Document wgE91VydD9NxJ1JaxZoo8wZ2J
1108
CHAPTER 45
1957 Guide
Table 6. Approximate Convetino Velocities
Material Conveyed
Design Velocity FPM
2,000 3,000 3.500 3,500-4,500 4.500 and over
He a93 vp c*q.?2
PLAIN DUCT END
=2-
Ha 2.2 VP DUCT, OR BETTER, L78 VP ORIFICE + 049 VP DUCT 0.55
ORIFICE PUIS FLANGED DUCT 0*ANY SLOT TYPES)
Iff
, _c* c*
He- F X VP
Q-4009AC*VVP"
F ENTRY LOU FACTOR
VP- VELOCITY PRESSURE M DUCT
SP SCATS PRESSURE AT THROAT, INS. WATER GAGE
He* ENTRY LOSS, INS. WATER GAGE
Q AIR VOLUME,CFM
A CROSS SECTION AT THROAT, SO- FT. C* COEFFICIENT OF ENTRY
ENTRY LOSS FOR COMPLICATED HOOD SHAPES L BREAK HOOD WTO SIMPLE COMPONENTS 2. CALCULATE He FOR EACH COMPONENT 3. ADD VALUES OP H
HOOP ENTRY UPSS
C062- 09
TAPERED HOOPS
FLANGED OR UNTLAMGCDj ROUND SQUARE OR REC TANGULAR. IS THE MAJOR ANGLE ON REC TANGULAR HOOOS-
cr > cni> --w4_j=p>
TAPER R, (REGAIN)
L, (LOSS)
ANCLE, FRACTION OF FRACTION OF
0CGRQE3 VP DIFFERENCE VP DIFFERENCE
W s K a
20 25
SO OVER 30
0.7 072 OS6 042 0.26 OIS 0.00 0.00
0.22 0.2 0.44 O.SO 0.72 0 67 1.00 1.00
DECELERATION LOSS L REGAIN
TAPER
L, (LOSS)
ANGLE, FRACTION OF
OCCREES VP DIFFERENCE
s O.OS
H5 006
IS OOO
20 0.10
2S Oil
30 0.13
45 0.20 60 03
ACCELERATION LOSS
ANGLE LOSS FRACTION OF VP M
DEGREES BRANCH
M O.OS IS 009 20 012 25 OIS 30 aie 36 0.21 40 0J 43 0.26 SO 032 0 044 *> LOO BRANCH ENTRY LOSS
-J EOUAULV spaced BRACKETS AS SHOWN
H- NO OF DIAMETERS
1.00 D
0.73 D 0.700
o.eso 0.60D 055 D O.SO D
0.4SD
LOSS FRACTION OF VP
0.10 018 022 0.30 0.41 0.S6 0.73 1.00
WEATHER HOOD LOSS
Fig. 2. Exhaust System Design Data13
Tapered hood data from Reference 37 Weather hood data from Reference 38
' Industrial Exhaust Systems
1109
exhaust system construction specifications and
DESIGN DETAILS1*
Correct design and competent installation of sheet steel ducts and hoods are necessary for the proper functioning of any exhaust system. The follow ing specifications are mainly those recommended in the manual Industrial Ventilation.13
General Requirements
All exhaust systems shall be constructed with the materials recommended here with and shall be installed in a permanent and workmanlike manner. The interior of all ducts shall be smooth and free from obstructions; with joints either welded, flanged, or soldered air-tight.
Materials
a. Ducts shall be constructed of black iron welded or of galvanized sheet steel riveted and soldered unless the presence of corrosive gases, vapors and mists makes use of such material impracticable. Galvanized construction is not recommended for temperatures exceeding 400 F. Welding of black iron of 18 gage and lighter is not recommended for field fabrication.
b. For average exhaust systems on non-corrosive applications the metal thickness in the following table shall be supplied.
Diameter of Straight Ducts (Inches)
Up to 8.................................................................. Over 18 to 30........................................................ Over 30..................................................................
U. S. Standard Gauge for Steel Duct
' Class I
Class II
Class m
24 22 20 22 20 18 20 18 16 18 16 14
Class 1. Includes ducts non-abrasive applications Buch as for paint spray, wood working, pharmaceutical, and food products.
Class II. Includes ducts for non-abrasive material in high concentration flow pressure pneumatic conveying); moderately abrasive material; and highly abrasive
materials in light concentrations. Typical examples are chemicals and wood dust; exhaust of foundry shakeouts and sanefhandling systems, grain dusts; coal crushing and screening; exhaust of grit blast cabinets; and grinding, buffing.and polishing.
Class 111. Includes ducts for conveying all highly abrasive materials in moderate to heavy concentrations and moderately abrasive materials in heavy concentrations as in: low pressure conveying of tobacco; and exhaust systems from abrasive cleaning
operations, rock and ore screening and crushing, dryers and kilns, and flyash from boiler stacks.
Where aluminum duct is indicated, the following equivalent B & S gage thickness of sheets should be used:
Steel--U. S. Standard Gage Aluminum--B & S Gage
26 24 22 20 18 24 22 20 18 16
c. Elbows and angles shall be a minimum of two gages heavier than straight lengths of equal diameter.
d. Hoods shall be a minimum of two gages heavier than straight section of con necting branches.
e. Where flexible piping is necessary, a non collapsible type of flexible piping shall be used and its length shall be kept at a minimum.
Construction
a. Longitudinal joints of ducts shall be lapped, and riveted or spot-welded on -in. centers, maximum.
b. Girth joints of ducts unless flanged or butt welded shall be made with lap in direction of air flow with not less than 1-in. lap.