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FILE NAME: Owens Illinois (OWILL) DATE: 1952 Apr DOC#: OWILL024 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Journal Article - Hydrous Calcium Silicate Heat Insulation - The Petroleum Engineer & Advert for Kaylo Heat Insulation f ORIGINAL 1 2 3 4 SUPERIOR COURT OF WASHINGTON FOR KITSAP COUNTY 5 KITSAP COUNTYASBESTOSCASES OF ) SCHROETER,GOLDMARK &BENDER ) 6 ) ) 7 _____________________________ __ ) NO.81-2-00940-1 DECLARATION OF MARK GARDNER 8 My name is Mark Gardner. I am a Legal Assistant at the firm of 9 Schroeter, Goldmark & Bender. 10 Attached as Exhibit "A" to this declaration is a true and correct 11 copy of an excerpt out of the magazine The Petroleum Engineer dated 12 April 1952. The excerpt contains the article "Hydrous Calcium Silicate 13 Heat Insulation" by E.C. Schuman. I obtained these copies from the 14 Seattle Public Library on or about April 1982. 15 Attached as Exhibit "B" to this declaration is a true and correct 16 copy of an advertisment taken out of the above mentioned magazine 17 on or about the same date. I obtained this copy from the same 18 location, the Seattle Public Library. 19 I certify under penalty of perjury under the laws of the State of 20 Washington that the foregoing is true and correct. 21 DATE: 1983. 22 PLACE : 23 24 25 26 Declaration of Mark Gardner S C H R O E T E R . G O L D M A R K ft B E N D E R . A T T O R N E Y S AT LAW 540 CEN TRAL BUILDING SEA TTLE. WASHINGTON 98104 TELEPHO NE (206) 622-BS06 P.S. mam s t t t l t Publlo Library 'r ? tv Tip elln in g m Teclm ologjL i lease, iths before o tic the preceding" 298.99 und h the amount of j irately U 9 9 M i eb of oil a 'h or opprarf b in service u n d a lagt* a b a robed a d Dm pH-- 5.632 b o m b # \ " Those Camerons are the best insurance we've got!" No other drilling control nit offers to much protection: Swift cloture of rom, remote control operating velvet within eaty reach of the driller, self-feeding ram packing far a potitive teal and to permit pipe rotation through doted ram t; doting ratio of approximately B ta I (well pretture vt. doting pressure), utilisation of well pressure in helping d o te ram t, and quick ram change design which permit changing of largest site ram t in a m atter of minutet. Cameron Pressure-Operated Blowout Preventers and Rowline Valves are your best insurance against hatardowt well pressures. Before starting a wildcat or a well in a proven high pressure area, be sure your drilling central units ore of adequate capacity and modern design . . . be sure they're Camerons! nam e tn tlti/fin y ceutw l CAMERON IRON WORKS, INC. P. 0. BOX 1212 HOUSTON, TEXAS Export: 74 Trinity Ploee, New York, N. Y. Represented in the sterling area by: British Oilfield Equipment Co., ltd., Duke's Court, St. Jam et'l, London S.W.l, England tm MJb n g'Jr r t inro le MeMcr COMBINED EDITION imiiiur t* e gB igir ! :3B!!qMuiu i ' m a t rg >r.aMWi,a !r r a p Drilling and Producing Refining and Gas Processing Oil and Gas Pipelining AMIl, I t VOLUMI XXIV NUMMI 4 GENERAI K u l Side a t ih r J u lf h iif i Darin A-19 n . I*. U 'f j r V m lrr Piutl A-61 K. ArtmiLIr Smith IlaliiU A*7I Juha PontCriit il and a* In illah aiiu A.81 I *allrr H. hart FtofortI Coorte nf Oil . A-4 With the Editore .. A4 llighliglita in Oildoro . A-10 Petrolic l'rrannalilira. . A-12 Diri SarA/m Meriina * ....... .. .. . A-14 Petroleum Profilo .... . AM r . G. Hirily Cenerai Neu ............ .... F.-2 Renerai Permani* . . E-12 Thu Petroleum Kngirr a CiHtiniioi* Tallir* t N (Innatimrni A'. 177) Ianali with Birncy ... KW llaila ... . . KW Oil ami Caa Traile. Newa K-30 Traile Personali . E-3II New Machinery ami Supplica _ ............. E-S3 Traile IJtrralure . E-&7 ?' b ftlL U N G A M O PR O D U C IN G pV'.V''*V **. . " . i M m l Rm i M iK lH rh i. lamm .. R-T A**-..-` \ ' Nataral Or* ir r*ilt<iiil* o f Iranian Origin a* Muti Treating Agent* Gratf r Trkt!!'ntartan and Carr><t W. 7 ie a Inrialtalion nf Pumping Unit Jork L Cauttnn Petroleum Kvplnmliun anil Devrlupturnl in Fronen . I k . J . Dnpnny-Camrl Sprabeery Drilling ami (mmpleliun Melhml* John L I.M Oil Reorrrea Menarmi lay Maua Salvaaing F . B . Rouen* Cenphyrieal F*|tloralion (turnen o f Age SitmanA Uammrt (turreni Muti Prugrom* in tlie (limali lloain . D. Itlairhrr am! TUtiam J . Kniht T ha Im Field, Murgan (Vuinly, ftulnrailu C. ff. Seal (tont Tremi* in (tonlrael Drilling John U c fa ra -rinn Field, Culurailn ................ .Seta U. S. Oil Reaervea Up Five Rillion Raerela .................................. . . . Illnek U g h i AM* Oil Kaplitrallnn . B .IS IMS H-Sl 11.38 11.72 R.78 IM I 11*89 2 II-9S it-oo R.IOI 11*103 F tafart Pretentini ......... R-3 Producing Newa........8-104 What`a Doing in Drilling... R-10fl Eiploratina Ariiritir Running Tour With Mm In the Imluntry tum It-1 III REFINING A N 0 G A S PROCESSING Mure <tataly*i*-- Henning'* Watchword A rri L Purer Ileal T rauafer in .Sitimi (orila . . i l . A. M > lr, J. S. Kantiani, J. J. McKetta. It . Iiutilaflttn Methmla fur Air-lift TCC Unit 5. A', 6'trrnjon Petruelirmleal* frutti Water Ca*--Part I Terre W. AArrmW Salvage (leaning . .... rimi m i F.. Bone* C*3 lt-7 C.22 ` C*2R C-38 (tnnllng Tower M a in trn n n e e .............. Ml ifouwrd E . O ffirr Rrlallonritljp o f Fnrnnrc Volume and Ileal ltelea*e ........... C*5I I). F . Crrtrmhe/grr llytlrana ftalelnm Silicate Ileal Inaulatina E . C. Simmon New Analyllenl Meihntla ................ . .. . Poiareftaphic Otttrmination at Sine in Olii Note la .terrier Cantoni C tnJrnttrs Hraltt /of Aiutine Paini Apparala CSS Ml Proccaaing S ulfur Hearing Caeca ....... C-M C LB Ia km in --latlng C*m eni-- A VrrmatlU Heal Sam e . .. T C Reform ing Prwccaa Regenerateo Calolyat MleUgoa Redncry Vie1*1* 3$-40% Aromatica J. C Aihrifht riant till* Oliar Vaffrid C-2fi I'ernianem Sraltolil Rrarkrt anil Butirra .. C-tfi Auinmatic Water Treatment Feeder ... C-fil Mirarla Pialon Ring* lor Pump* -------------C-RI Fliminatiun al Esce* Pump Packing ......... C -81 Tar Heater Crank Rearing CIraraore Cage Support Rrackrt...... Slainlrat-Sterl Paint ,, Crcitltr-Scalr Dralgn and Foil-View DUI .. Side Room U*rd for Loading Pipe ... ..... C-7S C-7* C IS C-ai 02 C-82 . C-82 .cm Ffflftini Refining ami Raa Refining and Cat Pnwnwing Ncwa . .. C-84 Prorniiag PcrutnaU... C-90 OIL AN D GAS PIPELINING (tuohing-Chlraga lin e linder (tonrtrurtien .. Frank H, Lara Prutrrlive (aringa fur Pipe l in n ... it . G. Spanfltr PAD'a Survey n f Teanapurlatlun Neetla .. . Uar o f Aluminum Pipe In Oil Country Appllrnliena . . ... WUam A. ila a rr, Jr. T h e RVar*Cumpenaniing Pip lin e Scraper ... B. Par Kaay D-3 . 0*7 . . 0-24 D-2B 04 FM firti PUlnrial ____________D-44 Oil and Caa Pipelining New*___ D-47 Pip* Line Project*__ _____ with th* Pip* Liu* Pipe Line Pmonolo -- - D-37 C oairacton______ 1 I :i rw* eraeituM uetuttt e-tuo*..* c-- **r. t*-t*-**ii.* kiwi**, oaaot t, i*ai.w . i. iovi. n*<u*<oi w. r. U ta h,c -- i **-- ,-> *w Im w , u i t w w (ton-- a. e. tcioni. vu* **oe**t * w rr<i**-t*.etiWi i i m i u m aoami. mm** m u w , jack n i n n i . uum. e*uu* * w a* u lOltll, HUm, Malat 6*< Mentiteti MANK N. tOVt. Hum. Oil *W Cai Haalialaa, tICMAtO SNIDOOM; H u m Halt* Coma. IIM I N*ul |M lw turn. OteW*l* T. (animata. AW**, Ckm*M* t-l*JI, MAAT nO**lt ITMAu. A/m m Hum, HINtlin* O'lANNON, in Hilm. A4**rUiii Statt-- T. i. OOWIH. VO* haitam oaf AfaaniUm, Omaatm, Nr-- rt-JOI t. WOODS. J} V*r*-klli A>**. M*- <*! I. H u Tut. Haaa MUuvr Nili 4-lltOt CM* -4- V. MMINl. S3 WU M U m * SI.. CM*** . Illlmli. M m * NAulw* !!, !* A***-- ftlCMAfD . M*UT. tmOl* IM*., 1X0* S*>t amata, lot A m i * IS. CMUuM*. Ham Mliwn J*l*. N w u ll* ItlOfT SfAMS. Marnatati DOTAI COUtINIT.Aawat***CtuMta C-- r-fU 111} *r tkatM*l* Htlaam M M M Ci'"t"|. laaaHDr l*etnW A m lattiaa li*f*,J****l*tMaa. kt. Mmatm alAWN Iwarn,alCNm MM** * W i a u W W lJu* Hmtl. Section o1 n t addition lo foil Arthur, 101, refinery at GwM Oil Corporation, Jnulatad with hydro* calcium silicate. A lwayi among tho first to recognise and adopt improved material* and meth- or!, the oil Industry hai quickly ac cepted a new heat Inaulation material of I cthheemhicyadlrloyurseaccatlecdiummlitauilriecaotaf litmy|ete.anAd silica, containing mail amount* of aabeatoa fiber (or hinging action, the new material tonka quite simitar la other rigid iuaulating material* commonly uard in industry. It i* not glass. In out ward appearance, it* distinguishing charaetertiMiea are an almoat chalky t whitenes* and a comparatively smooth Mirface tenure, even when aawed. \ Properly made hydro* calcium aili- . \ i t * in different from other inaulating I piateriala now on the market hccauae j*. of it* unique combination of |dtyaical ' \eharaeteriktic. Although it haa a den- 1'aity at only 11 lb per cubic foot, it hoa an avrrage fleaural atrength in r-sceaa of SO pai and a eompreaaive atrength of 150 pal. Imtolubiliiy in water and incom bustibility are two more of ita outstand ing characteriatica.lt iaeffecUvt through out the entire temperature range from aero to 1200 F. Became ita thermal con ductivity i* rnnaervatively Mated at 0.39 at 100 mean or 0A4 at S00 mean ternCerature. it ia frequent practice to pecify H-i- Wm thieknea* for Kayio huulalioa than for "comblniliao" inoUting material in ih rango from 500 nrli'v lem^vrralur. I I. |<r,utiired ttnifef - ~Z2 \ t ***'4,* ? 2 3 h Hydrous Calcium Silicate Heat Insulation Extremely light weight---11 lb per cubic foot-- makes handling easy; Simplified Dimensional Standards facilitates nesting and application v E. C. 5HUMAN* 83 St patent* numbered Re. 2-1.228,2,517,127, and other pending patent application*. Hydrous calcium ailicate inaulation haa hern used principally in tlw medium and high temperature range, because it n in this range that the material per form* to greatest advantage. It may he uaeit alo a a low temperature insula tion, provided pro|>er vapor seal* are employed. V"Hydrous calcium aiiirate inaulation product* of certain types have been - U n.anu/aetured and .sold commercially by mVDItuU* *T w u r t k , nato O ita Cenasse. lUrl M ilw , O m e Owens-Illinois Glass Company since IH1. The atory of how this company researched and develoi>ed the non-gla** insulating material 1 intneating. It ia also an inspiring example of the Ameri can Way. Without the vision, resource*. and Irrliiiical know-how of ubi( busi ness." ihi* materia! would no< be on the market today. Development of hydrous calcium silicate products begun in 19:18. The company wanted inaierials of construeturn to supplement its Insulux glsai EXCLUSIVE THE rmtOlEUM ENGINEER, April, 1952 block, already well-established, and it had a great deal of msnu/acturing-and engineering experience with tho'iwo principal markets used In hydrous cal cium silicate--lime and sand. Many other companies and groups have experimented with various hydrous rolcium ailicate products. Work had been done in Germany in the early lO.IO's. Several independent research or ganizations and manufacturing compa nies in the United State* and Canaria had attempted In develop commercial materials during this period. One gru P was able to produce experimentally r.R s I Appllcotor sowi pip* IniuioliOA 1 ill short run. Standard farms of hydrous clacium silicate Hcot mswlotic Chort of Isos, forms, and lkickot*oi 1 hydrous calcium ilicaf insulation. limited t|uanliiies of ralcium lira product which they called Miernpr>rii rm m m r % * - N O M IN S t m" y N Ita N d t a*" r 1 l I U t * T I O * C`M IS * 4* 4W* B am aa ------------- T--------------- It was a atrurtural malrriul. amt (hr is an experimental house no Long l*lai today, which i* huilt almo*l entirely this material. except the part th t are exposed to weather. M CTIO H U Until the company' physicists, rhei in -- iata, and engineer* studied the romp i -- went material* ami learned the h'tai t* a .... -- -- of their reaction*, however, no one hr produced a atahie, uniform product wit 4* 1 a . L ' -U 9A i -- ; -------- the advantage now found in the hydro ralcium ailirale. | JJJWlj Research had reached the pilot plat -- p-- * [-------- -- T t i.iia o u u i stage of manufacturing by the nut*ct i World War II. Hydrous ralcium ailicat m _____ i t . _ ro w V ttfU I S o ts heat insulation, then being made .it eonvrried brick plant at Berlin. Xe Jeraey, waa approved by the V. S. Nav H which uard it for marine mudiiiim It M V H n ^ "aa _ at yg j l yi A 1M <1 u 3a n ... 3 . n uat 2 tT a* f ji n m 9 Z i - n r ~ a at at i\ JlZ AiZ f ------- I is a 1 -- ___ 1 -- --* _, -- -- -- ~IJ ~l 'H Z -- ***^ M s s .iiM ia ts i -- -- l" -- -- . j. ! r:.. 1 * t * . -- r-- - - T ... Kven in those early days, the mntrrii proved stronger, more durable, an easier to handle than other* le-lrd. After the War, construction began * a quarter-milcdnng manufacturing phn at Sayrcville, New Jeraey. ami manufjp luring of hydrous calcium silicate Iwgi. there in March. 19M. The original plant at Rerlin. Xew J c *cy, whrre the forerunner 1 today hydrous ralcium ailieate heat ui-id.ftin was hrl produerd. ha lieen remmlele and enlarged almost cntimull* t" I" come a Sable and modern factory. Irm the outside looking tmieh lit.fr a ' M>M' glam plant. The gla**m.ui win. emei it. however, finds himell in traiige in . 4t a> #4 m - .. - . f.tia o ta tit rounding.*. The Sayrcville, New |rr*ey. plant, a _ II _ _ r r T ~ -- * . L p - - w - -- though lint: changed on the nut*id sine* it* construction. ha* midergon Z/xii ; | r 7 7 > ( ( lt u t M il 111 a________ J ____ ! j naan at 1 M IUIUM I t MVI MU M i* rxtensive change within during the par four years ss the company has perfects improved processes. J 1 CS6 fua Other Calcium Silica** limit'*. It should he noted that, because Uniqu# Combination *f Fhyiicol ( jlcium iliriiM, ( mura*. ire no a rhrmiral reaction is involved, there ia no "hinder" in any Kaylo insulation. Chora eterlatle* Tlie fire resistance of hydrous calcium a> to the elicmi. Portltml cement "thay Ih*ratini * ralrhmi ilirste, lor ex The millions of liny air space* per silicate ia due to its miitetal enm|toi- ample. Evm w*me types of glass ran hr rohic inch that are left in the material alter the moisture ia driven oil live this lion, which withstands high tempera lures. It will withstand service temper.- i alini calcium tirale*, although being fusion products, they are not typical immlution its light weight and low ther lures aa high aa 1200 F for an indefinite *1 member of (he (amity. Kaylo Inaula* linn, however, i* a chemically rearleil mal conductivity. Every cubic foot of insolation contains so many tiny nir period, without loss of thermal efficiency Actually, because exposure to high tem |iriMur(. ami i* a permanently act and spaces that the total area of the surface peratures drives oil residual imtisiurr. Mahhv produci when il Icavri the plant. tu t rounding iliem ia about 100 acres. the thermal eflieieney of the material Portland cement is an incompletely re* Ily serving the proportion of water in improves after installation and uae. atleti rhrmiral compound insofar as the forniuluiion it la possible to obtain As might be presumed from its struc ultimate use is concerned ami does not products in various densities. As the ture, hydrous calcium silicate has a high reach its permanent set until mixed density incteasea, strength hernm rs absorption; yet it ia not permanently with water. (Ism ia a fused product greater and insulating value leas. The damaged by welling. Even when satu usine mi wuirr. it raw materials melted density of II lb per i tilur fool presently rated, it retain* a high proportion 1 it. and hlmdcfl at high temperatures. used for beat insulation was established normal strength, and after rfryin* it re The inanit (arturing of hydrous cal after tong research as the one that rep. gains 1 normal atrength and insulating cium ilieatc insulation is essentially a rrsehts the optimum combination of value. It doc* not dissolve nor crumble. rhrmiral reaction operation. I.ime. physical rhararleristics for that Mae, Its hygroseopicity is low. Alter six silira. and water are mixed to from a practical viewpoint. hours exposure in an atmosphere n( form a slurry that is poured into uietal mold to *ha|- the desimi prndurl. The A 3lMI< per rnbir foul hydimta cal* eiunt ilieatc i* mmifnclurrd also, in 120 K ami 00 per cent relative humidity, for example, it absorbs only 0.9 per rent traction of this slurry in an-rh-iuted hy the u*e uf rleveled It-nipi-rnfure, in tarar prrure vre|v culled induruiors. the foim of tao building product--in* stiluling tool tile, fur roof derkiug. and core material, for fabrication by other moisture by volume. 11 ith a --piI factor of about 10, Kaylo insulation is rust-inhibitive, Contact with Alter induration, or hnrdrnina. the mu'irriiil i- dii'-d 1 pructiral rntiiinrrctal msmi ladiircrs ioln lireprnof ditnra ami wall panel. metal coverings or fasteners, therefore, olfers no problem. This includes wen Hot lots and surface tem peratures of various thicknesses of hydrous coleiutii silicate pipe insulation applied to 20-io. pipe. Ambient itili a ir 80eF. r-SA.Vr "**ai I ~ -V I aluminum, unless the insulation m m i* uraled. The material ha remarkable dimen sional lability, (.near shrinkage alter 24 hour' r|M**urr to a trm |irrnltirr of 7.Vt F i only (1.8 per rent, and only 1.5 |*er rem oiler exposure In 1200 lor the ame length el limn. W ide Range of Forms llydnm r.ib'iiim silicate liral insulalion i* made in two hnir- form in wliii'li lo-ai iiinl.iiin|i block anil pipe iniilu* lion lire further iliviilril into many Ollier loiiil*. .411 unit- o ff .16 in. long. I'or lln* iii'iilation nl ll.il surfaces there is ti.it lilork. Kin the in'll l.iIinn ( l(*'h ftoiii t>to Ml It in diameter, llieris iiirvnl block. Thicknessr* Irmn one llllough livr itches in ilii'ri'luriil III onehall inch are nioil.lhl'' lor liolli linin'. Vknlill' are three. i\. niur. twelve, ami eighteen in. III*. For insulation I ((* ami tilin' IrnOl ne-liall inch to feel in diameter. k m In insulation is made in numerous Imiiis, all In Simplified Dimensional Standards (iiree.i*r layer "nest"). For lube* and pipes throuith twelve inelu's in diumelrr, it is mailr in see* tnnial form (two pieee to the circumlen-nee i . For diamelrr through 21 in., il i* made in tri-tegmenta! form (three jiirres | >( the rirrnnilerenee). For diam eters through II in., it i made in quod* segmental lor III (lour piece to the cir. .m h rem ei. For diameter* to 6 ft. it * made in k-segmcntul (umi (piece* nominally 18 in. wide and with various radii of curvature). llii.lne.o- range Inmf one imli iliiough five iiu-hes, in increment* of ne.ll.ilf ilu'h. I he tii. >piuj, and k-segmenlal furm* aiv Iiiu.pir, and ate made possible only hv the high strength and fight weight d the maleiial, 11|. larger pi|ie. they peiiiiit the user to reditee greatly the Miunhef of pirrr* -applied in insulate a given .iirfaee d pi|o> and reihiee the MimiU-r of juiut*. Tlie applicator, the(re. Iiaiulles fewer pieee. vet the ligl weight of the material make the larger unit* easy to lilt and handle. For large pipes with teinprrsliir<~. aimer .100 F tlie nuiul*-r ol pieces to be w applieil i ' reduced even further. In (hi. range it is customary to apply double a thiekne*se ( other insulating mate. * rial- g diatmuaeenns earth type nest *r 1 tli- surface in Miflicient iliii-km-. to reduce tl* temperature to .VKI or lower, and 81 |ier cent mugne.i# or other ma terial as an tiler layer. Up to 1200, a single layer id hydrous calcium silicate / (usually of lesser thickness than the for mer cumbinaiiou cnveringl is all that i needed. A standard 20-in. pipe wiih a trm- lieraiure of 700 is a good example of the lalmr saved by the use of hydrous calcium silicate insulation. With other standard forms and type ol heat insulalinn. the applicator must handle 26 pieces for each 3 ft of pipe. With k-segmrnlal insulation, he handles only three. All sixes and thicknesses of this pipe insulation ore made In Simplified ()j. im-nsional Standard. Tlti-i system wa tievised hv Ray Thomas, stuff engineer for Union (!arbide and Carbon Cnrporation, as a mean id simplifying the application and storage ol pre-iormed heat insulation. At the lime that Thomas first published Ivi* prn|N>*al (or the sys tem. this company wa* considering sim ilar leas. Hydrous calcium silicate wa among, the first, if not the first, hral insulation 1 le manufactured in eon(urmancc with hit systrm. It is grad ually bring adopted by other manufac turer. t'lu lrr the Simplified Dimensional Standard system, every piece ol pipe insulation is made with an uulsitle diam eter that rtvrresponds to that ol a stand ard pi|\ Under the old y-trin. pi|oiusulati.m is made in what are called standard and double standard thickneses. So-enlled standard and double standard thicknesses are constant through certain ranges of pipe diam 1 eters. Iterause standard pi|>e i/rs are often actually larger than their nominal d iu n rlrrs (e.g., "unc-inelt" pipe h.t an actual OD ol 1.32 in , "six-inch" pipe an OD of 6.63 in .), pipe insolation made to the old system will not always nest. Tu overcome this handicap, the Sim plified I)imenion.il Standard* system varies the lliiekne ol the insulation from nominal thickness. So-called "oneinch" thick insulation for a "onr-inch' pipe i actually 1.08 in. thick. "Oneinch" thick insulation (or a "si-utc!t" pipe is actually fl.'X in. thick. These variations are. insignificant a* to thermal condiirianrc tand our heat b n chanlake actual lliieknes into account t. The V i Owens-Illinois P*onl ol Soyreville, New Jersey, one o( two plants devoted entirely to the production ol hydrout calcium lilicote. Pieces el insulation under water a week, after being pulled .out af mud left by Missouri River flood at Kansas City. Same pieces after being cleaned ' under a stream of tap water and dried. ta ::3 rrsst i TI ti-'ult i liuti ulntion inaiti Su siti *vlrm will alwny urti. Any i*c ni thickn** will fil nngly aver clther e *landari! pi|w in anoikrr sitr or thick-, ne* nf insulnlhm. Sovings b y S.O.S. System 'lite Mving anlii i|iulnl ity Thomas in en jiinp sin* syrtrsn itavi' prov-rd tirai. llrriiii<- ni th iitrrriinngculiilily f iifiilnliun niail>` lo thiv aylrin, th niimlwr al i/f* ami siiti knew * re|iiirii| In ilo n piwn jult i yti'iiilv ir. ilu' C'l. Dii* is iiariimlarly bendu ini tu ili*- iiv-r nini ker|>* iiivriiluiir* nf inali'riaI fnr mniiil'-nuncr. Hit no lungi-r iirnl ki'rp in MiM'k all isr* .uni lliii kni'*r<t liuti minili In' rri|tiireil fnr Iti* iitMiliiti'd `|iii|ilnrnl. Itisic-sd, he enn iturk onty nmufih si'jrj tinti thirkn*\.\'i lo moke fi th nereMary coiiihinaliniu. If |inn ri*i'* are riinngcd aficr -itili)*'meni ho Itei-n insuUled, llu-n-by m-r-r. ilntinp (rra lrr intulalion ihicknr**, th nrr ran imply apply anotlier layer lo Iti* rsitling innulation. Ile nttcl nnt re-, move th fir*t ins latino ami apply a nnw, lliickrr covering. It i* worlh notine lltat th 1200 K fliTlive temperature limit of bydron* ralcium ailicatc alvo applica bere. Ofti'it intulalion must be removed (rum ei|uipmrnt because new operatine tem perature eiceed 500 or 600 F limita of itbe material. Sovings In Applicollon To th en g in rm wbo design nini aperify ami to tlir workmrn tulio apply. th advuntage of Kayln In ai itiMilaiii*n priuliu-t* are many. lite limitatimi leu. The `'limitatimi*'* are. tini up wiili tlw ad.anfage. One i tbat lite mali-rial i *n troni ami riun tki li w .* Le liroken and *lia|x-d raily arotiiul irrrgular Mir/acr*. a mit unrmnmmi prai-iio-, lltmiuli noi conaidered gund wmLutau*liip. On lite otber hand. il i* ibi* Ircngllt CmilliilU'il Willi light wi-iyltl limi uiake* it povaible. to mmuiiuuun- and a|iply the inwitalion in larger ire* than ha* hern previmi* prarliee. This ante sirm pib make* it poilile for the applii-alor to rut hydrous calcium siliati' in-illation to fit irregular surface vr mid pare* with an ordinary aw. or even with a knife. Applicator who use it learn the new "itick* o'f the trade" piirkty. Applif.iinf applet iate the fact that Itvdrou 1`aleium ilieatc i* nun-twsic ami "rji on the hand." \m! tin high trriiglli make* it p-title in walk mi inilluted pipe and eipiipiiieni during mlallalintt, and also ledin i' the uiiinuiit if insulation breakugr duiing rii|ilrutiiim. Tltr insulation Inrriiuiu mi a large refinery project in llliimi where this inulatin wa* ued ihrmiglmul, remarked rerrutly that Use wii'ii-d iniilalinn fnr the entire jub ild lie Imuled away in a pick-up irin-k. K'timatnr are learning to u*e a mailer breakage faetur when hydrous ealeium ilieutc ia specified. It i* not uniKual for appliealora to mis crushed magnesia insulation with water to form a paste and force it into mall areas to be insulated. Hydrous ralt-imn silicate, being insoluble in water, cannot be used this way. This Tdascopa of sectional hydrous calcium silicatf pip* insulation, iltwslroling how Simplified Oimcnsionol Slondo'ds allows Msiing. aame water innolubility, however, naie* damage from rain before wi m ating on outside jobs, aiid si need for replacing insulation if sir watrr leak occur in insulated Kefining tower, insulated bB weaihereualed, have withalood rains and high winds without <fa Hydrous ealeium silicate tn*Uai applied in the. ante manner as insulating materials, ft is avs either with or without canvascn and ran tie trapped, wired Of j to surface being insulated. I*i any tyt' compatible, with an a t surface run lie ueii. It nail and i holding power are better than avIt has guild affinity fnr inulalin,finishing cements. Due tu its compatibility with a v of adhesives, plus the fact that it it in Simplified Dimensional Slant hydrous calcium silicate pipe insul as well as block may be ahiplapp order. Sluplapped insulation At ether like shiplapped lumber, pi ing staggered joints in aingle layc plication. Skilled applicators often their own shiplapping in the field," ** or even a chipping hammer _ The variety of forms of heat ir. lion that can be made in the plant tlw field by sawing, drilling, lamifi or combinations of them is almost less.. Skillful, conscientious wort have found numerous shortcuts theso method*. The engineer *m estimator need only to deride * product promise! in be the more nnmiral fur their requirements. A lthough a relative newcomer ti field this heat insuluiion is a pt material in the oil refinery and gas i easing field. Among the companies u it for major installationa are Texas, Cull, Sinclair. Standard of Jersey, Standard of Indiana, Stanof Ohio, Standard of California, Stu Pure Oil, Imperial Oil, Phillips. S Clitic Service, and Humble. * C-62 THE PETROLEUM ENGINEER, April. | /< e x h ib it s Kaylo Heat Insulation is a hydrous (aldum silicateU a revolutionary heat-saving material.-outstanding both In performance and ease of application. \9i -V'-' t T rSt.* T, .} KAYIO W S INSULATION b mod* to StmpIMad Dimensional Stondordi of IhicIwanM and diomatan tor mug netting, rhon necettary. LOW K FACTOR--Billions of sub-micro scopic air paces which compose the structure of Kaylo. Heat Insulation give it exceptional insulating value. r- TEMPERATURE RANGE UP TO 1200 F. --Kaylo Heat Insulation eliminates the need for combination coverings in nearly all operat ing conditions. LONG SERVICE LIFE--Kaylo Heat Insula tion remains dimensionally stable, strong and efficient over the years--although exposed to temperatures up to 1200*F. i*s INSOLUBILITY IN WATER--E ven w hen saturated, Kaylo Heat Insulation retains about 85% of its strength. I t returns to its original strength after drying. HIGHSTRENGTH~~Breakage of Kaylo Heat Insulation is almost negligible in shipping and installation--workmen can walk on insulated equipment without causing breakage. LIGHT WEIGHT--Since Kaylo Heat Insula tion weighs only 11 pounds per cubic foot, it is exceptionally easy to handle and apply. WIDE RANGE OF SIZES AND SHAPES --Kaylo Heat Insulation's unmatched selec tion of sizes and shapes reduces the number of pieces required per job. EASE OF CUTTING AND FITTING- O r dinary tools of the trade are used to install Kaylo H eat Insulation. The material is nonirritating to the skin and non-toxic. for compia** datoli on all of the advan tage of Kaylo H*ot Insulation, writ Dept. N -49, Oweiu-ttlinoH Clow Compony, Kaylo Division, Tol*do I , OMo. . . . pioneered by OWEN first in calcium silicate ^ILLINOIS G la ss Co m p an y M AIN O FFICIl TOLtD O 1. O H IO --X A n o S A U S O F F IC IS I ATLANTA BOSTON BUFFALO CHICADO CINCINNATI . C lIV IlA N D IT B O IT HOUSTON MINNfA F O IK NSW YOUIt OKLAHOM A CITY FH IIA D IIP H IA PITTSSUKOH ST. LOUIS WASHINOTON THE PETROLEUM ENGINEER, April,t f S l VMolam.reInfornati**a*gradartiodvartbadle*gag* F-It C-41