Document wrKpbL64ZvnoQg455B78xOO0B

FILE NAME: Chemical Abstracts (CHAB) DATE: 1964 DOC#: CHAB047 OCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Abstract Originally Published in 1963 by Davis Inst. lna. riyg. anu \ A \ U p a u u u a i u i s i a a c d , v-FvMft./. v***w * # Toksikol. Novykh PestUsidov i Klinika Olravlenii, Dokl. 2-oi in the outer nuclear and outer plexiform layers. /, [ Vtoroi| Vses. Konf. 1962, 350-3. Single peroral doses of 0.5 John F. R. Kuck, Jr. ' 7.0 g. plienyldimethylurea (I)/kg. did not cause death of mice The specificity of the cytotoxic action of ailica. A study in and rats. Repeated inhalation of I dust (1.0-1.4 mg. 1/1. air) vitro. R. W. I. Kessel, L. Monaco, and M. A. Marchisio was followed by hypertrophy of adrenal glands up to double their ' (Univ. Milan). Brit. J. Exptl. Pathol. 44, 351-64(1963). In normal wt. Repeated spreading of I on skin resulted in depila monolayer cultures of macrophages from guinea pig, rabbit, tion lasting 1-3 months; thus, I is classified as a low-toxicity mouse, rat, and man, the production of lactic acid and the O up herbicide. Miloslav Kalab take are rapidly decreased by tridymite, but not by hematite, C, The mechanism of action of carbon tetrachloride in inducing or vitreous Si. Tridymite when coated with amorphous Si or variations of some serum enzymes of probable hepatic origin. _ . AljO> was rendered nontoxic. A special surface is therefore neces A. Sabatini Pellegrini (Univ. Milan). Boll. Soc. Hal. Biol. Sper. sary for the cytotoxic effect of Si. Polymorphonuclear leuko 39(23), 1435-0(1963). The effect of CCU in olive oil soln., given cytes were not injured by tridymite, nor were several other types by gastric probe to male rats of 300 g. av. wt., on lactic dehydro of cell cultures. M. L. C. Bernheim genase (LDH), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and glu- Changes in the protein composition of the blood serum in ex tamic-oxalacetic transaminase (GOT) was studied. Expts. were perimental lead poisoning. A. T. Aldanazarov, T. Kh. Aitbaev, made with normal rats, adrenalectomized rats, and adrenalecto- and N. A. Kutyrkina. Izv. Akad. Nauk Kaz. SSR, Ser. Med. n.ized rats treated with 10 mg./kg. corticosterone (I) injection. Nauk 1963(2), 48-53. In Pb poisoning there is no great change The enzymes were analyzed spectrophotometrically. In nor in the total protein of dogs as detd. by refractometry, but paper mal rats there was a sharp increase of GOT and GPT 2 hrs. electrophoresis shows that the albumin and 7-globulin concns. after the CCU administration, and the level reached more than are reduced and those of the a- and /3-globulins are increased. twice the normal value after 4 hrs. The increase of LDH was John Howe Scott similar, but less pronounced. In animals which had been ad- - " Effects of chlorine gas on the lungs of rats with spontaneous rcnalectomized 72 hrs. before the expt. there was no increase in pulmonary disease. P. C. Elmes and Deirdre Bell (Queen's enzyme levels; at the same time, the body temp, decreased by Univ., Belfast, Ire.). J. Pathol. Bacleriol. 86, 317-26(1963). about 5.5. Adrenalectomized rats to which I was given showed Rats with spontaneous lung disease exposed to Cl develop acute the same high value of LDH as normal rats after CCU treatment; necrosis of the bronchial mucosa, and acute inflammation with GOT and GPT were sharply increased, but not quite as in nor , a cellular exudate and blockage of the peripheral bronchi. Cl mal rats after CCU administration. If the drop of body temp, produces excessive mucus secretion and focal damage to the lung was prevented in the adrenalectomized animals by keeping them periphery. John T. Myers in a thermostatically controlled room, their enzyme levels were Effect of guanidine and histamine in CCL toxicity in animals. as high as in the adrenalectomized rats that received I. It is sur T. P. Veselova, Yu. A. Velikovskaya, and L. M. Gordeeva. mised that hypothermia is a self-defense of the liver against CCU Tr. Ficr. Inst. Gel'mintol. 10, 178-84(1963). As the clin. re- damage. _ . H. . G. . Figdor -- suits of histamine, guanidine, and CCL intoxication is very simi- Metabolism of " P-labeled Shell SD-4294 in a lactatmg ewe. lar, the effects of guanidine and histamine in the toxic process W. F. Chamberlain (U.S. Dept, of Agr., Kerrville, Texas). were investigated. The L.D.to for rabbits was 2 mg./kg. of J. Econ. Entomol. 57(1), 119-21(1964). A study was made of histamine-2HCl and 335 mg./kg. of guanidine. Guanidine in the absorption, elimination, and metabolism of orally adminis creased the toxicity of histamine. Preliminary administration tered "P-labeled Shell SD-4294 (Ciodrin, a-methylbenzyl 3-hy- of CaClj, glucose, Na lactate, and dimedrol prevented histamine droxycrotonate dimethyl phosphate) in a lactating ewe. The a shock and guanidine intoxication. In expts. with rabbits hist peak radioactivity in both the blood and urine occurred at 6 amine was 183 times as toxic as guanidine. Introduction of CCL hrs., which indicated a moderate rate of absorption but rather caused an increase of the amt. of guanidine in the blood of ani rapid elimination. Some 61-90% of the radioactivity in the mals, while guanidine initiated the liberation of surplus labile urine was dimethyl phosphoric acid; the other metabolites oc histamine. St. Janderka curred only in small quantities. The ratio of a to /3 isomer in -- The effect of histamine on the mechanism of CCL toxicity in the blood was similar to that in the original sample of SD-4294, cattle. T. P. Veselova, Yu. A. Velikovskaya,"and L. M. Gor whereas the very small residues in the milk consisted of 0 isomer deeva. Tr. Vses. Inst. GeTmiv.'.cl. 10, 169-78(1963). It was only. . RCJS observed in expts. with 16 cows (11 of them fluke infected) that Biochemical studies on minamata disease. Makio Uchida the histamine level in blood plasma rose from 3-8 7 % to 13 (Univ. Kumamoto, Japan). Seikagaku 35, 430-9(1963). A 25.6 7 % in 24 hrs. after intramuscular administration of 4-5 causative agent of the disease was isolated from poisonous mussel, e ml./100 kg. wt. of CCL dild. in an equal amt. of oil and to 33 Hormomys mulabilis, and was found to be (CH3Hg),S (I). Ani 40 7 % after enteral administration of this drug. Antagonistic mal test with synthesized I caused a typical minamata disease. effect of substances of antihistamines was only of short duration 54 references. T. Akazawa (3 hrs. with dimedrol, p-aminobenzoic acid, adenosine triphos Hazardous substances; benzene, petroleum distillates, tolu phate, and citral. St. Janderka ene xylene; labeling requirements. Anon. Federal Register _ An electron microscopy study of the effect of asbestos dust on 29, 1802--3(Feb. 6, 1963); cf. CA 55, 25163g. Human experi 'the lung. J. M. G. Davis (Inst. Pathol., Cambridge, Engl.). ence establishes that products contg. more than 5% of the title Brit. J. Exptl. Pathol. 44, 454-64(1963). Rats and guinea pigs materials are hazardous and require special labeling under the were subjected to the inhalation of chrysotile asbestos dust. Federal Hazardous Substances Labeling Act. William Horwitz Small nodular giant cell lesions of dust-carrying macrophages are Toxicology of mercaptophos. S. I. Loktionov. Gigiena i formed, followed by fibrosing interstitial pneumonia, and finally Toksikol. Novykh Pestitsidov i Klinika Olravlenii, Dokl. 2-oi j consolidation of the lung. Alveolar macrophages are the only (Vtoroi| Tier. Konf. 1962, 220-2. In rats, cats, and dogs to cells which can phagocytose the dust. Aggregates of ferritin oc which mercaptophos was administered the av. cholinesterase cur around the chrysotile particles. The capillary walls are activity of the brains was 75% lower than in control animals. sometimes thickened. M. L. C. Bernheim Heavy vessel destruction and dystrophic changes were observed Clinical and laboratory data in chronic poisoning due to tri- in the central nervous system of dead exptl. animals. Cats and chloropropene. F. Linari, F. Capellaro, and P. CL Gaido (Univ. does had approx, equal sensitivity to this poison: L.D.m, was -- Turin, Italy). Rass. Med. Ind. 31(3), 227-38(1962). Four 3..9.? mg.//k.g', efor c_a,,ts a_n_d1 o3.x6*5e tf_orad_o_g_s. Sc*t. JTaonndrlenrrlkroa ~ca~sens vofneoxprousur rae ton 1,3,f3l-.ftrniAchMIonrmopnrnonppenpe vnapnnor wpere ndescernibeda. Cigaret smoking and blood lipids. Alfred Kershbaum and The effects to a large extent were similar to those of trichloro Samuel Bellet (Philadelphia Gen. Hosp., Philadelphia, Pa.). ethylene. It is an irritant to the mucous membranes. Its im J. Am. Med. Assoc. 187(1), 32-6(1964). Cigaret smoking and mediate effect was a disturbance of the central nervous system nicotine have a biol. significant effect on lipid metabolism. producing headaches, dizziness, asthenia, and restlessness. Smoking in humans and nicotine in dogs caused a rapid and con After exposure the dominant symptoms centered on the gastro sistent rise in serum free fatty acid (FFA) levels and patients intestinal system. Exposures reported here were brief and mod with myocardial infarction developed an elevation more than erate except in one case where a worker was splashed with the twice that of normal subject or noncoronary patients. An in liquid. In this worker electrocardiographic alterations were crease in urimnar.y catiewc.h,ol, a..m...i.n.-e .e..x..c..r.e..t.i.o..n.....a.c..c.--omp..a..n..i.e..d.....t.h..e. noted that persisted for some time, while in the others the find- FFA resoonse to smoking. Sympathetic ganglionic blockade pre- -- ings were neg. Routine blood and urine analysis results were m vented or inhibited the FFA rise. Adrenalectomized patients a-i"l c..a..s.e..s...w. -i-t-h-i-n---n-olr,m.,arl fl,,imnrittiso,nastewstesr.e lTivheer function tests. The showed a negligible rise or none. Smoking had a variable effect Fujiwara reaction was pos. in all cases, but the Nash test which on fat tolerance except in subjects with fasting hypertriglyceri is specific for chloro derivs. of EtOH was consistently neg. demia in whom smoking caused an impairment of fat tolerance. Leonard D. Pagnotto In dogs given nicotine daily for 6 weeks there was a 50% rise in Sanitary-hygienic working conditions and pneumoconiosis the serum cholesterol level. Rachel Brown morbidity rate among electric welders in the Ural automobile fac Histopathology of chloroquine retinal toxicity. Dennis H. tory. K. E. Bakalcinik-Kazachkova. Gigiena Truda i Tekhn. Wetterholm and Frank C. Winter (Stanford Univ., Palo Alto, Bezopasnosti pri Elektrosmrochn. Raboinkh, Moscow 1962, 54-9. Calif.). Arch. Ophthalmol. (Chicago) 71(1), 82-7(1904). In a The working conditions and death rate were studied in the weld patient on prolonged chloroquine (I) therapy an irreversible reti ing and assembly-welding shops of a car factory. I he compn. nal pathology developed which included destructive lesions of and amt. of dust generated during welding with the electrodes ^ m