Document wq8qVqeb0vEkXRoEjQRarK48Q

54 FRANK A. PATTY THE INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE SURVEY AND PERSONNEL 55 IV. Qualifications and Training of Personnel A. ADMINISTRATIVE INDUSTRIAL HYGIENIST The necessary qualifications of a director of industrial hygiene have been previously described*4 *a*nd the educational qualifications of industrial hygienists discussed.8 The qualifications here given for an industrial hygiene administrator represent a personal opinion guided by these previous descriptions, and modified by observation and experience. The director of an industrial hygiene unit must have at least a bachelor's degree from a recognized school, and his basic education should be in science or medicine and should include chemistry, toxicology, and engineering. He should have at least five years' training in industrial) hygiene with an official health organization, or a well-staffed and diversified industrial group, including experi ence in the evaluation and control of exposures to atmospheric contaminants. If he has an M.D. or a Ph.D. from a recognized school and his education included a good representation of such subjects as biochemistry, chemical engineering, mechanical engineering, ventilation, materia medica, pharmacology, physiology, and toxicology, the experience requirement may be reduced to three years. He should be able to understand and discuss all phases of industrial hygiene and toxicology and be interested in public health and industrial relations. He should be able to set up systems for keeping records of results achieved and for planning'''future"^activitfesrHe"should ~be~`aTTavid"TeBdef'rad^houtd^devise-r' systematic bibliography of references covering the field of his interests and activities. He should be able to locate the cause of cases of industrial ill health presented by a physician, to make comprehensive analyses of health conditions in industries,-to draw adequate conclusions, and to prepare clear and informative reports for publication. He must have tact, courage of his convictions, and good judgment and must be able to address a group. He must do sufficient field work to keep the viewpoint of the man in the field, and it is necessary that he main tain a wide, personal acquaintance with the men active in promoting industrial health. He should support and attend public meetings where current problems in the field are discussed. ' B. INDUSTRIAL HYGIENIST An industrial hygienist should be able to determine the necessity of making specific studies of industrial conditions; to conduct or supervise surveys; to recognize and-evaluate harmful conditions;-to. develop .con.troLmeaaur.es.iomall. adverse situations; to prepare comprehensive reports of findings, with control recommendations; and to present verbally to management, to plant physicians, and to maintenance, production, and safety engineers the necessity and value of control measures. He should have at least a bachelor's degree from a recognized school, or 4 R. R. Sayers and J. J. Bloomfield, Am. J. Pub. Health, 26, 1087 (1936). "C. D. Selby, H. F. Vaughan, L. D. Bristol, P. Drinker, T. L. Hazlett, and P. A. Neal, Am. J. Pub. Health, 31, 728 (1941). equivalent training and experience. It is desirable that his basic education and HP-training should include chemistry, toxicology, mechanical engineering, and the Jg^.principles of illumination, ventilation, and air conditioning. He should be inter- Vi . ested in public health and have at least one year's study in a school of industrial Ltifhygiene, or a year of supervised training with a unit of industrial hygiene that yf $8^, included field surveys. ' '!'KS ' C. OTHER PERSONNEL 'i The ^ler Persons who may be found in the well-staffed units include $ - ^pec'alists whose chief qualifications or interests are in some particular part of djf 'ji-jpsi the field, such as the industrial toxicologist, industrial hygiene physician, in- dustrial hygiene engineer, industrial hygiene chemist, ventilation engineer, analytical chemist, statistician, nurse, technicians, and stenographers. The quali1SS& fications and interests of the persons comprising this personnel necessarily will ji,t(,.vary widely. While on the one hand the interests of some may cover the entire, B^ ."'eld, the interests of others may be very specific. As an example, a man with Usic education of a mechanical engineer may be classified as a ventilation engineer, an industrial hygiene engineer, or an industrial hygienist, depending 's^^^w^ipon the scope of his activities and interests in the field of industrial health. The `ame applies to the physician, the chemist, the toxicologist, the physicist, and 0'':others. Each may start as a specialist and by association, experience, " `fe^fc.,?Vai'd_'*tudy-develop-interest-in-and-knowledge of the entire field, in which case wf;j**Jfi`^inay properly lay claim to the title of industrial hygienist; if he wishes to IllljlJain identity with his earlier and basic profession, he may then use that term as J*|||,efix and call himself engineer, physician, or chemist industrial hygienist. ^erm "industrial hygiene engineer" has been used freely and loosely in to apply * every individual, not holding a/degree in medicine, who fP^fsJ/,rallcn,?d himself with, or, in some instances, expressed a .desire to align with some hygiene unit. It made little difference whether the individual had ever gN^Mited or been associated with any engineering activities so long as he could j?S|Sp.:?3(a!>e some kind of evaluation of atmospheric contamination. Such a man can more '^3$^&i!PPe^ly h called a technician or scientific aide. Unsuccessful attempts have been ^m^impos:_e___-__t_h___e_1^1e..1rm_____^__siia___n___i_t_a____r_i_ai__n_ i"t__u__p__o__n_ pe..r.s. ons eh"g.a'V'ee.d..-in i.ndustrial hygi.ene ^`iwoife-The connotation of the word suggests dealings with.the water supply, ^r,;is^}-wage, and waste disposal. Although this may be an important part of indushygiene, it is not all of it, and therefore the term is noLappropriately in- 5fcand.co.uld.properly..apply only to a specialist in the field,.industrial hygiene ''''"'"Sanitarian. J^'.y'fhe term "etiologist" has been suggested as being more specific and meaning- "iudustrial hygienist," but this word applies only to the investigation ig|g$?uses of disease and carries no implication of ability to devise and ajiply control measures. Since the industrial hygiene survey report that does "Prelude suggestions or recommendations for the control of any unhealthful ijtions found has a disappointingly flat flavor, the industrial hygienist must