Document x57jgRoN0vwRQzbjZap93Zzm1

Fluoropolymers Monitoring Technical Group September 18,2003 AR226-2339 EXP000593 Agenda Program Overview - EPA Suggested Priority Change Discussion Landfills Soil Sampling Biota Sampling Possible Sources of Exposure EXP000596 APFO M anufacture // Fluoropolymer Summary Processing * Articles of Commerce EXP000597 APFO Manufacture 99% Reduction in emissions as compared to prior manufacture Air dispersion modeling Water monitoring - Prior Manufacturer - New technology baseline Program Plant Design LOI LOI/other LOI Timing In place Complete Ongoing Ongoing >99% Emissions Rduction APFO M anufacture Air Dispersion Modeling Water Monitoring Fluoropolymer Summary Processing Articles of Commerce EXP000598 LOI ECA \c Non-Fluoropolymer Products Program Timing Commitment to not sell APFO outside fluoropolymer industry LOI Ongoing EXP000599 >99% Emissions Reduction APFO M anufacture Air Dispersion Modeling Water Monitoring Fluoropolymer Summary Processing - Fluoropolymer M anufacture * Dry Resin Processing Articles Aqueous R esin Processing * of Commerce EXP000600 LOI ECA Fluoropolymer Manufacture Global Material Balance 50% Emissions Reduction Commitment 2002 Status - 48% reduction from the baseline Monitoring/Modeling Commitments - Air dispersion modeling - Groundwater - Soil - Landfill Program pre-LOI pre-LOI LOI LOI/other Other Other Timing Complete 2006 12/31/03 Ongoing (Today) (Today) >99% E m ission s Reduction APFO M anufacture Air Dispersion M odeling Water Monitoring Fluoropolymer Summary >50% Emissions Reduction Fluoropolym er M anufacture Air Dispersion M odeling Water Sampling/ Monitoring EXP000602 LOI ECA Processing/Articles o f Commerce Program Timing Articles of commerce testing - "New " Articles of Commerce - "Aged" Articles of Commerce Dispersion processors material balance Incineration testing LOI ECA LOI ECA 12/31/03 2004 12/31/03 6/30/04 0CPOOO6Q4 >99% E m ission s Reduction APFO M anufacture AnDispersion M odeling Water Monitoring LOI EGA Fluoropolymer Summary >50% Emissions Reduction Fluoropolym er M anufacture Air Dispersion M odeling Water Sampling/ Monitoring ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Articles o f Commerce Testing Dispersion Processors Material Balance Aged Articles o f Commerce Testing Incineration Testing EPA Proposal Delay "Articles of Commerce" testing and goal date and accelerate "Air dispersion modeling" at Fluoropolymer manufacturing sites in order to expedite the process to determine if additional monitoring (and ECA) is needed at these facilities. Impact Program Articles of commerce testing - "New " Articles of Commerce Monitoring/Modeling Commitments - Air dispersion modeling LOI LOI Timing 2/28/04 n rnsbBryT7/qv7tj- 10/31/03 4-2/31m r EXP000605 EC A Technical Subgroup Monitoring Landfill Monitoring and Exposure Summary EXP000606 1 Goal for Today Understand the contribution o f landfills to PFOA levels in the environment EXP000607 Environmental Assessment From Manufacturing Facilities/Landfills 1. Characterize emissions and source parameters from facility/landfill 3. Assess Environmental Exposure Potential EXP000608 Landfills Are Regulated And Well Managed Industrial landfills are subject to State solid waste management requirements: - Most have engineered containment and cover systems (i.e., daily and permanent) - Extensive/frequent surface water and groundwater monitoring - Discharges are NPDES permitted Typica! industrial Landfill Conceptual Model 6 6 TOPSOIL/GRASS 6 & LANDFILL CONCEPTUAL MODEL Typical Landfill Monitoring Surface Water Monitoring - Ponds - Outfalls - Stormwater - Streams Groundwater Monitoring - Program dictated by hydrogeologic complexity - Quarterly or semi-annual Leachate Monitoring What we have learned from monitoring at landfills..... EXP000612 I V Landfills On-site Summary Item Landfill Type Site 1 Engg Cap Site Wells 15 Sampling Events Over 20 On-site PFOA Range 0.058-30,500 (PPb) Site 2 Active 13 10 NQ-22.8 On-site PFOA Mean (PPb) GW-SW Flow (gpy) PFOA Flux (lbs/yr) 2763 525,600 4.03 2.87 6,664,900 8.65 Site 3 Soil Cover 9 8 NQ-65.9 17.7 2,482,000 1.01 EXP000613 V Flux Calculation EXP000614 Groundwater Investigation Steering Team (GIST) EXP000615 i GIST Offsite Summary-3 Landfills Item GIST Offsite Sample # Off-site Samples Offsite PFOA Range (ppb) Offsite PFOA Mean (PPb) Sitel l-mile 30 ND-0.636 0.04 Site 2 l-mile 53 ND-0.974 0.185 Site 3 2-mile 109 ND-14.3 1.46 EXP000616 Landfills-Overall Impressions Landfills are regulated by state permits Permits require: - Engineering controls - Monitoring plans Our experience demonstrates: - Engineering controls are effective for PFOA - The monitoring conducted indicates minimal PFOA contribution to the environment Actions The other Fluoropolymer LOI signatories w ill compare the DuPont data with their industrial landfill data in order to develop an understanding o f the contribution o f other landfills to PFOA environmental loadings 8V9000dX3  }. .... EC A Technical Subgroup Monitoring Soil Sampling Summary EXP000619 Goal for Today Understand the significance o f soil sampling in characterizing the overall manufacturing contribution to PFOA levels in the environment EXP000620 CATT Defined Soil Ingestion Risk Based Concentration 240 mg APFO/kg soil or 240,000 ug/kg Based on typical child/adult exposure through ingestion scenario Soil Exposure Scenario Exposure assessments for soil typically consider the topmost 1 to 2 feet of the soil column where accidental ingestion may occur. Exposure to deeper soils is typically only relevant in an industrial/construction setting. In that case, engineering controls and health and safety measures prevent direct exposure. EXP000622 APME PFOA Adsorption/Desorption Study Key Results: - Most soil types with low to medium organic carbon content displayed very low adsorption capacity. - A high organic content soil/sludge also displayed low "Adsorption Coefficient as a function of organic content" or "Koc". - Water effectively desorbs PFOA Conclusion: - PFOA has low affinity for adsorption onto soils Z9000dX3 PFOA Koc versus Other Chemicals' Cape Fear Drummer . Hidalgo +-- Keyport Wilmington Sludge k Methylene Chloride 200 Low Adsorption 400 600 Koc (mL/g) Napthalene 800 1000 1200 > High Adsorption EXP000624 c \ Other Soil Sampling Observations Fine grained soils (i.e., clays and silts) can support higher PFOA "wet weight" concentrations due to entrapped pore water Soils below the water table less likely to adsorb PFOA Weather conditions (i.e., wet or dry) at the time of sampling will affect results EXP000625 Soil Sampling Summary Two key sampling events: In 1998 approximately 247 soil samples were collected at a fluoropolymer facility: - Objective: Develop concentration versus depth profiles - Random locations throughout site - At Solid Waste Management Unit (wastewater pond) August 2002 at an off-site location (20 samples) EXP000626 630 --I 620610600590580 570 560 Random Site Locations (PFOA in ug/kg) CATT = 240,000 ug/kg AE05-SB02 AI06-SB01 Z09-SB01 AC06-SB03 AC06-SB05 AA05-SB01 22.0 14.0 34.0 5.0 5.5 13.5 20.0 55.0 6.0 6.0 39.0 6.5 12.0 5.5 6.0 10.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 20.0 Ul 5.0 5.5 5.5 ' 0, . 6.5 5.0 11.0 oa. 1Q 5.0 5.0 16.0 6.0 5.5 12.0 5.5 6.0 12.0 Note: Sept. 1998 after 3 months normal precipitation Solid Waste Management Unit (PFOA in ug/kg) CATT = 240,000 ug/kg 610 --j 600 590 580 570 - /// /// P04-SB02 50 R04-SB02 9500 Q04-SB02 ____ 170 48000 11000 7900 mm 11 560 - 1 Note: Former waste management pond constructed with bentonite clay liner EXP000628 Off-site Location-August 2002 (PFOA in ug/kg) 600-1 NW-1 CATT = 240,000 ug/kg SW-1 590 - 580- 570 - 560 - 550- 540 - Note: Collected after 6 weeks of below normal precipitation EXP000629 Conclusions Adsorption/Desorption data suggests APFO will not adsorb to soils Sample data verifies that APFO does not build up in soils EXP000630 / APME PFOA Adsorption/Desorption Study Key Results: - Most soil types with low to medium organic carbon content displayed very low Adsorption Coefficients (Kd). Range: 0.41-8.86 mL/g - A high organic content soil/sludge also displayed relatively low Kd (12.6-36.8 mL/g) - Water effectively desorbs PFOA Conclusion: - PFOA has low affinity for adsorption onto soils EXP000631 Kd Chart EXP000632 Soil Sampling Summary In 1998 approximately 247 soil samples were collected at a fluoropolymer facility: - PFOA Results Surface 0-2 ft Depth: Site-wide: Mean 31.3 ug/kg (40 samples) Waste Pond/Clay Liner: Mean 2,842 ug/kg (4 samples) - PFOA Results-Site Soil Boring Profile: 0-2 ft. 13.5 ug.kg Clay/Silty Clay 4-6 ft. 20.0 ug/kg Clay/Silty Clay 8-10 ft. 39.0 ug/kg Clay/Silty Clay 16-18 ft. 10.5 ug/kg Clay/Silty Clay 20-22 ft. 20.0 ug/kg Clay/Silty Clay 40-42 ft. 11.0 ug/kg Sand 60-62 ft. 12.0 ug/kg Sand & Gravel -*Mean PFOA across site not including waste pond: 40.16 ug/kg (226 samples) CATT = 240,000 ug/kg EXP000633