Document wr6mrDBJy4O1Jw3age6Xg137E

156 Cof. Frov of Cenodo Cof. 2 Station* CHAPTER 12 1959 Guide Table 2 .... Winter Gimatic Conditions*--Canada Cof. 3 Co1. 4 Col. 5 Co1. 6 Cof. 7 | Cof. 8 | Cof. 9 jcoL 10 Cof. If Elevation* Period of locord* lowed Torn on fisewd* Average Annual Min. Totnp* Winter Oetign Tomp* --F Avg Wind Speed' Ft F F 1% 2H% 5% 10% Mpfi B. c............ Edmonton................. A Grande Prairie......... A Lethbridge.................A McMurray................. A Medicine Hat............A Eetevan Point.......... C Port Nelson.............. A Penticton...................A Prince George...........A Prince Rupert...........C Vancouver................. A Victoria......................C Churchill................... A The Pas..................... A Winnipeg................... A N. B........... Nfld............ Campbellton............. C Fredericton............... C Moncton.....................A Saint John.................C Gander..................... A Goose Bay................. A St. John's.................. A N.W.T....... N.S............. Aklavik...................... C Fort Norman............C Frobisher................... A Resolute.'...................C Yellowknife...............A Halifax.......................A Sydney............ ...........A Yarmouth.................. A 2219 2190 3018 1216 2365 20 1230 1121 2218 170 22 228 115 894 786 42 164 248 119 482 144 463 30 300 68 56 682 136 197 136 P. E. I....... Que............. Hamilton................... C Kapuskasing............. A Kingston.................... C Kitchener...................C London.......................A North Bay.................A Ottawa....................... A Peterborough............C Sioux Lookout.. ..;. A Sudbury..................... C Timmins.................... C Toronto...................... C Toronto...................... A Windsor..................... A Charlottetown..........C Arvida........................ C Knob Lake................ A Mont Joli...................A Montreal.................... C Montreal.................... A . Port Harrison........... C Quebec City..............C Seven Islands........... A Sherbrooke................ C Three Rivera.-.......... C Regina........................A Saskatoon.................. A Swift Current........... A Whitehorse................ A 303 752 340 1100 912 1210 339 648 1227 837 1100 379 578 637 74 375 1605 150 187 98 66 296 190 620 50 1884 1645 2677 2289 1921-1950 1942-1950 1921-1950 1921-1950 1921-1950 1924-1950 1938-1950 1921-1950 1921-1950 1921-1950 1938-1950 '1921-1950 1932-1950 1921-1950 1921-1950 1938-1950 1923-1950 1921-1950 1921-1950 1937-1950 1942-1950 1926-1950 1927-1950 1925-1950 1942-1950 1948-1950 1942-1650 1944-1950 1921-1950 1921-1950 1936-1950' 1921-1950 1921-1950 . 1921-1950 1921-1950 1925-1950 1921-1950 1921-1950 1931-1950 1921-1950 1921-1950 1921-1950 1938-1950 1921-1950 1921-1950 1932-1950 1948-1950 1943-1950 1921-1950 1942-1950 1942-1950 1921-1950 1944-1950 1921-1950 1921-1950 1921-1950 1921-1950 1921-1950 1941-1950 -55 -62 -45 -64 -49 7 -61 -16 -58 -3 0 6 -50 -54 -44 -31 -38 -36 -21 -16 -35 -10 -62 -65 -49 -55 -60 -11 -23 v-11 -17 -53 --31. -29 -27 -46 -38 -38 -50 -45 -22 -24 -10 -23 -42 -59 -28 -29 -28 -49 -32 -43 -39 -43 -54 -54 -54 -62 -39 -47 -32 -51 -34 22 -47 -1 -42 12 13 20 -43 -42 -35 -24 -23 -12 -10 -30 -2 -42 --54 -44 -53 -51 -9 1 -6 -42 -17. -11 -11 -33 -26 -21 -39 -34 -7 -13 -2 -n -31 -48 -16 -20 -42 -19 -24 -24 -39 -41 -34 -51 1C -39 -33 -29 -21 -43 -39 -34 -27 -38 -32 -28 -19 -48 -42 -37 -30 -41 -35 -31 -22 14 17 21 27 -42 -38 -33 -28 -14 -6 -43 -32 -25 -16 5 8 12 18 8 11 15 21 12 15 19 25 7.9 15.0 9.0 7.2 8.0 7.7 -43 -42 -40 -37 -43 -39 -30 -26 -33 -29 -25 -21 -14 -11 -8 -3 -9 -6 -3 -11 -8 -5 0 -6 -3 6.4 12.0 14.9 -6 -3 -29 -26 -24 -20 -1 1 4 7 -50 -46 -43 -39 -46 -42 -39 -35 -51 -47 -43 -39 -45 -42 -40 -36 -49 -47 -45 10.3 19.3 -3 -7 4 -4 -34 -15 -8 -5 -24 -18 -15 -38 -21 -30 -4 -9 0 -8 -23 -44 -14 -12 -14 -43 -16 -23 -15 -17 2 1 7 0 -30 -11 -3 -20 -15 -11 -33 -17 -26 0 -4 3 -3 -19 -40 -11 -9 -11 -39 -12 -20 -12 -13 5 4 10 00 5 -27 -6 2 3 -16 -11 -6 -29 -12 -22 5 1 .7 0 -16 -34 -8 -6 -8 -35 -9 -17 -9 -10 9 8 13 15 10 -22 -1 7 8 -11 -7 -1 -24 -5 -17 10 6 11 e -11 -30 -3 -2 -.4 . -31 -4 -12 -5 -5 12.4 13.1 13.5 ft 6 10.0 10.8 11.9 11.3 ii.i 8.5 - 14.1 12.1 11.3 8.2 ' 13.3 12.3 13.1 13.4 12.4 8.2 -39 -34 -30 -25 -45 -37 -33 -26 -39 -33 -29 -24 12.1 9.7 14.6 -49 -43 -37 -26 8.7 Heating Load 157 Notes for Table 2 .... Winter Climatic Conditions*--Canada * Data compiled from ihe Ciimaioiogxcal Aiiaa of Canada for ihe years indicated. b Col. 2. The stations followed by letter A are airport stations; all others are city office stations and are followed by letter C. * Col. 3. The elevations listed are ground elevations of the station. * Col. 4. The periods of record indicated apply only to the lowest temperature ever recorded shown in Col. 5, and generally extend from a summer month of the first year indicated through the spring months of the last year indicated. * Average of readings of one lowest temperature obtained for each year for period of record. For Canada, in some cases, more tfrwn one location have been used. ' Most of the wind speeds are based on periods ending in 1947 which are somewhat shorter than the periods for the minimum temperatures. The three months, December, January, and February were used. * The winter design temperatures shown in columns 7*10 inclusive for Canadian cities are the Fahrenheit temperature values at or below which 1, 2H, 5, and 10 percent, respectively, of the January hourly outdoor temperatures occur for the 10 years from 1941 to 1950. The tabulated values are based on hourly temperature observations for some of the cities and upon the difference between the mean monthly temperature and the design temperature for the remainder of the cities listed. decision on outdoor design temperature, that if the indooroutdoor design temperature difference is exceeded, the indobr temperature will fall. The question is to determine how large a drop will occur and whether it can be tolerated. Finally, there is a factor, perhaps intangible, that should not be ignored. It is the performance expected by the owner from the system. In order to judge whether expected perform ance can be assured the designer needs a full understanding of the basis on which the capacities of all the system com ponents are derived or determined, the limits of accuracy of published performance data, and the accelerating capability of certain types of equipment. There is no substitute for engineering judgment in problems of this type. Judgment is developed from experience and continued study. Canadian Winter Design Temperatures - Canadian winter design temperatures are based on tem perature frequencies and show the percentage of time that the temperature might be expected to fall below certain values. Since January is nonnally the coldest month of the., winter in most of Canada, and to simplify the analysis and understanding, these values are based on January data only* In using these values to calculate the heat loss of a building, the engineer is thus designing for the coldest month of the Table 3 .... Winter Indoor Dry-Bulb Temperatures Usually Specified* Typo of toiktmg F Schools-- Classrooms........ Assembly rooms.................... Gymnasiums.......................... Toilets and baths................. Wardrobe and locker rooms Kitchens................ ...... Dining and lunch rooms.... Playrooms.............................. Natatoriums.......................... Hospitals-- Private rooms... 1........... Private rooms (surgical). ... Operating rooms............. Ward3. ............. Kitchens and laundries.. Toilets................ ........... Bathrooms..'............... 72-74 68-72 55-65 70 65-68 66 65-70 60-65 75 72-74 70-80 70-95 72-74 70-80' Winter design temperature on a 254 percent basis is the temperature value expressed in degrees Fahrenheit at or be low which 2Zt percent of the January outdoor temperatures occur. It is suggested that this 2*4'percent basis value be normally used in Canada. However; the engineer has the opportunity of selecting the 5 or 10 percent basis value if it is not so important that the pre-selected indoor design tem perature be maintained, or on the other hand the 1 percent basis value if cost is not as important as the maintenance of indoor temperatures. INDOOR TEMPERATURES ` The indoor air temperature that must be maintained within a building is understood to be the dry-bulb temperature at the breathing line, 5 ft. above the floor, or at the seating level, 30 in. above the floor, and not less than 3 ft from the outside walls. Indoor air temperatures usually specified, vary in. accordance with the intended use of the building. Table 3 presents values that conform to good practice. The proper dry-bulb temperature to be maintained depends upon the relative humidity and air motion, as ex plained in Chapter 6. In other words, a person may feel warm or cool at the same dry-bulb temperature, depending on the relative humidity and air motion. The optimum winter Theaters-- Seating space.. ................. Lounge rooms 1...................... Toilets.................................... 68-72 68-72 68 Hotels-- Bedrooms and baths........ Dining rooms........................ Kitchens and laundries..-- Ballrooms............................... Toilets and service rooms.. 75 72 66 65-68 68 Homes................ ....................... Stores. ....................................... Public Buldings................................. Warm Air Baths... ..................... Steam Baths......................................... Factories and Machine Shops. Foundries and Boiler Shops:*. Paint-Shops............................................. 73-75 65-68 72-74 120 no 60-65 50-60 80 * Tbe moat oomfortable dry-bulb temperature to bo maintained depends on the relative humidity and air motion. These three.factors considered together constitute what is termed the tfftclio* Umptrohm. (See Chapter 6.) When relatire humidity is not controlled separately, optimum dry-bulb temperature for comfort will be slightly higher than shown in Table a