Document wrqkekZDYjDxZyqqQxNR3Y8po

Taft/ Taft Stettinius & Hollister LLP 425 Walnut Street, Suite 1 8 0 0 /Cincinnati, OH 4 5 2 0 2 -3 9 5 7 /Tel: 51 3.3 8 1 .2 8 3 8 /Fax: 513.381.0205 / www.taftlaw.com Cincinnati / Cleveland / Columbus / Dayton / Indianapolis / Northern Kentucky / Phoenix / Beijing R o b e r t a . B ilo tt 5 1 3 .3 5 7 .9 6 3 8 bilott@taftlaw.com imm illi ilfi * li! fi February 2, 2009 TSCA Confidential Business Information Center (7407M) EPA East - Room 6428, Attn: Section 8(e) & FYI U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW P J'- r - o a . o ' ? - o o / 3 7 g * Washington, DC 20460-0001 3*3 Re: Submission To TSCA 8(e)/FYI Database Re: PFOA/PFOS o kO ro ---S3* cn o cn - ^ C rj: r n c To TSCA 8(e)/FYI Database: W e are hereby providing the following information for inclusion in the TSCA 8(e)/ FYI databases with respect to PFOA/PFOS: 1. C-8 Science Panel Status Report, "Association of Perfluorooctanic Acid (PFOA) and Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) with Uric Acid Among Adults with Elevated Community Exposure to PFOA" (Jan. 23, 2009); 2. Fei, C., et al, "Maternal Levels of Perfluorinated Chemicals and Subfecundity," 1 Hum. Reprod. 1-6 (Jan. 28, 2009); 3. West Virginia University, "C-8 Health Project Results: C-8 and Other Clinical Conditions and Diagnoses" (Jan. 2009); and 4. West Virginia University, "C-8 Health Project Results: C-8 and Other Laboratory Values" (Tabular Format) (Jan. 2009). RAB.mdm Enclosures 11322984.1 u> W P-2 Status report: Association of perfluorooctanic acid (PFOA) and perfluoroctanesulfonate (PFOS) with uric acid among adults with elevated community exposure to PFOA The C8 Science Panel (Kyle Steenland, Tony Fletcher, David Savitz) January 23,2009 This report summarizes the findings relating PFOA (C8) and PFOS (C8S) to levels of uric acid in the serum of the participants in the C8 Health Project, which was carried out in 2005-2006 in the Mid-Ohio Valley. A full report ofthese findings will be submitted to a peer-reviewed scientific journal. 1r p.3 Background: Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA, also known at C8) and perfluoroctanesulfonte (PFOS, also known at C8S) are compounds which do not occur in nature but have been widely used in chemical production since WWII, and persist indefinitely in the environment. They are present in the serum of most Americans at median (50thpercentile) levels of 4 ng/ml (nanogram/milliter) and 21 ng/ml, respectively, and also present in the serum of residents of many other countries. PFOA has been associated with elevated uric acid in one study of exposed workers, but not previously studied in a general population. Uric acid is a risk factor for hypertension and possibly for other cardiovascular disease. Methods: We conducted a cross sectional study to examine the association between PFOA and PFOS and uric acid in the serum among 55,388 community residents age 18 and older in Ohio and West Virginia, who lived or worked in six water districts contaminated with PFOA from a chemical plant. All these residents participated in the C8 Health Project in 2005-2006. At that time they gave blood, which was used to measure both PFOA and uric acid in the serum (the liquid clear part of the blood after blood cells have been taken out). We compared their levels of uric acid in relation to levels of C8 via multiple regression techniques, while adjusting for other variables which could influence uric acid. Results: The median (50thpercentile) of uric acid level in the population was 5.5 mg/dl (milligram/deciliter). The median level of PFOA was 30 ng/ml, while the median level of PFOS was 20 ng/ml. Both PFOA and PFOS were significantly associated with increases in uric acid levels, with an increase of 0.2-0.3 mg/dl in uric acid associated with an increase from the lowest to highest decile (each decile represents 10% of the population) of either PFOA or PFOS. The risk of excessive uric acid (defined as >6 mg/dl in women, >6.8mg/dl in men) increased modestly with increasing quartile of each of the two chemicals; the ratios of risk for each quartile versus the first quartile were 1.00,1.24 (95% confidence interval 1.16-1.32), 1.34(95% confidence interval 1.26-1.43), and 1.38 (95% confidence interval 1.30-1.47) for PFOA and 1.00, 1.06 (95% confidence interval 0.99-1.12), 1.17 (95% confidence interval 1.10-1.24), and 1.25 (95% confidence interval 1.17-1.33) for PFOS. Conclusion: Higher serum levels of both PFOA and PFOS were associated with a higher risk of excessive uric acid in the blood. However, because of the fact that uric acid and PFOA/PFOS were measured at the same time, we cannot know if an increase in either PFOA or PFOS would lead to an increase in uric acid. Other possibilities include that both uric acid and these two chemicals increase in relation to some other unknown chemical in the blood, or even that an increase in uric acid in fact causes an increase in PFOA or PFOS for unknown reasons. Therefore no firm conclusions about a causal relationship between PFOA or PFOS and uric acid can be drawn from these findings. Hum. Reprod. Advance Access published January 28, 2009 Human Reproduction, VoM , No. I pp. 1-6, 2009 doi: 10 .1093/bumrep/den490 P-5 Maternal levels of perfluorinated chemicals and subfecundity Chunyuan Fei15, Joseph K. McLaughlin2*3, Loren Lipworth2*3, and Jorn Olsen1(4 1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health. University of California - Los Angeles. PO Box 951772, 71-254 CHS. 650 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles. CA 90095-1772, USA ^International Epidemiology Institute. 1455 Research Boulevard, Rockville. MD 20850. USA Vanderbilt University Medical Center. Vanderbilt-lngram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA '`institute of PubBc Health, University of Aarhus, Vennelyst Boulevard 6, DK 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark 'Correspondence address. Tel: +1-310-825-5373; Fax: +1-310-206-6039; E-mail: cfei@ucla.edu _, _ , .. . . ... .... ...... ............................ ...... L iib iq iA o u sm a n -m a d e co m p o u n d sth a ta re p o ss- ib le horm onal d is ru p te rs .W e exam ined w h e th er exposure to these c o m p e te d m ay decrease fe c tto d ity iir htifY^rfs. M E T H O D S : Plasma levels o f PFOS and PEOA w ere measured a t weeks 4 -1 4 o f pregnancy among 1240 w om en from .th e Danish N ational B irth C o h o rt re cru ite d fro m 1996 to 2002. For thispnegnancy, w om en fe p O fb e ^tim e to p r^ ia W ^ (TT P ) in frve categdrtes ( < I 1--2 3--5 6 -1 2 and > 12 m otbs). In fe rtility was defined as having a TTP o f > 12 m onths o r received in fe rtility tre a tm e n t to establish this*pregnancy! r e s u l t s : L ^ r i p p was associated w ith higher m aternal levels o f PFO A and PFS (P < 0.001). C o m p a re d w ith w om en in + h e lo w e st exposure q u a rtile , tfe a fju s te d odds o f in fe rtility increased b y . ^ l^ a n d - f iO r ^ * am ong w om en in and PFO A, r e s ^ ^ ^ ^ u n d ig r o d d s ratios (FORs) w e re a ^ e s ftn a ^ J ji^ ^ o x d is c r e tfe tin je m odels. T headyrstnrifFO R sw r-rr. W^ ^ i ^ i O T r W h W ,e S t r e s p e t^ e ^ c o m p a ri^ w ith th e low est <jpac% . A lin e a r-lik e i;tfln d w as observed fo r Wreshpeenctiavlellqy)u. a ffs tr^.r' |yn' duded in a likelihoodriatio t e s u ^ t r d *^,w ^ e ^ a ^ n t t f o r PFOS and PETYA (PJm1?jm w p -c- 0;QI,' C O N C L U S IO N S .T h e s e findings suggest th a t PFOA and PFOS exposure a t plasma levels seen in th e general population may reduce fecundity; such exposure levels are com m on in developed countries. K e y w o r d s : m aternal blood / tim e to pregnancy / fecundity / perftaorooctanpate / perfluorooctane sulfonate Introduction P erfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) belong to a class o f perflu o rin a te d chemicals (PFCs) th a t are w idely used in m any consum er products (paper w raps, fire-fig h tin g foams, pesticides, te xtile s including clothing, upholstery, carpets and personal care p ro d u cts) and in m anufacturing processes (industrial surfactants and em ulsifiers). They are persistent in the environm ent and have been detected in w ild life and humans around the w o rld (G iesy and Kannan. 2001; Kannan et o f, 2004; A pelberg et o /,, 2007; Calafat et o /,, 2007; Fei et of., 2007). They w ere considered biologically inac tive w hen firs t com m ercially introduced in the I9 5 0's, b u t animal studies o f PFOA and PFOS have since indicated to xic effects on the live r, im m une system and developm ental and reproductive organs (Kennedy et o /,, 2004; Lau et of., 2004, 2007). PFOA and PFOS may affect sex horm one homeostasis, and have been associated w ith increased incidence o f fe ta l resorptions and pregnancy loss in animals (Case et o /,, 2001; B utenhoff et o /,, 2004; Lau et o/., 2006; W o lf et o/., 2007). '' In recent decades, a rem arkable decline in fe rtility rates has been observed in developed countries, w hich can largely be explained by social changes in desired fam ily sizes and b e tte r contraceptive m ethods, b u t may also in p a rt be a ttrib u te d to reduced fecundity, the biological capacity to reproduce (O lsen and Rachootin, 2003). In th e USA, 2% o f w om en o f reproductive age had an in fe rtility-re la te d m edical appointm ent w ith in the previous year, and 8% had an in fe rtility-re la te d m edical visit a t som e p o in t in th e past (C enters fo r Disease C o n tro l and Prevention (C D Q , 2008). In fe rtility is associated w ith psychological stress and anxiety fo r w om en and couples, and w ith adverse b irth outcom es o r diseases (Zhu et o /,, 2007; Jensen et o/., 2008), and trea tm e nt carries financial burdens fo r individuals and fo r society. Environm ental pollutants, such as polychlorinated biphenyls, pesti cides and o th e r chemicals (Taskinen et o/., 1999; Law et o /,, 2005), T h e A u th o r 2 0 0 9 . Published by O xfo rd U niversity Press on behalf o f th e European Society o f H um an R eproduction and E m btyoiogy. AH rights reserved. For Perm issions, please em ail: y x im a b perm issions@ oxfordjoum als.org. / " "S' P-6 2 Fei et al. have been linked to subfecundity. In a previous paper (Fei et al.. 2007), w e re p o rte d th a t m aternal PFOS and PFOA levels w ere inversely related to p a rity, perhaps due to fe ta l uptake during pregnancy o r e xcre tio n by breast m ilk, b u t this association could also be explained by a lin k betw een exposure to PFOS o r PFOA and subfecundity. W e used data fro m th e Danish N ational B irth C o h o rt (D N B C ) to assess w h e th e r m aternal plasma PFOS and PFOA levels, m easured in early pregnancy, w e re associated w ith a longer tim e to pregnancy (TTP), a m easure th a t has been used to estim ate fecundity in epidem iologic studies fo r m ore than 25 years (R achootin and O lsen, 1982). Materials and Methods The wom en were enrolled into the DNBC, a nationwide follow -up study o f alm ost 100 000 children and th e ir m others. M ore details about the co h o rt have been presented elsewhere (O lsen et al., 2001). Briefly, preg nant wom en were recruited through th e ir general practitioners around weeks 6 -1 2 o f gestation. Approxim ately 50% o f all general practitioners in Denm ark participated in the study, and approxim ately 60% o f invited wom en accepted the invitation to participate. Self-reported data were col lected by com puter-assisted telephone interviews tw ice during pregnancy and tw ice a fte r b irth . A study biobank was set up, consisting o f tw o maternal blood samples taken during pregnancy, and one umbilical cord blood sample obtained shortly after b irth . W e measured plasma PFOA and PFOS levels in a subset o f DNBC par ticipants. Am ong all participants (n = 43 045) w ho provided the firs t maternal blood sample, gave birth to a single live bom child w ithout con genital m alform ation, and com pleted all fo u r telephone interviews, we ran dom ly selected 1400 wom en. Detailed inform ation about sampling has been described elsewhere (Fei et al., 2007). W e excluded 160 w ith unplanned pregnancies o r unknown TTP. Altogether, 1240 women were included in o u r main analyses. W ritte n inform ed consent was obtained from all participants at recruit m ent. The U CLA O ffice fo r Protection o f Research Subjects (Reference N o. 06-08-023-01) and the Danish Data Protection Agency (Reference N o. J.N r 2006-41-6324) approved the study protocol. Time to pregnancy In the firs t interview (at approxim ately 12 weeks o f gestation), wom en were asked if th e ir pregnancy was planned, partly planned o r not planned. A ll except those responding "not planned' were further asked. 'F or how long did you try to get pregnant before you succeeded?' follow ed by five fixed answering categories o f TTP: got pregnant immediately (i.e. < 1 m onths), 1 -2 , 3 -5 , 6 -1 2 and > l2 m o n th s. Infertility was defined as having a TTP o f > 12 months o r in fe rtility treatm ent to establish the current pregnancy. PFOA and PFOS exposure W e used the maternal blood samples taken at the first antenatal visit (weeks 4 -1 4 o f pregnancy) fo r this study. Concentrations o f PFOS and PFOA in plasma were measured by high perform ance liquid chrom ato graphy/tandem mass spectrom etry at the 3M Toxicology Laboratory (Ehresman et ol.. 2007). Stable labeled analogs o f PFOS ( I8 0 2 PFOS) and PFOA (I3 C 2 PFOA) were used in extraction procedures, and the extractions were perform ed using solid phase extraction techniques and based on 100 p i o f plasma. A ll values were above LLOQ (the low er lim it o f quantification: I n g /m l), except one PFOA value that was assigned a value o f half the LLO Q . Further details about the analysis methods were given in o u r earlier rep o rt (Fei et a l,, 2007). The laboratory was blinded to any inform ation on the pregnant women. S tatistical analysis PFOA and PFOS levels were analyzed as continuous variables and were also categorized a p rio ri into quartiles using the lowest quartile as the reference group. W e firs t used logistic regression to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) o f in fe rtility fo r wom en who were exposed to higher levels o f PFOA o r PFOS compared w ith the reference level. Fecundity odds ratios (FORs) were then estimated using the Cox m odel m odified fo r dis crete tim e data (Allison 1995). Approxim ate median numbers o f months (i.e. 1, 2, 4 and 9) were assigned to the firs t fo u r reported categories o f TTP. TTP was censored at the 13th m onth if wom en had a TTP > 12 months o r received in fe rtility treatm ent fo r this pregnancy (n = 2 0 1 ). In our study, FORs measure the odds o f a successful conception fo r women who had higher levels o f PFOA o r PFOS compared w ith the refer ence levels w ithin a given calendar m onth, given that the wom en did not become pregnant in the previous m onth. FORs < I therefore indicate decreased fecundity and a longer TTP. A value o f P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Potential confounders included maternal age at delivery, parity, pre pregnancy body mass index (BMI), maternal socio-occupational status, paternal education, paternal age and alcohol consumption before preg nancy. Age at menarche, irregular menstrual periods, history o f spon taneous miscarriages, abdominal diseases (e.g. endom etriosis, pain), paternal occupation and gestational weeks at blood drawing were also considered, but were not included in the final models as they had little effect on the estimated associations. Inform ation on smoking and coffee consumption were only reported after pregnancy and wom en w ith TTP > 12 months were m ore likely to have stopped smoking; furtherm ore, adjustment fo r these variables did not change the associations between PFOA o r PFOS and the outcom e, and were therefore not included in the models. Results H a lf o f the w om en became pregnant w ith in the firs t 2 m onths o f trying, w hile 379 (30% ) had a TTP o f > 6 m onths, 188 o f w hom had a TTP o f > 12 m onths. The average age o f the w om en was 30.6 years and 15% w ere above 35 years o f age a t delivery. A b o u t half o f the w om en w ere expecting th e ir firs t child (Table I), and o n e -th ird w ere overw eight o r obese. Eighteen p e r cent had a h isto ry o f spontaneous miscarriages and 14% re p o rte d experiencing irregular m enstrual cycles p rio r to this pregnancy. The median plasma PFOA and PFOS levels among th e planned o r p a rtly planned pregnancies w ere 5.3 n g /m l [in te rq u a rtile (IQ R ): 4.0, 7 .0 ] and 33.7 n g /m l (IQ R : 26.6, 43.5), respectively. As previously re p o rte d (Fei et al., 2007), PFOS and PFOA levels decreased w ith increasing age o r p a rity and w ith decreasing pre-pregnancy BMI. PFOA levels w ere associated w ith irregular m enstrual periods (9.0% in the low est q u artile versus 15.0% in the upper th re e quartiles), as w e ll as PFOS (11.6% in the low est quartile versus 14.2% in the upper th re e quartiles). C om pared w ith w om en w h o g o t pregnant in th e firs t 6 m onths o f w aiting tim e , w om en w ho had a longer TTP had higher PFOA and PFOS levels (P < 0.001 fo r b o th), and they w ere m ore like ly to be o ld e r, o f m iddle socio-occupational status, and to have a histo ry o f spontaneous miscarriages o r irre g u la r m en strual cycles (Table I). Those w ith younger partners o r partners w ith higher education levels had a sh o rte r TTP. The p ro p o rtio n o f w om en w ith TTP > 12 m onths (in fe rtility ) was higher in th e higher th re e quartiles o f PFOA and PFOS versus the low est q u a rtile (Table II). W e estim ated th a t th e odds o f in fe rtility Perfluorinated chemicals and tim e to pregnancy i P-7 3 W om en w ith planned pregnancy (n = 1240)% <6 months (n = 861)% 6 -1 2 months (n = 191)% PFOS, ng/m lb 35.5 12.8 PFOA, ng/m lb 5.6 2.6 Maternal age at delivery < 25 years 7.8 25-29 years 40.0 30-34 years 37.0 >35 years 15.2 Parity 0 44.7 1 36.3 > 2 19.0 Pre-pregnancy BMI < 18.5 kg/m 2 4.2 18.5-24.9 kg/m 2 66.3 25.0-29.9 kg/m 2 22.3 >30.0 kg/m 2 7.2 Maternal SES Higher 51.9 Middle 40.2 Lower 7.9 Alcohol consumption before pregnancy (drinks/week) 0 to < 1 22.0 1 -1 .5 24.0 2 -3 22.0 > 3 32.0 Smoking in early pregnancy Yes 22.7 No 77.3 History o f spontaneous miscarriages No 82.0 Yes 18.0 Irregular menstrual periods No 86.4 Yes 13.6 Paternal age < 3 0 years 29.4 3 0 -3 4 years 39.3 3 5 -3 9 years 23.1 > 40 years 8.2 Paternal education Lower 20.2 Middle 33.9 Higher 41.6 O ther o r unknown 4.3 34.6 12.7 5.4 2.2 8.8 42.1 37.0 12.1 41.9 39.4 18.7 3.8 67.9 21.9 6.3 54.2 37.4 8.4 20.8 22.7 23.3 33.3 22.5 77.5 85.2 14.8 88.2 11.8 313 41.0 20.1 6.7 19.2 31.7 45.1 4.1 36.6 12.5 6.0 3.4 8.4 39.3 35.1 17.3 49.2 32.5 18.3 5.9 61.0 24.6 8.6 45.3 47.4 7.4 23.7 22.6 20.5 33.2 27.2 72.8 74.9 25.1 87.9 12.1 28.4 35.8 24.7 11.0 24.6 36.1 34.6 4.7 .,, ....... <f ' f 2 7 'm s^rS 6 0 :^^ >12 m onths (n = 188)% 383 13.0 6.3 2.7 PFOA (ng/m l)b - PFOS (ng/m l)b - 2.1 6.1 1.9 38.0 10.9 31.4 6.1 2 .8 37.1 12.6 39.4 5.2 2.3 34.2 13.3 27.1 5.2 2.4 33.2 12.5 54.8 33.0 12.2 6.7 2.7 4.8 2.0 4.6 2.2 37.8 12.7 33.7 12.7 33.5 12.3 4.3 5.2 2 .1 32.9 13.8 64.2 5.6 2.7 35.0 12.8 21.4 5.7 2.3 36.7 11.8 10.2 6.1 2 .6 38.8 13.8 47.6 5.6 2.4 34.2 12.5 46.0 5.7 2.8 37.1 12.8 6.4 5.6 2.2 36.9 13.8 25.7 5.3 2.2 35.4 12.4 31.6 5.8 2.4 37.0 12.8 17.6 5.5 2.2 35.7 13.1 25.1 5.9 3.1 34.4 12.8 19.0 81.0 5.6 2.3 5.6 2.6 34.4 11.7 35.8 13.1 74.3 5.7 2.6 35.6 12.7 25.7 5.3 2.2 35.1 13.4 77.1 5.6 2.6 35.4 13.0 22.9 5.8 2.0 36.0 11.6 17.1 6.2 2.4 38.0 12.3 35.3 5.5 2.8 35.0 12.9 35.3 5.3 2.2 34.3 13.4 12.3 5.2 2.5 33.3 11.3 20.7 41.5 33.0 4.8 5.7 2.1 5.9 3.0 5.4 2.4 5.7 2.6 38.2 12.4 37.5 12.8 32.8 12.5 33.4 12.9 fiy ^ n th d o u s m iscarriages (n -- I ) , a lc o h o l, p.8 Fei et at. T(nagb/mlel)IIinEesatrilmyaptreedgOnaRncfyo*r infertility (TTP > 12 months) and FOR according to plasina concentrations of PFOS or PFOA Exposure PFOS (ng/m l) 6 .4 -2 6 .0 26.1-33.3 3 3 .4 -4 3 .2 >43.3 P-value fo r trend1* PFOA (ng/m l) < LLOQ --3.91 3 .9 1 -5 .2 0 5 .2 1 -6 .9 6 >6.97 P-value fo r trend'* N o. o f planned pregnancy 293 305 317 317 293 308 315 316 In fe rtility Per cent 10.6 15.4 19.5 18.6 8.9 18.2 15.5 21.5 OR (95% C l)b 1.00 1.70(1.01.2.86) 2.34 (1.40, 3.89) 1.77(1.06, 2.95) 0.025 1.00 2.06(1.22. 3.51) 1.60 (0.93, 2.78) 2.54 (1.47, 4.39) 0.006 wfoormtheenfo(tmur-q*u>aittoifteacl oomr,)parison of PFOA andbP^RajuS^I^frrenliswuskmigg.adaDtkM*hoebmd arantaiotetse;sht.j^est.t-itdrirSefgidreesnsckemm;t'et^rvd^feftQra^teTfetcinDSrM^. FOR (95% C l)c 1.00 0.70 (0.56, 0.87) 0.67 (0.53. 0.84) 0.74 (0.58.0.93) 0.002 1.00 0.72 (0.57, 0.90) 0.73 (0.58, 0.92) 0.60 (0.47, 0.76) <0.001 ntrraeift^irdpotaettseotmsfoqafuiF&aCnftWicfiiccsaattwifooenrrc.e1sgeivveenn increased by 7 0 - 134% fo r w om en in each o f the higher exposure cat egories o f PFOS, and 6 0 -1 5 4 % fo r w om en in each o f the higher exposure categories o f PFOA, com pared w ith the low est q u artile. W om en w h o w ere exposed to higher levels o f PFOA o r PFOS had a longer TTP; th e adjusted FORs w ere 0.70, 0.67 and 0.74 fo r the to p th re e quartiles o f PFOS and 0.72, 0.73 and 0.60 fo r the to p th re e quartiles o f PFO A (versus the low est q u a rtile ) (Table II). W hen a ll qu a rtile s w ere included in a like lih o o d ra tio test, the trends w ere significant fo r PFOS and PFOA (P = 0.002 and < 0 .0 0 1 , re s p e c tiv e ly ). W o m en w h o w e re carrying unplanned pregnancies had lo w e r PFC levels. T he m edian level was 4.8 n g /m l (IQ R : 3.5, 6.6) fo r PFOA and 30.0 n g /m l (IQ R : 26.6, 43.5) fo r PFOS. They w ere o f younger age ( ^ ^ years) o r m uch o ld e r (> 35 years), m ore often parous and o f lo w e r socio-occupational status. They w ere less likely to take contra ce p tive pills and to d rin k alcohol before pregnancy, b u t m ore likely to sm oke in early pregnancy. Including these w om en as having a TTP o f < I m onth' strengthened th e observed associations (data n o t show n). O n ly including w om en w ith regular m enstrual periods slightly lessened th e association (data n o t shown). Discussion T o o u r know ledge, th is is th e firs t study to assess th e associations betw een PFO A and PFOS plasma levels and TTP in humans. H igher m aternal PFO A and PFOS levels m easured in early pregnancy w ere found to be associated w ith longer TTP. The odds o f a conception leading to a recognized pregnancy w ere reduced fo r w om en w ho w ere exposed to PFOS and PFOA above the low est q uartile. and the m agnitude o f th e red u ctio n in fecundity was sim ilar fo r the th re e higher quartiles. The exposure tim e w in d o w o f in te re st is at the sta rt o f pregnancy planning, b u t o u r exposure data w ere taken at 4 -1 4 weeks gestation. PFOA and PFOS levels w ere, how ever, rath e r stable over pregnancy (Fei et o f, 2007). W e assume th a t o u r exposure assessment reflects the exposure level during the e ntire pregnancy planning tim e period. Inform ation on TTP was obtained during the firs t trim e ste r when w om en should be able to recall this w ith reasonable accuracy (Joffe et o/., 2005). W e fu rth e r provided five response categories in o rd e r to fa cilita te valid recall, a t the expense o f precision. D ifferential recall by w om en according to PFC levels is unlikely to be a problem in o u r study since the exposure levels w ere unknow n to them . M aternal age, paternal age and paternal education substantially changed the associations betw een PFOS and TTP, w hile p a rity and paternal education w ere the m ost influential confounders in the analy sis o f PFOA. W e did n o t have inform ation on som e im p orta n t d e te r m inants o f TTP, including frequency and tim ing o f intercourse, and sperm quality. Sperm quality could p o ten tia lly co n trib u te to the associ ations betw een m aternal PFC levels and TTP, if these com pounds im pact sperm quality and if PFC levels in male and fem ale partners are sim ilar, w hich is likely to some e xte nt since the couples may share som e aspects o f lifestyle and around 99% subjects in this sub c o h o rt had a spouse o r partner. A djustm ent fo r paternal occupation d id n o t change the estim ates. There are several p o ten tia l lim itations o f o u r study. First, we studied TTP o f pregnancies w hich led to the b irth o f a child, lim iting conclusions th a t can be draw n regarding wom en w ho w ere unable to get pregnant, even a fte r in fe rtility treatm ent. O n ly couples w ho planned o r p a rtly planned th e ir pregnancy can re p o rt a TTP. N in e ty p e r cent o f the w om en planned o r partly planned th e ir preg nancy in o u r study. Selection bias resulting from exclusion o f fe rtile w om en w ho did n o t plan th e ir pregnancy is possible, and o u r data showed th a t the associations betw een PFC levels and longer TTP I P-9 Perfluorinated chemicals and tim e to pregnancy w ere stron g e r a fte r inclusion o f unplanned pregnancies in the analyses. References The biological m echanism by w hich exposure to PFOS and PFOA m ay reduce fe cu nd ity is unknow n. PFCs may in te rfe re w ith hypothala m ic--p itu ita ry -o v a ria n regulation, possibly causing irre g u la r m enstrual cycles, delayed ovu la tio n o r early a b ortions n o t recognized by the m oth e r. In this study, w e found sim ilarly higher p ro p o rtio n s o f w om en re p o rtin g irre g u la r m enstrual periods in the upper th re e quar tile s o f PFCs com pared w ith th e low est. Sim ilarly, exposure to PFOS can reduce th e num ber o f regular estrous cycles in rats (A ustin et al., 2003). A lthough the doses adm inistered to rats w ere higher than the levels found in o u r study, but close to those found in occupationally exposed hum an populations (O lsen et al., 1999), the findings o f A u stin et al. (2003) m ay n o t apply to man, since th e ro d e n t estrous cycle is n o t an ideal m odel fo r th e human cycle and the half-lives o f these chem icals in humans greatly d iffe r fro m those in animals. Increased levels o f estrogen a n d /o r decreased levels o f testosterone have also been found in male rats given o ra l doses o f PFOA at 2 m g /kg /d a y o r higher (C o ok et al.. 1992; Biegel et al., 1995; Liu et al., 1996; M artin et al., 2007). A dose o f 3 m g /kg /d a y is approxi m ately equivalent to 4 0 0 0 n g /m l in ra t serum , w hich is slightly higher than levels observed in occupationally exposed populations (B u te nh o ff et al., 2004), but fem ale rats w ere n o t studied as often as m ale rats in th e studies o f PFOA. A b n o rm a l horm one levels may have an im pact on in fe rtility , and results from several anim al studies, although n o t all, show ed th a t exposure to PFOA o r PFOS increased th e incidence o f spontaneous m iscarriages (Case et al., 2001; B utenhoff e t al., 2004; Lau et al., 2006; W o lf et al., 2007). In conclusion, o u r data suggest th a t exposure to PFOA and PFOS at levels found in th e general population may increase TTP. W h e th e r o u r results w ill add PFCs to th e lis t o f risk fa cto rs fo r subfecundity rem ains to be seen, b u t PFCs m ay explain som e o f th e fe rtility differences seen am ong d iffe re n t populations in developed countries. ; A llison PD. Survival Analysis using SAS: A Practical Guide. Cary, N C : SAS ; Institute Press, 1995, 134-136. ; Apelberg BJ, W in e r FR, Herbstman JB, Calafet AM . Balden RU, Needham LL. Goldman LR. Cord serum concentrations o f ; periluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) in : relation to weight and size at birth. Environ Health Perspect 2007; 115:1670-1676. ' Austin ME, Kastun BS, Barber M, Kannan K, MohanKumar PS, MohanKumar SM. Neuroendocrine effects o f perfluorooctane sulfonate in rats. Environ Health Perspect 2003; 111:1485-1489. Biegel LB, Liu RC, H um ME, C ook JC. Effects o f ammonium perfluorooctanoate on Leydig cell function: in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo studies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1995;134:18-25. Butenhoff JL, Kennedy GL Jr, Frame SR. O 'C onnor JC, York RG. The reproductive toxicology o f ammonium perfluorooctanoate (APFO) in the rat. Toxicology 2004; 19 6 :9 5 -116. Calafet AM . W ong LY. Kuklenyik Z , Reidy JA, Needham LL. Pdyfluoroalkyl chemicals in the U.S. population: data from the National Health and N u tritio n Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003 2004 and comparisons to NHANES 1999-2000. Environ Health Perspect 2007; 115 :15 9 6 -1602. Case MT, Y ork RG, Christian MS. Rat and rabbit oral developmental toxicology studies w ith tw o perfluorinated compounds. Int J Toxicol 2 0 0 1 ;2 0 :1 0 1 -1 0 9 . Centers fo r Disease C ontrol and Prevention (C D C ). Assisted Reproductive Technology. 2008; http://w w w .cdc.gov/A R T /2008(date last accessed, 6 May 2008). Cook JC. Murray SM, Frame SR, H um ME. Induction o f Leydig cell adenomas by ammonium perfluorooctanoate: a possible endocrinerelated mechanism. Toxicol Appl Phannacol 1992; 113:209-217. Ehresman DJ, Froehlich JW , Olsen GW , Chang SC, ButenhoffJL Comparison o f human whole blood, plasma, and serum matrices fo r the determ ination o f periluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), and other fluorochemicals. Environ Res 2007; 10 3 :17 6 - 184. Authors' contributions C.F. designed the study, analyzed and in te rp re te d the data, drafted the paper. J.O . m o n ito re d each step o f th e study, designed the study, guided analysis and in te rp re ta tio n o f th e data, and revised the paper.J.K.M . designed th e study, in te rp re te d the data and revised th e paper. L.L. in te rp re te d the data and revised th e paper. Fei CY, McLaughlin JK, Tarone RE, Olsen J. Perfluorinated chemicals and fetal grow th: a study w ithin the Danish National Birth C ohort. Environ Health Perspect 2007; 115 :16 7 7 -1682. Giesy JP, Kannan K. Global distribution o f perfluorooctane sulfonate in w ildlife. Environ Sci Technol 2001 ;3 5 :1339--1342. Jensen A , Shanf H, Olsen JH, Kjaer SK. Risk o f breast cancer and gynecologic cancers in a large population o f nearly 50,000 infertile Danish women. Am J Epidemiol 2008;168:49-57. Joffe M, KeyJ, Best N . Keiding N . Scheike T, Jensen TK. Studying tim e to A ck n o w led g em en ts pregnancy by use o f a retrospective design. Am J Epidemiol. 2005 1 6 2 :1 1 5 -1 2 4 . Kannan K. C orsolini S, Falandysz J, Fillmann G, Kumar KS, Loganathan BG, Thanks are extended to th e 3M T oxicology Laboratory led by D avid : Mohd M A, O livero J, Van W ouwe N , Yang JH et al. J. Ehresman. They p e rfo rm e d a ll la b o ra to ry analyses. : Perfluorooctanesulfonate and related fluorochem icals in human blood from several countries. Environ Sa Technol 2004;38:4489-4495. Funding i T he o riginal study was supported by the In ternational Epidem iology In stitu te (IE I), w hich received a funding grant fro m the 3M Com pany. T he 3M C om pany has no c o n tro l o ve r th e design, data analysis and : : ; Kennedy GL Jr, Butenhoff JL. Olsen G W . O 'C onnor JC, Seacat AM . Perkins RG. Biegel LB, Murphy SR, Farrar DG. The toxicology o f perfluorooctanoate. Ort Rev Toxicol 2004;34:351-384. Lau C, Butenhoff JL, Rogers JM. The developmental to xicity o f perfluoroalkyl acids and th e ir derivatives. Toxicol Appl Phannacol 2004 1 9 8 :2 3 1 -2 4 1 . ' in te rp re ta tio n o r w ritin g o f th is study. J.K.M . and L L w ere em ployed ; by IEI. J.O . and C.F. independently w o rk a t th e U niversity o f C alifornia, : Los Angeles and have no com peting financial in te re st. : Lau C, Thibodeaux JR, Hanson RG, Narotsky MG. Rogers JM, Lindstrom AB, Strynar MJ. Effects o f perfluorooctanoic acid exposure during pregnancy in the mouse. Toxicol Sci 2006;90:510-518. Lau C, A n ito le K, Hodes C, Lai D , Pfahles-Hutchens A , Seed J. Perfluoroalkyl adds: a review o f m onitoring and toxicological findings. Toxicol Sc/ 2007;99:366-394. Law DC, Klebanoff M A, Brock JW, Dunson DB, Longnecker MP. Maternal serum levels o f polychlorinated biphenyls and l,l-d ich lo ro -2 ,2 -b is (p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE) and tim e to pregnancy. Am J Epidemiol 2005;162:523-532. Liu RC, H u n t ME, C ook JC, Biegel LB. Effect o f the peroxisom e proliferators, ammonium p e riluorooctanoate (C8), on hepatic aromatase activity in adult male C rl: C D BR (C D ) rats. Fundam Appl Toxicol 1996;30:220-228. M artin M T, Brennan RJ, Hu W , Ayanoglu E, Lau C, Ren H, W ood CR. C o rto n )C , Kavlock RJ, D ix DJ. Toxicogenomic study o f triazole fungicides and perfluoroalkyl acids in rat livers predicts to xicity and categorizes chemicals based on mechanisms o f toxicity. Toxicol Sci 2 0 0 7 ;9 7 :5 9 5 -6 1 3 . O lsen J, Rachootin P. Invited comm entary: M onitoring fecundity over tim e-- if we do it, then le t's do it rig h t Am J Epidemiol 2003; 15 7 :9 4 -9 7 . O lsen G W , Burris JM. Mandel JH, Z obel LR. Serum perfluorooctane sulfonate and hepatic and lipid clinical chem istry tests in fluorochem ical production employees. J Occup Environ Med 1999; 41:79 9 -8 0 6. Olsen J, Melbye M, Olsen SF, Sorensen TI, Aaby P, Andersen AM, Taxbel D. Hansen KD, JuN M, Schow TB et ol. The Danish National Birth C ohort-- its background, structure and aim. Scand J Public Health 2 0 0 1 ;2 9 :3 0 0 -3 0 7 . Rachootin P, Olsen J. Prevalence and socioeconomic correlates o f subfecundity and spontaneous abortion in Denmark, int J Epidemiol 1982;11:245-249. Taskinen HK, Kyyrnen P, Sallmn M, Virtanen SV, Liukkonen TA, Huida O , Lindbohm M L A nttila A . Reduced fe rtility among female w ood w orkers exposed to formaldehyde. Am J Ind Med. 1999; 3 6 .2 0 6 -2 1 2 . W o lf CJ, Fenton SE, Schmid JE, Calafat AM , Kuklenyik Z , Bryant XA, Thibodeaux J, Das KP, W hite SS, Lau CS et al. Developmental toxicity o f perfluorooctanoic acid in the CD-1 mouse after cross-foster and restricted gestational exposures. Toxicol Sci 2007; 9 5 :4 6 2 -4 7 3 . Zhu JL O bel C, Hammer Bech B, Olsen J, Basso O . Infertility, infertility treatm ent, and fetal grow th restriction. Obstet Gynecol 2007; 110:1326-1334. Submitted on September 12, 2008; resubmitted on November 7, 2008; accepted on December 18, 2008 WVU :: School of Medicine :: Community Medicine :: C8 t 1%^ 1of2 S iteM ap C8 Home W ha t is C 8 W h a t's New? C 8 Health Project Settlem ent Details Brookmar Project Team Science Panel W V U Project Team C 8 Health Project Results 4 Contact Us O ther Links Department Home SoM Home O OSearch: Department () Health Sciences Center WVU [ C8 Hom e > C 8 Results > Other Clinical Cond. and Diagnoses C8 Health Project Results C8 and Other Clinical Conditions and Diagnoses The W V U w ebsite is a communication vehicle to depict associations or their public use. T h e se tables and graphs show m any comparisons betw een diag reported and / or validated) and corresponding population serum P F O A (C 8) lev ap p ears that th ere is a cle ar relationship b etw een serum C 8 and a clinical di; m ean ing of that relationship still requires thought and discussion. S o m e o f the n w hile real, a re w e a k and not likely to b e important. S everal are strong int potentially im portant, a n d none o f them can be taken to show an etiologic (caus< relationship or its a b se n ce w ithout m ore w ork. W h e n it com es to causes, scienti these prelim inary data with deference to additional work that needs to be done T h e se data concerning associations are for public use. T hey will receivi collaborative work in peer review form at. W e hope they prompt public suggestions of interested scientists. Download Abobe Reader Congenital Malformations, Deformations and Chromosomal Abnormal1 Defects) Diseases of the Blood and Blood-Forming Organs and Certain Disorders In Immune Mechanism Diseases of the Circulatory System Self-Reported Raynaud's Syndrome ( 4 4 K R ) Diseases of the Digestive System Diseases of the Genitourinary System Self-Reported Endometriosis (40 KB) Self-Reported Kidney D isease (Sfl K R ) Self-Reported Uterine Fibroids ( 4 0 K R ) Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System and Connective Tissue S elf-Reported Osteoarthritis (S8 K R ) Diseases of the Respiratory System http://www.hsc.wvu.edu/som/cmed/c8/results/otherConditionsAndDiagnoses/index.asp 2/2/2009 WVU :: School of Medicine :: Community Medicine :: C8 Diseases of the Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Diseases of the Nervous System Self-Reported Parkinson's D isease (35 KB) Endocrine, Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases Self-Reported Thyroid D isease (74 KB) Infectious Diseases Mental and Behavioral Disorders Neoplasms (Cancer) School of Medicine | Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center | P.O. Box 9100 | Morgantown W V 2 6506-9100 W ebm aster | Site Design by W VU W eb Services ' of 2 Last Modified: Ja 2009 West Vir http://www.hsc.wvu.edu/som/cmed/c8/results/otherConditionsAndDiagnoses/index.asp 2/2/2009 Self-Reported Raynaud's Syndrome and C8/PFOA Adults (>=18YO) Only All results reported here are based on information as reported by participants and were not independently verified. The association between self-reported Raynaud's Syndrome and C8/PFOA is unadjusted for any potential confounders or covariates. Caution in interpretation is warranted. Female Quartile Group -- C 8 1 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Raynaud's Syndrome 2 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Raynaud's Syndrome 3 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Seif-Reported Raynaud's Syndrome 4 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Raynaud's Syndrome Total Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 M ale Quartile Group - C 8 1 % within Self-Reported Raynaud's Syndrome Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Raynaud's Syndrome 2 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Raynaud's Syndrome 3 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Raynaud's Syndrome 4 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Raynaud's Syndrome Total Count" % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Raynaud's Syndrome Self-Reported Raynaud's Syndrome No/No Response Yes Total 9119 53 9172 99.4% .6% 100.0% 31.1% 27.9% 31.1% 7289 33 7322 99.5% .5% 100.0% 24.9% 17.4% 24.8% 6680 52 6732 99.2% .8% 100.0% 22.8% 27.4% 22.8% 6190 99.2% 21.1% 52 6242 .8% 100.0% 27.4% 21.2% 29278 190 29468 99.4% .6% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 4839 3 4842 99.9% .1% 100.0% 18.1% 10.0% 18.1% 6853 8 6861 99.9% .1% 100.0% 25.7% 26.7% 25.7% 7121 7 7128 99.9% .1% 100.0% 26.7% 23.3% 26.7% 7864 12 7876 99.8% .2% 100.0% 29.5% 40.0% 29.5% 26677 30 26707 99.9% .1% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 2009 W est Virginia University School of M edicine i Participants with Self-Reported Raynaud's Syndrome within C8/PFOA Population Quartile Group Gender I Female I Male p . 14 12 34 Population Quartile Group - C8 C8/PFOAfor Participants Stratified by Self-Reported Raynaud's Syndrome 300JM- Self-Reported Raynaud's Syndrome I No I Yes ID o> 9 200.00" c i s o0-0*p i o 11. L 5 O 100.00- 50.00- 3E Female Gender T Male 2009 W est Virginia University School of Medicine Self-Reported Endometriosis and C8/PFOA Adult (>=18YO) Women Only NOTE: All results reported here are based on information as reported by participants and were not independently verified. The association between self-reported endometriosis and C8/PFOA is unadjusted for any potential confounders or covariates. Caution in interpretation is warranted. F em a le Quartile Group -- C 8 1 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Endometriosis 2 Count % within Quartile G ro u p - C 8 % within Self-Reported Endometriosis 3 Count % within Quartile G r o u p - C 8 % within Self-Reported Endometriosis 4 Count % within Quartile G ro u p - C 8 % within Self-Reported Endometriosis Total Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Endometriosis Self-Reported Endometriosis No/No Response Yes Total 8113 1059 9172 88.5% 11.5% 100.0% 31.4% 29.3% 31.1% 6415 907 7322 87.6% 12.4% 100.0% 24.8% 25.1% 24.8% 5900 832 6732 87.6% 12.4% 100.0% 22.8% 23.1% 22.8% 5431 811 6242 87.0% 13.0% 100.0% 21.0% 22.5% 21.2% 25859 3609 29468 87.8% 12.2% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 2009 W est Virginia University School of Medicine Number of Participants with Self-Reported Endometriosis tI p. 16 Number of Participants with Self-Reported Endometriosis within C8/PFOA Population Quartile Group 10,000- Self-Reported Endometriosis No Yes 8,000- 23 4 Population Quartile Group - C8 C8/PFOA for Participants Stratified by Self-Reported Endometriosis C8/PF0A (ng-mL; Mean +/ 95% Cl) 2009 W est Virginia University School of Medicine Self-Reported Kidney Disease and C8/PFOA Adults 0 = 1 8YO) Only Al! results reported here are based on information as reported by participants and were not independently verified. The association between self-reported kidney disease and C8/PFOA is unadjusted for any potential confounders or covariates. Caution in interpretation is warranted. Fem ale Quartile Group - C8 M ale Quarti le Group - C8 1 Count ~ --------- % within Quartile Group - C 8 % wilhin Self-Reported Kidney Disease 2 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Kidney Disease 3 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 4 Total % within Self-Reported Kidney Disease Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Kidney Disease Count % within Quartile Group -- C 8 % within Self-Reported Kidney Disease 1 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Kidney Disease 2 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Kidney Disease 3 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Kidney Disease 4 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Kidney Disease Total Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Kidney Disease Self-Reported Kidney Disease No/No Response Yes Total 8131 1041 9172 88.7/ 11.3% 100.0%, 30.9/ 6534 89.2% 33.0% 788 10.8% 31.1% 7322 100.0% 24.8% 25.0% 24.8% 6079 90.3% 653 6732 9.7% 100.0%, 23.1% 20.7% 22.8%, 5567 89.2% 21.2% 26311 89.3% 100.0% 675 10.8% 21.4% 3157 10.7% 100.0%) 6242 100.0%, 21.2% 29468 100.0% 100 0%, 4348 89.8% 494 4842 10.2% 100.0% 17.9% 6240 90.9% 25.8% 19.9% 621 9.1% 25.0% 18.1%, 6861 100.0%, 25.7%, 6465 90.7% 26.7% 663 9.3% 26.7% 7128 100.0% 26.7% 7172 91.1% 704 7876 8.9% 100.0% 29.6% 28.4% 29.5% 24225 90.7% 100.0% 2482 9.3% 100.0% 26707 100.0%, 100.0% Participants with Self-Reported Kidney Disease within C8/PFOA Population Quartile Group Gender H Female M ale % of Participants with Self-Reported Kidney Disease C8/PF0A (ng-mL; Mean +/- 95% Cl) C8/PFOA for Participants Stratified by Self-Reported Kidney Disease 120.00 Seif-Reported Kidney Disease I No I Yes 00.00- BO.OO- 1.00- -- I-- Female Gender --r Male Self-Reported Uterine Fibroids and C8/PFOA Adult (>-18YO) Women Only NOTE: All results reported here are based on information as reported by participants and were not independently verified. The association between self-reported uterine fibroids and C8/PFOA is unadjusted for any potential confounders or covariates. Caution in interpretation is warranted. Self-Reported Uterine Fibriods Female Quartile G roup-- C8 1 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Uterine Fibriods 2 Count % within Quartile Group - C8 % within Self-Reported Uterine Fibriods 3 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Uterine Fibriods 4 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Uterine Fibriods Total Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Uterine Fibriods N o/N o Response Yes Total 7959 86.8% 31.6% 6257 85.5% 24.8% 5757 85.5% 22.8% 5226 83.7% 20.7% 1213 9172 13.2% 100.0% 28.4% 31.1% 1065 7322 14.5% 100.0% 24.9% 24.8% 975 6732 14.5% 100.0% 22.8% 22.8% 1016 6242 16.3% 100.0% 23.8% 21.2% 25199 85.5% 100.0% 4269 14.5% 100.0% 29468 100.0% 100.0% 2009 W est Virginia University School of Medicine Number of Participants with Self-Reported Uterine Fibroids within C8/PF0A Population Quarb'le Group Population Quartile Group - C8 C8/PFOA for Participants with Self-Reported Uterine Fibroids 2009 W est Virginia University School of Medicine Self-Reported Osteoarthritis and C8/PFOA Adults (>=18YO) Only NOTE: All results reported here are based on information as reported by participants and were not independently verified. The association between self-reported osteoarthritis and C8/PFOA is unadjusted for any potential confounders or covariates. Caution in interpretation is warranted. Female Quarti le Group - C8 M ale Quartile G ro u p - C8 1 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Osteoarthritis 2 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Osteoarthritis 3 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Osteoarthritis 4 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Osteoarthritis Total Count % within Quartile Group -- C 8 % within Self-Reported Osteoarthritis 1 Count % within Quartile Group -- C 8 % within Self-Reported Osteoarthritis 2 Count % within Quartile Group -- C 8 % within Self-Reported Osteoarthritis 3 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Osteoarthritis 4 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Osteoarthritis Total Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Osteoarthritis Self-Reported Osteoarthritis No/No Response Yes Total 8502 670 9172 92.7% 32.2% 6625 90.5% 7.3% 21.8% 697 9.5% 100.0% 31.1% 7322 100.0% 25.1% 22.7% 24.8% 5978 88.8% 22.6% 754 11.2 % 24.5% 6732 100.0% 22.8% 5289 84.7% 20.0% 953 15.3% 31.0% 6242 100.0% 212% 26394 89.6% 100.0% 4618 95.4% 3074 10.4% 100.0% 224 4.6% 29468 100.0% 100.0% 4842 100.0% 18.2% 16.8% 18.1% 6580 95.9% 25.9% 281 4.1% 21.1% 6861 100.0% 25.7% 6766 94.9% 26.7% 362 5.1% 272% 7128 100.0% 26.7% 7413 94.1% 463 7876 5.9% 100.0% 29.2% 25377 95.0% 100.0% 34.8% 1330 5.0% 100.0% 29.5% 26707 100.0% 100.0% 2009 W est Virginia University School of Medicine % 0f Participants with Self-Reported Osteoarthritis Participants with Self-Reported Osteoarthritis within C8/PFOA Population Quartile Group Gender I Female M ale 12 34 Population Quartile Group - C8 C8/PFOAfor Participants Stratified by Self-Reported Osteoarthritis S e lf-R e p o rte d Osteoarthritis I No X Yes C8/PF0A (ng-mL; Mean +/ 96% Cl) Gender 2009 W est Virginia University School of Medicine Self-Reported Parkinson's and C8/PFOA Adults (>-18YO) Only NOTE: All results reported here are based on information as reported by participants and were not independently verified. The association between self-reported Parkinson's and C8/PFOA is unadjusted for any potential confounders or covariates. Caution in interpretation is warranted. Female M ale Quartile Group -- C 8 Quartile Group - C8 1 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Parkinson's Disease 2 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Parkinson's Disease 3 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Parkinson's Disease 4 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Parkinson's Disease Total Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Parkinson's Disease 1 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Parkinson's Disease 2 Count % within Quartile G r o u p - C 8 % within Self-Reported Parkinson's Disease 3 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Parkinson's Disease 4 Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Parkinson's Disease Total Count % within Quartile Group - C 8 % within Self-Reported Parkinson's Disease Self-Reported Parkinson's Disease No/No Response Yes Total 9164 99.9% 31.1% 7313 99.9% 24.9% 8 9172 .1% 100.0% 17.8% 31.1% 9 7322 .1% 100.0% 20.0% 24.8% 6716 99.8% 22.8% 6230 99.8% 21.2% 29423 99.8% 100.0% 4836 16 .2% 35.6% 12 .2% 26.7% 45 .2% 100.0% 6 6732 100.0% 22.8% 6242 100.0% 21.2% 29468 100.0% 100.0% 4842 99.9% 18.1% 6849 99.8% 25.7% 7113 99.8% 26.7% 7858 99.8% 29.5% .1% 100.0% 11.8% 18.1% 12 6861 .2% 100.0% 23.5% 25.7% 15 7128 .2% 100.0% 29.4% 26.7% 18 7876 .2% 100.0% 35.3% 29.5% 26656 99.8% 100.0% 51 .2% 100.0% 26707 100.0% 100.0% 2009 W est Virginia University School of Medicine !I Participants with Self-Reported Parkinson's Disease within C8/PF0A Population Quartile Group p. 24 Population Quartile Group - C8 C8/PFOA for Participants Stratified by Self-Reported Parkinson's Disease Seli-Reported Parkinson's Disease I No I Yes 2009 W est Virginia University School of Medicine Self-Reported Thyroid Disease and C8/PFOA Adults {>=18YO) Only NOTE: All results reported here are based on information as reported by participants and were not independently verified. The association between self-reported thyroid disease and C8/PFO A is unadjusted for any potential confounders or covariates. Caution in interpretation is warranted. Fem ale Quartile Group -- C 8 M a le Quartile Group -- C 8 1 Count % within Quartile Group - C8 % within Self-Reported Thyroid D isease 2 Count % within Quartile Group - C8 % within Self-Reported Thyroid D isease 3 Count % within Quartile Group - C8 % within Self-R eported Thyroid D isease 4 Count % within Quartile Group - C8 % within Self-Reported Thyroid Disease Total Count % within Quartile Group - C8 % within Self-Reported Thyroid Disease 1 Count % within Quartile Group -- C8 % within Self-Reported Thyroid D isease 2 Count % within Quartile Group - C8 % within Self-Reported Thyroid D isease 3 Count % within Quartile Group - C8 % within Self-Reported Thyroid D isease 4 Count % within Quartile Group - C8 % within Self-Reported Thyroid D isease Total Count % within Quartile Group - C8 Selt-Keported thyroid Disease No/No Response Yes total 8211 89.5% 31.7% 6510 88.9% 25.1% 5877 87.3% 22.7% 5298 84.9% 20.5% 25896 87.9% 100.0% 4694 96.9% 18.1% 6675 97.3% 25.7% 6942 97.4% 26.8% 7614 96.7% 29.4% 25925 97.1% 100.0% 961 10.5% 26.9% 812 11.1% 22.7% 855 12.7% 23.9% 944 15.1% 26.4% 3572 12.1% 100.0% 148 3.1% 18.9% 186 2.7% 23.8% 186 2.6% 23.8% 262 3.3% 33.5% 782 2.9% 100.0% 9172 100.0% 31.1% 7322 100.0% 24.8% 6732 100.0% 22.8% 6242 100.0% 21.2% 29468 100.0% 100.0% 4842 100.0% 18.1% 6861 100.0% 25.7% 7128 100.0% 26.7% 7876 100.0% 29.5% 26707 100.0% 100.0% Female Quartile Group - C8 Male Quartile Group - C8 1 Count % within Quartile Group - C8 % within Type Of Self-Reported Thyroid Condition 2 Count % within Quartile Group - C8 % within Type Of Self-Reported Thyroid Condition 3 Count % within Quartile Group - C8 % within Type Of Self-Reported Thyroid Condition 4 Count % within Quartile Group - C8 % within Type Of Self-Reported Thyroid Condition Total Count % within Quartile Group - C8 % within Type Of Sei-Reported Thyroid Condition Count ~ " % within Quartile Group - CS % within Type Of Self-Reported Thyroid Condition 2 Count % within Quartile Group - C8 % within Type Of Self-Reported Thyroid Condition 3 Count % within Quartile Group - C8 % within Type Of Sel-Reported Thyroid Condition 4 Count % within Quartile Group - CS % within Type Of Sel-Reported Thyroid CondBon Total Count % within Quartile Group - C8 % within Type Of Sel-Reported Thyroid CondBon Goiter 135 14.0% 23.9% 136 16.7% 24.0% 144 16.8% 25.4% 151 16.0% 26.7% 566 15.8% 100.0% 11 7.4% 20.4% 17 9.1% 31.5% 13 7.0% 24.1% 13 5.0% 24.1% 6.9% 100.0%| Type Of Self-Reported Thyroid Condition Grave's disease Ofier Total 5S 6.t% 27.4% 45 5.5% 20.9% 48 5.6% 22.3% 63 6.7% 29.3% 215 6.0% 100.0% 8 5.4% 21.6% 5 2.7% 13.5% 53 714 961 5.5% 74.3% 100.0% 29.1% 27.4% 26.9% 51 580 812 6.3% 71.4% 100.0% 28.0% 222% 22.7% 30 633 855 3.5% 740% 100.0% 16.5% 243% 23.9% 48 682 944 5.1% 722% 1004)% 26.4% 261% 26.4% 182 2609 3572 5.1% 73.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100l0% 100 0% 3 126 148 2.0% 861% 100.0% 12.0% 10 5.4% 18.9% 18 9% 154 186 828% 100.0% 40.0% 23.1% 23.8% 4.3% 21.6% 16 6.1% 43.2% 37 4.7% 100.0% 2.2% 86.6% 100.0% 16.0% 24.2% 23.8% 8 225 262 3.1% 85.9% 100.0% 32.0% 33.8% 33.5% 25 666 782 3.2% 85.2% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 2009 West Virginia University School of Medicine % of Participants with Saif-Reported Thyroid Disease Participants with Self-Reported Thyriod Disease within C8/PFOA Population Quartile Group Gender Female M ale 12 34 Population Quartile Group ~ C8 C8/PFOA for Participants Stratified Self-Reported Thyroid Disease Self Reported Thyroid Disease I No I Yes C8/PF0A (ng-mL; Mean +/- 95% Cl) 2009 W est Virginia University School of Medicine C8/PF0A for Participants Stratified by Type of Self-Reported Thyroid Disease Type O f Self Reported Thyroid Condition I Goiter I Grave's disease ^ Hashimoto's I Other Ce/PFOA (ng-mL; Maan +/-95% Cl) School of 2009 West Virginia University Medicine WVU "-School o f Medicine :: Community Medicine :: C8 P a ^ ^ o f 12 X V c s rV ii jn i; il ; n i\ v i> lr v ; Z Site Index C .unpus IWxp * WVU Di r ect or , Cont act Site M ap C8 Home what is C 8 W h a t's New? C8 Health Project Settlem ent Details Brookmar Project Team Science Panel W V U Project Team C 8 Health P roject Results Contact Us Other Links Department Home SoM Home ............... .. . ....................... O OSearch: Department Health Sciences Center WVU Q C 8 Hom e > C 8 Results > Other Clinical Lab Values C8 Health Project Results C 8 and Other Laboratory Values Print T h e W V U w eb site Is a com m unication vehicle to depict associations or their public use. T h e s e tab les and graphs show m a n y com parisons b etw een lal corresponding population serum P F O A (C 8) levels. W h e n it ap p ears that th er relationship betw een serum C 8 and a clinical laboratory value, the m ear relationship still requires thought an d discussion. S o m e of the relationships, w f w ea k and not likely to be important. Several are strong, interesting and potential an d none o f them can be taken to show an etiologic (cause and effect) relatic a b se n ce w ithout m ore w ork. W h e n it com es to causes, scientists interpret these data with deference to additional work that needs to be done. T h ese data concerning associations are for public use. They will receivi collaborative w ork in p eer review format. W e hope they prompt public o suggestions of interested scientists. T h e results su m m arized on this p ag e include differences in C 8 values based on abnorm al clinical laboratory results (normal / abnormal laboratory cutoff values ; referenced on ea ch graph), and for differences on clinical laboratory values b- d eciles. T h e files b elow present the sum m aries for C 8 deciles in a graphical foi results in tab u lar form at, please click h ere. For a sum m ary o f C 8 decile cutoffs, here). Download Abobe Reader Other Laboratory Values ABCDEFG HIJKLM NO PQ RSIJJVW XYZ Alpha-Fetoprotein Tumor Marker (Serum) Description of A F P (39 KB) Serum C 8 By A F P for Participants 1-2 Years of Ane (24 KB) Serum C 8 By A F P for Participants >= 3 Years of Age (2 4 KB) C 8 Population Deciles & Alpha-Fetoprotein Tum or M arker (35 KB) Albumin (Serum) Description of Albumin (37 KB) S erum C 8 By Album in fS eru m ) Levels In Participants < 1 8 Y ea rs O f A o e 12. S e ru m C 8 By Album in (S eru m ) Levels In Participants > = 1 8 Y e a rs O f A a e (: C 8 Population Deciles & Albumin (37 KB) Alkaline Phosphatase (Serum) Description o f Alkaline Phosphatase (40 KR) S eru m C 8 By A lkaline Phosph atase Levels in Participants 1-3 Y e a rs of Aa< S erum C 8 By Alkaline Phosphatase Levels in Participants 4 -6 Y ears o f Am S erum C 8 By Alkaline Phosphatase Levels in Participants 7 -9 Y ears of Ant http://www.hsc.wvu.edu/som/cmed/c8/results/otherLaboratoryValues/index.asp 2/2/2009 Girls (Female, <18Y0) Girls (Female, <18Y0) Page 2 p. 29 2009 West Virginia University School of Medicine Girls (Female, < 18Y0 ) Page 3 Girls (Female, <18Y0) Population Decile Group - C8 (PFOA) 1 Median Std. Deviation 2 Mean Median Std. Deviation 3 Mean Median Std. Deviation 4 Mean Median Std. Deviation 5 Mean Median Std. Deviation 6 Mean Median 7 8 9 10 Total Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Chloride, Serum ( Cholesterol, Total ( CEA ( ng-mL) mmol-L) mg-dl) 0.55 0.25 0.51 0.55 0.25 0.47 0.58 0.25 0.50 0.55 0.25 0.41 0.55 0.25 0.45 0.58 0.25 0.49 0.59 0.25 0.55 0.57 0.25 0.47 0.62 0.25 0.65 0.61 0.25 0.56 0.57 0.25 0.51 104.07 104.00 1.89 103.94 104.00 1.95 103.84 104.00 1.95 103.87 104.00 1.85 103.64 104.00 1.93 103.58 103.00 1.98 103.53 104.00 1.91 103.46 103.50 1.90 103.60 103.00 1.94 103.20 103.00 1.97 103.69 104.00 1.94 159.39 156.50 29.53 163.12 160.00 28.67 161.81 159.00 28.13 163.93 161.00 29.77 163.14 160.00 28.97 163.95 161.00 31.61 165.43 161.50 31.08 161.99 160.00 28.54 163.53 160.00 27.61 167.17 166.00 29.34 163.23 160.00 29.42 9.96 8.20 5.85 10.35 8.60 6.34 9.63 8.30 5.47 9.40 8.00 5.39 9.59 8.20 5.88 8.81 7.60 5.25 9.03 7.60 6.11 8.61 7.40 4.86 8.52 7.20 5.16 8.94 7,40 5.19 9.33 7.90 5.63 C-Reactive Protein, Quant ( mg-L) 1.69 0.50 4.80 1.46 0.50 2.60 1.65 0.60 3.49 1.63 0.40 5.52 1.58 0.40 7.10 1.90 0.50 6.26 1.56 0.40 4.82 1.50 0.40 3.79 1.46 0.40 4.15 1.41 0.40 4.35 1.59 0.50 4.83 Creatinine, Serum ( mg-dL) 0.67 0.70 0.15 0.67 0.70 0.14 0.65 0.60 0.14 0.65 0.70 0.14 0.64 0.60 0.15 0.65 0.60 0.15 0.65 0.60 0.15 0.63 0.60 0.15 0.63 0.60 0.16 0.64 0.60 0.15 0.65 0.60 0.15 Eos ( %) 2.33 2.00 2.14 2.42 2.00 2.23 2.53 2.00 3.58 2.46 2.00 2.50 2.43 2.00 2.07 2.46 2.00 2.43 2.44 2.00 2.34 2.33 2.00 1.98 2.57 2.00 2.84 2.49 2.00 2.24 2.44 2.00 2.48 Eos (Absolute) ( x10e3-uL) 0.18 0.10 0.17 0.18 0.10 0 17 0.20 0.10 0.38 0.19 0.10 0 20 0.18 0.10 0.15 0.19 0.10 0 19 0.19 0.10 0.19 0.18 0.10 0.17 0.20 0.10 0.28 0.19 0 10 0 18 0.19 0.10 0.22 2009 West Virginia University School of Medicine p. 30 Girls (Female, <18Y0) Girls (Female, <18Y 0) Page 4 p. 31 2009 West Virginia University School of Medicine Girls (Female, <18Y0) Page 5 Girls (Female, <18Y 0) Population Decile Group - C8 (PFOA) Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Hematocrit ( %) 39.44 39.40 2.56 39.51 39.50 2.51 39.51 39.40 2.54 39.61 39.60 2.61 39.79 39.70 2.56 39.40 39.30 2.57 39.52 39.50 2.76 39.34 39.30 2 .i 39.47 39.40 2,48 39.71 39.70 2.42 39.52 39.50 2.57 Hemoglobin ( g-dL) 13.39 13.40 0.86 13.45 13.40 0.82 13.45 13.40 0.85 13.48 13.50 0.86 13.51 13.50 0.85 13.37 13.40 0.84 13.43 13.40 0.90 13.36 13.40 0.90 13.43 13.40 0.82 13.51 13.50 0.79 13.44 13.40 0.85 Immunoglobulin A, Qn, Serum ( mg-dl) 150.51 142.00 70.98 144.17 134.00 69.23 152.67 144.00 70.00 141.35 131.00 70.57 139.02 132.00 71,62 139.76 130.00 65.01 137.60 128.00 67.10 130.24 118.00 68.65 132.21 125.00 67,24 132.46 124.00 65.59 140.58 131.00 68.99 Immunoglobulin E, Total ( lU-mL) 92.80 17.00 411.57 91.38 18.00 262.68 130.18 20.00 606.50 93.52 16.00 360.84 87.74 18.00 234,13 97.65 17.00 445.35 109.71 19.00 454,36 74.17 16.00 184.85 122.69 18.00 617,77 91.23 16.00 231.98 99.32 17.00 410.24 Immunoglobulin G, Qn, Serum ( mg-dL) 1047.55 1035.00 227.28 11001325..0605 238.17 1064.68 1055.00 227.86 1038.90 1023.50 237.94 1007.31 1005.00 215.10 1026.48 1007.00 227.99 1006.03 999.00 229.69 996.13 976.00 214.67 998.59 992.00 240.98 1001.52 987.00 237,23 11001203..0904 230.81 Immunoglobulin M, Insulin, Fasting ( Qn, Serum ( mg-dL) ulU-mL) 126.98 118.50 55.67 112310..5090 22.20 13.70 29.86 19.89 12.30 58.20 127.56 119.50 24.32 20.76 12.40 56.70 128.03 115.50 62.64 134.20 31.56 20.65 10.90 33,02 19.29 126.00 66.81 10.90 29.09 134.95 124.50 1129..0080 61.29 129.68 124.00 58.26 124.73 116.00 55.96 27.90 19.23 11.40 25.26 18.15 11.85 20.41 127.57 116.00 59.48 126.33 116.00 58.97 17.16 11.60 19.92 19.96 12.30 28.07 112209..0220 19.70 12.00 59.43 27.33 2009 West Virginia University School of Medicine p. 3 2 Girls (Female, <18 YO) Page 6 Girls (Female, <18Y0) Population Decile Group - C8 (PFOA) 1 Mean Median Std. Deviation 2 Mean Median Std. Deviation 3 Mean Median Std. Deviation 4 Mean Median Std. Deviation 5 Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation I0 Mean Median Std. Deviation ftal Mean Median Std. Deviation Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ng-mL) 338.49 337.00 145.68 322.62 310.00 139.22 301.68 279.00 141.31 317.05 308.00 141.43 304.51 285.00 146.99 291.09 281.00 134.66 302.31 295.00 142.89 282.54 264.00 140,40 296.63 269.00 148,86 281.67 266.00 135.61 305.17 292.00 Iron, Serum ( ugdL) 84.00 79.00 36.84 84.76 82.00 35.21 81.29 79.50 31.96 84.52 81.00 34.74 84.88 80.00 37.80 78.56 76.00 34,08 82.49 77.50 35,11 80.88 77.00 33.75 84.41 81.00 36.53 81.22 81.00 33.80 82.72 79.00 LDL Cholesterol LDH ( IU-L) Calculated) 194.11 86.13 185.00 84.00 49.16 25.30 198.17 89.01 190.00 87.00 48.91 24,26 202.36 89.09 197.00 50,86 87.00 24.01 201.40 90.21 198.00 88.00 48,50 25.25 204.33 89.38 197.50 58.40 204.63 87.00 25.92 89.45 199.00 49.30 87.00 25.32 205.83 90.91 202.50 46.43 89.00 26.95 211.30 86.92 212.00 49.08 85.00 25.99 206.58 205.00 46.74 207.77 90.18 87.00 25.04 91.26 210.00 47.24 90.00 24.88 203.25 89.19 199.00 87.00 Lymphs (Absolute) ( Lymphs ( %) ____ x10e3-uL) 34.66 2.47 34.00 2.40 9.56 0.77 34.45 2.47 34.00 2.40 8.60 0.74 33.98 2.48 34.00 2.40 8.95 0.77 34.65 2.51 34.00 2.40 9.11 0.76 35.17 2.58 34.00 2.50 9.19 0.81 34.62 2.59 34.00 9.30 2.50 0.77 35.27 2.60 35.00 8.76 35.52 2.50 0.76 2.63 35.00 2.50 9.11 0.82 35.42 35.00 9.49 2.58 2.50 0.83 35.53 2.66 35.00 9.40 2.60 0.87 34.88 2.55 34.00 2.40 Magnesium, Serum ( mg-dL) 2.01 2.00 0,14 2.03 2.00 0.14 2.04 2.00 0.15 2.04 2.00 0.14 2.04 2.00 0.14 2.04 2.00 0.14 2.05 2.00 0.14 2.08 2.10 0.15 2.07 2.10 0.15 2.08 2.10 0,14 2.05 2.00 MCH ( pg) 29.61 29.70 1.65 29.69 29.70 1.51 29.53 29.60 1.58 29.57 29.60 1.53 29.42 29.50 1.68 29.34 29.40 1.58 29.48 29.50 1.54 29.32 29.40 1.58 29.40 29.40 1.48 29.41 29.40 1,46 29.49 29.50 MCHC ( g-dL) 33.96 34.00 0.62 34.06 34.10 0.60 34.04 34.10 0.64 34.04 34.10 0.58 33.98 34.00 0.67 33.95 34.00 0.63 33.99 34.00 0.60 33.96 34.00 0.62 34.02 34.00 0.58 34.02 34.00 0.58 34.00 34.00 2009 West Virginia University School of Medicine p. 33 Boys (Male, <18Y0) Page 8 Boys (Male, <18Y0) Tabular (Numeric) Summary for Clinical Lab Values within Population C8/PF0A Deciles, Stratified by Age & Gender Population Decile Group - C8 (PFOA) Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation A-G Ratio (Final Recoded Value) 1.89 1.70 3.62 1.71 1.70 0.23 1.68 1.70 0.23 1.72 1.70 0.23 1.71 1.70 0.23 1.70 1.70 0.24 1.71 1.70 0.22 1.72 1.70 0.23 1.71 1.70 0.23 1.72 1.70 0.23 1.72 1.70 0.95 AFP Tumor Marker, Serum ( Albumin, Serum ( g- ng-ml) dL) 2.06 4.59 2.00 4.60 0.96 0.29 2.06 4.62 2.00 4.60 1.12 0.26 2.08 4.62 2.00 4.60 1.29 0.25 2.14 4.66 2.00 4.70 1.25 0.25 2.09 4.63 2.00 4.60 1.23 0.25 2.06 4.63 2.00 4.60 1.00 0.25 2.05 4.67 2.00 4.70 0.91 0.24 2.14 2.00 4.66 4.70 2.22 0.25 2.11 4.66 2.00 4.70 0.91 0.24 2.14 4.68 2.00 4.70 1.21 0.25 2.09 2.00 4.64 4.60 1.29 0.25 Alkaline Phosphatase, Serum ( IU-L) Antinuclear Antibodies Direct ( UALT (SGPT) ( IU-L) ml) AST (SGOT) ( IU-L) 247.07 247.00 20.27 17.00 25.17 22.00 26.76 26.00 84.46 13.05 12.76 8.38 245.82 241.00 20.79 18.00 27.98 23.00; 26.87 25.00 120.76 17.43 40.84 12.86 241.96 233.00 19.66 17.00 28.52 23.00 26.25 25.00 121.39 10.50 25.44 8.64 235.14 227.00 20.70 17.00 26.39 23.00 27.57 27.00 104.31 13.41 16.48 11.97 243.59 239.00 19.81 17.00 29.14 25.00 26.37 25.00 99.32 11.21 29.75 7.04 239.76 237.00 20.13 17.00 31.24 24.00 26.31 25.00 93.03 11.52 58.96 7.32 250.03 244.00 19.59 17.00 29.84 25.00 26.89 26.00 142.46 10.40 28.25 7.27 246.07 242.50 19.47 17.00 28.91 26.00 26.95 26.00 93.88 10.42 15.23 7.73 246.18 238.50 19.44 17.00 27.50 24.00 26.89 26.00 94.08 10.47 21.65 6.78 244.01 241.00 20.01 17.00 28.00 24.00 27.10 26.00 90.63 11.22 15.70 7.24 244.04 239.00 19.98 17.00 28.45 24.00 26.79 26.00 106.91 12.16 30.71 8.78 Baso (Absolute) ( x10e3-uL) 0.02 0.00 0.04 0.02 0.00 0.04 0.02 0.00 0.04 0.02 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.05 0.03 0.00 0.05 0.03 0.00 0.05 0.03 0.00 0.05 0.03 0.00 0.05 0.03 0.00 0.05 Basos(% ) 0.22 0.00 0.41 0.27 0.00 0.44 0.27 0.00 0.44 0.26 0.00 0.44 0.30 0.00 0.46 0.36 0.00 0.49 0.34 0.00 0.49 0.34 0.00 0.48 0.36 0.00 0.49 0.32 0.00 0.48 0.31 0.00 0.47 Bilirubin, Direct ( mg-dL) 0.11 0.10 0.06 0.12 0.10 0.06 0.11 0.10 0.06 0.11 0.09 0.06 0.11 0.09 0.06 0.11 0.09 0.06 0.11 0.09 0.06 0.11 0.09 0.06 0.11 0.09 0.06 0.10 0.09 0.06 0.11 0.09 0.06 2009 West Virginia University School o f Medicine p. 34 Boys (Male, <18Y0) Page 9 Boys (Male, <18YO) Population Decile Group - C8 (PFOA) * J 4 0 " 7 0 Total Median Std, Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Bilirubin, Total ( mg-dL) 0.40 0.30 BUN ( mg-dL) 13.01 13.00 0.26 3.26 0.43 13.12 0.30 13.00 0.32 3.45 0.41 13.39 0.30 13.00 0.29 4.46 0.41 13.36 0.30 13.00 0.31 3.41 0.41 13.35 0.30 13.00 0.31 3.46 0.39 13.40 0.30 13.00 0.28 3.33 0.40 13.56 0.30 13.00 0.30 3.42 0.41 13.39 0.30 13.00 0.32 3.48 0.39 13.32 0.30 13.00 0.26 3.30 0.39 13.39 0.30 13.00 0.31 3.47 0.41 13.34 0.30 13.00 0.30 3.53 Ratio (Final 20.26 19.00 8.46 19.63 18.00 7.75 20.04 19.00 7.46 20.72 19.00 8.32 20.73 19.50 8.33 20.60 19.00 8.05 21.16 20.00 8.83 21.10 20.00 8.63 21.09 20.00 8.47 21.05 19.00 8.79 20.65 19.00 8.33 Calcium, Serum ( mg-dL) 10.05 10.10 0.34 10.05 10.00 0.34 10.06 10.10 0.33 10.08 10.10 0.33 10.07 10.10 0.34 10.07 10.10 0.33 10.08 10.10 0.33 10.08 10.10 0.34 10.10 10.10 0.32 10.11 10.10 0.34 10.08 10.10 0.33 Cancer Antigen (CA-125) ( U-mL) CEA ( ng-mL) 13.62 12.75 0.67 0.50 6.25 0.54 13.75 12.35 0.70 0.50 6.16 0.59 13.57 12.30 0.71 0.50 6.63 0.62 13.89 12.70 0.71 0.50 6.19 0.63 13.86 12.50 0.74 0.50 7.04 0.67 14.46 13.10 0.73 0.60 7.35 0.68 14.47 13.40 0.70 0.50 6.79 0.59 13.99 13.10 0.70 0.50 6.02 0.60 13.81 12.60 0.70 0.50 6.23 0.66 14.24 13.20 0.67 0.50 6.24 0.59 13.99 12.80 0.70 0.50 6.51 0.62 Chloride, Serum ( Cholesterol, Total ( mg-dL) 103.38 103.00 153.53 152.00 2.01 30.42 103.34 103.00 156.25 154.00 2.00 28.34 103.02 103.00 157.12 154.00 1.94 29.09 103.14 103.00 157.85 157.00 1.96 28.74 102.99 103.00 156.78 154.00 2.02 27.86 103.08 103.00 159.02 156.00 1.93 29.69 102.96 103.00 160.08 158.00 1.91 26.16 102.91 103.00 160.24 157.00 1.84 28.27 102.90 103.00 159.60 156.50 1.83 29.79 102.84 103.00 160.27 159.00 2.03 30.06 103.04 103.00 158.30 156.00 1.95 29.04 02009 W u t Virginia University School of Medicino -Reactive Protein, Quant ( 9.75 9.00 4.33 10.43 9.45 4.78 9.76 8.90 4.72 9.86 9.20 4.92 9.12 8.40 4.47 9.06 8.40 4.35 9.03 8.00 4.66 9.13 8,20 4.71 9.18 8.30 4.63 8.82 8.00 4.55 9.40 8.50 4.65 1.62 0.40 4.18 1.38 0.50 3.88 2.06 0.50 8.51 1.20 0.40 2.98 1.50 0.40 4.25 1.43 0.40 3.54 1.15 0.40 4.18 1.32 0.40 6.64 1.31 0.40 3.55 1.52 0.40 4.85 1.44 0.40 4.97 p. 35 Boys (Mals, <18Y0) Boys (Male, <18YO) Page 10 p. 36 02009 We* Virginia University School of Medicine Boys (Male, <18Y0) Page 11 Boys (Male, <18YO). Population Decile Group - C8 (PFOA) 4 J 4 3 8 ' 8 10 Total Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation HD l Cholesterol ( mg-dU) 46.64 45.00 11.21 47.95 47.00 11.72 47.99 46.00 11.82 47.81 47.00 10.93 47.83 47.00 10.91 47.80 47.00 11.11 48.46 47.00 11.81 47.82 47.00 11.00 48.63 48.00 11.15 48.03 47.00 10.80 47.94 47.00 11.27 Hematocrit ( %) 41.31 40.90 4.03 41.59 41.30 3.66 41.56 41.20 3.81 41.41 41.10 3.89 41.36 40.80 4.03 41.59 41.10 3.90 41.27 40.90 3.77 41.36 40.90 3.76 41.38 41.00 3.68 41.43 41.00 3.69 41.43 41.00 3.81 Immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin G, Hemoglobin ( g- Qn, Serum ( mg- immuncglobulin E, Qn, Serum ( mg- dL) dL) Total ( lU-mL) <1L) 14.08 14.00 146.85 135.00 95.91 22.00 984.05 987.00 1.33 76.95 216.29 225.97 14.19 14.10 145.77 136.00 110.45 29.00 1009.00 992.00 1.20 70.20 252.44 224.70 14.18 14.10 152.46 140.00 121.66 28.00 1023.22 1024.00 1.26 71.94 270.40 211.05 14.12 14.00 139.04 130.00 105.02 24.00 978.64 966.00 1.26 68.05 366.52 214.49 14.09 13.90 138.74 126.00 154.93 29.50 970.77 956.50 1.33 69.51 560.71 221.08 14.16 14.00 140.44 129.00 140.43 28.00 988.82 977.50 1.29 71.72 304.29 225.14 14.06 13.90 136.24 127.00 148.13 26.00 974.63 955.00 1.25 66.10 589.17 225.79 14.08 13.90 133.56 125.50 121.16 28.00 973.48 965.00 1.24 61.91 249.54 223.89 14.08 13.90 135.67 127.00 125.82 26.00 974.31 949.00 1.22 68.70 281.14 223.71 14.13 14.00 137.82 131.00 125.05 27.00 981.68 974.00 1.21 66.13 261.12 216.57 14.12 14.00 140.40 131.00 125.92 27.00 986.23 975.00 1.25 68.99 359.11 221.78 immunoglobulin M, Qn, Serum ( mg-dL) 92.30 83.00 47.65 92.88 88.00 42.96 96.65 89.00 44.44 94.63 86.00 48.33 93.26 85.00 45.10 95.48 86.00 46.37 96.28 88.00 47.26 96.76 89.00 46.35 95.33 88.00 44.93 98.84 89.00 48.07 95.41 87.00 46.11 Insulin, Fasting ( ulU-mL) Insulin-Uke Growth Factor I ( 20.00 12.40 281.52 274.00 31.24 134.19 21.44 13.00 284.54 263.00 34.52 138.34 19.21 11.00 264.74 243.00 26.40 129.15 19.07 11.40 258.63 244.00 36.53 138.16 17.90 10.75 265.53 257.00 24.25 133.83 20.09 11.70 265.91 254.00 36.30 137.62 17.83 10.40 252.00 230.00 24.25 133.92 18.51 12.20 249.59 231.50 23.28 125.77 18.69 10.50 251.26 223.50 31.20 132.97 17.06 11.15 247.58 231.50 20.91 125.17 18.97 11.40 261.49 244.00 29.23 133.29 2009 West Virginia University School o f Madlcina p. 37 Boys (Male, <18Y0) Page 12 Boys (Male, <18YO) Population Decile Group - C8 (PFOA) 1 Mean Median Std. Deviation * Mean Median Std. Deviation J Mean Median Std. Deviation ** Mean Median Std. Deviation 5 Mean Median Std. Deviation 0 Mean Median Std. Deviation 1 Mean Median Std. Deviation > Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation iv Mean Median Std. Deviation Median Std. Deviation Iron, Serum ( ug<JL) LDH ( IU-L) 85.98 82.0C 214.38 214.00 37.97 48.65 90.04 87.00 213.08 212.00 3S.19 47.88 86.92 84.00 211.85 214.00 33.31 47.20 87.16 82.00 217.14 219.00 33.44 48.08 86.30 82.50 212.68 212.00 37.16 45.26 84.90 82.00 214.62 214.00 33.79 44.52 84.36 81.00 217.68 218.50 33.25 46.11 85.61 82.00 216.97 216.50 32.68 42.86 86,54 83.00 219.78 219.00 34,76 43.12 84.39 81.00 219.77 220.00 34.31 43,86 86.21 83.00 215.86 216.00 34.46 45.69 LDL Cholesterol ( 81.95 79.00 Lymphs (Absolute) ( Lymphs ( %) x10e3-uL) 36.01 36.00 2.48 2.30 26.18 9.10 0.88 84.18 83.00 35.08 35,00 2.36 2.30 24.65 8.44 0.69 84.41 82.50 34.67 34.00 2.44 2.30 24.43 8.43 0.72 86.19 85.00 35.25 36.00 2.50 2.40 25.78 8.90 0.75 84.95 84.00 35.31 35.00 2.47 2.30 23.97 8.80 0.72 86.55 84.00 35.36 35.00 2.50 2.40 25.69 8.77 0.74 86.13 85.00 36.06 36.00 2.55 2.50 23.82 8.37 0.76 86.59 85.00 35.75 35.00 2.52 2.40 23.57 8.48 0.77 86.47 83.00 35.35 35.00 2.50 2.40 26.33 9.04 0.75 86.27 85.00 36.21 35.00 2.58 2.50 25.04 9.14 0.76 85.50 84.00 35.50 35.00 2.49 2.40 24.89 8.73 0.75 Magnesium, Serum ( mg-dL) 2.05 2.00 MCH ( pg) 29.24 29.20 MCHC ( g-dL) 34.09 34.10 MCV ( ft.) 85.83 86.00 Monocytes(Absolute) Monocytes ( %) ( x10e3-uL) 7.16 0.49 7.00 0.50 0.14 1.58 0.62 4.39 2.17 0.17 2.05 29.41 2.10 29.50 34.14 34.10 86.16 86.00 7.28 7.00 0.49 0.50 0.14 1.45 0.57 4.11 2.12 0.17 2.06 29.40 2.10 29.40 34.14 34.20 86.14 86.00 7.13 7.00 0.50 0.50 0.14 1.46 0.60 4.05 2.14 0.18 2.06 29.36 2.10 29.40 34.13 34.10 86.07 86.00 6.92 7.00 0.49 0.50 0.14 1.44 0.63 4.03 2.02 0.16 2.07 29.19 2.10 29.30 34.08 34.10 85.71 86.00 7.14 7.00 0.50 0.50 0.13 1.57 0.59 4.25 1.91 0.16 2.08 29.29 2.10 29.30 34.05 34.00 86.08 86.00 7.32 7.00 0.52 0.50 0.13 1.36 0.60 3.77 2.22 0.18 2.09 29.23 2.10 29.20 34.07 34.00 85.86 86.00 7.16 7.00 0.51 0.50 0.14 1.45 0.59 4.05 1.98 0.18 2.08 29.19 2.10 29.10 34.06 34.10 85.74 86.00 7.12 7.00 0.50 0.50 0.13 1.49 0.57 4.20 2.06 0.17 2.09 29.11 2.10 29.20 34.05 34.00 85.53 86.00 7.19 7.00 0.51 0.50 0.14 1.52 0.59 4.15 1.99 0.17 2.10 29.21 2.10 29.20 34.12 34.10 85.61 85.00 7.10 7.00 0.51 0.50 0.13 1.43 0.58 3.83 2.09 0.18 2.08 29.26 2.10 29.30 34.09 34.10 85.88 86.00 7.16 7.00 0.50 0.50 0.14 1.47 0.59 4.07 2.07 0.17 02009 West Virginia Unlvaralty School o f Medicina p. 38 Soys (Mals, <18YQ) Page 13 Boys (Male, <18YO) Population Decile Group 1 C8 (PFOA) Mean Median Std. Deviation 2 Mean Median Std. Deviation 3 Mean Median Std. Deviation 4 Mean Median Std. Deviation 5 Mean Median Std. Deviation 6 Mean Median Std. Deviation 7 Mean Median Std. Deviation 8 Mean Median Std. Deviation 9 Mean Median Std. Deviation 10 Mean Median Std. Deviation Total Mean Median Std. Deviation Neutrophils ( %) 53.68 54.00 Neutrophils (Absolute) ( x10e3- uL) 3.83 3.50 Phosphorus, Serum ( mg-dL) 4.76 4.80 Platelets ( x10e3- Potassium, Serum ul) ( mmol-L) 316.63 305.00 4.16 4.10 9.88 1.59 0.72 78.15 0.27 54.60 55.00 3.84 4.67 306.76 3.60 4.70 302.00 4.14 4.10 9.27 1.49 0.73 74.47 0.29 55.12 56.00 4.10 4.77 308.78 3.70 4.80 303.00 4.13 4.10 9.50 1.78 0.69 67.96 0.30 54.77 55.00 4.06 4.74 312.72 3.80 4.70 307.00 4.12 4.10 9.98 1.57 0.69 73.59 0.26 54.47 55.00 4.01 4.83 303.95 3.70 4.90 293.00 4.14 4.10 9.91 1.62 0.70 71.45 0.29 54.05 54.00 4.04 4.75 311.98 3.70 4.80 302.50 4.15 4.10 9.95 1.74 0.70 81.29 0.29 53.62 54.00 3.93 4.79 305.98 3.70 4.80 300.00 4.14 4.10 9.41 1.48 0.69 68.19 0.31 53.95 54.00 3.92 4.73 310.18 3.70 4.80 302.00 4.15 4.10 9.33 1.42 0.67 73.17 0.30 54.32 54.00 9.85 3.99 4.84 318.08 3.70 4.90 310.00 1.49 0.72 72.23 4.16 4.10 0.29 53.63 54.00 4.04 4.86 314.03 3.70 4.90 305.00 4.17 4.20 10.25 1.76 0.71 72.56 0.32 54.22 54.00 3.98 4.77 310.61 3.70 4.80 303.00 4.15 4.10 9.72 1.60 0.70 73.37 0.29 2009 W*t Virginia University School of Medicine 7.22 6.50 Prostate-Specific Antigen, Serum ( ng-ml) 0.23 0.05 Protein, Total, RDW ( %) 7.32 13.74 7.30 13.50 3.78 0.27 0.41 0.91 7.06 0.24 7.36 13.65 6.30 0.05 7.40 13.60 3.71 0.41 0.41 0.69 7.33 0.21 7.41 13.57 6.50 0.05 7.40 13.50 3.85 0.29 0.38 0.75 7.43 0.19 7.40 13.58 6.40 0.05 7.40 13.40 4.42 0.22 0.40 0.78 7.44 0.19 7.38 13.57 6.50 0.05 7.40 13.50 4.46 0.25 0.40 0.76 7.36 0.20 7.40 13.56 6.40 0.05 7.40 13.50 4.27 0.24 0.41 0.70 7.41 0.19 7.43 13.54 6.40 0.05 7.40 13.50 4.19 0.25 0.41 0.73 7.42 0.18 7.42 13.48 6.60 0.05 7.40 13.40 3.59 0.23 0.39 0.68 7.39 0.18 7.42 13.57 6.40 0.05 7.40 13.50 4.25 0.26 0.41 0.82 7.15 0.18 7.44 13.43 6.40 0.05 7.40 13.30 3.53 0.35 0.40 0.73 7.32 6.50 0.20 7.40 13.56 0.05 7.40 13.50 4.00 0.29 0.40 0.75 Red Blood Cell 4.82 4.79 0.42 4.83 4.82 0.37 4.83 4.83 0.38 4.81 4.80 0.40 4.83 4.82 0.40 4.84 4.83 0.39 4.81 4.80 0.38 4.83 4.60 0.39 4.84 4.81 0.37 4.84 4.81 0.39 4.83 4.81 0.39 p. 39 Women (Female, >*18Y0) Page 14 Women (Female, >=18YO) Tabular (Numeric) Summary for Clinical Lab Values within Population C8/PF0A Deciles, Stratified by Age & Gender Population Decile Group - C8 (PFOA) 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 Total Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation A-G Ratio (Final AFP Tumor Marker, Recoded Value) Serum ng-ml) 1.50 6.78 1.50 2.00 0.24 28.83 1.51 4.60 1.50 2.00 0.23 18.40 1.51 4.77 1.50 2.00 0.22 18.78 1.51 4.62 1.50 2.00 0.23 23.12 1.51 5.58 1.50 2.00 0.23 92.43 1.51 3.77 1.50 2.00 0.22 13.65 1.51 3.81 1.50 2.00 0.23 14.72 1.52 3.33 1.50 2.00 0.22 10.11 1.51 3.21 1.50 2.00 0.22 7.40 1.53 3.06 1.50 2.00 0.23 8.12 1.51 4.52 1.50 2.00 0.23 33.76 Albumin, Serum ( gdL) 4.31 4.30 0.34 4.35 4.40 0.30 4.37 4.40 0.30 4.36 4.40 0.29 4.38 4.40 0.29 4.38 4.40 0.30 4.38 4.40 0.29 4.38 4.40 0.29 4.38 4.40 0.28 4.41 4.40 0.27 4.37 4.40 0.30 Alkaline Phosphatase, Serum ( IU-L) Antinuclear Antibodies Direct ( Li ALT (SGPT) <IU-L) mi) AST (SGOT) ( IU-L) 82.54 78.00 19.96 17.00 38.71 27.00 20.34 18.00 28.89 15.51 63.51 11.30 83.29 79.00 20.29 17.00 40.23 28.00 20.62 19.00 27.79 12.84 74.62 8.75 82.71 78.00 20.75 17.00 40.49 29.00 20.94 19.00 27.34 14.53 69.15 10.10 83.65 80.00 20.84 18.00 42.37 28.00 21.16 19.00 30.01 14.01 76.19 9.89 83.28 79.00 20.71 17.00 44.55 29.00 21.39 19.00 35.10 12.61 90.46 12.35 83.22 79.00 20.83 18.00 41.60 29.00 21.46 19.00 27.09 13.70 61.58 10.17 82.64 78.00 21.18 18.00 44.09 30.00 21.74 20.00 27.87 26.94 70.51 20.09 83.62 79.00 21.56 18.00 49.92 30.00 22.25 20.00 31.39 16.37 118.30 11.77 83.27 79.00 29.93 20.74 18.00 11.85 46.08 30.00 83.39 21.66 20.00 9.14 84.38 81.00 21.94 19.00 49.01 29.00 22.28 20.00 27.39 15.18 109.70 9.58 83.21 79.00 20.80 17.00 43.24 29.00 21.29 19.00 29.34 15.77 82.09 11.66 Baso (Absolute) ( x10e3-ul) 0.02 0.00 0.04 0.02 0.00 0.04 0.02 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.04 0.02 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.05 0.03 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.04 0.26 0.00 0.44 0.25 0.00 0.44 0.27 0.00 0.45 0.29 0.00 0.47 0.29 0.00 0.46 0.31 0.00 0.47 0.32 0.00 0.48 0.32 0.00 0.47 0.31 0.00 0.46 0.29 0.00 0.46 0.29 0.00 0.46 2009 West Virginia University School of Medicine p. 40 Women (Female, >*18Y0) Women (Female, >18YO) Page 1S I V 'd 2009 Weat Virginia Unlvaralty School of Madldna Women (Female, >=18Y0) Women (Female, >=18YO) Page 16 p. 42 02009 West Virginia University School o f Medicine Women (Female, >-18Y0) Women (Female, >=18YO) Page 17 p. 43 <02009 W att Virginia Unlvaralty School o f Medicina Women (Female. >*18Y0) Women (Female, >=18YO) Page 18 p. 44 02009 Wt Virginia Unlvarslty School o f Madlclna Women (Female, >*18Y0) Page 19 Women (Female, >=18YO) Population Decile Group - C8 (PFOA) 4 a 4 0 6 7 a # 1otal Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Magnesium, Monocytes(Absolute) Serum ( mg-dL) MCH ( pg) MCHC ( g-dL) MCV ( fL) Monocytes ( %) (x10e3-uL) 1.98 30.16 2.00 30.50 33.60 33.70 89.79 90.00 5.68 6.00 0.42 0.40 Neutrophils ( %) 63.06 63.00 Neutrophils (Absolute) ( x10e3- uL) 4.84 4.60 0.17 2.31 0.77 5.89 1.97 0.16 8.66 1.85 1.99 30.43 2.00 30.60 0.17 1.95 33.67 33.70 0.68 90.37 91.00 5.08 5.75 6.00 2.00 0.42 62.74 0.40 63.00 0.16 8.77 4.78 4.40 1.89 1.99 30.50 2.00 30.60 33.69 33.70 90.55 91.00 5.85 6.00 0.42 62.40 0.40 63.00 4.73 4.40 0.16 1.78 0.64 4.66 2.01 0.16 8.61 1.80 2.00 30.52 2.00 30.60 33.68 33.70 90.64 91.00 5.83 6.00 0.42 62.30 0.40 62.00 4.71 4.40 0.17 1.81 0.64 4.73 1.92 0.16 8.34 1.76 2.00 30.52 2.00 30.60 33.63 33.70 90.76 91.00 5.83 6.00 0.42 62.38 0.40 63.00 4.72 4.40 0.17 1.93 0.67 5.02 2.03 0.16 8.72 1.81 2.01 30.60 2.00 30.70 33.64 33.70 91.01 91.00 5.94 6.00 0.43 62.13 0.40 62.00 4.66 4.40 0.17 1.79 0.63 4.75 2.00 0.16 8.22 1.75 2.01 30.71 2.00 30.80 33.64 33.70 91.33 91.00 6.01 6.00 0.43 62.03 0.40 62.00 4.66 4.40 0.17 1.77 0.65 4.67 2.09 0.17 8.69 1.75 2.02 30.76 2.00 30.90 0.17 1.84 33.60 33.60 0.64 91.58 92.00 4.89 6.02 6.00 2.05 0.43 61.75 0.40 62.00 0.17 8.44 4.55 4.30 1.68 2.02 30.69 2.00 30.80 0.16 1.82 33.61 33.60 0.64 91.34 91.50 4.83 5.99 6.00 2.03 0.42 61.85 0.40 62.00 0.16 8.52 4.55 4.30 1.65 2.02 30.80 2.00 30.90 33.65 33.70 91.53 92.00 5.96 6.00 0.43 61.94 0.40 62.00 4.61 4.30 0.16 1.88 0.65 4.94 1.99 0.17 8.45 1.71 2.00 30.54 2.00 30.70 33.64 33.70 90.80 91.00 5.87 6.00 0.42 62.32 0.40 63.00 4.70 4.40 0.17 1.93 0.67 5.04 2.01 0.16 8.56 1.78 Phosphorus. Platelets ( x10e3uL) 3.64 299.33 3.60 290.00 0.59 73.95 3.62 294.88 3.60 290.00 0.56 69.57 3.64 3.60 293.45 288.00 0.56 67.09 3.65 295.88 3.60 290.00 0.58 68.82 3.65 293.54 3.60 287.00 0.55 68.15 3.65 295.01 3.70 290.00 0.54 70.80 3.67 292.02 3.70 288.00 0.55 67.85 3.68 291.10 3.70 285.00 0.53 67.61 3.69 292.26 3.70 285.00 0.53 72.75 3.73 291.70 3.70 285.00 0.56 68.70 3.66 294.25 3.70 288.00 0.56 69.77 2009 West Virginia University School o f Medicine p. 45 Women (Female, >~18Y0) Page 20 Women (Female, >=18YO) Population Decile Group - C8 (PFOA) Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Potassium, Serum ( mmol-L) 4.08 4.10 0.32 4.07 4.10 0.32 4.08 4.10 0.34 4.09 4.10 0.34 4.10 4.10 0.33 4.12 4.10 0.34 4.11 4.10 0.34 4.13 4.10 0.36 4.14 4.10 0.36 4.16 4.10 0.37 4.10 4.10 0.34 Protein, Total, Prolactin ( ng-mL) Serum ( g-dL) RDW ( %) 14.35 8.10 7.24 14.24 7.20 13.90 27.10 0.46 1.56 11.! 8.00 7.29 13.96 7.30 13.70 19.65 0.43 1.33 12.12 7.80 7.31 13.89 7.30 13.60 21.30 0.43 1.21 11.94 7.80 7.31 13.87 7.30 13.70 22.40 0.43 1.19 10.80 7.80 7.32 13.92 7.30 13.70 16.28 0.43 1.24 10.94 7.80 7.32 7.30 13.87 13.70 17.10 0.43 1.12 10.61 7.60 7.32 13.88 7.30 13.60 15.76 0.43 1.17 10.46 7.60 7.31 13.90 7.30 13.70 15.37 0.43 1.22 9.83 7.32 13.86 7.50 7.30 13.70 12.22 0.42 1,18 9.53 7.33 13.87 7.30 7.30 13.60 17.70 0.42 1.23 11.47 7.80 7.30 7.30 13.94 13.70 19.57 0.43 1.28 Red Blood Cell Count ( x10e6-uL) 4.46 4.47 0.40 4.50 4.50 0.37 4.51 4.51 0.36 4.51 4.52 0.37 4.51 4.52 0.37 4.51 4.51 0.39 4.48 4.49 0.38 4.49 4.50 0.38 4.50 4.51 0.38 4.49 4.49 0.38 4.49 4.50 0.38 Sodium, Serum ( mmol-L) 140.39 140.00 2.18 140.48 141.00 2.17 140.53 141.00 2.13 140.60 141.00 2.19 140.58 141.00 2.28 140.66 141.00 2.28 140.54 141.00 2.19 140.57 141.00 2.36 140.69 141.00 2.34 140.82 141.00 2.35 140.55 141.00 2.24 T3 Uptake ( %) 29.23 30.00 4.09 29.07 30.00 3.89 29.03 29.00 3.85 29.00 30.00 3.82 29.17 29.00 3.65 29.26 30.00 3.66 29.21 30.00 3.64 29.36 30.00 3.61 29.36 30.00 3.49 29.41 30.00 3.39 29.20 30.00 3.75 Testosterone, Serum ( ng-dL) 41.11 38.00 22.55 40.49 37.00 28.12 40.88 38.00 23.16 39.11 37.00 18.47 39.90 37.00 25.00 39.05 37.00 21.68 38.08 36.00 19.39 38.03 36.00 19.28 37.33 35.00 20.44 37.03 35.00 20.81 39.30 36.00 22.33 Thyroxine (T4) ( ngdL) 8.21 8.00 1.91 8.37 8.10 1.94 8.31 8.10 1.90 8.36 8.10 1.96 8.34 8.10 1.91 8.33 8.10 1.85 8.30 8.10 1.86 8.41 8.20 1.89 8.38 8.20 1.87 8.28 8.10 1.87 8.32 8.10 1.90 02009 West Virginia Univarsity School of Medicine p. 46 Men (Male, >*18Y0) Page 21 Men (Male, >=18Y0) Tabular (Numeric) Summary for Clinical Lab Values within Population C8/PF0A Deciles, Stratified by Age & Gender Population Decile Group C8 (PFOA) 1 Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std, Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation * Mean Median Std. Deviation 0 Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation ' Mean Median Std. Deviation A-G Ratio (Final Recoded Value) AFP Tumor Marker. Serum ( ng-ml) Albumin. Serum ( g-dL) Alkaline Phosphatase, Serum ( IU-L) Antinuclear Baso ALT (SGPT) ( IU- Antibedies AST (SGOT) ( (Absolute) ( L) Direct ( U-mL) IU-L) x10e3-uL) 1.59 2.45 4.40 86.70 28.46 38.02 24.41 0.02 1.60 2.00 4.40 82.00 25.00 26.00 22.00 0.00 0.27 1.01 0.34 32.12 17.99 47.67 11.64 0.04 1.61 2.50 4.49 86.54 31.37 37.96 25.98 0.02 1.60 2.00 4.50 83.00 26.00 27.00 22.00 0.00 0.24 1.06 0.29 31.09 36.36 56.61 26.23 0.04 1.62 2.55 4.51 85.22 30.46 37.30 24.83 0.02 1.60 2.00 4.50 82.00 26.00 27.00 22.00 0.00 0.24 2.20 0.29 26.14 21.08 56.66 12.40 0.04 1.63 2.56 4.53 84.78 32.18 37.01 25.55 0.02 1.60 2.00 4.50 82.00 26.00 27.00 23.00 0.00 0.24 1.29 0.29 25.79 34.52 52.36 16.57 0.04 1.62 12.47 4.54 85.28 31.69 38.13 25.32 0.02 1.60 2.00 4.50 82.00 26.00 28.00 23.00 0.00 0.24 524.43 0.28 23.82 20.68 62.32 11.29 0.04 1.62 2.54 4,53 84.08 31.24 40.19 25.77 0.03 1.60 2.00 4.50 80.00 26.00 28.00 23.00 0.00 0.24 1.43 0.29 31.75 26.21 77,25 18.61 0.04 1.62 2.57 4.53 84.02 31.08 40.43 25.61 0.03 1.60 2.00 4.50 81.00 26.00 30.00 23.00 0.00 0.24 1.26 0.29 25.89 20.23 59.23 15.69 0.04 1.61 2.58 4.52 83.56 30.73 42.44 25.36 0.03 1.60 2.00 4.50 81.00 26.00 30.00 23.00 0.00 0.24 1.25 0.29 23.80 19.29 73.78 14.03 0.05 1.61 2.60 4.53 83.38 30.55 39.85 25.37 0.03 1.60 2.00 4.50 80.00 26.00 29.00 23.00 0.00 0.23 1.28 0.27 26.02 18.49 51.89 11.15 0.05 1.62 2.61 4.53 84.04 31.64 41.48 25.65 0.03 1.60 2.00 4.50 81.00 27,00 29.00 23.00 0.00 0.24 1.06 0.27 24.02 19.67 58.48 11.54 0.05 1.62 3.60 4.52 84.58 31.04 39.47 25.42 0.03 1.60 2.00 4.50 81.00 26.00 28.00 23.00 0.00 0.24 169.61 0.29 26.81 23.92 60.89| 15.19 0.04 Bilirubin, Direct ( Bilirubin, Total ( mg-dL) mg-dL) 0.26 0.13 0.47 0.00 0.11 0.40 0.44 0.07 0.32 0.25 0.13 0.50 0.00 0.12 0.40 0.44 0.09 0.29 0.26 0.13 0.50 0.00 0.12 0.40 0.44 0.06 0.29 0.28 0.14 0.52 0.00 0.12 0.40 0.45 0.25 0.46 0.27 0.13 0.51 0.00 0.12 0.40 0.45 0.06 0.29 0.30 0.14 0.51 0.00 0.12 0.40 0.46 0.15 0.35 0.30 0.13 0.52 0.00 0.12 0.40 0.47 0.06 0.29 0.33 0.13 0.52 0.00 0.12 0.40 0.48 0.06 0.30 0.33 0.13 0.51 0.00 0.12 0.40 0.47 0.06 0.28 0.32 0.13 0.51 0.00 0.12 0.40 0.47 0.06 0.29 0.29 0.13 0.51 0.00 0.12 0.40 0.46 0.11 0.32 16.20 15.00 7.34 15.33 14.00 5.46 14.97 14.00 5.10 14.99 14.00 4.65 15.15 15.00 4.88 15.45 15.00 5.13 15.28 15.00 5.18 15.30 15.00 4.80 15.40 15.00 4.59 15.58 15.00 4.83 15.34 15.00 5.13 8009 West Virginia University School of Medicine p. 47 Men (Male, >*18Y0) Page 22 Men (Male, >18Y0) Population Decile Group - C8 (PFOA) 3 6 9 10 Total Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std, Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation BUN-Creatinlne Ratio (Final Calcium, Serum ( Cancer Antigen Chloride, Serum Recoded Value) mg-dL) (CA-125) ( U-mL) CEA ( ng-mL) ( mmol-L) 14.81 14.00 9.79 13.33 1.67 103.13 9.80 10.60 1.30 103.00 4.42 0.41 12.64 1.69 2.77 14.75 14.00 9.85 12.41 1.53 103.05 9.80 10.70 1.30 103.00 4.32 0.39 8.66 1.24 2.45 14.44 14.00 9.87 12.64 1.51 103.13 9.90 10.70 1.20 103.00 4,14 0.37 8.70 1.24 2.36 14.42 14.00 9.89 13.88 3.15 103.05 9.90 10.70 1.30 103.00 4.11 0.38 73.28 62.47 2.37 14.52 14.00 9.89 13.21 1.49 103.07 9.90 11.00 1.20 103.00 3.93 0.37 22.52 1.25 2.42 14.72 14.00 9.87 13.05 1.82 102.98 9.90 10.80 1.20 103.00 4.14 0.38 15.51 14.59 2.48 14.52 14.00 9.88 13.18 1.73 102.88 9.90 10.70 1.30 103.00 3.93 0.39 20.14 9.33 2.54 14.58 14.00 9.88 13.00 1.53 102.75 9.90 10.90 1.20 103.00 4.03 0.38 13.39 1.52 2.43 14,71 14.00 9.88 12.64 1.63 102.83 9.90 10.90 1.30 103.00 3.90 0.38 10.13 1.92 2.48 14.75 14.00 9.89 12.92 1.55 102.72 9.90 11.00 1.30 103.00 4.06 0.38 8.55 1.18 2.45 14.62 14.00 9.87 13.03 1.77 102.94 9.90 10.80 1.30 103.00 4.08 0.38 27.20 20.89 2.47 Cholesterol, 188.39 185.00 Cortisol ( ug-dl) 13.02 12.30 C-Reactive Protein, Quant ( mg-L) 4.30 1.80 Creatinine, Eos (Absolute) ( Serum mg-dL) Eos ( %) x10e3-uL) 1.14 2.50 1.00 2.00 0.19 0.20 44.02 5.33 8.26 0.77 1.81 0.15 189.19 13.31 4.08 1.05 2.42 0.18 187.00 12.70 1.70 1.00 2.00 0.10 41.13 5.45 10.94 0.36 1.80 0.14 191.66 13.32 3.39 1.05 2.45 0 18 188.00 12.90 1.60 1.00 2.00 0.10 43.47 5.50 7.17 0.24 1.86 0.15 192.90 13.42 3.25 1.05 2.41 0.18 191.00 12.70 1.50 1.00 2.00 0.10 42.00 5.61 8.12 0.24 1.76 0.14 195.14 13.50 3.19 1.05 2.38 0.18 191.00 12.90 1.50 1.00 2.00 0.10 44.09 5.59 7.11 0.19 1.69 0.13 192.45 13.24 3.16 1.06 2.41 0.18 188.00 12.70 1.40 1.00 2.00 0.10 43.16 5.54 7.72 0.21 1.73 0.13 195.74 13.11 2.99 1.06 2.36 0.17 193.00 12.50 1.40 1.00 2.00 0.10 44.01 5.55 6.82 0.21 1.69 0.12 194.47 13.04 2.98 1.06 2.48 0.18 191.00 12.50 1.40 1.00 2.00 0.10 41.37 5.51 6.41 0.21 1.86 0.15 196.86 12.74 2.84 1.06 2.44 0.18 194.00 12.20 1.40 1.00 2.00 0.10 40.88 5.38 5.79 0.18 1.80 0.14 199.15 12.76 2.81 1.07 2.49 0.18 197.00 12.10 1.30 1.00 2.00 0.10 41.34 5.46 6.41 0.20 1.73 0.13 194.12 13.13 3.22 1.06 2.43 0.18 191.00 12.50 1.50 1.00 2.00 0.10 42.59 5.50 7.41 0.29 1.77 0.14 (92009 West Virginia University School of Medicine p. 48 Men (Male, >*18Y0) Page 23 Men (Male, >18Y0) Population Decile Group ~ C8 (PFOA) 1 Median Std. Deviation 2 Mean Median Std. Deviation 3 Mean Median Std. Deviation 4 Mean Median Std. Deviation 5 Mean Median Std. Deviation 6 Mean Median Std. Deviation 7 Mean Median Std. Deviation 8 Mean Median Std. Deviation 9 Mean Median Std. Deviation 10 Mean Median Std. Deviation Total Mean Median Std. Deviation Estradiol ( pgmL) 25.56 24.00 Folates (Folic Acid), Serum ( ng-ml) 17.82 14.60 Free Testosterone, Direct ( pg-mL) 9.68 9.00 Free Thyroxine Index (Final Recoded Value) GGT ( IU-L) 2.37 39.99 2.30 27.00 Globulin. Total ( Glucose. Serum B-dl) ( mg-dL) 2.83 117.95 2.80 100.00 HDL Cholesterol ( rng-dl) 43.36 42.00 13.15 10.66 4.82 0.47 54.56 0.42 56.00 11.60 24.75 24.00 17.13 13.70 9.94 9.30 2.42 40.63 2.40 27.00 2.83 111.76 43.75 2.80 99.00 42.00 9.44 10.12 4.11 0.48 82.21 0.36 47.73 11.65 24.82 24.00 16.62 13.80 10.16 9.60 2.41 36.84 2.40 26.00 2.84 107.28 43.71 2.80 98.00 42,00 9.58 9.66 4.55 0.45 45.57 0.36 37.98 11.37 25.20 24.00 16.91 14.30 10.42 9.80 2.42 36.85 2.40 26.00 2.83 106.10 43.69 2.80 97.00 42.00 9.71 9.80 4.85 0.48 47.34 0.36 34.28 11.67 25.14 24.00 17.14 14.40 10.31 9.90 2.41 37.72 2.40 27.00 2.85 106.25 43.89 2.80 97.00 42.00 9.41 9.89 4.03 0.46 41.93 0.36 38.14 11.09 25.23 24.00 17.28 14.15 10.44 9.80 2.40 39.01 2.40 26.00 2.85 106.50 43.98 2.80 97.00 42.00 9.62 10.08 4,76 0.50 80.87 0.38 37.81 11.99 29.04 24.00 17.22 14.40 10.35 9.80 2.41 37.42 2.40 26.00 2.85 107.68 43.94 2.80 98.00 42.00 203.00 9.66 4.53 0.48 49.47 0.36 38.96 11.65 24.93 24.00 17.35 14.20 10.40 9.90 2.42 37.60 2.40 26.00 2.86 106.99 43.71 2.80 97.00 42.00 9.36 10.06 4.43 0.44 50.72 0.35 37.74 11.29 25.39 24.00 18.10 15.10 10.19 9.70 2.42 35.58 2.40 27.00 2.85 106.83 44.53 2.80 98.00 43.00 9.94 10.22 4.26 0.44 36.79 0.35 37.26 11.84 25.89 25.00 18.31 15.20 10.11 9.60 2.40 37.42 2.40 28.00 2.84 106.33 44.57 2.80 97.00 43.00 9.29 10.10 4.06 0.49 36.06 0.36 35.93 11.89 25.64 24.00 17.41 14.40 10.23 9.70 2.41 37.70 2.40 27.00 2.84 107.80 43.96 2.80 98.00 42.00 66.97 10.02 4.44 0.47 53.34 0.37 39.63 11.62 2009 West Virginia University School of Medicine 44.81 45.30 Hemoglobin ( gdl) 15.15 15.30 Immunoglobulin A, Qn, Serum ( mg-dl) 237.76 218.50 4.04 1.40 122.04 45.46 45.70 15.40 15.50 236.86 216.00 3.37 1.16 115.60 45.56 45.80 15.44 15.50 234.06 217.00 3.33 45.71 45.90 1.15 15.50 15.60 105.95 230.69 215.00 3.32 1.13 108.89 45.79 45.90 15.51 15.60 230.56 214.00 3.36 1.14 105.94 45.53 45.80 15.44 15.50 227.05 211.00 3.43 1.17 106.64 45.78 45.90 15.50 15.60 229.14 212.00 3.36 1.14 109.04 45.76 45.80 15.48 15.50 228.09 213.00 3.24 1.11 109.47 45.69 45.80 3.22 15.47 15.50 1.10 226.16 210.00 119.77 45.61 45.70 15.46 15.50 224.98 208.50 3.29 1.12 103.67 45.61 45.80 15.45 15.50 229.82 213.00 3.38 1.16 110.30 p. 49 Men (Mab, >*18Y0) Page 24 Men (Male, >=18Y0) Population Decile Group - C8 (PFOA) Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation 10 Mean Median Std. Deviation Total Mean Median Std. Deviation Immunoglobulin E, Total ( lU-ml) 115.25 31.00 Immunoglobulin G. Qn, Serum ( mg-dL) 1031.10 1000.50 Immunoglobulin Insulin-Like M, Qn, Serum ( Insulin, Fasting ( Growth Factor I ( mg-dL) ulU-mL) ng-mL) 99.86 86.00 26.37 13.70 150.68 141.00 Iron, Serum ( ug-dL) 89.57 85.00 LDH ( IU-L) 171.24 167.00 LDL Cholesterol ( Calculated) 104.20 101.00 Lymphs (Absolute) ( Lymphs ( %) x10e3-uL) 27.97 2.07 28.00 2.00 Magnesium, Serum ( mg-dL) 2.02 2.00 MCH ( pg) 30.89 31.00 305.31 288.67 72.63 40.05 61.09 34.74 34.15 35.01 7.91 0.74 0.16 1.93 124.30 29.00 1045.34 1025.00 103.17 88.00 24.51 13.40 154.58 144.00 93.70 89.00 172.01 167.00 107.44 104.50 28.68 29.00 2.05 2.00 2.03 30.98 2.00 31.00 379.58 242.18 76.32 34.18 62.31 34.92 40.88 34.31 7.42 0.66 0.16 1.60 122.34 30.00 1052.60 1032.00 105.26 92.00 23.67 13.60 156.37 147.00 92.89 89.00 169.82 166.00 108.70 107.00 28.73 28.00 2.09 2.00 2.03 30.87 2.00 30.80 390.73 237.76 68.15 33.72 62.43 33.42 32.47 34.90 7.34 0.68 0.15 1.55 98.26 28.00 1042.90 1019.00 102.04 90.00 23.34 12.95 153.43 146.00 94.53 89.00 171.14 168.00 110.44 108.00 29.02 29.00 2.06 2.00 2.04 30.88 2.00 30.90 266.30 236.73 66.89 33.04 58.00 35.11 33.57 35.74 7.37 0.72 0.15 1.57 108.88 29.00 1042.40 1022.00 104.57 88.00 21.67 12.30 154.33 144.00 95.13 91.00 170.71 167.00 111.68 109.00 28.76 28.00 2.07 2.00 2.04 30.93 2.00 30.90 308.85 239.54 77.07 29.84 60.44 34.23 31.94 36.36 7.49 0.87 0.15 1.53 101.34 28.00 1046.13 1029.00 101.76 88.00 22.23 12.60 150.74 142.00 93.78 89.00 171.08 167,00 109.04 107.00 28.53 28.00 2.01 1.90 2.04 30.97 2.00 31.00 270.33 271.93 76.36 28.74 58.46 34.09 40.37 35.25 7.31 0.64 0.15 1.56 106.00 26.00 1037.83 1014.00 105.88 90.00 22.80 12.90 150.95 139.00 95.18 91.00 171.69 167.00 111.61 109.00 29.00 29.00 2.09 2.00 2.04 31.01 2.00 31.00 323.16 239.94 87.14 32.77 62.98 33.39 37.46 35.42 7.60 2.48 0.15 1.52 102.86 29.00 1035.99 1012.00 105.09 90.00 22.87 12.60 145.76 135.00 94.63 90.00 171.00 167.00 111.46 109.00 28.54 28.00 2.04 1.90 2.05 31.00 2.00 31.00 254.38 239.91 83.94 33.18 60.16 33.11 33.19 35.33 7.44 0.98 0.15 1.51 99.62 27.00 1034.26 1007.00 104.91 89.00 21.37 12.10 143.57 135.00 94.17 90.00 171.39 168.00 112.53 111.00 28.79 29.00 2.05 1.90 2.05 31.01 2.10 31.00 316.21 249.87 82.82 30.30 56.05 33.41 30.88 34.65 7.49 1.23 0.15 1.59 93.22 26.00 1028.10 1007.00 102.49 87.00 20.33 11.80 144.21 135.00 95.55 90.00 172.42 169.00 114.25 112.00 28.64 29.00 2.01 1.90 2.05 31.07 2,10 31.00 238.53 241.11 88.22 25.78 56.45 34.35 30.49 34.70 7.31 0.63 0.15 1.55 105.82 28.00 1039.42 1017.00 103.67 89.00 22.64 12.70 150.03 140.00 94.15 90.00 171.27 167.00 110.61 108.00 28.70 28.00 2.05 2.00 2.04 30.97 2.00 31.00 304.74 247.71 78.98 31.82 59,79 34.05 34.45 35.27 7.45 1.13 0.15 1.58 $8009 West Virginia University School of Medicine p. 50 Men (Male, >*18Y0) Page 25 Men (Male, >=18Y0) Population Decile Group - C8 (PFOA) 1 Mean Median Std. Deviation 2 Mean Median Std. Deviation 3 Mean Median Std. Deviation 4 Mean Median Std. Deviation s Mean Median Std. Deviation 6 Mean Median Std. Deviation 7 Mean Median Std. Deviation 8 Mean Median Std. Deviation 9 Mean Median Std. Deviation 10 Mean Median Std. Deviation Total Mean Median Std. Deviation MCHC ( g-dl) MCV ( (L) 33.79 33.80 91.42 92.00 Monocytes(Absolu Monocytes ( %) te) ( x10e3-ul) 6.69 0.49 7.00 0.50 Neutrophils (Absolute) ( Neutrophils ( %) x10e3-ul) 62.59 63.00 4.81 4.50 Phosphorus. Serum ( mg-dL) 3.53 3.50 Prostate-Specific Platelets ( Potassium. Prolactin ( ng- Antigen. Serum ( Protein. Total, x10e3-uL) Serum ( mmol-L) mL) ng-mL) Serum ( g-dl) 269.06 261.00 4.23 7.78 4.20 6.70 1.03 7.24 0.70 7.20 0.68 5.15 2.18 0.19 8.98 1.78 0.69 71.48 0.38 5.70 1.46 0.49 33.89 33.90 91.48 91.00 6,77 7,00 0.48 61.88 4.60 0.50 62.00 4.30 3.50 259.31 3.50 253.00 4.19 9.09 4.20 6.90 1.00 7.32 0.60 7.30 0.62 4.42 2.05 0.17 8.26 1.75 0.62 58.97 0.35 60.63 1.95 0.42 33.88 33.90 91.14 91.00 6.78 7.00 0.49 61.78 4.65 0.50 62.00 4.30 3.50 262.71 3.50 260.00 4.19 8.08 4.20 7.00 0.91 7.36 0.60 7.30 0.60 4.22 2.21 0.18 8.42 1.72 0.60 61.03 0.31 15.63 1.10 0.42 33.90 33.90 91.14 91.00 6.80 7.00 0.48 61.49 4.53 0.50 62.00 4.20 3.49 261.90 3.50 258.00 4.19 8.41 4.20 6.90 1.04 7.36 0.60 7.40 0.62 4.26 2.13 0.18 8.33 1.68 0.59 61.08 0.33 31.87 5.10 0.41 33.87 33.90 91.37 91.00 6.74 7.00 0.48 61.85 4.61 0.50 62.00 4.30 3.49 261.54 3.50 256.00 4.21 7.62 4.20 6.80 1.04 7.38 0.70 7.40 0.61 4.20 2.15 0.18 8.39 1.93 0.59 59.36 0.32 3.96 2.32 0.42 33.91 33.90 91.37 91.00 6.83 7,00 0.48 61.93 4.54 0.50 62.00 4.20 3.52 258.40 3.50 253.00 4.21 7.80 4.20 7.00 1.02 7.37 0.60 7.40 0.61 4.27 2.18 0.18 8.34 1.69 0.61 60.62 0.35 4.25 2.21 0.43 33.87 33.90 91.62 91.00 6.88 7.00 0.49 61.45 4.49 0.50 62.00 4.20 3.52 257.49 3.50 254.00 4.22 9.17 4.20 6.90 1.31 7.38 0.60 7.40 0.59 4.21 2.11 0.17 8.53 1.62 0.60 57.01 0.35 59.21 20.59 0.42 33.83 33.80 91.68 91.00 6.84 7.00 0.48 61.80 4.52 0.50 62.00 4.20 3.50 258.35 3.50 254.00 4.24 8.52 4.20 7.00 1.06 7.38 0.70 7.40 0.59 4.19 2.13 0.18 8.40 1.62 0.57 63.53 0.33 43.85 2.16 0.42 33.86 33.90 0.61 91.82 91,00 4.35 6.92 7.00 2.08 0.49 61.52 4.47 0.50 62.00 4.20 0.18 8.47 1.66 3.53 257.83 3.50 253.00 0.57 59.20 4.24 10.06 4.20 6.90 0.34 98.23 1.07 7.38 0.70 7.40 1.82 0.41 33.90 33.90 91.71 92.00 6.92 7.00 0.49 61.63 4.51 0.50 62.00 4.20 3.55 258.31 3.50 253.00 4.26 8.44 4.20 6.80 1.16 7.37 0.70 7.40 0.59 4.30 2.11 0.28 8.38 1.94 0.56 58.42 0.34 26.47 2.21 0.41 33.87 33.90 91.47 91.00 6.83 7.00 0.49 61.75 4.56 0.50 62.00 4.30 3.51 260.05 3.50 255.00 4.22 8.53 4.20 6.90 1.07 7.36 0.70 7.40 0.61 4.33 2.14 0.19 8.44 1.74 0.60 60.78 0.34 47.03 7.15 0.42 2009 West Virginia University School of Medicine p. 51 Men (Male, >*18Y0) Page 26 Men (Male, >=18Y0) Population Decile Group - C8 (PFOA) Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std. Deviation Mean Median Std, Deviation ROW ( %) 14.10 13.80 1.32 13.81 13.70 0.96 13.75 13.60 0.96 13.72 13.60 0.96 13.70 13.60 0.94 13.73 13.60 1.05 13.68 13.60 0.96 13.67 13.50 0.86 13.70 13.60 0.93 13.67 13.50 0.96 13.73 13.60 0.98 Red Blood Cell Count ( x10e6- Sodium. Serum ( uL) mmol-L) T3 Uptake ( %) 4.92 140.62 32.17 4.97 141.00 32.00 0.49 2.41 3.00 4.98 140.77 32.13 5.01 141.00 32.00 0.42 2.18 3.00 5.01 140.91 32.07 5.03 141.00 32.00 0.41 2.15 3.01 5.03 140.97 32.04 5.04 141.00 32.00 0.41 2.12 3.09 5.02 140.92 32.08 5.05 141.00 32.00 0.42 2.24 3.03 4.99 140.88 32.15 5.03 141.00 32.00 0.43 2.24 3.09 5.01 140.93 32.13 5.03 141.00 32.00 0.42 2.28 3.01 5.00 140.81 32.09 5.01 141.00 32.00 0.40 2.22 2.94 5.00 140.88: 31.90 5.02 141.00 32.00 0.40 2.32 2.94 4.99 140.83 31.96 4.99 141.00 32.00 0.41 2.28 2.98 5.00 140.86 32.06 5.02 141.00 32.00 0.42 2.24 3.01 Testosterone, Thyroxine (T4)( Triglycerides ( Serum ( ng-dL) ng-dL) mg-dL) 368.81 350.00 7.41 227.79 7.40 169.00 164.51 1.52 204.97 370.68 348.50 7.58 204.45 7.50 163.00 161.00 1.53 157.54 369.03 350.00 7.56 210.52 7.50 163.00 152.36 1.46, 184.32 374.51 351.00 7.59 211.81 7.50 171.00 161.57 1.56 159.38 367.07 351.00; 7.56 214.90 7.55 170.00 146.26 1.49 193.97 379.58 354.00 7.52 213.40 7.50 167.00 194.50 1.51 183.14 368.96 345.00 7.54 218.79 7.50 173.00 153.02 1.51 189.84 373.01 355.00 7.58 214.44 7.60 175.00 156.51 1.44 158.74 371.30 352.00 7.63 216.17 7.60 176.00 145.68 1.59 169.82 380.90 362.00 7.55 222.71 7.50 179.00 152.22 1.49 174.93 372.75 353.00 7.56; 7.50 215.50 171.00 158.83 1.51 177.49 Uric Acid. Serum Vitamin B12 ( TSH ( ulU-mL) ( mg-dL) pg-mL) 2.24 6.17 498.27 1.72 6.10 435.00 4.60 1.42 293.16 2.17 6.18 475.49 1.66 6.10 432.00 4.07 1.36 244.98 2.01 6.32 469.84 1.69 6.20 429.00 1.43 1.36 224.40 2.14 6.37 468.99 1.70 6.30 424.00 2.61 1.37 214.36 2.18 6.40 473.37 1.71 6.30 431,00 3.58 1.37 221.26 2.21 6.31 480.26 1.73 6.20 431.00 3.08 1.36 255.18 2.31 6.37 467.49 1.72 6.30 428.00 5.09 1.35 201.36 2.17 6.39 476.98 1.74 6.30 430.00 2.46 1.38 242.89 2.13 6.36 484.29 1.75 6.30 434.00 2.05 1.33 258.18 2.23 6.41 480.92 1.78 6.30 437.00 2.90 1.33 232.96 2.18 6.34 476.98 1.73 6.30 431.00 3.27 1.36 237.83 VLDL Cholesterol (Calculated) ( mg-dL) 34.27 31.00 16.86 34.08 31.00 16.96 33.69 30.00 16.91 34.65 32.00 17.26 34.70 32.00 16.84 34.32 31.00 17.05 35.41 32.00 17.14 35.54 33.00 16.95 35.62 33.00 17,14 35.95 33.00 16.97 34.92 32.00 17.03 White Blood Cell Count ( x10e3-uL) 7.5773 7.3000 2.14875 7.3220 7.0000 2.12782 7.4239 7.1000 2.12238 7.2665 6.9000 2.08487 7.3487 7.0000 2.34641 7.2174 6.9000 2.05305 7.2451 6.9000 3.13498 7.2307 6.9000 2.15060 7.1924 6.9000 2.33300 7.2096 6.9000 2.38990 7.2863 6.9000 2.32800 4009 West Virginia Unlvarslty School of Medicina p. 52