Document x1Mq227a97v6Jedw2q5NVJVLb

ISTITUTO DI RICERCHE FARMACOLOGICHE "MARIO NEGRI, FONDAZIONE PER RICERCHE ERETTA IN ENTE MORALE CON D. P. R. 361 DEL > APRILE 1961 - REG. PERSON'E GIUR, TRIB, MILANO N, 162, VOL. J CONTO CORRENTE POST. N- 3/59071 RFCOGNIZED AS A TAX EXEMPT ORGANIZATION UNDER SECTION 501 Cc) (3) OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA INTERNAL REVENUE CODE CXDNFIDEOT1AL ETHYLENE DICHLORIDE Report on the clinical chemistry results, after 6 months inhalatory exposure Second Report Milan, December 1976 20157 MILANO - Via Eritrea. 62 Tel. 35.5-1,J46.35.70.546 Telex 372G8 NEGR1NST SL 83i45 1 The following is the description of the clinical chemistry data obtained after 6 months exposure of rats to inhalatory Ethylene Dichloride (ECD). As detailed in a previous report, animals (Sprague Dawley rats of both sexes) have been treated by Dr. Maltoni (Microbiological Institute, Bologna, Italy) according to his protocols of exposure and employing 4 levels of ECD exposure, i.e. : 250, 50, 10 and 5 ppm, whereas controls, caged in equal conditions, breathed only air. Blood samples were obtained by heart puncture of ether-anesthetized animals; urine samples were collected in the week preceding sacrifice by placing the animals in metabolic cages in the 'off' exposure hours. All samples were coded and analysed blindly, the code being broken after termination of all analyses. Animal nos. 811-818 correspond to female controls (group C) and nos. 854-861 to male controls; rats nos. 9-16 correspond to females and nos. 54-61 to males exposed to 250 and later to 150 ppm (hereafter group 4) (cfr. Maltoni's protocol). Rats nos. 209-216 correspond to females and nos. 254-261 to males exposed to 50 ppm ECD (group 3) ; nos. 409-416 were females and nos. 454-462 to males exposed to 10 ppm ECD (group 2) whereas nos. 609-616 v/ere female rats and nos. 654-651 were male rats exposed for 6 months to 5 ppm ECD (Group 1). Details of the techniques employed for the various tests were presented in a former report to which we refer. Statistical significance at the p<0.05 level of the data was assessed by means of Duncarls multiple range test. SL 083146 Results obtained can be summarized as follows; BUN -(Table 1 and 2) . In female rats, a significant decrease in mean BUN levels in respect to controls was found in groups 1,2 and 3 , i.e, those exposed to the lower BCD levels, whereas in males a significant decrease was present only in group 1 although a tendency towards a decrease was present also in groups 2 and 3. No changes were found in groups 4 (i.e. 250 ppm later to 150 ppm) in either sex. The biological significancy of this type of results is probably doubtful. Serum Glucose - (Tables 3,4). No significant differences in respect to controls were found either in males or females exposed to ECD at any dosage level. Serum bilirubin - (Tables 5,6) . No statistically significant differences were found in both sexes between control and exposed rats, although a tendency towards a dose-related increase was present , more evident in females. Serum total proteins - (Tables 7,8). No statistically significant differences were found betwTeen control and exposed rats of either sex. Serum albumin - (Tables 9 , 10). No statistically significant differences were found between control and ECD-exposed rats of either sex. Serum GOT-levels - (Tables 11,12). No statistically significa differences were found between control and exposed rats of either sex. SL 083147 3 Serum LDH - (Tablesl3,14) , In female rats a tendency toward an increase in levels was present in all exposed groups, this increase showing however no dose relationship and reaching statistical significance only in group 3. Levels were slightly elevated in comparison to controls also in ECD-exposed males, again however no clear dose-response relationship was present and in no group the difference reached statistical significance. Serum cholesterol - (Tables 15,16). In female exposed rats the values were superimposable to those of controls; in males a slight tendency towards an increase was seen in all groups, higher in groups 1 and 2 (i.e. ECD levels of 5 and 10 ppm respectively). However no statistical significance was reached in any group. Uric acid serum levels - (Tables 17,18) . In both males and female a tendency towards an increase in levels was observed which did not show a clear dose-relationship in males nor reached stati stical significance in either sex or group. Alkaline phosphatase - (Tables 19,20). In females a tendency towards a decrease showing a roughly inverse dose-relationship was present but the differences did not reach statistical signifi cance in any group. In male rats, the values were very scattered with a profound decrease in group 1 (ECD 5 ppm) and lower decreases in groups 2 and 4; no differences with controls were seen in group 3. SL 083148 4 Albumin percent levels - (Tables 21,22) . No statistically significant differences were found either in females or males. Alpha-1 globulins - (Tables 23,24) . No statistically significant differences were found between controls and exposed rats. Alpha-2 globulins - (Tables 25,27) . A tendency towards a dose-relaaed increase was seen in females not reaching statistical significance. In males a not significant increase was seen only in groups 2 and 4 Beta globulins -(Tables 27,28) No significant differences were seen. Gamma globulins - (Tables 29,30) No differences in females; a slight , not significant, not dose-related tendency towards an increase in male rats. 1" " + + -- Na , K , Ca , Cl , inorganic P - (Tables 31-40) No statistically significant differences were observed. Leukocyte numbers - (Tables 41 42). A slight, not significant decrease was seen in group 4 animals both males and females; a higher decrease was however present in group 1 of male rats. Hematocrit - (Tables 43,44) . No significant differences in either sex , the tendency towards an increase (not dose related, not significant) present in females being absent in males. SL 083149 5 Hemoglobin content (Tables 45,46). No significant differences. Erythrocytes numbers - (tables 47,48) . No significant differences. Mean erythrocyte volume -(Tables 49,50). A tendency towards a decrease (not significant; not dose-related) was found in males. Platelet number (Tables 51,52). No differences in females, a tendency (not statistically significant) towards a decrease in male rats exposed to 250-150 ppm ECD was on the other hand seen. Basophilic and eosinophilic leukocytes - (Tables 53-56) . No significant differences. Segmented and non segmented neutrophilic leukocytes (Tables 57-60). Contrasting tendencies between males and females exposed to ECD, in any case no significant differences were detected. No differences for non-segmented neutrophils . Lymphocytes (Tables 61, 62) . A slight, not dose-related, not significant decrease in females, the opposite in males again not significant. Monocytes - (Tables 63,64). No significant differences. SL 083150 6 Urinary erythrocytes and glucose - (Tables 65,66;69,70). No significant differences. Urinary albumin - (Tables 67,68). A tendency towards an increase in animals exposed to the higher ECD dose (250-150 ppm) was seen; the semiquantitative assay does not permit statistical analysis. Urinary ketones, bilirubin, casts (Tables 71,76). No differences between exposed and controls. Urinary leukocytes, crystals, mucus, epithelial cells and microorganisms (Tables 77-86). No obvious differences between exposed and ECD-exposed animals could be detected. COMMENT : On the basis of the data so far obtained, the ECD treatments employed would seem to be reasonably tolerated by the animals. Although changes in some of the parameters investigated (LDH, SGOT, Cholesterol, Bilirubin, Uric acid levels) were seen, in no case these differences reached statistica significance nor was a dose-response relationship clearly evident; accordingly the biological significance of these results for a possible involvment of the liver and the kidneys, is at the moment very uncertain. S3j 083151 s TABLE 1 - BUN values in control and ECD-exposed in female rats. CONTROL Rat No. rrg 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 20 23 16 23 25 11 21 18 GROUP 1 Rat No. mg% 60 9 15 610 15 611 13 612 12 613 12 614 18 615 14 616 9 GROUP 2 Rat No. mgs 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 16 15 15 15 16 15 11 17 GROUP 3 Rat No. mg% 209 15 210 12 211 16 212 12 213 17 214 22 215 16 216 16 GROUP 4 Rat No. mg% 9 21 10 20 11 18 12 20 13 17 14 18 15 20 16 16 X S. E. 19.62 1.60 13.50 0.94 Statistical analysis : Group C vs 1 ;; C vs 2 C vs 3 p <0.001 p <0.005 p <0.05 " 1 vs 4 p <0.005 " 2 vs 4 p <0.05 15 .00 0.62 15.75 1.11 18.75 0.62 SL 083152 TABLE 2 - BUN values in control and ECD-exposed male rats CONTROL Rat No. mg% 854 855 856 857 858 859 8 60 861 19 18 19 15 17 15 20 21 GROUP 1 Rat No. mg% 654 10 655 14 656 14 657 12 658 io 659 12 660 9 661 13 GROUP 2 Rat No. mg% 454 455 456 457 458 459 461 462 25 12 14 16 17 16 13 14 GROUP 3 Rat No. mg% 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 15 16 15 16 13 17 17 19 GROUP 4 Rat No. mg% 54 15 55 19 56 22 57 18 58 15 59 18 60 16 61 17 X S. E. 18.00 0.78 11 .75 0.67 15.87 1 .43 Statistical analysis : GroupC vs 1 : p <0.001 " 1 vs 2 : p < 0.05 " 1 vs 3 : p <,0.05 16.00 0.63 17.50 0.82 SL 083153 11 TABLE 3 - Serum glucose in control and ECD exposed female rats. CON TROL Rat No . mg's 811 90 812 95 813 75 814 HO 815 80 816 60 817 100 818 125 GROUP 1 Rat No. mg% 60 9 95 610 80 611 105 612 145 613 75 614 85 615 95 616 125 GROUP 2 Rat No. me", 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 130 105 105 90 80 85 90 120 GROUP 3 Rat No. mg% 209 115 210 85 211 110 212 115 213 85 214 100 215 140 216 95 GROUP 4 Rat No. mg% 9 115 10 85 11 95 12 125 13 100 14 95 15 100 16 80 X 91.87 E. 7.25 100.00 8.18 101.25 6.53 No statistically significant differences were found between any group. 105.60 6.51 99.37 5.21 SL 083154 TABLE 3 - Serum glucose in control and ECD exposed female rats. CONTROL Rat No. mg% 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 90 95 75 110 80 60 100 125 GROUP 1 Rat No. mg% 609 95 610 80 611 105 612 145 613 75 614 85 615 95 616 125 GROUP 2 Rat No. irtgl. 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 130 105 105 90 80 85 90 120 GROUP 3 Rat No. mg% 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 115 85 110 115 85 100 140 95 GROUP 4 Rat No. mg% 9 115 10 85 11 95 12 125 13 100 14 95 15 100 16 80 X 91.87 .E. 7.25 100.00 8.18 101.25 6.53 No statistically significant differences were found between any group. 105.60 6.51 99.37 5.21 TABLE 4 - Serum glucose in control and ECD-exposed male rats. CONTROL Rat No. mg% 854 80 855 90 856 65 857 95 858 75 859 100 860 100 861 120 GROUP Rat No. 1 mg% 654 150 655 115 656 120 657 115 658 115 659 125 6 60 1 35 661 1 25 GROUP 2 Rat No. mg% 4 54 150 455 125 456 75 457 85 458 95 459 90 461 120 462 110 GROUP 3 Rat No. mg% 254 loo 255 80 256 85 257 75 258 65 259 105 260 90 261 135 GROUP 4 Rat No. mg% 54 90 55 105 56 105 57 95 58 90 59 90 60 90 61 135 X S.E. in 90.62 6 .08 112.00 14.85 106.25 8.75 No statistically significant differences were found between any group. 91.87 7.67 100.00 5.51 083156 1 jI TABLE 5 - Serum bilirubin levels in control and ECD-exposed female rats. CONTROL Rat No. mgi 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 0.7 1.4 1.1 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.9 1.2 GROUP 1 Rat No. mg% 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 0.8 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.7 1.1 0.8 1.1 GROUP 2 Rat No. mg% 409 1.2 410 1.0 411 1.7 412 1.5 413 1.4 414 0.7 415 0.9 416 0.8 GROUP 3 Rat No. mg% 209 1.4 210 0.5 211 1.2 212 0. 6 213 1.2 214 1.5 215 1.0 216 1.5 GROUP 4 Rat No. mg% 9 1.7 10 0.9 11 1.0 12 1.2 13 1.5 14 1.4 15 1.5 16 1.0 X S.E. 0.875 0.11 0.95 0.057 1.15 0.12 ui No statistically significant differences were found between any group. C 08315 -j 1.11 0.13 1.275 0.10 TABLE 6 - Serum bilirubin levels in control and ECD-exposed male rats CON TROL Rat No. mg % 854 855 856 857 858 859 8 60 861 0.9 1 .2 0.6 0.9 1 .6 0.4 0.7 0.8 GROUP 1 Ra t No. mg% 654 0.7 655 3.1 656 0.6 657 0.6 653 0.8 659 1 .2 6 60 1 .0 661 1 .0 GROUP 2 Rat No. mg% 454 1 .1 455 1.3 456 1.7 457 0.7 458 1 . 4 459 1 .4 461 1 . 1 462 1 . 3 GROUP 3 Rat No. mgl 254 1 . 3 255 1.2 256 0.4 257 0.6 258 0.4 259 0.9 260 1.1 261 1 .2 X S. E. 0.88 0.82 1 . 25 0.88 0.1 3 0.29 0.10 0.13 No statistically significant differences were found between any group. GROUP 4 Rat No. mg% 54 2.0 55 1 . 1 56 1.2 57 1 . 3 58 0.8 59 1 .7 60 0.6 61 1.8 1 . 31 0.17 TABLE 7 Serum total protein levels in control and ECD-esposed female rats CONTROL Rat No. g% 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 7.6 7.0 7.1 6.6 7.0 5.8 8.3 7.0 GROUP 1 Rat No. g% 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 7.3 7.2 6.6 6.4 5.5 7.5 7.2 6.8 GROUP 2 Rat No. g% 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 6.7 6.6 7.0 7.7 7.9 7.6 5.6 7.2 GROUP 3 Rat No. g% 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 6.2 6.5 7.2 7.9 7.5 8.5 7.5 7.6 X S . E. 7 .05 0.25 6.81 0.23 7.03 0. 26 No statistically significant differences were found between any group. co 17 o oo UJ or U) 7.36 0.26 GROUP 4 Rat No. g% 9 8.1 10 6.7 11 7.3 12 7.5 13 7.8 14 7.3 15 8.4 16 7.3 7.55 0.19 TABLE 8 - Serum total protein levels in control and ECD-exposed male rats i CONTROL Rat No. g% 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 6.5 6.5 6.2 6.2 7.5 6.5 6.9 7.5 GROUP 1 Ra t No. g% 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 5.8 7.5 6.3 6.3 5.9 5.9 6.3 7.0 GROUP 2 Rat No. g% 454 455 456 457 4 58 459 461 462 7.9 6.8 6.5 6.4 7.4 7.0 7.1 6.7 GROUP 3 Ra t No. g% 254 6.7 255 7 .0 256 6.7 . 257 7.3 258 6 .0 259 6 .0 2 60 7.3 261 7.4 GROUP 4 Rat No. g% 54 6.9 55 6.5 56 7 .0 57 7.0 58 7.3 59 7 .0 60 6.3 61 6.9 X S.E. 6.72 0.18 6.40 0.21 6.97 0.17 6.80 0. 20 No statistically significant differences were found between any group. 6.86 6.11 SL 083160 h TABLE 9 - Serum albumin levels in control and ECD-exposed female rats. CONTROL Rat No. g% 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 3.6 3.3 3.2 2.9 3.5 2.2 3.9 3.2 GROUP 1 Rat No. g% 609 3.2 610 3 . 3 611 3.0 612 2 .9 613 2.0 614 3.7 615 3.5 616 3.7 GROUP 2 Rat No. g% 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 3.2 2.7 3.3 3.6 3.8 3.3 2.6 3.4 X S.E. 3.225 0.18 3.16 0.19 3.23 0. 14 No statistically differences were found between any group. co t1 o oo UJ cn GROUP 3 Rat No. g% 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 2.8 3.1 3.2 3 .7 3.2 3.9 4 .0 3.8 GROUP 4 Rat No. g% 9 4 .1 10 2.7 11 3.7 12 3.4 13 3.6 14 3.1 15 3.7 16 3.2 3.46 0.16 3.437 0.15 :1 TABLE 10 - Serum albumin levels in control and ECD-exposed male rats. CONTROL Ra t No. g% 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 2.7 2.6 2.4 2.7 3.3 2.7 2.8 2.6 GROUP 1 Rat No. g% 654 2.4 655 3.1 656 2.6 657 2.8 658 2.4 659 2.6 660 2.7 661 2.5 GROUP 2 Rat No. gS 454 3.1 455 2.4 456 2.3 457 2.6 458 3.0 459 2.8 461 2.4 462 2.8 GROUP 3 Rat No. g% 254 2.7 255 2.7 256 2.3 257 2.9 258 2.3 259 2.5 260 2.8 261 2.8 X S.E. 2.72 2.63 2.67 0.09 0.08 0.10 No statistically significant differences were found between any group. 2.62 0.08 co o 00 u> a\ to GROUP Rat No. - 4 g% 54 2.9 55 2.8 56 3.2 57 2.7 58 2.5 59 2.8 60 2.6 61 2.7 2.77 0.07 TABLE 11 Serum GOT levels in control and ECD-exposed female rats. CONTROL Rat No. rr.u/ml 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 96 79 64 85 69 ' GROUP 1 Rat No. mU/ml 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 90 84 78 84 85 GROUP 2 Rat No. raU/ml 409 88 410 411 95 412 413 73 414 71 415 416 79 GROUP 3 Rat No. mU/xnl 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 77 96 83 91 62 78 GROUP 4 Rat No. mU/ml 9 93 10 11 57 12 13 103 14 15 98 16 99 X S.E. 84.20 1.91 81 . 20 4.54. No statistically significant differences were found between any group. 81.17 4.88 91.00 8.55 co t* o oo oj G\ u> I TABLE 12 - Serum GOT levels in control and ECD-exposed male rats. CONTROL Rat No. mU/rtil 854 67 855 856 857 95 858 859 77 8 60 63 861 GROUP 1 Rat No. mU/ml 654 66 655 656 70 657 88 658 88 659 60 660 88 661 85 GROUP Rat No. 2 mU/ml 4 54 97 455 456 87 457 93 458 88 459 461 90 462 99 GROUP Rat No. 3 mU/ml 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 100 63 - 71 95 - A S.E. 75.50 6.05 77.85 4.58 92.33 2.01 No statistically significant differences were found between any group. cn C [o ! CP CP -- vc-r1i ------- 82.25 9.00 GROUP 4 Rat No. mU/ml 54 83 55 75 56 57 87 58 _ 59 98 60 100 61 63 84.33 5.73 T )i rf ! TABLE 1 3 Serum LDH levels in Control and ECD-exposed female rats CONTROL Rat No. mU/ml 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 4 80 4 50 290 320 4 60 370 500 GROUP 1 Rat No. mU/ml 609 -- 610 540 611 550 612 590 613 510 614 520 615 450 616 410 GROUP 2 Rat No. mU/ml 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 370 3 20 390 350 550 490 6 20 GROUP 3 Rat No. mU/ml 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 640 360 640 610 - 660 380 GROUP 4 Rat No. mU/ml 9 5 50 10 640 11 510 12 13 550 14 560 15 340 16 360 X S.E. 410.00 31.32 Statistical analysis: Iroup C vs 3 : P<0.05 CO F o CD Ul cn Ln 510.00 23.20 441.40 42.79 548.30 56.75 501 .42 41 .83 TABLE 14 - Serum LDH levels in control and ECD-exposed male rats. I ---- CONTROL Rat No. mU/ml in CO 854 856 857 858 859 860 861 400 510 570 620 340 400 640 GROUP 1 Rat Ho. mU/ml 654 580 655 540 656 4 60 657 6 30 658 680 659 360 6 60 660 661 5 30 GROUP Rat No. 2 mU/ml 454 410 455 456 6 30 457 5 50 458 459 510 461 660 462 350 GROUP Rat No. 3 mU/ml 254 255 256 257 258 259 2 60 261 370 550 380 6 60 590 400 670 550 GROUP Rat No. 4 mU/ml 54 540 55 670 56 57 600 58 6 50 59 610 60 530 61 550 X S.E. co ir* o 00 0J G\ 497.14 44.86 555.00 37.97 518.33 49.56 521.00 43.34 No statistically significant differences were found between any group 592.80 20.75 TABLE 15 - Serum cholesterol levels in control and ECD-exposed female rats. CONTROL Rat No. mg% 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 130 1 10 115 95 100 95 130 110 GROUP 1 Rat No. mg% 609 105 610 110 611 110 612 110 613 80 614 125 615 -1 20 616 1 40 GROUP 2 Rat No. mg% 409 11 5 410 95 411 115 412 1 25 413 140 414 105 415 90 416 120 GROUP 3 Rat No. mg% 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 110 100 115 105 105 115 120 115 GROUP 4 Rat No. mg% 9 135 10 95 11 95 12 110 13 120 14 110 15 115 16 110 X S.E. 110.62 4.95 112.50 6.12 112.60 5.42 No statistically significant differences were found between any group 110.60 2.40 110.875 4.58 TABLE 16- Serum cholesterol levels in control and ECD-exposed male rats. CONTROL Rat No. mg% 854 1 10 855 1 10 856 115 857 1 1 5 858 105 859 95 8 60 115 861 100 GROUP 1 Ra t No. mg% 654 100 655 155 656 1 30 657 1 35 658 150 659 100 660 120 661 155 GROUP 2 Rat No. mg% 454 1 10 455 1 30 456 1 35 457 135 458 1 50 459 1 35 461 140 462 130 GROUP 3 Rat No. mg% 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 115 115 115 125 115 105 120 120 GROUP 4 Rat No. mg% 54 135 55 11 5 56 105 57 120 58 120 59 11 5 60 1 20 61 110 X S.E. co tr* o oo Ui CTi co 108.125 2.66 130 .00 7 .99 133.12 4 .00 116.25 2.06 No statistically significant differences were found between any group. 117.50 3.13 TABLE 17 Uric acid serum levels in control and ECD-exposed female rats CONTROL Rat No. mg% 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 2. 3 2.7 3.3 2.5 2.5 3.5 3.9 4.4 GROUP 1 Rat No. mg% 609 2 .9 610 3.2 611 3.3 612 3.2 613 2.6 614 3.5 615 3.0 616 2.6 GROUP 2 Rat No. mg% 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 3.6 4.1 2.7 4.1 3.6 2.5 3.6 3.3 GROUP 3 Rat No. mg% 209 3.6 210 2.1 211 4.5 212 2.8 213 3.4 214 3.7 215 3.4 216 3.1 GROUP 4 Rat No. mg% 9 3.6 10 3.1 11 4.7 12 4.8 13 4.1 14 3.6 15 4 .0 16 2.8 X S.E. 3.13 0.27 3.03 0.11 3.43 0.21 No statistically significant differences were found between any group. co cn vo 3.32 0.25 3.84 0.25 TABLE 18-Uric acid serum levels in control and ECD-exposed male rats CONTROL Ra t No. mg% 854 3.3 855 3.3 856 3.0 857 2.7 858 3.3 859 2.5 8 60 3.1 861 3.3 GROUP 1 Rat No. mg% 654 3.3 655 3.6 656 3.9 657 3.7 658 3.4 659 3.5 6 60 3.9 661 3.8 GROUP 2 Rat No. mg% 454 3 .1 455 4 .0 456 3.7 457 3.3 458 3.2 459 3.1 461 3.9 462 3.8 GROUP 3 Rat No. mg% 254 3.4 255 2.9 256 2.7 257 3.2 258 3.4 259 3.2 260 2.9 261 3.4 GROUP Rat No. 4 mg% 54 3.7 55 3.5 56 3.3 57 3.2 58 3.9 59 3.8 60 3.4 61 4.4 X S.E. 3.06 0.11 3.63 0.08 3.51 0.13 3.13 0.09 No statistically significant differences were found between any group 3.65 0.13 ! I TABLE 19 - Serum levels of alkaline phosphatase in Control and ECD-exposed female rats CONTROL Rat No. mU/ml 811 72 812 1 36 813 116 814 120 815 104 816 84 817 126 818 62 GROUP 1 Rat No. mU/ml 609 100 610 118 611 70 612 104 613 68 614 96 615 92 616 52 GROUP 2 Rat No. mU/ml 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 60 76 80 106 60 114 88 90 GROUP 3 Rat No. mU/ml 209 88 210 84 211 66 212 64 213 112 214 94 215 100 216 122 GROUP 4 Rat No. mU/ml 9 150 10 84 11 102 12 84 13 1 18 14 108 15 128 16 100 X 102.50 E. 9.51 87.50 7.79 84.25 6.90 No statistically significant differences were found between the groups . co t* o 03 lO H-J1 91 .25 7.20 96.65 15.73 I TABLE 20 - Serum levels of alkaline phosphatase in control and ECD-exposed male rats. CONTROL Rat No. mU/ml 854 855 856 857 858 859 8 60 861 1 76 90 1 52 68 168 144 - 1 62 GROUP 1 Rat No. mU/ml 654 655 656 657 658 659 6 60 661 58 78 50 50 56 58 72 48 GROUP 2 Rat No. mU/ml 454 455 456 457 458 459 461 462 102 80 76 102 102 118 98 122 GROUP 3 Rat No. mU/ml 254 194 255 186 256 146 257 154 258 78 259 124 260 108 261 142 GROUP 4 Rat No. mU/ml 54 94 55 62 56 1 22 57 1 34 58 134 59 96 60 60 61 116 X S.E. cn F o co w H1 <1 to 137.14 14.68 58.75 3.83 100.00 5.66 Statistical analysis : Group 1 vs 4 : P <0.05 II 1 vs 2 : P CO.05 II II 1 vs G : P <0.001 1 vs 3 : P <0.001 141.5 0 13.61 102.25 10.44 T/iBLE 21 Percent concentration of albumin in control and ECD-exposed female rats CONTROL Rat No. mg% 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 57.1 51 .0 55.3 50 .0 53.7 50.9 53.3 41 . 2 GROUP Rat No. 1 mg% 609 50.7 610 50.1 611 52.9 612 50.3 613 52.2 614 52.3 615 55.5 616 47.9 GROUP 2 Rat No. mg% 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 50.0 48.8 55.3 50.8 50.8 49.2 47.5 48.0 GROUP 3 Rat No. mg% 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 48.5 52.0 52.6 54.8 48.4 57.0 49.3 52.1 GROUP 4 Rat No. mg% 9 49.8 10 51.2 11 47.1 12 48.0 13 53.7 14 43.3 15 50.7 16 49.1 X S.E. 51.56 1.70 51.48 0.80 50.05 0.86 No statistically significant differnecs were found between the groups . 51.83 1 .08 49.11 1.10 to tr> o 00 u> -u w TABLE 22 - Percent concentration of albumin in control and ECD-exposed male rats CONTROL Rat No. mg% 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 58.8 47.6 45.0 48.9 45.9 55.1 51.3 41.2 GROUP 1 Rat No. mg% 654 44.9 655 43.0 656 58.3 657 48.0 658 48.5 659 44.4 6 60 46.7 661 44.5 GROUP 2 Rat No. mg% 454 455 456 457 458 459 461 462 48.6 41.4 34.1 50.0 41 .2 49.2 38.8 41.2 GROUP 3 Rat No. mg% 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 45.6 54.4 47.1 47.8 50.2 45.7 48.3 48.3 GROUP 4 Ra t No. mg% 54 -47.3 55 44.7 56 45.1 57 54 . 2 58 54.6 59 40.8 60 47.9 61 40.0 X S.E. cn ooo UJ 49.26 2.00 47.28 1.71 43.06 2.00 48.42 1.00 No statistically significant differences were found between any group. 46.82 5.41 TABLE 23 - Percent concentration of alpha-l-globulins in control and ECD exposed female rats CONTROL Rat No. mg% 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 11.4 13.0 14.6 1 8.8 16.3 1 4.8 16.9 14.8 GROUP 1 Rat No. mg% 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 13.7 14.5 16.4 1 7 .0 14. 2 17.7 15.4 16.0 GROUP 2 Rat No. mg% 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 14.9 15.4 14.6 15.9 16.0 19.7 1 5 .0 19.2 GROUP 3 Rat No. mg% 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 15.2 18.2 13.3 15.1 13.2 11.6 17.0 15.1 GROUP 4 Rat No. mg% 9 13.9 10 16.5 11 16.2 12 12.0 13 14.5 14 16.1 15 12.1 16 18.2 X 15.07 S.E 0.81 15.61 0.50 16.33 0.70 No statistically significant differences were found between the groups. 14.80 0.75 14.93 0.78 TABLE 24 - Percent concentration of alfa- 1 - globulins in control and ECD-exposed male rats. ; CONTROL Rat No. mg% 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 11.4 16.0 20.0 20.0 16.5 10.9 17.5 20.2 GROUP 1 Ra t No. mg% 654 22.5 655 16.0 656 12.1 657 17.6 658 12.5 659 20.3 6 60 20.4 661 18.1 GROUP 2 Rat No. mg% 454 455 456 457 458 459 461 462 16.7 22.7 22.0 14.0 20.6 14.7 21.3 20.7 GROUP 3 Rat No. mg% 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 17.8 12.0 17.7 19.3 16.7 17.7 16.5 16.1 GROUP 4 Rat No. mg% 54 14.3 55 15.4 56 18.4 57 13.6 58 16.7 59 19.8 60 16.4 61 19.0 X S.E. co !C o 000J H -0 <Ti 16.56 1 . 31 16.68 1.62 19.08 1 .21 16.725 0.76 No statistically significant differences were found between the groups 16.70 0.79 TABLE 25 - Percent concentration of alpha-2-globulins in 1 and ECD-exposed female rats CONTROL Rat No. mg% 811 8.2 812 10.2 813 9.4 814 7.9 815 6.4 816 8.5 817 6.5 818 10. 3 GROUP 1 Rat No. mg% 609 9.6 610 8.2 611 9 .0 612 10.2 613 10.9 614 8.6 615 6.4 616 8.7 GROUP 2 Rat No. mg% 409 10.7 410 10.3 411 7.3 412 9.6 413 9.5 414 9.9 415 12.5 416 8.3 GROUP 3 Rat No. mg% 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 13.7 7.9 7.6 8.3 13.2 6.7 8.5 12.4 X S.E. 8.42 0.53 8.95 0.48 9.76 0.55 No statistically significant differences were found between any group. 9.78 0.99 GROUP 4 Rat No. mg% 9 6.9 10 6.5 11 11.8 12 8.0 13 11.6 14 12.4 15 12.1 16 9.1 9.80 0.87 TABLE 26 - Percent concentration of alfa-2-globulins in control and ECD-exposed male rats. CONTROL Rat No. mg% 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 9.3 8.7 8.4 11.2 9.5 10.9 10.0 10.5 GROUP 1 Rat No. mg% 654 8.2 655 13.0 656 9.9 657 8.3 658 10.1 659 9.5 660 10.7 661 8.4 GROUP 2 Rat No. mg% 454 10.8 455 14.7 456 17.6 457 10.0 458 13.3 459 11.5 461 12.5 462 12.7 GROUP 3 Rat No. mg% 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 7.6 6.6 9.9 10.1 8.4 10.6 9.5 11.5 GROUP 4 Rat No. mg% 54 13.2 55 12.4 56 9.9 57 10.8 58 13.1 59 14.5 60 6.6 61 13.7 X S.E. cn t1 o oo u> H -O OO 9.81 0.36 9.76 0.57 12.88 0.85 9.27 0.57 No statistically significant differences were found between the groups 11.77 0.91 1 TABLE 27 Percent concentration of beta globulins in control and ECD-exposed female rats. CONTROL Rat No. mg% 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 14 16.7 14.6 1 7.6 13.6 16.4 18.2 22.1 GROUP 1 Rat No. mg% 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 16.5 19.9 15.4 14.1 16 .4 12.8 15.2 18.9 GROUP 2 Rat No. mg% 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 14.9 16.7 15.7 15.9 15.5 16.4 15.0 16.5 GROUP 3 Rat No. mg% 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 15.2 15.8 15.1 13.7 15.4 16.2 15.5 13.7 X S.E. 15.20 1-96 16.15 0.83 15.82 0.24 No statistically significant differences were found between any group. cn V o oo oj F1 WO 15.07 0.32 GROUP 4 Rat No. mg% 9 22.0 10 17.9 11 17.7 12 20.0 13 16.0 14 18.6 15 14.5 16 17.3 18.10 0.87 TABLE 28 - Percent concentration of beta-globulins in control and ECD-exposed male rats CONTROL Rat No. rag% 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 12.4 20.3 18.4 16.9 21 .2 14.9 15.0 19.4 GROUP 1 Rat No. mg% 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 16.4 21.0 12.1 17.8 18.0 17.6 14.6 19.5 GROUP 2 Rat No. mg% 4 54 17.9 455 13.4 456 16.5 457 19.0 458 16.2 459 16.4 461 20.0 462 17.3 GROUP 3 Rat No. mg% 254 255 256 257 258 259 2 60 261 21 .5 20.7 17.7 16.3 18.8 16.5 14.2 17.3 GROUP Rat No. 4 mg% ' --1 54 17.6 55 17.0 56 18.4 57 13.6 58 10.8 59 17.2 60 19.6 61 19 .O X S. E. 17.31 1 .07 17.12 0.98 17.08 0.71 17.87 0.84 No statistically significant differences were found between any group 16.65 1 .05 TABLE 29 Percent concentration of gamma-globulins in control and ECD-exposed female rats. CONTROL Rat No. mg% 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 9 .4 9.9 6.3 6.3 10.0 9.4 5.2 11.8 GROUP 1 Rat No. mg% 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 9.6 7.3 6.4 8.4 6.6 8.5 7.6 8.7 GROUP 2 Rat No. mg% 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 9.6 9 .0 7.3 8.0 8.3 5.0 10.0 8.3 GROUP 3 Rat No. mg% 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 7.5 6.3 11.4 8.3 9.9 8.6 9.9 6.9 GROUP 4 Rat No. mg% 9 7.6 10 7.9 11 7.4 12 12.0 13 4.4 14 9.9 15 10.6 16 6.4 X S.E. 8.53 0.81 7.88 0.39 8.18 0.55 No statistically significant differences were found between any group . cn o oo u> oo 8.50 0.60 8.28 0.87 n rt TABLE I CONTROL Rat No. mg% 30 - Percent concentration of gamma globulins in control and ECD-exposed male rats. GROUP 1 Rat No mg% GROUP 2 Rat No. mg% GROUP 3 Rat No. mg% GROUP 4 Rat No. mg% 854 855 856 857 858 859 8 60 861 8.3 7.3 8.4 3.2 7.1 8.2 6.3 8.9 654 8.2 655 7 .0 656 7.7 657 8.3 658 10.9 659 8.2 6 60 7.8 661 9.7 454 6 .0 455 8.0 456 9.9 457 7.0 458 8.9 459 8.2 461 7.5 462 8.1 254 7.5 255 6.6 256 7.9 257 6.7 258 6.1 259 9.5 260 11.8 261 6.9 54 7.7 55 10. 5 56 8.2 57 8.2 58 4.8 59 7.9 60 9.8 61 8.5 X S.E. CO tr1 o 00 0J 00 to 7.21 0.64 8.47 0.44 7.95 0.41 7.87 0.67 No statistically significant differences were found between any group. 8.20 0.59 i TABLE 31 - Na+ concentration in control and ECD-exposed female rats r t* CONTROL Rat No. mEq/ml 811 148 812 142 813 1 50 814 145 815 149 816 150 817 152 818 145 GROUP 1 Rat No. mEq/ml 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 1 50 140 147 145 152 147 147 148 GROUP 2 Rat No. mEq/ml 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 150 152 143 150 145 152 141 140 GROUP 3 Rat No. mEq/ml 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 150 151 140 147 137 145 148 140 GROUP 4 Rat No. raEq/rnl 9 143 10 148 11 147 12 143 13 150 14 143 15 140 16 140 X S. E. 147.62 1.18 147.00 1 .25 146.62 1.75 No statistically significant differences were found between the groups. cn F o oo u> 00 0J 144.75 1.83 144.25 1.31 TABLE 32 Na concentration in control and ECD-exposed male rats CONTROL Ra t No. mEq/ml GROUP 1 Rat No. mEq/ml 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 145 152 152 152 145 150 148 145 654 144 655 147 656 147 657 145 658 143 659 143 660 152 661 151 GROUP 2 Rat No. mEq/ml 454 147 455 1 45 456 145 457 143 458 155 459 150 461 148 462 152 GROUP 3 Rat No. mEq/ml 254 255 256 257 258 259 2 60 261 146 150 150 150 147 145 147 146 GROUP 4 Rat No. mEq/ml 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 143 150 140 152 152 147 148 150 X S.E. co ir1 o t-1 oo 148.62 1.16 146.50 1 .22 148.12 1.42 147.60 0.73 No statistically significant differences were found between any group 147.75 1.52 TABLE 33 - K+ concentration in control and ECD-exposed female rats. CONTROL Rat Ho. mEq/ml 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 9.5 8.7 8.5 7.8 8.2 9.5 7.7 9.8 GROUP 1 Rat No. mEq/ml 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 9.5 9.9 9.3 9.7 8.7 9.9 9.6 8.2 GROUP 2 Rat No. mEq/ml 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 9.6 9.7 9.4 9.1 9.9 8.4 9.8 9.2 GROUP 3 Rat No. mEq/m-1 209 9.9 210 7.9 211 9.9 212 7.6 213 9.7 214 9 .0 215 9.8 216 9.9 GROUP 4 Rat No. mEq/ml 9 9.2 10 9.8 11 9.2 12 9.8 13 9.9 14 9.8 15 9.2 16 9.. 6 X S.E. 8.35 0.19 9.35 0.21 9.38 0.17 No statistically significant differences were found between any group. in lr1 o oo CO LT1 9.21 0.34 9.56 0.11 ( 1 I j TABLE 34 K concentration in control and ECD-exposed male rats. CONTROL Rat No. mEq/ml GROUP 1 Rat No. mEq/ml 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 8.2 9.4 8.8 9.5 9 .0 8.4 8.5 8.9 654 9 .0 655 9.6 656 9.4 657 9 .0 658 9.8 659 9.2 660 9.8 661 8.9 GROUP 2 Rat No. mEq/ml 4 54 455 456 4r7 458 459 461 462 9.9 9.5 9.5 no 9.8 9 .6 8.8 9.9 GROUP 3 Rat No. mEq/ml 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 9.6 7.0 7.9 8.4 9.3 9.8 9.6 9.9 GROUP Rat No. 4 mEq/ml 54 9.9 55 9.5 56 9.8 57 9.8 58 9.7 59 9.4 60 7.9 61 9.6 X S.E. CD f ooo 0J H 00 CTi 8.83 0.16 9.33 0.13 9.35 0.25 8.93 0.37 No statistically significant differences were found between the groups 9.45 0.23 < .> TABLE 35 - Ca ++ concentration in control and ECD-exposed female rats CONTROL Rat No. mEq/ml 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 813 10.8 9.4 9.1 9.1 9.3 7.0 1 2 .0 9.1 GROUP 1 Rat No. mEq/ml 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 9.7 8.5 9 .0 9 .0 6.7 10.3 9.7 9.3 GROUP 2 Rat No. mEq/ml 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 9.6 7.7 10.2 8.5 9.0 10.2 8.0 9 .9 GROUP 3 Rat No. mEq/ml 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 9 .0 9.9 9.5 10.5 9.5 10.8 11 .0 9.9 GROUP 4 Rat No. mEq/ml 9 10.5 10 7.6 11 10.0 12 9.9 13 8.7 14 9.3 15 9.1 16 8.7 X S.E. cn t* o oo Hoo ~o 9.47 0.51 9 .02 0.38 9.13 0.35 10.01 0.24 No statistically significant differences were found between any group. 9.225 0.32 TABLE 36 - ++ Ca concentration in control and ECD-exposed male rats CONTROL Rat No. mEq/ml GROUP 1 Rat No. mEq/ml 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 9.5 9.8 10.4 9.2 9.3 9.3 8.4 9.9 654 655 656 657 658 659 6 60 661 8.9 6.9 8.0 9.8 9.3 8.3 8.8 9.6 GROUP 2 Rat No. mEq/ml 454 455 456 457 458 459 461 462 8.8 9.8 8.3 9.9 8.7 8.9 8.8 9.4 GROUP 3 Rat No. mEq/ml 254 8.7 255 9.7 256 8.2 257 11.1 258 8.7 259 9.3 260 9.6 261 10.0 GROUP 4 Rat No. mEq/ml 54 8.5 55 11.1 56 10.3 57 9.3 58 9.0 59 8.9 60 10.2 61 8.6 X S.E. cn f o co u> oo oo 9.47 0.21 8.57 0.33 9.07 0.20 9.41 0.32 No statistically significant differences were found between any group. 9.48 0.33 TABLE 37 - Cl concentration in control and ECD-exposed female rats CONTROL Rat No. mEq/ml 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 112 97 104 98 93 95 98 101 GROUP 1 Rat No. mEq/ml 609 95 610 105 611 100 612 100 613 108 614 105 615 106 616 107 GROUP Rat No. 2 mEq/ml 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 104 99 100 107 105 118 102 108 GROUP 3 Rat No. mEq/ml 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 101 1 10 107 1 10 100 102 97 120 GROUP 4 Rat No. mEq/ml 9 102 10 109 11 120 12 97 13 112 14 116 15 103 16 103 X S.E. cn f o 03 03 oo uo 99.75 2.12 103.25 1.58 105.37 2.12 105.80 2.63 No statistically significant differences were found between any group. 107.75 3.09 TABLE 38 - Cl concentration in control and ECD-exposed male rats CON TROL Rat No. mEq/ml 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 107 119 98 102 118 117 99 114 GROUP 1 Rat No. mEq/ml 654 104 655 98 656 103 657 99 658 102 659 105 660 117 661 110 GROUP 2 Rat No. mEq/ml 454 98 455 98 456 98 457 121 458 107 459 106 461 96 462 100 GROUP 3 Rat No. mEq/ml GROUP 4 Rat No. mEq/ml 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 97 94 98 106 100 102 100 109 54 104 55 111 56 108 57 99 58 102 59 100 60 102 61 97 X S.E. cn tr> o oo ui o 109.25 3.11 104.75 2.18 103.00 2.93 100.75 1.72 No statistically significant differences were found between any group. 102.87 1.65 -4 TABLE 39 - Inorganic P concentration in control and ECD-exposea feurale rats CONTROL Rat No. mEq/ml 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 7.0 5.8 6.0 4.7 4.9 4.5 5.5 7.2 GROUP 1 Rat No. mEq/ml 609 6.4 610 6.6 611 4.7 612 5.6 613 4.5 614 5.8 615 6.0 616 5.6 GROUP 2 Rat No. mEq/ml 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 6.6 5.8 5.5 5.2 7.2 6.2 4.7 5.0 GROUP 3 Rat No. mEq/ml 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 6.5 7.5 7.6 3.9 7.8 6.7 6.7 8.0 X S.E. 5.70 0.36 5.65 0.26 5.77 0.30 No statistically significant differences were found between the groups. cn t* o 00 0J HKD V-* 6.83 0.46 GROUP 4 Rat No. mEq/ml 9 7.0 10 4.2 11 5.9 12 7.4 13 7.6 14 8.0 15 6.7 16 5.9 6.59 0.43 TABLE 40 Inorganic P in control and ECD-exposed male rats CONTROL Rat No. mEq/ml 854 6.2 855 6.7 856 5.8 857 4.3 858 9.3 859 4.7 860 5.0 861 6.7 GROUP 1 Rat No. mEq/ml 654 6.5 655 10.0 656 6.4 657 7.3 658 6.0 659 6.3 6 60 7.6 661 6.6 GROUP 2 Rat No. mEq/ml 4 54 455 456 457 458 459 461 462 6.9 7.9 7.2 5 .0 8.1 6.3 7.0 6.3 GROUP 3 Rat No. mEq/ml GROUP 4 Rat No. mEq/ml 254 5.7 255 6 .2 256 5.8 257 6.5 258 4.4 259 6.2 2 60 6.9 261 7.1 54 9.4 55 7.6 56 5.0 57 6.7 58 7.8 59 8.7 60 6 .0 61 7.0 X S.E. 6 .08 0.55 7.08 0.46 6.82 0.34 6.10 0.30 No statistically significant differences were found between any group 7.27 0.50 TABLE 41 - Leukocyte numbers in control and ECD-exposed female rats CONTROL Rat No. (x103) 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 10.8 17.0 7.6 6.6 9.6 6.4 1 .6 6.4 GROUP 1 Rat No. (xIO3) 609 6 .0 610 8.4 611 12.8 612 5.0 613 12.4 614 5.4 615 10.8 616 7.6 GROUP 2 Rat No. (xIO3) 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 7.8 9.6 5.4 6.6 8.6 7.6 8.2 7.8 GROUP 3 Rat No. (xIO3) 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 8.0 8.0 5.8 10.0 7.8 12.2 8.0 5.4 X S. E. 8.25 1.57 8.55 1 .10 7.70 0.45 No statistically significant differences were found between the groups. co tr* Io J 00 U) H KD UJ 8.02 0.78 GROUP 4 Rat No. (xIO3) 9 6.0 10 8.0 11 4.8 12 7.2 13 5.6 14 6.6 15 5.8 16 6.6 6.325 0.35 TABLE 42 - Leukocyte numbers in control and ECD-exposed male rats CON TROL Rat No. (xlOJ) 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 6.0 5.6 21 .8 9.6 11 .0 7.4 9 .0 3.8 GROUP 1 Rat No. (xIO3) 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 6.4 11 .0 6.8 5.6 4 .O 4.2 4 .6 9.2 GROUP 2 Rat No. (xIO3) 4 54 9.8 455 6.4 456 6.8 457 12.0 458 7.8 459 5.6 461 10.8 462 15.6 GROUP 3 Rat No. (x103) 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 9.2 14.0 13.0 7.6 8.4 7.6 6 .0 14.6 GROUP 4 Rat No. (xIO3) 54 5.0 55 8.0 56 6.2 57 8.0 58 13.6 59 11.8 60 6.4 61 2.6 X S. E . 9.27 1 .97 6.47 0.88 9.35 1 .19 10.05 1.17 No statistically significant differences were found between the groups 7.70 1.26 TABLE 43 - Hematocrit value in control and ECD-exposed female rats CONTROL Rat No. % 811 40 812 37 813 35 814 43 815 41 816 34 817 818 38 GROUP 1 Rat No. % 609 39 610 31 611 42 612 40 613 44 614 37 615 35 616 39 GROUP 2 Rat No. % 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 38 36 30 36 35 37 44 41 GROUP 3 Rat No. % 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 37 40 33 - 34 47 39 26 X S.E. 32.57 1.78 38.37 1 .44 37.125 1.47 No statistically significant differences were found between the groups. 36.57 2.48 Ui o oo ui V) in GROUP 4 Rat No. % 9 41 10 31 11 43 12 38 13 35 14 28 15 39 16 40 36.87 1.83 TABLE 44 Hematocrit value in control and ECD-exposed male rats i CONTROL Rat No. % 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 44 43 39 43 43 46 40 43 GROUP 1 Rat No. % 654 37 655 44 6 56 37 657 - 658 42 659 34 660 45 661 41 GROUP 2 Rat No. % 454 45 455 45 456 36 457 45 4 58 39 459 43 461 41 462 45 GROUP 3 Rat No. % 254 43 255 43 256 48 257 43 258 41 259 41 2 60 45 261 50 GROUP 4 Rat No. % 54 40 55 34 56 40 57 37 58 48 59 40 60 43 61 34 42.62 0.77 40.00 1.54 42.37 1.21 44.25 1.15 No statistically significant differences were found between the groups 40.33 1.97 TABLE 45 - Hemoglobin concentration in control and ECD-exposed female rats CONTROL Rat No. % 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 20 .0 14.0 14.4 15.0 14.8 13.6 8.8 19.0 GROUP 1 Rat No. % 609 1 3 .0 610 11.8 611 12.4 612 15.6 613 13.6 614 11.6 615 12.2 616 13.4 GROUP 2 Rat No. % 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 14.6 18.0 11.8 14.6 12.4 13.2 15.8 13.0 GROUP 3 Rat No. % 209 12.8 210 14.6 211 14.2 212 14.2 213 15.6 214 14.6 215 13.2 216 14.2 GROUP 4 Rat No. % 9 13.6 lO 13.1 11 13.2 12 14 .8 13 6.2 14 15.2 15 15.0 16 15.4 X S.E. 14.95 1.21 11.51 1 .51 14.165 0.71 No statistically significant differences were found between the groups. tn t4 o 00 u> in -o 14.17 0.31 13.31 1 .06 TABLE 46 Hemoglobin concentration in control and ECD-exposed male rats CON TR0L Rat No. % 854 15.2 855 15.2 856 14.2 857 13.6 853 15.8 859 13.2 8 60 1 3.6 861 15.4 GROUP 1 Rat No. % 654 13.0 655 15.4 656 13.4 657 15.6 658 14.8 659 14.0 660 15.0 661 15.0 GROUP 2 Rat No. % 4 54 16.4 455 14.6 456 15.0 457 13.8 4 58 15.4 459 13.2 461 14.4 462 15.0 GROUP 3 Rat No. % 254 255 256 257 258 259 2 60 261 15.4 15.4 13.4 13.4 14.8 13.6 15.0 15.6 GROUP 4 Rat No. % 54 13.0 55 12.2 56 13.4 57 15.0 58 14.8 59 15.2 60 16.0 61 4 .O X E. in o00 u> KD 00 14.52 0.35 14.52 0.33 14.72 0.34 14.57 0.34 No statistically significant differences were found between any group. 12.95 1.35 TABLE 47 - Erythrocyte numbers in control and ECD-exposed female rats. CONTROL Rat No. (xIO6) 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 8.2 7.8 7.0 7.3 8.0 3.9 0.8 6.9 GROUP 1 Rat No. CxIO6) 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 4.8 8.4 7.4 7.4 8.4 7 .0 8.2 4.4 GROUP 2 Rat No. (x10fa) 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 6.3 6 .0 2.6 7.2 4.8 2.8 7.6 6.9 GROUP 3 Rat No. (x10b) 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 3.4 6.6 7.5 7.2 8.0 8.0 6.4 7.0 X S.E. 6.23 0.91 7.00 0.56 5.52 0.68 No statistically significant differences were found between any group. 6.76 0.52 GROUP 4 Rat No. (x10b) 9 4.9 10 7.3 11 3.2 12 8.6 13 0.7 14 7.1 15 8.4 16 8.4 6.075 1.02 co t* o 00 UJ co co ( TABLE 48 - Erythrocyte numbers in control and ECD-exposed male rats. CON TROL Rat No. (xIO6) 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 7.4 6.8 7.0 7.5 9.2 3.5 3.9 7.8 GROUP 1 Rat No. (x10b) 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 4.8 7.2 5.7 8.0 7.0 5.8 7.8 8.6 GROUP 2 Rat No. (x10b) 4 54 8.2 455 8.0 456 6.4 457 7.6 458 8.0 459 4.2 461 7 .6 462 8.0 GROUP 3 Rat No. (x10b) GROUP 4 Rat No. (xlOb) 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 9.0 8.2 7.8 4.0 6.6 5.8 7.6 7.8 54 5.6 55 7.4 56 6.6 57 7.4 58 7.4 59 8.2 60 8.2 61 0. 8 X S.E . 6.63 0.69 6.86 0.46 7.25 0.48 7.10 0. 56 No statistically significant differences were found between any group. to IT* o 0U0i to o o 6.45 0.86 ( 'w TABLE 49 Mean erythrocyte volume in control and ECD-exposed female rats CONTROL Rat No. % 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 55 50 46 59 55 45 52 GROUP 1 Rat No. % 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 80 40 57 59 75 50 47 86 GROUP 2 Rat No. % 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 58 44 99 71 1 26 60 57 GROUP 3 Rat No. % 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 104 55 42 99 45 67 59 - GROUP 4 Rat No. % 9 81 10 40 11 131 12 53 13 - 14 36 15 51 16 53 X S.E. 51.71 1.80 61.75 5.91 73.57 10.18 No statistically significant differences were found between the group. 67.28 32.5 63.57 12.48 co t7 o oo UJ to o TABLE 50 - Mean erythrocyte volume in control and ECD-exposed male rats. CONTROL Rat No. % 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 59 71 53 99 59 128 102 58 GROUP Ra t No. 1 2 654 75 655 59 656 63 657 99 658 57 659 56 660 61 661 55 GROUP Rat No. 2 % 4 54 455 456 457 4 58 459 461 462 61 62 48 62 93 100 56 61 GROUP Rat No. 3 % 254 255 256 257 258 259 2 60 261 58 59 65 107 55 69 62 69 X S.E. 78.62 9.74 66.87 5.05 67.87 6.49 68.00 5.85 No statistically significant differences were found between the groups. GROUP 4 Rat No. % 54 69 55 99 56 58 57 50 58 65 59 54 60 58 61 64 .71 6 .20 TABLE 51 Platelet numbers in control and ECD-exposed female rats CONTROL Rat No. (xlOJ) 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 693 280 350 280 371 210 270 579 GROUP 1 Rat No. (x10J) 609 705 610 527 611 270 612 573 613 360 614 617 615 317 616 690 GROUP 2 Rat No. <x103) 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 330 400 231 250 500 715 412 21 3 GROUP 3 Rat No. (x103> GROUP 4 Rat No. (xIO3) 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 300 440 200 3 50 404 280 280 620 9 231 10 442 11 270 12 580 13 761 14 225 15 305 16 500 X S.E. 380.12 59 .44 507.37 60.27 381.00 59.39 No statistically significant differences were found between the groups 359.00 45.91 414.25 67.87 TABLE 52 - Platelet numbers in control and ECD-exposed male rats CONTROL Ra t No. (x103) 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 441 200 618 698 404 600 271 400 GROUP 1 Rat No. x103) 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 720 757 650 877 650 379 397 501 GROUP 2 Rat No. (x103) 454 612 455 536 456 177 457 6 80 458 183 459 379 461 312 462 567 GROUP 3 Rat No. (xIO3) GROUP 4 Rat No. {xIO3} 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 761 2 70 740 439 500 637 4 30 320 54 206 55 197 56 306 57 366 58 387 59 540 60 510 61 236 X S.E. [2 o 00 u> to o 454.00 61.43 616.37 62.46 Statistical analysis : Group 1 vs 2 : P < 0.05 " 1 vs 4 : P< 0.005 430.75 69,.07 512.00 65.09 343.5 46.67. TABLE 53- Basophilic leukocytes in control and ECD-exposed female rats. CONTROL Rat No. % 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GROUP 1 Rat No. % 609 0 610 0 611 0 612 0 613 0 614 0 615 0 616 0 GROUP 2 Rat No. % 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GROUP 3 Rat No. % 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 X S.E No statistically significant differences were found between any group. tn th o 00 i*> to o in GROUP 4 Rat No. % 90 10 0 11 0 12 0 13 0 14 0 15 0 16 0 TABLE 54 Basophilic leukocytes in control and ECD-exposed male rats CONTROL Rat No. % 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GROUP 1 Rat No. % 654 0 655 0 656 0 657 0 658 0 659 0 6 60 0 661 0 GROUP 2 Rat No. % 4 54 0 455 0 456 0 4 57 0 458 0 459 0 461 0 462 0 GROUP 3 Rat No. % 254 255 256 257 258 259 2 60 261 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 X S.E No statistically significant differences were found between any group CD O gCoD too GROUP 4 Rat No. % 54 0 55 0 56 0 57 0 58 0 59 0 60 0 61 0 lJ-ul IIW- ; i TABLE 55- Eosinophilie'leukocytes in control and ECD-exposed female rats CONTROL Rat No. % 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GROUP 1 Rat No. % 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 GROUP 2 Rat No. % 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 0 0 1 0 1 2 0 0 GROUP 3 Rat No. % 209 0 210 1 211 0 212 1 j 213 0 214 0 215 0 216 o X S.E. No statistically significant differences were found between any group GROUP Rat No. 4 % 90 10 2 11 0 12 1 13 0 14 1 15 1 16 0 tn t* o oo . UJ ro o c i TABLE 56 - Eosinophilic leukocytes in control and ECD-exposed male rats. CONTROL Rat No. % 854 0 855 0 856 0 857 0 858 1 859 0 860 0 861 1 X GROUP 1 Rat No. % 654 0 655 0 656 0 657 2 658 0 659 0 660 0 661 0 GROUP 2 Rat No. % 4 54 455 456 457 458 459 461 462 0 0 0 t 0 0 0 0 GROUP Rat No. 3 ax> 254 1 255 0 256 0 257 0 258 0 259 o 260 2 261 0 GROUP 4 Rat No. % 54 0 55 0 56 ' 0 57 O 58 0 59 1 60 o 61 o cn t* o 03 to o 03 TABLE 57 - Segmented neutrophilic leukocytes in control and EeD-exposed female rats CONTROL Rat No. % 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 813 20 9 5 9 10 10 11 13 GROUP 1 Rat No. % 609 12 610 7 611 8 612 26 613 12 614 19 615 10 616 12 GROUP 2 Rat No. % 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 8 7 7 10 20 5 4 9 GROUP 3 Rat No. % 209 7 210 16 211 7 212 23 213 36 214 12 215 1 2 216 8 GROUP 4 Rat No. % 9 11 10 17 11 10 12 2 13 15 14 28 15 10 16 16 X S.E 10.87 1.53 13.37 2.33 8.75 1.75 No statistically significant differences were found between the groups. 15.12 3.54 13.625 2.65 TABLE 58 - Segmented neutrophilic leukocytes in control and ECD-exposed male rats CONTROL Rat No. % 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 17 16 17 31 19 18 20 9 GROUP 1 Rat No. % 654 2 655 2 656 11 657 12 658 11 659 14 660 10 661 2 GROUP 2 Rat No. % 454 1 455 9 456 35 457 9 458 1 459 14 461 27 462 19 GROUP 3 Rat No. % 254 25b 256 257 258 259 260 261 15 13 18 12 15 19 12 13 GROUP 4 Rat No. % 54 6 55 15 56 7 57 3 58 26 59 20 60 11 61 12 X S.E. 18.37 2.15 8.00 1.80 Statistical analysis : Group C vs 1 : 14.37 4 .24 P<0.005 14.62 0.94 12.50 2.70 TABLE 59 -- Non segmented neutrophilic leukocytes in control and ECD-exposed female rats. CONTROL Rat No. % 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GROUP 1 Rat No. % 609 0 610 0 611 0 612 0 613 0 614 0 615 0 616 0 GROUP Rat No. 2 % 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GROUP 3 Rat No. % 209 0 210 0 211 0 212 0 213 0 214 1 215 0 216 0 X S.E. No statistically significant differences were found between any group GROUP 4 Rat No. % 90 io 0 11 0 12 0 13 0 14 0 15 0 16 0 w t-> t * TABLE 60 - Non segmented neutrophilic leukocytes in control and ECD- exposed male rats. CONTROL Rat No. % 854 0 855 0 856 O 857 0 858 1 859 O 8 60 0 861 0 GROUP 1 Rat No. o'o, 654 0 655 0 656 0 657 0 658 0 659 0 660 0 661 0 GROUP Rat No. 2 % 4 54 0 455 0 456 0 457 0 458 0 459 0 461 0 462 0 GROUP 3 Rat No. % 254 25 5 256 257 258 259 2 60 261 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 GROUP 4 Rat No. % 54 0 55 0 56 0 57 0 58 1 59 0 60 O 61 0 X S.E* in IT* o 0U0J to H to TABLE 61 Lymphocyte percentage in control and ECD-exposed female rats CONTROL Rat No. % 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 79 90 95 90 89 90 89 87 GROUP 1 Rat No. % 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 88 93 92 73 88 80 89 87 GROUP 2 Rat No. % 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 92 93 92 90 79 93 96 91 GROUP 3 Rat No. % 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 93 81 93 76 64 87 88 92 GROUP 4 Rat No. % 9 89 10 81 11 90 12 94 13 85 14 71 15 89 16 84 X S.E. 88.62 1 . 59 86.25 2.34 90.75 1 . 79 84.25 3.59 No statistically significart differences were found between any group 85.37 2.50 TABLE 62 Lymphocyte percentage in control and ECD-exposed male rats. CONTROL Rat No. oo 854 855 856 857 858 859 8 60 861 82 84 83 68 79 92 80 90 GROUP 1 Rat No. % 654 98 655 98 656 88 657 86 658 88 659 86 660 90 661 87 GROUP 2 Rat No. % 454 455 456 457 458 459 461 462 98 91 65 85 99 86 73 81 GROUP 3 Rat No. % 254 85 255 84 256 80 257 86 258 85 259 81 260 85 261 87 GROUP 4 Rat No. t 54 94 55 83 56 93 57 97 58 72 59 89 60 88 61 88 X S.E . 82.25 2.59 90.125 1.77 84.75 4.14 84.125 0.85 No statistically significant differences were found between any group 88.00 2.75 TABLE 63 - Monocyte percentage in control and ECD-exposed female rats CONTROL Rat No. % 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 GROUP 1 Rat No. % 609 0 610 0 611 0 612 0 613 0 614 0 615 1 616 7 GROUP 2 Rat No. % 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GROUP 3 Rat No. % 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 O 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 X S.E. No statistically significant differences were found between any group. GROUP 4 Rat No. % 9O 10 0 11 0 12 3 13 0 14 0 15 0 16 0 i TABLE 67 - Urinary albumin in control and ECD-exposea remale rats. CONTROL Rat No. 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 0 2 1 0 0 1 1 0 GROUP 1 Rat No. 609 610 ' 611 612 613 614 615 616 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 GROUP 2 Rat No. 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 GROUP 3 Rat No. 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 1 1 1 2 1 0 1 1 GROUP 4 Rat No. 93 10 0 11 1 12 1 13 1 14 1 15 3 16 0 X S.E. 0.55 0 = absent; 1 1.14 traces; 2 = discrete quantities 0.5 1 .00 3 = high quantity ; 4 = very high quantity 1 .25 TABLE 64 - Monocyte percentage in control and ECD-exposed male rats CONTROL Rat No. % 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 GROUP Rat No. 1 % 654 0 655 0 656 1 657 0 658 1 659 0 660 0 661 1 GROUP 2 Rat No. % 454 455 456 457 4 58 459 461 462 1 0 O 5 0 0, 0 0 GROUP Rat No. 3 % 254 0 255 1 256 2 257 1 258 0 259 0 260 1 261 0 X S.E. co F o oo OJ to I-1 -o GROUP 4 Rat No. % 54 0 55 2 56 O 57 0 58 0 59 o 60 1 61 0 I TABLE 65 Urinary erythrooyte in control and ECD-exposed female rats CONTROL Rat No. 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 0 0 1 3 0 1 0 0 GROUP 1 Rat No. 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 GROUP 2 Rat No. 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 0 0 '0 0 0 0 0 0 GROUP 3 Rat No. 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 GROUP 4 Rat No. 90 10 0 11 0 12 1 13 0 14 0 15 0 16 0 X S.E. 0.555 0.428 p 0.125 0.125 0 = Absent ; 1 = traces ; 2 = discrete quantities ; 3 = high quantity ; 4 = very high quantity. oo TABLE 66 - Urinary erythrocytes in control and ECD-exposed male rats CONTROL Rat No. 854 0 855 0 856 0 857 0 858 0 859 0 8 60 0 861 0 GROUP 1 Rat No. 654 0 655 1 656 0 657 658 0 659 1 660 1 661 0 GROUP 2 Rat No. 454 1 455 1 456 - 457 0 458 0 459 0 461 0 462 1 GROUP 3 . Rat No. 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GROUP 4 Rat No. 54 55 1 56 0 57 1 58 0 59 0 60 0 61 0 X S. E. to t* o oo GJ to \D o 0.428 0.428 0 0.285 0 = absent ; 1= traces; 2 = discrete quantities ; 3 = high quantity ; 4 = very high quantity. I TABLE 68 - Urinary albumin in control and ECD-exposed male rats. CONTROL Rat No. 854 1 855 3 856 1 857 1 858 0 859 3 860 2 861 1 GROUP 1 Rat No. 654 1 655 0 656 3 657 658 0 659 1 660 0 661 1 GROUP 2 Rat No. 454 455 456 457 458 459 461 462 1 1 - 2 1 2 2 1 GROUP 3 Rat No. 254 1 255 2 256 1 257 1 258 1 259 1 2 60 3 261 1 GROUP 4 Rat No. 54 55 3 56 3 57 3 58 0 59 2 60 2 61 2 X S.E . cn o oo 00 to to o 1.50 0.87 1.41 1.37 2.14 0 = absent ; 1 = traces ; 2 = discrete quantities ; 3 = high quantity ; 4 = very high quantity. TABLE 69 Urinary sugar in control and ECD-exposed female rats CONTROL Rat No. 811 0 812 0 813 0 814 0 815 0 816 0 817 0 818 0 GROUP 1 Rat No. 609 1 610 0 611 1 612 1 613 1 614 1 615 0 616 GROUP Rat No. 2 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 '0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GROUP 3 Rat No. 209 0 210 1 211 0 212 0 213 0 214 0 215 0 216 0 GROUP 4 Rat No. 90 10 0 11 0 12 0 13 0 14 0 15 0 16 0 X S.E 0 0 = absent; 1 0.571 0 0.125 traces 2 = discrete quantities; 3 = high quantity; 4 = very high quantity 0 TABLE 70 - Urinary sugar in control and ECD-exposed male rats. CONTROL Rat No. 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GROUP 1 Rat No. 654 0 655 0 656 0 657 658 0 659 0 6 60 0 661 0 GROUP' 2 Rat No. 454 0 455 1 456 457 0 458 0 459 0 461 1 462 1 GROUP 3 Rat No. 254 0 255 0 256 0 257 258 O 259 0 260 0 261 0 GROUP 4 Rat No. 54 O 55 0 56 0 57 0 58 o 59 0 60 0 61 0 X S.E. 0 0 0. 428 00 0 = absent ; 1 traces ; 2 = discrete quantities; 3 = high quantity ; 4 = very high quantity t TABLE 71 Urinary ketone bodies.in control and ECD-exposed female rats. CONTROL Rat No. 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 GROUP 1 Rat No. 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 GROUP 2 Rat No. 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 GROUP 3 Rat No. 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 GROUP 4 Rat No. 90 10 0 11 0 12 0 13 0 14 0 15 0 16 0 X S. E. 0.22 0.14 0.25 0.25 0 = absent ; 1 = traces ; 2 = discrete quantities ; 3 = high quantity ; 4 = very high quantity. 0 TABLE 72 - Urinary ketone bodies in control and ECD-exposed male rats CONTROL Rat No. 054 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 GROUP 1 Rat No. 654 1 655 0 656 0 657 658 0 659 0 660 0 661 0 GROUP 2 Rat No. 454 455 456 457 458 459 461 462 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 GROUP 3 Rat No. 254 1 255 0 256 0 257 0 258 0 259 0 260 0 261 0 GROUP 4 Rat No. 54 O 55 0 56 0 57 O 58 0 59 o 60 0 61 0 X S.E. 0.25 0.14 0.28 0.25 0 0 = absent; 1 = traces; 2 = discrete quantities ; 3 = high quantity ; 4 = very high quantity. TABLE 73 - Urinary bilirubin in control and ECD-exposed female rats CONTROL Rat No. 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GROUP 1 Rat No. 609 0 610 0 611 0 612 0 613 0 614 0 615 0 616 0 GROUP 2 Rat No. 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GROUP 3 Rat No. 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GROUP 4 Rat No. 90 10 0 11 0 12 0 13 0 14 0 15 0 16 0 X S.E. 0 0 = absent ; 1 = traces 0 00 0 . 2 = discrete quantities ; 3 = high quantity ; 4 = very high quantity. TABLE 74 - Urinary bilirubin in control and ECD-exposed male rats CONTROL Rat No. 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GROUP 1 Rat No. 654 O 655 0 656 0 657 - 658 0 659 0 6 60 0 661 0 GROUP 2 Ra t No. 454 455 456 457 458 459 461 462 0 0 - 0 0 0 0 0 GROUP 3 Rat No. 2 54 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GROUP 4 Rat No. 54 0 55 0 56 0 57 O 58 0 59 0 60 0 61 0 x S.E. ooo oo 0 = absent ; 1 = traces ; 2 = discrete quantities ; 3 = high quantity; 4 = very high quantity. TABLE 75 - Urinary casts in control and ECD-exposed female rats CONTROL Rat No. 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GROUP 1 Rat No. 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GROUP 2 Rat No. 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GROUP 3 Rat No. 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 0 0 0 O 0 0 0 0 GROUP 4 Rat No. 9O 10 0 11 0 12 0 13 0 14 0 15 o 16 0 X S.E. 0 0 00 O = absent ; 1 = traces ; 2 = discrete quantities ; 3 = high quantity ; 4 = very high quantity. 0 TABLE 76 - Urinary casts in control and ECD-exposed male rats CONTROL Rat No. 854 0 855 0 856 0 857 0 858 0 859 0 860 0 861 0 GROUP 1 Rat No. 654 0 655 0 656 0 657 658 0 659 0 6 60 0 661 0 GROUP 2 Rat No. 454 0 455 0 456 457 0 458 0 459 0 461 0 462 0 GROUP 3 Rat No. 254 0 255 0 256 0 257 . 0 258 0 259 0 260 0 261 0 GROUP 4 Rat No. 54 0 55 0 56 0 57 0 58 0 59 0 60 0 61 0 X0 0 0 00 0 = absent; 1 = traces ; 2 = discrete quantities ; 3 = high quantity; 4 = very high quantity. fI TABLE 77 - Urinary leukocytes in control and ECD-exposed female rats. CONTROL Rat No. 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 GROUP 1 Rat No. ' 609 1 610 0 611 1 612 1 613 1 614 0 615 1 616 GROUP 2 Rat No. 409 0 410 0 411 1 412 0 413 0 414 0 415 1 416 0 GROUP 3 Rat No. 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 GROUP 4 Rat No. 90 10 0 11 o 12 1 13 0 14 0 15 0 16 1 X S.E. 0.44 0.71 0.25 0.75 O = absent ; 1 = traces ; 2 = discrete quantities ; 3 = high quantity ; 4 = very high quantity. 0. 25 co t-* o u0>0 tsj CO V> TABLE 78 - Urinary leukocytes in control and ECD-exposed male rats CONTROL . Ra t No. 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 8 61 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 GROUP 1 Rat No. 654 0 655 0 656 0 657 658 0 659 0 660 0 661 1 GROUP 2 Rat No. 4 54 455 456 457 458 459 461 462 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 GROUP 3 Rat No. 254 0 255 1 256 0 257 1 258 0 259 0 260 0 261 0 GROUP 4 Rat No. 54 -- 55 0 56 0 57 0 58 0 59 0 60 0 61 1 X S.E. 0.125 0.14 0.42 0 = absent ; 1 traces ; 2 = discrete quantities 0. 25 0.125 3 = high quantity ; 4 = very high quantity TABLE 79 - Urinary crystals in control and ECD-exposed female rats. CONTROL Rat No. 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 GROUP 1 Rat No. 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 1 2 2 3 3 1 1 GROUP Rat No. 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 1 0 2 2 3 3 2 2 GROUP 3 Rat No. 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 GROUP 4 Rat No. 92 10. 1 11 3 12 1 13 1 14 2 15 3 16 0 X S.E. 1.33 2.00 2.00 1.375 1.625 ------ 0 = absent ; 1 = traces ; 2 = discrete quantities ; 3 = high quantity ; 4 = very high quantity. J TABLE80 - Urinary crystals in control and ECD-exposed male rats. CONTROL Rat No. 854 855 856 857 858 859 8 60 861 2 1 3 1 2 1 1 2 GROUP 1 Rat No. 654 ' 655 656 657 658 659 6 60 661 11 1 - 1 2 0 3 GROUP 2 Rat No. 4 54 2 455 1 456 - 457 1 458 2 459 2 461 1 462 1 GROUP 3 Rat No. 254 1 255 1 256 1 257 3 258 2 259 1 260 2 261 3 GROUP 4 Rat No. 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 X to t* o oa U) K> Uj K) 0.625 1.285 1.428 1.75 1.142 0 = absent ; 1 = traces ; 2 = discrete quantities ; 3 = high quantity;- 4 = very high quantity. TABLE 81 Urinary mucus in control and ECD-expose,d female rats CONTROL Rat No. 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 0 1 1 1 0 1 3 1 GROUP 1 Rat No. 609 1 610 1 611 1 612 1 613 1 614 1 615 1 616 " 'GROUP 2 Ra t No. 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 1 0 1 2 1 0 1 0 GROUP 3 Rat No. 209 1 210 1 21-1 0 212 1 213 1 214 0 215 1 216 1 GROUP 4 Rat No. 90 10 0 11 1 12 0 13 0 14 1 15 0 16 1 X S.E. 0.888 absent ; 1 traces 1.00 2 = discrete quantities 0.75 0.75 3 = high quantity ; 4 = very high quantity 0.866 TABLE 82 - Urinary mucus in control and ECD-exposed male rats CONTROL' Rat No. 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 GROUP 1 Rat No. 654 ' 0 655 1 656 1 657 658 0 659 1 660 0 661 1 GROUP 2 Rat No. 454 1 455 1 456 457 1 458 3 459 1 461 0 462 1 GROUP 3 Rat No. 254 1 255 0 256 1 257 4 258 1 259 1 260 1 261 1 GROUP 4 Rat No. 54 55 1 56 1 57 1 58 0 59 1 60 1 61 1 X S.E. 0.50 0.571 0.142 1.25 ....... 0.857 O = absent ; 1 = traces; 2 = discrete quantities ; 3 = high quantity ; 4 = very high quantity TABLE 83 Urinary epithelial cells in control and ECD-exposed female rats CONTROL Rat No. 811 0 812 0 813 0 814 0 815 0 816 0 817 0 818 0 GROUP 1 Rat No. 609 1 610 0 611 0 612 \0 613 1 614 0 615 0 616 0 GROUP 2 Rat No. 409 410 411 412 .413 414 415 416 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GROUP 3 Rat No.' 209 0 210 0 211 0 212 0 213 0 214 0 215 0 216 0 GROUP 4 Rat No. 91 10 0 11 0 12 0 13 0 14 0 15 0 16 1 X S.E ' O 0.25 0.16 OO 0.25 0.16 0 absent; 1 = traces; = discrete quantities ; 3 = high quantity ; = very high quantity. co In' o oo u> fo co 1 TABLE 84 - Urinary epithelial cells in control and ECD-exposed male rats. CONTROL Rat No. 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 1 GROUP 1 Rat No. 654 655 656 657 658 659 6 60 661 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 GROUP 2 Rat No. 454 0 455 0 456 457 0 458 0 459 1 461 0 462 1 GROUP 3 Rat No. 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 0 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 GROUP 4 Rat No. 54 55 1 56 0 57 0 58 0 59 1 60 0 61 0 X S.E. 0.25 ' 0.14 0.42 0 0.28 0 = absent; 1 traces ; 2 = discrete quantities; 3 = high quantity; 4 = very high quantity. CD t1 o CD lO to ca CTi [ TABLE 85 - Urinary microorganisms in control and ECD-exposed female rats. CONTROL Rat No. 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 GROUP 1 Rat No. 609 1 610 1 611 1 612 1 613 2 614 1 615 3 616 -- GROUP 2 Rat No. 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 3 2 3 3 1 2 3 3 GROUP 3 Rat No. 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 3 1 2 3 3 2 3 3 GROUP 4 Rat No. 92 10 3 11 3 12 3 13 3 14 3 15 3 16 3 X S.E.' to o 00 OJ to u> 3.00 1.428 2.50 2.50 O = absent ; 1 = traces _; 2 = discrete quantities ; 3 = high quantity ; 4 = very high quantity. v 2.87 f M > \ TABLE 86 - Urinary microorganisms in control and ECD-exposed male rats. CONTROL Rat No. 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 GROUP 1 Rat No. 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 ' 661 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 GROUP 2 Rat No. 454 3 455 1 456 457 1 458 1 459 1 461 1 462 2 GROUP 3 Rat No. 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 GROUP 4 Rat No. 54 55 3 56 2 57 3 58 3 59 3 60 3 61 3 X S.E. 2.875 2.85 1.428 3.00 . 0 = absent; 1= traces ; 2 = discrete quantities; 3 = high quantity; 4 very high quantity. cn v V o co to (jj oo 2.85