July-August Nature Puts on Annual Flower Show--Martin & Moran Fleet...............................................................................July-August Pacific Coast Div.'s Motor Clinic--Chevrolet Truck....................September Ethyl Engineer Instructs Capital Transit Men.......................... October N. J. Trucking Concern Steps up Operating Economy-- Cardinale Corp...................................................................................October Three Sponsors Conduct Road Test--1939Ford Truck.................October Aviation Ethyl on Top of The World.............................................................January New Type Plane Developed for the Novice...............................January With Sir Hubert Wilkins in the Arctic..................................... .......March Government Training School at Randolph Field, San Antonio....March Junior Birdmen of the Navy View Ethyl Film..................................June .Activity of Materiel Division--Army Air Corps...... .............July-August Man's Latest Creation Visits Stone-Age New Guinea..... July-August First of Pan Am.'s New Fleet Takes the Water............................October Portable Mooring Mast for Goodyear Blimps..............................October They Saw Five Suns in 91 Hours.............................................. October Col. Roscoe Turner and Plane.........................................................November Landscape and Skyscape--Glenn L. Martin Co...........................November Clinic Here & There--Dayton Clime..........................................................January Make Toledo an Ethyl City.......................................................... February The Clinic Gives the Answers.........................................................February N. J.'s Governor Hoffman Visits Ethyl Clinic in the East....... February New York Clinic Meeting for General Office Staff............................March Richmond Clinic Scores in First Round............................................ March Ethyl Motor Clinic at Columbus Attracts State-Wide Attention..... April Clinic Clippings..............................................................................................April Clinic Clippings....................................... ........................................ v..;........May Ethyl's Pacific Coast Div. Open New Home--Permanent Clinic.... June San Francisco Mfr. Tests Clinic's Appeal............................................ June Sunset Oil Co.'s Motor Clinic.................................................................June Ponca City Man Pioneers New Service in Oklahoma.....................June Oklahoma Highway Patrol Helps Open Motor Clinic.......................June Ethyl Clinic at Akron Gets Official Welcome.................................... June Clinic Clippings............................................................................................. June National Meeting of Clinic Managers................................................. June Associated's Motor Check Service in Los Angeles............. July-August Special Motor Clinic Meetings for Baltimore High Schools ...July-August 100 New York Guardsmen at Motor Clinic Review................July-August Atlantic Refining Co. Executives Attend Special Clinic Showing......................................................................... July-August Ethyl Host to Army Transport Men, Camp Holabird, Md... July-August Kingston, N. Y., Mayor Gives Ethyl Clinic Official Welcome....................................................................... July-August Page sixteen ETHYL NEWS Issue Ethyl Clinic Holds 'Fight" Party in Indianapolis ..............July-August Service Manager Appreciates Clinic--Columbus, 0........... July-August Penn. Farm Bureau Men at Pittsburgh Clinic .....................July-August Garage Organization Starts Own Tune-Up Class- Motor Trades Assn... ................................................................September Allen Tune-Up School First Graduation................................September Motorcycle Club Visits Des Moines Clinic....... ........................ September Yellow'Cab Company Entertains at Cleveland Motor Clinic ...September Iowa's Governor Opens Ethyl Clinic in Des Moines............ September Tractor Performance Dramatized for Indiana Farm Bureau September Ethyl's Baltimore Division < Clinic Has Preview...................September Activities at Pacific Coast Div.'s Motor Clinic............ ...............September Dynamometer Service Now Available to Manhattanites......... ...October Army Engineers Include Ethyl Clinic in Their Training-- Ft. DuPont................................ ................................................... October Motor Clinic Welcomed at Hagerstown, Md.............. October Request from Richmond for Clinic's Return........... October N. Y. Division Clinics Open Fall Season ................................. October Wood Esso Servicenter Tunes-Up with Chassis Dynamometer .................................... ........................................ November Chicago Div. Motor Clinic for Rose Polytechnic Inst. Terre Haute............................................... ........................ .........November Nebraska's Governor Opens Ethyl Clinic in Omaha............ November Knoxville Gives Its Approval of Motor Clinic.......................... November Ethyl Visits National Capital.................................................... November Joplin (Mo.) Hotel Guests Show Interest in Clinic...... . December Newburgh Area Gets Another Ethyl Booster............................. December Shreveport Sees the Clinic............................................................... December Ethyl Raises Pressure on Davey Units............................... December Socony Vacuum's "Flying Red Horse" Sound Car Tuned For Ethyl.................................. ............................................ .......December Customer Campaigns & Service Stations Modern Merchandising Their Slogan--Rhoads Bros.................. January Ethyl on Top of the World--Service Motor Co. .......... ..... January Pump Markers Proclaim Grade as Consumption Makes Record January Service Station has Novel Feature--F. I. Dewey................ February Sunset Ethyl Gasoline Pump ...... .................................................. February Gulf Service Station Salesman on Skates--Toledo..................February Another Ethyl Booster--Stand. Indiana Station ........... ...........March A Servistation for City of Tomorrow ..... . .............................March Oklahoma Jobber Features Modern Merchandising-- Claire Robbins............................................ ....................................... March D-X Ethyl Balloon Makes 1.300 Mile Flight ..................................April An All-Ethyl Station--J. S. Farmer Gas & Oil Co.........................April New Premium Fuel for Canfield Oil......................................... ........April Sales Down--Profits Up--Noyes Garage, Evanston.........................June Standard Oil Co. (Kentucky) Sales Campaign...................................June Shell Ethyl Campaign in Northern New England ............................June Dynamometer Service Now Available to Manhattanites-- Gulf Station..................................................................................... October Issue Ethyl Takes Part in Humble Oil Sales Contest Meetings...........October Even the Old Horse & Buggy Boost Ethyl .......................... October Wood Esso Servicenter Tunes up With Chassis Dynamometer .............................................................................November New England Swept By Wind and Wave.................................. November Newburgh Area Gets Another Ethyl Booster............................. December Exhibits & Expositions Stand, of N. J.'s Display at National Motor Truck Show .... January The Gilmore Quincublets..... ................... ........................................ January Phila.'s Shrine to Benjamin Franklin and Advancement of Science .................................. ................................. ..................... January Hartford Auto Dealer Has Own Show...................................... January Millions Will Travel Highways to 1939 Fairs....... ,,................. . March Engineering-Architecture Day, Clemson's Annual Show..................May North Carolina State Chemistry Students Exhibit Model Ethyl Dow ................................ ................................................... .........May International Petroleum Exposition.........................................July-August N. Y. World's Fair Mecca for 1939 Travel........................... September Unique Exhibit at Michigan Petroleum Exposition...................September Ethyl Demonstrates in Novel Tie-Up ^at Tennessee Festival... October National Ref. Co.'s Exhibit at Washington Co. Fair............. November Golden Gate Exposition Petroleum Exhibitors, Inc................... December Safety Traffic Safety Becomes a Science.......................................... .............March Safety Topics............................................................................................ March Personnel Items Meet Mr. Tully....................................................................................January Meet Mr. Fricker................................... February R. L. Jordan & A. B. Wyrick at Springfield Airpor..............February Chicago Farewell Party for Dees & Colvin................................. . February Organization Changes.................................................................... February Meet Mr. Costello...................................................... ..............................March Ethyl Heroine--Allie Grady............................ April Chicago Division Meeting........................................ April Meet Mr. Martin.......................................... April Ethyl's First Fleet School..................................................................... . May Meet Mr. Pope..................... ......................................... ............................. May Pacific Coast Division's New Building ........ ....................................... June Meet Mr. Krieger........... .................................. .June Ethyl-Agency Golf Match......................................... July-August 15 Year Service Awards ..................................... .................... ...... September Baltimore Div. Fishing Party...... ............................................... ... October New Plant at Baton Rouge............................... ..November Births Mr. & Mrs. C. E. Colvin................ Mr. & Mrs. Helmer A. Abramson Mr. & Mrs. Edward Johnson ........ Mr. & Mrs. James V. Carlisle ....... Mr. & Mrs. Merritt E. Collins .... Mr. & Mrs. Roy J. Monohan ....... Mr. & Mrs. Richard C. Murphy .... Mr. & Mrs. Howard Pearsall........ . Mr. & Mrs. Paul Johnson..... ......... Mr. & Mrs. Gordon Conner............. Mr. & Mrs. Merritt Martin........... Mr. & Mrs. Frank Stablein .. ....... Mr. & Mrs. Eugene F. Gameir.... Mr. & Mrs. Matthew A. Taylor ... Mr. & Mrs. C. H. Johnson ........... Mr. & Mrs. Irvin O. Wolf............ Mr. & Mrs. Fred Nixon .................. Mr. & Mrs. John P. Dooher........... Mr. & Mrs. R. F. Broquet............ Mr. & Mrs. Charles M. Gambrill. Mr & Mrs. Ferd Gillig...................... Mr. & Mrs. Lowell A. Dollahan ... Jane Mayfield.......................... Ruth Ann............................... Son........................................... Carol Ann................................ .Robert Cromwell...................... Born 1937............ 1937............ 1937 ........... 1938............. 1938............ 1938............ .Richard Landis and Meredith Warren............... . Marjorie ............................... . ............... July ............... September ....... September ................. October ............ October .'Pat ......................................... ................ October . Tanice Gail............................. .Elizabeth ................................ .Craig Atwood......................... 4, 1938............ 15, 1938............ 7, 1938............ 11, 1938 ........... 28, 1938............ 12, 1938............ 4, 1938............ 28, 1938............ 110,, 1938............ 1938............ 19, 1938............ 6, 1938............ 3200, , 1938............ 1938............ 1, 1938........... 26, 1938............ Issue Marriages Married Alan Tully to Lady Kingsford Smith...............................................................Dec. 2, .1937 Lawrence Myatt to Kay Ford ......................................... .Dwight Andrews to Nina Geddes Nelson.........................................................May 7. 1938 Robert R. Mead to Roberta Clark ....................................................................... April 18, 1938 Marion Hofstetter to Walter E. Reitz...............................................................May 21, 1938 Donald H. Pulleyblank to Elizabeth A. Anderson.......................................... June 4, 1938 Edah Rhodes to Ralph Mackenzie Hudson...................................................... July 2, 1938 Ruth Allen to William M. Rice ....................................................................... Sept. 21, 1938 Robert C. Bums to Mary C. Naber .................................................................Sept. 13, 1938 Thomas J. Keenan to Marie T. Lambert........................................................ July 23, 1938 Winifred V. Porter to John Alfred Sanders................................................... Sept. 2, 1938 John Edward Hendricks to Joan Wiewell........................................................... Sept. 5, 1938 Grahame Denham to Emma Murdock............................................................ Aug. 27, 1938 Idan Flaa to Ruby Hill.......................................................................................Oct. 8. 1938 FEBRUARY. 1939 Dec.20,1937 ....... January ....... January ............ May ............. June July-August July-August . September ... September .. September ... September .... October .... November ... November .... December Page seventeen ETC 22356 IIQUID... volatile... powerful... tetraethyl A lead has a mysterious and valuable effect upon gasoline. Just a small quantity added to a gallon of gas improves its anti-knock value. It acts to prevent the power-wasting "knock" or "ping" that years ago might well have throttled the development of the modern automobile's high compression engine. Today tetraethyl lead is the active ingredient of the anti-knock fluids used by oil companies the world over to improve the anti-knock quality of their gasolines. This enables car owners to take advantage of the high compression engines built by the automobile industry in recent years. Today every car has 3 grades of performance Because there are different grades of gasoline sold today, your car has different grades of performance, depending on the gas you buy and your spark setting. Use the chart below to help you make your choice: BEST PERFORMANCE--with gasoline marked "Ethyl" on the pump or globe. It is highest in anti knock and all-around quality. Contains enough tetraethyl lead so that your engine's spark can befully advanced for maximum power and econ omy without "knock" or "ping." good PERFORMANCE--with "regular" gasoline which permits the spark to be considerably ad vanced without "knock" or "ping." Most "regu lar" gasolines now contain tetraethyl lead, as shown by the "Lead" signs on the pumps. POOR PERFORMANCE--with low-grade gasoline, poor in anti-knock quality. With low-grade gaso line in a modem car, the engine's spark must be re tarded--which means loss of power and economy. TUNE IN ON "TUNE-UP TIME" featuring Walter O'Keefe, Andre Kostelanets* Orchestra,. .Kay Thompson and Rhythm Sing ers .. . Thursdays ... Columbia Broadcast ing System, 10 p. m.t Eastern Standard Time ETHYL GASOLINE CORPORATION, sole manufacturer ofanti-knock fluids containing tetraethyl lead ETC 22357 MARCH 1939 d ETC 22358 'Sr-- af'-Vai. & l_* (otherwise * BjwD "***< fat** > cftuf in m* Wo S&haotw3f:about "" hi^hiha ` asjd. "ihuoiba/njjpbw hppoatipj in No*I (%'ofil`i '.tat to fteUlel ib b boofcpd -for, thjeMfJitjjFO- ,: (Train bn' % ri S 8* r* / > jpv> j i*jit &a_ fl ' j^iosg*,* * '*.. *ir i\P**M***A.%x,j jP^'" > ootbb American i ] '--t^npeorg# ,M. Cfobati postponed JW \ ,-. - ,, .... j E&fr *%.**' 21 mouth* a* Ifcfc daqfiM L, rI\; I %#' PJW of "I'd ftathet lfc~ Bight" tot ,_\V /' -. 1 fflLeii mmch hi* Irleh wtt agalnsl'the JtUh wS! - " i 'fcitnr h-ovoar i :J-' v ' 1 &\y . } ; .--* i W--ii' '** -V'A . ^ m on ** . /SL:> > f *4* " u / V- Bdward_}BT*i^Hoi,^4H^r* * " * 'V waod'*,hp>ber on* i Hi* 'daiy/,*hy manaei'-. bllng' impulsiveness ` ****. hilarity .tosevend-41 i-.j.' Itogers. pie ... ^s*$ $&' :'J i K-t * 'A* irajl*lrorf5' ' 'M Si*''-i^J ^ %ri. -A I4. av* 'M r* .. fci^f %Je* Ca*' ^*at jSB3*vfieiou* SuH _____ "e hor' Tki* bof " 1 ** blooded Latin b*maty'irp^.aid a*' a qunt -fe* tthyl .show op] tmirdiffidont * - * - ^^a"rd'^E't"ro"rot"t H^or7toU^'rf. r^-*2 *c naricdio'te hordu*. this''J**oui^, r'ifn th*t'-e/idWf,1 mtnhplktiinut*f 'matriSi'. octt> ihi'^tagdot th;Khopltan ... _*'. *V' 0- #x**r-m -.. - Vi- 4-.- ETC 22359 V ETHYL GASOLINE CORPORATION CHRYSLER BUILDING NEW YORK CITY W. CARY HARRIS Editor RUSSELL B. WESTON NORTHROP CLAREY, Jr. Associate Editors 9 Correspondents J. A. COSTELLO........................Atlanta F. S. CRONIN....................... Baltimore D. S. FLYNN..............................Boston A. B. WYRICK..........................Chicago R. R. FALLER............................Dayton H. L. NIXON.....................Kansas City CARL ABELL.................... Los Angeles R. L. GOLTZ....................... New York J. N. FITZGERALD................. .Toronto H. C. DEES.....................................Tulsa R K. SCALES......... Engineering Dept. ARTHUR P. STOVER.......Mfg. Dept J. C. POPE....... Gasoline Testing Dept. E. J. NIESER.......Administration Dept. HUBERT FOSSETT.................... London THE MATERIAL IN THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRINTED PROVIDED DUE CREDIT IS GIVEN THE "ETHYL NEWS" OR ETHYL GASOLINE CORPORATION UNLESS IT IS A COPYRIGHTED ARTICLE. VOL. 6, No. 3 Malthusian Theories of Oil Reserves Called Unsound A BOUT 150 years ago Thomas Robert Malthus, an English economist, AA set forth the Malthusian theory of population--the doctrine that / \ population tends to increase faster than food supply and that lack of food would limit the size of the nations of the world. Malthus looked at the Oriental civilizations of India and China, where famine and death for centuries followed failure of the rice crop and where an increase of the food supply resulted in a rise in the birth rate. He believed that England's population was close to the saturation point and most of the learned world shared that view. The population of England then was about 6,000,000 and the overcrowd ing was one of the chief reasons given for the colonization policy of the Empire. But with the development of the factory system, the country's population expanded rapidly and by 1830 it had grown to 14,000,000. In 1931, England's population was 37,000,000, a condition which Malthus would have regarded as impossible. The course of history has disproved the Malthusian theory just as it will disprove many of the beliefs of today. Any theory that is based upon a static society, which fails to consider the possible play of modern human ingenuity in meeting new conditions of life, is lkely to be wrong. There are some men who, like Malthus, predict that the automobile production of the United States is growing faster than the ability of nature and human ingenuity to provide food in the form of gasoline. These modern profits predict that the time is not far distant when a shortage of gasoline will starve the automobiles off the roads. But as a matter of fact, if the early Malthusian oil economists had been right, the nation's petroleum reserves would have been exhausted before the automobile was born. America would still remain in the horse and buggy era. In 1889, David T. Day, head of the U. S. Geological Survey, solemnly declared that the nation's oil would last only a few years and that the light of the kerosene lamps throughout the world would be dimmed. If anyone in those days had de clared that the fuel and oil to make possible the operation of 30,000,00a horseless vehicles on the nation's highways would come from the bowels of the earth, that prophet would1 have been laughed down. A quarter of a century later, in 1915, the U. S. Geological Survey issued a report saying that the total oil reserves in the United States amounted to only 7,500,000,000 barrels. The survey was so bold as to say that that covered all of the oil in the nation, yet during the next 20 years nearly (Continued on page 14) IN THIS ISSUE Malthusian Theories of Oil Reserves Called Unsound Pennsylvania Railroad Tunes Up New Ethyl Chloride Plant at Baton Rouge Photographing Mother Earth 15,000 Feet Underground Providing Skilled Workers for Industry The "Early Days" of Greyhound Spark Plugs often Perform like "Old Faithful" Natchez -- Where the Old South Still Lives Garage Holds Monthly "Customer Clinic" America's First Advertising Man-- Benjamin Franklin James T. Grady Honored by American Institute Ethyl Is Set to Music Newsbriefs Lament of an Ethyl Wife ETC 22360 Pennsylvania Railroad Tunes Up The oil and automotive industries dynamometer can measure up to are becoming more conscious than 80,000 pounds pull. The wheel speed ever of the need for accurate engine is determined by recording appara adjustment. The sound basis for tus so horsepower can be easily cal this program can be realized by culated. Over 50 different types and comparison with methods adopted kinds of locomotives developing up by other modern transportation in to 5,500 H.P. have been tested and dustries. accurately adjusted by this dyna mometer. The typical chassis dynamometer used in Ethyl Clinics is similar to that shown in the photograph and is a bit small by comparison. It can absorb up to 150 H.P. at the rollers and yet the same variation in power as that recorded by the giant locomotive dynamometer will make possible those important ad justments for maximum efficiency. Left: A typical automobile cbaeii dynamometer. Below: A mighty "K4i" engine on the locomotive dynamometer. ETHYL NEWS ETC 22361 Ethyl's "E.L.A." Plant Works 24 Horns a Day to Supply Anti-Knock Needs of Oil Industry Above--The night ihift goes to work in a plant lighted as ii for an "opening night." Right--Two large Hortonspheres gleam in the darkness behind a storage shed. New Ethyl Chloride Plant at Baton Rouge HE expression "There's noth consists of three stages, or "sec Ting new under the sun" may tions." be correct when applied to hu "A" Section makes HCL gas by man nature and politics, but it habsurning hydrogen with chlorine, the been pushed around mercilessly by latter a by-product from Ethyl's new the chemical industry. Indeed, it has sodium plant at the Baton Rouge taken its most recent beating at the works. "B" Section makes ethylene hands of Ethyl's new ethyl chloride gas by high temperature "cracking" plant in Baton Rouge, more famil of by-product refinery gases. "C" iarly known as the ``E.L.A. Plant." Section takes the HCL gas from Not only is the plant itself new, "A" Section and ethylene from "B" having started production as recent Section, and puts them into chem ly as last September, but also the ical reaction to form ethyl chloride. process used in manufacturing ethyl The ethyl chloride thus produced is chloride is receiving its first com used directly in the manufacture of mercial test. tetraethyl lead. Production to date indicates a suc This new plant is an important cessful future for the new plant and part of Ethyl's Baton Rouge estab process. Approximately 75 men are lishment, which will be, on the com employed in the operation, which pletion of present construction early in 1939, a complete manufacturing unit--not only for tetraethyl lead, but for the intermediate materials necessary in its manufacture as well. A new sodium plant will produce all the sodium required from raw salt and the ethyl chloride plant, utilizing by-product chlorine from the sodium plant and hydrogen and other by-product light gases from a nearby refinery, will supply the ethyl chloride intermediate. The ethyl chloride unit was in cluded in a panorama photo of the manufacturing plant at Baton Rouge in the November, 1938, "News." In the view of the plant published at that time, the "E.L.A." section was visible in the extreme upper right corner. MARCH, 1939 Page three ETC 22362 NLY a few years ago it was structure of the earth and the im O common talk in the oil in proved means of locating possible dustry that the known sup oil deposits, and find out what it is ply of petroleum would be useadll uapbout. Two conditions must be within 30 years; that the world had present simultaneously to form an been so thoroughly explored for sur oil field--first, an oil bearing strat face indications of possible oil-bear um ; and second, a structural trap ing structures that all the obvious for the accumulation of the oil, ones had been found; and that find which may be the result of faulting, ing any more major deposits would folding or gradual bending of the be largely a matter of wildcat ex earth's crust, or of the natural man ploration in territory where the sur ner in which the stratum or strata face structures had been completely were originally deposited. obliterated. This would make the There are undoubtedly many pro discovery of oil very expensive and ductive areas yet to be found, and accompanied by a heart-breakingly they may contain many times the high percentage of dry holes. amount of oil discovered in the past, But instead of facing a threaten but the richest and largest oil terri ing shortage of petroleum, the oil tories in the world have a great deal industry today finds itself with more unproductive than productive greater proved reserves than ever areas. Take, for example, the San before in history. At the latest A.P.I. Joaquin Valley in California. Dur convention, it was reported on the ing the past six years, at least seven authority of men of high standing important deep fields have been dis in the industry, that we need not covered, namely, Coalinga, Ten Sec worry about complete depletion of tion, Canal, Greely, Rio Bravo, our petroleum resources for at least Wasco and most recently, the Elk 200 years. Hills extension. Coalinga is the only The amount of oil in the earth one of the seven which is the result has not increased -- the percentage of out-and-out wildcat drilling. The of error in looking for it has been other six were proved on sites se decreased. lected by a new method of X-raying Let's look into the facts of the the deep structures of the earth. matter as related to the physical This new method is called the "Re- Photographing 15,000 fee! This material furnished through courtesy Herht flection Seismograph" method of geophysical exploration which has been actively used for about six years. Today it is in almost univer sal use and constitutes one of the most valuable tools at the command of the petroleum geologist. Contrary to the popular concep tion, the seismograph does not in dicate definitely the presence of oil. It does, however, indicate clearly where it is possible that oil may be found. The geophysical seismograph, as developed for this work, is an adap tation of two instruments which have been in scientific use for a con siderable period of time. Seismo graph machines in scientific institu tions throughout the world have been used for the recording of earthquakes. These, of course, are actuated by the natural vibrations and movements set up by the cool ing and shrinking of the earth's crust. The geophysical or reflection seismograph, as adapted for petro- Inside oi record ing truck. The seismograph in struments are in the forward end oi the truck, and are controlled from the lower panel. On the left are the nine teen amplifiers used with this particular outfit. Page four ETHYL NEWS ETC 22363 ling feet y Herbtt Mother Earth Underground Hoover, Jr., President United Geophysical Co. leum exploration, consists of a group of seismograph instruments actuated through a series of pickup units, or Geophones, which are spotted over the territory being explored. The impulses sent in by the geophones originate from a shot of dynamite placed below the surface. The pick up units transmit not only the direct impulses of the blast, but also a se ries of reflections transmitted back to the surface from the successive strata encountered by the impulse or vibration as it travels downward into the earth. The records pro duced by the seismograph are inter preted in exactly the same manner as are the sound waves reflected back from the bottom of the ocean to the recording instrument of the "sonic depth finder," which has supplanted the old familiar lead formerly used by navigators. These reflected vibrations follow the laws of optics, i.e., the angle of reflection from the surface of the strata is equal to the angle of inci dence. They travel at rather definite velocities, ranging from as low as 1,500 feet per second through the weathered layer of loose, unconsoli dated surface material, to about 20,000 feet per second through granite beds at great depths. A seismograph party usually con sists of about fifteen men and five trucks. First, a surveyor' and rodman lay out the profile lines, set stakes to guide subsequent opera tions, determine the elevations of important points, and obtain per mits if necessary. Second, a drill crew, using equipment that is essen tially a miniature, easily portable, reproduction of an oil well rig, bore and shot holes. After the holes have been drilled the shooting and recording crews take over. A small charge of dyna mite -- about one to ten pounds -- is placed in the bottom of the hole and detonated electrically. The force of the explosion, while barely per ceptible on the surface, generates a seismic or sound wave which spreads out in all directions. Each time this wave encounters a new bed of ma terial as it travels downward, a small amount of it is reflected back toward the surface where it is picked up by the instruments associated with the recording truck. These exceedingly small reflection vibrations are re ceived by the pickup units, which are called geophones, placed on the surface of the ground, amplified by vacuum tubes and finally photo graphed on a strip of paper by a re cording oscillograph. In the latest types of recording equipment there are from twenty to thirty separate recording positions, each with its individual amplifier and associated equipment. Each am plifier is fed by four or more geo phones, making a total of approxi mately eighty, to one hundred and twenty of these units in use at one time. A geophone may be roughly com pared to a microphone in a telephone circuit. While the latter converts sound waves from the air into corresponding electrical currents, the geophone converts vibrations from the ground upon which it rests into similar electrical impulses. The frequencies involved are at the low end of the audio spectrum --from 10 to 200 cycles per second --as compared to the relatively high frequencies involved in radio, tele vision and telephone technique. The amplifiers must have a maximum voltage gain of about 95 decibels. Some form of automatic volume control is desirable which can hold the output amplitude constant while the input is varying at a rate of from <r The drill tower folds up and moves to the location for the shot hole. MARCH, 1939 vm The drill tower Is a complete miniature oil well drilling outfit, with draw world, rotary table, kelly, and mud pump. Power comes from the truck engine. Page five ETc 22364 This is the record shown by the nineteen seismographs* The surface of each structure encountered in the downward travel of the vibration sends back an echo* which is recorded on the paper* io to 20 decibels per second. The strength of the vibrations sent back to the geophone is in inverse pro portion to the square of the distance down and back, consequently the vibrations coming back from great depths must sometimes be multi plied by as much as 100,000 times by the automatic volume control in order to get a record which can be deciphered. The twenty odd amplifiers in each truck must be absolutely identical in their characteristics, and the sen sitivity, frequency response, phase shift and transient response must be held within equivalent limits of one decibel or less. Inasmuch as all of the equipment must be portable and operated from batteries, the filament and plate power consumption must be held to a minimum. Some idea of the technical complexity of the equipment may be gained from the fact that about 150 vacuum tubes of various types are used in each of the modern trucks. A recording oscillograph, in the usual applications to electrical or communications problems, is a seem ingly complicated three-element af fair designed to be operated under laboratory supervision. For seismo graph work it has been necessary to increase the number of elements to twenty or thirty, each of which will record identically with the others. In addition to this, the unit must be capable of maintaining accurate op eration over years of sendee in des erts, swamps or jungles; being transported by trucks, dugouts, camels, manpower, or whatever may be available. The photographic records are turned over to the field office for interpretation and calculation. A cross section or contour map is then prepared, showing the depth and position of each of the beds in the earth, together with the dip and strike at that point. This work is done almost entirely by men hav ing geologic training as a back ground. They, in turn, go over the results with the geologists of the oil companies, who evaluate the inter pretations and calculations and fin ally determine the probability of the existence of a possible oil field. In actual practice, it is not un usual to map the substrata as deep as 10,000 feet so accurately that sub sequent drilling has encountered the strata within 10 feet of the depth predicted in the survey. The engineer and physicist have thus provided the geologist with a new and immensely valuable tool. To use it intelligently, the geologist must understand the general prin ciples by which it works, its advan tages and limitations and evaluate the results in relation to all of the other information which may be at hand. The older and more experi enced members of the profession have been able to familiarize them selves with it during the process of its development, but many of the younger men find themselves at a decided disadvantage and in this re spect unless the fundamental prin ciples of geophysics have been a regular part of their college curricu lum. Th* (hot U filed electrically. TTp com** a little mud--and a record which enable! the geologist to draw a map of structures 15X00 feet underground. In shallow holes, the shot Is lowered by means of poles which hook together. When the charge reaches bottom, a simple twist unhooks the lowest Joint and the poles are recovered. Page six ETHYL NEWS ETC 22365 Providing Skilled Workers for Industry HE David Ranken Jr. School rounded training course in crafts Tof Mechanical Trades, in St. manship. In performing these op Louis, was founded in 1907 to erations under rigid supervision for assist men in preparing and improtvhe duration of the courses, each of ing themselves in the mechanical the students becomes more valuable trades of their chosen craft, that to his employer. Every year the In they might rise to positions of great stitution's placement service receives er responsibility. Through the ful- more calls for trained workers than it has been able to supply. The an nual enrollment approximates 2,000. The evening Motor Tune-Up courses at the Ranken school re cently have become quite popular with automobile mechanics in the Mr. M. Reed Bast. Director of David Rankin Jr. School oi Mechanical Trades In St Louis. I attended your most interesting Motor Clinic last evening. It was indeed a well put-on affair and was interesting from start to finish. "It was of special interest to me because for many years I was a member of the Society of Automo tive Engineers and I recall that Mr. Midgley and `Boss' Kettering once put on a demonstration in New York at the S.A.E. convention. At that time they took the knock out of an engine by adding iodine. `Boss' Kettering stated that when they found some way in which to neutralize the corrosive action of Th. beautiful and well equipped building which houi.s the David Rankin Jr. School. fillment of these desires it was hoped that they would be taught the dig nity of labor and craftmanship. The original endowment has been augmented by other bequests and at present the sum available for the purpose totals more than four mil lion dollars, the income from which is used to pay salaries and other costs of instruction. A small fee is charged each student and the insti tution is operated on a non-profit basis. In the past few years the facili ties for training Automobile Me chanics have been enlarged so that now the modern service equipment here enables the students to receive practical training from competent instructors. Lectures, shop talks, and actually working on problems with automobiles comprise a well area. Various shop problems en countered are duplicated, analyzed and the necessary adjustments per formed for peak performance. The necessity of goo.d gasoline is stressed together with correct engine tuneup and an Ethyl demonstrating en gine serves to assist the instructors in emphasizing the relative impor tance of good motor fuel. Mr. Louie Wilson, Ethyl's St. Louis Repre sentative, has worked with Mr. M. Reed Bass, Director of the David Rankin Jr. School for the past sev eral years. Mr. Bass has been quick to take advantage of the possibili ties afforded his students in attend ing the Ethyl Motor Ginic and after his first visit early in January, had this to say, in a letter to Division Manager Harold Berg: "I am pleased to inform you that A David Rankin student makes a bench test on Ignition unit. iodine they might have an anti-knock gasoline. Later, Ethyl was produced. "Therefore, I tied up the demon stration last night with the one I saw many years ago and, of course, reacted to the thought `Isn't Mod em Science Wonderful.' " MARCH, 1939 Page seven ETC 22366 I AST year the three thousand I buses of the Greyhound system I___ ran up a mileage total equal to 600 trips to the moon. Their com i ; bined routes form a vast network of trails linking together every impor tant city in 45 states. If all the buses in daily operation were lined up side by side, fender touching fender, they would form a wall miles long. The largest single user of leaded fuel in America, Greyhound's an nual gasoline consumption runs to fifty million gallons. Today, when the very name "Greyhound" calls to mind a picture i, of streamlined luxury liners shut i. tling thousands of passengers across i j the United States, it is highly inter esting to look back--only a short while back--to the early days of the i business. The world's greatest bus system may be said to have begun in 1914 with two young men, a battered Hupmobile, and an idea. The locale was Hibbing, Minnesota -- "Iron Ore Capital of the World." The two young men were Andrew G. Anderson, better known as "Big Andy," and Carl Eric Wickman, an energetic chap of Swedish descent, f: who is today the operating genius %, of Greyhound. Their idea was to Beginning of the World s Greatei I 1; carry the miners from Hibbing to Charles Wenberg. had been a part tant. There were no towns along the town where most of them lived, ner, but he did not enjoy driving the way--just an occasional farm on regular scheduled runs at 15^ a cars and went back to the powder house standing by itself in a lonely ride--round trips 25^. business. After a while another waste of fallen timber. The road it Hibbing at this time was a town partner joined the two; they pur self was a thin layer of gravel sifted of amazing vitality. There were chased a Buick and opened a second over the clay, at times crossing miles 3,000 inhabitants and 70 saloons. In route from Hibbing out to the mines of treacherous muskeg bogs. In win the spring, when the lumberjacks themselves. Soon they bought a ter, there was the constant threat of came in from the surrounding for Hupmobile sedan for special trips. being snowed in along the way. An ests to spend their payday, the sher This was the first closed car in Hib other line had already announced iff would cruise up and down the bing--people walked miles to see it. plans to open a rival run. There streets in a truck. Stopping at each Business continued to grow. The were a dozen reasons against it-- bar, he would load the disabled on partners bought several truck chas but people had to be carried to and board like so many sacks of pota sis and mounted their own bodies from the city, and the Mesaba com toes and cart them off to the jail- on them. Serving the Mesaba iron pany was too young, too hardy to house. The roads were dirt, in dry ore range, they incorporated in 1916 be stalled along the road to its des weather; when it rained you stayed as the Mesaba Transportation Com tiny. on the wooden sidewalks. With the pany. That year they ordered a bus So they purchased a Packard iron ore in the nearby mines being with upholstered seats . . . green "Twin Six" and lengthened chassis stripped from beds sometimes only plush seats! It was on exhibition for and body to accommodate 14 passen four feet under the surface, the re three days. gers. Top and side curtains of gion was developing rapidly. In 1917, the thriving little com leather were fitted. The exhaust tail And as the iron ore business pany took a bold step and opened a pipe was led along the floor for a grew, so did the bus business. For route to Duluth. Nearest city to heater, and passengers were bundled a brief while, a young fellow named Hibbing, Duluth lay 75 miles dis deep in blankets against the bracing Page eight ETHYL NEWS ETC 22367 >f ^1 ^jre yhound ;ates Bus System air of northern Minnesota. It took a hero to pilot such a be hemoth, but Mesaba found him in the genial "Cliff" Graves. Six feet two, he was the pattern for the ideal bus driver of today--tireless, clear eyed, and always just a little bigger than any trouble that came along. His passengers were lumberjacks, miners, traveling salesmen, and once in a great while, a woman. Tiled rest rooms did not dot the road, as today. When a passenger wanted to stop, Cliff would bring the car to a lumbering halt near a clump of bushes and wait. One winter morning the bus left for Duluth in a heavy snowstorm. Aboard were two lumberjacks, a piston ring salesman, and a Hibbing policeman on his way to the Mayo clinic for a rheumatism cure. On the way they rescued a group from a stalled car. Heavily freighted, the bus would not ride over the drifts but would nose into them, piling up a heap in front. Twenty-three miles from Duluth late in the afternoon, the Packard finally met its match in a five-foot drift, and snapped a universal trying to buck through it. In gathering dusk, with the ther mometer at ten below zero, the pas sengers stumbled through banks of snow until they came to a lumber camp three miles down the road. The next day they hiked into Du luth, at one point walking right over the roof of a stalled car. Indeed, any trip in those early days was liable to be pitched on a note of high adventure. One time a stalled bus was being towed by a pair of touring cars pulling tandem. The towline led around the tie rod as well as the front axle, and before long both front wheels were toed in at an angle of 20 degrees. The cara van stopped; two burly lumberjacks bent the tie-rod straight, and -- heigh, ho! -- the party was again on its way. Another few miles, and the bus threw a wheel. The passen gers moved into the touring cars, arrived in Hibbing at two in the morning, and stormed a restaurant for their first meal in twelve hours. Luckily, the Mesaba Transporta tion Company was staffed with tire less workers. For them the day be gan at five in the morning and end ed at eleven o'clock or midnight. But they were putting through night runs, newspaper and mail contracts had been secured and with all the profits they purchased new equip ment. By 1921. they were running coaches in all directipns out of Hib bing. "Big Andy," driver of the original Hupmobile, was in charge of a crack run from Hibbing to Grand Rapids. In those days, when the bus was crowded inside, extra passengers rode the roof. Six stalwart fellows flagged down the bus one day at the Stevenson mine, paid their fares, and climbed to the roof. Andy was late that trip. He pushed along, making up time, till he came to a dip in the road where the highway ran under two railroad bridges then climbed a hill on the other side. With his foot to the floor, he roared down the slope and shot under the trestles at a mile a minute. He was halfway up the other slope before he remembered the miners. With something of a jolt he remembered also that passengers on the roof usually rode with their backs to the wind--and the clearance under the trestles was exactly 18 inches! Wfith his fingers crossed, he stopped and climbed to the bus top. All six men were spread-eagled on the roof, roaring with glee at their "airplane ride." All this while, other bus lines were growing throughout the 48 states. The Mesaba Transportation Company had been such a good training school that a number of the executives, including Mr. Wickman, sold their shares and bought up smaller lines. Several of these lines came together in a larger company 1915 Packard "Twin Six" lengthened for bus service--ancestor of today's coasMo-coast streamliners. (, MARCH, 1939 Page nine ETC 22368 ,> is ;h I Iw I** i I i mm- j|..ggps* |5 JgteJ ---__ --____" * i. '.I I fl, ir- `1.31 hwiltan AmoSi lu/fakvl ]I MREuNT* uHi l IfiTWf-** ~ Greyhound was able to absorb other powerful bus lines. Alliances with several railroads produced Cen tral Greyhound, Pennsylvania Grey hound, and others . . . until today, a map of the Greyhound routes makes an intricate and wonderful spiderweb covering the face of America. Over these routes are car ried thousands and thousands of passengers each year, riding at their ease in swift, luxurious coach es--riding at rates low enough to make possible for them all the won ders of traveling the great open road. >. ____ ~r Pickwick Stages, now a unit of the vast Greyhound System, was originally the Imperial Valley auto stage. The name Pickwick was wished on the line from the nickleodeon in front of which it stood in San Diego. `t nrr EPF? gnNK***^ *--V~1 ivv fTr- The 'luxury liner" of fifteen years ago. Blue Goose was one of the many lines absorbed in what was to become the Greyhound System. Other colorful names of the time were Swallow. Oriole and Purple Swan. dominated by the Great Northern Railroad; then there were more am bitious young men from that com pany who started their own lines, only to have them bought back into the fold. Gradually, out of the wel ter of offshoot companies, intermar riages and absorptions that leave a genealogy too tangled to describe, there emerged one great powerful system of coach lines unchallenged in its supremacy throughout the middle west, bearing the name of Greyhound. By a number of bold strokes. \%AV S'ri Li Page ten C. L. ("Cliff") Graves, now vice-president of Capitol Greyhound, when he was driving a 4-cylinder White between Hibblng and Grand Rapids in 1915. ETHYL NEWS ETC 22369 Spark Plugs often Perform like "Old Faithful " her ith en- "/^\LD FAITHFUL" erupts devised a method for measuring A full description of this appara ey* I J hourly, but seldom at ex- these variations in ignition timing tus is given in a report which has ay, \w/ act 60-minute intervals. between cylinders. been prepared, summarizing the tes The same pattern of variation may The instrument used is shown studies made over several years on ful occur in the ignition timing of an diagrammatically in Figure i and a the effect of imperfect distribution of automobile. If differences occur in representative film record obtained and manifolding on the anti-knock ar- (. the spark advance for individual with it in a road test is shown in ratings of fuels in multi-cylinder of cylinders, they cause variations in Figure 2. engines. at the relative knocking tendency of :h- the cylinders and thus complicate to the problem of rating the anti-knock >n- value of fuels. *en Advancing or retarding the igni MMM CINEMA FILM GENERATOR | . WPOI8NTW: " tion timing of an automobile engine increases or decreases the tendency of the engine to knock. Any varia S STEEL ^ WEED--^ * VuOniLvT ImONuIiTTIlOnMu STORAOE COIL BATTERY " tions in the ignition timing of indi vidual cylinders under any fixed condition of speed and load cause differences in the knocking tenden cies of the cylinders. These effects, in conjunction with variations in knocking tendencies due to differences in air-fuel ratio and cylinder temperatures, deter mine the knocking tendencies of in dividual cylinders. Variations in ignition timing in PUSH SUTTON SWITCH * TO S VOLT STORASE BATTERY MAGNETIC PICK UP FOR INOICATIN0 POINTS $0 AND 240 DEGREES AFTER TOP OEAD CENTER FOR CYLINDER HO.I -- the several cylinders may be due to distributor characteristics or the dis tributor drive, usually the latter. FIG. I DIAGRAMMATIC SKETCH OF AN INSTRUMENT FOR RECORDING ON CINEMA FILM THE IGNITION TIMING IN THE INDIVIDUAL CYLINDERS OF A MULTICYLINDER ENGINE. The Ethyl Gasoline Corporation has i8 o 3 S A Fig, 2 Thi> cinema film, exposed by the instrument shown diagrammatically above during acceleration oi an eight-cylinder car on the road, U a record of the ignition timing of each cylinder. The left edge of the firing mark under each number indicates the instant of ignition. The unnumbered lines are fly-wheel reference marks, 180 degrees apart The oscillatory curve at the top U a record of the movement of the constant-frequency vibrator. Note that the firing mark for number one cylinder U intentionally made wider by the apparatus In order to Identify that cylinder and thus the firing order. Ignition timing of the individual cylinder U read from a curve of angular displacement of the crankshaft versus time, oh- tained from the flywheel reference points. MARCH, 1939 Page eleven TC 22370 t \ t t i Front door and unusual stairway at COTTAGE GARDENS, home ol the Foster family. Built In the 1790's and at one time owned by Don Jose Vidal, acting Governor of the Natchez Territory at the time of Spanish evacuation (1798). RAVENNA. Home of Mrs. R. L Metcalfe, built by the Hards family in 1835 or 1839. Purchased by Oren Metcalfe shortly before the war between the States. During the war, the bayou which surrounds the place, was used by Mrs. Met calfe to slip supplies through the Yankee lines to the Confederates camped on the edge of town. NatchezWhere the Old South still Lives OR the eighth consecutive year, in the Union and from several for Fhistoric Natchez, Mississippi, is eign countries--if last year's regis busily preparing to welcome her tration is any indication. guests for the Annual Pilgrimage of These thousands of cars bearing the Natchez Garden Club. From the nation's assortment of license March 20th through April 2nd vis plates -- traveling the road to the itors will converge from every state Old South -- will present a strik ing contrast to the travelers of by gone times. Rolling along the his toric old Natchez Trace, autoists may picture the former succession of Indian runners, Pony Express, stage coach, stately plantation car riages and spirited horses. As these I Home of Dr. and Mn. Dunbar Shield* and of Mr*. A. R. Baldwin Built in 1824 by William Bisland on land* granted his Father, of New York. A perfect example of an early plantation house. John Bisland. by the Spanish Crown in 1782. House and lands still in possession of the descendants of the original owners. Page twelve ETHYL NEWS ETC 22371 where Jefferson Davis was married to the "Rose of Mississippi." Jeff Davis' carriage lamps now light the front columns of this beautiful ex ample of the more intimate cottage- type of architecture. Entering the mansions -- each distinguished for its particularly fine entrance, or its unusual hanging stairway, or its gracious collection of priceless china and silver, or per haps for the rare beauty of its origi nal furnishings, draperies, wall paper, oil paintings -- one is greet ed by charming hostesses in the treasured costumes and jewels of their forebears -- former belles of the old Natchez. Countless candles give the illusion one is indeed back in the olden days. The whole atmo ROSALIE. Built by Peter B. Little about 1820, oi home burned bricki and materials col lected in the Natchez district over a period oi seven years. The grounds (up hill behind house) include the site oi the Old Fort Rasalie oi French and Indian days, the scene oi the bloody massacre oi 1729. sphere is quiet, soothing, mellow and wholly appropriate to the setting of fine mansions in their lovely gar dens. A modern touch is noted in the "horseless carriages" pour into Aaron Burr and Blennerhasset met almost inevitable architect or artist Natchez their "fodder" require in 1807. Here may be seen the house eagerly making thumb-nail sketches ments pyramid gasoline sales in a where the great Audubon made of an unusual portico or stair, cor way extremely gratifying to the in many of his finest bird studies; the nice or door-jamb, mirror, chair or dustry. With the proverbial hospitality of the Southland, Natchez throws fine old plantation where Henry Clay was a frequent visitor; the home where gifted John Howard silver service. For in Natchez, the present fully appreciates the past and this Pilgrimage is one of Amer open its portals. One steps back in Payne, author of Home, Sweet ica's ever-increasing gestures to to the past--to the halcyon days just preceding the war between the states, to those leisured, courtly days Home, was a favorite guest; the delightful plantation perched on the high bluffs of the Father of Rivers, bridge the gap, keep alive the pio neering spirit and build on the foun dations laid by our forefathers. before the serene and happy reign of King Cotton was cut short. And back much further to the many races and flags that have striven for CONNELLY'S TAVERN on ELLICOTT'S HILL, where Aaron Burr and Blennerhaxiett held secret conclave! in 1807. This once famous inn of the Natchez Trace, built during the Spanish regime in 179S (or earlier), was kept first as a tavern by Patrick Connelly. possession of that rich land -- In dian, French, English, and Spanish. Each regime has left its romantic flavor to enrich the atmosphere. As one follows the route of the tour from each famous Antebellum mansion to the next, he is told of the dozens of historic happenings and personalities that centered in Natchez. Connelly's Tavern on the original Natchez Trace, restored and reopened last year, where An drew EUicott raised the first Amer ican flag in the great southwest. This was in the year 1796, after he had been commissioned by Presi dent Washington to determine the boundary between the U. S. and Spanish territory. At the same inn. MARCH, 1939 Page thirteen ETC 22372 Garage Holds Monthly "Customer Clinic" AN enterprising service station /A operator in Chicago, Victor / \ Meyer of Vic's Super Ser vice, holds an open house "customer clinic" once a month in his own tune-up shop -- and the enthusiasm with which his friends and regular customers attend the meetings is really surprising. Representatives of various auto motive equipment and supply com panies are given the opportunity each month of addressing the group, which is seated in the shop con nected with the filling station. At first glance it would seem a dis couraging task, trying to interest customers into coming to such meet ings, but attendance so far has ex ceeded all expectations. At the sec ond meeting, devoted to the story of Ethyl Gasoline, 65 people came in spite of bad weather. Questioning of the customers in the audience, to find their reasons for coming, revealed they were really interested in what Meyer had to say to them because he had won their confidence by giving consis tently good service. Though his shop is small in size, it is remarkably complete -- equipped for battery, tire or brake service, general re pairs, scientific tune-up, and prac tically anything else a motorist might need including "headlamp re flectors re-silvered while you wait." The garage has not only attracted attention in its own neighborhood, it has won a loyal following through such services as pulling stalled cars out of mudholes and snowdrifts, changing batteries in the motor ist's own garage, or sending out truck and service car whenever needed. "Vic" has also won many supporters by improving the per formance of their cars. Knowing how they appreciate this, he consis tently pushes Ethyl and scientific tune-up. Malthusian Oil Theory (Continued from Page 1) twice that amount -- 14,260,000,000 barrels of crude oil -- was taken from the earth. In 1921, the same agency reported 9,000,000,000 bar rels available but in the 12 years following, there was produced in excess of 10,000,000,000 barrels of oil. In 1934, the Geological Survey, undaunted, raised its estimate of pe troleum reserves to 13,250,000,000. For many years the discovery of oil has proceeded more rapidly than its consumption and estimates of oil reserves are constantly being re vised upward. Improved methods of discovery are tapping immense sup plies of oil two or more miles below the surface of the earth, the exis tence of which would riot have been believed possible until comparatively recent years. Deeper and deeper goes the search for oil. Increasing knowledge indicates that the petroleum reserves are far more extensive than generally sup posed. But even when and as the petroleum reserves are depleted in the future, there will be no shortage of gasoline. According to experts of the U. S. Geological Survey, enough gasoline can be made from the na tion's coal deposits to supply Amer ican motorists for 2,000 years. Human ingenuity and inventive genius thus have before them a pe riod of time longer than the Chris tian era in which to develop new sources of fuel to feed the nation's automobile. Page fourteen ETHYL NEWS ETC 22373 America s First Advertising Man--Benjamin Franklin HE Poor Richard Club of Phil for his accomplishments, and as an Tadelphia annually pays tribute able representative of the new tele to Benjamin Franklin, whom vision industry. Mr. Sarnoff's en they consider America's first advetrertaining address was made even tising man, on his birthday. The more interesting by an actual tele 233rd anniversary, celebrated this vision broadcast. He spoke from a January 17th with impressive cere nearby studio, from which his face monies during the day, reached a and voice were televised to a screen climax at the club banquet in the and loud speaker on the banquet golden splendor of the Bellevue- hall stage. This was the first time Stratford Hotel ballroom. This year in the world such a presentation ly banquet is one of the most im was ever made. Television, he de portant events on the advertising clared, will probably be presented to calendar. the public this year. David Sarnoff, President of the Guests at the banquet were en Radio Corporation of America, was tertained by headline acts from the present this year to receive the radio, screen and stage before and Club's Gold Medal of Achievement after Mr. Sarnoff's talk. Walter O'Keefe, master of ceremonies on "Tune-Up Time," presided over the festivities with his usual enthusiasm and wit. Ethyl was represented by Mr. Webb, as well as Messrs. Kaley, McElroy, Gonzalez and Weston. From Ethyl's New York Division were Messrs. Murphy, Goltz, Little field and Locher. Mr. E. O. Bretz, Chairman of the Poor Richard Club's banquet com mittee, made arrangements for Ethyl's share in the program. Mr. Bretz and his associates in the Gulf Oil Corporation, through their kind interest, helped make the celebra tion most enjoyable for everyone. James T. Grady of Corporation s Staff Honored t>y American Institute evening of Thursday, February 2nd, cited him "for his pioneer work in promoting accuracy of science re porting which has resulted in a heightened confidence and apprecia tion of the work of scientists in the public mind." John J. O'Neill, science editor of the New York Herald Tribune, in presenting Mr. Grady for the Fel lowship, said: "It is my privilege and pleasure tonight to present a man who has intentionally remained unknown to fame but who has made scores of other men famous, who has brought into existence a new profession -- human relations engineering -- and who has created an intellectual AMES T. GRADY, consultant super-power system. J in public relations for the "It is impossible to tell in a few Ethyl Gasoline Corporation, minutes the story of this craftsman for more than a dozen years, haosf the newspaper profession who be been elected a Fellow of the Amer came a master moulder of public ican Institute of the City of New opinion, and who put all of our uni York "for distinguished service in versities on a higher plane of use the interpretation of science." A fulness. I must confine myself to a certificate of Fellowship, presented few brief comments. to Mr. Grady at a dinner of the "Mr. Grady was born in Winsted, American Institute at the Hotel Conn., educated at Harvard and at Pierre in New York City on the Columbia Law School and worked for many years as a practical news paperman. After long editorial ser vice on the New York Tribune, he was called to the School of Journal ism, Columbia University, to teach practical newspaper work. Always an indefatigable worker, he also as sumed direction of the publicity of the university a little over twenty years ago. "At that time universities did not recognize the need of organized pub lic information. They lived in a state of splendid isolation, but when Mr. Grady came into the picture, the change was a remarkable one. "He demonstrated that there is romance and news of primary im portance in fields that were formerly considered dry as dust. He demon strated that the most difficult scien tific or engineering story could be reduced to simple terms and could be told accurately in straight news paper style with enough punch to enable it to hold its own against the best murder, political or financial story. "For this accomplishment he richly deserves the recognition be stowed on him tonight." MARCH, 1939 Page fifteen ETC 22374 I Ethyl Is Set to Music } AT the recent banquet for the Chicago Divir~\ sion, the quartet of Yates, Dollahan, Rob/ \ erts and Crane created quite a stir by rendering the "Song of the Lead Field Mice," which they had composed for the occasion. Sung in the key of C, to the melody oi "When It's Springtime in the Rockies," the song makes quite a piece of music. It was sent in to the "News" by Jim Boudreau, and runs as follows: "When it's Tune-up time for Ethyl And O'Keefe is on the air, Kostelanetz wields the Baton, For Kay Thompson's singers fair. All the world will hear our story, How we tune for Ethyl Gas, And the other cars move over As ours go gliding past. Now their knocks are but dim memories, And their over-heating too, As they're getting better mileage, Thanks to Ethyl and her crew. Now we all take pride and glory, In this program and its Stars, And within another year or two, We'll have Ethyl in all cars." ,wci*V 1 \ * NEWSBR1EFS We welcome to the Accounting De After nine years of faithful service to We extend our hearty congratulations partment, Mrs. Eunice Cabot Sauls. Eunice the Company, Jean Basch Carswell re to Mr. and Mrs. Daniel C. Walsh who is a graduate of Hampton Bays High signed her position as Secretary to Paul were married on February 4th. The bride School and attended Bucknell University McElroy and departed for Baton Rouge, is the former Miss Frankie Toups of for three years. In her spare time at the La. A farewell surprise party was given Baton Rouge and the groom is a chemist University she did secretarial work in in her honor a few nights before she left in our Control Laboratory in that city. the Laboratory of Bacteriology. Before and about fifteen girls joined in the busi joining the Ethyl family she was asso ness of making Jean's departure not too u ciated with the Standard Oil Company of sad a one. New Jersey. Eunice's favorite hobby is Jean's husband, Joe, joined our E.L.A. her nineteen-months'-old daughter. Plant in Baton Rouge during the sum mer and she finally has headed for the southland to join him. It is with sin For the fourth consecutive year, a representative of the Baltimore Division of the Ethyl Gasoline Corp. has been assigned to the General Motors Caravan. William J. Ryan has already joined and he and Charlie Welch from the Kansas City Division will be in charge of the exhibit for the coming year. Fritz Mercer, who was in charge of the Ethyl exhibit during 1938 and who has now returned to the Baltimore Di vision, will make his headquarters in We wish you luck, Jean, and don't forget to stop in and see us when, as and if you ever get back to New York. Benjamin Pecherer, a re- , cent addition to theChemical Re cere regret that we announce the death, on Feb ruary 19th, of Kenneth Paul Murray at the Mount Vernon Hospital,follow ing an illness of two months. He was twenty-six years old and Charlotte, N. C. Roy Musick has joined search Labora the Field Staff of the N. Y. Division. tories, Detroit, was bom and was control chemist for the Yonkers Laboratory. Kenneth Murray was born in New York received his ear City and moved to Mount Vernon with t) t* !i At a recent monthly meeting of the General Motors Club of Atlanta, Joe Costello was elected President for the ensuing term of six months. These Clubs, which are operated under the direction of the Department of Public Relations in New York, are composed of the Man agers and Assistant Managers of the various divisions of General Motors in key cities throughout the United States. There are somewhere between_40 and SO of the Clubs at the present time and it is the intention to increase them in other cities as they are warranted. This election was all a big surprise to Joe as he was on a business trip when ly education in that city. He at tended the Uni versity of Michi gan from 1933 to 1938; received the degree of B.S. with Distinction and Honors in Chemistry in- June, 1937, and the following year was awarded an M.S. degree. He specialized in organic and physical chemistry, mathematics and physics. Ben was an Alumni Scholar from 1933 to 1937 and Paul Bagley Scholar in Chemistry from 1936 to 1937. He was elected to Phi Beta Kappa and Phi Kappa Phi fraternities. His favorite his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Edward V. Murray, at the age of six years. He attended DeWitt Clinton School, and after being graduated from Davis High School entered Manhattan College, New York City, where he was awarded a Bachelor of Science degree in 1934. During the year following he was in structor in the chemistry department at Manhattan. He joined the Yonkers Labo ratory Staff in May, 1936. Just prior to his illness he was making preparations to leave with his wife for Kansas City, where he was to have continued his asso ciation with the Ethyl Gasoline Corpora tion. the meeting was held and knew nothing forms of diversion are music, reading about it until he got back. and walking. Page sixteen ETHYL NEWS ETC 22375 n 4 is 10 le st V. Lament of an Ethyl Wife n Cv can't live life as some wives can, M.y husband is an Ethyl man. He phones, he writes reports in piles! (That's when he's home) and ugly files Fill up my rooms; no shows I've seen-- We live, breathe, talk, eat gasoline! And then--so good wives could turn cynics They had to think up Ethyl Clinics! I'm low, I'm down, I'm in the dumps-- I'll go throw rocks at Ethyl pumps! 00*. that you say? You never could See that this Ethyl was much good? Oh! You're mixed up! It's full of lead So doesn't bum your piston head Or grind your valves; it keeps the gum From getting in the sparks, and some Small octane thing, when lessened, Will always keep you well compressioned. There's not a ding--or is it ping? This Ethyl is the only thing! --Author Unknown ETC 22376 They hold the altitude record for birds. High in the rare, thin air... the earth 29,000 feet below... geese are the unchallenged masters of the strato sphere . . . until a gasoline-propelled bird climbs high above them. Up, up, up the man-made bird flies ... up where even the strongest goose could not find enough air to flap his wings against or to supply his overworked lungs. For even nature's fliers have their limits. But what is man's limit? There is none...unless it is possible to believe a limit can be reached in im provements of fuels and engines. And that you will never admit. Advances in aviation will continue to come from the steady improvements of fuels and en gines. It is with this in mind that Ethyl engineers are daily aiding in research so that aviation will always have available fuels that permit further progress. ETHYL GASOLINE CORPORATION, manufacturer of anti-knockfluids containing tetraethyl lead ETC 22377 APRIL 1939 Leaders Preferred THE BOSS drives his men; THE LEADER coaches them. THE BOSS depends upon authority; THE LEADER on good-will. THE BOSS inspires fear; THE LEADER inspires enthusiasm. THE BOSS says "I"; THE LEADER says "We." THE BOSS assigns the tasks; THE LEADER sets the pace. THE BOSS says "Get here on time"; THE LEADER gets there ahead of time. THE BOSS fixes the blame for the breakdown; THE . LEADER fixes the breakdown. THE BOSS makes work a drudgery; THE LEADER makes it a game. THE BOSS says "go"; THE LEADER says "Let's go." ETC 22379 ETHYL GASOLINE CORPORATION CHRYSLER BUILDING NEW YORK CITY W. CARY HARRIS Editor RUSSELL B. WESTON NORTHROP CLAREY, JR. Associate Editors 9 Correspondents J. A. COSTELLO...........................Atlanta F. S. CRONIN..........................Baltimore D. S. FLYNN.................................Boston A. B. WYRICK............................ .Chicago R. R. FALLER.......................... .Dayton H. L. NIXON...................... .Kansas City CARL ABELL......................Los Angeles R. L GOLTZ.........................New York J. N. FITZGERALD.................. .Toronto H. G DEES................................ .Tulsa R. K. SCALES.......... Engineering Dept. ARTHUR P. STOVER....... Mfg. Dept. J. C. POPE....... Gasoline Testing Dept. E. J. NIESER....... Administration Dept. HUBERT FOSSETT...................... London THE MATERIAL IN THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRINTED PROVIDED DUE CREDIT IS GIVEN THE "ETHYL NEWS" OR ETHYL GASOLINE CORPORATION UNLESS IT IS A COPYRIGHTED ARTICLE. VOL 6. No. 4 What the Motorist Owes the Chemist REDIT for a large share of the reduction in the retail price of the C automobile was given to the chemist recently by Mr. T. A. Boyd, head of the Fuel Department of General Motors Research Labora tories and co-discoverer with Mr. Thomas Midgley, Jr., of tetraethyl lead, in a discussion of "The Motorcar's Debt to the Chemist." His address was in the nature of an interview of the "Mysteries of Chemistry" and the program was broadcast by WCAU in Philadelphia in co-operation with the Philadelphia Section of the American Chemical Society. The speaker related a dramatic story of the chemist's role in the develop ment of the automobile, all of which has helped materially to reduce the price of cars to the buyer. He pointed out that between 1925 and 1937 the retail price of cars was lowered on an average of $300 per vehicle, thus saving the purchaser 30 per cent at the same time he was getting a bigger and a better automobile. Mr. Boyd, a research worker in the automobile industry for nearly 20 years, started with tires to trace the chemist's contribution to the automo tive industry. He cited the discovery 100 years ago by Charles Goodyear, who began his experiments with rubber in the yard of a Philadelphia prison to which he had been committed for debt, that mixing rubber with sulphur and then heating the mixture changed gum elastic from a useless stuff, sticky and runny in summer and hard and brittle in winter, into one of the most useful materials in the world. Besides the fact that "tires now cost only one-third as much and last five times as long as they did 30 years ago," the research chemist pointed out that "each car now has 250 or more parts of rubber" and that "80 per cent of all rubber goes into automobiles." To the chemist and metallurgist, he gave credit for the elimination of waste in the iron and steel industry, and for the development of alloy steels as materials of construction, as high-speed cutting tools and as means of resisting oxidation and reducing the necessity of frequent valve-grinding. Also, "the materials with which cars are being finished nowadays are al most entirely synthetic chemical products," thereby "reducing the time needed to paint a car body from the four to nine days, formerly required, to but a few hours." Citing the chemist's gift in the matter of the investigation of petroleum, back in 1855, and the subsequent developments in the refining of gasoline, Mr. Boyd explained that, "while all these improvements have been yielding more and better gasoline, the retail price of gasoline, exclusive of taxes, has (Continued on page 16) IN THIS ISSUE Leaders Preferred What the Motorist Owes the Chemist The International Pan American Airport They're "From Missouri" and Give "Tune-Up Time" a Hand Ethyl Clinic Welcomed to Mobile Rugged Individualism Under the Hood Elgin vs. Chicago Planning Highways from the Sky Extra: Ethyl Captures Rose Bowl Cup Nation's Police Efficiently In creased by Automobiles as Crime Fighters A Little Known Industry Marks Its Fortieth Year New York World's Fair Traffic Ethyl Is Host at New Tulsa Lab oratory Offices Ronan Comes to New York Gen eral Office Changes of Management in Divi sion Service Awards Newsbriefs ETC 22380 The International Pan American Airport IAMI, Florida, has rightful The large fleet of giant Sikorsky cated here. These samples are shipped M ly been called "The Gate flying boats maintains strict sched way of the Air between the ules between the Americas with rail Americas," for here is locatedroathderegularity. These Clippers are Pan American International Air powered by four huge engines, hav port. ing 750 horsepower each. They have This port bounded by Biscayne a capacity of 19 tons, including 32 Bay on the East and South Bay- passengers, crew of 6, 3^ tons of shore Drive on the West, has been fuel (1,240 gallons) and tons of classified by aviation authorities as mail, express and baggage. Their from every point on Pan Ameri can's 54.066 miles of system and tests are made to make certain that all the gasoline and oil meets exact ing company specifications. Gasoline of the following octane numbers is used throughout the Sys tem : 73. 80. 87. 90 and 95 (C.F.R. method), the last four being leaded Aerial view of world's largest ma fuel. rine base -- the International Pan Pan American's fuel specifications American Airport at Miami, Fla. are as follows: i .. Distillation Range. one of the world's finest marine air bases. Since more than 50,000 passengers arrive and depart from here annually, it leads all cities in the Western hemisphere as a port of entry for air travelers from for eign lands. Pan American Airway's Chemical laboratory, located at the Interna-" tional Pan American Airport. cruising speed is 150 miles per hour, Refuelling and dressing down one of the famed flying Clippers of Pan American Air* ways. This beautiful airport is one of top speed 190 and they have a flying Florida's outstanding show places range of 1,200 miles non-stop. Not less than 10% evaporated at and attracts up to 100,000 visitors The world's largest aircraft han 158 Fahrenheit. per month during the winter season gar is located at this base. This Not less than 50% evaporated at and an average of 25,000 a month enormous steel structure, three stor 2120 Fahrenheit. the year around. The terminal build ies high, houses one of the most Not less than 909c evaporated at ing overlooking Biscayne Bay is one modern equipped aircraft shops. It 2570 Fahrenheit. of the world's finest, being similar was designed, to accommodate the The vapor pressure at ioo F. to Pan American's terminal at Rio. Clipper ships of the future, whose shall not exceed 7 pounds/in2. The It is flanked by four sheltered piers wing spans, officials say, will be sulphur content shall not exceed s where a like number of Clipper ships enormous. 0.10%. The gum content shall not 1 can be loaded or unloaded simul The central control room in the exceed 6 m.g. per gallon. taneously. terminal building is the nerve center Here are some interesting facts . (. The trip from here to Havana, of Pan American's Eastern Division. pertaining to the operation of the I Cuba or Nassau by flying Clipper It is connected with the near-by pow Pan American Airway System: ships requires only two hours. Be erful radiotelegraph station whose Miles of airways in operation, tween breakfast and lunch time Haiti, transmitters flash messages to other 54,066; Countries and colonies Jamaica and Mexico are reached and ground stations to the South and to served. 51; Passengers carried, over 51 ;t all the West Indies to Puerto Rico Clipper ships in the air. 1,086,000; Passenger miles flown and even Panama and Northern From the four corners of the over, 398,200,000; Ground radio con i ' South America are easily within a earth, Hong Kong, China; South trol stations operated, 143; Airliners day's journey. With no night flying, ampton, England; Fairbanks, Alas in operation, 130; Regularity of X, the trip to Rio de Janeiro, which is ka and Buenos Aires, Argentina, schedule maintained, 98.09%; Per 6,000 miles away, is made in five fuel is sent to be tested in Pan sons employed, 5.000, of which 650 i ? days. American's Chemical Laboratory lo are located in Miami. ! )! i i Page two a ETHYL NEWS ETC 22381 ---- ! > They're "From Missouri" and Give "Tune-Up Time" a Hand HE following "Resolution" drawn up in proper parli Tamentary form, was sent recently to the Program Direc tor of the Columbia Broadcasting System who in turn for warded it to our office in the Chrysler Building. Although we receive hundreds of letters each week concerning the Radio program, "Tune-Up Time," the testimonial from these five young attorneys in Missouri is so unusual and evidently sin cere, we print it herewith: RESOLUTION WHEREAS we, the undersigned, are all residents of the cities of Liberty and Excelsior Springs, State of Missouri, WHEREAS we, the undersigned, at certain hours on the nights of Monday, Tuesday, Thursday and Friday of each week are all passengers in one and the same automobile and have made it our custom and practice to listen to the various commercial radio programs then and there produced and presented over various radio stations, WHEREAS we, the undersigned, are members of the male sex, range in age from twenty-three to twenty-six years and are not entertainers or are specialists in any way in the field of radio, WHEREAS we, the undersigned, have carefully listened to and and considered the various commercial programs being produced at such times and have discussed the merits and possible demerits of such programs among ourselves. NOW THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED that the program entitled "TUNE-UP TIME," featuring Walter O'Keefe and others, and being sponsored by the Ethyl Corporation, be singled out and chosen by the undersigned as the best, most entertaining and most enjoyed radio program presented over the radio during such times and that the producers of said program be duly notified of such a selection. IN WITNESS WHEREOF we have hereunto set our hands and seals this 27th day of February, A.D. 1939. APRIL, 1939 Ethyl Clinic Welcomed to Mobile HE Mobile showing of Ethyl's TAtlanta Division Clinic was in augurated on the night of Febru ary 16th before a preview audience of 154 men representing the follow ing industries: Gulf Refining Com pany, Standard Oil Company of Ken tucky, Ford Motor Company, The Texas Company, Pure Oil Company, Sinclair Refining Company, Shell Petroleum Corp., Kitrell Milling Dodge Company, Packard Motors, Quigley Specialty Company (Buick and Pontiac), Quigley Motors (Cadillac-Olds GMC), Adams Chevrolet Company, Hamrick Nash, Gulf Coast Studebaker Company, Barnes Chrys ler Company, Cobb Hudson Com pany, Alabama Power and Light, Pan Am. Petroleum Corp., Wofford Oil Company (Pure Oil), Interna tional Truck. Also present were rep resentatives from ten fleets and from the press. Judge B. H. Turner, one of Mo bile's leading citizens, was introduced by Mr. T. H. Tennent, Alabama rep resentative for the Ethyl Gasoline Corporation, who presided over the meeting. Judge Turner officially opened the show and welcomed the Clinic to the city. He remarked that Mobile would derive considerable benefit from the extensive program being carried out by the Clinic and that speaking for the city as well as for every man in the audience, the Atlanta Division Clinic would re ceive all possible cooperation. The car for the demonstration was secured from Mr. Quigley, President of the Alabama Motor Dealers As sociation, and judging by the com ments heard after the meeting, was a direct factor in switching several fleets over to Ethyl. The Qinic remained in Mobile ' until March 28th, going there fol lowing a very successful stay of al most two months in New Orleans. Page three ETC 22382 Rugged Individualism Under the Hood UTOMOBILE engines are AA composed of 4 to 16 individ/ ' ual cylinders. Each is an engine in itself. Each has its own temperatures and ignition timing and burns different - fuels at unlike mixture ratios. Only one or two of the cylinders may knock on a given fuel, yet they are the ones which determine the knock rating. Automo bile engines must be "taken apart" cylinder by cylinder in order to get a correct understanding of fuel knocking characteristics. Under conditions of low-speed op eration at wide-open throttle, where knocking usually occurs, gasoline is only partially vaporized in the intake manifold of the automobile engine. The vaporized portion is distributed approximately equally to the cylin ders, but the unvaporized heavy ends are differentially distributed. The unequal distribution of the un vaporized heavy ends gives rise to three typical mixture conditions in a multi-cylinder engine as follows: 1. One or more A-type cylinders may receive only light ends vapor ized in the carburetor and manifold, and substantially no liquid heavy ends. 2. One or more B-type cylinders may receive vaporized light ends and liquid heavy ends in such proportions that the composition of the fuel and ratio of weight of air to weight of fuel are substantially the same as for the mixture leaving the carburetor. 3. One or more C-type cylinders may receive a normal charge of vapo rized light ends and liquid heavy ends similar to that entering the Btype cylinders, and, in addition, the liquid heavy ends which under con ditions of perfect distribution would have entered the A-type cylinders. The fuel in the A-type cylinders has the highest intrinsic anti-knock value and the mixtures in these cylin ders are usually nearest the air-fuel ratio for maximum knock. The fuel in the C-type cylinders has the low est intrinsic anti-knock value and the mixtures in these cylinders are ordi narily farthest from the air-fuel ratio for maximum knock. The mixtures in the B-type cylinders are intermedi ate in both respects. It has been found that differences in the air-fuel ratios of the mixtures in the cylinders have a greater influence on the relative knocking tendency of the three types must or cur, rcuccur oonu.eD The antiknock value of 10 equal cuts of a typical commercial base gasoline, tap* orated by simple distillation, is shown on this graph. Note that the octane value varies from 85 for the first 10%, or light est fraction, to 52 for the last 10%, or heaviest fraction. engine designed to permit a study under controlled conditions of the effects on knocking caused by variations of fuel distribution in the multicylinder engine. Page{our sampling valve withdraws samples of exhaust gas directly from each cylinder in studies of fuel distribution. ETHYL NEWS ETC 22383 of cylinders than variations in the intrinsic anti-knock value of the fuel in the cylinders. As a consequence, lean cylinders of the A-tvpe have the greatest knocking tendency and rich cylinders of the C-type the least. Through the use of special mani folds on the single-cylinder fuel knock testing engine, it is possible to stimu late the effects of differential distribu tion of heavy ends of the fuel in the car engine. Variations in ignition timing due to wear of the distributor or distrib utor drive and differences in tempera tures from cylinder to cylinder fur ther influence the knocking tendency of the individual cylinders. Differences in fuel distribution, temperatures and ignition timing among the cylinders are of great im portance to manufacturers of auto mobiles and gasolines. Automotive engineers and oil refiners are study ing this problem as related to their products in an effort to reduce dif ferences in operating conditions among individual cylinders and to minimize the effects of such differ ences. The laboratories of the Ethyl Gas oline Corporation, in cooperation with the oil and automotive indus tries, are engaged in continuous stud ies of the inseparable problems that arise in the development of engines and fuels. The indication of increased complexity of such problems in the future suggests the desirability of the closest possible cooperation in re search on these mutual problems. in vs. Chicago KILLED craftsmen have always to perform the job expertly and effi S taken great pride in competing ciently after which he is given an ex with other craftsmen of ability. amination to prove his ability. A cer It is not surprising that the new intificate or diploma is awarded a man terest created in engine '`Tune-up" completing the course, certifying to and the expert instruction available his training and qualifications. has stimulated contests between With the cooperation of the Leech teams. Auto Parts Company and the Brown The Allen Electric Company has Battery and Electric Company, both organized Tune-up Schools and located in Elgin, Illinois, an Allen They carefully checked, also graded each successive step in properly tun ing the engine. Five points was con sidered a perfect score for each of these steps. The two Elgin teams took first and second place with scores of too and 99, the Chicago men following right behind with 95 and 90 respectively. Each service man in the contest un- Elgin end Chicago teams iogsthsr with judges. Photograph taken at the start of the contest every phase of modern automobile engine maintenance and adjustment is included in the twelve weeks' course. Classes consist of a lec ture period with illustrations, fol lowed by practical demonstrations and actual application of the theory previously discussed. Each man par ticipates to the extent of being able Tune-up School was conducted in that city. Nine men took the course which created so much enthusiasm, that they proposed a tune-up contest with a similar group who had previ ously taken the course in Chicago. The contest was held in a large El gin garage and the Judges acted in the capacity of service managers. questionably derived a tremendous amount of good from the experience. The Ethyl Gasoline Corporation was very fortunate in having one of the Ethyl Motor Clinics in Elgin at the time the Allen Tune-up School was being conducted. Lesson No. 8, covering combustion theory and fuels, was given by the Clinic. APRIL, 1939 Page five ETC 22384 Planning Highways From the Shy N a heavily wooded area in a mid- When an aerial survey is to be I western state, recently, a survey made for a highway department, a crew from the state highway de preliminary survey is made by taking partment had worked for more than the locating engineer up in a plane two months to get a line through the and flying back and forth over the dense growth. The proposed highway area, eliminating every possible route was to run a little more than thirty except one. Then, a mapping plane miles in almost a straight line, and piloted by an expert aviator and car the field crew had stumbled and rying a camera operated by an aerial hacked its way for only eighteen photographer is sent up to fly over miles since the project had started. the terrain. The route is photo Thick underbrush had made progress graphed as a strip about two miles especially slow, and the entire crew wide. was mighty tired of the whole job. The photographs are then made An aerial survey company, hearing into a "mosaic" map, constructed by of the trouble, outlined to highway taking the center portions of the engineers a speedy remedy for their prints and matching them much the problem. The area was flown one same as in a jig-saw puzzle. The morning in a special mapping air matching is necessary to get greater plane, carrying an aerial photograph accuracy by eliminating any distor ic camera. A mosaic strip map was tion near the edge of the prints. This constructed in the aerial survey lab mosaic, mounted on cloth, may be oratories and in less than three weeks conveniently rolled when not in use. the highway engineers knew all they Highway engineers, after studying wanted to about the section and had the area, draw their location lines di sketched on the aerial map just where rectly on the air map. Every ditch, the highway was to be constructed. gully, hill and structure is clearly Highway engineers all over the shown on the photographs and con country are rapidly realizing the tours may be studied and measured value of aerial photographs as a pre through the use of a stereoscopic in liminary study in highway planning, strument called a "contour finder." construction and maintenance. Their Even though flat country, aerial accuracy is unsurpassed, for the map is an actual picture of the area, and no details are lacking. maps are being used to study prop erty along a proposed right of way preparatory to buying whatever land is needed. In some cases, country and state highway departments have co-opera tive maintenance systems. Here, aerial maps have proved valuable in checking the county certification of the mileage of roads under their care. In several instances, counties have reported roads where aerial surveys proved no roads existed! Economy, especially on a govern ment project where the taxpayer has to be considered, is a dominant fac tor. Under normal conditions, a sur vey party working on the ground will cover about two miles a week. It costs approximately $1,000 a month to keep a six-man party in the field, ac cording to figures from one state highway department. With only eight miles covered in a month, the cost per mile averages $125. Aerial surveys cost roughly onefourth this amount. These are just a few of the rea sons why the highways of the future are being planned from the sky. --Courtesy "The Buick Magazine" Page six Abrams "Explorer" manufactured by Abram* Air Craft Corp. -- a division oi Abram* Aerial Survey Corp., Lansing. Ship mad* ^ especially for aerial photographic mapping. Pennsylvania farm land from 14.000 feel. ETHYL NEWS ETC n385 Extra: Ethyl Captures Rose Bowl Cup A 1904 Brush, 1904 Oldsmobils, and 1906 Cadillac warm up their one - cylinder en gines for the big race. The "scorcher" at the wheel of the Cad illac is Barney Oldfield himself. from his face and modestly made a statement for the press: "Races are run on the track, but they are won in the days and weeks before the race takes place. Every unit of the car must be as nearly per fect as it is humanly possible to make it. But more important, the units must all function correctly in relation to each other. Ignition, carburetion and fuel must all be coordinated to pro duce the best possible balance, and thus the absolute maximum in per formance. With modern precision methods of tuning the engine, com bined with the amazing qualities of Union Ethyl Gasoline I could have won this race in a wheelbarrow." XHAUSTS roared and barked E a staccato song of defiance. Wheels churned up clouds of dust: pebbles flew; the crowd cheered wildly. Three cars fought into the home stretch. Barney Oldfield--that almost legendary figure of racing-- gritted his teeth and clung to the wheel of his 1906 one-cylinder Cad illac. Fighting for position against him were a 1904 Oldsmobile, driven by Pasadena's Fire Chief, and a 1904 Brush, single - cylindered like the others, driven by Earl Cooper, A. A. A. headliner of former years. The race was the Old Timers' event in the celebration of Pasadena's fiftieth anniversary. The stands cheered as Earl Cooper pulled into the lead; they rocked with applause as he crossed the line inches ahead of the others. For Ethyl, this race adds another victory to a list already impressive. Fueled with Union Ethyl, the win ning car had been "souped up" and carefully tuned on a chassis dyna mometer for the event, at the Union Oil Company's Motor Measure Unit Xo. 1 in Los Angeles. Stemming the tide of congratula tions, the veteran pilot wiped the dust APRIL, 1939 "Race* are won in the day* and weeks before Ihey take place." Note the wooden front axle and chassis, and the 1904 version of coiled front springs. Page seven Nations Police Efficiently Increasi In all. 625 motor vehicles carry radio equipment. With the old signal box system it would take a patrolman 20 minutes to reach the scene, accord ing to Thomas W. Rochester, chief engineer of the New York City po lice department, while the radio car's average time is 45 seconds. "And these 45 seconds are significant," he says, "since it has been estimated that the small hold-up job takes just about this length of time to carry out. Thus, the criminal is very iikelv to !>e A menage U about to go on the air over New York City'* radio-telephone system. At police headquarters the dispatcher has before him large maps of the city's five boroughs with metal discs showing the location and number of every car on duty. In right background is the 500 watt transmitter. ** . ARTNERSin suppressing crime, Pthe automobile and short wave radio have quickened and length ened the arm of the law. Almost 12,000 units of motor equipment are operating in 689 of the 982 larger municipal police de partments in the United States, a re cent compilation by the International Association of Chiefs of Police shows. More than 2,000 new passenger cars were purchased for police work in the first six months of last year alone. Speed and mobility afforded by the automobile are giving the police such a decided advantage in the fighting of crime that motor vehicles are com ing into increasingly greater use, even to the extent of making a relic of the beat patrolman in some cities. Long a factor in police work, the effectiveness of automobiles has been increased through the addition of short wave radio, which has come into wide-spread use in the past ten years. The first police official to establish a municipally-owned radio station devoted to police calls, W. P. Rut ledge, who did pioneering work in Detroit as early as 1921, made this observation a few years ago as the re sult of Detroit's successful experi ence : "Seconds are precious to the law breakers: they spell the difference between escape and capture. By use of radio-equipped cars we are catch ing the criminal red-handed, thus eliminating the introduction of cir cumstantial evidence in trials by in disputable proof of guilt. "We are cutting the cost of law en forcement by catching the crook with the goods on. The psychological effect of quick capture acts as a powerful deterrent to crime." And as a very necessary aid in carrying on such a program, the Police Departments of many of the large cities the country over, specify Ethyl for their equip ment. Detroit's remarkable record of making 600 important arrests in the average time of 80 seconds per arrest attracted the attention of police offi cials everywhere. The growth that followed is evidenced by the fact that now 694 municipal police stations are authorized by the Federal Com munications Commission to broad cast, as well as 210 state police sta tions, 55 zoned police stations and 21 inter-zone police stations. New York City has nearly 500 ra dio cars operating over the city's 317 square miles, which is one patrol car for each two-thirds of a square mile. U'*. v- i.vT f Behind the rani with the police. They whom they captured as they anew caught in the act or at least appre hended before he has time to make a getaway." The year after New York City equipped its cars for radio patrol duty, patrol car arrests rose from 1,029 to 3.330. The police department reports that $1,100,000,000 worth of property is being recovered annually in the city by radio car crews. Some of the achievements result ing from the use of these twin units of law enforcement are among the outstanding events in police annals. In Brooklyn, a radio car raced to the scene within a minute after two men had begun to hold up a mail truck Page eight ETHYL NEWS ETC 22387 . lU ise< by Automobiles as Crime Fighters > < > !' driver. A woman in a nearby apartment. hearing the driver crv out, telephoned the police. A message was flashed to a squad car crew and the capture was made. Detroit police caught a murderer within two minutes of the time he committed his crime. A telephone call was received, the alarm broad cast. the message was picked up by a car near the spot, and the killer ar rested as he was about to cast his gun into a nearbv creek. In another in land abandoned the foot patrolman and put virtually its entire crime fighting and safety force on wheels. San Francisco has radio-equipped every one of its 115 patrol cars. Chi cago has more than 200 automobiles so outfitted, New Orleans has 56, Kansas City 103, Denver 58. Nearly half of Boston's 163 pa trol cars have radio receivers and the Massachusetts state police has all its 122 cars equipped. Two headquarters cruisers, one patrolling the east side of the city and the other the west end, comprised Detroit's radio units in 1924, while today, 161 cars are outfitted for this high-speed activity. Following its experience trying to capture the Dillinger gang in 1934. when the department had but few cars, the Indiana state police depart ment in the last few years has brought its radio fleet up to 177 units. Along with police of cities and states, the Federal Bureau of Inves tigation has found the automobile an invaluable weapon in crime fighting. G-men credit motor vehicles with making possible the breaking of some recent kidnapping cases. In addition to apprehending crim inals. many other useful purposes are served by radio patrol cars. Messages broadcast on police ra dio channels often include instruc tions requesting a check on traffic conditions, accidents and emergen cies. Pressed into service to aid the Fire Department eliminate false alarms, the radio squad in four months enabled New York City to reduce false alarms from 35 to 5 a day. Since each fire brings out an av erage of three engines and costs Father Knickerbocker an estimated $200, the drop in false alarms amounted to a daily saving of $6,000 or more than $2,000,000 a year. Two-way radio, which makes it possible for police officers to talk to headquarters and receive instruc tions. is growing in use. giving added protection to 45.000.000 citizens liv ing in areas where,such facilities are operating. With the growing and widespread use of both the one and two-way equipment, authorities sug gest that in the next five years it is conceivable that there will be no place in the entire country where a criminal will be beyond the range of police radio cars. i .V f \ stance, the alarm of a bank hold-up was flashed to cruisers. A patrol car was near the bank and the police of ficers got their man within 60 sec onds of the receipt of the message. After five months' experience with police radio cars, the Evansville, In diana, police department reported r79 arrests against 134 the preceding year. Yet, before radio squad cars patrolled the city robberies had been 72% more prevalent and 13% more cases of burglary had l>een reported. Police departments from coast to coast are engaged in this modern type of crime fighting. In reorganizing its policing methods last summer. Cleve APRIL, 1939 0 5? I Page nine ETC 22388 A Little Known Industry Marks Its Fortieth Year said to be the largest muskellunge in captivity at the time but he went on a hunger strike. Nothing was good enough to eat and it looked as if he soon would be nailed to a plank. How ever. the timely suggestion of a menu of goldfish by the superintendent of Lincoln Park Zoo solved the prob lem. The muskie looked at the gold fish, tried one and from then on would eat nothing else. Caring for the present stock of fifty million goldfish at Grassyfork is a major undertaking. Over a hundred The approach to Grassyfork Fisheries on State Road 37 in Martinsville, Indiana. (1) In foreground is the Dis play and Sales Building -with Greenhouses (2) at tached. Formal Garden (3) in left foreground. A con siderable acreage (7) is devoted to the raising of evergreens, rock plants and shrubs. and twenty-five men are employed and the food alone costs seventy-five thousand dollars a year. This is more than the feed bill of any other live stock producer in the state of Indiana. Wheelbarrows, wagons and motor trucks haul the food which consists of tons of egg yolks, carloads of flour MOST unusual and interest nearly always be counted on to fall A ing industry is that of the for a goldfish. Over a million gold Grassyfork Fisheries. Inc., fish were shipped to the city of Mem of Martinsville. Indiana. This ispthhies. Tennessee, during one season headquarters and main plant of the for use as bait, as goldfish live longer company though branches 'are locat in the bucket and on the hook than ed at Saddle River, X. J.; Toronto, minnows do. Another use for them is Canada, and Southampton, England. Here are raised goldfish and water lilies, the former by the hundreds of millions, which are sold through dealers and wholesale houses that of feeding large fish kept in cap tivity. An example is when a fortypound muskellunge was being dis played in Chicago recently. He was and enough corn meal mush to feed an army. The fish are hatched in a chain of outdoor pools fed by natural springs and flowing from one to another, fin ally emptying into Grassyfork and Clear creeks. There are six hundred and forty-five ponds covering an area of three hundred and fifty acres and varying in size from fifty feet square to the largest which covers eighteen acres. Two of the ponds contain no throughout the world. The business started with two hun dred goldfish, a swamp and a contract with a chemical company in 1899. Mr. Eugene C. Shireman owned the swamp and decided to put it to work when a friend in the washing powder business hit upon the idea of giving a souvenir bowl and two small fish as a premium with every order. The idea worked so well that all the fish were sold but by the time more fish could be hatched, the chemical com pany had gone out of business. There were other companies using goldfish for the same purposes, however, and orders came in as fast as they could be filled. Most of the fish were used as pre miums in the early years, but grad ually new markets were developed. Fishermen learned that, when bass won't strike anything else, they can Partial view oi Hatchery No. 1 at Martinsville. (1) Drive from Display Build ing. (2) Fish sorting and shipping house (3, 4, 5, 6) Lily and lotus ponds. (7) Hatchery tanks. (8) Main shipping rooms. (9) Cook house for preparing fish food. (10) Shipping stock screens storing over one million fish. (11) Growing ponds and (12) breeding ponds. Page ten ETHYL NEWS ETC 22389 fish but are given over to the raising of almost microscopic daphniae or water fleas, which are scooped from the surface on cool summer mornings and fed to the fish. These tiny daph niae use oxygen and care must be taken not to put too many in a pond of small fish lest they smother them. Breeding pools are lined with nests made of wire cloth covered with Spanish moss. A female, some of the veterans being over twelve years old, may lay as many as seventy-five thou sand eggs in a season. Spawning be gins about sunrise and lasts till about noon, after which the nests are trans ferred to small hatchery tanks. About sixty per cent hatch into fry no larger than mosquito larvae. Their first diet is powdered egg yolk but as the fry grow larger and stronger, they are transferred to other pools and are given other food -- mostly wheat flour, then corn meal -- till they are ready for the market. The average age of fish leaving Grassyfork is about four months. One problem of gold fish hatcheries is to bring about the change to rich golden color at an early age. The fry are dark when hatched and become blacker as time goes on, being darkest just before they change to gold. A method of color change by artificial means has never been dis covered. Fish have been fed every thing and nothing; they have lived twenty-four hours a day under arti ficial sunlight and they have lived in total darkness. They still change color when they want to. Fish harvesting time is one of ac tivity and excitement. Men wade up to their waists in the pools, dragging long nets. Then the water is drained from the pools and the mud worked with scoops. The fish are hauled to shipping pools near the main build ing where they are dumped into screen cages hung in the water. In side the shipping depot they are quickly sorted for size over oil cloth tables, counted into metal cans pro vided with ice compartments for hot weather and shipped by express. A recently acquired giant tank truck, accommodating two hundred thou sand fish, packed in layers of screen baskets, and insulated against heat and cold, supplements express ship ments. It is equipped with a small gasoline engine that pumps fresh air through the water from the time it is loaded till it reaches its destination. A new and rapidly developing phase of the business is the Grassy fork Water Gardens. Beautiful water lilies and other water plants are grown here for the market and are sold either individually or in attrac tive groupings. More than a hundred varieties of lilies are listed in this year's catalog. While nearly all of the goldfish raised are sold through deal ers, the water plants are sold directly to individuals. Orders come from all parts of the country in increasing numbers because people are learning that no back yard is too small to be made attractive by a pool of lilies with a few fish to keep down the mosquito larvae. New York World's Fair Traffic AXY car owners who plan states, and the Police Department of M to visit the New York New York City'have collaborated on World's Fair this summer express routes and highways to han may be tempted to "leave theidr lecathre Fair traffic. In New York City home in the garage, and take the itself, construction on the new White- train to avoid traffic." For the benefit stone Bridge, the Major William of those who have anticipated un Deegan Boulevard leading to the Tri pleasant congestion, lack of parking borough Bridge, and the New York space, or difficulty in finding their approach to the George Washington way to the Fair by car, the following Bridge has been rushed through in information has been assembled to record time to be ready for the open put their minds at ease. ing. An effectively simplified system Since the preparations for the of through arteries has been laid out World's Fair first began to take by metropolitan traffic engineers. Re shape, traffic experts connected with cent additions to the parkways and the Fair itself, the highway depart express highway systems throughout ment of New York and adjacent Westchester, Connecticut, New Jer sey and Long Island will feed into Fair approaches. For a radius of many miles around the metropolitan district of New York, the best routes to the Fair will be conspicuously identified by World's Fair markers -- Trylon and Perisphere -- in white, against an orange background with a blue base. Turns to left or right will be indi cated by an "L" or "R" in the center of the Perisphere. Plans are under way at the moment for also installing a system of amber-colored lights to mark routes at night. Information booths in the shape of a miniature "Theme Center" -- Try- APRIL, 1939 Page eleven ETC 22390 McLaughlin Air Service An airriew of the Now York Fair during eonitruction. In the loregound on the ihoro oi tho Lake is tho Now York State Marine Amphitheatre where Billy Bose's lavish Aquacade will be staged. Directly across World's Fair Boulevard lies the Main Exhibit Area dominated by the Perisphere and Trylon. One of the Fair's huge parking fields may be seen in the distance with the Flushing Bay boat basin directly beyond it Ion and Perisphere -- will be located at the entrances of both the Holland and Lincoln Tunnels entering Xew York from New Jersey and will be spotted at other strategic points. Here maps will be given out. as well as information on housing facilities, parking, trailer camps, etc. Visitors driving along the Boston Post Road between Xew York and New England will have the opportu nity of avoiding New York traffic. For those who would enjoy a boat ride across Long Island Sound, "water taxi" service in speed boats is under consideration from various points in New York City, Trailer Town, City Island and possibly Mamaroneck. The parking problem has been met with five huge paved parking fields, able to accommodate 28,000 cars in all. Four of these will be operated by the Fair and the fifth one by the City of New York. From all but one of these fields, shuttle buses will carry visitors direct to the nearest Fair en trance. The plan for this service is tentatively fixed at 5$f a passenger. For those who like their home life on the road, a special trailer camp with facilities for 1,200 cars has been built at Trailer Town in the Bronx near the Whitestone Bridge. Practically all the large oil com panies have gone to elaborate ex tremes to make the problems of their motoring customers as simple as pos sible. Many have prepared special maps of the Fair grounds and maps of the surrounding metropolitan area, with recommended routes of ap proach carefully marked. Many people, of course, will take advantage of the special low rates of fered by leading bus companies to visit both fairs. There also will be spe cial bus service from points near the New York Fair for groups who wish to charter them. Tq handle bus traf fic there is a special parking field with a capacity of 575 buses, especially de signed to facilitate quick loading and discharge of passengers. To accommodate those people who own power boats and wish to travel to the Fair by water, a boat basin has been prepared with about 250 moor ings. There is a 72-hour maximum anchorage limit, but no charge each way per passenger. Arrangements are being developed for boat supply ser vices -- fuel, oil, food, etc. Buses from the boat basin will carry visitors direct to the Administration Gate en trance. Inside the Fair itself, motorized transport will simplify the problem of covering the 1,200 acres of exhib its. One hundred specially construct ed buses, 9 feet wide and 43 feet long, will operate over a ten-mile road around the grounds. Rows of seats facing outward will accommodate 60 persons, with room in rush periods for 60 standees. There will also be tractor trains of three canopy-covered cars, towed behind a gasoline engine at three to four miles an hour. For "taxi" service within the grounds there are electrically oper ated chairs, as well as chairs pushed by college students trained to show the various points of interest. Page twelve ETHYL NEWS ETC 22391 Etkyl Is Host at New Tulsa Laboratory New Home of the Tulia Sale! Division and Laboratory. Corporation officers from New York and Division Managers greeted Ethyl's guests at a house warming late in Feb ruary. From left: Vice Pres. CoardTay lor; Pres. Earle Webb; Gen'L Sales Mgr. H. W. Kaley. "HE Ethyl Gasoline Corporation Twas host to refining and market ing executives of its customers and other invited guests at the en larged office and laboratory building, 305 South Kenosha Street, Tulsa, Oklahoma, on Saturday, February 25th. President Earle W. Webb and Vice President J. Coard Taylor, Messrs. Kaley, and Martin from the New York general office as well as the Tulsa Division Sales and Tulsa Laboratory staffs were on hand to greet the guests. The occasion furnished an unusual opportunity for executives of the oil industry and members of the Ethyl Gasoline Corporation to become bet ter acquainted in an informal man ner and at the same time brought to the attention of many licensees the facilities available for service to them. The addition to the building, which was completed a few months ago, per mits a new office layout and the im Offica of Div. Mgr. Ronan on the second floor of the new building. provements include new furnishings and equipment. On the first floor there are now a reception room, a private office for the laboratory man ager, a safety engineer's office and a stock room. The offices of the divi sion manager, assistant division man ager and their secretaries are on the second floor. The only unfortunate occurrence was the fact that an unexpected ice storm, the only one of the season, pre vented a number of those in outlying territory from attending. However, notwithstanding, there were about seventy-five present. Among these were: Messrs. I. A. Anson, B. I. Lubell and M. L. Freese of the Bell Oil and Gas Company; Mr. Herbert Miller of the Carter Oil Company; Messrs. L. C. Trapp, L. D. Mann, H. W. Camp and Neil Buckley of Cities Ser vice Oil Company; Mr. H. E. Collinson of Continental Oil Company; Messrs. A. Danciger, J. Hausem, O. W. Crick and E. W. Evans of Dan ciger Oil and Refineries; Messrs. T. E. Fitzgerald, J. D. Curtin, M. C. Shipley, R. C. Groffman and C. L. Dorris of Mid-Continent Petroleum Corporation; Messrs. R. C. Gwilliam and J. O. Webber of The Ohio Oil Company; Mr. George J. Collins of Omar Refining Company; Mr. C. W. Cahoon, Jr., of Onley Oil and Refin ing Company; Mr. H. C. Allen of Rock Island Refining Company; The Personnel of the Tulsa office and lab oratory were on hand to help entertain the guests. From left, back row; H. C. Dees, Martin Alspaugh, C. R. Bartholomew, C. A. Rankin and Herbert Green. Second row: I. Dieus, H. Kuhe. T. E. Ronan and Harold Shaw. Front row: L. D. Reis, Gladys Rogers. Helene McNally, Elizabeth Medlin. Ruth Stegall and L. L. Huxtable. APRIL, 1939 Page thirteen ETC 22392 Messrs. G. R. Ames and D. V. Pe ters of Phillips Petroleum Company; Messrs. J. F. Nagle and Russ Stam per of Skelly Oil Company, Mr. H. E. Perkins of Tide Water Associated Oil Company; Messrs. A. V. Bour que and J. C. Day of Western Pe troleum Refiners Corporation; Dr. C. K. Francis, Messrs. P. C. Lauinger, S. H. Rourke and Paul Reed of Oil and Gas Journal; Mr. Allen S. James, National Petroleum News; Mr. Andrew M. Rowley of Tulsa Tribune; Mr. J. M. Linehan of Cosden Pipeline Company; Mr. W. P. Jacobi of Wadhams Oil Company; Messrs. W. K. Warren. J. A. LaFortune and Sam Hulse of Warren Petroleum Company; Mr. Campbell Smith of Ozark Chemical Company ; Mr. Harold Skyrm of General Amer ican Transportation Company and Mr. T. L. Holland of Lubrizol Com pany. Ronan Comes to New York General Office homas e. ronan, who for Tmore than six years has ably managed Ethyl's Tulsa Division, has returned to the home office in the Chrysler Building to assist Robert L. Jordan in directing the activities of the field representatives. Being lo cated in New York, however, is noth ing new to Mr. Ronan, as during his early years in the business world his activities were, for the most part, con fined to the east. Born in Athens, Pa., on October 15th, 1898, he received his preparatory education in the lo cal schools and then entered Holy Cross College at Worcester, Mass. He graduated from there in the Class of 1921 with an A.B. degree and two years later received a Master's de- Thomas E. Honan gree in Chemical Science. Mr. Ro nan also did graduate work at both Cornell and Columbia. Prior to his association with the Ethyl Gasoline Corporation, he was engaged for a time as a chemist at the Astoria lab oratories of the Consolidated Gas Company of New York and later, for a brief period, with the New York Central Railroad. Early in 1926 he joined the Ethyl Corporation and was located as a re search chemist at the Yonkers Lab oratory. Later, he was engaged in field work. In 1929, when the Gaso line Testing Department was creat ed, he was placed in charge of the work and both the Kansas City and Tulsa Testing Laboratories were erected under his supervision. How ever, in 1930, he once more returned to the Sales Department and was ap pointed Manager of the New York Division until his transfer to Tulsa some two years later. Changes of Management in Sales Divisions FFECTIVE early in April, territory. Mr. Shank is a native Bal- E changes will be made in man timorian and received his education agers or assistant managers of there, attending the city schools, Bal four of Ethyl's sales divisions. Thteimore College and finally Johns Hop divisions affected are Baltimore, Bos kins from which institution he was ton, Kansas City and Tulsa. graduated with B.A. degree in chem Due to the transfer of T. E. Ronan, istry in 1922. The next two years manager at Tulsa, to the Corpora were occupied with teaching at Bal tion's general office in New York, timore College but in 1924 he en which is mentioned elsewhere in these tered upon a business career. His columns, L. W. Shank of the Balti first position was with the Commer more office will replace him in that cial Credit Co. of Baltimore and later Page fourteen L. W. Shank ETHYL NEWS ETC 22393 with Levitt-Ferguson Co. In 1930, he joined the Ethyl Gasoline Corpo ration as a field representative in the Baltimore Division and in 1935 was promoted to the position of Assistant Manager. Within the year, however, he was appointed Manager of the Di vision and has continued in that cap acity until his present transfer to Tulsa. sistant Manager to Mr. Ronan be came effective late in 1937 when Mr. Kuhe, who had occupied that post, was sent to Mexico City. *** In February, 1938, the Company decided to avail themselves of his ex perience, gained on trips to blending plants in Mexico and he was sent to Mexico City as Ethyl's representa tive in that country. This arrange ment was short lived, however, due to expropriation proceedings and Mr. Kuhe returned to his old division. *** * * * Harry Kuhe H. Clear* Dtes Claire Dees, who for a little more than a year has been Assistant Man ager at Tulsa, will replace Mr. Shank in the Baltimore office. Mr. Dees was bom in Oblong, 111., in August, 1908. After attending local schools he en tered the University of Kentucky from where he graduated in 1929 with degree of Bachelor of Science in Metallurgical Engineering. After one more year in the University, do ing post graduate work, he became associated with the American Rolling Mills at Middletown, Ohio, but shortly thereafter, went to Standard Oil Company of New Jersey and took the training course at Bayway, N. J. Upon completing this, he was as- signed to Standard Oil Company of Louisiana, being occupied with hy drogenation work at Baton Rouge. In 1931, he came to Ethyl and was sent to the Chicago Division as a field representative with headquarters at various cities in that territory until February, 1936, when he was ap pointed Assistant Manager of the Di vision. His transfer to Tulsa as As Harry Kuhe, who will resume his former duties as Assistant Manager of the Tulsa Division, was born in New York City, November, 1903. Traveling started at an early age as he began his primary schooling at Cleveland, finishing at Sharpsburg School, Winnetka, Illinois, and thence to college where he received a degree in Chemical Engineering in 1925 at the University of Wisconsin. The next year and a half was devoted to study abroad, principally in the cities of London, Paris, Berlin and Vienna. While abroad, he attended lectures at the Technishe Hockschnle zu Darmstadt. ' Returning home, he became asso ciated with the Continental Paper Bag Company at their Oconto. Falls, Wisconsin, mill as chemist. A year later, he accepted a position in the Strom Ball Bearing Company. Chi cago, Illinois, as designing engineer. Work in this capacity continued un til he joined the Ethyl family on Oc tober 7th, 1929, with headquarters at Indianapolis covering the state of Indiana. During April, 1932, he was transferred to Tulsa to cover the state of Oklahoma as field representative and later as assistant division man ager. D. S. Flynn Donald Flynn, who has been trans ferred to the Kansas City Division as Assistant Manager, was born in Providence, Rhode Island, on April 23rd, 1908. He received his prepara tory education in the public schools of his native city and then entered Brown University. Graduating from Brown in June, 1930. with a degree of Bachelor of Science in engineer ing, he went immediately to the Bay way Refinery of Standard Oil Com pany of New Jersey, where he took the student engineers training course. In January, 1931, Mr. Flynn joined the Ethyl Gasoline Corpora tion and after some preliminary train ing at the Yonkers and Detroit Lab oratories, was assigned to the Boston Division as a field representative. During the next few years, he at one time or another served in the various territories which comprise the Divi sion until early in 1935, when he was appointed Assistant Division Man ager. His chief hobbies are golf, swimming and bowling. He is a mem- APRIL, 1939 Page fifteen ETC 22394 with Levitt-Ferguson Co. In 1930, he joined the Ethyl Gasoline Corpo ration as a field representative in the Baltimore Division and in 1935 was promoted to the position of Assistant Manager. Within the year, however, he was appointed Manager of the Di vision and has continued in that cap acity until his present transfer to Tulsa. sistant Manager to Mr. Ronan be came effective late in 1937 when Mr. Kuhe, who had occupied that post, was sent to Mexico City. *** In February, 1938, the Company decided to avail themselves of his ex perience, gained on trips to blending plants in Mexico and he was sent to Mexico City as Ethyl's representa tive in that country. This arrange ment was short lived, however, due to expropriation proceedings and Mr. Kuhe returned to his old division. *** * * * Harry Kuha H. Claire Dees Claire Dees, who for a little more than a year has been Assistant Man ager at Tulsa, will replace Mr. Shank in the Baltimore office. Mr. Dees was born in Oblong, 111., in August, 1908. After attending local schools he en tered the University of Kentucky from where he graduated in 1929 with degree of Bachelor of Science in Metallurgical Engineering. After one more year in the University, do ing post graduate work, he became associated with the American Rolling Mills at Middletown, Ohio, but shortly thereafter, went to Standard Oil Company of New Jersey and took the training course at Bayway, N. J. Upon completing this, he was as signed to Standard Oil Company of Louisiana, being occupied with hy drogenation work at Baton Rouge. In 1931, he came to Ethyl and was sent to the Chicago Division as a field representative with headquarters at various cities in that territory until February, 1936, when he was ap pointed Assistant Manager of the Di vision. His transfer to Tulsa as As Harry Kuhe. who will resume his former duties as Assistant Manager of the Tulsa Division, was born in New York City, November, 1903. Traveling started at an early age as he began his primary schooling at Cleveland, finishing at Sharpsburg School, Winnetka, Illinois, and thence to college where he received a degree in Chemical Engineering in 1925 at the University of Wisconsin. The next year and a half was devoted to study abroad, principally in the cities of London, Paris, Berlin and Vienna. While abroad, he attended lectures at the Technishe Hockschnle zu Darmstadt. Returning home, he became asso ciated with the Continental Paper Bag Company at their Oconto Falls, Wisconsin, mill as chemist. A year later, he accepted a position in the Strom Ball Bearing Company, Chi cago, Illinois, as designing engineer. Work in this capacity continued un til he joined the Ethyl family on Oc tober "th, 1929, with headquarters at Indianapolis covering the state of Indiana. During April, 1932, he was transferred to Tulsa to cover the state of Oklahoma as field representative and later as assistant division man ager. D. S. Flynn Donald Flynn, who has been trans ferred to the Kansas City Division as Assistant Manager, was born in Providence, Rhode Island, on April 23rd, 1908. He received his prepara tory education in the public schools of his native city and then entered Brown University. Graduating from Brown in June, 1930, with a degree of Bachelor of Science in engineer ing, he went immediately to the Bay way Refinery of Standard Oil Com pany of New Jersey, where he took the student engineers training course. In January, 1931, Mr. Flynn joined the Ethyl Gasoline Corpora tion and after some preliminary train ing at the Yonkers and Detroit Lab oratories, was assigned to the Boston Division as a field representative. During the next few years, he at one time or another served in the various territories which comprise the Divi sion until early in 1935, when he was appointed Assistant Division Man ager. His chief hobbies are golf, swimming and bowling. He is a mem- APRIL, 1939 Page fifteen ETC 22395 ber of the Society of Automotive En gineers, Brown Club of Providence and Phi Sigma Kappa National Fra ternity. Mr. Flynn is married and has two sons. ** * B. R. (Casey) Jones, who will take up the duties of Assistant Manager in the Boston Division, was born at Petersburg, Indiana, on February 6th, 1903. He obtained his early schooling in Petersburg and in 1921 entered the University of Illinois, (Continued from page 1) gone down from an average of 26 cents per gallon in 1921 to 14 cents in 1936." "Every element of the motorcar, except the few wooden pieces and possibly the water in the radiator, is either a chemical or metallurgical product, or else it has chemistry involved in its manufacture," the speaker asserted. However, Mr. Boyd did not entirely exclude the water in the radiator as being free from the chemist's influence. For he explained that "much of the water put into radiators has been chemically treated in filtration plants and in the winter time the cooling liquid has to be chemically treated. "It is even a chemical reaction namely, the burning of gasoline and air, which makes the automobile go," the speaker continued. "I haven't even talked about storage batteries or about the extraction of bromine from sea water (at the Ethyl-Dow plant, Kure Beach, X. C.) to put into gasoline along with tetraethyl lead. I have not mentioned safety glass, aluminum, brass, bronze, bear ing metals, spark plugs, nor many other items." Emphasizing the automobile's im provement from work in many labo ratories, Mr. Boyd concluded: "Onefourth of all the industrial research laboratories in the country are main tained either by the automobile in dustry itself or by the makers of materials used in motorcars. Thou sands of chemists are busy in these laboratories, and their combined ef forts have contributed to the modern motorcar a great deal of that which makes it so beautiful, so satisfactory and so cheap." B. E. Jonas The Following Service Awards Have Been Made as of April 1, 1939 Colin J. McFarlane.... Edwin F. Rehwoldt..... Louis L. Wilson........... TEN YEARS Adden N. Gray........... FIVE YEARS graduating from there in 1926 with an A.B. degree in Chemistry. He entered the business field with Studebaker Corporation at South Bend, Indiana, the same year in con nection with their Sales Department. Shortly after this, he joined the dis tributorship at Reading and Allen town, Pa., where he was Retail Sales Manager until 1931. Mr. Jones joined the Chicago Di vision of the Ethyl Gasoline Corpo ration in February, 1932, as a repre sentative in the Indianapolis terri tory, covering the entire state of In diana for a period of four years. In 1936, he was made Automotive Engineer for the Chicago Division and a year later was placed in charge of Ethyl Motor Clinic No. 2, the first of the Clinics to start operations on a national basis. NEWSBRIEFS From Detroit comes word of the arrival on February 14th, of Master Frederick Charles Sortnian. His proud parents, Mr. and Mrs. Charles W. Sortman, report that their husky young son weighed 10 lbs. 554 ozs. at birth. Our most sincere congratulations, Chick and Mrs. Sortman, on your very fine ac complishment. This marks the first 1939 arrival in the Detroit Division. Paul R. B. Dixon, who is with our Manufacturing Department in Baton Rouge, has very recently become engaged to Miss Louisa Mary Ogden, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Edwin Bennett Ogden of Natchez, Miss, and Havana, Cuba. Paul, who comes from Old Greenwich, Conn, and is a graduate of McGill Uni versity in Montreal, has been a member of the Ethyl family for the past five years. The young couple plan to be married in Natchez this coming June and we take this opportunity to offer them our hearty congratulations. The Pacific Coast Div. add ed a new mem ber to their staff on February 13th,in the per son of Monroe F. ("Bo") Weill, formerly associated with the Union Oil Company of California. An engineer ing graduate of Purdue University, "Bo" later attended the University of Kentucky and Western Kentucky State. He received aeronauti cal training with the U. S. Army Air Corps, and at present has a Captain's commission in the Officers' Reserve Corps. His hobbies range from big game hunt ing to ping pong. With his wife and small son, Larry, "Bo" makes his home on Alamitos Bay, Long Beach, California. Page sixteen ETHYL NEWS ETC 22396 Miss Lois Holsinger, comely newcomer to the Advertising Department, has the difficult task of handling requests for tickets to Ethyl's radio program, "TuneUp Time." So far more than six thousand people have written in for tickets aside from many more who have telephoned. Each must receive an answer whether tickets are available or not. To-date close to fifteen thousand have attended broadcasts in the studio as guests of Ethyl. The accompanying picture gives some idea of the volume of mail which is handled. i -t i We welcome Walter Ar thur Cosgrove to the Payroll Division of the Admini stration Department in the Graybar Building. Wal ter was previ ously associated with the Hotel St. George in the Auditing De partment. He graduated from Duke University with an A.B. degree. Golf is his favorite form of diversion. yyy Franklin E. DeVore joined the Ethyl Gasoline Corpora tion February 20th last. He was bom at Independence, Kansas, attend ed public schools there and in 1926 received a de gree in Mechan ical Engineering at the Universi ty of Kansas. After spending some time in various departments of the Mack Truck factory in Allentown, Pennsylvania, as an appren tice engineer, he was assigned to the Mack Engineering Department and was later transferred to sales. While in the Kansas City Mack branch he became as sociated with the Missouri Motor Dis tributing Corporation, a company headed by the Mack branch manager. In 1934, the Kansas State Highway Commission decided to place engineers in charge of equipment supervision and Frank spent two years in that work. He then accepted a position as Kansas City manager of a fleet operation which posi tion he was occupying at the time he joined the Tulsa Division of the Ethyl family. The Chicago Division welcomes to its ranks Gerald A. Lofquist. He is a native of Chicago and a graduate of the Univer sity of Illinois. Class of 1921, with a B.S.M.E. degree. He was previously con nected with Ford. Bacon and Davis and General Motors Truck Corporation. Ger ald will assume the responsibilities of field representative in Illinois. He is mar ried and has one son. There occurred a very severe sleet storm in Detroit recently which resulted in many casualities to trees. The accom panying picture shows results of the storm in the oak grove where Ethyl's semi works chemical laboratory is located on the Eight Mile Road. It also shows, in cidentally, that the versatility of chemists and chemical engineers can extend as far as to cover a woodsman's trade when circumstances demand. The particular tree was obstructing the road and five minutes after the picture was taken it came down within a few inches of where chief woodsman, E. J. Johnson, had de cided that it should be. A couple of hours later it was neatly piled up as fire-place logs. From left to right: Larges, Gourlay, Johnson and Lee. yyy Vital Statistics from Atlanta We are asked, by the Atlanta Division, to kindly refer to the September, 1937, Xewsbriefs in which their contribution reads as follows: "Viewing the recent issues of the News, we are struck with the large number of announcements of additions to the Ethyl family and are filled with remorse that we have no items to add. However, we shall see------ we shall see-------- They claim that this was a remarkable prophecy and feel that they out-Winchelled Winchell as they proudly an nounce an addition to their branch of the family in the person of Miss Nancy Byrd Tennent. Nancy is the daughter of Tom and Mrs. Tennent and arrived on March 1st, 1939, weighing 8 pounds. Her father, who is our Alabama representative, has been doing an awful lot of raving about his third chee-ild and seems to be as proud as a peacock about the whole thing. We are also glad to report that Mrs. Tennent is doing beautifully, and we want to take this opportunity to send our heartiest congratulations to both proud parents. To prove that they (Atlanta Division) are not "flash in the pan" prophets, they predict that three eligible bachelors in their Division will step off the precipice in the following order: Stuart ForbesMarch Whitney Sweeney-------------- May Jack PruittMay-be?? The Baltimore Clinic has a re cent addition to its staff in the person of Mat thias F. Reese, Jr., who joined the Ethyl fam ily ll e latter part . March. Matt is a na tive of Balti more and a graduate of the Forest Park High School in that city. He also at tended the Lawrence Institute of Tech nology in Detroit where he graduated with the degree of Mechanical Engineer. His first position was with the Packard Motor Car Company as Zone Engineer. After this Matt worked with the, Glenn L. Martin Company, which concern he left to join us. iii On March 8th the crew from the Bos ton Clinic visited the East Providence Refinery of the Socony-Vacuum Oil Com pany located at Riverside, Rhode Island, where an opportunity was afforded to see how petroleum products are made. This Refinery is very progressive and has been pioneering more efficient operation. Left to right: H. A. Rickett, Refinery Superintendent, William Perry, R. W. Richardson, Frank Huyler. Bruce Crane, R. S. Coveney, Walter Cady, Assistant Superintendent of Refinery. Ill Arthur C. Acken, a recent ad dition to the field staff of the Bos ton Division, was born in New York and re ceived his early education in that city. He com pleted a course in Business Ad ministration at New York Uni versity and has also taken Automotive, Economics and Salesmanship extension courses at Co lumbia University. For the past ten years Art Acken has been engaged in automo bile service work in New York and prior to coming with the Ethyl Gasoline Corporation in January he was Service Manager for one of the largest Ford dealers in the Metropolitan New York area. Art's chief hobbies are sailing and riding. APRIL, 1939 Page seventeen ETC 22397 Ii\ < m ftWilly, whar in tarnation is thet vapor lock?" n HOLD ON a minute, boys. Don't let a highfalutin term fool you. Keys freshly opened bottle of warm soda water. Eventually these bubbles become line. They establish a vapor pressure which is low enough to prevent vapor won't help with vapor lock. And vaporso numerous that they may stop the lock except under the most unfavor lock isn't something you can normally normal flow of gasoline through the able conditions. At the same time, good see. fuel line and starve the carburetor. The gasoline gives you balanced volatility, Vapor lock is caused by a stoppage in resulting lean mixtures cause the engine low gum content and high anti-knock the fuel line due to bubbles formed by to sputter and stall and make starting value. vaporized gasoline. Ordinarily a reason nearly impossible. If you have any questions about bus able degree of volatility is desirable in The way to avoid vapor lock is to and truck fuels, write the Ethyl Gasoline : i gasoline. But when there are too many check the vapor pressure characteristic Corporation, Chrysler Building, New light ends or volatile fractions (which of the gasoline you buy. Reputable re York, N. Y., manufacturers of anti vaporize and become gases very easily), finers or marketers include this as one of knock fluids (containing tetraethyl lead) the inside of the fuel line looks like a the necessary specifications of good gaso usedby oil companiestoimprove gasolines. ago** !ii d\ !I VOLATILITY should be balanced, for full power and best economy. VAPOR PRESSURE should be adjusted to meet op* erating conditions. GUM CONTENT should not exceed K of a gram (4smalldrops) per gallon. ANTI-KNOCK VALUE should be high, at least 68 octane number. THE BETTER THE GASOLINE THE BETTER THE PERFORMANCE i . ETC 22398 iaiaa ut GO BY CAR-- See America on the Way i t ~ -Enveryone is ta,,lking a,bout th, e ,busi.ness th, e Fai.rs at wm New York and San Francisco will bring, particularly to the transportation companies. To stimulate travel by automobile and thus increase the gasoline consumption, the oil companies are featur- ^ ing the slogan "Go by car--see America on the way." 'JE # The center spread of the June 1 Oth issue of the Sat urday Evening Post will depict in photographs, the Ethyl Gaso u line Corporation's idea of how this slogan looks in color. In it are views of both Fairs and striking colored photographs of lead ing scenic spots throughout the country such as: Niagara Falls, Sequoia National Park, the Capitol at Washington, D. C., Yellowstone National Park, Independence Hall at Philadelphia, Hollywood's movie center, Governor's Palace at Williamsburg, Va., Grand Canyon of Arizona, Old World street scene in New i Orleans, Carlsbad Caverns in New Mexico, and Surf Bathing in New England. V* "Remember," the advertisement reads, "there are no time-tables, no schedules, no restrictions when you travel by car. Just go as you please, when you please . . . and save money on the way, too." I: Reprints of this advertisement, suitable for use as window posters or on bulletin boards, are being prepared and will be distributed throughout the oil and automotive industries. We are glad of the opportunity to make this contribution to thej cooperative advertising effort of these industries. ETC 22400 ETHYL GASOLINE CORPORATION CHRYSLER BUILDING NEW YORK CITY W. CARY HARRIS Editor RUSSELL B. WESTON NORTHROP CLAREY, Jr. Associate Editors Correspondents J. A. COSTELLO.........................Atlanta F. S. CRONIN........................Baltimore B. R. JONES................................ Boston A. B. WYRICK.......................... Chicago R. R. FALLER......................... Dayton H. L. NIXON.....................Kansas Gty CARL ABELL..................... Los Angeles R. L. GOLTZ........................ .New York J. N. FITZGERALD...................Toronto H. KUHE........................................... Tulsa R. K. SCALES........... Engineering Dept. L. BARNUM............Mfg. Baton Rouge C. WASSERMAN........ Mfg. Deepwater J. C. POPE........ Gasoline Testing Dept. E. J. NIESER.......Administration Dept. HUBERT FOSSETT................... London THE MATERIAL IN THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRINTED PROVIDED DUE CREDIT IS GIVEN THE "ETHYL NEWS" OR ETHYL GASOLINE CORPORATION UNLESS IT IS A COPYRIGHTED ARTICLE VOL. 6, No. 5 We Own Industry UST oi us realize that the ordinary American company is owned by M many people, its stockholders. But who are these people? What are they like? Who are the real living men and women behind the names on the ledgers--the vast majority, those who own one or two or five or ten or a hundred shares of common stock ? Recently a typical American company set about answering these ques tions. And the facts discovered should be of interest to everyone who has pre-conceived notions concerning the ownership of industry. The company found that nearly twelve thousand individuals or groups-- men and women, or organizations representing them--had invested their money to buy the equipment and make jobs possible for its more than six thousand employees. Among these stockholders there were 4.300 men, 4.084 women, and 2.708 groups such as insurance companies, investment companies, and universities. But far more interesting than these facts were the things the company found out about the day-to-day lives of its stockholders. They found a clerk and a director in one company, each with shares of the stock. They found a salesgirl in a downtown store, and the wife of one of the city's wealthier cit izens. both stockholders. They found a university professor and one of his students, benefiting equally from the success of a manufacturing enterprise hundreds of miles distant from them. To put the matter in a few words, the survey went a long way towards answering the old question, "Who owns American industry?" And the answer, if you could take the voices of all those twelve thousand stockhold ers and blend them together in one great chorus, would sound something like this: "We own American industry. We live all over the face of this broad land, and the lives we live arc mostly ordinary lives, just like yours--and yours --and yours. We are butchers, bakers, candlestick makers, doctors, dentists, factory workers. The country over, there are ten million like us. What hap pens to industry vitally affects all of us and the tens of millions who are dependent on us. "We--millions of your American neighbors--own industry. Our invest ments provide the jobs, materials and machinery that have combined to make the United States the nation with the highest standard of living the world has ever seen." IN THIS ISSUE Go by Car--See America on the Way We Own Industry New Ethyl Research Laboratory Combines Miniature "U. S." as Proving Ground Illinois Puts First Mobile Inspec tion Laboratory on the Road Student Farmers at Penn State Study Modern High-Compression Tractors 4,000,000 Cars Bought with $50 "Cash Down" Pre-Testing Flying Power It's Tulip Time in Holland-- Michigan! Memorial Park to Mark Birth of American Aviation Perfect Circle Co. Entertains . Springfield Cuts Accident Toll "Woolaroc" Retains Atmosphere of Old West Ethyl Cooperates with Uncle Sam Ethyl Sponsors Automotive and Fleet School in Atlanta radio Announcer Boosts Motor Tune-Up Ethyl Clinic Invades Westchester Ethyl-Dow's Championship Soft- ball Team Travel Statistics Ethyl Gets There First--by Tele vision! Newsbriefs Service Awards ETC 22401 New Ethyl Research Laboratory Combine r Ethyl's new "proving ground." photographed irom the summit of Cajon Pass. HE Ethyl Gasoline Corpora equipped to facilitate the conduct Ttion recently announced the and analysis of a wide variety of completion of a new laboratory road tests with a high degree of pre at San Bernardino. California. Frocmision, supplements the Corporation's its doors stretches a great natural research laboratories at Detroit. It proving ground which approximates, is the tangible expression of a con in its remarkably varied topography, viction that the next ten years will most of the road conditions to be bring the greatest progress yet seen found in the United States. in the development of fuels and en This new laboratory, designed and gines. View of the knocktesting engine room. The laboratory is completely equipped for making exhaus tiveanalyses of fuels. This enterprise is the result of a search of several years for a locality having a sufficiently wide range of topography and climate to permit tests on fuels and engines the year round under conditions approaching those encountered in any section of the country. The natural proving ground final ly selected lies near San Bernardino, California, and covers an area that includes the San Jacinto, San Ga briel, Santa Ana, and San Bernar dino Mountains and the Mojave Desert. The roads which traverse this area drop to 200 feet below sea level and rise to 7,000 feet above; vary from the billiard table flatness of a dry lake bed to 12% grades encoun tered in a 36-mile climb. Tempera tures vary from blistering desert heat as high as 115 degrees F. to winter cold at high mountain alti tudes. The laboratory building, located on a 25-acre plot facing U. S. High way No. 66, is T-shaped and is de- "Page two ETHYL NEWS ETC 22402 ines Miniature "U. S. as Proving Ground t The beautiful new laboratory building Is T-shaped, allowing for expansion in three directions. signed to permit expansion in three rooms are also located in this wing. livers the fuels to the dynamometers. ( directions. The office wing provides The third wing contains the ga Blowing equipment in connection offices and drafting room for the rage, fuel blending equipment, chas with the chassis dynamometer is technical staff as well as rooms for sis and engine dynamometer and capable of producing an air blast of technical files and photographic pro associated equipment and the ma 85 miles an hour against the front of t I* cesses. The engine and fuel testing chine shop. Cars and all types of a vehicle on test. Fuel in drums and wing houses complete fuel inspec commercial vehicles can be serviced. cans is stored in a separate building tion laboratories equipped with four Eight x.ooo-gallon underground gas which is equipped for the precision C.F.R. engines and chemical appar oline storage tanks are tied into a blending of fuels in quantities of 100 t atus. Other laboratories are equipped central fuel blending system and gallons or less. A commercial mo for exhaust gas analysis, ignition eight gasoline pumps in the garage tor truck scale is provided for the 1 research and instrument calibration. dispense the fuels to the test vehi determination of the weight of test Instrument storage and shipping cles. An automatic system also de vehicles. A shelter protects instrui Standing--left to right: M. E. Collini. R. W. Adam*. I. C. Renfroe. C. A. McHenry, H. Hughei, Ray H. Seymour. R. C. Beauhler, Byron C. Lord. E. D. Lindsay, M. Prior. Arthur Stahlheber. W. O. Schulze. Second Row: Elmer Malke, T. H. Hilor. Iva F. Fell, Ethel Mischnick. Anna Lee Moulder, Wesley Price, I. S. Wintringham. Front Row: T. P. Henehcm, Don Hendricksen, Arthur Sortman. Minor L. Gamble. Michael A. Remondino, Rollin E. Gish. Richard M. Rice. Gilbert Way. > A .i, MAY, 1939 i ! Page three ETC-22403 II , I--ffl Tli q a r a q has sight gasolins pumps, sach supplisd from a ssparats 1,000 gallon tank underground. Thors ars eomplsts iarilitiei lor Tshicls maintenonco, rspodr, lubrication, and washing. !.) l.. Page four !;. This car is buck ing a gale of 85 miles an hour --blown through the large duct facing it 3Q3 Spark plug resis tance and firing vol tage during actual engine operation are determined by means of this special equip ment merits which record weather condi tions. All offices and fuel inspection lab oratories are air - conditioned and intercommunicating telephone and paging systems connect all parts of the building. For years the Ethyl Gasoline Cor poration has engaged in a continu ous and comprehensive program of research on fuels and engines, much of which has been carried out in co operation with the oil and automo bile industries. This new laboratory adds to the facilities available for such cooperative research in the years to come, when the problems in connection with the development of fuels and engines will be even more complex. ETHYL NEWS ETC 22404 Illinois Puts First Mobile Inspection Laboratory on tbe Road URING January last, the De D partment of Finance of the State of Illinois inaugurated a new service to the public by the introduction of the first of a fleet of mobile oil inspection laboratories to check up on petroleum products at the point of sale. The initial tests were conducted in the Chicago area. This unit is the forerunner of a number which the state plans to place in operation as soon as this one has proven itself and the Inspec tion Bureau feels that all the "kinks" have been ironed out. The purpose of the laboratory is to test samples of gasoline and other petroleum products being sold to the public through filling station outlets. Although samples have been inspect ed for some time in connection with the original delivery in truck, tank car and barge lots, "fuel received in this manner may not necessarily be the fuel dispensed to the public," says the Superintendent of the State Inspection Bureau. Analyzation of the distillation tests makes it possible also to deter mine whether or not any non-taxable products have been blended with taxable products, in violation of the provisions of the Motor Fuel Tax Act, thus guarding against tax evasion. The Laboratory is driven into a filling station, samples taken from all the dispensing equipment and the tests are run while the Lab oratory is there. If the tests show that any of the products do not meet state specifications the pumps are immediately labeled "sub-standard." presents several new developments of special interest to petroleum tech nologists. The general arrangement of the mobile laboratory has been very carefully worked out to secure the greatest efficiency for the crew. The entrance to the trailer opens into a spacious compartment partitioned off from the rest of the interior so as to form a dressing room. The labora tory contains an ice box, a metal sink with running water and tanks for compressed "cylinder" gas for operating distillation gas burners. There is also a Saybolt Chronome ter and a complete 4-unit Front View Distillation outfit. Altogether it is apparent that all space has been utilized to the fullest extent without crowding. The center aisle is 2y2' wide and 8J4' long, provid ing ample room for two operators to work. The Laboratory has no set route to travel and no one knows in ad vance when a particular station will be visited. This fact alone has a wholesome psychological effect. Although other states conduct field inspection, Illinois has pio neered in the use of the mobile lab oratory built into a trailer. The unit is replete with the most up-to-date testing equipment of its type and Interior of the Mobile Laboratory, teen from tbe dreeiing compartment. From left to right-- ice cbeet, link with water tank underneath, cloied cup flaih teiter (on box in comer), tanks for eempreiied gai. under itorage drawers, and front view distillation outfit MAY, 1939 Page five ETC 22405 Student Farmers at Penn State Study Modern Higk-Compression Tractors HE present marked trend to year's course, arranged by the head Twards higher compression in of the agricultural engineering de farm tractors is a movement be partment, Professor R. U. Blassining closely watched by students goafme. was sponsored by Massevfarm machinery. This is particularly Harris, who filled the pavilion-audi true in agricultural colleges, or col torium with a fine display of their leges offering agricultural courses, high-compression tractors and other where both faculty and students up-to-the-minute equipment. have shown a keen interest in the economics and conveniences of mod ern high-compression tractors which promise to make farming a simpler and more profitable occupation. A recent example is the annual "short course" in power farm equip ment at Penn State College, where Mr. Frank Stablein, tractor repre sentative of Ethyl's Xew York Di vision, was asked by the faculty to address the students on High Com pression and its relation to gasoline as a tractor fuel. Besides Mr. Stablein's talk and those by members of the faculty, other discussions were given by Massey - Harris executives, among whom were Mr. J. M. Davidson, farm machinery research engineer; Air. F. A. Sundquest, assistant sales manager; and Mr. E. E. Adams, experimental engineer--all of Ra cine, Wise. Messrs. M. A. Watts, of the engineering department at To ronto. and Lester Carver of Batavia, X. Y., lectured on various aspects of power tools. Two-day Symposium The "short course" in the agri cultural school at Penn State is an intensive two - day symposium in the mechanized branch of farming, which comes at the end of the regu lar term. Holding this study period as an annual event gives the students a chance to see a display of the lat est and most modern equipment A Goodyear representative, Mr. Gillian, spoke on the use of rubber tires for farm machinery. Among the outstanding talks by members of the college faculty was that of Pro fessor Clyde on "The Practical Ap plication of Machinery," and a dis course by Professor Sprague, who spoke from the viewpoint of the metallurgist on the treatment of each year, under the auspices of a steel and other metals used in trac leading tractor manufacturer. This tors and power tools. Agricultural students at Penn State learn about high-compression tractors and other up-todate farm equipment at a series of class lectures arranged in cooperation with Massey- Harris. Meeting is held in the school's stock-judging pavilion. 4,000,000 Cars Bought With $50 "Cask Down" 7,679,000 Cars Sold During 1938 O one has to be a millionaire N to buy an automobile nowa days. In fact, a majority of the cars sold in the United States in 1938 -- more than 4,000,000 -- were purchased by people who did not lay out more than $50 in cash as a down payment, according to an automobile - buying report of the American Petroleum Industries Committee. During the year approximately 7,679,000 automobiles were sold in the United States. Of these, about 30 per cent were new cars. The oth ers were used cars. Preliminary fig ures indicate that about 85 per cent of the new cars were bought with trade-ins constituting a part of the purchase payment. About 60 per cent of the new cars were sold on in stallment terms and although no comprehensive figures are available, because of the large percentage of trade-ins, it is believed most of the new purchases involved little or no initial cash outlay. Installment pay ments on the new cars generally av eraged $50 a month, according to the Xational Association of Sales Finance Companies. In the case of used cars, it is esti mated slightly more than half of them were sold with trade-ins. About 60 per cent of the used cars were financed, the time payments averag ing something less than $25 per month. The annual special automotive tax bill paid by the typical motorist ex ceeds $50 more than the initial down payment on most of the cars sold during 1938. --Oil Marketer. Page six ETHYL NEWS ETC 22406 Pre-Testing Flying Power HEN a man makes his first Wvisit to an airplane fac tory. almost without excep tion he will ask: "But. after you have finished designing a new mod el, how on earth do you know it will fly ?" That's a fair question. Here is how, months before a new design of airplane takes the air, The Glenn L. Martin Company makes sure of the proper performance of its power plant on an engine "Test Rig." The rig consists of a turntable, on which is a dummy section of an airplane wing with an engine in its nacelle, mounted on a framework several feet above the turntable platform. Necessary instruments are attached. In an "Observer's Balcony," lo cated on a level with the engine but shielded from it by a wall, are in struments for analyzing and record ing temperature and pressure condi tions throughout the fuel, oil and cooling systems. Separately mount ed as a portable unit on the ground is complete equipment for intensive vibration study. By the use of this combination of "mock-up" and testing instruments it is possible, months in advance of a trial flight, to determine the oper ating characteristics of a future air plane's power plant. After a crew of specialists have spent four weeks with this rig, they will have diagnosed every condition affecting engine operation which might otherwise have made trouble if left until the plane's flying tests. They have also determined whether the power plant can be operated on the ground within allowable temper ature limits. These men have accu rately reproduced many of the con ditions the ship's test pilot will face, and by anticipating them have ma terially lightened his responsibilities and reduced the risk-factor in the first trial flight. In that four weeks of pre-testing they have probably cut down by a third or a half the number of testflight hours which will later be re portant saving when the future air plane may be a new super-transport for transoceanic service. They have made sure that the cowling around the engine is effi ciently designed and will assure suf ficient air-flow around the engine to provide proper cooling even under the least favorable condition -- that of "ground cooling." They have as certained that the cooling system and fuel system will operate with proper efficiency under all combina tions of engine speed and wind-con ditions -- the turntable making it possible to head the plane "down wind" or "up the wind" or "across the wind." They have made sure that back pressure is not developed in the exhaust system. They have had the opportunity for recommend ing improvements in the oil cooling system, or a change in the design of the engine controls. They have made sure that the engine is mount ed for minimum vibration and that the propeller is similarly safe from developing vibration - trouble. They can tell the airplane's future owner just exactly how long it should take his men to change a propeller or re place an engine part. quired of the finished plane--an im Obviously the construction and operation of an engine test rig is an expensive undertaking, in terms of both materials and man - hours. However, it pays for itself by three separate economies: First, is the fact that it may speed up the delivery of the completed plane by as much as two months, which, when the Company has sev eral hundred thousand dollars of la bor and material tied up in its con struction, means a very considerable saving. Second, as mentioned, it reduces the time and expense of test-flying before delivery to the buyer. Third -- significant, even to the layman--the engine rig has reduced insurance premiums paid during the experimental period on new models. Although such a rig involves an investment and expenditure finan cially practicable only in connection with large-scale projects, its con ception and adoption helps to ex plain the successful design and man ufacture of high tonnage aircraft of transport, naval and military types. Scientific instruments, in the hands of painstaking engineers, pre-test every factor affecting engine opera tion thus saving weeks in launching a new transport or army plane. MAY, 1939 Page seven ETC 22407 I, II ITz*'". I Il'XDREDS jKtr ------ of wooden JfX I I shoesklop- klop-klop down the street. An army of men and wo men in quaint costumes--the men in pantaloons, the women wearing wide-winged caps of white lace-- advance behind a tide of soapsuds. There is much scrubbing, mopping and banging of buckets. The town is being "washed behind the ears" for visitors, for it is the formal open ing of the tulip season in Holland. Holland. Michigan, that is. "Tulip Time" in the town of Hol land is a community festival, and open house season when neighbors }i and tourists for many miles around i visit this spotless little community i : to admire the three million import i'! .i ed tulips which are planted about the town. Holland is appropriately named, for 90% of the residents are of Dutch descent. A glance at the i , business signs along one block of the main street reveals such names as Fris' Bookstore, Pieper the op tometrist, Yonkers' Drugs, Du Saar : ii photographers' supplies, and many others--DeVries & Dornbos, John De Jonge, Kroll's plumbing shop, etc. So great is the enthusiasm of these people for the colorful bulbs that double lines of tulips are plant ed at the curbs along eight miles of streets, with regular beds at inter sections. More elaborate beds dec orate the public parks, while bulb It s Tulip Time in H Below--One and a hall million tulip* growing in community bulb farm* greet visitors at the outskirts oi Holland. farms on the outskirts of town con tain a million and a half plants. The loyalty of the townspeople to their flowers is strikingly shown in the fact that during the months when the bulbs are planted and coming to bloom, hardly a one is trampled or injured. On the opening date of Holland's "Tulip Time" festival--the Satur day nearest the middle of May--a colorful ceremony takes place. Early i in the afternoon the Burgemeester (at other times, the mayor) and the Gemeente Raad (otherwise the city !.i aldermen) tour the city in velvet pantaloons and bright jackets, look ing for all the world like characters l t i Page eight ETHYL NEWS ETC 22408 Holland -- Michigan! -and more Tulips! wooden shoes marches along be side the college president who has been knighted to the order of Orange-Xassau by Queen Wilhelmina. Milkmaids and fishmongers follow, their pails and baskets hung from wooden shoulder-yokes as the cus tom is even today in the Nether lands. After the klomping procession of grown-ups has gone by, there is a clickety-clack of younger feet romp ing to the rhythm of old folk-tunes. In the parade there are few floats, but a great number of brightly paint ed milk carts with fittings of pol ished brass. These are drawn by powerful, shaggy dogs whose an cestors in the old country padded along under similar carts as they bumped over cobblestone paths be side the canals. There are even carts piled with straw for youngsters of kindergarten age. The whole ceremony, especially the preliminary scrubbing, is so col orful as to draw crowds of visitors every year. For the past several years it has been broadcast from 72 radio stations. It is a pleasant way for the older folks to welcome those who have come to admire the tulips. And for the youngsters, it helps to keep alive some of the richer tradi tions of the splendid little country from which their ancestors came. - This rather unusual service station is located on Highway 21, half-way between Holland and Zeeland, Mich. It is knozi'n as the "Midway Sta tion." It seems that the building was put tip in Holland about six years ago for a vegetable stand, but the City Council objected to it as a "hideous monstrosity." At that time a Mr. Nicodemus Bush was Mayor, so the building was nicknamed "Old Nick." It caused so much comment and bickering, however, that to preserve the dignity of the Mayor's office, the City of Holland bought the building and moved it far out of town --ivhere it has stood until its present owner purchased it re cently and converted it into a filling station. "Spotless Town" comes to life. From the running-board ol his streamlined Pontiac this burgher watches re-enactment of an ancient scene: Dutch girls with bright cheeks dusting and scrubbing the streets in preparation for Tulip Time. from a Rembrandt or Van Dyck miniature. Having inspected the streets, they call out the citizens to scrub them. Hundreds upon hun dreds of hearty burghers respond-- all in costume--loaded with buckets, brooms and brushes. There is a great clatter of wooden shoes, there is plenty of fun and tomfoolery-- but the suds really fly. After the streets are clean, bugles and drums start off the annual volksparade. The broom and bucket bri gade is followed by hundreds, of townspeople in the regalia their forefathers wore in Yolendam. Marken. and Zeeland. A shoemaker who has spent the week carving MAY, 1939 Page nine ETC 22409 Memorial Park to Mark Birth of American Aviation X commemoration of the 35th an appropriate shaft made of North I niversary of the first sustained Carolina pink granite with an en flight made by the Wright broth graved bronze plate serves as a ers on Kill Devil Hill at Kitty marker. Hawk, North Carolina, on Decem The Wright brothers conceived ber 17th, 1903, the city of Dayton their first-ideas of flight in Dayton, publicly acclaimed the surviving brother, Orville Wright (Wilbur died in 1919) with appropriate cer emonies. The celebration was at tended by such national figures as Henry Ford, Colonel E. A. Deeds, chairman of the board of the Na tional Cash Register; Charles F. Kettering and Brigadier General A. W. Robins, Commandant of Wright Field. Dayton has the unique distinction of being not only the birthplace of aviation, but of the automobile self- actually flew across the street. But this marked only the begin ning of their problems. The next difficulty came through the absence of accurate information on propel lers. Although this type of loco motion had been known for almost a century, there was little design data recorded. To face the situation the Wrights experimented and test ed theories, producing a propeller that converted two - thirds of the power applied into useful effort. This was about 30% better than anything used up to that time. In the same manner, through sheer necessity, these early investi gators studied air pressures, build ing and using the first wind tunnel. Through this source they collected America's first aeroplane hangar--Kitty Hawk, 1903. Above, the celebrated Wright brothers. starter and Ethyl fluid, both of which have contributed so much to transportation. In a simple program, complying with Mr. Wright's request, the part played by these intrepid brothers in the field of American invention was traced by Mr. Kettering, after which Colonel Deeds announced that a me morial park dedicated to the Wright brothers for their contribution to sci ence and aviation was to be opened in 1939. This park, which will be available to the public, will overlook to the east the site of the first Wright hangar and to the west the Army's air base, Wright Field. An where they operated a bicycle re pair shop--now preserved in Henry Ford's Dearborn Village. With very little authentic data established by previous scientists, the Wrights be gan their experiments first with gliders. Basing their calculations on the Lilienthel tables of aerodynam ics, their results proved erroneous and discouraging. With fortitude, however, the brothers proceeded to carry out other experiments in order to build their own set of aerodynamic tables, which would be reliable. Translating these findings into fur ther building the Wrights produced their first successful glider, which data which were correct and reliable. While these difficulties were experi enced in preparation for their ulti mate object, another appeared dur ing flight. Ever since their glider ex periments the matter of stability had been a problem -- tailspins were nothing new to them -- but through dauntless effort they worked out a satisfactory solution. Kitty Hawk, on the coast of North Carolina, was selected for the experiments because it was isolated and offered the type of air currents over the sands which they thought were best suited for their studies. Even here trouble pursued them. Page ten ETHYL'NEWS ETC 22410 They had built their own gasoline engine especially for the proposed flight. It was a four-cylinder hori zontal job with a bore and stroke of four inches, developing 12 h.p. Com pared with aviation engines of today it hardly seems possible that such a small power plant could lift the ship into the air and sustain it in flight. After two days of testing, one of the tubular propeller shafts broke. This caused a delay of almost two weeks, since Orville had to return to Dayton to build a new part. On December 17th, 1903, every thing was again in readiness. Despite the handicap of small patches of ice which had formed during the night and a brisk wind they finished their preparations, and with the help of John T. Daniels and Adam Eth eridge of the United States Coast Guard, the brothers launched their aeroplane. On that memorable day the first sustained flight of 57 sec onds was made -- and marked the beginning of a new era in transpor tation. The brothers sent their fath er, Bishop Milton Wright, in Dayton. a telegram--the full significance of which we can appreciate only af ter these many years-- "SUCCESS FOUR FLIGHTS THURSDAY MORNING ALL AGAINST 21 MILE WIND. STARTED FROM LEVEL WITH ENGINE POWER ALONE. AVERAGE SPEED THROUGH AIR 31 MILES. LONGEST FLIGHT 57 SEC ONDS. INFORM PRESS. HOME CHRISTMAS." Perfect Circle Co. Entertains At Ethyl Clinic 300 Perfect Circle repreientativei at Ethyl's St. Louis clinic. A FTER holding a successful /A series of 56 major meetings / 'in St. Louis. Ethyl's Kansas City Division Clinic, in cooperation with the Perfect Circle Company, through their District Manager. Mr. Jack Taylor, reached out to secure an audience of over 300. Included in this gathering were five members of the Galloway Ma chine and Electric Company, who attended with Mr. J. W. Galloway from Hooperstown. III., 225 miles distant. The Acme Auto Supply Co. was represented by four members from Cairo.'Illinois, which is 151 miles from St. Louis. Mr. V. A. Williams, owner of the Williams Motor, Chevrolet dealers, attended with six of his organization from Salem, Illinois, a distance of 71 miles. These several groups from points so far distant gives evidence of the great amount of interest the Clinic has evoked. The audience was comprised main ly of automobile agency mechanics, guests of the Perfect Circle Jobbers. Springfield Cuts Accident Toll EWSPAPERS, auto own sponding figure for the year before, N ers. pedestrians and the po with 27 less pedestrians injured. lice force of Springfield, Much of the success of this cam Massachusetts, all worked togetphaeirgn is due to Chief John F. Ma last year in an intensive drive to re loney. who concentrated motorcycles duce the number of traffic accidents. and patrol cars at those intersec The city-wide "safe-driving" cam tions which had proved danger spots paign began in July, with excellent in the past. Chief Maloney, how newspaper support, and ran until ever, gave most of the credit to the the end of the year. As a result, drivers themselves for recognizing traffic deaths in the last half of that a high death toll was prevent 1938 were only 66fo of the corre- able, and trying to overcome it. Part of tbo motor* cycle squad of the Springfield police force. All motor* cycles and crois* ing ears are fueled with Ethyl. MAY, 1939 Page eleven ETC 22411 Woolaroc Retailis- Frank Phillips. th* founder of Woolaroc Museum and Lodge. \XY oil company executives building Woolaroc Lodge and Mu M have at one time or another seum can best be summed up in his had the privilege of visit own words. He says: "I came to ing and being entertained at "WOokolalhoma thirty-five years ago and aroc" Lodge on the beautiful ranch have seen the old give way to the new, of Mr. Frank Phillips, Chairman of I am trying in a small way to pre the Phillips Petroleum Co., of Bar serve the atmosphere and memory of tlesville, Okla. the old Oklahoma Indian country." Perhaps Mr. Phillips' purpose in How well he has succeeded in his de- sire is evidenced by the fact that in 1930 he was officially adopted into the Osage Indian Tribe -- the only white man ever to be so honored. Despite the sound, the name "Woolaroc" is not of Indian origin but was inspired by the woods, lakes and rocks which are included in the Frank Phillips Ranch. The Lodge is built of rough logs and comprises two main structures, joined by a patio. The smaller wing, the dining room, is a replica of the Nebraska home of Mr. Phillips' father in the early days, where the son was born, being one of the first white children in Greeley County. This early home served the elder Phillips, who was a judge, as court house for the community. The great living room has huge fireplaces built of native stone. A fine collection of Navajo rugs cover the floor and on the walls one will find some of the best examples of mount ed heads and horns to be seen in the country. Here also are oil paintings depicting Indian and pioneer life which form one of the most complete groups of pictures of this type in the Middle West. Museum Dedicated to Friends Probably the most unusual feature of the Ranch is the Woolaroc Mu- <. < Th* Woolaroc Museum. built of nattr* iton* and dedicated to "th* Osage Indians and oth*r friends whose emblems and tokens bar* mad* th* collection possible." It stands on th* highest ground of th* ranch. Page twelve Inside th* Museum ar* many exhibits and relics portraying Indian life in early Oklahoma. Th* airplane, purchased by Mr. Phillips for CoL A. C. Goebel, won th* annual Dole flight in 1927. ETHYL NEWS ETC 22412 ins Atmosphere of Old West seum. which is situated on the high est point in the enclosure. Mr. Phil lips has dedicated this to: "The Osage Tribe of Indians, various or ganizations and many good friends who have honored me with emblems and tokens making the collection, possible." H. R. Cunningham, Sales Promotion Man ager, shown with first tankwagon oi the Phillips company. The building is constructed of na tive stone procured on the Ranch and is designed and erected to stand for main- generations. Although the col lection contains in great part relics devoted to Indian life and early Okla homa. it also includes a wide variety of articles from all over the world. An outstanding exhibit is the "Woolaroc,'' an airplane purchased by Mr. Phillips for Colonel Arthur C. Goe bel. who. with Lt. W. V. Davis, won the Dole race from Oakland, Califor nia, to Hawaii in 1027, in 26 hours, 17 minutes. It was one of only two planes out of eight starters to com plete the flight. On view are the offi cial ceremonial costumes and articles presented to Mr. Phillips on his in duction into the Osage Indian Tribe. The land on which the Ranch is located has an interesting history. In 1871. the Federal Government moved the Osage Indians from Kansas to the Osage Nation, the reservation in cluding what is now Osage County. Here large herds of cattle, owned by both whites and Indians, found am ple grazing. Fences were unknown and cattle trails the only roads. For many years the area was a favorite hunting ground for the Indians and white settlers but later it became an outlaw hangout. "Outlaw Gulch," with its fresh spring water, was for years the favorite headquarters for desperados and cattle thieves. The very nature of the uneven, almost in accessible land made it an ideal hid ing place. Quite recently evidences of a prehistoric village have been dis covered within the Ranch boundar ies and various implements and crude utensils which were found are on display in the Museum. A striking sundial--Indian with, tom-tom-- marks the bright hours at the ranch. It stands in front of the lodge house. The main buildings of the Ranch are situated on a hill overlooking Outlaw Gulch and the largest of the lakes. At the water's edge are hath houses and bathing beach and across the lake is the picnic grounds with pavilion, barbecue pits and even an Indian tepee. In short, Mr. Phillips, while securing many of the comforts and luxuries, of the present day, has with all preserved the primitive beauty of the Osage hills and cap tured as well the atmosphere of the Old West. i! luiKwari 4 MAY, 1939 Above Woolaroc Lodge. 00 th. FP ranch, is built of rough logs. Two largo structures are joined by a patio. Smaller wing, a din ing room, is a replica of the home oi Mr. Phillips' father many years ago. It was in such a room as this that the senior Phillips presided as County Judge of Greeley Coun ty. Nebraska. Left: Across the lake from the lodge -- the picnic pavilion where large parties are fre quently entertained. Page thirteen ETC 22413 I > ! ! Ethyl Cooperates with Uncle Sam HE following unsolicited let Tter was received recently at the Dayton office of the Ethyl Gas oline Corporation, from Brigadier General Adna R. Chaffee, Com manding officer of the Seventh Cav alry Brigade (Mechanized), Head quarters. Fort Knox, Kentucky. "I desire to express my apprecia tion to yon and the other members of your Clinic for the time and ef fort devoted to my command. Your conferences and demonstrations on the relationship between fuels and horsepower and the special sessions on modern engine tune-up were ex cellently arranged and convincingly presented. could not have been more timely. "The instructional assistance which "I would appreciate you transmit you gave so wholeheartedly, is bound ting to your headquarters my sincere to reflect in immediate and material appreciation, as well as the apprecia improvement in operation and main tion of the hundreds of officers and tenance. As preventive maintenance men of the Seventh Cavalry Brigade is being emphasised during this pe {Mechanised), for the opportunity riod of instruction, your cooperation afforded us to better qualify ourselves in carrying on the important role of mechanisation in the Army." Very truly yours, Brigadier General. L\ S. A.. Ethyl Sponsors Automotive and Fleet School in Atlanta URING the closing days of who outlined the purpose of the gath D March, an Automotive and ering, the program which had been Fleet School was held in At scheduled and introduced the various lanta, Georgia, at which representsapeakers. Those who addressed the tives from eleven of the largest fleets meetings during the balance of the operating in the southeast and most week included Messrs. H. B. Treva- of the oil companies marketing in the than of the Carter Carburetor Co. of area were in attendance. St. Louis; Martin Archangeli of The first session was opened on Wilcox-Rich Co., Detroit; Sumner Monday. March 27th, by Mr. J. A. Howard of A.C. Spark Plug Co., Costello, Manager of the Ethyl Gaso Flint, Michigan, and E. F. Wenzel line Corporation's Atlanta Division, from Detroit, representing Strom- berg Carburetor Co. Also Messrs. Theron Bradshaw of Perfect Circle Piston Ring Co. from Hagerstown, Md.; H. E. Miles and George Baker of Atlanta, representing the Hall Manufacturing Co. and Champion Spark Plug Co., respectively, and from Ethyl's Detroit Engineering Laboratory, Messrs. Julian Frey and Errol Gay. A great deal of interest was shown for the entire program and for the session on oils the Stand ard Oil Company of Kentucky had their field representatives in the State of Georgia attend in a body. As a result of the meetings it is reported that additional schools are to be held by some of the oil compan ies later in the year to which a large number of the fleet operators in the territory will be invited. Much of the material which was supplied by the Fleet School in Atlanta will be used as a basis for these other educational meetings. The school ended on Friday with a banquet and floor show for those who had been in attendance through out the week. Page fourteen ETHYL NEWS ETC 22414 Radio Announcer Gives Boost for Motor Tune-Up Ethyl Clinic Invades Westchester r. VOLNEY T. JAMES, M of the firm of Volney T. James and Associates, Ra dio Advertising, Los Angeles, stopped in a Rio Grande service sta tion at 1000 Wilshire Boulevard re cently and asked for Ethyl. The at tendant asked if he had had his engine tuned for Top Performance. Mr. James remarked that he had been using Ethyl Gasoline for years, but had never had the engine ad Mr. R. L. Jordan, Ethyl Gaioline Corporation's Director o! Field Activities; Mr. F. R. Banks from London. England; Mr. L. B. Roberts, Buenos Aires. S. A. justed for its use--like a great many other people, it was simply his habit ITH representatives from to use the best. Learning that a spe cial tune-up to match the gasoline would give him better performance, he waited while the job was done in the modern tune-up shop con nected with this station. WEngland and South Amer ica attending the same meeting, the New York Division's Ethyl Motor Clinic No. 7 can per haps claim a record for an audience from the most widely divergent points. Mr. F. R. Banks, of Lon Like a New Car don, specializes in aircraft engine developments in Europe and Mr. L. After driving the newly adjusted car for about fifteen minutes, he came back and reported that the im provement in performance was so marked that it really seemed like another automobile. He carried his enthusiasm a step further. A few nights later, during the course of one of his broadcasts over station KMTR, he related the experience to his radio audience, even giving B. Roberts hails from Buenos Aires, to which post he was assigned al most three years ago. They both were present at the opening meeting April 10th, in New Rochelle, New York. Westchester County and City Of ficials, as well as oil and automotive representatives, gave the Clinic an excellent start at this new location. Clinic Manager Littlefield and Au tomotive Engineer Guy Donohue shared in the presentation. The ac companying informal pictures were taken after the meeting. the name and address of the service station. The next day the station tele phone was ringing almost constant ly. Over 80 telephone calls were re ceived, asking the details of engine In oval above: Editor W. Cary Harris--won dering, no doubt, about copy for the next iuue. tune-up, and during the day 23 own ers brought their cars in for tuning. Naturally the tune-up operator was delighted with the business, which developed as a result of the chance contact with Mr. James and the radio publicity which it brought him. He gave a complete report of the incident to the Ethyl Motor Clinic in Los Angeles. Right: Meiirt. George McDaniel, SoconyVac uum'. Assistant Dis trict Manager; Roy Goltx, Ethyl's Assis tant New York Divi sion Manager; R. Brown, Socony Vac uum District Manager and R. C. Murphy, Ethyl's New York Di vision Manager. MAY, 1939 Page fifteen ETC 22415 Travel Statistics Ethyl-Dow's Championship Softball Team A.ST year's champions of the McKeithan, C; Glenn Cantwell, P; L Wilmington City League, the Plant Manager C. M. Shigley, OF; -- Ethvl-Dow softball team Carroll Koonce, OF. Front row-- shown above came through a bril J. A. Brown, P; James Peterson, liant season with the record of I" OF; Dan Jones, OF; Tom Grain games won, 3 lost. They then ger, OF; and the team's manager- clinched the championship by defeat catcher, Max Register. ing Atlantic Coast Line Railway's This year's team will again con team three consecutive games in a sist of Harlan McKeithan as cap "round robin." Included in the tain. Max Register as manager and league were teams from the follow W. S. McKeithan, Shep McKeithan, ing organizations: White's Ice Roy Jones, Billy High. Glenn Cant Cream Company, City Optical Com well, C. M. Shigley, Carroll Koonce, pany, Smith Shoe Repair Company, J. A. Brown, Janies Peterson, Dan Atlantic Coast Line and Ethyl- Jones and Tom Grainger. New ad Dow. ditions are Heywood Moore and E. Players shown above are: back F. Anderson. L. C. Marshall is sec row, left to right--W. S. McKeith- retary and treasurer. They will play an, SS ; Roy Jones, 2B ; Dick Saun in the Independent League, against ders, C; Shep McKeithan, 3B; Joe teams from the Atlantic Coast Line, Elakes, OF. In the middle row, the City Optical Company, White's Ice pretty mascot is Olive Smith, of Cream Company, Taylor-Colquitt ficial scorekeeper. Standing with her Company and Wertheimer Bag are Billy High, iB; Captain Harlan Company. esearchers are looking for R many a statistic to oe devel oped this year when the Amer ican people drive their motor vehi cles . to two simultaneous World's Fairs. Already it is estimated that at least one-third of all American mo torists will drive to one or the other of the fairs. This means that upward of 9,000,000 motor cars will be on the roads this summer. The simultaneous fairs, one on each coast, provide the first real op portunity the motorists have had to put to good use the roads for which they have been paying gasoline tax es since 1919. Advance estimates indicate these folks will roll up a total of 45.000.000.000 passenger miles, a figure which will set a rec ord for mass movement of popula tion. The states haven't overlooked the possibilities of making themselves a bit of money on the deal. Those through which pass roads leading to the fairs have fixed up their high ways to encourage motor travel and the consequent payment of millions in gasoline taxes. Local business is cutting itself in on the party, for highways traditionally create new business along their entire length. If all the hot dogs which will be consumed by fair-bound motorists were put end to end . . . ! Page sixteen Ethyl Gets There First -- By Television! One hundred and fifty tele vision sets at the World's Fair have been installed by RCAVictor, spotted at different points throughout the grounds. Ten hours of entertainment every day will be telecast from a studio in New York and picked up for the benefit of Fair audiences. Some of these programs will be telecasts -of talking motion pictures--and among them will be a specially adapted version of the Ethyl film, the "Long Road." ETHYL NEWS ETC 22416 On Tuesday, March21st,there arrived a new member of the Cronin family-- who will be known as Peter Hayward Cro nin, we are told. The many friends of the Cronins are busy congratulating them on their lusty youngster, who is shown here heartily vo calizing at the tender age of one day. Master Peter was born at the Johns Hopkins Hospital in Bal timore, and weighed _8jd pounds at birth. We add our own very hearty congratulations to those already received by Frank and Mrs. Cronin--and a,, bouqu--et -a-l-s--o to the photographer who snapped one of the most appealing baby pictures we've ever had the pleasure of seeing! Josephine Nelsen, a graduate of the Bay Ridge High School, is a new member of the New York General Sales Department. She has joined Russ Weston's staff and is filling the vacancy left by JeanHarmon, who has taken up the duties of Secre tary to Ed Downs. Before coming to Ethyl, Jo was with a cotton broker for two years. Her favorite forms of diversion are swimming, skating and dancing. Being a very attractive blonde Norwegian, it's very difficult not to call Jo, Sonja. Stuart Forbes, Automotive En gineer with the Atlanta Division Clinic, journeyed back to his home town of Flint. Michigan, and on March 25th married Miss Margaret Dodds of that city. Marge is a grad uate of the Uni versity of Mich igan where she was a member of Phi Beta Phi. The "La ment of an Ethyl Wife," published in the March "News," worried Stuart consider ably but he managed to keep it out of sight until after the ceremony. Our hearty con gratulations to Mr. and Mrs. Stuart Forbes. NEWSBRIEFS On March 1st, 1939, Howard B. Hudiburg joined the Chicago Clin ic as Junior En gineer. He is a graduate of Kan sas State Uni versity where he received a B. S. degree in Chem ical Engineering in 1935. Prior to joiningthe Ethyl family, Howard was with the Standard Oil Company of Indiana as chemical engineer in their Re search Department. He is married and has a daughter. When Grace Katherine Donohue and Joan Ellen Musick start reminiscing a few years hence, they will have a lot in com mon. First of all, Grace was born March 28th. 1939, and Joan, April 5th, 1939, which is about a week apart. But most im portant is the fact that their respective fathers, Guy Donohue and Roy Musick, are making history in Ethyl's New York Division. Guy, our No. 7 Clinic automo tive engineer, is an old hand at raising a family, having two children already, but Roy Musick, our new eastern Pennsyl vania representative, is going through his first experience. Grace Katherine Dono hue hit the scales at 8 lbs., 4 ozs., and Joan Ellen Musick weighed 6 lbs., 13 ozs. These two new little girls put the New York Di vision further ahead than ever and the year is not even six months old. We extend our sincere congratulations to the Dono hues and the Musicks. The Yonkers Gasoline Testing Laboratory wel comes Eileen Fitzgerald to its staff. She grad uated from the Gorton High School and then attended business college. Her fa vorite forms of amusement are tennis and sing ing. jpHVW- ' j? From the middle-west plains of Michi gan to the sunkist valley of San Bernar dino has come Elmer "Cactus" Mahike. "Cactus" has been transferred to the Test Lab at San Bernardino to assist "Buck" Renfroe on the C.F.R.'s. Frederick K. Cody joined the Ethyl family as Junior Engineer of the Atlanta Clinic on April 10th. Fred came to us from the General Motors Parade of Pro gress and prior to that time had been with Mc Cann - Erickson, advertising agency. He is a graduate of the University of Michigan. Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence D. Reis of Tulsa, Oklahoma, are receiving congratu lations on the birth of a son, Master Rob ert Richard Reis, who weighed six pounds, nine ounces on his birthdav, March 13th, 1939. John Amos Fischer, a new member of the Ethyl family, joined the staff of the Kansas City Testing Laboratory on March 20th. He is a native of Findlay, Ohio, and a graduate of the Findlay High School and the Internation al Correspon dence School. After being associated with the National Refining Company's laboratory for nine years, where he was promoted to Assistant Chief Chemist, he accepted a position with the Lima Crude Refining Company as Chief Chemist, later becoming Superin tendent. John is married and makes his home in North Kansas City. The Following Service Awards Have Been Made as of May r, 1939 TEN YEARS Walter A. Bauer______ ______________________ ____ Yonkers Laboratorv Henry E. Cottrell___ _____________________________________ Tulsa Sales Tucker E. Dawson____ ... . _________ __Baton Rouge Laboratorv Stephen H. Droege------- Yonkers Laboratorv Ethel Harling__ _____ _.. ___ __________________ Administration Richard C. Murphy___ _______________________________ New York Sales Matthew A. Taylor__ ___________ ______ __________ Boston Sales James Terrell ------ FIVE YEARS Paul E. McElroy______ ______________________New York General Sales Gladys Rodgers MAY, 1939 Page seventeen ETC 22417 I- iv j it i :I .1 J v ' CRUISING RANGE... 3000 miles ALASKA to HAWAII 3> miles over open, treacherous water... the Golden Plover wings his way. To give himself greater cruising range for the hazardous trip he has fattened up his body with extra "fuel." For years these little fellows have been demon strating two vital requirements of long-distance flying... capacity for carrying sufficient fuel and the ability to use that fuel efficiently. And year after year aviation has been learning to meet those requirements. Through continuous improvements in fuels and engines we have seen long over-water "hops" become routine flights. And because of improvements to come, routes that are still impractical for regular scheduled flights will be bridged by the planes of tomorrow, lb this end the Ethyl engineers are working with aviation engineers in a program of continuous research... to help develop the fuels and engines that will power those planes ... give them an everincreasing cruising range. ETC 22418 JUNE 1939 Specifications of a Man" 0 respect my country, my work, and myself. To be honest and fair with my fellow men as I expect them to be honest and square with me. To be a loyal citizen of the United States of America. To speak of it with praise and act always as a trustworthy custodian of its good name. To be a man whose name carries prestige wherever it goes. "To base my expectations of a reward on solid foundation of service rendered. To be willing to pay the price of success in honest effort. To look upon my work as an opportunity to be seized with joy and made the most of, and not as painful drudgery to be reluctantly endured. "To remember that success lies within myself, my own brain, my own ambition, my own courage and determination. To expect diffi culties and force my way through them. To turn hard experience into capital for future use. "To believe in my work heart and soul. To carry an air of optimism in the presence of those I meet. To dispel ill temper with cheerfulness, kill doubts with strong convictions, and reduce active friction with an agreeable personality. "To make a study of my business. To know my work in every detail. To mix brains with my effort, and use system and method in my work. To find time to do every needful thing by never letting time find me doing nothing. To hoard days as a miser hoards dollars. To make every hour bring dividends, increased knowledge or healthful recreation. "To keep my future unmortgaged by debts. To save as well as earn. To cut out expensive amusements until I can afford them. To steer clear of dissipation, and guard my health of body and peace of mind as a precious stock in trade. '. "Finally, to take a good grip on the joys of life. To play the game like a man. To fight against nothing so hard as my own weaknesses, and endeavor to grow in strength, a gentleman, a Christian. "So I may be courteous to man, faithful to friends, true to God. These, indeed, are "Specifications of a Man." From "Delco Doings/ ETC 22420 Ethyl Gasoline Corporation CHRYSLER BUILDINC NEW YORK CTTY W. CARY HARRIS Editor RUSSELL B. WESTON NORTHROP CLAREY, Jr. Associate Editors Correspondents J. A. Costello Atlanta F. S. Cronin Baltimore B. R. Jones Boston A. B. Wyrick Chicago R. R. Faller Dayton D. S. Flynn Kansas City Carl Abell Los Angeles R. L. Goltz New York J. N. Fitzgerald Toronto H. Kuhe Tulsa R. K. Scales Engineering Dept. L. Barnum Mfg. Baton Rouge C. Wasserman Mfg. Deepwater J. C. Pope Gasoline Testing Dept. E. J. Nieser Administration Dept. Hubert Fossett London THE MATERIAL IN THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRINTED PROVIDED DUE CREDIT IS GIVEN THE "ETHYL NEWS" OR ETHYL GASOLINE CORPORATION UNLESS IT IS A COPYRIGHTED ARTICLE Volume 6, Number 6 Europe Seeks Oil BETWEEN headlines, Europe searches for oil. New discoveries will not go far in supplying the demand, experts believe, but they look promis ing, particularly since a great deal of territory is still unexplored, according to a release just issued by the American Petroleum Institute. In France, deep drilling followed the geophysical exploration begun in 1937. A 3,814-foot test well at Pezenas showed traces of oil at 2,640 feet. No increase in the 52,500-bbl. annual production at Pechelbronn and Gabian in southern France is expected. Reitbrook, one of the new German fields developed within the last few years, was an important factor in bringing production in that country up to about 3,864,000 bbl. in 1938. Through incorporation of Austria, die Reich has obtained an additional supply of more than 42,000 barrels a month from the Zistersdorf field in the Vienna Basin and a larger output is expected. Despite extensive new drilling, Italy's 1938 production declined to about 92,260 barrels for aside from a small output of methane gas at Rosalina in the Venice Basin and more traces of gas in the Po Valley, efforts to open up new production have been unsuccessful. Areas slated for tests include Fontevivo, Podenzano and parts of southern Italy. Albanian production, developed by Italian capital, remains the major source of supply, although it did not reach anticipated levels in 1938. American development in Hungary is showing the results of systematic preparation over a period of years. At Lispe in southwestern Hungary, pro duction amounts to about 2,100 barrels daily. Natural gas output including smaller quantities produced in the north totals approximately 245,000,024 cubic feet. As a result, Hungary has become, in large measure, selfsufficient. Interest in exploration is active. No important oil discoveries were made in Czecho-slovakia and Yugo slavia during 1938 but Germany plans further exploration in Slovakia, it is believed. Leading international oil companies are applying for concessions in Yugoslavia. Holland, so far, has not found oil in commercial quantities, but is continuing the search, as are also Denmark and Sweden. In Greece, hopes are centered on the Kalanas Valley, believed to be a continuation of the Albanian oil belt. Drilling will be continued in this area and in the Epirus province, where there are large asphalt deposits. In Bulgaria, the Preslav, Sliven and Varna areas will be tested. Exploration is planned in Portugal. Traces of oil have been found in many parts of Switzerland, but it is believed that state assistance will be necessary before the country can be completely explored. In This Issue Specifications of a Man Europe Seeks Oil Canada's National Air Service Zeke and the Boys West Virginia Net work Puts Ethyl Clinic on the Air Thousands of New Cars Take Water Route from Detroit Standard Oil at Motor Clinic, Jackson, Miss. Thirty Years Old--And Still Running! The Story of the Funk Farms and Hy brid Com Ketteringisms Vancouver Pioneers in Plan to Curb Highway Death Toll Noted Tenor Guest at Preview Highway is Foundation of Nation's So cial Order Ethyl Motor Clinic Itinerary New Ethyl Gasoline Corporation Per sonnel at Baton Rouge ELA Plant Service Awards Newsbriefs ETC 22421 A huge Lockheed 14. One of TransCanada Air Line's fleet receives a regu lar check-up in Winnipeg hangar. Canada's National Air Service IGHTED by the flares of news- as Indians in full regalia admired Ij reel cameramen, cheered by a the white man's thunderbirds. A throng of spectators, a big Lockheed little girl "christened" the plane with taxied down the strip at Montreal's the mingled waters of the Fraser airport on the night of April 1st and and St. Lawrence rivers symboliz took off toward Ottawa, on the way ing the closer union of Canada's to Vancouver, the other side of the widespread communities brought continent. That was at 9 o'clock, about by the new transcontinental Eastern Standard Time. Three quar air service. ters of an hour later (6:45 Pacific The T.C.A. was incorporated by Standard Time), another plane Act of Parliament on April 10th, started from Vancouver and headed 1937. Capitalization was $5,000,000 east. The passenger service of the and it was stipulated that a majority Trans-Canada Air Lines had begun. of the 50,000 shares must be held by The climax of two years' organiza the Canadian National Railways. tion and development was marked S. J. Hungerford, Chairman and by ceremonies at both ends of the President of the C.N.R., heads the long line. At Montreal, Hon. C. D. organization as President and Philip Howe, Minister of Transport and G. Johnson, prominent air lines ex Philip G. Johnson, vice president of ecutive with more than 20 years' the T.C.A., spoke for the newsreels. experience in the organization and Flying as far as Ottawa, Mr. Howe operation of large-scale commercial was one of the first passengers. He flying, was appointed Vice Presi recalled a survey flight he and H. J. dent. Symington, K.C., a T.C.A. director, The route extends from Moncton, made two years ago as a preliminary in the Atlantic province of New to the organization of die air line, Brunswick, 2,839 miles to Vancou when the route was covered be ver on the Pacific coast, going tween dawn and dusk. At Vancou through such important centres as ver, citizens staged a little pageant. Montreal, Ottawa, Toronto, North In costumes of die eighties, they re Bay, Winnipeg, Regina, Lethbridge; minded the public of the coming of goes from Lethbridge up to Calgary the first railroad train to the Pacific and Edmonton (288 miles), and from Vancouver to Seattle (122 miles). Auxiliary lines operated by other companies carry on to Moose Jaw, Saskatoon, Prince Albert and North Battleford and across to Victoria'. Plans are being discussed for ser vices from Toronto to Windsor and Detroit and to Buffalo, for a Quebec "loop" and for lines from Moncton to Halifax, Saint John and Char lottetown. It was in the north that the Do minion for years maintained first place in the world for the carnage of freight by air. Today it is exceeded only by the U.S.S.R. Many impor tant mining properties in the Cana dian north owe their development to air transport. Following years of study, the Ca nadian government made a coast-to- coast survey in 1928 and construction of the trans-Canada airway began. Two years later, air mail service went into effect over short distances but this was discontinued, because of the depression, in 1932. Work on the airway went on, however, as a means of alleviating unemployment. Until the end of 1937, activities of the Trans-Canada Air Lines con sisted largely of organization, al- Swiftly passing over the great prairies of Manitoba a Trans-Canada plane wings its way to the coast ETHYL J%`EWS [*] ETC 22422 thoughcommercial operations began as early as September of that year, with the Vancouver-Seattle service acquired from the Canadian Air ways. Two Lockheed Electras were purchased immediately and three others, ordered in April, were deliv ered in October. At the end of the year, the company had 41 employees, and carefully selected pilots were undergoing a rigorous course of training. At the close of 1938, the staff had grown to 330, a fleet of 14 Lockheeds had been assembled and nearly 2,000,000 miles had been flown. Mails and express were being car ried across the continent. Hangars had been built, at Winnipeg and Lethbridge, and another was under construction at Malton Airport, To ronto. In the erection of these build ings, as in the construction of air ports by the Government and by various municipalities, allowances were made for the future. The Cana dian people, benefitting by the ex perience of the United States and other countries saw to it that their facilities were large enough or capa ble of expansion. Experimental daily mail service between Winnepeg and Vancouver began on March 1st, 1938 and be came a regular night mail seven months later. In the meantime, the Mail is loaded aboard a T. C. A. plane at Winnipeg. planes had begun carrying Cana dian National express. On Decem ber 1st, mail service by day started between Montreal and Winnipeg. The full overnight service, which went into effect on March 1st, was followed, a month later, by the be ginning of passenger service. In the first two weeks, 497 revenue passen gers were carried, as well as 13,007 pounds of mail. Leaving Montreal at 9 p.m., Otta wa at 10 and Toronto at 10:30, the planes reach Vancouver at 11:35 the following morning. In the opposite direction they take off at 6:45 p.m., reach Ottawa and Toronto at 11:50 the next morning and Montreal at 12:50. The Trans-Canada fleet at present consists of five Lockheed Electras and nine Super Electras or "14H" Loading first express shipments at Montreal upon inauguration of service late in 1938. Lockheeds. The latter have accom modation for ten passengers and a crew of three, a Captain, a First Offi cer and a Stewardess. Their cargo compartments are capable of carry ing 2,800 pounds and they have a fuel capacity of 536 Imperial gal lons. Powered by twin Pratt & White- ney 850-horsepower Hornets, they have a cruising speed of 209 miles an hour and a maximum of 244 miles an hour. They are equipped with the latest type of radio and gyro instru ments. The test house and shop where they are periodically over hauled is attached to the Winnipeg hangar and is one of the most mod em on the continent. This Month's Cover Raleigh Tavern at Williamsburg, Virginia, has been completely reconstructed on the original foundations with the guidance of inventories of two of its keepers during the 18th century. The Tavern has been furnished throughout but is not conducted as an inn. The original Tavern was more than a gathering place for casual visitors to Virginia's capital city during the 18th century. It may be said to have had a profound influence on the business, political and cultural life of the colony. Here the Burgesses met on at least two occasions after they had been dissolved by royal governors. jrirj%'E 19SB r 31 ETC 22423 Zeke and the Boys How Ethyl Gasoline Hitched Up with Them Kentuckians and Produced Ingenious Copy Angle Reprint from Printers' Ink YOU have seen, of course, the able title and one which might be cartoons drawn by Webb for overlooked by the buyers. Some Esquire and the like, the ones thatthing was needed for interest value show the Kentucky mountaineers at and to take the dry-as-dust out of home. Just about everybody has the campaign. That's where Zeke come across them by now in one and the moonshine boys came in. form or another--if not in the maga Insertions were placed in eight zine pages, perhaps as they were in commercial vehicle publications terpreted by the Ritz Brothers in the starting last November. They ap movies. Advertising men working on peared on a staggered schedule of Ethyl Gasoline reckoned about the roughly every other month. In these same thing with the result that they magazines, incidentally, most of the hitched up with them Kentuckians advertising pages are heavy with for a very special campaign. pictures of products, and the moun It was directed at commercial taineers were so unusual and attrac vehicle operators, who account for tive an addition to the usual make somewhere between 15 and 20 per up that they stood out like an oasis cent of the total gasoline purchases in the desert. That, in the main, is in the country. This is a market not why they were used--for attraction to be overlooked. It is also a market value. which requires special handling, In each case, however, very little because the buyer of gasoline for copy was devoted to the boys. The trucks, etc., has to keep costs down swing-in into the commercial text to a minimum and performance up came early in the first paragraphs, to a maximum or go out of business. leaving the cartoons and captions With these considerations in pretty much to do the work of liven mind, Ethyl's advertising men de ing the advertisements by them cided to do an educational job on selves. the vehicle operators, acquainting On the pages, cartoons came first, them with the salient facts on gaso a caption in dialect second and then line containing tetraethyl lead. Six the educational sales material. At advertisements were to cover the the bottom was a simplified presen subject of "What is good gasoline." tation of "four rules for good gaso But that looked like a rather formid line," explaining with diagrams what is the meaning of volatility, vapor pressure, gum content and anti-knock value. As an example of what the adver tisements are like, take the one on volatility. It shows Zeke being blown through the roof of his still and landing in a rather unsophisti cated pose on the limb of a tree; "Reckon I put tew much volatility in thet batch!" he says, while two of his cousins look on in mild surprise. Paragraph one, below this reads: "There's nothing as dramatic as an exploding moonshine still to tell you that the gasoline you use in your trucks and buses is too volatile or not volatile enough. There is plenty of practical evidence in the way those trucks and buses run." And paragraph two goes on with the technicalities: "When gasoline does not have enough volatile frac tions or light ends, it shows up in slow starting and repeated choking, resulting in crank-case oil dilution and poor mileage.... "When gasoline has too many highly volatile fractions, it causes vapor lock and poor mileage, the latter due to excessive evaporation from gas tank and carburetor. ..." Notice that the copy ties-in with the truck and bus business at the earliest opportunity. The text ends with the suggestion that anyone de siring further information on the subject get in touch with Ethyl Gas oline Corporation in New York. To those who write in, the company sends one of their sales promotion engineers who are kept in the field all the time. They are competent to discuss all the technicalities on gaso line in terms of the particular prob lem of whoever inquires and through the service which they offer spread considerable good-will for Ethyl. There is really nothing more to say about Ethyl's unusual bus and truck campaign. A definite market, something to say to it, and a snappy way of saying it; that's all there is to the story. That is, except for the fact that it took some dem good brains to realize that Zeke and the boys were capable of explaining the tech nicalities of good gasoline, and also some dem good advertising sense to have them offer it effectively. ETH\'L JTJEWS [4] ETC 22424 Short wave equipment of WCHS radio stations Mobile unit which visited Ethyl Clinic in Charleston. West Virginia Network Puts Ethyl Clinic on the Air reparatory to the arrival in PCharleston, of Ethyl's Dayton Division Clinic, Mr. Hamilton B. Greenup, the Corporation's West Virginia representative contacted Mr. Nicholas Pagliara, who is pro gram director of the local radio sta tion WCHS. One of the features of this station is the "Roving Caravan" which broadcasts interesting hap penings from their mobile units. Mr. Pagliara attended the Preview showing of the Clinic and was so impressed with the educational val ue of the program that he requested a special showing for a half hour broadcast over the "Roving Cara van" hook-up. On the evening of May 6 Mr. Pag liara arrived with his announcer and short wave equipment. At 7:30 the Clinic went on the air when the reg ular announcer introduced Clinic Manager William A. Newman to the radio audience and he in turn, intro duced Mr. Greenup. It was ex plained that the Clinic had been brought to Charleston to work with the petroleum and automotive in dustries regarding the relationship of good gasoline to correct motor tune-up. Afterwards various mem bers of the Clinic staff were pre sented and each in turn explained his particular work and invited those interested to stop at the Clinic dur ing its stay in Charleston. Following these formalities, Mr. Newman took the microphone and spent the next 28 minutes going through the usual program including the knock testing engine, bomb demonstration and a complete car demonstration. This broadcast went over the West Vir ginia network which, in addition to the local station WCHS, includes WPAR at Parkersburg and WBLK in Clarksburg. The listening audi ence to the "Roving Caravan" hour is estimated at approximately 300,000. When the broadcast started there was practically no one in the audi torium as it was not a scheduled showing, but at the close, 42 minutes later, almost 100 people had parked their cars outside and had come in to view the performance. Inquiry brought out the fact that these peo ple had been driving in and about the city and hearing the beginning of the broadcast on their car radios, became interested enough to drop in. It was further reported that the knock came over the air very clearly as did the sound of the car engine speeding up and the elimination of the knock when the change to Ethyl Gasoline was made. The radio station has since ad vised us that they have received nu merous communications congratu lating them on putting on such in teresting programs and requesting that they broadcast more of this educational type. Announcer of the "Roving Caravan" questions Clinic Manager William A. Newman who describes the purpose of the Ethyl Motor Clinic to West Virginia audience of over 300,000. JTI7.VJ3 IBS8 rsi ETC 22425 Line after line of 1939 cars awaiting shipment by lake steamer from Detroit to Cleveland and Buffalo Thousands of New Cars Take Water Route from Detroit JUST as soon as navigation opens on the Great Lakes in the Spring, passenger vessels carry large num bers of tourists' private automobiles. big steamers are called into service These tourists save themselves the to help carry away shipments of new long drive between Detroit and automobiles from the port of De Cleveland or Detroit and Buffalo troit. This is the time of year when while enjoying the relaxation and thousands of car buyers all over the comfort of the water voyage. They country are expecting deliveries on arrive at their port of destination re their new cars. Production is at its freshed and ready to go on their heaviest. The big cargo steamers way, a very moderate charge being and even the passenger vessels of made to transport their cars. the Detroit and Cleveland Naviga The big steamships designed as tion Company lines are called into service to transport millions upon millions of dollars worth of auto mobiles from Detroit to Cleveland and Buffalo. The handling of the great ship ments of new.cars during the naviga tion season has become a very im portant link in the chain of distribu tion. Big car carriers, vessels de signed particularly for the purpose, make daily trips and many addi tional cars are loaded on the pas senger vessels which the D & C fines operate daily. Besides these new cars shipped by the factories, the car carriers will take several hun dred cars on their spacious decks. The S.S. Morris S. Tremaine, oper ated by the D & C lines is shown in one of the illustrations on this page, loaded with 410 cars. It has four decks which can be used for the purpose. During the busy season this vessel is in almost continual operation plying between the lake ports. From the piers one gazes over acres and acres of car roofs during the heavy production periods in the industry. It would seem almost im possible to load the cars on the ves sels fast enough to take them away. The scenes at loading time are fas cinating. The skill with which the loaders drive these cars into position with never a bit of paint marred, is almost beyond belief. Automobile dealers welcome the arrival of their cars by boat. They get fast delivery and that in turn pleases their customers. During the summer the D & C lines have twelve sailings per week from Detroit to Buffalo and twelve from Detroit to Cleveland. Warehouse space for the cars is maintained at Detroit, Cleve land and Buffalo. In the Spring when the busy sea son is fully under way at the facto ries it very often happens that the Continued on Page 12 Completing the loading of the S.S. Morris S. Tremaine which was designed as a car-carrier for the Detroit if Cleveland Navigation Co. ETC 22426 Standard Oil at Motor Clinic, Jackson, Miss. WO hundred and fifty repre Tennent, Ethyl's local representative. Tsentatives of Standard Oil Co. Mr. Tennent then introduced Clinic of Kentucky attended the EthyMl anager S. T. Pruitt who conducted Gasoline Corporation's Atlanta Di the evening's demonstration. Mr. vision Motor Clinic at Jackson, Dodson spared no words in describ Miss., during the Clinic's stay in that ing what a fine job the Motor Clinic city. The group included many offi was doing in Mississippi and went cials, salesmen, agents, dealers and on further to say, "This meeting is customers from thirty-one towns in being sponsored by Standard Oil be the State. Mr. R. B. Dodson, District cause they feel there is a great need Manager for the area, opened the for a better understanding on the meeting by introducing Mr. T. H. part of service men, between good fuel and good motor performance." After the audience was seated and the meeting about to start the ac companying photograph was taken. Standing from left to right on the platform with Mr. Tennent are offi cials of the Standard Oil of Ken tucky. They are: Messrs. R. B. Dod son, Mississippi District Manager; M. H. Utley, Assistant District Man ager; T. A. Darden, City Manager; and T. H. Tennent. Thirty Years Old--And Still Running! OR more than thirty years, while Fthe world has watched the mo tor car graduate from an experiment to a necessity, the little Cadillac shown at the right in the accom panying picture has been chugging noisily through the streets of the village of Stoufitville, northeast of Toronto. With its single cylinder, its steel tires, its exposed chain drive, its lofty buggy seats and coal-oil lamps, this shadow from the auto motive past is believed by its present owner, Harry Burgess, and by Cad illac engineers, to have been built between 1903 and 1908. In this pic ture, Burgess (at wheel) is seen proudly displaying the relic to J. R. Beattie, President of Toronto Cadil lac Pontiac Sales Limited, who dis covered it while passing through Stouffville in his 1938 Cadillac "60 Special." J VA'JB 1939 l?) ETC 22427 The Story of the Funk Farms and Hybrid Corn other factors. What many do not know is that it is not a "mushroom" affair, for Mr. Eugene Funk, now President of the company, inbred com as early as 1902. In 1916 Funk Bros. Seed Co. shipped their first orders of FUNK'S HYBRID CORN and although only a limited supply was available it was a start. To produce this com, much care in production operations must be taken, and the finest machinery used. Inbreeding, whereby the plant's silks are fertilized by the pol len from its own tassel, is the begin ning of the process. This breaks the com variety into its many pure breeding lines. Inbreeding requires that the silks be protected from stray pollination by the use of a Mr. E. D. Funk, President of Funk Bros. Seed Co., Inc., of Bloomington, Illinois. covering bag; a similar bag is used over the tassel to collect the pollen. The pollen is then showered over the silks. This is called "selfing." YOUNG man standing in front Thus, the good and poor charac- A of his rude cabin built of poles tertistics are separated. Inbreds are and clapboards; on one side of himnot of any value to a com grower the primeval forests--on the other, because of their relatively low yield the trackless prairie. He was without --their value is in transmitting their money and in debt; without school better performance characteristics ing; the owner of two or three to the ultimate hybrid. horses, a cow, an axe, and meager Selecting only the hardy, higher- equipment consisting of the rudest yielding plants, the com breeder of agricultural implements. This was then continues inbreeding for from the picture of Isaac Funk, father and grandfather of the founders of the Funk Brothers Seed Company of Bloomington, 111., now one of the largest producers of Hybrid Seed Corn in the country. Just about every farmer and a sizeable proportion of city folks as well, knows of hybrid com. It has been called "the greatest boon to agriculture since the invention of the steel-bottom plow." They know what can be expected of it; bigger yields and resistance to adverse growing conditions, better uniform ity of stand and quality of grain, greater ease of husking and many Dr. J. R. Holbert, Vice President of Funk Bros, shows results of inbreeding. The tall inbred and the dwarf are from the same parent ear. The dwarf will be discarded, the larger plant further improved. five to eight years, until his inbred strains are relatively free from visi bly inferior qualities. Now a "single cross" is made by crossing two entirely unrelated inbred strains. Since only one strain is to be used as a seed producer, and To produce this hybrid seed corn, much care must be taken. Covering bags are used on both the tassel and silks. By inbreeding, attained through fertilizing the silks by the pollen from their own tassels, the process is begun. ETHYL JVEn'S f81 ETC 22428 On this high compression tractor is mounted a corn picker, pulling behind a farm wagon. Corn picking operations are on a production basis with a minimum of labor. the other as a pollinator, all tassels are removed from the ear-parent inbred. The detasseled strain becomes the female parent, the silks on this strain being fertilized by pollen from the tassels of the other unre lated strain. Next, two single crosses are com bined to make a double cross. In commercial hybrid production, this is accomplished by detasseling the female parent rows to assure that the male parent pollen will come from one strain only. At Funk Farms, the ratio is 6-2; that is, for every six de tasseled rows, there are two pollina tor rows. The detasseled rows are of one single cross strain; the pollinator rows, the other. Thus, the heredity of the hybrid produced is controlled. For the re sulting seed is the hybrid com that the farmer plants. It's a real treat to visit Funk Farms when detasseling is in full swing. Tassels must be pulled at exactly the right time, and a warm summer rain means a big day's work. Funk em ployed 800 men last year for detas seling alone. Hybrid com production requires the finest, yet the most economically operated machinery. Tractor power, which is the base unit of motive power for the farm operations, has been constantly improved and de veloped. High compression has played its part in that this company is now operating a fleet of ten high com pression tractors which are all ser- viced and maintained in their own shops. With the development of special farm equipment now operating on these farms, the modem high com pression tractors, which are using better grades of gasoline, have fully proven their advantages, not only in economy of operation, but also in the flexible and full development of power. Ketteringisms Samples of inbreds. These unimpres sive "nubbins" are the base for bigger yields and better quality corn. Through controlled heredity, yields are increased from 15 to 30%. We should all be concerned about the future because we will have to spend the rest of our lives there. 04 0 Research is an organized method for keeping you reasonably dissatisfied with what you have. OO An experiment that fails is simply an experiment in which you were wrong. eeo A research problem is not solved by apparatus; it is solved in a man's head. No problem looks difficult when you start it. OOO An experiment is an impartial judge of your thinking. eeo It is not what we know that is so im portant. it is what we do not know. OOO A problem is only difficult when you don't know anything about it. 40 0 If you are satisfied with what you have, you stay where you are. JTVJS'E 198 9 [9] ETC 22429 Vancouver Pioneers in Plan to Curb Highway Death Toll FIRST in all Canada, British Co Wismer, K.C., and a tribute to the lumbia steps into the forefront personnel of the provincial and city of motor accident control with thepolice. It places Vancouver and new and scientifically appointed British Columbia in first place in the Police Motor Vehicle Office and universal drive to curb highway ac Testing Station. The combination of cidents. It will attempt to stop acci drivers' tests, mechanical inspection dents before they occur. and issuance of licenses in die one The mechanical testing is under building, it is believed, provides a the supervision of City Police In public service unequalled elsewhere spector John Murdoch, who has as on the continent. Although similar sisting him a trained crew of opera police inspection has been under tors carefully selected for their cour taken in various locations in the tesy and efficiency. In fact, courtesy United States, we know of no in has been emphasized throughout stance where such complete service the organization and is apparent in is available. all relations between officers and the In the new and imposing $170,000 two-story concrete structure is em bodied all that science and skill of man can contribute to make driving safer. The conception is a monu The complete plant housing (left), the Motor Vehicle Inspection Station (right), the Provincial Government Building where Drivers' Licenses, Mo tor Vehicle Licenses are issued and ment to Attorney-General Gordon S. where Drivers' Tests are made. The executives, examiners and stenog raphers under whose direction the Vehicle Testing Station is operated. Inspector Murdoch is seated in the center. At right, three representatives of the Bear Manufacturing Company. driving public. Each member of the staff has been impressed with the fact that upon him depends the suc cess of the whole venture in the drive on highway accidents. The mechanical inspection of cars, for which a fee of 50 cents is charged, calls for one original in spection and two subsequent check ups. If a car fails to pass the original test, the driver is requested to have the defects remedied and submit the car for re-examination. Inspections begin with a routine check of driver's license and the ETC 22430 data on the make and serial number of the car. Next the headlights are tested for luminosity, co-ordination and angle beam. From there the car is taken on a Scuff Detector that records the alignment of wheels. Then a quick-acting hydraulic lift picks up the front end of the car to disclose the condition of wheel bear ings, tie rods, muffler, tires and steer ing mechanism. Final check is on a Brake Tester, which registers accu rately the number of pounds of brake pressure per wheel. Inspection cards are printed in duplicate; each operation is marked on the card and the result of each test punched by the examiner, one copy being given to the driver and one retained by the Police Depart ment. Complete Motor Vehicle In spection is demanded twice a year. A very attractive numbered window transfer has been prepared which is attached to the lower right-hand comer of the windshield when the vehicle has been passed as O.K. and this is good for six months from the date of inspection. It is interesting to note that on account of the very large number of narrow gauge English cars in opera tion in British Columbia, it was nec essary to specially design the Scuff Detectors and Hydraulic Brake Testers to permit the accurate check of these English vehicles. The engi neering in connection with this spe cial equipment was accomplished with the co-operation of the Bear Manufacturing Co. of Rock Island, Illinois, in conjunction with G. S. Armstrong and C. G. Smith, the British Columbia representatives for Bear, under the direct supervision of the Engineering Department of the City of Vancouver. An interesting photograph showing Vancouver's newest modern piece of Fire Fighting Apparatus being tested on the Brake Tester at City's Motor Vehicle Inspection Station. Hon. Gordon S. Wismer, K.C., Attorney-General of British Colum bia, describes in the following words the reason for, and the neces sity of, establishing the Motor Ve hicle Inspection Service. He says: "Dead men DO tell tales--and never more poignantly and brutally than when death has struck suddenly in an automobile accident. To an imag inative eye, the twisted metal, the shattered glass, the tortured frame of a wrecked automobile tell a graphic story of human bodies hor ribly mutilated and not the least tragic part of the story is the load of sorrow and grief it thrusts upon rela tives and friends. Adding bitterness to the cup is the reflection that these things need not happen--should not happen. The realization that so many tragic accidents result from avoidable causes spurred the Pro vincial Government to action--and so it was that the Testing Plant came into being." But, Stop Speeding! Stop Cutting In! Stop Passing on Hills! Stop Tak ing Chances! Motor Inspection can not control this. It is up to you, Mr. Driver. Interior view of Motor Vehicle Inspection Station showing three lanes in operation-passenger cars on left and truck lane on extreme right. JTVjyJE 10S9 [ II ] ETC 22431 Thousands ofNew Cars Take Water Route from Detroit (Continued from page 6) ice is not entirely out at the Buffalo end of Lake Erie. In this case the boats deliver the cars to Cleveland, Ohio and Erie, Pa. The deliveries are made either direct to the dealer or to the trucking companies. The automobiles are completely insured from the time they are received un til delivered to the dealer or the trucking company. The Detroit and Cleveland Navigation Company is justifiably proud of its fine record in the handling of automobile ship ments both for the trade and the tourist. The line was established in 1868, long before automobile ship ments were dreamed of, and the changes made in the design of boats during the past 30 years have been in many ways influenced by the fact that today they must be ideally adapted to the handling of motor cars. Each year more and more cars are delivered by dealers to their cus tomers, with Ethyl in the tank. The dealer, realizing the superior per formance of a car with a high anti knock fuel is thus assured of satis fied customers. NotedTenor Guest at PreviewDinnermKansasCity The guests were welcomed by Mr. Harold Berg, Ethyl's Kansas City Division Manager and by other members of the Division. In his talk Mr. Taylor described the aims and objectives of the motor Clinic pro gram in general. A feature of the dinner was the unexpected entertainment volun teered by Mr. Melton who sang sev eral songs which were most enthusi astically received. Mr. Melton ap peared at the dinner as a guest of Mr. Elmer Cooper, President of the Chanute Refining Co. Among others present were prominent executives of the Bamsdall Oil Refineries, Inc.; Chanute Refining Co.; Cities Serv ice Oil Co.; Continental Oil Co.; NE of the highlights of Ethyl's O Motor Clinic opening in Kan Great Lakes Pipe Line Co.; MidContinent Petroleum Co.; National sas City, Mo., on the evening of MayRefining Co.; Phillips Petroleum 2nd, was the attendance of Mr. Co.; Sinclair Refining Co.; Skelly Oil James Melton, the well known radio Co.; Socony-Vacuum Oil Co.; White and opera singer who will be one of Eagle Division, and the Standard the new stars on the Gulf Headliners Oil Co. (Indiana). program over the Columbia network Following the dinner, the Clinic Sunday evenings. This Preview Preview was held before an audi marked the beginning of a ten ence of approximately 400 repre weeks' showing of Clinic No. 10, at sentatives of the automobile and tached to the Corporation's Kansas petroleum industries. Mr. Ralph De- City Division. Motte, President of the Kansas City Before the Preview Mr. J. Coard Chamber of Commerce, opened the Taylor, Vice President of the Ethyl meeting by welcoming the Clinic to Gasoline Corporation, was speaker Kansas City and introduced Mr. at a dinner in the Muehlebach Hotel Carl M. Berry, Clinic Manager, who for officials of many of the leading conducted the remainder of the oil companies marketing in the area. program. This tablet to the memory of Fred erick Thamann has been placed in the library of the Kettering Labora tory of Applied Physiology in the College of Medicine of the Univer sity of Cincinnati. For Thamann's associates the tablet bears tribute to his patience and his care; and for all men, testimony of the respect and affection in which he was held. Highway is Foundation of Nation's Social Order 'V~\UR modem highway system is vJ the foundation upon which our complicated social order rests," de clared Louis J. Taber, Master of the National Grange, in a recent address on transportation. "Let it not be forgotten that every ton of freight, that every passenger, that every piece of mail that moves over railways, airways, or water ways, must some where be moved by an automobile or truck, he said. Not a pound of produce leaves the farm and comes to the city without first moving over the highway. Not a piece of mail gets from the Post Office to the citizen without the highways or the streets of the Na tion getting into the picture." He pointed out that in the vast high way development that has made it possible for one person out of every five to make use of his own car, "the automobile and the truck user, through license fees, through state and federal gas and oil taxes and other taxation methods pay their full share of highway costs." The only demand this group makes is that there be "no taxation to equal ize transportation costs between types of carriers and, equally impor tant, that there shall be no diversion of highway funds to other purposes." jBTi/rx, jrjEws l 12] ETC 22432 Ethyl Motor Clinic Itinerary ..... . Clinic Number 1 E. L. Cline, Manager 2 L. A. Dollahan, Manager 3 W. A. Newman, Manager 4 M. P. Murdock, Manager 3 H. E. Cottrell, Manager 6 E. Lowell Mason, Manager 7 M. Littlefield, Manager 8 R. J. Coveney, Manager 9 C. Fred Naylor, Manager lO Carl M. Berry, Manager 11 S. T. Pruitt, Jr., Manager Division Present Location Remains Approx. Pacific Coast 977 W. 6th Street Los Angeles Chicago 149 E. Jefferson Street Joliet, 111. 6/17 Dayton 312 Dickinson Street Charleston, W. Va. 6/16 New York 364 State Street Elmira, N. Y. 7/21 Tulsa 1819 Travis Street Houston, Texas 7/1 Baltimore Hotel Roanoke Garage Roanoke, Va. 7/15 New York 1119 Atlantic Avenue Brooklyn, N. Y. 8/6 Boston 2226 Fairfield Avenue Bridgeport, Conn. 7/1 Chicago 400 Janes Street Saginaw, Mich. 6/17 Kansas City 1735 McGee Trafficway Kansas City, Mo. 7/15 Atlanta 412 Bibb Street Montgomery, Ala. 6/23 Next Location Opens Approx. Permanently Rockford, 111. 704 8th Avenue Huntington, W. Va. 6/22 6/22 Syracuse, N. Y. Beaumont, Tex. 7/28 7/7 Asheville, N. C. 7/21 Atlantic City, N. J. 8/14 Waterbury, Conn. 7/6 Pontiac, Mich. Undetermined 6/22 Columbus, Ga. 6/26 -------------- jrvjyjE iso |j 1 ^ jf A 1 1. i ETC 22433 | ; fl New Ethyl Gasoline Corporation Personnel at Judson T. Biehle was em ployed by Ethyl January, 1938, at Deepwater and transferred to Baton Rouge for work in the ELA plant in August, 1938. Clinton W. Bond came to Ethyl March 1, 1939, from the Standard Oil Company of Louisiana, where he was em ployed as a chemical engineer in 1931. Joseph P. Carswell was em ployed as a chemist at the ELA plant on July 1, 1938. He was formerly employed as chemist by Hanson-Van Winkle-Munning Co. Randolph S. Charlton was employed by Ethyl March 1, 1939, prior to which time he had been employed by Stand ard Oil Co. of Louisiana for thirteen years. Roy N. Clothier joined the Ethyl ranks February 1,1939, coming from Alco Products, Inc., for whom he supervised construction of part of the ELA ethyl chloride plant. Joseph H. Fulmer, before coming to Ethyl in October, 1938, was employed by the Sharpies Solvent Corp., Great Lakes Steel Co., and Acheson Colloids Corp. William J. Henry was in charge of construction of the ELA plant for Standard Oil Co. of Louisiana, by whom he was employed until he came to Ethyl March 1, 1939. Sylvester -A. Lecroy was for five years before coming to Ethyl on March 1, 1939, employed as chemist by the Standard Oil Co. ofLouisiana, Berlin E. Perkins, Jr., came to Ethyl April 1, 1939, from Standard Oil Co. of Louisi ana, where he was employed since graduating from Louisi ana State University. Lloyd L. Scott was em ployed by Standard of Indi ana and by Pan-American Petroleum and Transport Co. at Aruba, N.W.I. He joined Ethyl March, 1939. Wilford H. Thomas was employed May 8, 1939, as chemist, receiving his B.A. degree in 1936 and M.Sc. in 1938 from Ohio State Univer sity. Marcel J. Voorhies, Jr., came to Ethyl February 1, 1939, from Standard Oil Co. of Louisiana where he was employed as a chemical engi neer. ETitVX, JVETTS I '4 1 ETC 22434 Baton Rouge ELA Plant MAINTENANCE Since midsummer of 1938 seventy-one men have been added to the Ethyl personnel in connection with the operation of the Ethyl chloride units of the Baton Rouge Manufacturing plant. These men are shown here and on following page. On the left those in a supervisory capacity and on the right and on the next page others in the plant in their various groups. Left to Right: Zachariah, Brookshier, F. Smith, Bourgeois, Neal, Williams, Fagot, Day ELA OPERATORS Left to Right: Shirlev, Sanders, Auter, Poche, F. Bunch, Jacobs, Holcombe, Walton Left to Rights Golson, Daniel, Mehaffey, Myers, Harris, Breeden, Forgey, Bilbo jrujvi: i9s f 5 1 J. R. Black King L. Davis Noland Curry ETC 22435 NEWSBRIEFS On Saturday, June 10th at 12 o'clock noon, Janet Faulds Wood and Louis Cancro were mar ried in the Com munity Methodist Church, Roselle Park, N. J. They sailed immediate ly after the Re ception for Nas- __________ sau. Janet, who has been a member of the Ethvl family since 1931, is Secretary to Waft Resler, Manager of the Statistical Department. In June, 1935, she broke into print when she received her Master's De gree at New York University. We offer the young bride and groom our wannest congratulations and best wishes for their happiness. Mr. and Mrs. E. G. Staebler of Ann Ar bor, Michigan, have announced the en gagement of their daughter, Doris, to Elmer F. Mahlke, son of Mr. and Mrs. O. L. Mahlke of Montgomery Ave. The wedding will take place on July 1st and after July 10th the couple will live in San Bernardino, California, where Mr. Mahlke is employed in the Ethyl Gasoline Testing Laboratory. Both are graduates of Ann Arbor High School and of the University. Miss Staeb ler, who was graduated in 1937, has been teaching physical education since then in the public schools of St. Johns. Mr. Mahlke received his bachelor's degree in 1933 and his master's degree in 1935. * Grant Penrose, son of our Grand Rap ids representative, lost in a forest of tulips at the Hol land Tulip Festi val (May, 1939, "News"). Master Penrose was some what put out to find that he couldn't gather all the tulips his tiny hands would hold. Robert Gordon started his business career when he joined up with Ethyl last month. He was bom in Huntington, West Vir ginia. He attended the Brooklyn Technical High School for four years and the Madi son Business School. Bob has his own or chestra and specializes in "Music on the Sentimental Side." He plays the saxo phone, clarinet and violin. Incidentally, Ken Morse, who joined the Administration Department in January, is Drummer in Bob's orchestra. Nora Breshnan, a newcomer to the Pur chasing Section of the Administration De partment attended Notre Dame de Stambridge Boarding School in Canada, the Bristol High School and Morse College in Hartford, Conn. Before joining the Ethyl family Nora was with General Motors in their New Departure Division at Bristol. Her favorite forms of diversion are fencing and swimming. * We think we might start a "Heart Throb" column because we've got an excellent excuse. One of the girls in the New York office received a most appealing fan mail letter from an admirer wno saw her pic ture in a recent issue of the 'News." He's from Oklahoma but is thinking seriously of coming on for the New York World's Fair and who are we to prophesy what might happen. We'll keep you posted on any further developments but we don't think it's exactly "cricket" to tell you their names. Incidentally, we're under the im pression that this is the first "heart throb" this column is responsible for. Are we right? The following Service Awards have been made as of June 1st, 1939 15 YEARS Dr. Graham Edgar Administration Dr. Robert A. Kehoe Medical Advisor 10 YEARS Melvin L. Gould Detroit Gasoline Testing Hudson W. Kellogg Yonkers Gasoline Testing Harold McCauley Yonkers Laboratory Charles C. Mummert Detroit Engineering A. F. Wilt Detroit Sales 5 YEARS Rudy F. Williams Manufacturing This is a photo of Charley Welch who, with William J. Ryan, are Eth yl's two represen tatives with the General Motors Parade of Prog ress. Charley and Bill joined the Ca ravan early in the ____________________ year, replacing Fritz Mercer and Roy Musick who were on the assignment during 1938. The pic ture was snapped by Miles Kinley while Charley was giving a demonstration dur ing the Caravan's stop at LaPorte,' Indiana. At long last, on May 4th, 1939, Miss Deborah Weston made her official debut at Yonkers General Hospital. Her very proud Mother and Father are Mrs. and Mr. Russel B. Weston to whom we all ex tend our very hearty congratulations. We almost forget to mention two very impor tant things about "Debbie"--she weighed 7 lbs. 4 ozs. and arrived on the first birth day of the Dick Murphy twins. And thanks, "Pappy," for the seegars and candy, they were swell. Little Margaret C. Spaulding (she's only 5 ft. tall) joined Russ Wes ton's Jobber De partment on April 24th, 1939. After a temporary posi tion with Stand ard of New Jersey she went with the _ . Tide Water Asso ciated Oil Co. in Newark where she was employed prior to joining the Ethyl family. And while we're on the subject of Mar garet Spaulding we want to offer our best wishes and congratulations. On Saturday afternoon, June 10th she was married at her family's residence in Belleville, to Dr. Gilbert C. Freeman. They have taken an apartment on East 40th Street, a good two blocks from the Chrysler Building, which should reduce commuting to a minimum. We welcome to the Administration De partment, Shirley E. Morris, who joined the Ethyl family on April 24th. Shirley was bom in Rutland, Vermont, and grad uated from the Rutland High School. She took a two-year Secretarial Course at Co lumbia University and worked in the Archaeological Institute for a year and a half. I9SO [17] ETC 2243 7 > .1 ii }'{ nil `t ill ,I ! :j jJ II ; "Maw's agoin'ter wash thagum outa hit!" MAW, let us give you a tip right now. Save your soap and water and el bow grease. Once gum has done its dirty work in an engine, it takes more than soap and water to get it out. The onlypracticalway to keep an engine free from gum is to keep it out of the gasoline that goes into the engine. Even though you can't see gum in gasoline, you can check the specifications on gum content when you buy gasoline. The tentative specification of the Ameri can Society for Testing Materials (D43937T)* limits gum content to a maximum of seven milligrams of gum per 100 cubic centimeters of gasoline, just about four small drops per gallon. When you buy better grades of gasoline from a reputable oil refiner or marketer, you'll find other advantages besides low gum content--high anti-knock value, balanced volatility and the correct va por pressure to prevent vapor lock. If you have any questions on bus and truck fuels and their characteristics, write the Ethyl Gasoline Corporation, Chrysler Building, New York, N. Y., manufac turers of anti-knock fluids (containing tetraethyl lead) used by oil companies to improve gasolines. *A* determined by ASTM teat method D381. THIS MONDAY NIGHT . . . Tune in "Tune-Up Time" featuring Walter O'Keefe . . . Andre Kostelanetz* Orchestra . . . Kay Thompson Rhythm Singers . . . Columbia Broadcasting System, 7 P. M., E. S. T.; 6 P. M., C. S. T.; 9 P. M., M. S. T.; 8 P. M,, P. S. T. S j. i VOLATILITY should be balanced, for full power and beat economy. VAPOR PRESSUREshould be adjusted to meet op erating conditions. GUM CONTENT should not exceed H of a gram <4 small drops) pergallon. ANTI-KNOCK VALUE should be high, at least 68 octane number. THE BETTER THE GASOLINE THE BETTER THE PERFORMANCE ' ETC 22438 - I "Tolls" For Road Construction And V Maintenance Reach Huge Sum i THE motorist contributed more than a billion and a half dollars last year to build and maintain the country's highways and nearly three-fifths of the amount was collected in payments made at 380,000 "toll gates" along the road. These figures were announced in a recent issue of "Automobile Facts and Figures," the statistical annual of the Automobile Manufacturers Association. For each gallon of gasoline that was pumped into the tank of a passenger Ethyl Gasoline Corporation CHRYSLER BUILDING NEW YORK CITY W. CARY HARRIS Editor car or truck last year, an average of 4.96 cents was collected at the gas sta tion. The aggregate yield of $977,734,000 from Federal, State, County and Municipal gasoline taxes was equal to $33.20 for every motor vehicle regis tered at the end of the year. This means approximately $28.77 for every passenger car and $59.52 for each commercial unit. The gas tax "toll" is in addition to the license fees, Federal excise on 1 RUSSELL B. WESTON NORTHROP CLAREY, Jr. Associate Editors Correspondents J. A. Costello Atlanta equipment and other taxes which combined last year to make a total tax bill for the motorist of almost $1,530,000,000. On the basis of recent Government studies indicating averages of 8,850 miles a year for passenger cars and 10,100 miles a year for trucks, the gaso line taxes paid would represent a yield equivalent to tolls of 0.32 cents per mile of road use for passenger cars and 0.59 cents per miles for trucks. As regards trucks it may be interesting to note how rapidly their use by F. S. .Cronin B. R. Jones A. B. Wyrick Baltimore Boston Chicago railroads is increasing. American railroads are now operating nearly 63,800 motor trucks in terminal transfer, intercity haulage and store-door delivery services, according to the above mentioned survey. The railroads are also operating more than 5,200 buses on more than il- H. F. Dedo D. S. Flynn Carl Abell Dayton Kansas City Los Angeles - 50,000 route miles of highways and streets in branch line and terminal operations. On many routes which parallel the rails they run on schedules integrated with train times, giving more frequent service. - The new total of railroad operated trucks represents a twenty per cent R. L. Goltz J. N. Fitzgerald H. Kuhe New York Toronto Tulsa increase in highway haulage equipment during the past year. This figure, however, is in addition to the more than 10,000 trucks owned and operated by the Railway Express Agency in conjunction with the services of the railroads. R. K. Scales Engineering Dept. L. Barnum Mfg. Baton Rouge C. Wasserman Mfg. Deepwater Way freight and local passenger services are the fields in which the rail roads are expanding their motor vehicle operations most rapidly. Ten important western lines are especially active in carrying on this develop ment. J. C. Pope Gasoline Testing Dept. E. J. Nieser Administration Dept. In This Issue Hubert Fossett London THE MATERIAL IN THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRINTED PROVIDED DUE CREDIT IS GIVEN THE "ETHYL NEWS" OR ETHYL GASOLINE CORPORATION UNLESS IT IS A COPYRIGHTED ARTICLE Volume 6, Number 7, 8 Tolls for Road Construction First English Incorporated City This Month's Cover What's Over the Hill? Louisiana Free Automobile Mechanics School Tour Service DeLuxe Radio Supplements Clinic Program Modem Equipment Replaces Old at Pikes Peak Ford Announces New Tractor Germany Shifting from Alcohol A Clinic Moves Will As You Will Yankee Clipper ' Carlsbad Cavern Wings Over Elmira Service Awards Will Supervise New Chloride Div. Ethyl Motor Clinic Itinerary Newsbriefs For many years this little locomotive has forged its way up the famous Old Cog Railroad to the summit of Pikes Peak VA ETC 22441 "Old Gaol Museum" Built in 1675. Dungeon-Court Room and Sheriff's liv ing quarters are intact today. It con tains collection of firearms used by settlers and Indians. Nathaniel Haw thorne used records of this prison when he wrote The Scarlet Letter. First English Incorporated City of NewWorld Relives Past DURING the summer many visi nowhere in the United States are tors from the middle and far more points of historic interest to be west who are on the Atlantic seafound in a like area. board for the purpose of viewing the For one interested in such things World's Fair, may wish to get some an excellent opportunity is offered of that atmosphere of the early during the latter part of August Colonial days, which is peculiar to (20th and 21st) by a visit to old this section of the country. New Eng York Village, Maine, where one can land is especially rich in 17th and re-live the days of our forefathers. 18th Century tradition and probably With its ancient buildings and houses, its graveyard and bridge, this quaint spot adjoining York Har bor was in 1740, under the name of Georgiana, the first English city cor porate of the North American con tinent. Among the points of interest is Sewall's Bridge, built in 1761 by the great engineer and architect. Major Samuel Sewall, who won interna tional fame as the builder of this, the first pile bridge in America. It spans the Yorke River and was so advanced in its manner of construction that England and other old world coun The Rev. Walter H. Millinger, imper sonating his famous predecessor. Father Samuel Moody, preaches from the original script, that eminent divine's famous sermon "Ye Doleful State of ye Damned?. Portrait by Susan Ricker tries sent leading engineers of the time to the American Colony to view and study it. Although the original piling was cut down in 1849, in order to make the bridge safe for travel, the ends of the piles can still be seen Knox, well known New England at low tide. painter. The Old School House, built in 1745, is another landmark of interest to the antiquarian. It is believed that this school house is the oldest ex tant in America. For years it re mained an eyesore to die villagers and summer residents serving only as a shelter for hobos and tramps. Last year it was restored to its orig inal state and now houses dummy figures representing the school master and pupils. Here also, lovers of rare old books will find literary treasures. The Kings Prison, sometimes called Olde Yorke Gaol, built in 1657, is now a Museum and open to the public the year round. In it are found the old sheriffs quarters and Court Room with the dungeons and a collection of instruments of tor ture recognized in 1657 as disciplin arian necessities. The Meeting House with the original Sir Christo pher Wrenn steeple, is another land mark. During the celebration of "The Days of Our Forefathers," a number The Meeting House with original Sir Christopher Wrenn steeple. Here annu ally, Rev. Walter H. Millinger imper sonates the eminent Father Moody by preaching his famous sermon. E Til I'i A'E [2] ETC 22442 Built in 1745, the old School House is said to be the oldest school extant in North America. Handhewn planks se cured with wooden pegs ana, the clam shell plaster give evidence of its ancient origin. of private residences built in the seventeenth and eighteenth cen turies will be opened to visitors. Among the many interesting homes which contain rare treasures of por traits, silver, furniture and docu ments, including an invitation to the Coronation of King George III are the Frost Garrison, Sayward Barrell House, the Cutts House and Piggin House. The six hundred residents and visitors fortunate enough to attend the SABBY DAY services at the old Meeting House on Sunday morning Local Girl Scouts at grave of Lucy Moody, daughter of Father Samuel Moody who died at the age of fifteen 236 years ago. Adopted by local Girl Scout troops, they tend the grave regularly. when the eminent Father Moody (1698 to 1747) will return in the per son of the local Congregational Min ister to hold worship according to the custom of his time, will indeed relive the days of our forefathers. Worshippers will be drummed to church by a drummer boy. While "Father Moody" preaches his fam ous sermon "The Doleful State of the Damned," the tithing man will keep order and the Continental sol diers with muskets on shoulders will watch for possible attacks of Indians. The congregation may listen to the "shade" of this famous preacher ex pound upon the terror of Hell Fire and the Bottomless Pit and take part in the singing of the psalms and hymns with the use of a pitch pipe. One of the special features of the celebration will be Monday's fash- ion show, "Brides of Four Cen turies," to be held at the home of Mrs. Andrew Murray Williams. Descendants of the founders of York Village will model the wedding dresses of their ancestors represent ing the 17th to 20th century styles. Proceeds from the celebration are to be used by the Association for the Preservation of Historical Land marks, who are sponsoring the event, to establish a foundation for the pre servation of historic houses and pub lic buildings that future generations may have a visual record of the early history of our country. The committee in charge has ar ranged for ample parking facilities, for sleeping and eating accommoda tions and for guide and other ser vices visitors may desire. Nearby beaches and resorts offer recrea tional facilities. This Month's Cover Woodbridge Tavern, York, Maine. In 1770 John Adams, afterwards President, stopped frequently at the Tavern while traveling to Falmouth where he held court on the very edge of civilization. It was kept by one Paul Dudley Woodbridge, a very ardentWhig and the sign he hung outside of his inn was a portrait of William Pitt with the motto "Friend of Liberty." Sometimes he had out a sign "Only Friends of Liberty Need Apply." It was here that Mr. Adams discussed the Boston Massacre, which precipitated the war a few years later and because Adams argued for the British Captain Preston, who was in command of the troops who fired into the civilian crowd, Adams was accused of being a Tory. jruitY-tiirGUST imsm [3] ETC 22443 The local milkman's horse may he puzzled hy this new device which gives him a giraffe s-eye view, but automo bile drivers feel a lot safer when it's there. What's Over the Hill? The "TrafBscope" Gives Drivers a Clear View of Highway Conditions on the Far Side EVERY man since Adam has had test installation has been in actual a lively curiosity about what use on a highway near Minneapolis was going on over the next hill.for the past three or four years. An Often his life depended on how other, of improved design, was much he knew about it, or how far erected last winter on Route 230 he could see. The faster he learned southeast of Harrisburg, Pennsyl to travel the more vital it became for vania; and a third has recently gone him to see greater and greater dis up in Connecticut, about eight miles tances ahead and up to now, this south of Hartford, on Route 5, which meant that for safe visibility at mod is the main highway to New Haven. em automotive speeds he required The "Traffiscope" consists of a a fairly level straightaway. series of prisms assembled into a But motorists traveling on im single lens area about 13 feet long portant highways at top road-speeds by five feet high, and suspended may shortly have a clear view of above the highway by a steel bridge traffic conditions on the down side like structure placed at the crest of of certain hills long before their cars a "vertical curve" in the road. Ap approach the crest. proaching drivers receive the opti This is accomplished by a new cal effect of a flattening out of the and scientifically designed safety ap grade ahead, so that cars coming pliance known as a "Traffiscope." A from the other direction, stalled vehicles or other hazards show up on the far side, beyond the natural line of vision. Hillcrests have long been consid ered danger spots by highway and safety engineers, who today seek a minimum sight distance of 2,000 feet wherever possible in the construc tion of modem highways. Yet only 10 to 15 years ago the performance of the automobue was such that a sight distance of only 300 to 500 feet over a hilltop was conceded to be ample. With statistics to show that between 25 and 50 percent of aU highway accidents that might be eliminated by engineering occur near the crest of a hill, highway de partments have been faced witi> tbe colossal and costly task of regrading and resurfacing- hills on compara tively modem highways to bring them abreast of today s needs. For this problem the "Traffiscope" offers the first practical alternative, and at a construction cost claimed to be about that of a fully automatic four-way traffic-actuated set of Stop and Go lights. The new appliance operate* through the familiar optical prin ciple that a beam of light pairing through a prism is bent. The anglr between the line that the light w following and the new fine to vtucb it is bent is called the angle erf re fraction and this angle may be varied by changing the shape of the prism. To avoid the cost of moulding and grinding glass lenses. tl>r angmaj conception of the "Traffitcopr called for a single large prism. tW was formed bv two panes of plto glass set in a steel supporting ittw ture and filled, fishbowl fasham a non-freezing liquid Yisualh. idea worked. But after iwrih experiments under actual conditions at the Minnmrfa wto lation, it had to be dwnardrdjy cause no liquid was hw*"^** would not deposit a film op d* f** glass and so aim tl*e rrfirctrd my Delving further into of*w Pc*r r.Turt- Artur* Ml ETC 22444 Af night tail lights of a car going down the far side of the hill show up in true position as do on-coming headlights. ciples, the inventors found a way of arranging many small prisms above each other in a frame to form in effect a single large curved lens. In this form the "Traffiscope" has been perfected. For the usual installation designed for a four-lane highway, four banks of prisms are used. In each bank 17 prisms, each 40 inches long but only 4 inches high and an inch and a half thick at its base, are placed one above the other. The prisms are so ground that those at the bottom of the lens deflect the line of vision downward to a greater degree than do those at the top. By this method, the approaching driver's normal line of vision is de flected downward increasingly by each prism. Thus the image he sees ranges from the distant background at the top of the lens to the roadway just over the summit of the hill in the bottom part of the lens. The lower prisms are set to deflect the driver's vision downward so far that there is no "blind spot." As an on coming car approaches the summit, the image seen by the driver coming in the opposite direction travels to ward the bottom of the lens, finally disappearing a few seconds after the actual automobile has come into sight over the crest. At night the tail lights of the car going down the far side of the hill show up in true position, as do the headlights of oncoming cars. Yet no headlight glare is transmitted through the lens. A specially de signed hood protects the lens from rain, snow, sleet and moisture de posited by fog. A survey which has just been made of the Connecticut installation will provide data from which high way authorities can visualize the op portunities for reducing accidents caused by vertical curves. Analysis of the answers obtained from motor ists during the survey in question, indicates that the average driver's reaction to the "Traffiscope" in creases rapidly with frequent use. Forty percent of those interviewed had driven under it only once or twice. In answer to the question, "Is the `Traffiscope' confusing?" all but 6 percent answered in the negative. Of those stating that it was confus ing a majority indicated that though they were confused the first time they were becoming accustomed to it. One of the questions asked of each driver was whether he preferred the `Traffiscope" to the usual white guide line as a protection on hill tops. Of those seeing the device for the first time 79 percent expressed preference for the `Traffiscope." In the case of drivers familiar with it, 83 percent favored it and among the truck drivers 100 percent gave then- approval. (Continued on page 6) "Traffiscope's' protective hood is de signed to create a pocket of dead air in front of the prisiTis to avoid deposit of moisture. JTVLY-.I VG17ST 1989 [5] ETC 22445 tnj. Louisiana's Free Auto Mechanics School At present a number of highway commissions, public works depart ments, safety groups and insurance companies are continuing an inten sive study of the several installations now in operation. The above picture illustrates how line of vision is bent and thrown downward. These two men are sit ting side by side at the same desk yet the one on the left appears to be moved backwards. Actually the view through prisms is bent downward so that the camera's eye sees the floor directly in front of the stand on which it rests. This material courtesy of ``Shell Prog ress" and Mr. Harvey L. Williams of Greenwich, Conn. Four Ethyl executives from New York inspect General Motors Caravan in Detroit under the guidance of Ethyl's Parade of Progress representatives. In group reading from left are: R. L. Jordan; Vice President; Coard Taylor; Harry Kaley; Paul McEIroy; C. H. Welch and W. J. Ryan. FOR sixteen years Mr. E. G. Ludke, State Supervisor of Trade and Industrial Education, searched for a means of bringing a free educational program to the Automobile Me chanic. In January 1938 his idea took the first definite step when Mr. W. Mor ton Evans was named as his assistant to be in charge of a new Automotive Department. In turn, Mr. Evans em ployed an experienced mechanic and service manager as chief instructor. In less than one year the system was set up and three instructors from the ranks were employed and given special training. A room was secured in Baton Rouge for Tune-Up classes and one for Carburetor instruction in Alex andria. Later a third for Front End Alignment was made available in Baton Rouge. Only employed me chanics were enrolled for the twelve weeks course. The men were divided in five groups, one group for each night in the week, to take one of the three subjects offered. At the end of six months 242 men have received certificates on Motor Tune-Up, 330 on Carburetion and 70 on Front End Alignment. All of these men came from the areas surrounding Baton Rouge and Alexandria. Seventy-five per cent of those receiving certificates have had more than five years actual working experience and all of them average thirty years of age. As a regular part of the Tune-Up course, Ethylman W. G. Mundinger has given talks on carburetion and fuels to each group. In fact Mr. Mundinger has cooperated with Mr. Evans ever since the inception of the school. This work is set up to continue throughout the State and additional subjects will be covered as time goes on. The school is unique inasmuch as everyone connected with it has had practical experience. The under lying idea is to make not more but better mechanics. It is said to be the only free school of its kind in the country. JSTHFi JVETTS [6] ETC 22446 f A Tour Service DeLuxe THERE is probably no spot of equipment at the highest standard equal area in the United States thereby eliminating delays and in that has more to offer the sightseerconvenience. The management are than the Nation's capital and its en virons. However, much ground must be covered to in any way do it justice and for that reason the Clancy Motor Tours have established a service which has won for it an enviable reputation. Included in their five scheduled tours are all points of interest such as the stately government buildings, houses of foreign representatives, Arlington National Cemetery, Alex particularly careful that motors are kept in perfect mechanical condi tion, to be ready at a moment's notice for a trip of indefinite length for they will contract on an hour, trip, daily or mileage basis. Some time ago one of their cars left with a party to tour Virginia but the trip ended in New York City after cover ing 3,000 miles and many of the cars have made trips ranging from 500 andria, Washington's house at Mt. to 1,000 miles. Vernon, Annapolis, the capital of In addition to serving this high Units of the Clancy Tours fleet are always in readiness for trips which may cover as much as several thousand miles. Maryland and home of the U. S. Naval Academy and many other places of national and historical import. These tours are conducted by welltrained and courteous guides whose principal interest is to serve and please at all times. It is the aim of Clancy Motor Tours to provide per fect comfort for its patrons. In order to assure this they maintain their class sightseeing clientele, the com pany is frequently called upon to furnish extra cars for Presidential trips and various other tours of White House parties. It is interesting to note that the entire fleet is a 100% user of Ethyl Gasoline and the drivers are all in structed to purchase nothing but an Ethyl gasoline either on local calls or on trips away from Washington. Radio Supplements Clinic Program AS a part of their promotional ac^\_tivity in Montgomery, Alabama, the Ethyl Motor Clinic of'the Atlanta Division presented a series of three 15-minute radio broadcasts over one of the local stations, WSFA. These were arranged and presented by Mr. Fred Cody, Junior Engineer on the unit. The broadcasts themselves were both educational and promotional in scope. The subject matter traced the development of the oil and automo tive industries and concluded with a description of the Clinic and the benefits of the use of better fuel and tune-up. Before the presentation, a record ing was made of the operation of the demonstrator motor and this was used quite effectively to point out the effect of fuel too low in anti knock value. These programs were sold not only on the merits of their contents, but also because Clinic staff members were able to sell several parts houses, oil companies, automotive agencies and service stations on the idea of placing tune-up or gasoline spots on the air. A total of 42 such plugs were used while the Clinic was in Montgomery. The radio broadcasting was only part of an extensive tune-up cam paign run in Montgomery during the five weeks the Clinic was located there, since nearly every shop started a campaign in their own place of business and used not only die radio but newspapers as well. Shown above are Fred Cody, At lanta Div., junior engineer, and Bill Perdue, WSFA news-commentator during one of their fifteen minute broadcasts. JVL.'F-AUGUST 1989 [?] ETC 22447 Modern Equipment Replaces Old the tacrxd to* m+m %| ahead* kat tig Wtomk> power cwtfwt omI 0 tow mark thr La M af mm* agjl level outprf tmmfmm ***3 tmh we** rW-- became of kw rf tmm high aktedn ami toA < cakbra** aM when akteto mm* In .V th* fomt toe IIW Cngwitiw wamrf ' Mr Uurln tlM, of thr C ae|nWliin t ,, Dnyuaw WwT I* mmtmm |i4$J of 60 fa I v.rnjimma drt hrmh f>M 6e Matas Inn* mm ** toi? at Pikes Peak FOR almost half a century a trip road that first brought the fame of to the top of Pikes Peak has been Pikes Peak before the public. After included in the itinerary of visitorsmany years of faithful service the to Colorado Springs and tourists management of the line decided, from all over the world have gazed during the summer of 1938, to re upon the grandeur of the stupend place the little coal-burning loco ous panorama which is unfolded motives with new equipment and in from its summit. For many years keeping with the modem trend had now the Peak has gained additional a streamlined conveyance designed notoriety as the location for many and built. hill climbing contests. These events This new car is powered with have formed the basis for advertis G.M. 707 cubic inch gasoline engine ing the stamina of most of the auto which at sea level would normslh mobiles of the past at one time or develop about 175 horsepower. another. But it was the old cog rail However, at the 5,000 ft. level, where Them cimfn to paw# whom to < thr fimk to f: (flirt**** 'll etc 22448 tional changes involved: 1 Use of 6.75 compression ratio pis tons. 2 Installation of a different type of air cleaner and air intake system to insure a larger supply of cool air into the engine. 3 Installation of a special manual carburetor mixture control enab ling the operator to adjust air fuel ratio as he ascended. (This was supplied by Stromberg and is a copy of their aircraft mixture con trol adopted for the DDR5 car buretor. It is believed to be the only one of this type in existence on a commercial engine.) 4 Installation of a Cambridge In strument Company's aircraft air fuel mixture indicator to enable operator of the car to hold mix ture strength to maximum power throughout the climb. 5 Reworking of the distributors to give a more satisfactory spark ad vance for the extremely high com- pressioned heads. The installation of this equipment, during May of 1939, plus die use of 80 octane grades of Ethyl Gasoline, has made a tremendous improve ment. The passenger carrying capa city of the car is twenty-four, not including the conductor and opera tor. It consumes approximately 16 gallons of gasoline for each round trip, whereas the old steam driven equipment required a standard fourman railroad crew of engineer, fire man, brakeman and conductor. The engine used 2A tons of coal per trip. Thus the operating cost of this new vehicle is much less than that of the old equipment. The climb to the peak of the moun tain, which is 14,109 feet above sea level, requires about an hour and fifteen minutes to cover the 8'A miles. Grades vary anywhere from 8% to 25% with long stretches of 14 to 16% grade. The last few thousand feet to the summit is all 25% grade. In nego tiating such inclines, problems in braking came up that have been met very cleverly. All braking is done on the cog rather than on the wheels which guide the car along the track. Were this not so, the wheels would act like sled runners on ice if forced to hold the vehicle on the 25% grade. A standard locomotive air brake con trol is used but a small stream of water is directed against each brake Chassis of the new car showing the two transmissions in the drive line between the engine and the front axle. drum during the down hill descent. About thirty gallons of water is re- to cool the drum during this period. There are two transmissions in the drive line between the engine and the front axle which delivers the power transmission to the cog rack. With the present power output of the engine, only one of these trans missions is needed and possibly, at some later date, the second trans mission may be removed. It is esti mated that this engine with the 6.75 compression ratio now is capable of delivering sea level horsepower at the 5,000 foot level. During the recent tour of the United States by the Crown Prince of Norway, a stop was made by his caravan at Decorah, Iowa. The Scott Oil Company, Skelly jobbers, supplied the cars with Skelly Aromax Ethyl. Mr. Scott (at left) owner of the concern, with several of the caravan cars lined up for service at his station. [9] 1080 ETC 22449 If there is a small hoy around, he will insist on doing the plowing, because the steering and all the controls are ex tremely light and simple to operate. Ford Announces New Tractor Plans to Make Horse as Rare on Farms as on Roads ENRY FORD'S new tractor is now on the market. On June 29, he invited reporters, representa tives of farm magazines and agricul tural experts to witness a demon stration. The tractor was first shown in the process of construction on an assem bly line set up in the famous Ford "B" plant at River Rouge. Later, on the Ford estate at Dearborn, the fin ished tractor was put through its paces. The most unusual feature of the new tractor is the Ferguson auto matic depth control, for the manipu lation of implements. The control is actuated by a four cylinder hy draulic lift. A finger tip control lever located on the operator's right raises and lowers the implements. This unit is so powerful that four men standing on the plows may be easily lifted high into the air. The control lever can be set to a pre-determined depth and regardless of soil condi tions or uneven ground, will give a uniform depth of cut. A patented linkage for implements is largely responsible for the reduc tion in the weight of the tractor. The line of draught keeps the implement in even the hardest ground, and when an obstruction is met the addi tional load is automatically placed upon the front and rear wheels, thus making it possible to continue oper ation without shifting gears. The tractor, four-wheeled, is equipped with rubber tires. Front and rear sets can be extended or re tracted on the axles for various row crop widths. The motor is high com pression, designed exclusively for regular grade gasoline, and there are three forward speeds and re verse. Even before this machine was an nounced to the public, orders for many carloads had been received from dealers who had full confi dence in Mr. Ford's new develop ment. Messrs. George Krieger and Ed Downs, of the Ethyl Corpora tion, were' given the rare privilege of watching it demonstrated on the Ford estate only a few days after Mr. Ford himself had first seen it. This was a month before it was shown to members of the press. One of Mr. Ford's hopes is that his new tractor will enable farmers to escape from the laborious and uneconomical "upkeep" of horses and mules. Thomas Edison once said, "A horse is the poorest motor ever built. He eats 10 pounds of food for every hour he works. He eats 12,000 pounds of food a year--the output of 5 acres. His thermal effi ciency is but 2%." Nevertheless, oddly enough, there are still approxi mately 16 million horses and mules on American farms, as compared to a little over 1M million tractors. As a loyal and hardworking friend of man, the horse is a noble animal but when he is considered as an economic factor in the life on the farmer, he is a bad investment. Mr. Ford plans to demonstrate, through advertising, how unprofitable it is to farm with animals. Behind a horse, a man can plow only one furrow at a time. On a tractor he can plow twelve in the same length of time. Moreover a horse requires 750 cubic feet of bam area and with his feed, 3250 cubic feet. Mr. Ford has been keenly inter ested in farmers and their problems for many years and has done much to create industrial uses for farm products. Into his new tractor he has poured all of his hopes of easing the farmer's toil and this machine is so simple that it can be operated by a child. It is designed with the idea of making farming so attractive to the youth of America that they will have no desire to leave agriculture for work in cities. The operator levels the Ferguson unit plow and other implements by a small control lever. ETHYL, JVn*S ' [ IO ] ETC 22450 GermanyShifting fromAlcohol toEthyl FluidBlend /(Reprintfrom Oil & Gas Journal, May I tb.) THE uneconomic compulsory quate supplies of alcohol for motor admixture of ethyl alcohol to fuel purposes, the rate of admixture motor fuel in Germany is to be abano f ethyl alcohol was reduced. To doned. Facilities for blending tetra stretch the ethyl alcohol supply, ethyl lead with motor fuel are being methanol was increasingly called expanded in Germany and before upon as a required component of the the year is ended the partial relin alcohol admixture. Substitution of quishment of ethyl alcohol produc methanol for ethyl alcohol reduced tive capacity for nonfuel purposes the quality of motor fuel. During the will be completed. The plan for re fiscal year of 1937-38, Germany's organizing the existing system of compulsory admixture of alcohol in motor fuel is intended to be "defini tive" in character and to solve Ger many's alcohol-motor fuel problem by establishing stability in blending alcohol admixture requirements called for 2,392,400 hectoliters, or about 6,315,936 gallons. Of the 2,392,400 hectoliters of admixture re quired for the fiscal year 1937-38, a total of 1,594,900 hectoliters was requirements, according to the re ethyl alcohol and the remainder port from the American consul at Frankfort-on-Main distributed by the U. S. Bureau of Mines. Under the plan the German motor fuel market will be divided into two methanol. Germany's alcohol con sumption for all purposes during the same period totalled 4,056,800 hec toliters. The ethyl fluid, of a grade designated as "Q" suitable for auto major distributing districts, north and south of an imaginary line run ning east and west across the coun mobile fuel blending, will consist of 63.3 per cent of tetraethyl lead, 25.8 per cent of ethylene dibromide, 8.7 try from Bentschen to Bentheim. per cent of ethylene dichloride, and The northern distributing area ac small amounts of other ingredients. counts for about one-third and the The compound is manufactured ex southern area, including the former clusively by the concern Ethyl Austria, for about two-thirds of Ger G.m.b.H., with headquarters in Ber many's total motor fuel consump lin. One half of the capital of this tion. In the southern area the exist concern is controlled by the I. G. ing legal requirement of the blend ing of alcohol with all light motor fuel will be completely abolished Farbenindustrie A.G., of Frankforton-Main and the other half by Ethyl Gasoline Corporation. The company and will be replaced by the required will market its output to consumers admixture of tetraethyl lead as anti and distributors who have entered knock agent instead of alcohol. In the northern district the admixture of alcohol in light motor fuel will continue to be required, at least temporarily. into special contractual relations. The price of antiknock agent "Ethyl fluid" at present is 1.2 reichspfennigs ($0.0048) per cubic centi meter, f.o.b. works at Gapel-West- Reorganization of the motor fuel blending requirements will cause a sharp contraction in the German consumption of alcohol for motor fuel purposes, about two-thirds of the present levels. Originally de signed as a financial aid to distressed potato farmers by creating an arti ficial market for their excess potato crops at an inflated price, alcohol was established in 1930 as a legally required admixture with light motor fuel. The rate of admixture was orig inally fixed at only 2M%, but was pro gressively raised to 10%. With in creasing difficulty of procuring ade havelland. The' blending will be re stricted to a maximnum of 0.4 cc. per liter (1.5 cc. per U. S. gallon) of gasoline, or an amount sufficient to give the motor fuel an octane num ber of at least 74. Its incorporation in motor fuel will represent an in crease in cost of the latter of 0.48 reichspfennig per liter ($0,007 per U. S. gallon), equivalent to around one-third the cost of the existing re quirement of alcohol blending. It is understood that, despite differences in cost, retail prices of gasoline fuel in Germany will be unaffected by this shift from alcohol to ethyl fluid. Cooperative Research RESEARCH in the petroleum in dustry is carried on coopera tively, not only in various branches of the industry itself, but in many other fields. About $12,000,000 is spent annu ally for research by the American petroleum industry alone, with the results of investigation and experi ment generally made to the entire industry. Example is the discovery and development of the cracking process which started around 1920. Its rapid progress has been based largely on equipment developed from basic and improved patents. Refiiners have been encouraged by advertising and sales promotion to utilize these processes at uniform rates based on the quantity of ma terial treated. As a result of this system, small refiners are relieved of the burden of unending and costly research, at the same time obtaining a first-class consulting and advisory service with out the anxiety of being involved in expensive patent litigation. In effect, the system works as a cooperative enterprise, the benefits being shared by all users. Although ownership of the patent remains in the hands of the central research and licensing corporation, the bulk of the royalty payments is utilized for further re search. Without cracking, more than 2,000 million barrels of crude oil would have had to be produced to obtain the motor fuel needed in 1938. Disposal of other products, such as fuel oil, would have been almost im possible. The same plan is being carried out with equal success with other proc esses, such as catalytic cracking, the solvent refining of lubricating oils and the use of chemical inhibitors for the improvement of motor fuel. Many refiners are now building small polymerization units to con vert part of their waste refinery gases to high-octane motor fuel. These could never have been constructed were it not for the experience and profits derived from designing and installing large units. JVJLY-^lUGVST 1989 [n] ETC 22451 A CLINIC MOVES 1 Exterior of a typical Clinic building. A similar building has been selected in the next city, and it is time to pack up and move. a Nearing the close of the last meeting with all members of the staff ready to begin the task of dismantling the equipment when the audience leaves. 'yyHILE thousands of people have already visited Ethyl Motor Clinics in over one hun dred cities, few- realize that each of the eleven units has over twelve tons of expensive and delicate equipment which must be dismantled, packed, transported, and reassembled for each city. A Clinic will aver age about ten moves per year. The Clinics carry their own lights, seats, stages, wall cur tains, and other special appara tus. These were designed and built by Ethyl engineers not only to present the unusual shows but to permit an entire Clinic to be dismantled in one day. The Ethyl News takes you behind scenes for a glimpse of the problems which confront the five-man staff of a Clinic when moving day arrives. *'We wish to thank the Chicago Divi sion for the idea behind this presentation, and the Boston and New York Divisions for additional pictures. ETMMYE J\`E It'S [] ETC 22452 / i 10 Sensitive instruments require extra care in handling as well as packing. Sponge rubber cushions insure against shipping hazards. JULY-JMVGUST 1939 / [13] ETC 22453 12 Part of the equipment has reached the new building, and the second truck will bring its share of problems, and work for everyone, soon. 14 Meanwhile a-telephone with spe cial loud bell is installed. 16 After cases are stored, debris removed and an automobile tuned and in position on the stage, everything is in readiness for the first audience in the new location. ETHYL. [14] ETC 22454 WillAsYouWill-ButWillYou Should FEW like to think about death and lowing information may be helpful. yet it is something that everyone The laws in the various states dif must face at one time. This being so,fer as to certain requirements, as for one of our greatest obligations is to example the number of witnesses, see that our families are provided age of testator, validity of holo for to the best of our ability. One of graphic wills and the like, therefore the most necessary requirements in it is difficult to state a general rule. this respect is that final will and test However, it is his belief mat the form ament. Do you know how to draw outlined here constitutes a valid will up a simple will that will protect in substantially all of the states, with your heirs as you want them to be in the possible exception of Louisiana. the event of your sudden departure The provisions of the laws of that from this life? For many, the mere State respecting wills have unusual mention of a will gives rise to un and particular limitations as to dis pleasant thoughts--death, legal red position of estates, as well as certain tape and the like--and results in the specified formalities for the execu postponement of the task of prepar tion of three distinct types or classes ing one to the detriment of the heirs of wills. Consequently, it is sug who must bear the burden. gested that anyone domiciled in "But," you may say, "why should I Louisiana obtain advice before at draw a will, I am young and healthy." tempting to execute a will. Unfortunately, however, one of die The ordinary will, involving no most unpleasant phases of death is complicated bequests or devises, can its uncertainty and furthermore be put in simple language and drawn there are very practical reasons why in concise form. Generally speaking, one should make a will regardless of no particular words or expressions age or station. Not only is it logical are required and all that is necessary that one would wish to direct dis is that the will be properly executed position of his estate but practical and that the intent of the testator be economy dictates the need of it. clear. A hand-written or type-writ Should one die intestate the ceurt ten will complies with the require will appoint an administrator with ments, except for so-called holo the incurring costs, lawyers and ad graphic wills, still valid in many ministration fees, being deducted states. Such wills must be entirely in and the heirs may find little consola the hand-writing of the testator and tion in that portion of the estate re can be executed without certain for maining for their welfare. This is malities, including the presence and particularly true in cases of moder signatures of witnesses, but their ex ate estates. ecution should only be attempted in Contrary to popular conception, cases of emergency and when the the making of a will can be quite testator has definite knowledge that simple for the average man who's lis particular state of domicile recog estate is not extensive or involved. nizes wills of this nature. There is no rule or law which pre Whenever possible, it is advisable vents a person writing his own will to execute a will in the presence of and he may safely do so when his at least three witnesses to comply estate is small and he has no com with the requirements of certain plex disposition of his property in states, particularly when real prop mind. However, in any case where erty is involved. Care must be taken the estate is considerable and com to select witnesses who have no in plications of any nature are apt to be terest under the will and also who involved, the advice of a lawyer are apt to be available for the pro should be obtained. bate proceedings. Although legal counsel and ser ' The following form may be used vice is not always necessary, for the as a guide in the preparation of the sake of accuracy we have discussed ordinary will: the matter with a member of our Last Will of legal staff and believe that the fol- I,, being of sound mind, do make, publish and declare this my last Will, hereby revoking any and all wills and codicils here tofore made my me. 1. I direct that all my just debts, if any, be paid by my Executor out of my estate. 2. I hereby give, devise and be queath all property, real, personal and mixed, which I may own or be interested in at the time of my death, to my beloved wife, 3.1 hereby appoint as Executor (Executrix) of this Will and of my estate to serve without bond. In witness whereof, I have here unto set my hand and seal this day of, 19________________________ (Signature) Signed, published and declared by said testator, as his last Will, in the presence of each of us, who, at his request, and in his presence, and in the presence of each other, have hereunto subscribed our names as witnesses thisday of, 19_____ ^ Suggested Alternatives to Paragraph 2. 2. I hereby give, devise and be queath all property, real, personal and mixed, which I may own or be interested in at the time of my death, to my beloved children (names) share and share alike. 2. I hereby give, devise and be queath all property, real, personal and mixed, which I may own or be interested in at the time of my death, to my beloved son (daughter) --------------------, in fee simple. Any person of sound mind, over twenty-one years of age, may exe cute a will and in some of the states, including California and Connecti cut, over eighteen years of age. Cer tain other states, including New York and Rhode Island, fix die age at eighteen and over for bequests of personal property and twenty-one years for the disposition of real property. Generally speaking, a will dispos ing of personal property is governed by the law of the testator's domicile at the time of his death but this does not necessarily follow as it relates to a will disposing of real property. JUr.Y-JlVGVST 1989 [I5l ETC 22455 Yankee Clipper of'39 Recaptures Ocean Records WHEN the Yankee Clipper aboard her such notables of the swept out over the Atlantic on newspaper world as Amon Carter, its maiden trip, carrying a distiPnu blisher of the Fort Worth Star guished roster of newspaper pub Telegram; Roy W. Howard, Presi lishers as well as the first air mail dent of Scripps Howard News bound for Europe, she brought to a papers; Mrs. Odgen Reid, Vice Presi climax one of the most thrilling and dent of the New York Herald Tri significant chapters in the history of bune; Thomas H. Beck, President of our transportation. In barely more the Crowell Publishing Company; than a decade, America has risen John Cowles, President of the Min from a position as the least import neapolis Star; Paul Patterson, Presi ant commercial air power to an un dent of the Baltimore Sun; M. C. disputed leadership on the aerial Meigs, Publisher of the Chicago trade routes of the world and Pan Evening American; James A. Stahl- American's new Yankee Clipper is man, Publisher of the Nashville Ban the proud flagship of her air fleet. ner; James Furay, Vice President of This is the first of a fleet of six new the United Press Association and "super clippers" built by the Boeing officials of Pan American Airways. Aircraft Company for passenger ser One of the passengers was not on vice over the Atlantic and the Pa business but on an errand of mercy. cific and the first designed for At Guido Coen, an Italian formerly of lantic service. Florence and now in this country for On her initial trip there were the purpose of becoming a citizen, 4200 gallons of leaded 100-octane avia tion gasoline go aboard -- enough to carry the great bird 4275 miles. learned that his son was desperately ill in his native city with infantile paralysis. Special place on the flight was made for him so that he could reach the bedside of the boy who it was feared was dying. The Yankee Clipper and her two sister ships, the Dixie Clipper and the Atlantic Clipper, are the largest aircraft in the world, either military or commercial. They are double deck monoplane flying boats, all metal, equipped with auxiliary "sea wings" for lateral stability in choppy water. Their over-all length is 109 feet, their wing spread 152 feet. They stand 28 feet six inches high and fully loaded, each weighs over 41 tons. ETJUt'JL [ 16] ETC 22456 Power to lift this weight into the air and keep it flying at speeds be tween 150 and 190 miles an hour is supplied by four 1500 horsepower motors operating on 95 octane leaded aviation fuel. These four motors -- Wright "Cyclone" radial double row 14 cylinder air-cooled engines -- are mounted in wing nacelles, constructed to permit ser vicing while the plane is in flight. An idea of their power may be gained from the fact that each motor drives a propeller fourteen feet from tip to tip. Ihey will carry 5,000 pounds of cargo and 74 passengers, with sleep ing accommodations for 40. These ships are a far cry from the aircraft of a dozen years ago. Look ing back just twelve years to that morning of May 20th, 1927 when Col. Lindbergh flew out over the sea into a grey sky, we recall that he was heading toward a Europe where air transportation was already a highly developed science. A network of air lines carried passengers, mail and express -etween every important city. Already England, France, Ger many and Holland looked upon the transport aeroplane as an important new factor in international relations. Air lines were pushing southward into Africa, westward across Asia Minor toward India. Detached "ad vance guard" units had set up out posts of European air line interests in Asia, in South Africa, even in Latin America. In the United States by compari son, air transportation had hardly made a start. The most vital part of our present transcontinental air line network--between Chicago and New York--was still being operated by the United States Post OfBce and our domestic air lines were almost en tirely limited to transportation of air, mail. In the international field, the United States did not possess a single important air route beyond our borders. Almost over night Col. Lindbergh's flight to Paris awakened the American public to the possibili ties of aviation. The American aero nautical industry at last began to stride forward at a speed which was limited only by the progress of its engineers and its designers. Today our magnificent network of international air lines is the envy of all nations. From Nome at the Arctic Circle to Santiago, Chile; from Hong Kong to Marseilles, the house flags of American air lines give proof of a renewed American leadership in the trade routes of the world. To com pare records, all foreign nations to gether have flown less than half the four and a half million miles of ac tual ocean flying Pan American Air ways alone have logged in the Paci fic and in the Atlantic. For the first time in nearly a hun dred years the Yankee Clipper and her sister ships promise to restore to the United States leadership in world-wide transportation--a posi tion first established by hard headed Yankee skippers who drove their lean, lithe ships down the seas to China--and left in their bubbling wakes a record for a proud nation to recapture. The Yankee Clipper lifts herself from the water, like a great flying fish at the moment of takeoff JUL.Y-.tU GUST 1939 [I?] ETC 22457 Carlsbad Cavern ofNewMexico OF the many points of interest Interior made surveys and shortly that the Southwest offers for thereafter Carlsbad Cavern was the traveller, one of the most oudtesignated a National Monument by standing is the Carlsbad Cavern of the Government and finally a Na New Mexico. Located 25 miles tional Park. Now under the jurisdic southwest of the city of Carlsbad on tion of the National Park Service, the Highway No. 18, the Cavern is eas Cavern has been well lighted and ily accessible from the Transconti miles of easy, safe trails constructed. nental Highways. It maybe reached over U. S. Highways by the tourists who visit El Paso, Albuquerque, Santa Fe and other Texas and New Mexico points. The Cavern lies beneath the Guadalupe' (Wahd-ah-loop-eh) Mountains of Southeastern New Mexico and the entrance is at an elevation of 4,400 feet. Each year over 200,000 persons visit this, the largest cavern known to man. It is estimated that the Cavern was formed by water erosion and deposits some 60,000,000 years ago, and traces of human occupancy by the Basket Maker Indians date back 4,000 years. In the fall of 1901, Jim White, a cowboy, stumbled upon the original entrance and made, as far as is known, the first exploration of this underground fairyland. Twentytwo years later the U. S. Geological Survey and the Department of the Ice Chamber, showing fantastic forma tion of stalactites. Thomas Boles is superintendent of the Cavern and under his direction Government Forest Rangers act as guides in escorting visitors through it. Now let us join a party under the guidance of courteous Rangers and explore this Wonderland. On arriv ing at the Cavern entrance we find quite a party of sightseers already on hand, many of whom are admir ing the Cactus Gardens around the Government buildings while others make preparations for the start. Fi nally all gather at the head of the en trance to await the signal which comes promptly at ten-thirty. Most of the party carry light coats and wraps to wear underground as the temperature in the Cavern is 56 de grees the year round and outer covering is comfortable due to the extreme dampness encountered. Many also have on easy walking shoes, although the trails are so well constructed that no discomfort is ex perienced with ordinary footwear. In the party are people from all walks of life including the woman tourist who carries on a rapid fire conversation with her companions as she struggles along the trail, to The LUy Pads ETJHfi'E JVEWS [ *8 ] ETC 22458 the general annoyance of the rest of the party who wish to listen to the guide. As we go through the entrance double-file the Rangers regulate our speed so that no one will become tired from the two hour walk over the inclined trails and stairways. Frequent rest periods are taken, die first being at the "Bat Cave" shortly after going through the entrance. This spot where millions of bats of every species live, is not, however, open to tourists. The flight of the bats at sundown during the summer months is one of the sights of the Cavern and one which many visitors wait over to see after going through. The bats live in the Cave flying out at night in search of food in the sur rounding countryside and returning at daybreak. Leaving the "Bat Cave" we de scend with frequent stops to admire the ever increasing beauty of the stalctites hanging from the ceilings and stalagmites rising from the chamber floors. After going through many rooms and seeing many won derful sights we reach the under ground lunch room about twelvethirty. The party, wearied from the two hour walk and hungry from the exercise in the cool atmosphere, are glad to stop and enjoy the appetiz ing food and steaming coffee served 750 feet below the surface. After lunch and a rest we continue our tour of what proves to be the most beautiful part of the Cavern, a veri- table fairyland with myriads of sta lactites and stalagmites, frozen cas cades, grotesque formations all, finally we reach the "Big Room." This is the largest and most impres sive of the many chambers of the Cavern. It is more than three-quar ters of a mile long, 625 feet at its widest part and at one place the ceiling arches 350 feet high. The trail around it is 2% miles and the massive formations are magnificent. Here is the Giant Dome, the world's largest stalagmite 62 feet high and 16 feet in diameter and reliably esti mated to be 60 million years old. Soon we approach the "Rock of Ages" and are met by Mr. Boles, the superintendent who welcomes the party and describes more fully the wonders on all sides. While we sit down to rest the marvelous indirect lighting system, which is used throughout the Cavern, is turned off for 30 seconds and the place is thrown into absolute darkness. If one has never been in the dark 700 feet underground he may be assured that it is an unusual sensation. After this brief period of inky-blackness and death-like stillness a Ranger sings "Rock of Ages"--truly an awe inspiring experience. After the ceremony at the "Rock of Ages" the party divides into two groups, some wishing to walk out The Totem Poles while others elect to ride on the high speed elevators which in 1 minute are at the surface 700 feet above. These are the second longest single lift elevators in the world, surpassed only by those in the Empire State Building in New York City. We are told that there are 210 in our party with people from 24 states and 3 foreign countries. A smaller group than usual as on some days there are as many as 4,000 persons in a party. Photos by Jay Leek. The Jumping Off Place in the Big Room. jrVZ.1T.AUGUST J9S9 [ 19 ] ETC 22459 WINGS A winch truck for launching gliders by tow-line. Powered with Ethyl, the motor reels in the cable at speeds up to 75 miles anfour. Gliders ready to take off, waiting only for wind. Aerial view of Harris Hill, scene of National Soaring Contest where eleva tion is such that soaring planes may be launched directly into powerful slope wind up-drafts which carries them upward to still greater heights. ON a hot August day in 1930, an enthusiastic Irishman, one Jack O'Meara, brought his glider to El mira, N. Y. to investigate the soaring possibilities in a country about which he had heard so much. He stayed up 34 minutes--a national record. On the following day he went up again for 1 hour and 15 minutes. These two achievements--spectac ular at the time--established Elmira as the soaring center of the United States. Plans were immediately launched for a national glider con test the following month, and from that day to this every national soar ing meet has been held there. This year saw the 10th annual contest on Sunday, July 9th. The prize for best performance went to Chester A. Decker, 1936 champion. The Warren E. Eaton Trophy, in memory of the man who gave motorless flight its start in this country, was awarded to Richard C. DuPont, one. of the most colorful figures in American soaring. Du Pont's award was for the "most out standing contribution to motorless flight." In 1933 he doubled the American distance record with a flight of 122 miles, only to bring it to 158 miles the next year. He was national cham pion in 1934, 1935 and 1937. Since 1937 he has been President of the Soaring Society, at one time edited the magazine "Soaring" and has established two glider factories. Twice during the Elmira meets he established altitude records: 6,516 feet in 1936 and 6,700 feet in 1938. There are two basic types of gliders--utility gliders and high-per formance soaring ships which can climb even on the up-drafts attend ing cumulus clouds. When drifting from cloud to cloud, these graceful and delicate ships resemble a flock of great, wheeling birds. Some of the high-performance types are equip ped with elaborate instrumentation --meteorological instruments, flying instruments and even short-wave two-way radios for keeping in touch with ground crews. Many are built to carry two passengers. JBTHI*i Ji'EtVS [ 20 ] ETC 22460 Over Elmira Gliders are launched either by be ing towed behind an aeroplane or car, or by a tow-rope attached to a winch. This year, the winch truck was tuned up for the meet at Ethyl's Motor Clinic No. 4, of the New York Division which was at that time lo- Fred Schwenke, President of the Elmira Soaring Society, welcomes W. G. Ball of EthyTs Clinics staff. Winch truck was tuned-up at Clinic No. 4. Soaring is an exact science. Each little "thermal" air-current must be utilized to keep the glider up. cated in Elmira. Mr. Fred Schwenke, President of the Elmira Soaring So ciety, expressed great appreciation at the increase in power produced by tuning the truck motor. Both winch truck and towing trucks are run on leaded gasoline and the towing planes, which need every bit of power they can command, are fueled with aviation Ethyl. eo This car, used for launching the soaring ships, tows them behind just as a motorboat tows an aquaplane. The Treasury recently released a story to the effect that if all the money in circulation were divided equally, every person in the United States would have $50.38. What the Treasury failed to add was that if the national debt were divided the same way, every person would owe approximately $285. The Commentator JULY-JIVGUST 1989 [21] A towing plane needs all the power at the take off it can command-- Aviation Ethyl is in the tank. ETC 22461 Leroy W. Armstrong is a member of the Manufacturing Department staff at Deepwater, N. J. He first entered the employ of the General Motors Chemical Company in July 1924, located at Dayton, Ohio, where he was in charge of the storeroom. This was in the very early days before the formation of the present Corpora tion and when Ethyl Gasoline was mixed at the service station pumps by the very simple process of adding Ethyl Fluid directly to the gasoline. At that time the mixing devices were an important item in die Dayton in ventory. Still another curio of the past that was supplied from the Dayton storeroom was the old type methyliter can. During the year 1926 and after the Ethyl Gasoline Corporation had come into being, blending opera tions were begun at Deepwater, N. J. Mr. Armstrong was then trans ferred there to assume charge of shipping for the Manufacturing De partment and has been associated with that Department ever since. For the past nine years he has held the position of special shipping supervisor, the most important func tion of which consists of the educa tion and training of the responsible officers of a ship's personnel to as sure the proper handling, loading and storage of drums of Fluid in boat shipments. Mr. Armstrong is married, he has three children and makes his home at Penns Grove, N. J. The Following Service Awards have been made as of JULY 15 YEARS J. E. Mescher Detroit Engineering 10 YEARS Carl Bartholomew Tulsa Gasoline Testing Harold J. Chalk Detroit Engineering Hugh B. Gebhart Administration C. G. Krieger, Jr. Detroit Sales Meredith Littlefield New York Sales Charles D. Remsbuhg Manufacturing, Deepwater 5 YEARS John Dicus Tulsa Gasoline Testing Paul R. B. Dixon Manufacturing, Baton Rouge Albert H. Francis Administration AUGUST 15 YEARS L. W. Armstrong Manufacturing, Deepwater 10 YEARS Robert R. Foster Yonkers Laboratory George H. Gier Yonkers Laboratory Clifford E. Wilson Detroit Engineering J. E. Mescher was bom in Cincin nati, Ohio, August 18th, 1881 but at an early age moved to Dayton. His first association with Ethyl Gasoline was in the early days before the Corporation was formed, at which time he was employed by the General Motors Research Corpora tion in Dayton having charge of road testing work in connection with the experimental mixes of Ethyl Fluid. In 1927 when work was started on the early knock testing engines, Mr. Mescher was put in charge of this new activity. At the time the Corporation set up its engineeringlaboratories in Detroit, he moved there and continued in charge of the development and production of the so-called Delco knock testing en gines as well as the Ethyl demon strating engines which made their appearance at this time. Besides the production of these machines, which later became the Series 30 Ethyl Gasoline Corpora tion engines and the production of the demonstrating engines, the De troit machine shop, under his super vision, produced a large variety of experimental equipment necessary for the research laboratories. Mr. Mescher has continued in charge of the machine shop up to the present time. He is married and still maintains a home in Dayton, Ohio. He has one son, Robert, who is also employed in the Detroit Engineering Laborator ies. ETHYL, JTEWS [] ETC 22462 Will Supervise New Ethyl Chloride Division C. W. Bond FT gg--^TJ gfeigm R. N. Clothier H. A. Demouy ETHYL is pleased to announce that effective July 1st, the new ELA Ethyl Chloride Plant at Baton Rouge was transferred directly to the management of the Manufacturing Depart ment, headed by J. H. Schaefer, General Man ager and A. P. Stover, Assistant General Man ager. The new plant had been operated for ten months, proving design performance and estab lishing operating procedures, by Hydro Engi neering and Chemical Company who con structed the plant for Ethyl. The following direct operating supervision has been appointed for the newly formed Ethyl Chloride Division: Clinton W. Bond, Plant Manager, Roy N. Clothier, Assistant Plant Manager, Harry A. Demouy, Operating Super O.V. Tracy Leaves intendent and William J. Henry, Mechanical Superintendent. Baton Rouge Mr. Bond, an L. S. U. graduate, B.S. in Chem ical Engineering, 1931, came to Ethyl March 1st, 1939 after seven years as a chemical engi ETHYL in indebted to O. V. Tracy of Hydro Engineering & Chemi cal Co. for an excellent job in direct neer with Standard Oil of Louisiana, his last ing its new Ethyl Chloride process Standard assignment having been with the from an idea on paper to a smoothly Hydro Company in the construction and pre running, concrete and steel reality-- liminary operation of the ELA Plant. the ELA Ethyl Chloride Plant. Prior to joining the Ethyl organization early "Otz" Tracy supervised construc in 1939, Roy Clothier had been with Alco Pro tion of the new Plant and since it ducts, Inc. since 1931, and had supervised Alco's started actual operation in Septem installation of one of the most important sec ber 1938, through 10 months and tions of the ELA plant. Mr. Clothier is a native some 12,000,000 pounds of produc of Oklahoma, where he began his career in the tion he has been in direct charge, oil industry in 1922 with the Marland Oil Com perfecting operating technique, pany, later working with Cosden Oil and Foster- and solving the thousand-and-one Wheeler Corporation. difficulties that show up in every Harry A. Demouy came to Ethyl July 1st as new project. Operating Superintendent of the new plant The bare fact that a new and un with the wide background of over twenty years tried proces of such magnitude and of operating experience with Standard of complexity has emerged from its Louisiana. Mr. Demouy has been engaged in trial spins and can now take its place ELA plant operation for the past several months in daily routine operations within so of trial production runs. short a time, is a real tribute to Mr. William J. Henry, Mechanical Superinten Tracy's experience and ability. dent, has been with Ethyl since March 1939. Mr. and Mrs. Tracy are moving Prior to that Mr. Henry supervised construc their home to New Jersey where he tion forces during the building of the new plant. will continue his association with the He has been engaged in construction and main Standard Oil Development Com tenance work in Standard s Bayway and Baton pany in an even more responsible Rouge refineries since 1930, die year he was capacity. graduated from University of Pittsburgh with His many friends in the Ethyl or a B.S. degree in Chemical Engineering. ganization regret having reached the Research and development in connection crossroad but in sincere appreciation with the new plant will be coordinated with the of a job well done and the fine Chemical Research Department under Dr. friendships made in the doing, we Calingaert's direction at Detroit wish him the best of luck. JVJLY. AUGUST 1989 [*3] ETC 22463 NEWSBRIEFS We welcome to the Ethyl family, g 's-'jJ Helen Romer i who, on June 29th, joined El mer Chellborg's Purchasing De partment in the Graybar Building. She is a graduate of the Lincoln High School in I Jersey City, N. J., and attended New York University with the intention of becoming a teacher. However, she exercised her feminine birthright and decided on a busi ness career instead for which she has no regrets. She has but one hobby and that is her son. Willard J. (Bill) Heggen, who has been writing articles for farm publications in connection with our high-compression tractor program for the past nine months, joined the Ethyl organization on July first. He will continue the same work and also write and stimulate writing of similar arti cles in the truck and bus fleet fields. Prior to working with us, Bill was Executive Editor of United Press Association for three years and before that, Associate Editor of the Press Radio Bureau. He is a Harvard man (A.B. 1928) but also took post graduate work at Columbia in play writing. Although a native of Cambridge, Iowa, Bill and Mrs. Heggen both prefer New York apartment life to the suburbs and live on Tenth Street, Manhattan. O ft The following notice reaches us from Detroit: AND SO THEY WERE MARRIED. . . George William Thomson (Detroit Re search) and Thelma Merilla McKelvy were married Saturday, June 24th, 1939, at three o'clock in the afternoon. The ceremony took place in Stanton Park Bap tist Church, Detroit. Miss Essie Cope and Joseph J. Biemat, friends of the,bride and groom, were the attendants. Mr. and Mrs. George William Thomson will be at home after August 1st, follow ing their trip to the Muskoka Lake Region. eo And now the Manager of all Clinic Man agers has a new assistant. Jack and Mrs. Martin are the very proud, parents of a son, bom July 5th at the South Nassau Communities Hospital, Rockville Centre, L. 1. Junior weighed in at 7 lbs. 3 ozs. and we are delighted to report that both Mother and son are doing splendidly. Jack, who lost no time at all in passing around birthday cigars and delicious candy, seems to be getting his strength back gradually and we hope he'll be able to take a little nourishment before long. On the afternoon of June 23rd, Betty Rose, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Charles Bedell Rose, was married to Benjamin Patterson Vanlnwegen, at All Saints Church, Great Neck, L. I. Immediately after the cere mony a reception was held at the home of the bride's sister, Mrs. George Russell of Manhassett, L. I. After a wedding trip to Bermuda, the young bride and groom plan to settle down in an apartment in Tudor City. Effie Dow Courtney (Julian Gonzalez's secretary), was one of Betty's bridesmaids. Mrs. Vanlnwegen is the third June bride from the New York office and incidentally is the second one of John Schaeffer's secretaries to get married with in a year. Wyn Porter Sanders, Betty's predecessor, deserted the ranks last Sep tember. Betty, however, plans to "stick with the gang" and keep her job with Ethyl. Henry G. Ru dolph, Jr., who joined Ethyl's Boston Division May 31st, 1939, attended Jamaica High School, Ja maica, New York, from where he entered Stevens Institute of Tech nology at Hobo ken, N. J., and graduated in June, 1938. At Stevens he engaged in athletics and received a letter for soccer. He is a mem ber of the Chi Psi Fraternity. Before com ing with the Ethyl Gasoline Corporation he was employed by the Anchor Cap and Closure Corporation of Long Island City. Rudy's hobbies include golf, tennis, swimming and other outdoor sports. e Frank A. McCoy, who joined the Ethyl Gasoline Corporation in June, received his bachelor of science-degree in chemical engineering from Montana State College, Bozeman, Montana, in 1937, and his mas ter's degree from the University of Michi gan this year. Frank was employed as a production apprentice for the General Chemical Com pany for a short time before attending the University of Michigan. He is interested in all sports but prefers football, likes to fish and hunt, though his special hobby is doing inlay work with different colored wood. o e Announcement is made by three-year old Teddy Olver, son of Mr. and Mrs. Bert Olver of Toronto, of the arrival of his sis ter, Jean Eldeen. She made her official debut on April 2nd, weighing 7 lbs. 14 ozs. Our very hearty congratulations to the entire Olver family. Manufacturing Department Reports Production Increase--New Record Established At the approach of the busiest time of year for shipments at Deepwater the following report is announced with much pride: On May 10th -- within an interval of a few hours--the E. J. Darraghs and Stanley Eskridges were presented with additions to their families. Carol Anne is the second daughter bom to the Darraghs whereas Master Richard Stanley is the first child to arrive in the Eskridge household. We extend our rather belated congratu lations to both families and our deepest respect to the Manufacturing Department for such an admirable twin-production job. 009 Katherine Kems, a native of Houston, Texas, joined the Stenographic Depart ment on July 3rd. She is a graduate of the East Orange High School, Katharine Gibbs Secretarial School and took courses at New York University for three years, specializing in Journalism. Katharine's previous business experi ence includes six months with the Wom en's Metropolitan Golf Association, a year with the Royal Bank of Canada and 2 years with the Nautical Gazette. O0 It is with regret that we announce the resignation of Mary Louise Furst who has been our able Receptionist on the 36th Floor of the New York office for the past two and a half years. Mary-Louise's main reason for leaving is so that she can spend more time with her family which consists of a husband and two children. 0O0 On June 5th, 1939, George Mattson joined the Detroit branch of the Ethyl Gaso line Corporation as Junior Engi neer. He is a na tive of Hancock, Michigan, and a graduate of Han cock High School. Michigan College of Mines & Technology awarded him a B.S. degree in Chemical Engineering in 1938. On a teaching fel lowship George worked as a laboratory in structor at his Alma Mater while doing work toward a master's degree during the past year. Skating and swimming are George's favorite outdoor sports and photography his pet hobby. ETHYZ JYBWS [24] ETC 22464 May we take this opportunity to wish hap piness and success to Mr. and Mrs. Walter A. Cosgrove who were married on Tune 17th at St. Joan of Arc Church, Jackson Heights, Long Island. The bride is the former Miss Winifred Greenwood of Jackson Heights and the groom is a member of our Payroll Section in the Administra tion Department. After a honeymoon in Maine they can be found at home in Kew Cardens, L. I. Certainly the New York office is doing its level best to break all previous records for June weddings. It's all right by us, B's and G's we're all for you and wish you all the luck you so rightfully deserve. oeo How about some vacation snapshots for the "News"? We'll print them if they're really good. George S. Robin son, a native of Wilkes-Barre, Pa., who recently joined the staff of Ethyl's Dayton Division Clinic, is a product of Pennsylvania State College, engineer ing school. As far back as 1920 George was connected with the Olds Motor Works in Lansing and later with both Swan-Finch Oil Corporation and the Gulf Refining Co. In 1935 he was ap pointed plant superintendent for the Luce Manufacturing Co. of Lansing, which posi tion he held until 1938 when he became service manager for W. H. Paul Co., Studebaker agents, also of Lansing. George's hobbies are hunting, fishing and boating. We welcome to the Ethyl ranks, Virginia McGuire, a native of Yonkers, N. Y. She is a graduate of the Halstead School in Yonkers and Wells College, Aurora, N. Y., Class 1931. For several years after gradu ation Virginia donated her services to the Family Welfare Society of Yonkers, a worthy charitable institution. For the past four and a half years she has been with the American Paper and Pulp Association from which company she resigned to join up with Ethyl. Virginia is in charge of the Stenographic Department as successor to Irene Oldendonf who deserted the ranks for Time magazine. We wish you luck, Irene, and hope you'll stop in and see us some time. After all you're really the Godmother of the Stenographic Department and you cer tainly did a swell job. Ethyl Motor Clinic Itinerary Clinic Number I E. L. Cline, Manager ft L. A. Dollahan, Manager 3 W. A. Newman, Manager 4 M. P. Murdock, Manager 5 H. E. Cottrell, Manager 6 E. L. Mason, Manager 7 M. Littlefield, Manager 8 R. J. Coveney, Manager 9 C. Fred Naylor, Manager 10 Carl M. Berry, Manager 11 S. T. Pruitt, Jr., Manager Division Present Location Remains Approx. Pacific Coast Los Angeles Permanently 977 W. 6th Street Chicago Vacation Dayton New York Tulsa Baltimore New York Boston Chicago Clarksburg, W. Va. 100 Wood Street 8/20 Vacation Beaumont, Texas 8/5 Ney Auto Supply Co. Bldg. Calder & Willow Streets Asheville, N. C. 167 Coxe Street 8/20 Vacation Springfield, Mass. 8/21 1107 Columbus Avenue Vacation Kansas City Atlanta Denver, Colorado 9/24 11th & Cherokee Streets Vacation & Experimental Work Next Location Opens Approx. Green Bay, Wis. 149 N. Broadway Undetermined 8/15 Syracuse, N. Y. Vacation 8/21 Vacation Atlantic City, N. J. 8/14 Vacation Lansing, Mich. 8/15 2102 S. Washington Undetermined Atlanta, Ga. 9/1 jiri-r.^rcFsr is f 25 1 ETC 22465 TOP SPEED The Swift is aptly named. For it is speed... speed enough to catch his insect food on the wing... that provides him with his very liv ing. And it is speed, too, that has given life to aviation. Through its ability to carry pas sengers and freight faster than any other means of transportation, the airplane has become the commercial factor it is today. And it is through even further increases in flying speed that aviation will continue to grow. Already planes have approached the 500-mile-an-hour mark... an indication of what is in store as better fuels and engines are developed. For if we are to have more speed, we must have more power. That's why Ethyl engineers are daily aid ingaviation engineers in a planned program of research... a search for more efficient fuels and engines to keep pace with the ever pres ent urge to fly faster. They have resolved that when the day of the six-, seven- or even eight-hundred-mile-an-hour commercial airplane arrives, there will be fuels and engines to power it. ETC 22466 SEPTEMBER 1939 ETC 22467 Navies Without Oceans Ethyl Gasoline Corporation CHRYSLER BUILDING NEW YORK CITY W. CARY HARRIS Editor RUSSELL B. WESTON NORTHROP C LAREY, Jr. Associate Editors Correspondents J. A. Costello Atlanta F. S. Cronin Baltimore B. R. Jones Boston A. B. Wyrick Chicago H. F. Dedo Dayton D. S. Flynn Kansas City Carl Abell Los Angeles R. L. Goltz New York J. N. Fitzgerald Toronto H. Kuhe Tulsa R. K. Scales Engineering Dept. L. Barnum Mfg. Baton Rouge C. Wasserman Mfg. Deepwater J. C. Pope Gasoline Testing Dept. E. J. Nieser Administration Dept. Hubert Fossett London THE MATERIAL IN THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRINTED PROVIDED DUE CREDIT IS GIVEN THE "ETHYL NEWS" OR ETHYL GASOLINE CORPORATION UNLESS IT IS A COPYRIGHTED ARTICLE Volume 6, Number 9 SINCE the dawn of fighting history, highways for the transport of men, munitions and supplies have been the first essential of defense. Modem motorized armies without adequate roads are like navies without oceans. Recently a streamlined motorized division of the U. S. Army assembled for maneuvers at San Antonio, Texas, moved 300 miles in one day. Twelve miles was once considered a good day's march. The record, which tripled those made in the World War, was made possible by a network of 12 paved roads which enabled army trucks to make extra trips. Even the assembly of this crack division, could not have been accomplished without radiating roads, since the units came from points 500 to 1,000 miles away. Yet another very important factor which makes such mobility possible is that the Army has "discovered" Ethyl Gasoline. They have recognized it to be the logical fuel to satisfy their requirements for power, speed and performance. Single trunk highways across the length and breadth of the country are not liked by military defense experts. They point out that when such routes are used for military transport, a division on the march becomes a 50-mile column presenting an inviting target for enemy bombers. Also such con spicuously marked roads are targets which quickly can be bombed beyond all hope of immediate repair. Efficient military practice requires the breaking up and moving of a column on two or more parallel roads whenever possible. When the cam paign is being waged on a continuous front, with men and supplies moving constantly forward, intersect-roads are essential as tributary feeders of additional supplies and reserves. Radiating roads are seen not only as a convenience but as a prime neces sity for modem defense. The construction of such roads, is in a large measure already achieved and as a result of expenditure in the past, the country has a network of 3,000,000 miles of state and local highways. Progressive highway planners believe these roads can be improved and realigned where necessary as traffic surveys indicate, into direct inter regional highways which will accommodate growing peace-time traffic and at the same time meet the needs of national defense at less cost than transcontinental superhighways financed by tolls. In This Issue Navies Without Oceans Through the Khyber Pass with Ethyl Putting Performance on Paper Ethyl Motor Clinic Itinerary How Cowboy Music wins Attention for Ethyl Story Just Supposing! First Electric Transit Line Keeps Pace with the Times Tankers of the Air "Tune-Up Time"-1940 Model! The Panda Lady and Su Lin Old and New in Transportation Parade Philadelphia Post Office Pioneers New Air Mail Service New Type Truck Shows Efficiency Ethyl's Superiority on Texas Highway Job Ethyl goes to South Pole on Strange Vehicle Has Served Ethyl 15 Years A Long Name Newsbriefs Service Awards Su Lin and her Chinese "amah" (See Story on fage 12) etc 22469 Through the Khyber Pass with Ethyl HE most luxurious "land yacht" the explorer and his wife will travel Tever built is scheduled soon to during the day. Accompanied by a carry the noted explorer, Lawrencemoving picture cameraman, a driv C. Thaw, and his wife through theer-mechanic, and a retinue of six famous Khyber Pass into India. Indian servants, Mr. and Mrs. Thaw Their Pullman-of-the-road, a cus will traverse deserts, mountains and tom trailer mounted behind a GMC jungles, visiting Indian princes en cab-over-engine truck, is 39/2 feet route and photographing the un long and filled with appointments usual country through which they rich as those of a Park Avenue home. travel. To keep their engine running smoothly while pulling this load over primitive roads, up all sorts of grades, in climates ranging from Siberian cold to the baking heat of India's plains, Ethyl will be used exclusively. Special supplies of Ethyl Gasoline will be made avail able during the trip. The Thaw motor caravan in cludes, besides the luxurious trailer unit, two Chevrolet supply trucks and a Buick passenger car in which Thaw is a veteran trail-blazer in little-known parts of the earth. He has spent two years in preparation for this trip. The entire expedition Lawrence C. Thaw, world traveler, has spent 2 years in painstaking prepara tion for a motor caravan trip through a world seldom open to ordinary men. Ethyl-powered caravan of the Thaw expedition. JETMEYL. .Vll*S U1 ETC 22470 L left New York on the S.S. President Roosevelt on June 21, stopping first at Cherbourg. From there they will travel to Paris to establish head quarters, then move on to Asia. In teresting points along the route in clude Budapest, Istanbul, Damas cus, Baghdad, Mazar-I-Sherif, Delhi, Calcutta, Mysore and Bombay. The main unit of the caravan, spe cially designed and fitted out by General Motors, is sumptuous in a way to delight any Indian prince who may be entertained along the way. There is the salon, for instance, finished in Prima Vera wood and upholstered in royal blue mohair with pigskin welt. An ornate dining table folds out from the front. This is equipped with a "glow bar," which imparts a beautiful neon tube glow to all glassware on the table. A sofa in front of the salon makes up into two beds, for the driver of the vehicle and the cameraman, while concealed wardrobes provide for their apparel. There is a bed room besides this -- tastefully planned with an eye to producing the greatest comfort in a limited space. On each side is a bed, each fitted with special tables that tilt for reading at night. Both beds are equipped with electric fans, read ing lamps, and automatic cigarette fighters. A library is within easy reach. Conditioned air reaches the sleepers through tiny holes in the cork ceiling. Master bedroom for two, in which Mr. and Mrs. Thaw will rest in air-condi tioned comfort on their 1939 Odyssey. The bath is a masterpiece. The tub (with shower) is of stainless steel. A water-pressure toilet and lavatory are faced with a sliding chromium door, which serves as a full-length mirror. Such accommodations as writingdesks, rugs for occasions of state, containers which emit lighted cigar ettes, specially monogrammed towels, and other homey touches to soften the rigors of primitive jungle life, are included in the de luxe equipment. Two large screened win dows run along either side, with large porthole-type windows in the two doors. These are of polaroid glass, so constructed that they may be turned gradually to shut out the glare. In the salon is a telephone that connects with the driver's cab. There is a two-way radio set for sending and receiving messages --not by code, but in ordinary conversation. In the galley is a large-sized electric icebox topped with a stainless steel working table. There is running water, a stainless steel sink with drainboard, a hot water heater, and electrical outlets. The aluminum exterior of the trailer is sweepingly finished in sil ver and fight and dark blue, with gracefully flowing lines. In addition to the regular doors, screens are provided on all entrances as well as on all windows that open. As each door is opened, an electricallylighted step automatically appears. The salon trader of the caravan, stream lined outside, is finished inside with Prima Vera wood, mohair and pigskin upholstery, gleaming chrome trim and all the other luxuries of a modem "land yacht." On one side a canopy, 10 x 20 feet in size, may be easily and quickly erected to provide a fitting marquee for entertaining guests. The vehicle carries its own fight ing system powered by three com pletely automatic Delco fight plants. It has the latest Frigidaire air con ditioner, and there is aluminum aircell insulation throughout the trailer. A four-cylinder gasoline engine runs the air compressor for the condition ing unit. Atop the front of the cab is a powerful searchlight, and movable spotlights are provided on either side. Lug grip tires equip the tractor and trailer units for better traction on some of the bad roads which the expedition expects to encounter. A telescoping bar arrangement at the rear of the trailer makes possible the turning of the rear wheels from the outside in case the trailer must be moved in or out of tight places. Numerous facilities, including a catwalk atop the trailer, electric out lets, special clamps for cameras, and a rear-seat sunshine roof in the pas senger car, will aid in the taking of motion pictures. John W. Boyle, noted cinematographer from Cali fornia, will do aU the picture work. SEP TJE.nBJER 1939 [3] ETC 22471 Putting Performance on Paper (Reprint by permission "Orange Disc") OST car owners and drivers fuels which, only a few years ago, M really know very little about would have been of negligible ad what goes on under the hood, whvyantage to automobile engines. certain things happen to motors and Now, despite the great advan chassis, and what to do about car tages of increased power, lower car trouble before it happens. These bon-forming tendencies, lower oper are but a few of the factors consid ating temperatures, and greater ered by Gulf at the time when en mileage made possible by motors of gineers and executives carefully recent manufacture when operated were planning new marketing tech on No-Nox, the manufacturers are nique for No-Nox Ethyl. forced to adjust cars at the factory to No-Nox Ethyl and the present operate quietly on ordinary or regu types of automotive engines have lar grades of gasoline without re developed together. The high com gard to the maximum performance pression ratios which are common of which the car is capable and to all late model American-made without regard to economy of opera cars are direct results of the avail tion. ability of high octane fuels. On the To help educate motorists to the other hand, the continually rising pleasure and economy that are right antiknock, or octane rating of gaso fully theirs through the use of No- lines is due to the increasing com Nox gasoline and to put their cars pression ratios of motors which are in shape to take advantage of the now able to use extremely powerful This check-chart carefully fitted out by the tune-up man gives a record of the condition of your car. latent qualities of a superior fuel, Gulf has instituted a Motor Clinic program. This is already in force at many super-type, company-owned stations and will be put in many more in the future. These Motor Clinics also will be installed in the service departments of large gar ages, automobile agencies and simi lar establishments as rapidly as pos sible. As a part of the Motor Clinic pro gram, Gulf has made arrangements for the exclusive use of a unique type of chassis dynamometer known as the Otis Proving Stand. This ma chine takes the place of three units usually used in motor-analysis, per forms several functions in addition, to make a total of twenty-five differ ent operations. All tests on the Otis Proving Stand are under the com plete control of a trained engineer who sits in the driver's seat of the car-patient. As the tests progress, the Per formance Data sheet is filled in by Dials of the Proving Stand present a scientifically accurate picture of a cars condition before and after tune-up. E Til YE JVE H'S [4] ETC 22472 GULF MOTOR CLINK liiliihJL FOR EFF the diagnosing engineer. This gives the car owner a clear and adequate picture--a sort of case study of his car. Such factors as compression, ignition, pulling power, accelera tion, and braking are measured ac curately and put in an understand able form. Big illuminated dials on the giant panel board facing the car being tested enable the motorist to `sit in' during the diagnosis, while the car operates under road conditions yet without moving! -- at full throttle, cruising speed, down hill against compression, five to fifty miles an hour. -Every driving condition is dupli cated and the information obtained is jotted down on the owner's re port. He sees his motor's compara tive gasoline consumption at various speeds. He sees whether or not his speedometer is accurate. And when the tests are over, the motor is tuned by experts, as dictated by the data recorded. Carburetor, timing, spark The motorist is able to "sit in" during the careful diagnosis of this car. plugs, distributor--all are adjusted to give peak performance. It is at this point that many a motorist becomes amazed as he watches the big dials of the Proving Stand--sees the increased perform ance coming from his own car, per formance he didn't believe was pos sible or which he thought would re quire major repairs to bring about! Also at this time, an engineer takes readings which indicate the direction of any uneven pull on the wheels. This condition may result from faulty brakes, bearing defects, or other causes. Brake force in pounds on the front and rear wheels is shown on still another dial. Tires are checked for traction, skidding, and balance on the dynamometer drums, while supplementary equip ment checks lights, air filters and ig nition parts. Today, Gulf Motor Clinics are more active than ever before. Not only has their popularity spread with motorists who like to have their cars' pep restored from time to time, but many new car buyers have found that Gulf engineers, who know more than any car manufacturer about gasoline, can take a brand new car right out of the show room and, through the use of No-Nox gasoline, with proper motor adjustments, in crease gasoline mileage, lower oper ating temperatures, and stave off carbon cleaning and motor repairs for a longer period of time. More motorists each year are real izing the advantages of high octane fuel. That many of them prefer Gulf No-Nox gasoline is well indicated by the increasing millions of gallons sold and by the lengthening rolls of Motor Clinic customers who have their cars tuned expressly for best results with No-Nox. Although Gulf operates other types of Motor Clinics in addition to the one de scribed here, all have the same ob jective and the entire group is now tuning a total of about five hundred cars each month. Regular Clinic tune-ups at six month or five thousand mile inter vals serve the same purpose to the motor that periodic check-ups by doctor or dentist do to the human body. These tune-ups are preven tive maintenance. They increase motor life and economy, go a long way toward keeping down the permile cost of driving. Because Gulf is not interested in tuning motors as a way to make a Spacious interior of Gulf Motor Clinic located at 110th Street and Central Park West in New York City. SEPTEMBER. 1989 [5] ETC 22473 With their complete knowledge of motor fuels Clinic engineers are able to increase the performance and im prove gasoline mileage even on factory tuned cars. profit, the sole purpose of Motor Clinic service is to aid motorists to take complete advantage of the extra value in No-Nox, to help them obtain and appreciate its excep tional characteristics. Since high compression motors are very critical to tune-up adjust ments, the natural wear caused by corrosion, pitting, vibration and the collection of foreign matter makes it impossible to maintain peak per formance and economy for more than 5,000 miles. Performance is re duced at least 10% in this length of time. Unless die motor is properly tuned, serious mechanical difficul ties may develop. That is why car manufacturers definitely recom mend inspection and tune-up at 5,000 mile intervals. No one is better qualified to do this work than the tune-up engi neer in Gulfs own Motor Clinics. For each man has a thorough under standing of fuel qualities, together with a thorough knowledge of igni tion and carburetion, which quali fies him to do a precise and work manlike job on every car brought in for Motor Clinic service. Ethyl Motor Clinic Itinerary Clinic Number 1 E. L. Cline, Manager 2 L. A. Dollahan, Manager 3 W. A. Newman, Manager 4 M. P. Murdock, Manager 5 H. E. Cottrell, Manager 6 E. L. Mason, Manager 7 M. Littlefield, Manager 8 R. J. Coveney, Manager 9 C. F. Naylor, Manager lO C. M. Berry, Manager 11 S. T. Pruitt, Jr., Manager Division Los Angeles Chicago Dayton New York Tulsa Baltimore New York Boston Chicago Kansas City Atlanta Present Location Remains Approx. Los Angeles Permanently 977 W. 6th Street Green Bay, Wisconsin 149 N. Broadway 9/17 Wheeling, W. Va. 10/6 Syracuse, N. Y. 212 Brunet Avenue 10/15 Austin, Texas 106 E. 1st Street 10/6 Greenville, S. C. 414 S. Main Street 10/6 Atlantic City, N. J. 9/10 Convention Hall Garage East Hartford, Conn. 10/6 613 Connecticut Boulevard Lansing, Mich. 9/18 2102 S. Washington Avenue Denver, Colorado 9/24 11th & Cherokee Streets Atlanta, Ga. 10/10 Lullwater Bldg. 441W. Peachtree Blvd., N.W. Next Location Opens Approx. La Crosse, Wis. Undetermined Rochester, N. Y. 10/20 San Antonio, Texas Undetermined Jamaica, L. I. 9/15 Undetermined Jackson, Mich. Undetermined Undetermined ETHYL. JYEVYS [6] ETC 22474 troup often plays to packed houses at both afternoon and evening shows. In every instance local dealers for Quaker, who are introduced to the audience at the beginning of the performance, report an increase in volume and good will directly trace able to the program which fre quently has its effect for several weeks. Cooperation from dealers has been 100 per cent, according to Marshall McArthur, president of the Quaker Petroleum Company. The stunt has evoked high enthusiasm among them as well as the Quaker salesmen, and customers are given an opportunity to actually see and hear the facts of the Ethyl Story at the demonstration, which is a part of Ethyl Gasoline Corporation's pre How Cowboy Music Wins Attention for Ethyl Story sentation. Lyle DeMoss, radio station WOW, Omaha, who conducts the performance as Master of Cere monies, is shown here with the en ITH the assistance of colorful prizes consisting of generous quan tire group of entertainers. Wcowboys in sombreros and tities of the two Quaker products, high heels, the strumming of guitarPsa, raland Motor Oil and Pennfield bowing of fiddles and with a varieMtyotor Oil are raffled off to the audi of singing and dancing, the Quaker ence. Petroleum Company of Omaha, Attendance at these shows has working closely with Ethyl's Kansas amounted to more than a thousand Quaker augments the information given by the Ethyl representative through a booklet giving pertinent information on the care and opera tion of tractor motors. The booklet is entitled, "17 Money Saving Trac City Division, has developed an ef persons at a single performance. The tor Tips." fective way of bringing the High Compression Tractor story to their Just Supposing! farm and small town customers for AT a time when mass production reason for the great mass of service, the purpose of stepping up their j[\_ is under fire and the machine road construction, petroleum output sales volume. is being blamed for our woes, with and other vast sources of jobs dis A free show, open to all who care some politicians actually proposing appears. Nor is that all. The A.M.A. to attend, does the trick. Advertised taxation for machinery to be applied did not attempt to compute the ef over Quaker's daily radio program to relief or those "displaced," it is fect on vacation employment, high on Station WOW, Omaha, the per interesting to look anew at the auto way restaurants and the like, only formances are held in small town mobile industry, major exponent of a small fraction of which would be high school auditoriums or public mass production methods. served by other transport if the halls. Other publicity to build at According to the Automobile automobile were returned to luxury tendance is in the form of handbills Manufacturers association, ten times class, distributed by local Quaker dealers. as many persons are provided a live A silly hypothesis, to be sure. We Occasionally some newspaper space lihood by the activities generated have no intention of giving up auto is used. Prairie music and entertainment by genial Lyle DeMoss, WOW ar tist Lucille Lynam and the Rangers put the audience in a receptive mood for the gasoline story, presented by a representative from the Kansas City Division of the Ethyl Gasoline Corporation. At various intervals throughout the performance, door by the automobile as find employ ment in the motor plants themselves. The A. M. A. estimate is that 6,380,000 persons live by the manufacture, service, distribution and other ac tivities which automobiles set into motion. Remove the machine-produced automobile, put it back on a custombuilt or hand-made basis, and the mobiles by making them too costly to have democratic use. But for automobile substitute any other in dustry dependent to a large degree on mass methods of production. Ex amine the train of employment gen erated by any of these. Technology is the generating station for employ ment and new employment. --Rockford (111.) Star SEPTEMBER IS0 f71 ETC 22475 First Electric Transit Line Keeps Pace with the Times HE evolution of city transpor trackless-trolley passengers and 16,- Ttation in historic Baltimore has 697,257 revenue bus passengers. The been similar to that of many othevr ehicles operated 25,848,174 rev American cities--first the horse care, nue rail and trackless-trolley miles then cable operation and finally and 5,819,880 bus miles. This was electrification. However, Baltimore done over 316 miles of single track, claims the distinction of being the 83 miles of one-way bus routes and scene of the first commercial elec 12 of one-way trackless trolley trically operated line in the United routes, using 1,006 street cars, 47 States. There the Daft Motor Car, trackless trolleys and 192 buses. which ran by means of a third rail Although the company is decid system was the pioneer transit car edly bus minded and keenly inter in that field. Eventually this was ested in maintenance problems, up superseded by the overhead trolley. to March 1938 only a very small per At the close of the last century all centage of their gasoline require of the small lines in the city were ments was lead treated. At that time, merged into one system which oper however, after extensive investiga ated as The United Railways and tion as to the best type of fuel for Electric Company of Baltimore until their operations they changed to 1933 when it went into receivership. leaded regular gasoline. The com The present organization known as pany reports that the fuel chosen The Baltimore Transit Co. came into has produced excellent results being some two years later. through a material reduction in Up to 1935 the ratio of buses to fuel costs. This is due principally to street cars did not increase very the fact that a higher priced non- rapidly but since then this ratio has leaded blended product was re been stepped up until today 15% of placed with leaded regular. One the vehicles are of this type. Slightly very interesting result has been a over 13% of the revenue passengers materially increased spark plug life. are carried on buses and approxi For the operation of its automotive mately 19% of the revenue miles are fleet, Baltimore Transit in 1938, used produced by this mode of transpor 1.620.000 gallons of gasoline and tation. The company includes in its 165.000 gallons of fuel oil. equipment all of the latest type Ethyl's Baltimore Division has coaches--gas-mechanical, gas-elec worked very closely with the Main tric, diesel-electric and diesel-hy tenance Department of the Transit draulic and an articulated bus seat Company and during the fall and ing 56 passengers which is the only winter of 1938-1939 conducted a one of its kind in the country in Fleet Maintenance School for them regular operation. under the supervision of the Divi During the year 1938 there were sion's Fleet Engineer, Mr. J. R. St. carried 109,704,660 revenue rail and Germain. The School was held one A part of the Baltimore Transit fleet which helps carry more than 16 million passengers annually. night each week and ran for 28 con secutive weeks. The sessions were conducted in the Engineers Club of Baltimore and the average attend ance was 45. Subjects covered were carburetion, ignition, exhaust gas analysis and automotive engineer ing fundamentals. Other special sub jects were taken up also at meetings conducted by guest instructors -- specialists in their particular lines. At the conclusion of the School a dinner was given by The Baltimore Transit Company to honor Mr. St. Germain and as a token of apprecia tion for his work and the gratifying results obtained. It was attended by all of the mechanics who made up the school as well as a large number of guests. Mr. St. Germain was pre sented with a chronograph wristwatch--the presentation being made by Mr. Bancroft Hill, President of The Baltimore Transit Company, who spoke of the great amount of good resulting from the Fleet School. Remarks were also made by Mr. J. L. Swope, Vice President and Treasurer, Mr. R. S. Tompkins, Di rector of Service and Information, followed by short talks by Mr. R. R. Seward, Manager of Sterrett Oper ating Service, Mr. H. C. Dees and Mr. F. S. Cronin, Manager and Assistant Manager of Ethyl's Balti more Division. Mr. A. Earl Courts, Assistant to the President of The Baltimore Transit Company, acted ETHYL. A'EWS [8] ETC 22476 as Master of Ceremonies introduc ing the speakers and entertainers. Entertainment at the dinner was provided by the personnel of The Transit Company, most of whom at tended the Fleet School. In addition to this, interesting motion pictures were shown, through the courtesy of the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey, depicting the manufac ture of modem gasoline. The guests present at the dinner were: Messrs. J. H. Hickman and Ed. Grable, General Motors Truck and Coach; O. K. LeBron, A. G. Raynor and R. R. Seward, Sterrett Operating Service; W. R. Tighe and Jas. L. Rianhard, Standard Oil Com pany; J. H. Lohrfink, General Elec tric Company; A. Frank Paul, Na tional Pneumatic Company; A. O. Ridgely, Electric Storage Battery Co.; H. C. Dees and F. S. Cronin, Ethyl Gasoline Corporation. Gas-Electric Bus which will accommodate 41 passengers. This 56 passenger Articulated Bus is only one in regular operation in the U. S. SEPTEMBER 1939 [9] Tankers of the Air IGGER payloads with greater B safety are assured trans-Atlantic mail planes with the development of the flying tanker for refueling in mid-air at the rate of 1,000 gallons in 10 minutes. Aerial refueling will add 7,000 pounds to the payload, it is esti mated, by enabling planes to take off with a reasonable fuel load which can be increased in the air. A plane taking off at a weight of 46,000 lbs. can, by means of this sys tem, have its weight increased to 53,000 lb. before it starts its ocean Flying tankers, as scheduled for use, are converted bombers, twinengined monoplanes. The tanker maneuvers into position above the mail plane and a rubber pipe line is connected to the tank which is to be filled in the mail plane. With this system, a flying tanker can, if neces sary, supply trans-Atlantic aircraft with all the fuel needed for the crossing, except for an hour's sup ply which is aboard when the ocean flying plane takes off. On weekly flights this summer, it is planned that planes will receive 960 gallons of gasoline in transit. ETC 22477 'Tune-Up Time"--1940 Model! Enthusiastic Premiere Audience Cheers Maestro Kostelanetz and Tony Martin, Ethyl's New Singing M.C. OUR men, sitting around a table, auditions to move along smoothly. Flighted fresh cigarettes and wait Between 35 and 40 popular stars had ed. "The next voice you will hear,"been scheduled at fifteen-minute in declared a loud speaker in the wall,tervals over a couple of days; even "will be that of Tony Martin." their biographies had been prepared The four glanced at each other as background information. That of briefly as the music began. For two Tony Martin, for instance, read: days they had been carefully "audi Bajitone. Age 27. Singing roles in tioning" candidates for the berth of 6 successful pictures. Personal ap singing master - of - ceremonies^ on pearance tour following "Winner Ethyl's new "Tune-Up Time"--hear Take AIT made him nationally ing them first as voices out of a loud popular. Theatres crowded with speaker, as a typical audience fans. Had been successful leading would, to study their "radio person his own band on West Coast before alities." They had already listened going with 20th Century-Fox. to nearly three dozen. When Tony Martin had finished Two of the men at the table were singing, the four men around the Mr. Webb and Mr. Taylor, presi table glanced at each other again-- dent and vice-president of the Ethyl and nodded. They discussed Martin Gasoline Corporation--who were on with interest; brought him in for a a business trip to the Coast and had personal interview. There was more arranged their schedules to sit in on discussion later, with much enthu the auditions. The other two--Ethyl's siasm--and "Tune-Up Time" had a advertising manager, Paul McElroy, new singing master-of-ceremonies. and a representative of the advertis From the very first, the choice had ing agency--had flown from New been unanimous. York to hear the tryouts. And it was "unanimous" with Painstaking arrangements by the more than a thousand cheering lis New York and Los Angeles repre teners on August 21st, in the big Co sentatives of the agency enabled the lumbia studio, when Tony Martin, Andre Kostelanetz and his famous 45-piece orchestra, and the Rhythm Singers of Kay Thompson finished the last melodic strains of "The Lamp Is Low," closing the first pro gram of Ethyl's new series. Back on the Coast, in the audition Kay Thompson and her 12 Rhythm Singers, one of whom is Kays younger sister, hail from 12 different states. They are shown here during a rehearsal. Alice Faye and her husband, Tony Martin, join David Laughlin, Lily Pons and Andre Kostelanetz in a glass of champagne to wish the new program good luck. ETHYL Jt'ElYS [ IO J ETC 22478 Ethyl on the air--the 45-piece orches tra of Andre Kostelanetz, the 12 Rhythm Singers of Kay Thompson (lower left corner) and, across the stage, the headliners. David Laughlin (white coat), who has just finished his number, shakes hands with Tony Martin. Kay Thompson (gray dress) and maestro Kostelanetz (on stand) have their backs to the audience. room, another voice had been unfor gettable -- the thrilling tenor of David Laughlin. So thrilling, in fact, that Laughlin, who is just getting started on a promising career, won himself an unexpected, surprise spot in the Ethyl show. His brilliant han dling of a "Rigoletto" aria drew pro longed applause that threatened to hold up the show. It was a large and colorful audi- ence, well filling Columbia Broad casting's largest studio, at Broadway and 53rd Street in New York City. One of the high spots of the evening was Andre Kostelanetz' rendition, with Tony Martin, of "Moon Love" --currently the nation's number one hit tune--which Kostelanetz himself adapted from Tschaikowsky's Fifth Symphony. Among the notables in the audience were Mrs. Kostelanetz, more widely known as Lily Pons, and Alice Faye, the lovely wife of Tony Martin, who flew from Chi cago for the broadcast. "Tune-Up Time" will be on the air every Monday night from 8 to 8:30 Eastern Daylight time, over WABC and a national hookup of CBS stations. There will be a re broadcast at midnight, EDST, for listeners west of the Rocky Moun tains. Tickets are available for both broadcasts each week, except dur ing the five Mondays in October, when the show is to be broadcast from Hollywood. With maestro Kostelanetz and his celebrated orchestra, Tony Martin, and Kay Thompson's Rhythm Sing ers, it promises rich entertainment for the coming season --a thirtyminute parade of all that's best and best-beloved in opera, light classical and popular music. If you can't per sonally attend "Tune-Up Time," be sure to listen in--every Monday at 8! David Laughlin, in the moment every young singer dreams of--his first per formance with a celebrated orchestra before a nation-wide audience. With a brilliant career ahead of him, Laughlin already has an interesting history to look back upon. He studied to be an engineer, but chose to follow music. He has served as Paris correspondent for American papers, has built his own racing car and driven it to win several prizes. He first sang as a baritone, but later took advantage of an extraordi nary vocal range to become a dramatic tenor. SEPTEMBER 1939 [] ETC 22479 Su Lin and her denoted foster mother. The Panda Lady and Su Lin A. N. Gray of "News" Staff Gets Story from Mrs. Harkness rs. william harvest M HARKNESS, JR. accom plished the seemingly impossible when she brought back to this coun try the first Giant Panda ever cap tured alive. There are two kinds of Pandas--the Lesser Panda which re sembles a raccoon and has often been in captivity, and the Giant Panda which explorers and scien tists had been trying to capture alive for the past sixty years. Mrs. Harkness says that it was destiny that guided the expedition and in her modest way, will take very little credit for its success. Her husband sailed for China shortly after their marriage --his heart set on capturing a live GiantJ Panda--but died in Shanghai a few days after he received permission from Chinese authorities that he might proceed with his plans. The charts, equipment, camping paraphenalia, etc. which he had taken with him were of course inherited by his widow and although she had done no exploring, was keenly inter ested in it and never had a moment's doubt as to what her next move would be. Incidentally she did not know a word of Chinese. Her friends thought she was com pletely mad--did everything in their power to persuade her to give up the idea of continuing her husband's unfinished task. Even after her arriv al in Shanghai the various people she contacted, refused to Believe she seriously meant to go through with her plans without even a woman companion. Her only en couragement came from friends at the offices of the Standard Oil Com pany. They proved to be invaluable in their courtesy and assistance. With the untiring help of Quentin Young, a Chinese boy who spoke English and whose brother had been with Col. Roosevelt on his Panda expedition, Mrs. Harkness finally left for the Mountains of Chinese Tibet where these rare animals were known to make their home. On their arrival camp was set up and they made themselves as comfortable as possible. Her praise of the politeness and instinctive knowledge of her wants by the twenty-five Chinese boys who made up her expedition, was very fine and sincere. On the morning of the ninth day in the Mountain Camp, Mrs. Hark ness, Quentin and the hunters, started off on their quest. While they were plowing through the slippery bamboo thickets, without warning a shout went up from the jungle and the report of a gun was heard. It developed, after the excitement died down, that the shot had been fired to frighten away a mother Giant Panda. When Quentin sud denly appeared through the thicket holding a tiny ball of black and white fur in die palms of his two hands, Mrs. Harkness's reaction was one of momentary paralysis. The reality that the seemingly impos sible had been accomplished, is so beautifully expressed in her book "The Lady and The Panda," that an attempt to quote her at this point would be out of the question. The whimpering baby, who didn't weigh more than 2 or 3 pounds, nuzzled into Mrs. Harkness's jacket with such persistance that she and Quentin suddenly realized it was hungry! And the nursing bottle and dried milk had been left at the Base Camp. Back they started with their pre cious treasure--hardly able to realize ETHYL JVER'S [] ETC 22480 that in such a short space of time their task was finished. A canvas carrying case served as a cradle with one of Mrs. Harkness's flannel shirts to line it. The astonishingly child like way in which the baby took to the bottle with strange gurgling noises, was fascinating. The first night they were all awakened about 11 o'clock by its whimpering. There was no question as to what was the matter--the poor little thing was hungry! Preparing and heating a formula at that time of night in a small Camp filled with sleeping Chinese boys, was certainly an un usual procedure in the wilds of Tibet. However, the baby was fed and undoubtedly slept a great deal more soundly than its foster mother --until 5 a.m. when it demanded more nourishment. The youngster soon established her own feeding schedule and called for nourishment every six or seven hours. After lengthy discussions, the name Su Lin was definitely decided on. In the first place, translated from the Chinese it means "A Little Bit of Something Cute" which certainly seemed appropriate and moreover it was the name of Quentin's sisterin-law, a fascinating little Chinese lady who had taken such a personal interest in the expedition. When camp was finally broken up and everything was in readiness to start back to civilization, Su Lin was tenderly placed in a handwoven bamboo basket that Whang, the jovial fat cook had made especi ally for her. By the time the party reached Shanghai, they found that word of the success of the venture had spread with miraculous rapidity. Life in a hotel room with such a popular young debutante kept Mrs. Harkness on the jump every minute. Photographers, reporters, friends, complete strangers and a deluge of phone calls and cables, made her long for the peace and quiet of the Panda country. And of course the responsibility of Su Lin's care and feeding made an uninterrupted night's sleep an unheard of event. Finally after untangling yards of red tape, so that they might leave the country with such a valuable possession, permission was granted, but only after Quentin had been dis patched to the Mountains again to capture a Giant Panda for the Chi nese Museum. Standard Oil, The N. Y. Times and Herald Tribune re ceived more than honorable men tion in Mrs. Harkness's praise of their untiring efforts to remove the obstacles blocking her sailing with Su Lin. Life on shipboard and also at the New York hotel where they occupied a suite of rooms, was a continuation of the Shanghai festivities. With the healthy growth of Su Lin, things were becoming a bit complicated Taking honey from a spoon on hoard, ship. SEPTEMBER 1939 [13] etc 22481 and after considering offers from literally every comer of the uni verse, it was decided to accept that of the Chicago Zoological Society who wanted the rare and valuable prize for their Brookfield Zoo. Mrs. Harkness and Su Lin left for Chi cago on the Commodore Vanderbilt and on arrival'at the Zoo the baby was immediately ushered into her own private room, complete with trained baby nurse. In no time at all this adorable, mischievous little creature won the affection of every one she came in contact with. Her sense of humor was a delight and she kept the photographers busy with her amusing antics and poses. So sincere was the public's interest and admiration in Su Lin, that the Board of Directors of the Zoological Society decided to send Mrs. Hark ness on another expedition to secure a mate. This venture was likewise success ful insofar as capturing another live baby Panda, but it turned out to be the same sex as Su Lin! The new little cousin was immediately named "Mei Mei" which means "Little Sis ter." Then came the tragedy of Su Lin's death from bronchial pneumonia in April 1938. The Zoo received over 10,000 letters, telegrams and cables of condolence--poems were written in expression of sympathy--it was even suggested that a monument be erected to her memory. She had won her way into the hearts of everyone. Su Lin's body was given to science for research and only then was it discovered, to the astonishment of all, that Su Lin was a male, which meant Mei Mei was, also. A third expedition was organized and Mrs. Harkness was successful once more in capturing still another specimen. Unlike the others, how ever, it was miserable with human beings and showed no affection. Mrs. Harkness still has the scars on her arms, neck and shoulders from its claws, which, by the way, do not retract. Being an animal lover at heart she could not bear to see this unhappy creature yearning to get back to its natural home, therefore, after six weeks she returned it to its Tibetan Mountain habitat. Mrs. Harkness crossed many of these swaying suspension bridges. Made entirely of bamboo, there is not a nail or rivet in them yet their bamboo cables are similar to cables of steel. ETHYL, JYEWS [ H] ETC 22482 Old and New in Transportation Parade OR several years past, some was located there so it was possible FEthyl representative from the for the clinic staff to take advantage Tulsa Division has made it a practiceof the situation. A special meeting to attend the annual convention ofwas accordingly arranged for mem the Texas Motor Transportation As bers of the Association who were in sociation. The convention is held at Houston as delegates. Almost one various cities throughout the state hundred, representing the principal and this year Houston was selected truck and bus lines of the state, for the celebration. By coincidence availed themselves of the opportun it came at a time when Ethyl Motor ity to witness a demonstration show Clinic No. 5 of the Tulsa Division ing the advantage of proper tune-up. One of the highlights of the Con vention was a "parade of progress" featuring the History of Transpor tation from the ancient method em ployed by the American Indians be fore the days of the.early settlers to the most modem transcontinental bus. The accompanying illustrations show some of the all but forgotten conveyances of the past. A strange sight in the modem American city. 1 This primitive method was employed by the red men long before our forefathers came to this country. 2 The ox wagon was earliest mode of transportation of the pioneers who came to Texas. 3 Old type of chuck wagon used in Texas during the cattle days just before the Civil War. 4 A 19th century conveyance par excellence. 5 OH field wagons in use up to a decade asp. They hauled many miles of pipe line and loads of well casing. 6 The modem vehicle travels so fast the passengers can keep cool. SEP TE.TIBER 1039 [15] ETC 22483 Philadelphia Post Office Pioneers New Air Mail Service ATE mail history was made at the ./^Philadelphia postoffice and Camden Airport in July when East ern Air Lines inaugurated the world's first autogiro scheduled air mail service. Marking a dramatic though ex perimental change in the technique of expediting mail from postoffice to airport, and vice versa, the autogiro air mail service established by East ern Air Lines was another aviation pioneering move sponsored by the postoffice department. Capt. John Miller, Eastern Air Lines veteran autogiro pilot, was at the controls of the 'giro which took off from and landed on the "airport roof' of Phila delphia's ultra-modem postoffice, with the ease and lightness of a bird. Nearly 50,000 pieces of cachet mail were flown die first day over the six mile air course, the shortest air mail route in the world. The flights are only five minutes in dura tion and save much time over that required to transport the mail by motor truck. Far-seeing architects, in 1931, de signed the 100,000-square foot postoffice roof with autogiro mail service in mind. Recently die roof was de veloped into a modem, practical airport with complete two-way radio phone station, weather bureau, maintenance and refueling facilities permanently installed. The roof is paved with asphalt and is underlined with steam pipes to melt snow and ice in the winter. The Gulf Oil Cor poration constructed an exact re plica of the company's large aviation service gasoline tenders, in minia ture, for servicing the autogiro with aviation gasoline and oil on the roof airport. Thus Ethyl again plays a part in pioneering a new enterprise. Nearly 500 persons, prominent Philadelphia citizens who cham pioned their city as the scene for the experimental autogiro mail service, and government officials partici pated in and witnessed the inaugural ceremonies. In commenting on the significance of the new autogiro route. Captain (Continued on page 20) A specially constructed miniature gasoline tender fuels the Autogiro on the roof of Philadelphia's Post Office. Eastern Air Lines Autogiro mail plane a few seconds after completing its in augural flight from the roof of Philadelphia's Post Office. L. to R. Jos. F. Gallagher, Phtia. postmaster; W. W. Howes, 1st Asst, post master general; Capt. Eddie Rickenbacker and pilot, Capt. John Miller. BTUYJL J*'JEWS f i6] ETC 22484 New Type Truck Shows Efficiency FFICIENCY and lower opera Oil and Refining Company with re E ting cost are now made possi fined fuels consigned to United Co ble by a new type dual-purposeoperatives, Inc. in North Kansas City. transport truck especially designed This dual purpose job is the only for the Consumers Cooperative one of its kind being used by the Association of North Kansas City, wholesaler who owns and operates Missouri. It has recently been put a fleet of some 16 trucks and trans on the run between North Kansas ports. The hauling capacity of this City and McPherson, Kansas. unit is 2800 gallons of refined fuel The unusual piece of equipment and 20,000 pounds of freight. The is constructed with an upper carry over-all length is just under 35 feet ing deck and a lower closed com which is the maximum allowable partment. On the trip to C.C.A.'s and the body alone is 24 feet 9 warehouse in McPherson, the deck inches. Weight of the tractor is is loaded with grease, oil, tires and about 6400 pounds and the tanks various other commodities which weigh 10,000 pounds or a total are to be distributed to the several weight unloaded of about eight and local cooperative associations there. a quarter tons. The truck is an In For the return trip the closed com ternational and the transport and partment beneath the deck is loaded deck were built by the Columbia at the McPherson plant of the Globe Steel Tank Co. of Kansas City. Ethyl's Superiority on Texas Highway Job N December 1938, the Tulsa Divi Houston field representative, J. M. I sion of the Ethyl Gasoline Cor Rollins, and the fleet engineer of the poration was requested by the Hum Tulsa Division, F. M. Jobes, definite ble Oil and Refining Company, to plans were made to convert some of give their agent at Bryan, Texas, the vehicles from the leaded regular Mr. W. F. Davis, some assistance in gasoline they had been using to converting a fleet to Esso. Esso. This account proved to be Cage It might be well to say here that Brothers and L. A. Turner, who this operation, like many others in were constructing a part of State Texas highway construction, was Highway No. 36 near Caldwell, peculiar, in that the contractor owns Texas, about 34 miles west of Bryan. no trucks but hires the equipment This concern is one of the largest needed, paying the operators an highway builders in the State. hourly wage and the owners, who in After one or two preliminary some cases are also the operators, visits and demonstrations by Ethyl's on a load basis. There were 32 trucks on concrete haul, at the time the test was run, the majority of them being 1938 and 1939 Ford V-8's of 85 H.P., though a few were 95 H.P. There were also four or five Chevrolets of 1937,1938 and 1939 model. Mr. Jobes spent two Sundays in tuning these trucks up for the pre mium fuel, being assisted by Mr. F. E. Devore, engineer with the Tulsa Division Clinic and Mr. L. S. Emanual, head of Humble's Baytown knock-testing laboratory. The work was done in February, 1939, after all trucks had run for two weeks on 9600-pound concrete haul using leaded regular gasoline. Some weeks afterwards another call was made and upon contacting the foreman, it was found that he was well pleased with the results attained. He said that while he did not have available detailed indi vidual cost records on all of the trucks, he did have a general sum mary which showed that before tun ing for Esso, gasoline consumption varied from 6.5 to 8 miles per gallon of leaded regular, whereas after the change, the mileage showed from 7.5 to 10 per gallon on Esso and engines ran noticeably cooler. The variation in mileages reported is caused primarily by mechanical con dition of the trucks and variations in road surfaces due to weather con ditions. It was estimated that the trucks on Esso averaged about one 9600pound load per day more than they would have had otherwise. This 9600 pounds of concrete, constitut ing a double batch for the paver, laid 6.16 lineal feet of highway, 20 feet wide and six inches Slick, plus inverted curb. Calculating roughly, using an even nine miles as the length, the ton-miles of haulage on this piece of road amounted to ap proximately 166,600. Furthermore after the weather cleared later in the spring and the majority of the trucks were on Esso, they paved at an average rate of two miles per week, which is something of a local record. Mr. Propst, the truck fore man on the job, is thoroughly sold on the value of Esso and stated that he would continue to use it in his trucks on all future jobs. SEPTEMBER 1989 [ 17 J ETC 22485 Ethyl Goes to South Pole on Strange Vehicle HE Snow Cruiser, which will be enough to get the unit into desired Tused as a moving base for the territory from any base that could Byrd South Polar expedition, is abe laid down by ships. specially constructed mobile labora The engineering details of the tory designed by Dr. Thomas C. Snow Cruiser were undertaken by Poulter, who is Scientific Director the staff of the Research Founda of the Research Foundation of the tion some months ago, as was the Armour Institute of Technology and selection of the necessary materials was second in command and Senior and equipment from which it is be Scientist of the last Byrd expedition. ing built. Upon completion, it will His knowledge of South Polar ex be turned over to the U. S. Govern ploration methods and conditions ment, which will finance the explor made it possible for him to incorpo ation and will assume responsibility rate, in this remarkable vehicle, fea for its maintenance during this per tures hitherto unheard of which it iod-turning it back to the Research is believed will overcome many of Foundation at the close of the ex the normal obstacles to be encoun pedition. tered. The Cruiser will carry four scien The airplane, although having tists into the heart of the Polar re the advantage of speed and making gion for a stay of many months, and it possible to see long distances, has it is expected that the trip will be many disadvantages such as the made with much of the ease and necessity of an elaborate base; the comfort that one experiences in driv digging out after the long winter ing a modem automobile down a night and need of protection in case boulevard in any of our cities. It is of storms. Then again, for long dis designed to combine all of the com tance plane flights, a period of only forts of home, is equipped with a about five or six weeks is all that is scientific laboratory and transports available. While tractors have been a five-passenger plane on its back. used, they cannot span large crevas The crew will be able to carry on for ses, and their cruising range is but a period of one year without con a few hundred miles. What is more, tact with the outside world. It will trips made with the type of tractor have a cruising range of 5,000 miles used heretofore, have proved that and a spee4 of 10 to 30 miles per its speed and accommodations for hour, depending on grade, surface the crew were entirely inadequate conditions and weather. In appear for continued operation on the trail ance it resembles a huge transcon and its cruising radius was not great tinental bus, 55 feet in length and The Snow Cruiser approaching a 15 foot crevasse preparatory to retracting front wheels so that the body may slide across. stands fifteen feet high on ten foot rubber tires. It will be able to span crevasses fifteen feet in width. Each of the wheels is mounted on the body by means of a hydraulic hoist which enables the body to be raised a distance of four feet at will--the wheels are individually steered, which makes it possible to turn cor ners practically in its own length and to move sideways at an angle. In negotiating a crevasse, the Cruiser will approach the edge, as shown in illustrations presented here. When the front wheels are near the brink they will be retracted so that the front end of the vehicle will rest on the opposite edge. Power will then be applied to the rear wheels to push the Cruiser across. As soon as the forward wheels have reached the far side, the rear ones will be retracted and the cabin raised on the front ones, power ap plied to them and the tail will be pulled across. The rear wheels may then be lowered and the vehicle will assume its normal cruising position. All this is accomplished due to the unusual power plant arrangement with an electric motor in each wheel, making it possible to apply power to one, two, three or four weels as de sired. It is expected to be able to JSTJBTM JVJER'S [18] ETC 22486 climb polar mountains with ease, and due to its construction and insu lation, should be able to ride out storms without special precautions. The airplane carried on its back can be unloaded and prepared for flight in ten minutes and loaded again in the same short span of time. One ingenious feature of the de sign of this "behemoth of the waste lands" is the means provided for handling of the unusually large tires with which it will be fitted. These ten foot tires, a yard wide, are the largest tires in the world. Each one The front wheels are up and its nose is propelled forward by power from rear wheels. is designed to carry a load of 10,000 pounds and will spread this load over a road contact area of twelve square feet in order to give sufficient traction. The tire changing problem will not be as difficult as may seem at first glance although each will weigh between twelve and fifteen hundred pounds. There will be a derrick arrangement on the top deck of the Cruiser which will be used to lift the cover off the tire compart ment. The tire will then be lifted out and swung into position for re placement. The hydraulic arrange ment on each of the wheels which The forward wheels now on opposite side take up the burden of pulling the cruiser across after rear wheels in their turn have been raised. makes it possible to raise the cabin of the Cruiser four feet above the ground in effect allows the Snow Cruiser to hold up its own foot for a new shoe. What is more, the crew will not have to worry about flat tires, change of pressure with change in temperature or altitude, due to a novel air pumping arrange ment. In each wheel will be incor porated a special device which, as the wheels turn, will pump air into the tires or let air out in order to assure proper pressure. This ar rangement will also take care of any The Snow Cruiser safely across with all wheels down and ready to continue. leaks which may develop while travelling, although it will not ob viate the necessity of changing and repairing tires. The cruiser is expected to be ready to leave Chicago sometime between the 1st and 15th of Octo ber. It will probably be driven over land to Boston, where it will be loaded aboard a government vessel for transportation to New Zealand. There it will be placed on a whaling vessel and taken into the Ross Sea area. After it has been unloaded at The five-passenger plane is easily carried on the 55-foot Cruiser's back. SEPTEMBER 1089 [I9l ETC 22487 Antarctica, the crew of four men, including Dr. Poulter and Dr. A. F. Wade, who has been appointed Chief Scientist of the expedition by the National Research Council, will proceed southward to the lowest point on earth--the South Pole. They will camp there, taking such scien tific observations as possible, for a period of three months, after which the Cruiser will proceed northward again to take on more supplies. Dr. Poulter will then fly back to Chicago and another man will take his place on the Cruiser, but he will not lose contact with the expedi tion, for he will be in constant com munication with them by means of a short wave radio set up in the Re search Foundation at Armour In stitute. The investigations will be carried on jointly by the crew of the Snow Cruiser and the crews at the bases. The Cruiser will be powered by a twin-motored diesel electric plant of 300 horsepower with a separate electric motor on each wheel--the plane will, of course, be operated on Aviation grade Ethyl Gasoline. Philadelphia Post Office (Continued from page 16) Rickenbacker said: "Eastern Air Lines is proud to be in the forefront ofthis progressive, pioneering move ment sponsored by the postoffice de partment to expedite the air mail to and from metropolitan postoffices. We firmly believe that the success of this experimental service will mean the inauguration on a large scale of similar services throughout the United States. We stand on the threshold of new and greater ser vices to be performed. This Month's Cover Gadsby's Tavern, at one time called the City Hotel, was George Wash ingtons favorite stopping place when he came up to the little city of Alexandria from Mount Vernon. Here in the ballroom, now owned by the Metropolitan Museum, were held his Birthday Balls, and from these steps in November, 1799, he reviewed the Alexandria Militia and gave his last military command. Has Served Ethyl 15 Years ARTHUR SORTMAN was bom jf\. November 13th, 1880 in Dayton, Ohio. He received his early edu cation in the public schools in that city. Art was married on March 3rd, 1901 and he and Mrs. Sortman are the proud parents of nine children. He came to us from the Dayton Pneumatic Tool Co., August 5,1924, in the capacity of superintendent of fluid blending. Manufacturing De partment. When this department was moved to the east. Art went out on the road with one of the first Ethyl Gasoline Corporation demon strators. He also took part in the blending of Ethyl Gasoline for the various divisions of General Motors. In March 1928 he was appointed to the position of Maintenance Engi neer of the Ethyl laboratory at De troit where he remained until De cember 1937 when he was trans ferred to San Bernardino to assist in the construction of the Engineer ing Laboratory. On completion of this work, Art took charge of the Maintenance Department, which position he now holds. The Sortmans are living in San Bernardino and have two of their nine children at home with them. Art's favorite pastime is deep-sea fishing. A Long Name HE name of MacAdam, the Tthrifty Scotsman who gave Lon don lessons in economical road building years ago, is one of the longest in highway history. It covers thousands of miles of highway on every continent. Macadam roads had broken stone surfaces which were bound together by the compacting force of iron rimmed horse drawn vehicles. With the arrival of the automobile, swiftly moving rubber tires suctioned out the compacting dirt between the stones and the roads began to disin tegrate. Engineers found that asphaltic binders made macadam roads suit able for motor traffic. As a result there are now many hundreds of thousands of miles of asphaltic mac adam roads in active service. Experiments are being carried further today. It has been found that more roads are ruined by water seeping in from below than from the wear and tear on the surface. An in jection of hot asphalt beneath the surface of a dirt road, working its way to the top was found to give it a water-repellent surface. Recent applications in Missouri and other western states have con vinced highway engineers that the new process may revolutionize mod em road building. The speedy trans formation of clay quagmires into smooth, firm, stable highways is speeding the day of universal lowcost road construction. Through the simple expedient of asphalt water proofing, quick construction of tens of thousands of miles of mudless farm roads are said to be now within the realm of possibility. Highways of the future will be built lighter as traffic becomes heavier, it is believed. They will be built in parallel or radiating lines to spread traffic and further safety. Fifty years from now, perhaps in twenty-five years or even less, pres ent processes will be so perfected that the top of a smooth dirt road will be painted with a new skin and an hour later it can handle traffic. ETHY'E .VfW*S [ 20 ] ETC 22488 NEWSBRIEFS Mary A. Stewart, Rose Brady, Bob Jordan's new secretary, Paul Toth, a new a graduate of Adelphi College, comes to us from the General Tire Com pany where she did secretarial work for comer to the Chemical Re- Garden City, N. Y., with a B.A. Degree, is a new member of Walt Resler's Statistical four and a half years. Rose attended the Theodore Roosevelt High School and re ceived her secretarial training at Our Lady's Institute in the Bronx, New York. Her fa vorite form of diversion is dancing. search Laboratory in Detroit, was bom in Crowland, Ontario, but has lived in Detroit Department in the ee for the past seven- Graybar Building. Being an ambi tious young lady, Mary is studying at Columbia University these summer evenings. Before joining the Ethyl family she was a Research Statisti cian for Standard Statistics which should give her a fairly good background for her work with Walt. Mary says her hobbies are piano play ing and copying other people's sketches. O William C. Shortt, who has been with the company since February in the Detroit Research Laboratory, is a graduate of the Cass Technical High School where he majored in chemistry. Bill plans to keep on >2*- teen years. He studied chemistry and metallurgy at the Cass Technical High School, gradu ating in January 1939, at which time he joined the Ethyl family as a temporary employee. On July 1st he was placed on the permanent payroll and hopes to con tinue his studies in chemistry by attend ing night school. Paul's hobbies are photography, danc ing and swimming. Cigars and candy greeted the staff of the Yonkers Laboratory on the morning of July 14th in celebration of the arrival of little Miss Nancy Lorraine Foster, second daughter in the Robert Foster household. She weighed seven pounds, two and a half ounces. Our very hearty congratula tions to Mr. and Mrs. Foster. e Checked first unloading operation Locher Refined Producing Company. Seven and three-quarter pound product up to stand ard male specifications. All tests satisfac tory. Ellis K. Locher Frank A. McCoy, who joined the Ethyl Gasoline Corporation in June, received his bachelor of science degree in chemical engineering from Montana State College, Boze man, Montana, in 1937, and his mas studying chemical engineering at night school. His favorite forms of amusement are swimming and diving. Ladies ant Gen tlemen! It gives us great pleasure to present a most \ charming young * lady who was pho- . tographed at the tender age of approximately two weeks. Her birth certificate indicates that she is none other than Claire Walsh Mercer; that she was bom on July 21st, 1939, and that she is the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Fritz Y. Mercer of Charlotte, N. C. But to you, her adoring public, she is "Suzy Junior." If she were just a little bit older you might think that the song "You're Bored When You're Adored" might have been written to her especially. We extend our admira tion and congratulations to the Fritz Mer cer's even though their daughter can't leave the bottle alone long enough to smile for the birdie! We're wondering whether it was modesty or the burden of domestic responsibilities that kept Casey Jones from sending us the following very important notice. After all he's the Boston Correspondent and it's a long time since we've had word of an addi tion to the Boston Infantry. On June 29th (almost 3 months ago) the arrival of Sylvia Blythe Jones brought the total up to three in .the Jones nursery. In spite of the delay, we offer our very sin cere congratulations to Casey and Mrs. Jones. ,,,,o Gordon Wilcox joined the staff of the Chemical Re search Laboratory in April of this year. He gradu ated from the Wayne University in 1932 receiving a B.S. Degree in Chemical Engi neering. Gordon came to us from the McAleer Manufacuring Company in Detroit where he was em ter's degree from the University of Michi gan this year. The Following ployed as a chemist. ft fr 9 5 Frank was employed as a production Mrs. Mabel S. Thompson, our new Recep Service AwardsS a apprentice for the General Chemical Com pany for a short time before attending the University of Michigan. He is interested have been made as of tionist on the 36th Floor of the Chrysler Building, was bom in Norwalk, Ohio. She is a graduate of the Cochran School, Yon e in all sports but prefers football, likes to fish and hunt, though his special hobby is September 1st, 1939 kers, N. Y., and studied at Barnard Col lege for a year, specializing in music, s doing inlay work with different colored 10 YEARS which is her favorite form of relaxation. e woods. Kenneth L. Armstrong Mrs. Thompson is another addition to our o Congratulations, Mr. and Mrs. Peter Burba Manufacturing, Baton Rouge list of Yonker-ites where she has been liv ing for the past twenty years. on the arrival of your daughter, Deanna Joan. Deanna, whose mother is known as Charlotte Ashton of our Accounting De partment, arrived on August 4th, weighing 7 lbs. 8 ozs. Her birthplace was the Cale donian Hospital, Brooklyn. We are delighted to report that father, mother and Deanna are doing splendidly. Herbert L. Nixon Kansas City Sales Harry Prince Detroit Engineering 5 YEARS Helen J. Meagher Boston Sales e*o I am seven and three-quarter pounds of shouting man and yell hello to you both and all my friends in New York. Mother and I are both well but you should see the old man. There is still some hope for his recovery. Ellis Kremer Locher, Jr. SEPTEMBER 19SB [21] ETC 22489 (ii Ui u- I ill rfj '. t i <i ti r;i i! I j. i' i :i r, ![ Many and fanciful are the tales of what the larger birds of prey--such as the Osprey pictured abovecan carry in flight. But when these legends are re duced to cold facts and figures, they seem insignifi cant. Ten or twelve pounds is about the limit for even an eagle, and then only for a distance of four or five miles. We suppose ten pounds is "good payload" for a bird ... it's been perfectly satisfactory bird per formance for thousands of years. But what is a satisfactory payload for an airplane? 15,000 lbs.? 25,000 lbs.? 35,000 lbs.? lb the engineer there is no such thing as satis faction. Today's performance is only something to be surpassed tomorrow... through refinement in design, engines and fuels. It is with this aim that Ethyl engineers are helping to develop tomorrow's engines and fuels. They, too, are never satisfied. c s V OCTOBER 1939 ETC 22491 i? A Driver's TEN COMMANDMENTS By Bishop George Craig Stewart I. fj|0U keep safety, first, ever before thee. II. ^0U j^ljali not make thyself a dangerous nuisance nor the likeness of anyone that grabbeth the road beside, and the road ahead and cutteth in and out of line. III. Qj&0U J>l|alt not take the laws of the state in vain for the cops and the judge will not hold guiltless him that taketh the laws in vain. thy brakes and tires and take curves slowly. the red lights and the green lights that thy days may be long in the land which the Lord thy God has given thee. VI. {pJOlt not kill. VII. {pTOU not stop abruptly. VIII. ^fllOU not steal--past a street car or bus loading or unloading. IX. not flash bright lights against thy neighbor. X. ^hoxt ^halt not shove-it, thy neighbor's car, nor his fen ders, nor his bumpers, nor his locks, nor his glass, nor any thing that is thy neighbor's. kirir.uani * '/* ETC 22492 tui Power and Heat--and Food? VERY person who lives in a civilized part of the world enjoys a richer Ei life because of petroleum. From the sluggish, smelly "crude" which pulses from oil wells all over the earth, more than 300 products are made which have become essential to modem living in some form or other. These petroleum products are woven so intimately into the fabric of our daily lives that we no longer even think of them as "petroleum products." We think of cooking gas, oil for the furnace, gasoline or oils and greases for the car, tar-surfaced roads, Vaseline and cosmetics and insect sprays and family medicines--objects familiar in their own right. Ethyl Gasoline Corporation Industry, of Course, consumes most of die things which scientists have learned to cook from crude oil. The greatest part of the 1,250,000,000 bar CHRYSLER BUILDING NEW YORK CITY rels of oil used in this country last year went either to lubricate or to furnish power for the machinery of transportation. Roads, many of them surfaced with tar and all of them built with gasoline-powered equipment, connect W. CARY HARRIS Editor Sunny River and Cedar Valley with Los Angeles and New York. Private automobiles roll half a trillion miles over these roads every year. At the same time trucks are hauling 60,000,000,000 ton-miles, while the bus lines RUSSELL B. WESTON of America are carrying passengers which number twice the population of the earth. NORTHROP CLAREY, Jr. Because of the variety of products which industry has come to demand Associate Editors from the oil business, a gigantic chemical industry has evolved. Research men predict that oil will soon be giving us paper, textiles, even food. Correspondents Yes, "oil" is a big business. Every year it contributes more than $4,000,000,000 to our national economy. $1,500,000,000 go to payrolls. J. A. Costello F. S. Cronin Atlanta Baltimore $2,000,000,000 go for royalties, bonuses and rentals--mainly to American farmers. $875,000,000 go to other industries for supplies and services; $260,000,000 go to the railroads alone for freight. $1,300,000,000 go for B. R. Jones Boston hundreds of different varieties of federal, state and local taxes. This vast A. B. Wyrick H. F. Dedo Chicago Dayton flow of money indirectly benefits every person in the land. Oil is, moreover, one of the staunchest bulwarks of our national defense. Nearly every U. S. Navy vessel built in the last four years is oil powered. D. S. Flynn Carl Abell Kansas City Los Angeles Even in peace time the Navy uses 8,000,000 barrels of fuel oil a year, the Army uses another million, the Coast Guard another 600,000. The Navy and the Coast Guard consume 350,000 barrels of Diesel fuel a year. Gov i R. L. Goltz New York ernment aircraft in 1937 used over 36,000,000 gallons of gasoline and a million gallons of lubricating oil. 1 H. Kuhe Tulsa If war should come to us all these figures would have to be multiplied J R. K. Scales Engineering Dept. many times. In the 1914-18 War, the oil industry mobilized with amazing L. Barnum Mfg. Baton Rouge speed. As an example, the number of refineries rose 170 per cent after 1914. Storage plants, tankers and other equipment were built so rapidly--and C. Wasserman Mfg. Deepwater this is high tribute to the organization of one of our largest, most complex, ! k J. C. Pope Gasoline Testing Dept. most competitive industries--that the enormous war demands were met with very little confusion while domestic needs were being supplied at the E. J. Nieser Administration Dept. same time. Hubert Fossett London THE MATERIAL IN THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRINTED PROVIDED DUE CREDIT IS GIVEN THE "ETHYL NEWS" OR ETHYL GASOLINE CORPORATION UNLESS IT IS A COPYRIGHTED ARTICLE Volume 6, Number 10 In This Issue A Driver's Ten Commandments Power and Heat--and Food? New Safety Glass for 1940's Cars Roscoe Turner and Ethyl Win Their 3rd Thompson Cup Let Your Truck or Bus Earn More Dollars Maintenance Problems of the Large Bus Company Jallopy Jamboree They Must Be Tough--Uncle Sam's Birdmen Building an Oil Tanker Ethylman Speaker at Annual Faraday Lecture This Month's Cover Ethyl Opens Graduate Training School Has Served Ethyl 15 Years Service Awards 99 Years from Now Won't Make Any Difference Newsbriefs Ethyl Motor Clinic Itinerary J r 'i ETC 22493 New SafetyGlass for1940's Cars Tests have been conducted by the Franklin Institute of Philadelphia and in laboratories and in the field, sponsored by five large companies. They are: E. I. duPont de Nemours Company, Carbide and Carbon Chemicals Corporation, Monsanto Chemical Company, Libbey-OwensFord Glass Company and the Pitts burgh Plate Glass Company. The results show that polyvinyl is four times as strong as its predecessors at 70 Farenheit, and ten times as strong at zero. The new plastic clings to the glass DISTINGUISHED group of Little does this smiling young lady A scientists and industrialists met realize the distorted view a rear seat at Toledo, Ohio, during August topassenger gets of her through the safety view developments which will be sheet glass. offered to the public in the 1940 car models. There they watched experi the advent of the closed car in the ments designed to show that safety earlier 1920's that the product was sheet glass in automobile windows used commercially to any extent. is a major cause of eye-strain. On This nitro-cellulose filler was little the other hand, safety plate glass different from the celluloid used in windows permit accurate vision, many articles in common use; such thereby eliminating strain of the op as toothbrushes, combs, etc. Al tic nerves. though the demand grew rapidly it Tests which have been conducted was far from being a satisfactory by Dr. A. H. Ryan, Chicago physi product as it turned brown and ologist and former professor at cloudy when exposed to sunshine Maryland University, Alabama State and the filler loosened with time and and Tufts College, indicate that weathering. Next came a cellulose safety plate glass affords a protec acetate filler, made from cotton and tion against eye-strain comparable acetic acid. This has, on the whole, to the effect of properly fitted glasses been considered quite satisfactory in correcting injurious results of de and has been in general use for the fective sight. Furthermore, of equal past eight years. In fact, its presence advantage is the greater strength of in the laminated glass of car win the new high test laminated safety dows is unknown to most laymen. plate glass. Both factors should have And now the new glass, which is ex a decided influence in reducing pected to be standard for many 1940 highway accidents and the injuries cars, will contain a filler of polyvinyl therefrom. acetal resin. The evolution of the "sandwich Six years of research and six mil filler" placed betwen two panes of lion dollars are represented by this glass, which is the principle of all high test laminated safety plate glass safety glass, has passed through which has been made available to three main stages. The first sub automobile manufacturers. More stance in .use was nitro-cellulose over, the development has been car which was the development of a ried on in such a way that the mo chance discovery about 1910, by Dr. torist receives the benefit of this Edouard Benedictus, a noted French safer, clearer product at no addi chemist. It was not, however, until tional cost to himself. Stretchability of new plastic filler, "Poly vinyl Acetal Resin," said to be 1939's outstanding contribution to safety, is attractively demonstrated by this comely model. ETHYL. JTEWS [2] ETC 22494 so well that no adhesive is required in asembling the safety sandwich. Polyvinyl is elastic even at low tem peratures and has the unusual qual ity of maintaining considerable ten sile strength after its elastic limit is reached. When a piece of the high test is broken by hammer blows the glass and plastic hold together so that the whole may be rolled up as one would roll a rug. When an object strikes the new safety glass hard enough to break it, the plastic stretches, thereby ab sorbing the energy of the blow and preventing the missile from entering the car. Should a passenger's head strike the glass due to a collision, polyvinyl provides an elastic efiFect which reduces the likelihood of a concussion or fracture. The requirements of ideal auto mobile safety glass calls for a prod uct free from the waviness of ordi nary sheet glass with its consequent warping of the vision of the driver or passengers, yet thin enough so that one caught in an overturned car can force his way out. This thin plate glass now in production fulfills these conditions. High test laminated safety plate glass has been evolved through the research efforts of hundreds of chem ists and mechanical engineers and its development is still another proof that coordinated effort in research is the best means to bring about in dustrial progress. A half pound steel ball failed to pierce the high test pane at right when dropped from height of 100 feet. Other types show effect when it was dropped from 20, 25 and 40 feet respectively. OCTOBER 1939 [3] ETC 22495 Roscoe Turner and Ethyl Win Their 3rd Thompson Cup COLONEL ROSCOE TURNER, one of America's most noted tion of Ethyl's help in a telegram to Vice President J. Coard Taylor: aviators and twice winner of the fa "Ethyl gave perfect performance mous three-hundred-mile Thomp again in my twin row Wasp, enabl son Trophy race, wrote a new page ing me to win the famous Thompson in aviation history on September 5th Trophy Race for the third time. Your at the National Air Races in Cleve oldest aeronautical user, land, by walking away with the Roscoe Turner" Thompson cup for the third time. When the Colonel stepped from He finished more than 10 miles his plane after beating the six other ahead of Tony Levier, who came in entrants, he declared that this race second. was the last of his twelve-year com- To win the race and the $16,000 . petitive career. prize, Turner flew his big aluminum "I've won the Thompson three Turner-Laird racer 282.536 miles an times, and I can't keep stretching hour. The ship was powered by a my luck," Turner said. "This is my Pratt and Whitney twin Wasp and last race. I'll be 44 this month. This fueled with Ethyl. The day after the is a young man's game. I'm going to race, Turner expressed his apprecia start a flying school in Indianapolis." Colonel Roscoe Turner and Al Bingham of Ethyl Gasoline Corporation exchange greetings at starting line as Colonel Turner's engineer, Don Young, fuels plane with gasoline of better than 100 octane number. ETHYL JVEWS [4l ETC 22496 Let Your Truck or Bus Earn More Dollars AS a result of research extending the test routes included a 21-mile , over a period of more than two climb between the elevations of years, operators of trucks and busses1400 and 4300 feet. On this part of may secure not only faster sched the route, running time was reduced ules but more miles per gallon by 15% to 17% due to the increase in through high compression. compression ratio. In a recently completed 95,000- mile series of road tests, conducted by the Ethyl Gasoline Corporation at their San Bernardino proving grounds, a heavy commercial vehi cle hauled the same loads from 7% to 8% faster, while using from 9% to 11% less fuel after the engine com pression ratio was increased to 5.65 to I from its original ratio of 4.45 to 1. The compression ratio was raised by installing new pistons and cylin der heads which increased the fuel octane requirement by about eight octane numbers. Some tests were conducted over highways of steep and moderate grades and others over routes composed entirely of light grades and level roads. Before comparative tests were started, the vehicle was operated for several thousand miles on a break- in schedule with each of the two sets of pistons and cylinder heads, in order to minimize differences in en gine friction. The ignition timing for maximum power and the carburetor adjustment for best economy were determined for each compression ratio, and the best settings thus de termined were used in the compara Such increases in accelerating and tive tests. (The carburetor adjust hill-climbing ability may be all-im ments which gave maximum fuel portant for vehicles limited in top mileage were found to be identical speeds over parts of the route by for both compression ratios.) legal or other restrictions or for Decreases in running time as great heavily loaded vehicles which must as the 1% to 8% values observed in increase their speed on hard pulls these tests may be extremely help to comply with new legal minimum ful to operators in meeting or beat speeds. ing competition when carrying pas Such cases provide the most ob sengers or freight on fast schedules. vious examples of benefits resulting Also of still greater value is the from the ability of vehicles to main effect of high compression in im tain better speeds, but the less spec proving vehicle performance under tacular advantages should not be severe operating conditions where overlooked. Every decrease in run speeds are low. For example, one of ning time required per trip also rep resents an opportunity for more trips per day, month or year. Each additional trip decreases the cost of insurance, taxes, drivers' salaries and interest on the investment which must be applied against each passenger-mile or ton-mile. All of these are benefits which re sult from faster schedules accom plished by any means, but when run ning time is improved by increases in compression ratio, there are accom panying gains in miles per gallon, as shown by the 9% to 17% increases in miles per gallon obtained in the San Bernardino tests. Since the anti-knock value of gas olines has been increasing for a number of years, and is still increas ing, the engine compression ratios of most vehicles in service and even of many now in production are sub stantially below the optimum values for today's fuels. Manufacturers therefore have two opportunities for improving the performance of their vehicles in the field. First, by sur veying the fuel requirements of present production engines in the light of available fuels, and Second, by supplying high compression re placement pistons or cylinder heads, together with the necessary infor mation on ignition timing adjust ments and fuel octane requirements, for equipment now in operation. It should also be noted that the power gains resulting from increases in compression ratio can be used to increase payloads substantially if there is a need for doing so, or to combine somewhat smaller increases in both load and speed. In other tests of this series at San Bernardino, it was found possible to increase payloads by 62% to 94% for operation at a given speed, as a result of rais ing the engine compression ratio from from 4.45 to 1 to 5.65 to 1. At the same time, there also were gains of 4% to 7% in miles per gallon of fuel. These tests represent another example of the continuous studies made by the Ethyl Gasoline Corpo ration, in cooperation with the oil and automotive industries, to im prove the performance of engines and fuels. OCTOBER 193 9 [5l ETC 22497 ' ,\ Maintenance Problems of the Large Bus Company THE bus operator, like every other company that sells trans the garage, this card is checked and any comments on bus conditions by portation to the public, whether itthe driver are investigated. be boat, railroad or air line, has The old idea of waiting until found that maintenance is an essen something breaks before repairs are tial part of its problem. An outstand made is now antiquated. Greyhound ing example is The Greyhound Man has found that it is less expensive to agement system with over 1,000 follow a definite repair program buses and key maintenance garages since road failures and road repairs at St. Louis, Chicago, Cleveland, are costly, not only in hours of labor Detroit, Pittsburgh, Syracuse--Buf but in loss of reputation with the falo, Washington, D. C., Philadel-' revenue producing passenger. phia, New York and Boston. Storage The maintaining of the coaches and routine maintenance units are coming under the jurisdiction of the also maintained at Scranton, Roch Maintenance Department of the ester, Indianapolis, Cincinnati and Greyhound Management Company, other points. requires the services of from 650 Haphazard maintenance methods to 700 men. This includes mechan passed out of the picture at Grey ics, bodymen, electricians, welders, hound a number of years ago and sheet metal workers, batterymen, today a record of each bus is kept painters, washers, cleaners, clerks, with a case history card much like store-keepers, foremen, etc. that used for a patient in a hospital. Through the courtesy of Mr. Wil After the bus has been returned to liam A. Duvall, Director of Main- 1 After discharging passengers at the end of every run the coaches are driven to the shops. There they enter one of two inspection lines and are washed with streams of water from high pres sure pumps. tenance of the Greyhound Lines and with the cooperation of Mr. B. Parks who is Manager of the Line's Long Island Maintenance Garage which has a capacity of 200 buses, Ethyl's engineers were permitted to make an inspection of these operations. The accompanying illustrations of fer a vivid picture of the work neces sary to properly maintain a Grey hound bus and thus assure the safety and comfort of their passengers. ETHYJU .Vf H*S [6] ETC 22498 n. 2 Leaving the wash rack the bus moves 3 While on the inspection pits, coaches 4 Batteries are checked for loose ter along the line for body inspection. At are greased completely. In this particu minals and condition of charge and f this point it is closely scrutinized for lar shop over nine thousand pounds of then filled with water and replaced in i any scratcnciy "Jents or other defects chassis, transmission and differential the coach. Modem coaches make extra which might detract from its surface lubricants are used each month through demands on electrical systems because appearance. out the year. of the air conditioning system. i. s r> 1 $ 5 All chassis and body bolts are in spected and tightened. At the same time inspection is made of the condi tion of springs and spring mountings. Notations are made of any weak or broken spring leaves. # In keeping with the modem trend in transportation, Greyhound have in stalled equipment to cool and filter the air in many of its coaches. These units, powered by small gasoline engines, re ceive a thorough inspection. 7 Engine condition is carefully checked to make sure that all units are function ing properly. Thus many costly road delays are prevented by removal of weak or unsatisfactory parts which would cause mechanical failure. ) t ( i 8 Near the end of inspection line fuel tanks are filled and oil level is checked. Oil filters are cleaned and oil is changed when records show that the required mileage for this operation has been reached. OCTOBER 1939 [71 9 During each operation on inspection line, records are kept and notations made of condition of all parts to be changed or repaired. These slips are placed in a holder for the information of the Repair Department. lO Since it is difficult to jack up a bus while over an inspection pit, wheels, wheel bearings and brakes are inspected and reconditioned on repair floor. At this time a complete check is also made of the steering mechanism. ;i ;i i ETC 22499 i ^inimM!iminnfi)n|un;n;;' I 1 tt t 11 Tires are inspected and faulty ones 12 In changing tires, small bits of 13 On the repair floor faulty units it i i< removed. Spares are kept in racks to gether with service and mileage record. If inspection shows carcass good but paint are aften knocked loose. In such cases the entire wheel is scraped and then repainted to improve appearance noted on inspection slips are removed and replacements made. Men thor oughly familiar with each unit will re tire worn smooth, it is re-grooved be and prevent rust from forming which pair and recondition them before they fore being placed in stock. would tend to weaken the wheel. are placed in stock for future service. f 14 A complete engine overhaul is per formed at definite intervals depending on mo lei of engine and type of service encoui tered. However, these periods are an tnged so that other major re pairs m }y be made at the same time. 15 Valve grinding and inspection of en gine bearings, timing gears, oil pumps, etc., is, in general, based on mileage. However, actually intervals of inspec tion are determined by records show ing expected life of the parts. 18 All transmissions and differentials are reconditioned on a mileage basis. As in the case of other units they are removed at any time a defect shows during operation and replaced by a new or reconditioned part. :a ;I I 17 A department recently established, repairs and reconditions engines, com pressors, cooling coils and fans of air conditioning units, which have been installed in buses to insure maximum passenger comfort. 18 Bodies are covered with a light al loy material of high tensile strength. This reduces weight, thus allowing in creased economy and performance. Necesseary repairs are usually made by replacing an entire panel. 19 All scars and scratches are re painted in a modem and complete paint shop. As each bus leaves the ga rage for its next run, it is in good me chanical repair and presents a neat and finished appearance. ETMYL, A'EWS [8] ETC 22500 I At the Del Paso Country Club in Sac ramento, the Committee demonstrates the jallopy-wrecking activities. THE old saying that there is to the day set, the committee had "nothing new under the sun" ascertained that the junk men would was pushed out the back door whenmake a flat allowance of at least $5 the Sacramento Motor Car Dealers for the jallopies, so an afternoon Association staged a Jallopy Jambo and evening of entertainment was ree recently and thus initiated a planned to cost $5 per person, and unique idea that bids fair to take to consist of refreshments, luncheon hold in the automotive trade circles golf, dinner and entertainment. all over the country. The invitations were issued prin Some time back, when members cipally among persons engaged in of the Association were casting the allied automotive trades such as about for some new activity to re tires, accessories, finance compa new the interest in Association do nies, banks, etc., and officials and ings and trying also to find a means prominent men about town. Factory to cooperate with the Sacramento men heard about the affair and sev Safety Council in the annual Safety eral were said to have come from Week, Ellsworth Harold, local Ford Seatde, Portland, Oakland, San Dealer, conceived an idea that im Francisco and Los Angeles for the mediately took hold. event. The dealers issued invitations to When the appointed hour arrived, 150 guests for a party at the Del not very many of the 150 invited Paso Country Club, but to be ad had failed to procure jallopies and mitted each guest must drive a jal report for the parade scheduled lopy, to be purchased at not more through town en route to the club. than $10 and as much cheaper as Most of those who did stay away possible--the seven miles from town did so because the supply of $10 to the Club. Furthermore, they must jallopies ran out. Everyone entered present a pink slip of ownership to into the spirit of the occasion so that be cancelled on die spot by repre there was no desire for evasion. It sentatives of the State Motor Ve was great fun for the oldsters to don hicle Department, to guarantee that old clothes and nurse the old wheez- the car never again would be run on ers and rattlers in the parade. Some the highway. of the cars were 20 years old and Arrangements were made for represented trade names that have crews to be on hand with sledge passed out of existence. hammers to break up the jallopies The start of the ancient cars was into junk and for junk dealers to be from a pioneer spot--Sutter s Fort, present to bid in the remains. Prior established in 1839 by Captain John A. Sutter when he founded Sacra mento. Headed by a motorcycle es cort and E. Raymond Cato, chief of the California Highway Patrol, the old cars noisily and uncertainly moved off to the heart of the busi ness section, and then out an arterial street to the club. All along the way crowds formed and cameras clicked. There was much laughter and jok ing. On the sides of the cars were written such appropriate things as "I've got a rumble full of dreams," "Financed too much," `To the bone- yard," "My last mile," "I'm headed for the last roundup" and "Bom twenty years too soon." There were no mishaps, but more than a dozen of the cars gave up the ghost en route. However, the deal ers had foreseen this and had spaced tow cars along at suitable intervals, so when a car dropped out a tow car picked it up immediately and kept it in the parade. The seven mile run was made in the remarkable time of twenty minutes, although the party schedule called for an hour. In the jallopy auction the bidding of the junk men exceeded the ex pectations of the committee and an average of better than $6 per car was realized. Before the day was over the Jal lopy Club of America was formed, and each person present signed a scroll as charter member, agreeing to meet under similar circumstances once each year and to eliminate at least one jallopy from the roads each time. Factory men and finance men present seized the opportunity to carry the idea and chapter charters from the meeting for the organiza tion of Jallopy Clubs throughout America to hold similar events. The stunt was so unusual that the newspapers recognized prime news interest and carried considerable advance publicity, spot coverage and follow up pictures and stories. It was the case of an idea with the proper work behind it and an en thusiastic spirit in its execution that had brought something new into the field of safety and automotive trade activities. Courtesy News & Views OCTOBER 103 [9l ETC 22501 They Must Be Tough-Uncle Sam's Birdmen COLLEGE students have taken It's a busy nine months, with a to the air. And with a purpose program to incite the envy of the --for it's from the colleges that aretoughest curriculum-builder. Morn coming most of the young men who ings devoted to flying -- primary, are being trained by Uncle Sam to basic, advanced, acrobatics, forma build his air force to an effective tion, cross country, night--with ships weapon of defense. College men ranging from the tiny P-12 to the make good flyers and good officers mighty bombing craft. Academi and for their part, are finding a fu cally, the program is even more im ture in aviation. posing -- courses in aerodynamics, Practically every college and uni engines, instruments, airplane rig versity is represented in the groups ging, machine guns, bombs and of flying cadets who are being dis bomb racks, radio, maps, military in patched to Air Corps flying schools. telligence, logistics. Then follows up Three months primary training un to seven years active duty, if so de der Air Corps supervision, at se sired, with a tactical unit where the lected civilian flying fields, three young officer serves with a squadron months at Bandolph Field and a at one of the many fields scattered final three months of advanced fly over the country. ing at Kelly Field prepares the stu It's a big order, this expansion dent pilot to receive his wings and program of the Air Corps, but it has a commission in the Air Reserves. brought opportunity for the college A slow roll is one of the many acrobatic maneuvers the flying cadet must mas ter. 5,000 feet below lies Randolph Field. man who wants adventure along with success. The flying cadet's life is rich in memories; friendships built on the flying line and in barracks and that never-to-be-forgotten moment when an instructor slaps a cadet on the back and says `Take it around yourself this time." Under the present program, ap proximately 300 cadets are receiv ing orders at specified intervals. Pri mary training is being conducted at such schools as The Chicago School of Aeronautics, Glenview, Illinois; Parks Air College, East St. Louis, 111.; Spartan School of Aeronautics, Tulsa, Okla.; Dallas Aviation School, ETHYL JVEfYS [ 10] ETC 22502 "All right, let's take off and climb to 5,000." With the two-way electrical in terphone system the instructor directs the student flyer. Dallas, Tex.; Alabama Institute of Aeronautics, Tuscaloosa, Ala., and the Lincoln Flying School at Lin coln, Neb. Reporting at Randolph Field, the West Point of the air, at the close of his first three months, the flying ca det enters his basic training period at one of the most modem and com plete flying fields in the world. It is 17 miles from San Antonio, Texas, and has a population of over 3,000 officers and enlisted men. With Kelly and Duncan fields, just across the city, the plant comprises the Air Corps Training Center. Completing three months of flying, ground instruction and military instruction at Randolph, the cadet is transferred to Kelly Field for ad vanced flying training, including cross country, instrument and navi gation flights. Requirements for selection as a flying cadet calls for only two years of college, although many applicants have college degrees. Candidates must be unmarried male citizens, more than twenty years of age but not over twenty-six. The physical examination is necessarily very rig id, particularly as regards vision and the nervous system. For national defense, the Air Corps has set an objective of 6,000 airplanes, 3,200 pilots and 45,000 en listed men. In training both officers and enlisted men, the Corps depends on a number of other schools in ad- This three man crew have just success fully completed the first automatic air craft landing climaxing several years experiment at Wright Field. Several hundred have since been made. OCTOBER 1939 [ II ] ETC 22503 This giant bomber develops 4,000 H.T.and flies over 60,000 pounds for a still unknown thousands of miles. Its 110volt A.C. system involves seven miles of wiring. dition to the Air Corps Training Center. Both officers and enlisted men are trained in the two Air Corps Technical Schools at Chanute Field, Rantoul, Illinois and Lowry Field, Denver, Colorado. Here are located schools in photography, mechanics, communications, armament and ad ministrative duties. Lowry Field was opened new in 1938 and Chanute Field is being completely rebuilt. The Air Corps Tactical School is located at Maxwell Field, Alabama, on a site which in 1910 was selected by Wilbur Wright for the location of a training school. The Tactical School is more or less of a graduate school for the training center. Perhaps the best route for the aspiring student engineer exists through the flying cadets--to a re serve commission, active duty with the Air Corps, regular army com mission, study at the Air Corps En gineering School and then assign ment to the Materiel Division lo cated at Wright Field, near Dayton, Ohio. The history of the Materiel Divi sion dates back to the establishment, in 1917, under the Signal Corps, of a laboratory for aeronautical experi- Much precious flying time is saved by these blackboard lectures before taking the air for a practiced demonstration. ETHYL J\TEWS [i '-1 ETC 22504 ment, testing and research in order to provide adequate aviation equip ment for war purposes. During the 20 odd years of its existence, the Ma teriel Division has figured directly or indirectly in virtually all aircraft developments, commercial as well as military. Some of these studies with which the layman is less acquainted, have resulted in: Development of 100 octane fuel, in cooperation with the fuel indus try, which has resulted in increased power output. Perfection of an oil dilution sys tem and priming systems to facili tate the starting of engines in cold weather. Development of navigation and flight instruments which have made possible the first solo blind landing and the first automatic landing of airplanes by Air Corps officers. Improved photographic tech nique, new films, shutters and lens speeds, which have made possible photographing of points as far dis tant from the airplane as 331 miles and the ability to make photographs through fog by the use of highly sensitized haze penetration film. Flying cadets are paid $75 per month plus a dollar a day ration al lowance. Quarters are furnished, as are uniforms and flying equipment. After receiving a commission and while on active duty, the reserve of ficer receives the pay and allowance of his rank as second lieutenant. As a second lieutenant on active duty, the pilot's pay is $205.50 a month, plus an allowance of $40 per month for quarters, if the govern ment is unable to furnish housing. Advancement to first lieutenant comes at the close of the three year duty, with pay in this rank of $298.50 per month, plus a possible rental al lowance of $60. Reserve officers on active duty are permitted to take ex aminations for filling vacancies in the Regular Army Air Corps. During this fiscal year, 417 reserve officers will be tendered commissions in the Regular Army. If the officer returns to civilian life at the close of his three year tour, he is paid a bonus of $500. Courtesy U. S. Army Air Corps The Air Corps' new P-39 pursuit plane powered with a single Allison 12 cylinder engine rated at 1,000 H.P. Curtis Pursuit Plane with oppositely rotating duel propellers used in high speed experimental work by the Army Air Corps. A far cry from the present day bomber and fighter is this 1917 De Havilands with the famous American Liberty engine of war time memory. OCTOBEJR 1939 [13] ETC 22505 Building an Oil Tanker ( HIGH on a bunting-drapped plat fast the ship will have to travel and form, a woman fingers a bottle so on. Often the buyer's naval archi of champagne decorated with ribtects will have already drawn rough bons. Towering above her looms the plans and specifications. huge bow of an oil tanker, ready to Step by step, it goes something take the water. like this. The company's marine en A light blinks; the champagne is gineers and naval architects draw brandished in the air. There is a up specifications for hull and ma pop, a muffled crash of glass and a chinery, on which are based the rich drool of amber suds runs foam builder's plans and estimates. From ing down the fresh black paint of the preliminary drawings a miniature bow. Then a hush, an expectant floating model is made. There are pause, and--with a triumphant burst blueprints, about a thousand of of band music--the great bow slowly them; a Navy vessel will often have begins to move. Gathering speed, six or seven thousand. From these the ship slides down the smoking plans a half-model is built, for only ways and into the water. a model can show the true hull So another tanker is launched-- shape. On this half-model is drawn and months, perhaps years of plan the location of every hull plate to ning have come to fruition. For the be made--and when the huge sheets building of a ship really begins far are all cut, formed and punched for from the clang and clamor of a ship rivet holes, they are numbered to yard. A company decides it needs a correspond with those indicated on new vessel. It has a good idea of the miniature. what it wants-- where the ship is to Before construction is begun, be used, what kind of water it is to however, plans are sent to the U. S. operate in, what type of cargo is to Bureau of Navigation and Inspec be carried and how much of it, how tion and either to Lloyd's Register of Finished, painted and "dressed' with flags. A few speeches, a bottle of cham pagne and she will take to the water. Shipping or the American Bureau of Shipping, or to both. Okayed by government and insurance experts, the plans are sent up to the "mould loft"--where the designs are repro duced in full-size patterns, tem plates of each individual plate are prepared in full size from sheets of thin wood or heavy paper. These patterns go to the shipyard's fabri cation shop, where steel plates are cut to match them, rivet holes punched, frames bent to shape, and all structural pieces prepared for assembly. When the plates finally reach the men who put the ship to gether, even the rivet-holes in ad joining plates line up with each other. The first step of actual assembly is the laying of the keel. This is built up with plates of steel, to which the base hull plates are fastened. Be fore rivets are driven home, plates ETHYL, JfJBWS [ Hi are bolted together to insure per fect fit. With the bottom of the hull com pleted, a decking is laid and then bulkheads are set in place. The bulk heads--metal walls which divide the ship into compartments--are erected. More plates are attached with their ribs, or stiffeners. More decking is laid. Gradually the great hull be gins to take form, rising within the scaffolding that grows with it. Now let us look into one yard-- that of the Bethlehem Steel Com pany at Sparrow's Point, Md. Since early winter of 1936 eleven tankers have been launched from this yard and four more are now under con struction. First the keel and bottom plates are laid: then sides and bulkheads rise. OCTOBER 1989 [I5l At the Bethlehem yards the Frear sys tem of corrugated bulkheads is used to gain strength and save the deadweight of extra bracing. These tankers range in length from 442 feet up to 550 feet and over; from 64 to 75 feet beam with a draft up to 31 feet when loaded. Cargo capacity has run from 334 mil lion gallons to over 6 million; dead weight tonnage from about 11,000 tons to more than 18,000. In layout, all follow the traditional tanker ar rangement of cargo space amid ships, with engine and boiler rooms aft, quarters for the crew and engine room officers aft and a 'midships deckhouse for deck department offi cers, bridge, navigation space, etc. Engines are usually double ex pansion steam turbines, driving a four-blade propeller through double reduction gears. Depending on the size of the vessel, engines are de signed to deliver from 2800 to 4500 shaft horsepower, operating on 375 pounds of steam. Two oil-fired water-tube boilers are generally used. They are equipped with the latest economizers, superheaters and desuperheaters. Modem tankers built at this yard are equipped with "contra guide" rudders and propellers, for increas ing the "bite" of water each blade of the propeller can take. Most tankers are designed to make about 13 knots although several, with more than ETC 22507 Heavy Weather. As the ship shakes her nose free the foredeck is a fury of beau tiful water. Photo courtesy Esso "Ship's Bulletin" 13,000 shaft horsepower, will do up wards of 18 knots. The `midships section of a tanker, where cargo is carried, is simply one huge container with a deck over it, divided into 24 to 30 separate tanks by bulkheads running from top to bottom. There are generally ten "transverse" bulkheads athwartships and two "longitudinal" bulkheads running fore and aft, making enough separate compartments so that sev eral types of cargo can be carried at one time if necessary. Above each tank, a large, box-like "tank-top" rises from the deck, providing ex pansion space and access to the tank for cleaning or repairs. Tanks are vented by "riser" tubes running from these hatches, or tank tops, up to the mast. At the top of each riser are pressure vacuum valves and flame arresters. Pressure and vacuum gauges in each tank are connected to indicators on the bridge. Most of the tankers built at the Sparrows Point yards in the last three years were constructed with Bethlehem-Frear fluted bulkheads. These bulkheads are made from plates pressed into a trough-shaped section. Formed plates are welded together at intervals of about 5'A feet. This fluting of the bulkheads them selves does away with separate bulk head stiffeners; only the customary Loaded to her tank-tops and headed for home, across quiet water and a clear sunset. Photo courtesy "Texaco Star" plate webs are required for bracing. This system of bulkhead construc tion possesses many advantages over the conventional type. It is lighter, and so permits heavier cargo loads. As the fluted sides are not crossed by a number of bracing beams, they are practically self-draining. Corro sion failure--a serious problem in the maintenance of tankers--is cut to a minimum as the lighter construction also permits heavier scantlings in the parts most vulnerable to attack. Practically all bulkheads are welded, as are deck houses and en closures. Riveting is confined almost exclusively to the shell plating and upper deck plating amidships. On an oil tanker, particular atten tion is of course given to the matter of fire-proofing. Steel-faced panels with incombustible cores are used for bulkhead panels and wall sheath ing. Studding and furring is of metal, with all panel joints sealed and cov ered with metal strip. Even furni ture and fittings are largely of metal. All recent Bethlehem tankers have complete radio communication equipment, with a number of inde pendent receivers and transmitters, automatic SOS receivers and radio direction finder. Automatic alarms indicate burned out running lights, failure of oil supply, or other break downs. In these ships great efforts have been made to insure the comfort of the crew. In general they are quart ered two men to a room. Crews have their own mess and smoking rooms as well as the officers. Mechanical ventilation insures fresh air in all mess rooms and living quarters, even in heavy weather when no portholes can be opened. Drinking water? You'll find it at the "scuttlebutt," as in the days of wooden ships under sail--but today you'll find the "scut tlebutt" is an enameled electric water cooler. JTEVTS [ i6] ` *' ETC 22508 er i- Ethylman Speaker at Annual Faraday Lecture HE twelfth annual Faraday TLecture at Pasadena Junior Col lr Is d l1, lege was presented by Robert R. Mead, of the Pacific Coast Division of the Ethyl Gasoline Corporation. He spoke on the subject, "A Chemi cal Formula and 100,000,000 Horse power." The Faraday lecture is an annual i1. s a event sponsored by the Science and Mathematics Association of the Pasa dena City Schools. It was inaugu rated in 1928 by William D. Leech of that city, as a means of interesting high school and junior high school o s students in qualifying for work in research. Previous speakers have in cluded leaders in that field from col leges and commercial laboratories and have covered current subjects on either chemistry or physics. f Attendance is open to all junior high school students in the city and <3 a contest is held to determine which s student in each school has been able 1 1 to compile the best set of notes on the lecture. Of these five winners, 1 s the one adjudged to be the best also receives a capital prize. Mr. Mead's lecture was attended Mr. Mead describes the power of gasoline to Pasadena students attending Faraday Lecture. by more than 1200 students. He was also guest of honor at a dinner held prior to the lecture and attended largely by the faculty of the science departments of the various city schools. The Faraday Day Lecture re ceived prominent mention in the Pasadena Star-News, including a picture and biographical sketch of Mr. Mead himself who formerly at tended Pasadena High School and the California Institute of Technol ogy_____________________________ i*M-- n*l l ~ H=*Z^WIllWHWMB aM iaag| ' U K C I f t la s s a a 9 I'M.IIIUIIWimilllllilllimiU. This Month's Cover THE PHOENIX HOUSE - Built about 1800, originally as a young ladies seminary, this fine old build ing was run as an Inn by the Phoenix family--father and three daughters --for the rest of the nineteenth cen tury and into the twentieth. In its heyday it was a very fashionable 7 summer resort as well as a favorite i gathering place for the carriage folk The knock-testing engine arouses keen interest among students attending Faraday of the surrounding towns. Lecture. Ethyl's Robert R. Mead, at right with hand on machine, explains its purpose. OCTOBF.lt 1939 [I7l ETC 22509 Ethyl Opens ( tl Training c HE new training course for en gineering college graduates in m T! augurated by the Ethyl Gasoline Corporation started at Detroit in July with fourteen men, selected from seven universities, in attend ance, The course will extend over a period of one year, during which time the engineers in training will work in the Engineering Labora tories both at Detroit and San Ber i|; In making chassis dynamometer tests, this huge fan is used for cooling. nardino. It is the feeling of the heads of the Engineering, Manufacturing 4 * 1 and Sales departments that this fun I; , \ damental training will later suit the HI 'I candidates for a permanent position in these various departments, selec i|! tion being based on the individual !; i characteristics of each man. Plans call for the students to spend nine months in Detroit and three in San Bernardino working approxi mately a month at a time on the many projects and tests now being undertaken. This procedure will in sure adequate training in laboratory and road work with special empha sis on dynamometer tests, single cylinder engine studies and other related investigations which fre quently arise. In addition to this, every man will pass through the De troit Gasoline Testing Laboratory, where by actual work the character istics of and tests for a good gasoline will be learned. Beside such work prominent engineers will be invited to discuss with the group modem and pertinent trends in the automo tive and petroleum industries which will be supplemented with outside plant visits. Adequate thought and time will also be devoted to the sales end of business to insure a well trained and well prepared class ready to meet all situations regard less of final individual departmental assignments. Such work is further augmented with frequent and regu lar practice in report writing and public speaking. The training program is under the immediate supervision of Mr. R. R. JETHi'JL H'S [ 18 ] ETC 22510 Graduate School Faller, who brings to this new posi tion a wealth of knowledge and practical experience. Before joining the Ethyl Gasoline Corporation sev eral years ago Mr. Faller was an in structor in mechanical engineering at New York University, later en gaging in fuels research as a fuels engineer with the United States Bu reau of Mines. Since being with the Corporation he has also served as Division Automotive Engineer and for the last three years has been an Assistant Division Manager. The men forming the first Ethyl class are listed below, together with their home cities and universities: Merrill J. Anderson, Moline, 111. Augustana College & University of Illinois John D. Bailie, Upper Darby, Pa. Penn State Donald W. Bell, Tabor, Iowa Iowa State College & Purdue Douglas B. Blackburn, Park Ridge, N.J Cornell Fritz J. Bridges, Dearborn, Mich. University of Michigan Arthur S. Brown, Alton, Illinois University of Illinois Edwin A. Desmond, Dorchester, Mass. Penn State William R. Gall, Rogersville, Tenn. Univ. of Tennessee & Yale Frederick J. Hill, Connellsville, Pa. Penn State Arthur E. Huffman, Oklahoma City, Okla. University of Oklahoma Robert B. Ingram, State College, Pa. Penn State James M. Mason, Toledo, Ohio University of Michigan Walter A. Snow, State College, Pa. Penn State Elmer L. Tandrup, Chicago, 111. University of Illinois Every facility for fuel research is available in the Gasoline Testing Laboratory. Road tests are part of the course. Student is studying detonation from specially designed seat. OCTOBER 1S [ 19 1 ETC 22511 I I k i i* I i ! i `i , ii 11 i & ! i i i At an Ethyl Clinic Meeting held in Columbus, Ca., for the Wofford Oil Co. a short time ago, somewhat of an innovation was introduced in that the clinic walls were used for displays of Pure Oil products. The sign placed on the clinic table at the front of the hall which reads "We ain't mad with nobody" has caught the fancy of audiences and has been generally adopted by Wofford throughout their territory. Has Served Ethyl 15 Years The Following Service Awards OHN MEHRING, who has been J associated with the Ethyl Gaso line Corporation since its inception, was bom in New York City on have been made as of October 1st, 1939 March 24th, 1896. After graduating from high school he was employed by E. D. Arnold, Agent and affiliate of Standard Oil Company of New 15 YEARS John C. Mehring Treasurer Jersey. At the outbreak of the World War he enlisted in the U. S. Navy and served with the Transport Force 10 YEAJIS until December 1918. He then ac Lew Barnum Manufacturing cepted a position with the Midwest Refining Company in Wyoming but Walter H. Eh-ermann eventually returned to New York, where he entered the shipping busi Administration ness. In September 1924 he joined Harry Kuhe Tulsa Sales up with Ethyl as an Accountant, be ing promoted to Chief Accountant Marguerite V. McDonald in 1926, Assistant Treasurer in 1927 and Treasurer in 1936, which posi Administration tion he still holds. Dr. Leslie Schradin Mr. Mehring is considered an au thority on taxes, having made a spe Medical Adviser cial study of the subject. He is also Alice H. Wygand Manufacturing largely responsible for the establish ment of the accounting system used in this company. 5 YEARS Mr. and Mrs. Mehring live in Harold Soroos Chemical Research Wantagh, Long Island with their son. 99 Years From Now Won't Make Any Difference WONDER why folks worry. I There are only two reasons for worry. Either you are successful, or you are not successful. If you are successful there is nothing to worry about; if you are not, there are only two .things to worry about. Your health is either good or you are sick; if your health is good, there is noth ing to worry about; if you are sick, there are only two things to worry about. You are going to get well or you are going to die; if you are going to get well, there is nothing to worry about; if you are going to die, there's only two things to worry about. You are either going to heaven or you are not going to heaven; if you are going to heaven, there is nothing to worry about; and if you are going to the other place you will be so damned busy shaking hands with your old friends you won't have time to worry, so WHY WORRY? ee The codfish lays a million eggs, While the faithful hen lays one. But the codfish does not cackle. To inform us what she's done. So we disregard the codfish. While the faithful hen we prize Which only goes to prove. That it pays to advertise. Safety Topics JETIIi'I. JY IPS [] rrss NEWSBRIEFS Mr. and Mrs. Emanuel G. Staebler of Ann Arbor, Michigan, announce the marriage of their daughter, Doris Julia to Elmer Frederick Mahlke also ofAnn Arbor, on July 1st, 1939. The wedding took place at the Evangelical Lutheran Church and was followed by a reception in the church parlors. After a honeymoon at Vineyard Lake the young marrieds motored to San Ber nardino, California where they are making their home. The groom is a member of the Gasoline Testing Laboratory in San Ber nardino, having been transferred there from Detroit in May of this year. We extend our best wishes for their happiness. oo e We welcome William Joseph Doyle to the ranks of the Administration Department. Bill was bom in Rutherford, N. J., not so very long ago and lives in Englewood, N. J. He attended the Dwight Morrow School for three years and is studying science at night school. The following item comes to us from Deep water, N. J.: "In narrative fashion, we give you the Who, Where and When of our story and go so far as to draw our own conclusions regarding the Why. On August 26th, Mar garet E. Bailey became the bride of Paul Rostaing at the Pennsville M. E. Church, Pennsville, N. J. After the reception at the home of the bride's parents, the newly weds left on a motor trip through New York state. Margaret has been employed at the Manufacturing Department since August 1, 1936, acting in the capacity of secretary to Edward J. Gresslin, our Traffic Manager. For the time being, Mrs. Ros taing is continuing in our employ. Natur ally our congratulations and best wishes are extended to the couple. Unlike the narrative, the Why goes at the end of our story, and we guess it's be cause they were in love." ooe George William Geiger, a native of Brook lyn, N. Y., joined the Administration De partment the latter part of August. He attended Erasmus Hall in Brooklyn and this is his first office position. For six weeks this summer he was with an archaeological expedition in Arizona. George is keenly interested in aviation and wants to study aeronautics. Wallace F. Arm strong joined the staff of the Chem ical Research Laboratory on July 1st, 1939. He is a native of Can ada but has spent most of his life in Miami, Florida. He graduated from the Univer sity of Florida in 1938 with a Degree of Bachelor of Science in Chemical Engineer ing. During the following year he was em ployed at the University of Florida as a graduate assistant in Chemical.Engineer ing, at the same time working for his Mas ter's Degree. Wallace enjoys sports of all kinds, es pecially baseball and tennis. OO Nora Breshnan, who joined the Purchasing Department in the Greybar Building about a year ago, is leaving the Ethyl family to go to Hollywood. She plans to continue her studies in dramatic technique with Ma dame Maria Ouspenskaya, stage and screen actress. Nora has been studying in her school in New York for the past year and also was connected with her summer theatre at Peterboro, N. H. She hopes to come East again in a year or so for work in the theatre. Good luck to you, Nora! Ethyl Motor Clinic Itinerary Clinic Number 1 A. D. Martin, Manager 2 L. A. Dollahan, Manager 3 W. A. Newman, Manager 4 M. P. Murdock, Manager 5 H. E. Cottrell, Manager 6 E. L. Mason, Manager 7 M. Littlefield, Manager 8 R. J. Coveney, Manager 9 C. F. Naylor, Manager lO C. M. Berry, Manager 11 S. T. Pruitt, Jr., Manager OCTOBER 1989 [21] Division Los Angeles Chicago Dayton New York Tulsa Baltimore New York Boston Chicago Kansas City Atlanta Present Location Remains Approx. Los Angeles Permanently 977 W. 6th Street La Crosse, Wis. 10/22 Fair Grounds Wheeling, W. Va. 10/13 2109 National Road"" Syracuse, N. Y. 10/15 212 Burnet Avenue Austin, Texas 106 East First Street 10/6 Greenville, S. C. 10/4 414 S. Main Street Jamaica, L. I. 11/15 94-15 Merrick Blvd. East Hartford, Conn. 10/6 613 Connecticut Blvd. Jackson, Michigan 10/20 237 N. Jackson Street Pueblo, Colo. 11/1 814 N. Santa Fe Street Atlanta, Ga. 10/27 441W. Peachtree Blvd. Next Location Madison, Wis. Parkersburg, W. Va. Rochester, N. Y. San Antonio, Texas Columbia, S. C. Paterson, N. J. Waterbury, Conn. Battle Creek, Mich. Butte, Montana Jacksonville, Fla. Printed in U. S. A. ETC 22513 .Ml 1' ;\ i 11 ; . ' } i i "Wonder efn she needs high compression ? NOTHING short of a miracle could put real power and performance into the mountain boys' venerable jalopy. And high compression is no miracle. It is an accepted principle of increasing en gine power and improving fuel economy, used today by all truck and bus manu facturers in current engine models. The results of high compression in the engine are: Increased power from the same amount offuel, lower cooling water and exhaust gas temperatures and de creased average bearing pressures at high speeds, under which condition bearing punishment is greatest. The results of high compression on the road are: The abilitytohaulheavierpayloads, themaintenance offaster, more uniform schedules and decreased fuel consumption, or any combination of these. Both "high" and "low" compression are relative terms and depend on the anti-knock value ofthe gasoline generally available at the time the terms are used. Twelve years ago a typical engine had a compression ratio of 3.6 to 1. Today the average truck engine has 5.5 to 1. The difference is explained by the steadily increasing anti-knock value of gasoline, which has permitted corresponding in creases in compression ratio. When you buy better grades of gaso line from a reputable oil refiner or mar keter, you'll find other advantages besides high anti-knock value--low gum content, balanced volatility and the correct vapor pressure to prevent vapor lock. Ethyl Gasoline Corporation, Chrysler Building, New York, N. Y., manufac turers of anti-knock fluids (containing tetraethyl lead) used by oil companies to improve gasoline. > 1 4 J VOLATILITY should be balanced, for full power and beat economy. VAPOR PRESSURE should be adjusted to meet op erating conditions. GUM CONTENT should not exceed X of a gram (4 small drops) pergallon. ANTI-KNOCK VALUE should be high, at least 68 octane number. THE BETTER THE GASOLINE THE BETTER THE PERFORMANCE ETC 22514 I NOVEMBER 1939 ! ETC 22515 New Reactions Ethyl Gasoline Corporation CHRYSLER BUILDING NEW YORK CITY W. CARY HARRIS Editor RUSSELL B. WESTON NORTHROP CLAREY, )r. Associate Editors Correspondents J. A. Costello Atlanta F. S. Cronin Baltimore B. R. Jones Boston A. B. Wyrick Chicago H. F. Dedo Dayton D. S. Flynn Kansas City Carl Abell Los Angeles R. L. Goltz New York H. Kuhe Tulsa R. K. Scales Engineering Dept. L. Barnum Mfg. Baton Rouge C. Wasserman Mfg. Deepwater J. C. Pope Gasoline Testing Dept. E. J. Nieser Administration Dept. Hubert Fossett London THE MATERIAL IN THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRINTED PROVIDED DUE CREDIT IS GIVEN THE "ETHYL NEWS" OR ETHYL GASOLINE CORPORATION UNLESS IT IS A COPYRIGHTED ARTICLE Volume 6, Number 11 URE science is no longer the sole property and Pactivity of universities and academicians. Industry, accustomed to research as a vital activity, is more and more finding substantial value in pursuing investiga tions of the type formerly considered appropriate only to university laboratories. The results of these excur sions into pure science have not infrequently produced decided reorientations of scientific thought. Of such a character are the redistribution reactions Dr. Geo. Calingaert discovered in the laboratory of the Ethyl Gasoline Cor poration and reported to the ninety-eighth meeting of the American Chemi cal Society at Boston by George Calingaert. In its essence, this discovery consists in producing between certain classes of organic compounds the familiar metathetical reactions of inorganic chemistry. The classes of com pounds so far found to enter reactions of this kind are esters, metalloorganic compounds, and organic halides. These compounds undergo re arrangement in accordance with the laws of probability without absorbing or releasing heat when simply mixed in the presence of a suitable catalyst. Radicals, as well as atoms, interchange freely between different molecules in a manner similar to behavior of ions in solution, and the laws of mass action apply as strictly in one case as in the other. Since heat effects are not involved, the choice of a temperature depends upon the desired speed of the reaction and need be little, if any, different from that of the room. Organic chemists are provided with a new tool for the solution of many of their problems by these reactions, which avoid thermal decomposition and the intricacies of free radicals. Already preliminary results point the way to new syntheses of mixed compounds of both scientific significance and industrial value stemming from this research. What secrets of Nature it may ultimately unlock cannot be foreseen, but the importance of this key to the behavior of organic radicals is undoubted. One easily recalls the baffling complexities of the aging of wine, whisky and brandy among the many probleats laid on the shelf for want of an effective key to their solu tion and noK:ailing for re-examination. Industrially, new efficiencies in the preparation of certain types of organic compounds are within vision but of possibly greater immediate significance is the indication that organic halides can be used as brominating agents. Transporting bromine, practically requiring glass containers, is expensive and the use of this element under most circumstances involves losses through low yields and oxidation of both raw material and finished product. Ethylene dibromide, containing some 85 per cent bromine, can be used as a brominating agent through distribution with an organic chloride of the desired type and thus becomes in effect the equivalent of bromine itself. Ethylene dibromide is normally inert and can be handled and transported Continued on page IS In This Issue New Reactions American' Built Planes Sensation on Allied Front Noted Scientist Says America Could Supply World's Petroleum Needs The Mariners' Museum Ethyl Motor Clinic Itinerary Stethoscoping the Bus Combined Efforts of Oil and Automo tive Industries Promote Better Motor Performance Battle of Tractor Giants Looms for 1940 Sealed Beam for Night Driving Business Man Views a Thresher For Safety's Sake on New York High ways Syracuse Auto Races This Month's Cover Introducing Class of 1939-1940 Has Served Ethyl 15 Years Newsbriefs Service Awards ETC 22517 The Curtiss Dive Nineteen Thirty Nine American Built Planes Sensation on Allied Front ARECENT news item from an Associated Press correspondent with the allied armies on the West ern Front, reports that French offi cers say one of the sensations of the War has been the performance of the Curtiss pursuit planes bought in the United States. One estimated that these planes with French pilots had brought down a large numbgf of German ships with a loss of cfy a few of their own. However, planes now being built for the U. S. Army, it is said, surpass the Curtiss Pursuit ships described by the French officers. This author ity, who prefers to remain anony mous, states that a later Curtiss Pur suit development now in production is believed capable of a speed "at least 50 miles an hour in excess" of those being used by the French army. Nearly $14,000,000 worth of the new type known as the P-40 are be ing manufactured for the U. S. Army but the exact number has been kept secret The French planes, of which 200 were built here, are said to be capable of attaining speeds in excess of 300 m.p.h. It was in a plane of this type known as the Hawk 75-A that Curtiss's chief test pilot Lloyd Child, traveled faster than any other human being. In making a test for the French Government, Child climbed his plane to 22,000 feet over Buffalo air port. He was not out to make an altitude record but rather to prove to the satisfaction of these officials that the airplane could and would stand a fullterminalvelocity dive. As the required altitude was reached. Pilot Child rolled the Hawk 75 on its back, pulled the stick and pointed the nose directly toward the ground. The speed began to rise. After a fall of 5,000 feet, the needle on the Air Speed Dial had reached over 500 m.p.h. -- thereafter he discontinued looking at it because he had other more important observations to make-but in the rear of the plane was a set of French Recording in struments, carefully calibrated and adjusted, which were to give a true and complete record of the dive. As the distance of the fall reached 6,000 feet, Child eased the airplane out of the vertical dive, continued de scending and landed at the airport. French Engineers, aided by per sonnel of the Curtiss Aerodynamics Department, removed the instru ments from the rear of the plane, took the photographic sheet from the Airspeed Recording instrument and developed it. To their surprise, though no less to the surprise of Pilot Child, they found that the in strument had given an actual record of 575 m.p.h. vertical speed, after which time the beam of light which was recording the acceleration had proceeded off the top of the photo graphic record. The plane had gone faster than ever the engineers had reckoned for. This was not a flight intended to make aviation history nor was it a flight in the stunt status, but was simply intended to prove to the sat isfaction of the purchaser what stresses a modem pursuit airplane could stand at high speed. To the press of the nation it be came news; to the French govern ment a matter of extreme satisfac tion. It had been proven that Curtiss Pursuit planes could at least equal and more probably out-dive other airplanes which the world has known and that they were capable of maintaining this speed with no perceptible change in flight charac teristics and with no noticeable ef fect on the pilot. Yes, to the nation it became news. For days headlines carried stories and articles, opinions and engineer ing data relating to the flight. H. Lloyd Child was hailed as "the world s fastest human being." This was all without question of extreme interest to the public --but to the men who were flying airplanes of this type, it meant simply that an extra factor of safety had been proven. ETM1TE JVEWS [2] ETC 22518 m. to ne Noted Scientist Says America Could Supply in- ad ue World's Petroleum Needs 00 AT a dinner which was recently ut Xjl held at the Petroleum Industry ;e- Exhibition at the New York Worlds rt. Fair, Dr. Gustav Egloff, prominent r- petroleum scientist, assured those cs present that the United States has u- enough oil resources to produce suf e, ficient gasoline for all the high speed m planes in the world during peace or 8 at war times. Of particular significance J e, was his statement that the crude oil of production of Russia, Poland, Ger n- many and Rumania amounts to only d 260,000,000 barrels a year which is or less than one-quarter of the annual h production of this country. More .d over he asserted that without great )- difficulty, America's present output ie d could be increased so that it would equal the entire world's production. Dr. Egloff spoke before a group .4, ill S) o a is . of scientists and technologists who, because of their outstanding work in petroleum were being honored by the industry. The occasion marked Left to Right seated: Dr. Ales Hrdlicka, curator. United States National Museum; t- the celebration of the 80th anniver Thomas H. Taylor, chairman of the executive committee of the Petroleum Indus it sary since the first oil well was try Exhibition, Inc.; Dr. Gustav Egloff, prominent petroleum scientist. Standing, e drilled at Titusville, Pa. Other speak left to right: Dr. Graham Edgar, of the Ethyl Gasoline Corp. and S. W. Ferris, ers were Dr. Ales Hrdlicka, curator chief chemist of the Atlantic Refining Co. of the United States National Mu seum and Mr. Thomas H. Taylor, chairman of the executive committee of the Petroleum Industry Exhibi tion. "As the result of energetic re search and scientific endeavor^ Dr. Egloff said, "the American oiipfdustry today is able to supply the entire world with petroleum and its prod ucts for years to come. The develop ment of high-octane gasoline used for high speed planes is definitely the work of the scientist and tech nologist of the United States. "An enormous amount of research work has developed lubricating oils of the highest quality which makes it possible to operate our high com pression aviation engines of 1,500 H.P. and higher. Without these lub ricating oils able to withstand ter rific heats and pressure, America's aviation leadership could never have "The fifty-two passenger airplanes of today driven by four 1,500 H.P. engines with cruising speeds of bet ter than 230 miles per hour will not alone be lubricated by synthesized products but also fueled by 100 and even higher octane gasolines. Inten sive research at great expense is go ing on to develop fuels and lubri cants for aviation engines of 2,000 H.P. and higher, which will hurtle ships through the air at even greater speeds than those obtained today. "The greatest single contribution to the development of the American oil industry has been its scientific research which leads the world," Dr. Egloff said. "Science had developed products from petroleum which touch every phase of man's exist ence. It has constantly improved the quality of petroleum products while reducing their cost, as illustrated by gasoline has dropped sixty-six per cent during the past twenty ears." Among those who attended were: F. Trubee Davison, Board of Direc tors, New York World's Fair; Earle W. Webb, President, Ethyl Gasoline Corporation; Dr. Graham Edgar, Vice President in Charge of Re search, Ethyl Gasoline Corporation and originator of the Octane Num ber Scale for measuring the anti knock value of fuels; H. D. Frueauff. Vice President, Cities Service Oil Company and a Director of the Petroleum Industry Exhibition, Inc.; S. W. Ferris, Chief Chemist of the Atlantic Refining Company; D. T. Pierce, Assistant to the President, Sinclair Refining Company; E. E. Puryear, Assistant to the President, The Texas Company; and Dr. J. B. Rather, in charge of general labora tories at Socony-Vacuum Oil Com f! been evolved. the fact that the average price of pany. JYOVE.T1BER 1930 [3l ETC 22519 The Mariners' Museum URING the annual migration to assembled. The graveled walks lead D Florida, which will soon be ing to the main building are "fenced" getting under way, many who travewl ith massive anchor chain; brass by car make a point of going by waycannon 200 years old, bearing the of Williamsburg, Va. By this route arms of Philip V and Ferdinand VI at the junction of U. S. 60 and 17 of Spain, flank the entrance. At each above the James River Bridge, one side of the doorway is a huge anchor will find the Mariners' Museum lo and a dozen others gathered from cated at Newport News. It is a de many shores stand along the front. lightful spot and for those interested Two of them had been buried nearly in the sea, 60 minutes may be well a century at Halifax, on the coast spent viewing one of the finest col of Nova Scotia. Another is a great lections of its kind to be seen. 18th century mooring anchor from On the massive bronze doors of Port Royal, Jamaica, the stronghold the Museum the following inscrip of Morgan, Kidd and other freeboot tion greets the eye: ers; the chain of this is hand forged "This museum is devoted to the with links each three feet in length fulture of the sea and its tributaries, and a ring large enough for a man its conquest by man and its influence to pass through. upon civilization." The main room of the Mariners' The visitor, impressed by the scope Museum is dominated by a large and ambition of this aim, might carved eagle, the figurehead from wonder how any collection of mis the old U.S.S. Lancaster. With a cellany could begin to cover such wingspread of 18 feet, this is the an extensive field of interest --but finest bird figurehead in existence, when he sees the museum itself, he carved by the hand of the incom begins to wonder instead how such parable Bellamy. Along the brick a collection could ever have been walls of the room are 24 other figure heads from the bow of many a fine ship: the Bear of Oakland, the Co lumbia, Lady Edmonton, Coriolanus and others. All have dipped in the brine of heavy weather and dried under the sun of seven seas. The museum has many beautiful scale models, several built to quar ter-inch scale in the museum's own model shop. There are models of sailing ships from many lands, early steam and modem steam, the Moni tor and Merrimac and other naval vessels, luxury liners and a warcamouflaged merchantman. There are working models of reciprocating steam engines and modem turbines. Instalments of navigation are on display, from astrolabes and early Davis quadrants right through noc turnals and ornate brass quadrants of the 18th century to die "Iron Mike" of today. Another section re veals a fine display of scrimshaw, the sailor's art in the days of whal ing. With a piece of whale's tooth or vertebra in their hands the Yan kees would pass idle hours carving ETMYJL JVEWS [4] ETC 22520 J i ( sne So ltis he ed :ul .irvn of i rly : al \rre ng 3S. on ly >c- \ its m ew, ilth n``g ivory cane heads for days ashore, bone ship models or jagging wheels for crimping the rims of their wives' apple pies. There is also a full-size whale boat, completely equipped with the hundred items they car ried. Nearly a hundred years of de velopment went into making these boats about perfect for their task-- they were light to handle, quick as racing shells, yet springy and strong for sloppy-weather launchings when the mother boat was under full sail, or for the rigors of a "Nantucket sleigh ride" -- that thrilling dash through the spray with a taut line humming at the bow of the boat and at the other end of the line an escap ing whale with a harpoon deep in his back. There is much material salvaged from ships sunk in 1781 at the siege of Yorktown; cannon and shot, huge one-piece wooden blocks with sheaves and heavy pins of lignum vitae. There are glass bottles which have taken on beautiful iridescent hues from their bath of a century and a half. The brilliantly blended tints of this glass often vary with changes of weather. Visitors interested in marine art will find a collection of over 2,000 prints and engravings. Approximate ly half this number are prints of harbors and great ports in humble beginnings. Many are shown in suc cessive stages to modem develop ment, a preservation of the history and progress of the harbors of com merce throughout the world. In American prints practically every seaboard city is portrayed. There are prints of naval scenes and battles, early ship building and launchings in the days of sail. Oils by the brush of artists inspired with the love of the sea contribute fine paintings to delight the eye of the marine en thusiast. The library of the museum Jras a collection approaching 20,000 Tolumes efficiently classified and readily accessible. Books which date from 1518 are available for students or writers of marine subjects and for technical research and books with endless tales of the sea are on hand for leisurely visitors. In the court yard of the museum are over 40 full-size craft from vari- .VO\~EJJ1BER ims [5] f ( i s ETC 22521 1 rracjfcgi 1 ous countries. Kayaks from the fro zen north, bark canoes of Indians, Chesapeake Bay log canoes and a sleek cypress dugout of the Seminoles in Florida; outriggers from Ta hiti and dugouts from the West In dies, a sampan from China and a long Portuguese river-boat, a fine Dutch Tjotter and other craft form an interesting collection which show how man takes to the water in dif ferent parts of the world. The museum stands on a tract of 1,000 acres, of which 600 are wood land suitably developed as a game and bird sanctuary. A fresh water lake covering 200 acres has been created by damming an estuary of the James River. The museum was established in 1930 by the wellknown philanthropist, Mr. Archer A. Huntington. It is open to all and Main room of the museum. The large hand-cawed eagle, figurehead of the old U.S.S. Lancaster, has a wingspread of 18 feet. Displayed in glass cabinets are scale models of yachts, oil tankers, steam frigates, tugboats, pilot boats and a modem luxury steamer of the Dollar Line. is conveniently accessible by train, boat or automobile. Ethyl Motor Clinic Itinerary Clinic Humber 1 A. D. Martin, Manager 2 L. A. Dollahan, Manager 3 W. A. Newman, Manager 4 M. P. Murdock, Manager 5 H. E. Cottrell, Manager E. L. Mason, Manager 7 M. Littlefield, Manager 8 R. J. Coveney, Manager 9 C. F. Naylor, Manager 1 C. M. Berry, Manager 11 S. T. Pruitt, Jr., Manager Division Los Angeles Chicago Dayton New York Tulsa Baltimore New York Boston Chicago Kansas City Atlanta Present Location Remains Approx. Next Location Opens Approx. Los Angeles, Cal. Permanently 977 West 6th Street Madison, Wis. 11/17 Oshkosh-Fondulac, Wis. 332 W. Johnson Street 11/23 Marion, Ohio 219 E. Center Street 12/1 Undetermined Rochester, N. Y. 11/24 Buffalo, N.Y. 1044 University Avenue 12/4 San Antonio, Texas 1100 Broadway 11/17 Special Army Showing Columbia, S. C. 1300 Sumpter Street 11/10 Charleston, S. C. 11/16 Jamaica, L. I. 11/10 94-15 Merrick Boulevard Utica, N. Y. 11/10 336 N. Genesee Street Kalamazoo, Michigan 11/17 458 W. Michigan Avenue Cheyenne, Wyoming 415 West 16th Street 12/4 Jacksonville, Fla. 917 W. Adams Street 12/15 Paterson, N. J. Albany, N. Y. Muskegon, Mich. Undetermined Orlando, Fla. 12/4 11/17 11/23 12/20 THri JVH*S [6] ETC 22522 i ( Stethoscoping the Bus Mr. Errol Gay of Ethyl's Technical Sales Division, tells how the American Transit Association checked up on the heart, lungs and liver of a motor bus at a Clinic session in Los Angeles 1 The rear wheels of the bus were placed on an absorption dynamometer. 2 Adjustable main jet installed on carburetor so adjustments can be made more easily during demonstration. 3 The "power" and "miles-per-hour" scales were projected on a screen above the bus. XECUTIVES of the transit in E dustry had an opportunity to study first hand the assorted ills and ailments a bus is heir to at a Clinic session of the American Transit As sociation which was held in Los An geles during August. The chief purpose of the demon stration was to show that there is a place for a chassis dynamometer (Photo 1) in the inspection line of a large maintenance garage. A Twin Coach unit was supplied for this test by the Los Angeles Motor Coach Co. This unit had been deliberately put out of adjustment so that a more interesting demonstration might be made. Four old spark plugs were in stalled--not unusual examples, but similar to plugs which jmay fre quently be taken from engines. One had a cracked porcelain, another one had the electrodes rather badly burned, the third showed a rather heavy oxide coating on the tip of the insulator and the fourth plug was heavily coated with carbon. An adjustable main jet (Photo 2) was installed in the carburetor so that air fuel ratio settings might be changed easily and quickly and thus not delay the demonstration. This adjustable jet was purely an expe dient and in no way was a substitute for a fixed main jet The timing had also been retarded past maximum power, a condition often seen in buses being brought in for routine three to five thousand mile inspec tions. As a start for the demonstration the bus was warmed up and a power reading taken at 25 miles per hour. This was recorded on the black board and the spark plugs then changed. At the start of the test the reading was approximately 33 power units but after the spark plugs were changed a gain of five power units was noted (Photo 3). The carburetor air fuel ratio (Photo 4) was then ad justed to give maximum power. The setting as found for the dem onstration was too lean for best power; in fact, it was slightly too lean for satisfactory operating con ditions so that the power gain shown was 15 power units. During the dem onstration it was pointed out that in JYOI'EJTIBER 1939 [?] ETC 22523 city bus operation maximum power might not always be maximum econ omy and there had to be a compro mise between the two. It was also pointed out that the chassis dyna mometer was probably not the place to calibrate a carburetor. However, once a satisfactory carburetor set ting has been established it then can be easily and readily checked on a chassis dynamometer. After the spark plugs and carbure tor setting had been established, the spark was reset for maximum power and gained another five power units so that the final reading was 58 power units at 25 miles per hour, wide open throttle, rather than 31 power units. It was interesting to note that in setting the spark on this particular bus, maximum power gave only a very light knock. If the spark was advanced sufficiently to give audible knock, power dropped off slightly. Special mention of this was made to the audience because many operators think that the spark has to be set so that knock is heard in order to obtain full power. After this first series of tests was completed, it was announced that a demonstration would be made of some of the practical causes of tail pipe odor. The first move in this demonstration was to disconnect the fuel system of the bus. Incidentally all previous tests had been made on the fuel in the tank of the bus. The purpose in going to the dispenser system (Photo 5) was twofold. First there was no desire to cause any doubt concerning the satisfactory operation of the fuel being used by Los Angeles Motor Coach and sec ond, special fuel was needed in or der to demonstrate the work clearly. A flexible tubing was fastened to the tail pipe and the end of the tub ing brought in under the bus right on under the noses of the front rows of the audience. The first fuel to be used was a commercially available gasoline in die Los Angeles area having an end point of approximate ly 365 deg. F. The bus was speeded up to 40 miles per hour and allowed to decelerate, thus simulating to some degree actual deceleration on the street. With the light fuel there was no smoke and very little odor. 4 Forced draft exhaust system. The large exhaust gas analyzer on the table at right is the master instru ment. The small (flat) analyzer is wired to a projector which throws an image of the air-fuel ratio scale on the screen. The fuel supply was then changed to another commercially available fuel in the Los Angeles area having an end point of 420 deg. F. When de celeration runs were made with this fuel, there was a puff of smoke after each deceleration and noticeable odor. To demonstrate the effect of cool manifolds a tin box containing dry ice (Photo 6) was placed around the 5 This fuel dispenser supplies three different types of fuel to the engine during the exhaust odor test. manifold. The dry ice served the purpose very nicely and chilled the manifold sufficiently to make an ex cellent demonstration. The demon stration was made first on the heavy fuel which gave off a large volume of smoke after each deceleration, with plenty of smell. The idle was then enrichened and it was pointed out how essential attention to the idle adjustment was as there devel oped a further increase in smoke, particularly in density, with in creased smell. Continued on page IS 6 Tin cans, containing dry ice were attached to the intake manifold so that the manifold could be chilled to demonstrate the effect of cold on tail pipe odors. TH I'i. H'S [8] ETC 22524 Combined Efforts of Oil and Automotive Industries Promote Better Motor Performance N a number of cities throughout the same purpose, and, in addition, I Ethyl's Boston Division, tune-up the two cooperating companies sent campaigns are in progress and are out several hundred letters to their furnishing an excellent example of customers outlining the program. what can be accomplished by such a Approximately 100 cars were tuned program. Although the detailed ar as a direct result of this campaign. rangements of these cooperative ac The motorist profited from the bet tivities have varied with die different ter performance of his car. The tunecities, the basic operation of the pro up shop profited from the needed gram has been substantially the parts which it sold and by the new more performance-conscious as a re sult of the campaign and it should naturally result in future benefits for all concerned--the motorist, the tuneup shop and the gasoline dealer. The satisfaction of those sponsor ing this undertaking is graphically portrayed by the fact that the Lee Electrical Company is now enthusi astically promoting a similar pro same in each case--an oil company and a tune-up shop in a respective city agreed to combine their efforts in the promotion of top motor per formance. In order to illustrate the details customers it obtained. The oil com pany profited by increasing the sale of its premium gasoline and by greater customer satisfaction. It may be readily assumed that the Utica motoring public in general will be gram with another oil company in Utica; The Tide Water Associated Oil Company is making arrange ments to cooperate with tune-up shops in other cities in the sponsor ship of similar campaigns. involved in the operation of such a program, here is a brief outline of one conducted recently in Utica, N. Y., under the joint sponsorship of C. F. Kettering Views Knock Testing Unit the Tide Water Associated Oil Com pany and the Lee Electrical Com pany, a progressive tune-up shop of that city. The campaign ran for a period of 30 days, during which time the Lee Electrical Company gave a motor tune-up at the special price of $1.00 to any motorist who had filled the tank of his car with Tydol Ethyl (Minimum ten gallons). Coupons for this special tune-up was given to the motorist, when he had his tank filled at any one of the various Tide Water stations. At the time that the coupon was presented the station attendant called the Lee Electrical Company and made a definite appointment for the work to be done. Such a plan made it possible for the tune-up shop to operate at peak efficiency, and with a minimum amount of de lay for the customer. To assist in getting the motoring public tune-up-minded, the Lee Electrical Company and the Tide Charles F. Kettering, Vice President of General Motors Research Depart ment was an interested visitor to the Petroleum Exhibit at the Golden Gate Water stations displayed banners re International Exposition. As Shown here he was particularly impressed minding the motorist "It's Tune-up with the C.F.R. Knock Testing Unit which measures the octane rating of Time." Spot announcements on radio gasoline. To the scientist as well as the layman it offered a convincing station WIBX in Utica were used for demonstration. A'OVE.IIBJSB 1939 [9] ETC 22525 Battle of Tractor Giants Looms for 1940 By Howard E. Everett, Editor Implement ir Tractor HE most spectacular--the most for a year; Deere came in with the Timposing -- stage setting of all H last spring and Cletrac last March time will furnish the selling backannounced its General and its Model ground for the farm equipment inH crawler. All of these except the dustry in 1940. crawler model are advertised at less Ford enters the picture with the than $600. Thus the keenest compe powerful little Ford tractor; Har tition in years gets under way for a vester follows with the Farmall-A; market on 3 million small farms--a Allis Chalmers has been selling its B market that did not exist in 1937. The r* Allis-Chalmers "B" accompanying illustrations show some of these "baby" tractor models. At the same time the old 3-miUion farm market still continues for the larger tractors and in it the competi tion will be no less keen. For this market the battle lines are now be ing drawn. In the higher price range, from $700 to $1,000, Harvester has an nounced the Farmall-H and the Farmall-M; Deere is all set with its B and A; Allis-Chalmers has im proved its RC and WC; Case has an nounced a new D and the DC; also an improved R and RC; Oliver chal lenges the world with its 70, the tractor that paid off the $16,000,000 debt; Minneapolis-Moline has added the new R to its Z, U and G models; Massey-Harris recently announced the 101 Junior to go with its larger 101, its Pacemaker and its Challanger. Ford and Harvester have an nounced their new tractors through impressive previews to which were invited representatives of the trade, farm and national press. As a result, the publicity attending the introduc tion of the new models has been tre mendous-publicity which could not have been bought at any price. From these the word has reached the fanners that tractors are cheaper than horses! The new small tractors open two markets: (1) make mechanization possible on 3 million more farms, and (2) they supplement larger trac tors to elimnate the final team from the 3 million larger farms. The new 2 and 3-plow sizes have more power, are more economical to operate, are more appealing through their trim streamlining and are hastening the obsolescence of older tractors. The re-entrance of Henry Ford projects a new element into the in dustry to intensify a competition al ready keen. His new tractor is a worthy competitor for any tractor of its size. Ford built 100,000 Fordsons in a single year and a total of 500,000 during his previous tractor manufac turing experience. To offset this threatened competition other manu facturers are increasing their adver tising in the trade and farm press. The wide significance of all these de- ETJBtYJL JTEWS [IO] ETC 22526 ow Is. on he *tihis )e- >m inhe its mmIso alhe 00 ed Is; ed ;er .il- .ngh re ic- ot m he er vo Dn is. m *w re m he rd ! tl- i a of ns 10 US iuI: e- s velopments to the entire industry justifies further elaboration: With twice the number of farms now possible for mechanization, both production and sales of tractors should be on their way to a 100 per cent increase over the annual aver ages we have known and likewise spells considerable increases for manufacturers of materials and parts. Any step-up in the sale of tractors will call for commensurate sales of implement equipment. All of which affords further increases in business for those supplying the industry. Tractors are rapidly attaining higher standards of engineering and refinement. Self-starters, enclosed cabs and other appointments are taking their place with rubber tires as equipment desired by farmers on old as well as new tractors. Implements of all kinds, and espe cially those once available only in sizes for custom use, are now being built for individual farm use for even the smallest tractors. Today's small acreage farm can be completely power-equipped for less than $1500 including the tractor. Consequently the industry's implement sales po tential is far in excess of considera tions which governed as recent years as 1937 and 1938. Barring economic fluctuations, the industry starts upward from a halfbillion-dollar domestic business to one of 700 to 800 million dollars, and one heading to a possible billiondollar annual average. Dining the last two months, the writer has had opportunity to visit the general offices of all the long-line houses. Everywhere there has been enthusiasm and optimism regarding the possibilities of 1940. Several ex ecutives have expressed the opinion that the industry is now getting set for a considerable boom in sales next year which only a farm commodity debacle can defeat. There will be greater activity this fall than is cus tomary at this time of the year--the annual period of contracting with dealers for the coming year. Such seems to be the temper of the tractor and implement manufacturers as preparations for 1940 materialize. JS'Ol'E.TIBER 1939 E ii ] i i I i i t i 1 ETC 22527 Sealed Beam for Night Driving One Year Old--one-third Loss-- (Without Proper Maintenance) NEW automotive headlight sys cannot be opened, and each element Atem designed for night driving, is adjusted at the factory in correct and embodying the product of threeunchangeable relationship to the years' co-operative research by theothers. The sealed beam lamp is de automobile and headlighting indus scribed by engineers as the most tries, with the collaboration of pub precise optical device turned out in lic authorities, has been announced mass production at the present time. officially through the Automotive Outstanding advantages to the Safety Foundation. It is reported car driver are: that the new system will be em 1. More light, properly distribu ployed on the 1940 models of the ted, is thrown on the road surface. great majority of makes. 2. No dirt, dust or moisture can Leaders of the industry view the penetrate the sealed unit to film, cor development as a landmark in safety rode or fog reflecting surfaces and engineering, potentially equal to lens. four-wheel brakes, safety-glass and 3. Longer-lived filaments make steel bodies, although they empha for infrequent replacement, but size that it should not be regarded when a light does bum out the en as the ultimate in headlight effi tire unit is replaced easily and eco ciency. Improvements will be incor nomically (at automotive repair or porated in the new system as they service establishments). are developed. 4. Being sealed, the lamps should The new equipment is known as not lose more than a small fraction the "Sealed Beam Headlight Sys of their efficiency throughout life. tem." Although it involves some change in the car's lighting plant, the distinguishing feature of the sys tem is the lamp unit itself. For the first time the reflector, light source and lens are made in a single, permanently sealed unit. It and with replacement the car owner may anticipate new-car fighting effi ciency as long as the vehicle is on the road. 5. Both for installation and use, the new device is as simple and fool proof as engineering ingenuity has been able to make it. A screw driver is all that is needed to install and adjust the direction of a beam. 6. All makes of sealed beam lamps are wholly interchangeable and will fit equally the highest and lowest priced models equipped with the system. Back of the development occurred a long period of intensive study in which every automobile manufac turer and the fighting equipment makers freely contributed the knowledge gained through many years of research. The new lamps throw two types of light beams. The first, for univer- Diagrammatic view from above indi cating approximate distribution of light from traffic beam of the new Sealed Beam System. Note how light in on coming drivers eyes is minimized, and width and intensity of beam on right side and shoulder of road. ETHY'JL JTEWS [12] ETC 22528 sal use on lighted city and town streets and on the highway, wher ever there is movement of other vehicles, is known as the "Traffic Beam." This is virtually a no-glare beam. Its characteristics include a wide distribution of light to the sides of the road, with sharp, clear illumina tion up the right shoulder, without causing uncomfortable glare to on coming drivers. The second, or upper beam, is named the "Country Beam" and is for use only on the open highway when there is no traffic whatever. It throws its light a considerably greater distance down the road than former types. It illuminates road shoulders, warning signs, fences and curves, and also permits the driver to see overhanging obstacles such as branches, overpasses and the like. While the difference in road illu mination between these two beams is quite pronounced, there is in addi tion, on the instrument panel a sig nal which will glow red as long as the "Country Beam" is in use. The hand need not be moved from the steering wheel to change from traf fic to country beam or back again. The familiar foot switch at the ex treme left of the floor board will be the sole control for changing the beam. The usual light switch on the instrument panel will have only two positions: the first to turn on parking and signal lights; the second to turn on the headlights. In announcing the new system, the automobile industry is co-oper ating with public authorities and civic safety groups in urging the driving public, not only to use the correct beam on both new and old cars under all conditions but also in the case of drivers with prior-type lamps to improve the degree of maintenance given the entire head light unit. Because none of the former type lamps was permanently sealed, dirt and moisture are bound to pene- The country beam of the Sealed Beam System throws much more light on the road ahead while at the same time clearly illuminating both road shoul ders and ditches. These unretouched photos were taken at the same spot. Note how the new Sealed Beam coun try beam discloses the curve ahead, the persons on the edge of the road and even the long line of fence posts along the right ditch. Telegraph poles on the left are also clearly visible. trate. Unless periodically serviced, their efficiency may be impaired, so that by the end of a year's driving it is calculated that they may have lost a third of their illumination. By the end of three years it is possible that only one third of the reflecting power remains. Under such circum stances the driver's seeing is defi nitely impaired. The increased light projected by the new lamps required certain changes in wiring and generator output which are factors making for higher manufacturing costs. This, however, is regarded as a small item in relation to the benefits obtained. The Sealed Beam headlamps will be manufactured by all the head light producers as original equip ment and for the replacement mar ket. Differing in some details of con struction mechanically, electrically and optically, the products of all will nevertheless produce the same lighting result and are wholly inter changeable. Looking down on traffic beam typical of majority of cars (three-years-old and older) now on road. Ji'OFE.TIBER 1939 [13] ETC 22529 Business Man Views a Thresher Letter from a business man to an asso ciate while on a brief visit to the country. A feeder has automatic devices, the fanner tells me. If you try to fool it into taking more than so many bun dles at a time, it automatically slows up. Something sees that the grain goes in evenly, too, it seems. At any rate, it gets to the cylinder next, and this toothy piece of appa ratus works faster than a firing squad. Here's the business end of a thresh Dear Mac: ing machine. Jutting out of this re volving steel cylinder are teeth HIS will surprise you--a letter which do the actual separating of Tfrom me telling you why farm the grain from the straw and chaff. boys don't want to leave home foTrhey connect with teeth in the con the city. In case you're bewilderedc,aves underneath the cylinder, and what I'm going to do is turn a piece after the two sets finish their job, the of farm machinery inside out for kernels of grain have landed in a you. grain pan beneath. Now that I've really got you going It is interesting the way the clear I'll make myself clear. This farmer ance between the teeth in the cylin was good enough to spend an hour der and the teeth in the concaves with me today telling me what hon can be adjusted to suit the size of the estly goes on inside a threshing ma kernels of grain. That's why peanuts chine while grain is being threshed. can be threshed as easily as grass Don't think I wasn't fascinated. Even seed. you, who only know that a farm is After the grain kernels have fallen something with a fence around it, through the concave grates into the would have been just as interested. grain pan, the separated straw takes It inspired me to fill in the evening a flier out of the cylinder on to the putting this thing on paper for you. slotted straw racks, with the aid of a What should really impress you are beater. (Easy to see why this process the hand sketches I've included to is called threshing.) The beater make the whole thing clear, even to shoves the straw on to the straw your urban mind. racks--also slows down the speed of The whole thing starts with the this moving mass. feeder. That's just a moving belt that There are plenty of different kinds carries the grain into the machine. of motion in this whole operation. The bundles go into it head first. Be The slotted racks go backward and fore they actually get into the jaws forward like a com popper on a of the machine, cutting knives slice stove. I raise an eyebrow at the the twine around them, and their days as bundles are over. High "What happens if you get to pitch Compression: ing bundles into the feeder too fast?" I say, wondering how much straw the old monster can chew up at one time. Somebody had thought of that. "Some one ought to tell Alexander Botts" farmer, meaning: What are they good for? Any remaining grain is shaken out of the straw and falls through the racks to the grain pan, he tells me. "Greedy old giant, isn't it?" I say. "Not going to miss a kernel." From the racks the straw takes a final leave of the machine and is blown out by way of a wind stacker --the wind supplied by a large fan. There, at a considerable distance from the machine, it forms a stack, a peaceful looking spot against the landscape. I begin to wonder what's going to happen to the grain in the grain pan. Believe me, you want to see this stuff through once you start inside with it. The grain is in the grain pan, all right, but so is a lot of chaff and dirt in there with it and on it. I looked at the cleaning process and thought of the way kids blow dirt off a handful of marbles. A blast of air is directed over the grain and blows away the dirt and chaff. The clean grain is now elevated to a hopper where it is auto matically weighed, measured and dropped into a wagon. In case you're figuring that the time consumed in this process is about equal to one quarter of a foot ball game, I'd better tell you that from the snipping of the binder twine to the dumping in the hopper is a little matter of 30 seconds. The farmer remarked that old gentlemen with long whiskers should keep a respectable distance from this graineater or they are likely to find their whiskers out in the straw pile. He had a more practical sugges tion, though. Any fanner who wants smooth going in threshing, should high compression his tractor, he says. Last year this farmer's 42 HP tractor had all it could do to operate ETHYL JTEWS [ 14] ETC 22530 1SS0itry. they a is Falls pan. say. es a I is Jeer fan. .nee ick, the 3to tan. tuff lit. all dirt lat t of Iful ted the ow ttotnd the is ot:iat ier jer 'he ten >a ineir esnts ild he IP ite 'S his 32" machine (threshers are rated by length of cylinder in inches). When he got into tough straw the tractor engine slowed down to the point where much of the grain wasn't properly separated and went over into the straw pile. This year he put in altitude pis tons, or high compression pistons, and is using regular leaded gasoline -- which increased his power so much that his tractor now just plays with the threshing machine, even though the straw this year was heavier and tougher. "Someone ought to tell Alexander Botts about this thing called high compression," I say. "Bet he'd sell a lot more tractors and have a lot less trouble." Come on, Mac, admit I haven't bored you, and that I've offered you a reason why farm boys like the farm. At least you know that I've done more out here than collect hay seed in my pockets. Regards, Bm New Reactions (Continued from page 1) in steel or other convenient contain ers. Just as anhydrous ammonia is the accepted medium for the trans portation of hydrogen, ethylene di bromide may well become the form for the shipment of bromine, since this element in compounds of this type is now made available. In an address before the American Chemical Society at its last Detroit meeting, C. F. Kettering said that pure science described die efforts made to find scientific facts when there was no particular industrial need for them while applied science referred to cases where facts were needed and in a hurry. These new reactions that have been discovered belong in the field of pure science, and while there may have been no urgency for their dis covery, industry may be expected to apply them without delay. Courtesy Industrial ir Engineering Chemistry *** When asked to write an essay on Benjamin Franklin, little Johnny wrote: "He was bom in Boston, trav eled to Philadelphia, met a lady on the street, she laughed at him, he married her and discovered elec tricity. Stethoscoping the Bus (Continued from page 8) Leaving the dry ice on the mani fold, a switch back to the light fuel was made with resultant decrease of intensity and volume of the smoke and also the amount of odor. Adjust ing the idle back to normal lean idle, it was again possible to reduce the volume and intensity of smoke and odor. These demonstrations showed clearly the three important funda mentals of tail pipe odor elimina tion: i.e., the effect of gasoline vola tility, intake manifold temperature and carburetor maintenance. JVOVE.TIBER 1939 [i si ETC 22531 For Safety's Sake onNewYork Highways NEW system of pavement mark sion of Highways, Department of Aing was devised and put into Public Works of New York State. It operation last summer by the Diviw- as finally adopted after many THE DOUBLE LINE ON HILLS A motorist on the right, who is climb ing the hill, and who cannot see beyond the crest, is forbidden to start to pass by the Solid Line on his side. A motor ist coming down the hill can see a rea sonable distance and is free to use his judgment. As the Broken Line is on his side, he may cross it if the road is clear ahead. THE DOUBLE LINE ON CURVES A driver approaching this curve has the Solid Line on his side and he must keep to the right. The Broken Line on the side of a driver coming from the opposite direction, tells him that he may cross the line, if the road is clear ahead. In the middle of the curve, both lines are solid and neither car may cross. NARROWING OF PAVEMENT The point at which a pavement nar rows in width is dangerous. To avoid confusion at such a location, traffic in this lane is shunted to the right, and passing in either direction is forbidden by the Double Line, solid on both sides. Illustrations courtesy Telephone Review. MARKINGS AT INTERSECTIONS Busy and dangerous intersections will be marked as illustrated. The details may be altered to the different widths of roads entering, but the general prin ciple will be that passing in either di rection is prohibited in the vicinity of the intersection. months of careful study and with this uniform marking throughout the state, it should prove a decided fac tor in reducing the hazards of the road. Follow the double line to safety might well become the slogan of the motorist. The system is built up from three basic types of markings. The First of these is the SINGLE BROKEN LINE to show motorists the lanes in which they should travel. The chances of accident will not only be lessened but traffic will move more smoothly if the driver will keep to the lane marked by the Single Broken Line except when passing another car. The Second type is the SINGLE SOLID LINE which should never be crossed except under unusual cir cumstances and then only when there is clear vision ahead and no approaching car in sight. The pur pose of the Solid Line is to separate traffic and thereby prevent head-on collisions. The Third is the SOLID AND BROKEN LINE in combination. In this instance the Solid Line on the driver's side absolutely prohibits crossing. Should, however, the Broken Line be on the driver's side, he may cross with caution when ab solutely necessary. The Fourth type of marking is the DOUBLE SOLID LINE. When this is encountered, neither car may cross under any circumstances. Because of the importance of the Double Line it will be limited in length and used only where absolutely neces sary. A motorist encountering the Double Line may be sure that he is at a spot where, in the judgment of highway engineers, his only assur ance of safety lies in keeping to the right of the line. Shown on this page are the four types of highway markings with which the tourist in the Empire State is fast becoming familiar. ETHYL. JTEWS [ i <5 ] Syracuse vith Auto Races the NE of the outstanding automo Ofac- the bile races of the country is the 100 mile National Championship, letu held at the New York State Fair the Grounds, Syracuse, N. Y. In a remarkable exhibition of driv ree ing skill combined with the blessing of racing luck, the veteran, Mauri LE Rose, drove his Burd Piston Ring ists Special to the Championship title vel. on September 2nd, 1939. He was nly clocked in 1 hour, 20 minutes, and Dve 6.48 seconds by the electric eye. George Connor of Indianapolis was ;eP second and Ted Hom of Hollywood, gle California, took the third position. ing A crack-up on the 29th lap robbed Lining up for the start. Rex Mays of Van Nuys, California, LE outstanding favorite of the race, of ver the Championship and a possible :ir- track record. Fortunately, Mays' in ten juries were slight, but track officials no flagged all drivers to hold their posi ur tions for 12 laps following the acci ate on dent. Thus the winning time was in creased far beyond that which these stars of the racing world could have ordinarily made. ;d The fastest time turned in, during m. the qualifying laps, however, was on made by Mays at 40.04, only 1.04 its seconds more than his track record he established in 1937. le, To develop the power required .b- for these racing cars, extremely high compression engines are used. Every he car in the race was fueled with gaso line containing Ethyl Fluid in order lis that these engines might develop )SS their maximum power -without dam se aging, power-robbing, knock. >le id >s- This Month's Cover he American Adelphi Hotel--In is 1870-1880 this hotel, like others of at this fashionable Spa, saw tr lovely women and prominent ie men riding and driving the highly bred horses for which ur Saratoga has always been famed. The automobile had th yet to make its appearance in te front of its portals. Mauri Rose after winning National Championship. 1 I I 't 'S 1030 [17] ETC 22533 INTRODUCING CLASS OF 1939-1940 ETHYL GRADUATE TRAINING SCHOOL JOHN D. BAILIE Upper Darby, Pa. Penn State BSME 1939 HESE fourteen men from nine Tof the country's leading techni cal schools, began work in Ethyl's training course shortly after gradu ation last June. During the past months ana in those to come, they will engage in an intensive study of the various projects .and tests being conducted in Ethyl's laboratories in Detroit and at San Bernardino. Each man will pass through the Detroit Gasoline Testing Laboratory and adequate time will also be devoted to the sales end of the business. The school is being conducted under the able direction of Mr. Raymond R. Faller who, through his extensive engineering experience, is well qual ified to undertake this assignment. FRITZ J. BRIDGES Dearborn, Mich. U. of Michigan BSME 1939 ARTHUR S. BROWN Alton, Illinois U. of Illinois BSME 1939 EDWIN A. DESMOND Dorchester, Mass. Penn State BSME 1939 ethyl jtews [ 18] TC 22534 MERRILL J. ANDERSON DONALD W. BELL WILLIAM R. GALL Moline, Illinois Tabor, Iowa Rogersville, Tenn. Augustana College AB 1937 Iowa State College BSME 1934 U. of Tennessee BSME 1936 U. of Illinois BSME 1939 Purdue 1939 Yale 1939 line hni- iyl's iu- iast hey r of ing s in ach roit ind ted fhe the R. ive lalnt. FRED J. HILL Connellsville, Pa. ARTHUR E. HUFFMAN Oklahoma City, Okla. ROBERT B. INGRAM State College, Pa. Penn State BSME 1939 U. of Oklahoma BSME 1939 Penn State BSME 1939 r- r I JAMES M. MASON Toledo, Ohio U. of Michigan BSME 1939 JVOVEJflHKR M*9 [19] WALTER A. SNOW State College, Pa. Penn State BSME 1939 ELMER L. TANDRUP Chicago, 111. U. of Illinois BSME 1939 ETC 22535 NEWSBRIEFS VIA WIRE SEPT. 27, 1939 TAKING YOUR ADVICE TO USE MY HEAD TO SAVE MY FEET, PACED HOSPITAL FLOOR ONCE AND GOT TWO TWIN GIRLS BROWN EYED CURLY HAIR. WIFE COMING ALONG FINE. (Signed) M. L. Olson, Chicago Division Can't help but wonder what would have happened if Poppa Olson had walked the floor more than that once! Our congratulations to the entire Olson family. This is the third set of twins we've had the privilege of reporting in the "News"-- Murphy's (one of each), Merritt Martin's (two of a kind), and now, Olson's. 090 Little Miss Alexandra was bom to Mr. Has Served Ethyl and Mrs. Bruce Crane on Thursday eve ning, September 28th, 1939. Although the young lady weighed 8 pounds and 12 15 Years ounces when bom, Bruce appeared quite disappointed, feeling that she should be large enough to leave the hospital under ORINNE P. HILL has the dis her own power at the end of two weeks. In C justice to Pappy, we should point out that tinction of being our first "Fif it was his first experience in this field of teen Year Pin Girl " having joinedendeavor and when he has been through the Ethyl family on October 20th,it. as much as some of his associates in the Boston office, he will, no doubt, have a 1924. She is the able secretary to better idea as to what to expect. The our President, Earle W. Webb. Cranes .are all doing beautifully, we are Corinne was bom in New York City thirty-three years ago; attended glad to report and we herewith send our hearty congratulations. the Evander Childs High School in Paul F. Straub, a the Bronx and later, when her family moved to Connecticut, she went to the Greenwich High School. Her first contact with the business world was a three months' clerical job at Womrath's Library, from newcomer to the San Bernardino Engineering Lab oratory, comes to us from the Chrysler Engi neering Depart ment at Detroit, there she went to the Equitable Life Assurance Society. In the meantime she was taking a business course in the evenings, but had to give this up as the family moved. However, she continued her studies at home which shows perseverance and took a job Michigan. He re ceived his B.S, degree in me chanical engineering at the University of Southern California in 1935 after which he took one year of graduate work at the University of Michigan. Paul is an enthusiastic sportsman with hunting at the top of the list. with the U. S. Rubber Company as typist. After joining up with Ethyl The following as a typist she completed a course at the Packard Commercial School in the evenings which lead to a steno graphic position. Service Awards have been made as of November 1st, 1939 In 1926 Corinne was made Secre 15 YEARS tary to Mr. Webb, a just reward for Corinne P. Hill Administration her determined efforts to succeed in 10 YEARS the business world. Benjamin C. Loder Administration She has recently moved to Ocean- Miles McGraw Detroit Laboratory side, Long Island, where she lives Harold A. Mehi.er with her sister and brother-in-law. Yonkers Laboratory Walter K. Wildngstad was bom in Norway and mi grated to the Ca nal Zone where he has been living up until the time he came to the United States to enter Duke Uni versity. Walter comes to us from Price, Waterhouse & Company and is to leave shortly for the Baton Rouge Plant where he will be our resident auditor. His favorite hobbies are tennis and swimming. He is a bachelor. 990 Didn't someone once say "Perseverance hath its own reward"? Could it have been that illustrious adopted son of Boston-- that twentieth century steak-eating Yan kee, Matt Taylor? In any event, Matthew Ambrose Taylor, Jr., has arrived. He en tered this war stricken world on Tuesday, October 17th, 1939, and running true to form, tipped the scales at just under eleven pounds. Junior, we greet you and ask you to convey our sincere congratulations to your fond parents and three sisters. 99 A new member of the Accounting Depart ment in the Graybar Building, is Edythe F. Meany who was formerly associated with Standard Oil Company of New Jer sey. Edythe is a native of New Jersey and the very proud mother of a seven-year-old daughter, Patricia Edythe. A Challenge... The Graybar Wildcats, a team of Ethyl bowling fans from the Graybar Building, challenge the bowlers of the Chrysler Building to a match. "Any size team up to ten men," says Walter Eilermann, acting manager of the Wildcats. "We alley-cats would like a match with Deepwater, too. Best two out of three; losers pay. Who's going to take us up?" Judson T. Biehle has been trans ferred ftom Baton Rouge, where he has served as a Technical Shift Supervisor in the ELA and "Frei" Ethyl Chloride plants, to the New York office. In his new position he will become a special Technical Assistant to John Schaefer, General Manager of the Manufacturing and Traffic Department. Welcome to the New York office, Jud son, and the best of luck in your new assignment. JE 7HIT -VP IfA [ 20 ] ETc 22536 Idngm in : mi Cahere iving time the s to Unialter from is to Plant and ance been ton-- Yanthew en'day, le to even you is to partythe ated Jerand r-old )thyl ling. vsler says the <e a * out take j 1 tant the t. fud- new fS s^iwiiA'h.ecL bijs~ The ATLANTA ADVERTISING CLUB Atlanta Admen to See How Ethyl Completes the Job The Atlanta Advertising Club, through the good offices of Jess Roberts, will see "the wheels go round" Wednesday in one of the most interesting advertising jobs being done in America today . . . the promotion of Ethyl gas. Ethyl promotion posed a difficult problem to the advertising agency commissioned to do it. The manufacturer does not sell direct to the consumer but must create a consumer demand strong enough to influence the retail outlets in such volume that the pressure will reach back to the gasoline manufacturers. That requires a lot of pressure. Every adman has seen and admired the printed advertising of Ethyl. The Ad Club luncheon Wednesday will devote about 30 minutes to witnessing the Ethyl demonstration which backs up and puts teeth in the advertising. The luncheon will be held in the Lullwater building, 441 West Peachtree street, where the Ethyl Motor Clinic has been installed. In it is shown actually how Ethyl works. You will see the "knock bomb," which makes clear that gasoline has three times as. much explosive power as its same weight in TNT. You will see a standard car, probably Jess Roberts' own, on a treadmill-type of track on the stage where it can race and climb hills in a way to show the effect of different gasolines. There are many more exciting features. Jess, who has seen the demonstration, says it fascinates him even more as an adman than as a motorist. It is a mentally stimulating approach to a difficult advertising problem he says. Buffet luncheon will be served after the clinic. TIME: 12:30 p. m. Wednesday, October 4. PLACE: 441 West Peachtree Street. ETC 22537 "But, Jake, the gas station feller said we'd orter have lead" THE "gas station feller" was right as engines can be advanced to give better far as he went. But he certainly left or best performance. The measure of the boys in the dark on what kind of anti-knock value in gasoline is its "octane lead he meant. number." The larger this number, the The "lead" that helps a bus or truck engine develop more power is tetraethyl greater is the anti-knock value of the gasoline. lead, a volatile liquid which mixes com When you buy leaded gasoline of high pletely with gasoline. octane number you can set the ignition Oil companies add tetraethyl lead to timing of your engines closer to the gasoline to raise the anti-knock value maximum power position without knock. so that the ignition timing of modem These better gasolines give you other ad vantages in addition to high anti knockquality--balancedvolatility, vapor pressure low enough to prevent vapor lock and low gum content. If you have questions about truck and bus fuels and any special conditions un der which your fleet must use them, write the Ethyl Gasoline Corporation, Chrysler Building, New York, N. Y., manufac turer of anti-knock fluids used by oil companies to improve gasoline. VAPOR PRESSURE should be adjusted to meet op erating conditions. GUM CONTENT should not exceed H of a gram ((small drops) pergallon. ANTI-KNOCK VALUE should be high, at least 68 octane number. THE BETTER THE GASOLINE THE BETTER THE PERFORMANCE ETC 22538 Primed m U. S. A 5. A Ethyl Gasoline Corporation CHBYSLEB BUILDING NEW YOBK CITY W. CARY HARRIS Editor RUSSELL B. WESTON NORTHROP CLAREY, Jr. Associate Editors Correspondents J. A. Costello Atlanta F. S. Cbonin Baltimore B. R. Jones Boston A. B. Wybick Chicago H. F. Dedo Dayton D. S. Flynn Kansas City Cabl Abell Los Angeles R. L. Goltz New York H. Kuhe Tulsa R. K. Scales Engineering Dept. L. Babnum Mfg. Baton Rouge C. Wassebman Mfg. Deepwater J. C. Pope GasolineTestingDept. E. J. Nieseb Administration Dept. Hubert Fossett London THE MATERIAL IN THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRINTED PROVIDED DUE CREDIT IS GIVEN THE "ETHYL NEWS" OR ETHYL GASOLINE CORPORATION UNLESS IT IS A COPYRIGHTED ARTICLE Volume 6, Number 12 Mr. Average American's Wealth HERE are all kinds of ways of measuring wealth. The maharajahs of TIndia and the other Oriental potentates are reputed to be the wealth iest men in the world. Their fabulous riches, though, consist largely of precious stones, and side by side with these piles of glittering jewels the American would be surprised to discover a lack of many of the things he considers elementary necessities of life. For we in America have a different--and, we think, a more sensible--way of measuring wealth. To us, wealth is represented principally by the actual material things that make life easier, more comfortable, or more enjoyable. According to this measure, the average American is the owner and user of so much that the whole rest of the world can only envy him. And yet his possessions have become so commonplace to him that he seldom gives them a thought. As a result of never having made a check-up on these materials for better living, many of us fall easy victims to those who hold that this country's wealth is concentrated in a few hands, and who intimate that the greater percentage of our population "doesn't even have a look-in" on the benefits that accrue from the American way of life. Recently, a group at the University of Notre Dame became interested in finding out just how much "real wealth" was being used by the average American. They spent two years cataloguing it all, going to the best avail able records and digging up their own facts and figures, till an answer for those who like to talk about "closely held wealth" was spread on the record. Before making the survey, however, the first step was to decide exactly what was meant by "wealth" in this case. Explaining that money and securities, including deeds and property, are only evidences of ownership of goods and things, and not the goods or things themselves, the report listed physical assets only. And physical assets were defined as "all useful physical things, capable of control and ownership by human beings." When the check-up on the nation's physical assets was completed, it was found that in 1933, the last year covered, the average American's share came, in money terms, to about $2,740. Pointing out that this country has about 70 per cent of all the automobiles in the world, 80 per cent of telephones and household appliances and that this is the only country where a majority of homes have radios, running water, bathtubs and central heating, the director of the survey holds it as almost self-evident that there is no close concentration of physical assets. This study brings to light something that is worth remembering. It is this: that after all, the only factor that makes a thing valuable to us is the fact that we can find some use for it, satisfying some necessity or gaining some added comfort thereby. According to this measure, America's wealth is very widely distributed indeed. Wealth like washing machines, radios, automobiles and electric refrigerators can't very well be concentrated in the hands of a few people; they wouldn't have any use for them. And so, in this land of ours there is material wealth daily at our service to a degree that would arouse the envy of many an Indian prince. In This Issue Mr. Average American's Wealth Vice President Graham Edgar Predicts More Miles per Gallon Ethyl Plans $4,000,000 Expansion at Baton Rouge Atlantic Clinic Well Attended at Final Showing This Month's Cover Ethyl Holds Fleet Conference National Guard Aviation Admiral Byrd's Snow Cruiser Starts Long Voyage Heavy Jobs Easy for "Big Bertha" "Pennywise" New Chemical Research Laboratory at Detroit The Farmers' World Series Ethyl Clinic on the Air in Utica W. H. Hubner Heads New Refinery Technology Division New Sales Division on West Coast Kansas Town of 3500 Boasts Latest Tune-Up Equipment Ethyl Motor Clinic Itinerary Newsbriefs Service Awards ETC 22541 Plant for manufacture of Tetraethyl Lead and Intermediates, Baton Rouge, La. Vice President Graham Edgar Predicts More Miles per Gallon PECTACULAR advances in au tomotive power were predicted by Dr. Graham Edgar, Vice Presi dent and Director of Research of the Ethyl Gasoline Corporation. Follow ing are some of his conclusions as presented to the distinguished audi ence which he addressed at the an nual dinner of the Institute of Petro leum in Chicago on November 15th: Developments which will give the automobile driver 50 per cent more mileage to a gallon of gasoline are, according to Dr. Edgar, foreshad owed by experiments already carried out to determine the possibilities of increasing compression ratio under conditions in which the anti-knock value of the fuel is no longer the lim iting factor. Supercharging, generally applied so far only to aircraft, opens another field of opportunity for utilization of fuels of high anti-knock value by the automobile engine. It is Dr. Edgar's contention that the automotive engine is fully capa ble of utilizing the best fuel that the oil refiner can make available but he explained that no one can yet tell what this fuel will be. The develop ment in the refining art will be grad ual, because of the magnitude of the petroleum industry. No matter how valuable a new refining process may be, considerable time must elapse before it can play a substantial part in the industry. A corresponding gradual increase in the quality of the marketed prod ucts, with no apparent limit on this quality, and in the efficiency of the automotive engine may likewise be expected. There appears to be a feeling in certain quarters that the automotive engine cannot utilize efficiently fuels that are appreciably higher in anti knock value than those available to day. In fact, testimony was recently presented to the Temporary Nation al Economic Committee in Wash ington to the effect that the motor of today has reached the top in high compression ratio so that there is no need for improving gasoline quality further. Such arguments may be easily confuted by examining the facts in the case. In considering the fuel of the future, the automobile of the fu ture must be considered and al though no one would be rash enough ETHYL NEWS [*] ETC 22542 to predict the exact trends which may develop in the automotive field, enough data already exist to show that there are a number of ways in which fuel of very high anti-knock value may be efficiently utilized. It is possible that in days to come, as in the past, the main trend will be to take advantage of increasing fuel quality by raising the engine com pression ratio. It is true that this trend cannot be followed indefinite ly, but it can be pursued very much further than it has been. For example, several years ago the General Motors Corporation carried out an elaborate research project in which an automobile equipped with a valve-in-head en gine was operated at a number of compression ratios and a number of gear ratios, using fuels which in each case were just capable of avoiding knock. Approximately 69 octane fuel was required for the standard 5.25 Ethyl Chloride Plant using the Ethylene Process. compression ratio, about 95 octane number for 8.0 compression ratio, and something better than 100 oc tane number for 10.3 compression ratio. The results were most striking. For example, at 40 miles per hour the miles per gallon improved from 12.5 at 5.25 compression ratio to 18 at 8.0 and 21 at 10.3. The average increase in economy, between ten where power per cubic inch of dis placement is usually more important than thermal efficiency, it has been well demonstrated that a super charged engine can utilize fuel of as high an anti-knock value as may be available. Already 100 octane num ber fuel is in wide use and fuels above 100 octane number are under investigation. Little has been done in super charging the automobile engine ex cept for special purposes but there is a good chance that the future may see this development extensively fol lowed. Tests with an eight cylinder supercharged engine showed that it delivers a maximum horsepower nearly twice that of the unsuper charged engine. Thus, with ten or and sixty miles per hour, is about 45 per cent in going from 5.25 to 8.0 compression ratio under these con ditions of constant performance. ; be It is interesting to note that if the average retail price of gasoline is g in taken as 19 cents per gallon, the tive driver of the 8.0 compression car uels could have paid 27.5 cents per gal .nti- lon, at no increase in cents per mile, to- which would give the refiner a mar ntly gin of 8.5 cents per gallon above his ion- regular costs of 5 cents per gallon ish- with which to attempt to produce >tor the 95 octane gasoline required by tigh * the high compression car. Certainly, ; no such an achivement would appear .lity to be well within the eventual possi bilities of the refinery technologist. sily However, Dr. Edgar pointed out $ in that increase in compression ratio is I of only one of the methods by which fu- the automotive engine may utilize al- fuels of high anti-knock value. In the igh development of the aircraft engine. Ethyl Chloride Plant using the Alcohol Process (interior view). < 1VS DECEMBER 1930 [3l ETC 22543 twelve octane numbers improve ment in fuel, it is possible to almost double the horsepower by super charging. Comparing the fuel con sumption characteristics at part load of a large unsupercharged engine and one of one-half the displacement of the large engine, with a super charger on the small engine cutting in whenever full throttle operation is required, it has been found that the part load economy of the small engine is vastly superior to that of the large one. Whether or not improvements in quality of fuel necessarily involve increased costs is it self problemati cal but in any case it can hardly be said that variations in the cost of manufacture of gasoline over the last few years have been the primary factor in the profit or loss of the petroleum industry. The thin divi dends of that industry cannot be laid at the door of the refinery technolo gist. Amazing progress has been made and is being made in the industry in modifying the structure of petro leum hydro-carbons to produce gasoline of high anti-knock value. Cracking and reforming, both ther mal and catalytic, coupled with iso merization, alkylation, polymeriza tion, aromatization, etc., are devel oping rapidly and are increasing both yields and quality of gasoline. Anti-knock compounds will con tinue to play much the same parts in the future that they have in the past. First, wherever it is more eco nomic to obtain any given octane level by the use of anti-knocks they will continue to be so used; second, they will always be added to the best available refinery product to produce continually the fuel of the future for which the automobile of the future will be developed. Dr. Edgar described the progress of the tetraethyl lead industry from test tube to tank car since Ethyl Gasoline, the result of General Mo tors research, was first marketed at a single service station in Dayton, Ohio, in 1923. Today about 75 per cent of all gasoline sold in the United States contains tetraethyl lead. In the avia tion field, almost all gasoline of 80 octane or better contains tetraethyl ETBrL NEWS U1 ETC 22544 ve- 0 lead; in fact, the performance of the ost modem military and transport plane er- is due in large part to the develop on- ment of high octane gasoline, a de >ad velopment in which tetraethyl lead ine played an important role. ent Outside of the United States, tet er- raethyl lead is used in motor gasoline ing extensively in Canada, where the ion hat * percentage of leaded gasoline is equal to that for the United States, lall England, France, Australia, New of Zealand and Germany, and to a smaller extent in many other coun . in tries. \ lve Dr. Edgar pictured the Baton ati- Rouge, La., plants of the Ethyl Gaso be i line Corporation, where a $4,000,000 of expansion program is about to be the started, as a self-contained manufac ary turing development utilizing only the the basic raw materials, and repre ivi- senting the most efficient and eco aid nomic processes known to the art )Io- today. The total capacity, he said, is better than 60,000,000 pounds of ade tetraethyl lead per year. / in The North Baton Rouge works of :ro- the Ethyl Gasoline Corporation, the uce only fully-integrated tetraethyl lead sue. manufactuing plant in the world, is ler- now operating on a 24-hour sched iso- ule, 5 days a week. iza- When the Ethyl Gasoline Corpo v'el- ration selected Baton Rouge as a site ing for its manufacturing expansion pro ine. gram in 1936, and purchased the on- land adjacent to Standard of Louisi arts ana's refinery and Solvay's Baton the Rouge plant, it was not expected co- that the works would operate at full ane capacity until late in 1940. However, hey a larger demand for Ethyl fluid due nd, to increase in gasoline consumption, the general improvement of gasoline to quality by oil companies ana a gain the of 40% over last year in the con a of sumption of premium-grade Ethyl Gasoline, has enabled the Corpora ress tion to move the expected date for ram full operation forward by a year. thyl The Solvay Company supplies salt \fo- brine and chlorine. Large amounts ata of steam and electricity come from ton, the Louisiana Steam Generating Corporation. Refinery stabilizer all gases, used in the production of ates ethyl chloride, are piped across the via- road from Standard of Louisiana's f 80 refinery. Additional quantities of thyl ethyl chloride needed in the manu- ws * DECEMBER 1939 f5J I Interior view Tetraethyl Lead Unit. Acid Reconcentrator. ETC 22545 A facture of tetraethyl lead, are pro duced by another process using al cohol, made from molasses, as a raw material. The Ethyl Gasoline Corporation is directly neither of the petroleum industry nor the automotive indus try, but a child of both industries. Its research laboratories at Detroit, Mich., and San Bernardino, Calif., have not only studied problems spe cific to tetraethyl lead but have con tributed substantially to the impor tant progress which has led to the fuel of today and the engine of to day. Thus, tetraethyl lead has been of service to the petroleum and auto motive industries not only by pro viding a simple means of obtaining increased anti-knock value, but also by aiding in the solution of the many technical problems that have con fronted both industries. It cannot be said that any of these developments have been due to a feeling of pure altruism on the part of any member of either industry. They are the natural result of the American competitive system, and their net result is that the public to day has vastly better fuels and vastly better automobiles, trucks, buses, tractors, and airplanes than it had ten years ago. This is technical and economic progress at its best. Sodium Plant (interior view). Blending Plant (interior view). Ethyl-Dow Plant at Kure Beach, N. C., Cape Fear River in background, in foreground settling basin. Only plant in the world where Bromine is removed from seawater. It is used in manufacture of Ethylene Dibromide, a component of Ethyl Fluid. ETHYL SEWS [6] ETC 22546 * * While Ethyl Clinic No. 4 of the New York Division was operating in Rochester, Herman Singer, property man, was able to l take these interesting photographs of the set-up which offer a new perspective. The first picture is a "back-stage" shot showing automobile on the dynamometer, the portable gasoline station, the dynamometer instrument panel and cartridge bomb on the table. The second photograph was taken from the roof structure of the building. Anyone not familiar with the Clinic can the better appreciate, from these unusual views, the size of this undertaking and preparation behind it. 4 The Auto Railer stops at Ronk's DX Station in Peoria, Illinois, to make a purchase of Ethyl. This combination truck and railroad engine is owned by the Burlington Railroad, Quincy, Illinois, and was purchased at a cost of $12,000. It was manufactured by the Evans Products Company of Detroit, is capable of running at 50 miles per hour on the highway and considerably faster on rails. It is able to pull 25 railroad cars and the Burlington Railroad uses it for switching at their yards in Galesburg. Due to its ability to travel on the highway, as well as on rails, it is possible to use this piece of equipment in many places otherwise inaccessible to the heavier type of railroad engine. * *a4 world ~luid. EWS Mr. O. E. Parker of the Allentown Brake and Wheel Company, Allentown, Pennsylvania, was host to local Bendix dealers and Gulf Oil Corporation representatives at a meeting to introduce their new Bendix Dynamometer tune-up service. This is another one of the co-operative plans. Ethyl representatives, Guy Donohue, Automotive Engineer, attached to Clinic No. 7 and Roy Musick, Eastern Pennsylvania, participated in the program. DECEMBER 1939 ill ETC 22547 Ethyl Plans $4,000,000 Expansion at Baton Rouge THYL is spending four million 25$. This enlargement has been E dollars to increase the facilities made necessary by the increased de of its Baton Rouge, La., manufacturmands for tetraethyl lead anti-knock ing plant. The expansion program,fluid on the part of gasoline refiners, which will employ up to a thousand many of whom have recently trans men, will enlarge the plant capacity ferred a substantial part of their op about 25$. erations from the eastern states to One of the new units to be con the southwest. The Baton Rouge structed is a tetraethyl lead manu plant supplies fluid only in tank car facturing unit equal in capacity to lots for domestic blending. each of the four now operating. An Construction is to begin immedi other sodium unit will increase pres ately and will take about one year. ent capacity by about 50$. A new Building will be partly under the ethyl chloride unit is planned, along supervision of E. I. duPont de Ne with many changes and improve mours & Co., who are under contract ments in other parts of the plant as with Ethyl to operate a portion of a whole to increase the total output the plants at Baton Rouge. Atlanta Clinic Well Attended at Final Showing HE Tune-Up School which was agency service department in the Theld on October 24th in Atlanta, city was represented and all of the Ga., completed the showing of thebest independent garages and tune- Ethyl Motor Clinic in that city. Iutp shops had men there. was one of the largest meetings held The meeting lasted for two hours in Atlanta. There were in attendance during which time 8 demonstrations 278 people which took in representa were given in addition to the regular tives from 57 organizations includ Clinic demonstration on the three ing: 21 independent garages and grades of performance with three tune-up shops, 10 automobile agen grades of fuel. The demonstrations cies, 8 parts and equipment sup were selected to give vivid examples pliers, 9 large fleets, 3 oil companies, of good and bad tune-up in the three 3 service stations, 5 miscellaneous major systems that are involved in a groups. good tune-up job--that is, compres This meeting was somewhat un sion, ignition and carburetion. Along usual in that about 95$ of the attend with this there was a discussion on ance was composed of automotive general points on tune-up and main service people who are primarily in tenance. terested in die story of good tune-up. Mr. George Rosser, Atlanta Assist Out of a total attendance there were ant Division Manager, held the only 13 oil company people present. meeting, assisted by Messrs. Forbes, Practically every large automobile Cody and Williams. HE above photograph shows TEthyl Gasoline Corporations demonstration engine set-up used at the Coastal Fair at Wilmington, N. C. Mr. C. M. Shigley, Manager for Ethyl-Dow Chemical Company, Kure Beach, N. C., made all arrange ments for the showing and the actual demonstrations were handled by Ethyl's representative Fritz Mercer. The Fair was well attended and this exhibit attracted quite a lot of atten tion -- particularly because the di bromide for Ethyl fluid is manufac tured near Wilmington, N. C. This Month's Cover The Stadt Huys in New Amsterdam (now New York City) as it might have appeared in the gathering dusk of a snow-bound afternoon of Saint Nicho las' Day thirty or forty years after its erection by the Dutch as a public tav ern in 1642. It stood on the northwest comer of what are now Coenties Alley and Pearl Street, which at that time was the road along the waterfront of the East River. Stadt Huys was suc ceeded by the second City Hall which the English erected in 1700 on Wall Street at the head of Broad. This build ing remained until 1788 when it was altered and enlarged to become the new Federal Hall which in turn was superseded by the present City Hall, begun in 1803 and completed in 1812. The weathercock of die Stadt Huys found its way into the possession of Washington Irving and is at present on exhibition in the Museum of the City of New York. This view looking up Coenties Alley to Stone Street, was sketched especially for the "News" bv the artist Edward P. Chrvstie. ETHYL NEWS [8] ETC 22548 f Ethyl Holds Fleet Conference ORE than 225 fleet men from were discussed by representatives of Gay. Spark plugs and fuel pumps-- M all parts of the middle west various manufacturers and by Ethyl came to Chicago on November 6tmhen who, in many cases, had par Sumner Howard (AC Spark Plugs). Gasoline characteristics; exhaust gas for a five-day conference on fleetict ipated in research on those same analysis -- Errol Gay. Ignition sys maintenance and operating prob problems. tems -- J. T. Fitzimmons (Delco- lems. The meetings, held in the Climax of the session was an ac Remy). Valve designs and materials 4 Hotel Knickerbocker under the di tual truck test on a dynamometer, --A. T. Colwell (Thompson Prod rection of Mr. Errol Gay of the Ethyl during which Mr. Gay demonstrated ucts) and Julian Frey of the Ethyl Corporation, were attended by fleet the importance of proper mainte Gasoline Corporation. Demonstra lows ion's id at on, ager )any, nge:tual by rcer. this tten diifac- J r .am ave a ho- its av- est ley me of operators, oil men and manufactur nance, correct air-fuel ratios and tion of Valve Grinding--N. F. Clay- uc- ers, as well as representatives of the most advantageous spark settings, borne (Kwikway Service). Driver ich 'all :ld- United States Navy, the Illinois Na as well as the avoidance of noxious training to improve fuel economy tional Guard, the City of Chicago exhaust odors through changes in and maintenance; use of two-speed vas and the U. S. Post Office Garage. manifold temperatures and selection governor control -- Errol Gay. Tire the One operator, Chicago Surface of fuels of proper volatility. On life and service--C. R. Mason (Good vas all, 12. uys f Lines, sent 19 men to the conference. Thursday evening Ethyl was host at rich). Farm tractor developments-- The series of meetings was de a banquet for all attending the con George Krieger (Ethyl Gasoline Cor signed to serve as an advanced "post ference. poration). Oilproblems--C. E. Smith. of graduate course" for men already Most important topics discussed Engine varnish--Julian Frey. Piston on well grounded in truck and bus op during the week were: Brief history rings -- Theron Bradshaw (Perfect :ity eration, to help them keep abreast of engine development; work of Circle). Choice of compression ratio up vas by of modem engineering develop Ethyls Engineering Laboratory -- for best use of a given fuel--Julian ments that apply to their business. Errol Gay. Carburetors--E. F. Wen Frey. Elimination of noxious odors All common sources of mechanical zel (Bendix-Stromberg). Float level from city buses; bus and truck tune- trouble, from tires to spark plugs. test stand and jet flow stand--Errol up--Errol Gay. WS DECEMBER 1939 [9l ETC 22549 Officers of the 27th Division Aviation Squadron with headquarters at Miller Field. Major Brower second row fifth from right. National Guard Aviation Major Lawrence G. Broweh Commanding Officer, 27th Division Aviation, N.Y.N.G. HE 27th Division Aviation vides, the field and hangar facilities. TN.Y.N.G., better known as the An Observation Squadron is di 102nd Observation Squadron, is onevided into sections, not broken up of nineteen such organizations scaats in other units, into company, pla tered throughout the United States. Its airdrome is situated at Miller Field, Staten Island, N. Y. The Squadron is a unit of the Na tional Guard of New York State, and is composed of 33 officers and 110 enlisted men, all drawn from the citizenry of New York City and en virons. As citizens, the members of the squadron are regularly engaged in business or the professions. The Federal Government supplies the airplanes, 9 in all and allied technical equipment. It also pro vides pay for personnel and cost of maintenance on the airplanes and auxiliary equipment. The state pro toon and squad. These sections are Photographic; Armament; Commu nications; Transportation; Supply; Engineering; Parachute; Medical; and Headquarters, all necessary for the proper accomplishment of an air unit's objectives. As the function of an Air Corps Observation unit is to serve as the eyes of the infantry, artillery, cav alry and other ground troops a unit must be thoroughly trained to do reconnaisance missions; command missions; infanty missions; conduct artillery fire and take aerial pictures, including aerial mapping. In peace time, so that they may have proper firing training, it cooperates with the Coast Artillery, particularly the Anti Aircraft units, in supplying aerial targets--large cigar shaped canvas ETHYL NEWS [ IO ] ETC 22550 targets towed behind the planes by wire cable. Instruction is given the entire per sonnel on its weekly meeting night and at such time as the commanding officer may direct. It is during these meetings, or drills as they are called, that the enlisted men manning the various sections, leam all there is to know about the work in their depart ment. When a recruit enlists he is placed in the beginners group. There he is given the rudiments of infantry drill. He is then questioned about his trade or profession and usually fitted into a section where his civil occupa tion and experience may best be util ized. An electrician is placed in the radio or communications depart- Hangar--27th Division Aviation N.Y.N.G. n ' * Constant training in aerial gunnery is a necessary part of the hirdmens instruction. ment, a mechanic in the engineering division, a clerk in headquarters Or operations or a tailor in the para chute section, etc. In all observation squadrons the officers do the flying--that is, the tac tical flying. This does not mean that the enlisted man does not get his share of flying, however, for each month he is taken up on an average of at least one flight. The officers are teamed as pilot and observer and fly together on all occasions. In this way there is splendid coordination and understanding. It can be seen that by meeting sev eral hours only once a week it would be difficult to reach any degree of training efficiency. This is partly Parachute section at work. These men may be tailors in civil life. taken care of by the fact that the air planes are available at all times, day or night, and any time an officer is free, he may take a plane on a cross country flight and in this way receive additional experience. To supple- BECEMBER 1939 ["I ETC 22551 ment this, each summer the squad ron goes into two weeks of active duty for intensive tactical and field training, usually at camps away from home and at times when other branches of the service are also in the field. It is during this period that the so-called class room instruction becomes an actuality. Here it is where opportunities are given to work with ground troops--to regu late artillery fire, to communicate with them by means of the radio or drop and pick up messages or by panels or pyrotechnics; to take pic tures; to drop flares at night. Not to mention the opportunities of getting that all-important training which every air man must have--aerial gun nery. As is the case with other guard units, an air squadron constitutes a part of the Nation's first line of de fense, and is subject to, and ready for, active duty within twenty-four hours of mobilization. The service of men in the National Guard repre- Miller Field on Staten Island in New York's lower Bay is the home of 27th Division Aviation N.Y.N.G. sents a purely voluntary and extra which they, as both citizens and solcontribution to the State and Nation diers, choose to render. Photos by courtesy 27th Div. Aviation, N.Y.N.G. JL Kansas Town of3500 Boasts Latest Tune-Up Equipment R. Herman Vogt of The Vogt a population of 3,500, could support M Motor Service at Lamed, Kan a shop of this kind, he however went sas, attended an Ethyl Motor Clinaichead and purchased the equip in Wichita and became convincemdent. that similar equipment would mean His first move was to secure the money to him by enabling him to services of an Ethyl representative give customers a real tune-up job on who arranged a meeting for the their cars. Although there was some opening day with the new equip doubt in his mind that Lamed, with ment in place. All the oil companies in the town offered door prizes and paid for a full-page advertisement in the local paper announcing the meeting. Hand bills were distributed by all the service station men and banners were placed on several of the better locations telling about the meeting. A short talk on fuels and an Ethyl Motor demonstration was given by Mr. Hamilton of the Ethyl Gasoline Corporation, after which a car was placed on the dynamometer and the three grades of fuel were used prov ing to the five hundred owners who attended, the advantages of Ethyl Gasoline. Since that time, Mr. Vogt has been averaging about two cars a day and most of them have been tuned for Ethyl Gasoline. The sign shown over the dynamometer in the accompany ing picture is Vogt's own idea and certainly proves to the people of Lamed he is a firm believer in the merits of Ethyl Gasoline. Admiral Byrd's Snow Cruiser Starts LongVoyage HE Standard Oil refinery at living quarters, galley, machine TWhiting, Indiana, has com shop, and store room in which to cir pleted a shipment of 4,000 gallons ocfulate. They expect to carry enough gasoline and 150 gallons of aviatiopnrovisions for a year and are plan oil for the Beechcraft four-passenger ning to spend three months actually airplane which will soar over the sitting on the South Pole. Antarctic this winter. The shipment When they want to survey wide was part of eight carloads of various stretches of country quickly they will fuels and oils which will be used by take the Wichita Beechcraft off the the government expedition in oper roof of the Cruiser, where it is to ating the Antarctic Snow Cruiser de ride most of the time, warm it up signed by the Research Foundation with exhaust from the diesel engines of Armour Institute to explore the Antarctic more extensively and more comfortably than has ever before been possible. Built at a cost of $150,000 the Cruiser is something of a combina tion of ship, sled and transcontinen tal bus (see Sept. 1939 "News"). This unusual vehicle can turn around within its own length, travel side ways, span crevices fifteen feet wide, climb 37 per cent grades and is ex pected to weather any kind of storm. The four scientists, headed by Dr. T. C. Poulter who was second in command of the last Byrd expedi tion, will live in the cruiser in rela tive comfort, thanks to the warmth from the diesel engines. They will have a control room, engine room. and take to the air. On the basis of experience with aircraft on the last expedition no serious difficulty is an ticipated even though the conditions to be encountered are about as se vere as any known to man. The accompanying photo shows part of the huge supply of fuel which has been shipped for use of the Ex pedition including many drums of aviation gasoline containing Ethyl fluid which the snow cruiser will carry to the very bottom of the earth. DECEMBER 1939 [13] ETC 22553 AFTER eleven years' experience-in J\_ road service, Mr. Louis Prinzing, owner and manager of the Browncroft Garage of Rochester, N. Y., became convinced that there was no equipment available to ade quately take care of many of the heavy jobs his organization were called upon to handle. To meet this situation Mr. Prinzing, with the help of the foreman of his machine shop, designed and built "Big Bertha" which is a combination tow truck and portable derrick. It was also equipped with a powerful lighting system making it available for twenty-four-hour service. This huge piece of equipment is capable of raising a dead load straight up from a depth of 1,000 feet. It is of welded construction throughout and mounted on a five-ton GMC truck chassis. Weight of the special equip ment alone is twelve tons and the overall length of the unit is thirtyone feet. The derrick has a double drum winch with the larger drum holding 1,000 feet of five-eighth-inch plow steel cable. The smaller drum for raising and lowering the boom car ries 200 feet of half-inch cable. Both drums are powered from the truck motor through a two-speed forward and reverse power take-off. The winch also carries a large capstan specially designed for rope rigging work. All controls are operated from out side the cab so that the man working them can see how the job is pro gressing. Big Bertha is rigged with three swinging booms, fourteen, twenty and thirty-two feet respec tively and has seven-foot outriggers with built-in screw jacks on both sides. The lighting system has a com plete gasoline-power plant aug mented by six batteries to assure continual lighting for the three flood lights and four spot lights, making it equally practical for night or day work. The job took sixteen months in the building. Browncroft Garage had their en tire organization, comprising 20 men on day and night shifts, attend one of the Ethyl Gasoline Corporation's Clinic meetings at Rochester. Appre ciating the maximum power possi bilities with Ethyl, they changed over their regular gasoline pump and now use premium fuel exclu sively. One of the opening meetings at Mueller's Automotive Service, Jersey City, N. J. Mr. Howard Berdan, Manager and his associates, installed an Otis Proving Stand Dynamometer to better serve their customers and to be used in conjunction with a co-operative program for the Gulf Oil Corporation dealers in that area. Guy Donohue, Automotive Engineer of Clinic No. 7, shown addressing the group. In the background is Ethyl's New Jersey Representative, Fred Nixon. ET BYE news [ 14] ETC 22554 ''Sr ra car. Both truck rward . The ipstan gging n outnrking s prol with rteen, especiggers both comaugassure flood cine it r day lonths ir en0 men d one ition's .pprepossimged pump ;xclu- 1 t d his with clinic iWS .> "PENNYWISE" A Smash Hit! **** The new Ethyl motion picture is a spar kling, romantic comedy, played up to the hilt by a fine cast of capable players. Briefly, this is the story of a young couple, Steve and Judy Banett, whose plans for a second honeymoon trip are interrupted by the unexpected arrival of wealthy Uncle Hannibal from Australia. To get Uncle Hannibal to back the Barrett business, Steve and Judy take him along on the trip and plan to impress Uncle with their ability to "squeeze" every penny. How their plans go astray forms the framework for a series of fast-moving, amusing episodes that, nevertheless, establish the old saying, "You only get what you pay for." The part of Steven Barrett is played by Donald Cook, well remembered for his many fine performances on Broadway in "Paris Bound," "Half Gods," "Rebound," "Wine of Choice," "American Land scape," as well as nearly thirty Hollywood productions. Mr. Cook is currently en gaged as Gertrude Lawrence's leading man in "Skylark." Judith Ford, who plays Mrs. Barrett, has graced the front covers of leading maga zines. Hollywood beckoned and combined her dramatic ability and good looks in such stellar attractions as "Nothing Sacred," "Dramatic School," "Rosalie," "Man About Town," "Bringing Up Baby," "Trade Winds" and "Artists and Models Abroad." Forrest Orr's "Uncle Hannibal" is played as only this veteran comedian could handle the role. Mr. Orr counts thirty-five years in the American theatre, playing with such notables as Ethel Barrymore, John and Lionel Barrymore, J. C. Nugent and George M. Cohan. A few of his successes include "The Pursuit of Happiness," "Red, Hot and Blue," "Excuse Me," "Lost Hori zons," and "Big Hearted Herbert." At present Mr. Orr is to be seen in the Theatre Guild's "The Philadelphia Story" with Katherine Hepburn. Alexander Campbell, who plays Farmer Jim Lynn, has played over six hundred plays during his years in stock and produc tion. Among diem were "Precedent," "Coast Wise Annie," "Child of Manhat tan," "Pursuit of Happiness," "Her Majesty the Widow," "Easy Street," "Porgy and Bess" and "Always a Breeze." The part of his son, Joe, is ably handled by Roy Rob erts, well known for his fine work in "Kiss the Boys Goodbye," "Sailor Beware," "Hurray for What," "Twentieth Century," "Boy Meets Girl," "Room Service," "Every body's Welcome," and `Old Man Murphy." Currently engaged with Helen Hayes in "Ladies and Gentlemen." DECEMBER 1939 I'S) ADVERTISEMENT ETHYL GASOLINE CORK, WHAT . . . HAPPENS WHEN A BACHELOR UNCLE HORNS IN ON A SECOND HONEYMOON? 4? 4? 4p 9? GET WISE SEE "PENNYWISE" WITH DONALD COOK JUDITH FORD FORREST ORR ALEXANDER CAMPBELL ROY ROBERTS COMING SOON ETC 22555 New Chemical Research Laboratory at Detroit JV"EEP MOVING" would seem to JS^be the right motto for the Chemical Research Laboratory of the Ethyl Gasoline Corporation which has recently transferred to its new building located on the Eight Mile Road at the city limits of De troit. There the Corporation owns eight acres of well-wooded land with a frontage of 500 feet on the north side of the highway. On the rear of this property, the Chemical Labora tory in 1936 built a small "semi works" unit for use in the production of sodium-lead alloy and alkyl lead compounds, distillation of gasoline, and similar activities which it was deemed undesirable to carry out at a crowded location within the city. The new laboratory is a single story brick and concrete building, 250 feet long and 50 feet wide, with central and cross corridors giving exits on all four sides, and with an interior stairway to the roof. Set at right angles to the highway, the south end contains sound-proof and air-conditioned offices, library, lunch room, etc. At the north end, near the semi-works unit, are grouped the laboratories and service rooms. The driveway, parking lot, and main en trance are on the west side, while on the east and north end a large fenced-in yard, which includes the semi-works unit, provides safe facili ties for outdoor storage and han dling of fuels and hazardous mate rials. In the event that the Engi neering and Aeronautical Research Laboratories are later moved to this location, the new Chemical Labora tory will form the east wing of an "E" shaped building. Efficiency and convenience of op eration has been emphasized in the layout and equipment of the build ing. Among the desirable features are: an enclosed balance room; a 28-foot length of stone hood for the analytical room; other hoods with a double level of working surface from 15 to 36 inches from the floor; a fully automatic distilled water boiler; re frigerator and boxes for ice and dry ice; a manifold of low pressure nitro gen lines, to avoid continual moving of cylinders from room to room; and a complete inter- and outer-commu nicating telephone system as well as inter-laboratory paging loud speaker. This change in location has been made imperative by the over crowded condition in die Milwaukee Avenue laboratories, and the space vacated has been a welcome boon to the laboratories and departments there. In 1932 when the Chemical Laboratory was moved from Yonkers to Detroit in order to be in proximity to the Engineering Laboratory, the staff comprised Dr. Calingaert, six trained chemists, a stenographer and a handyman. In contrast, the present staff numbers about 35 members as the result of additional demands for service from the Laboratory and the increased scope of its activities. These include close cooperation with Engineering and Aeronautical Laboratories and Manufacturing and Medical Departments in the design and prosecution of experimental pro grams and in assisting them to handle their various problems which call for consideration from the chemical viewpoint and for chemical experi mental investigation and research. The Sales, Advertising, Legal and other departments are also provided with information, analyses, etc., as the occasion may require. On its own initiative, the Chemical Laboratory undertakes research along lines of importance to the Corporation: these include a detailed study of the manufacture and properties of alkyl lead compounds; investigation of other anti-knock compounds, both genuine and purported; synthesis of pure hydrocarbons, determination of their physical properties, study of the chemistry of their combustion and numerous other activities in re lated fields. ETHYL NEWS [ 16} ETC 22556 I It /, the t, six rand esent ;rs as 3s for d the ation itical gand esign lproindle ill for nical .periarch, and ided j., as own atory es of these the alkyl n of both sis of ation dy of stion n re- :ws BBCB2UBBB 1939 [ 17 ] Light and Comfortable Quarters for Stenographic Dept. ETC 22557 N November 3rd, 1939, the Na The final event draws a huge Otional Com Husking Contest crowd and for three or four days was celebrated at Douglas Countyp,rior to it a holiday spirit exists Kansas, near Lawrence. This is thaemong the farmers. This serves as greatest fanner sporting event of the an excellent1 opportunity for the im year with contestants from eleven plement manufacturers and others states in the National Com Husking to exhibit their wares and full ad Contest Association. The winner and vantage is taken of it. The fields ad runner-up of each state form the con joining the actual contest field are testants for the National meeting. replete with exhibitions of all kinds having any connection whatever with farming. The exhibition fields might be referred to as a convention of circuses, several large tents being erected at various points in which demonstrations and exhibitions are continually being made. On this oc casion a number of oil companies had exhibits of various kinds. The photograph shows Ethyl's booth at the 1939 event. Something over 4,000 fanners visited this booth during the four-day session and asked questions and sought informa tion regarding tractor fuels and trac tor motors. This year's contest was won by Mr. Lawrence Pitzer, the Indiana contestant. Mr. Pitzer's record was 28.39 bushels net in 80 minutes. The next contestants in order were from Minnesota, Illinois, Missouri, Ne braska, Iowa, and Kansas. It is worthy of note that the winner's wagon was drawn by a high com pression Model WC Allis-Chalmers tractor. Each of the tractor companies had two or three tractors in the field and Allis-Chalmers high compression models were in the money twice, drawing huskers in first, fifth and seventh positions. The estimated crowd for the event was 120,000. Ethyl Clinic on the Air in Utica MOBILE transmitting unit of Radio Station WIBX, Utica, New York, shown in front of Ethyl Motor Clinic during a special fifteen minute broadcast on the afternoon of October 19th. The broadcast was in the nature of a discussion between Mr. N. W. Cook, Business Manager of Station WIBX, and Mr. R. J. Coveney, Clinic Manager, during which the purpose of the Clinic and its pro gram were outlined in brief. A chassis dynamometer demonstration was presented as a part of the broad cast. Reports from listeners in the Utica area indicate that the recep tion was highly satisfactory. A re cording which was made of the dis cussion and demonstration was used for rebroadcast over Station WIBX that evening. :{ il .. , I * \, . V ; WfBX ` SPtCfAL VNTS ............ V, ETBYE NEWS [ 18 ] ETC 22558 .atever fields ention being which ns are uis ocpanies ethyl's ething booth i and ormaltrac* an by .diana J was s. The from , NeIt is ;mer's comlmers shad d and ;ssion wice, i and aated 0. :ws W.H.Hubner Heads New Refinery Technology Division facts relating to the behavior of tet raethyl lead in gasolines of different types. An increasing understanding of the causes of the discrepancies between standard laboratory tests and road performance anti-knock tests also has indicated such a need. The close relations maintained by the Ethyl Gasoline Corporation with the automotive, petroleum, aviation, tractor and truck and bus industries, plus the extensive research data ac cumulated by its engineering lab oratories, permits of an opportunity to render valuable service to the re fining technology of customer oil companies in helping them to deter mine the most practicable procedure WILLIAM H. HUBNER for producing the best gasoline, and producing it most economically. J. B. TAYLOR, JR. Dr. Edgar believes that conven DR. Graham Edgar, Vice Presi tional laboratory tests do not always dent and Director of Research provide the answer to the problems of the Ethyl Gasoline Corporationo, f the refinery and that trends and has announced the establishment of future requirements in both fuels work on motor fuels at the Riverside laboratories. He retained this posi tion, traveling quite extensively to contact the various licencees of that a refinery technology division which and automobiles require careful company, until he joined the Ethyl will cooperate with the technical de evaluation. Through the newly cre Gasolin Corporation in October. partment of customer oil companies ated Refinery Technology Division, Mr. Hubner is the author of nu in solving their individual problems the Ethyl Corporation expects to merous papers on motor, aircraft arising from advances in chemical place its scientific and technological and Diesel fuels, which deal par and automotive engineering and aid experience at the service of petro ticularly with source, methods of them in gaining the most efficient leum refining in this country in the evaluation and specification. He is utilization of tetraethyl lead with development of further progress in secretary of the Chicago Section of various types of gasolines. To head fuels and engines. the Society of Automotive Engi this new division Ethyl has engaged Mr. Hubner brings to his new as neers, as Associate Fellow of the In Mr. William H. Hubner, well known signment a long experience and wide stitute of Aeronautical Science, a in automotive and technical circles acquaintance in technical circles, member of the American Petroleum through his association during the last ten years with the Universal Oil Products Company. He is to be as which started in 1923 when he began his business career as test engineer for the Chevrolet Motor Car Com Institute and of the Cooperative Fuel Research Committee. Mr. Taylor has been with Ethyl sisted in this new activity by Mr. pany. The following year he was ap since 1931. After successful work in J. B. Taylor, Jr., of the Corporation's pointed to a petroleum fellowship at the Baltimore Sales Division, he was Detroit Engineering Laboratory. the Mellon Institute of Industrial Re transferred to Detroit Sales Engi The new division will be located search. During 1925 he engaged in neering where, for several years, he in Detroit in order that it may work a business venture in Florida but the has been active in cooperative pro 4> in close cooperation with the re following year became associated grams with automotive, truck and search and engineering staffs there. with the Universal Oil Products Co. tractor companies. He has also done It is expected to begin operation where he was occupied developing considerable work on aircraft en about January 1st, 1940. a motor fuel knock-testing labora gines and fuels under the direction For some time the company has tory. In 1927 he again returned to of Mr. S. D. Heron. For the past ten given consideration to creating this Florida but 1929 found him once months he has been studying various new technical activity, in order to fill more with Universal Oil Products. branches of engineering and re a need which has become increas- In a short time he was given the title search work preparatory to filling his ingly apparent with the develop of Automotive Engineer in charge of new assignment in the Refinery ment of many hitherto unrecognized all engine-test and engine-research Technology Division. a DECEMBER 1939 f 19 ] ETC 22559 New Sales Division onWest Coast MR. J. Coard Taylor, Vice Presi and Idaho (formerly in the Los An dent in charge of sales, has an geles Division) and Montana and nounced a number of changes in thWe yoming (formerly in the Chicago field organization which will become Division). Mr. Harry Kuhe, former effective on January 1st, 1940. Assistant Division Manager of the A new division has been estab Tulsa Division, has been appointed lished with headquarters at Seattle, Division Manager at Seattle. His as Washington, which will cover the sistant will be Mr. C. F. Naylor, who states of Oregon, Washington, Utah has been in charge of Clinic No. 9 in the Chicago Division. Mr. L. L. Huxtable has been ap pointed Assistant Division Manager at Tulsa, replacing Mr. Kuhe, while Mr. M. P. Murdock, formerly in charge of our Clinic No. 4 in the New York Division, has been ap pointed Assistant Division Manager of the Los Angeles Division. Ethyl Motor Clinic Itinerary Clinic Number 1 A. D. Martin, Manager 2 L. A. Dollahan, Manager 3 W. A. Newman, Manager 4 M. P. Murdock, Manager 5 H. E. Cottrell, Manager 6 E. L. Mason, Manager 7 M. Littlefield, Manager 8 B. J. Coveney, Manager 9 C. F. Naylor, Manager io C. M. Berry, Manager 11 S. T. Pruitt, Jr., Manager Division Los Angeles Chicago Dayton New York Tulsa Baltimore New York Boston Chicago Kansas City Atlanta Present Location Remains Approx. Next Location Opens Approx. Los Angeles, Cal. Permanently 977 West 6th Street Oshkosh, Wis. 12/21 Sheboygan, Wis. 39 Ceape Street Mansfield, Ohio 1/2 Undetermined Special Work Until January -- Special Show for Army 12/21 Camp Normoyle, Texas Charleston, S. C. 1069 King Street 1/2 Jamaica, L. I. 12/20 94-15 Merrick Boulevard Albany, N. Y. 1/2 81 Lexington Avenue Saint Joseph, Mich. 301 Main Street 12/20 Topeka, Kansas 12/22 1011 West Sixth Street Jacksonville, Fla. 12/15 917 West Adams Street Buffalo, N. Y. Corpus Christi, Tex. 1/2 Undetermined Paterson, N. J. 1/2 Undetermined Undetermined Undetermined Orlando, Fla. 12/20 ETHYL SEWS f 20 1 ETC 22560 en apanager . while rly in in the an apinager Jens prox. 1/2 1/2 2/20 EWS NEWSBRIEFS Following our practice of out-Winchelling 1 Janet R. Barkmeyer became a Winchell and giving news before it makes the headlines, please refer to page 17 of We welcome to the Ethyl family member of Harry the April issue of the "News" wherein was Dorothy Rogan Mack's Dayton reported that Jack Pruitt (Atlanta Div.) who has recently Division staff on would step off the precipice into the state joined the Ac October 1st. She of matrimonial bliss in the month of "May counting Depart is an honor gradu be". Although we missed the date slightly ment in the Gray ate of Stivers Bus we are happy to announce that Jack did bar. Building. iness School in step off and marry Miss Jean Fleming of Dorothy is a na-. Dayton. Being Nashville, Tennessee, on October 14th, tive New Yorker dramatically in 1939. The wedding was solemnized at and is now living fy' clined, she has en twelve o'clock noon at the Vine Street at Rockaway f-.. . I- acted many different types of characters in Christian Church in Nashville. Acting in Beach, Long Island. She graduated from amateur productions. the capacity of best man was Joe Costello. the Straubenmueller High School in New Janet, before joining the Ethyl family, The entire Atlanta Division are very York City in 1935.and had also been a ' was connected with the Underwood-Elliot happy and highly pleased with Jack's ac student at St. Joseph's Academy. Fisher Company, being in charge of the tions. It is their thought that after ten Dorothy's previous business experience Training Department on Elliot Fisher busi years of roaming the Division in the guise includes employment with the Stores' Mu ness machines and also Secretary to the of a bachelor, his actions were entirely tual Protective Association and the Post Branch Manager of that company. This Ethy(ca)l. Both the Bride and Groom are Office at Atlantic Beach. business experience gives her a good back tuned for peak performance and we hope Her favorite forms of diversion are ground for her work with Mr. Mack. that there will he no knocks in their matri swiming and horseback riding. e monial vehicle. A very important event took place at 2 a.m. Tuesday, November 14th, at the New Rochelle Hospital. Master Everett Arnold Webb, Junior, made his entry into this world and immediately there was cause for great celebrating as he has the distinc tion of being our President's first grand son. His paternal parent is a member of our Administration Department in the Graybar Building and lost no time in dis tributing cigars and candy in celebration of the big event. Master Webb weighed 7 lbs. 14 ozs. and we are delighted to re port that Arnold Senior, Mrs. Webb and Arnold Junior are doing nicely. This very recent addition to the Ethyl Infantry has a young sister about six years old. Con gratulations to all the Webbs and many, many thanks for the excellent smokes and sweets. mot We take this op portunity to pub licly welcome]ohn F. Wallis to our Ethyl family. Jack, who has recently assumed the duties of a chemist in our Manufactur ing Department at Deepwater, hails from Northeast, Maryland, and is a graduate of the Uni versity of Delaware, Class of 1939. Con sidering the facilities offered in the locale of his home town, it is not surprising that Jack's hobbies are gunning ana boating. Incidentally the boys at the plant have nicknamed him Dewey and the Ethylgals From Los Angeles comes word of the ar rival of Susan Woods Chenault on Novem ber 5th, 1939. The young lady who, by the way, is the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. An derson Hume Chenault, tipped the scales on her birthday at 7 lbs. 5 ozs. We are delighted to report that Hume stood up under the strain remarkably well and inci dentally Mrs. Chenault and Susan are do ing beautifully. Our congratulations to the whole family. e o "I thought perhaps you'd like to know That I arrived today. So here's a card to tell the news, My name and what I weigh. Frances Dorothea October 24, 1939 8 lbs. 4 ozs. The John Clifford Popes." Paul R. B. Dixon of the Baton Rouge Manu facturing plant, became eligible for his Ethyl five-year service pin and took unto himself a wife on the same day, July 1st, 1939. He was married to Louisa M. Ogden call him No-Nox. We refer to the photo graph as ample reason. The Following Dorothea's proud pappy is Manager of the Yonkers Laboratory. Our hearty congratu lations to the Pope family. An event occurring "down east" recently of Natchez, Mississippi, in one of that city's famous Pilgrimage show houses. Service Awards which should be of interest to many of our personnel, has just come to our attention. Members of the Baton Rouge Manufactur ing Plant staff were ushers at the wedding. have been made as of At a dancing contest staged in the Terrace Dining Room of the Hotel Statler in Boston Our congratulations, late as they may be, are extended to the Dixons. The `News' December 1st, 1939 on November 13th, all prizes were won, including the grand sweepstakes (a quart regrets that lack of information prevented 5 YEARS of champaign) by one "Vemon Dionne" 4 our reporting this before. mom From Bloomfield, N. J., comes our latest Helen A. Leonard Sales, Pacific Coast Taylor. The occasion was to celebrate the birth of a son in the Taylor family (No vember "News"). Believe it or not, the addition to the Stenographic Department. Rose E. Lipsitz dance which took the grand prize and Marjory Paterson Smith, a young Scotch Aero. Research, Detroit brought down the house was the "Boomps- lassie, is filling the vacancy left by Lillian Weis who has been transferred to the Manufacturing Department (New York of E. Lowell Mason, Jr. Sales, Baltimore A-Daisy." However, the winner continued to climb to even greater heights as the evening wore on. l fice). Marjory is a graduate of the Bloom Michael A. Remondino We might say that one of the prizes won field High School as well as the Packard Engineering, San Bernardino by Mr. Taylor was a series of dancing Business School in New York City. She lessons at Arthur Murray's School. It is resigned her position with Langguth-Olson J. Ross St. Germain understood he intends to avail himself of Co. to join the Ethyl family and we wel Sales, Baltimore this during a lull in his golf and other come her to our midst. sporting activities. `1 ETC 22561 ETC 22562 printed in U