Document x1zNg0k5qOMJX7pKRE9bwnNpm

1990 CLEAN AIR ACT AMENDMENTS Vinyl Chloride Safety Association September 26-27, 1991 Denver, Colorado Joseph C. Ledvina Vista Chemical Company Houston, Texas CTL019572 CLEAN AIR ACT Titles Title I: Nonattainment (Ozone) Title II: Motor Vehicles Title 111: Air Toxics Title IV: Acid Rain Title V: Permits Title VI: Stratospheric Ozone Title VII: Enforcement Title VIII: Miscellaneous Title IX: Research Title X: Disadvantaged Title XI: Jobs vcsa2 CTL019573 CLEAN AIR ACT Air Toxics Any air pollutant for which a national ambient air quality standard does not exist that may reasonably be anticipated to cause cancer, developmental effects, neurological disorders, reproductive dysfunctions, heritable gene mutations or other serious or irreversible chronic or acute health effects in humans. 189 substances Includes VCM and EDC vcsa3 CTL019574 AIR TOXICS Levels of Control Technology-based regulations Residual risk reduction vcsa4 CTL019575 AIR TOXICS Technology Standards Maximum Achievable Control Technology MACT applies to major sources A major source emits lOT/Yr of any toxic or 25T/Yr total toxics Generally Available Control Technology GACT applies to minor sources Source is the complex within the fenceline vcsa5 CTL019576 AIR TOXICS Source Categories Source category list by November, 1991 Examples Polyvinyl Chloride & Copolymers Production Dichloroethane Production Methanol Production Vinyl Chloride Production Production of Synthetic Organic Chemicals vcsa6 CTL019577 AIR TOXICS MACT Schedule November, 1992 Timetable for sources to be regulated MACT for first 40 categories November, 1994 MACT for first 25% of categories November, 1997 MACT for second 25% of categories November, 2000 MACT for remaining categories vcsa7 CTL019578 AIR TOXICS MACT Compliance Compliance with MACT within 3 years of publication First 40 categories must be in compliance by November, 1995 A one year extension is available for special situations vcsa8 CTL019579 AIR TOXICS Early Reduction Credits MACT compliance can be delayed 6 years Voluntarily reduce air toxics 90% before the MACT standards is proposed 95% reduction for particulates vcsad CTL019580 AIR TOXICS MACT Definition New sources - at least as good as the best similar sources have achieved Existing sources - at least as good as the best 12% existing sources have achieved These "MACT Floors" will be based on local, state and federal regulations vcsalO CTL019581 MACT Regulated Processes Waste Operations Fugitive Emissions Storage Tanks Container Loading Process Vents CTL019582 MACT Waste Operations Based on existing federal Benzene Waste Operations regulation Controls emissions from: Sewers Separators Impoundments Waste handling Wastes containing more than X ppm air toxics will need to be controlled vcsa12 CTL019583 MACT Fugitive Emissions MACT based on recently negotiated rule among industry, environmentalists and EPA Valve leak frequency must be less than 2% A leak is 500 ppm Pump leak frequency must be less than 10% Failure to meet the frequency requires implimentation of an improvement program vcsa13 CTL019584 MAGT Storage Tanks MACT based on New Source Performance Standard for organic liquid tanks Floating roofs Alternatives that provide 95% emission reductions vcsa14 CTL019585 MACT Transport Loading MACT based on the Benzene Loading rule Controls for loading of rail cars and trucks Barge and ship loading may be included 95-98% emission reduction vcsa15 CTL019586 MACT Process Emissions Based on Reactor Emissions federal New Source Performance Standard Requires controls from process vents above minimum level Minimum is based on vent characteristics Organic content Flow rate Heating Value CTL019587 vcsa16 AIR TOXICS Impact on Vinyl Industry VCM Plants likely to be in the first group MACT compliance by November, 1995 PVC Plants likely to be in the first 25% with MACT compliance by November, 1997 VCM emission probably already meet MACT EDC emissions will require the more work vcsa17 CTL019588 MACT Implimentation Operating Permits State must develop operating permit programs by November, 1994 Sources (industry) must submit permit applications by November, 1995 MACT requirements will be written into operating permits CTL019589 vcsa18 AIR TOXICS Residual Risk EPA must report to Congress on risk assessment techniques by November, 1996 A scientific panel is advising EPA Once MACT is installed, industries must evaluate remaining air toxic risk Fenceline One in a million risk or less required vcsald CTL019590 CAS Number 75070 60355 75058 98862 53963 107028 79061 79107 107131 107051 92671 62533 90040 1332214 71432 92875 98077 100447 92524 117817 542881 75252 106990 156627 105602 133062 63252 75150 56235 463581 120809 133904 57749 7782505 79118 532274 108907 510156 67663 107302 126998 Chemical Name Acetaldehyde Acetamide Acetonitrile Acetophenone 2-Acetylaminofluorene Acrolein Acrylamide Acrylic Acid . Acrylonitrile Ally! Chloride 4-Aminobiphenyl Aniline o-Anisidine Asbestos Benzene (including Benzene from Gasoline) Benzidine Benzotrichloride Benzyl Chloride Biphenyl Bis (2-Ethylhexy!) Phthalate (DEHP) Bis (Chloromethyl) Ether Bromoform 1,3-Butadiene Calcium Cyanamide Caprolactam Captan Carbary! Carbon Disulfide Carbon Tetrachloride Carbonyl Sulfide Catechol Chloramben Chlordane Chlorine Chloroacetic Acid 2-Chloroacetophenone Chlorobenzene Chlorobenzilat Chloroform Chloromethyl Methyl Ether Chloroprene CAS Number 1319773 95487 108394 106445 98828 94757 3547044 334883 132649 96128 84742 106467 91941 111444 542756 62737 111422 121697 64675 119904 60117 119937 79447 68122 57147 131113 77781 534521 51285 121142 123911 122667 106898 106887 140885 100414 51796 75003 106934 107062 107211 Chemical Name Cresols/Cresylic Acid (Isomers and Mixture) o-Cresol m-Cresol p-Cresol Cumene 2,4-D, Salts and Esters DDE Diazomethane Dibenzofurans 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane Dibutylphthalate 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (p) 3,3-Dichlorobenzidene Dichloroethyl Ether (Bis (2-Chloroethyl) Ether) 1,3-Dichloropropene Dichlorvos Diethanolamine N,N-Diethyl Aniline (N,N-Dimethylaniline) Diethyl Sulfate 3,3-Dimethoxybenzidine Dimethyl Aminoazobenzene 3.3'-Dimethyl Benzidine Dimethyl Carbamoyl Chloride Dimethyl Formamide 1,1 -Dimethyl Hydrazine Dimethyl Phthalate Dimethyl Sulfate 4,6-Dinitro-O-Cresol and Salts 2,4-Dinitrophenol 2,4-Dinitrotoluene 1,4-Dioxane (1,4-Diethyleneoxide) 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine Epichlorohydrin (1 -Chloro-2,3-Epoxypropane) 1,2-Epoxybutane Ethyl Acrylate Ethyl Benzene Ethyl Carbamate (Urethane) Ethyl Chloride (Chloroethane) Ethylene Dibromid (Dibromoethane) Ethylene Dichloride (1,2-Dichloroethane) Ethylene Glycol CTL019591 CAS Number 151564 75218 96457 75343 50000 76448 118741 87683 77474 67721 822060 680319 110543 302012 7647010 7664393 123319 78591 58899 108316 67561 72435 74839 74873 71556 78933 60344 74884 108101 624839 80626 1634044 101144 75092 101688 101779 91203 98953 92933 100027 79469 Chemical Name Ethylene Imine (Azindine) Ethylene Oxide Ethylene Thiourea Ethylidene Dichlonde (1,1-Dichloroethane) Formaldehyde Heptachlor Hexachiorobenzene Hexachlorobutadiene Hexachlorocyclopentadiene Hexachioroethane Hexamethylene-1,6-Diisocyanate Hexamethylphosphoramide Hexane Hydrazine Hydrochloric Acid Hydrogen Fluoride (Hydrofluoric Acid) Hydroquinone Isophorone Lindane (All Asomers) Maleic Anhydride Methanol Methoxychlor Methyl Bromide (Bromomethane) Methyl Chloride (Chloromethane) Methyl Chloroform (1,1,1-Trichloroethane) Methyl Ethyl Ketone (2-Butanone) Methyl Hydrazine Methyl Iodide (lodomethane) Methyl tsobutyt Ketone (Hexone) Methyl Isocyanate Methyl Methacrylate Methyl Tert Butyl Ether 4.4-Methylene Bis (2-Chloroaniline) Methylene Chloride (Dichloromethane) Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate (MDI) 4,4'-Methylenedianiline Naphthalene Nitrobenzene 4-Nitrobiphenyl 4-Nitrophenol 2-Nitropropane CAS Number 684935 62759 59892 82688 87865 108952 106503 75445 7803512 7723140 85449 1336363 1120714 57578 123386 114261 78875 75569 75558 91225 106514 100425 96093 1746016 79345 127184 7550450 108883 95807 584849 95534 8001352 120821 79005 79016 95954 88062 121448 1582098 540841 108054 Chemical Nam N-Nitroso-N-Methylurea N-Nitrosodimethylamine Parathion Pentachloronitrobenzene(Quintobenzene) Pentachlorophenol Phenol p-Phenylenediamine Phosgene Phosphine Phosphorus Phthalic Anhydride Polychlorinated Biphenyls (Aroclors) 1.3- Propane Sultone Beta-Propiolactone Propionaldehyde Propoxur (Baygon) Propylene Dichloride (1,2-Dichloropropane) Propylene Oxide 1.2- Propylenimine (2-Methyl Aziridine) Quinoline Quinone Styrene Styrene Oxide 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin 1.1.2.2- Tetrachloroethane Tetrachloroethylene (Perchloroethylene) Titanium Tetrachloride Toluene 2.4- Toluene Diamine 2.4- Toluene Diisocyanate o-Toluidine Toxaphene (Chlorinated Camphene) 1.2.4- Trichlorobenzene 1.1.2- Trichloroethane Trichloroethylene 2.4.5- Trichlorophenol 2.4.6- Trichlorophenol Triethylamine Trifluralin 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane Vinyl Acetate CTIj019592 CAS Number 593602 75014 75354 1330207 95476 108383 106423 Chemical Name Vinyl Bromide Vinyl Chloride Vinylidene Chloride (1,1-Dichloroethyl ne) Xylenes (Isomers and Mixture) o-Xylenes m-Xylenes p-Xylenes Antimony Compounds Arsenic Compounds (Inorganic including Arsine) Beryllium Compounds Cadmium Compounds Chromium Compounds Cobalt Compounds Coke Oven Emissions Cyanide Compounds Glycol Ethers Lead Compounds Manganese Compounds Mercury Compounds Fine Mineral Fibers Nickel Compounds Polycylic Organic Matter Radionuclides (including Radon) Selenium Compounds CTL019593