Document wrm6Y9gO5NBBYGaB8gxZ418bV
THE NEW YORK TIMES, TUESDAY. APRIL IS, 1914
TO CANCER IN MICE
'Liver Disease Is Produced j in Vinyl Chloride Study
By JANE E. BRODY
An industry-sponsored study
of vinyl chloride has indicated
; that when mice are exposed
j to the amount of the chemical
; that workers are currently per
mitted to inhale, the animals
develop a rare fatal cancer of
the liver that has been found!
in 12 vinyl chloride workers.
Vinyl chloride, an explosive
gas, is used to make polyvinyl
chloride, the basis for much of
modern plastics. Some 6,500
! workers aefi involved in i the vinyl chloride-polyvinyl
| chloride industry. In addition, I vinyl chloride has been used
as a propellant in some aerosol
j| consumer products, including >
hair sprays and pesticides.
| The industry's laboratory
i finding, presented yesterday to
(a private briefing for Govern-
; ment and industry officials,
| raises questions about the
I safety of the current Federal
! emergency occupational stan-
[ dard of 50 parts of vinyl
chloride per one million parts
, of air.
I At this level of exposure for
|seven hours a day over seven
i months, several mice in the
j study, sponsored by the Manu
facturing Chemists Association,;
I are reported to have developed j
I angiosarcoma, or cancer of the [ I liver.
In a previous study. Prof.
(Cesare Maltoni of the Cancer
Institute in Bologna, Italy, j
found the cancer in rats at]
levels of 250 parts per million:
and higher.
j
Professor Maltoni's studies to|
date have shown no adverse1
effects at 50 parts per million,}
and it was partly for this
reason that the U.S. Depart-!
ment of Labor's Occupational!
.Safety and Health Administra-;
tion chose 50 parts per million;
for the emergency standard.
Developed Spontaneously .
I John O'Neill, chief of healthl
standards development at the;
[agency, said yesterday that the
: emergency standard would re
main until "we have looked,
'closely at the data and seen
how good it is." He noted that
mice sometimes develop angio-:
isarcoma of the liver spon
taneously.
I
Mr. ONeill said that the
agency expected to publish in
the Federal Register next week
ja proposed permanent standard1
'lor vinyl chloride that would
;more closely reflect the judg-,
ment of its scientific advisers,!
the National Institute for Oc-|
cupational Safety and Health.;
They and other scientists have
said that there can be no safc: level established for exnosurc; to a C3ncer-caus:ng agent, and
that workers should not be exposed to any detectable levels of vinyl chloride.
The hair sprays in question,' manufactured by Clairol and! Bonat, Inc., are being recalledl
[from store shelves. The En-| ;virorimental Protection Agency
is expected to release today the brand names of pesticides! containing vinyl chloride. The[
agency said yesterday that all ,23 manufacturers had agreed to substitute a different propellant, and all are being asked to vol untarily recall existing products
containing vinyl chloride. The environmental agency is
studying what to do about the
more than 300 million pounds of vinyl chloride that escape I into the environment each year
in the process of plastics manu
facturing. Vinyl chloride had been used
as an industrial chemical for more than 30 years in this country with relatively little concern about its possible toxic effects.
In January, the B. F. Good rich Company announced that
four workers in its polyvinyl chloride plant in Louisville, Ky., had developed liver cancer. There are seven cases known
at the Louisville plant and five elsewhere. The announcement led to an industrywide search
for the possible effects of the chemical. Mass medical evaminations were given at one plant
in Niagara Falls. Th latest study, supported
;by the chemists association and 'conducted by Bio-test Labora tories, Inc., in Northbrook, III., !was begun last summer, before ;the Goodrich announcement, in jresponse to early reports of Professor Maltoni's findings.
Car Wish Chemical Derails
PHILADELPHIA, April 15,
(AP) -- A railroad freight car
derailed and leaked some of its
cargo of vinyl chrloride onto a
main road here late last night
There were no injuries.
Thomas Hopping, a spokes
man for Penn Central, sail: "It
is noxious. It is falmmable and
dangerous. But the situation:
[right now is that we have:
leverything under control. There
]is no hazard at this point in
time as far as the leak is con
cerned." The 38,000-gallan-tank car
was one of three that de-j
railed from a 52-car Penn Cen
tral freight. The tanker slid!
down an embankment, onto;
West River Drive, blocking the'
four-lane road. The officials;
close it to traffic today.
j
23192001
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