Document wKL56QboXwm8vX2g1QD4ej8R4

FILE NAME: Saranac 7th Symposium (SSY) DATE: 1952 DOC#: SSY048 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Transcript of Discussion by Mr. Kalxykov Compensation for Disabilities and Death from The Pnemoconioses RECEIVED F.H.H&S DATEJ U L 3 t 1975 _ c ccarnrsma ras sxsibhiti aud peith M.LM n o s rsz pnniocoEiosss - soki comests *y .___. ia S rw lalaykov, A ssistant Manager, Casualty P ep artaeit, A ssociation of Casualty and fcpety Coapaaies, Fream ted a t Seventh Saranac Sjmpottam, oa . a t . E i m u laboratory, Saxauac la k a , lew Tone lie hare Just heard so w in terest!* * papers on the su bject o f eaap en aati* fo r d is a b ility and death fro the p w eaoeccioees. I t seeaa to ae most appropriate th at a t th is a eetis* the la * a l aspecU o f the p ro m o * o u ld be discussed ae v e il as the a e d ie a l. the two are so elo a ely interw oven. C ertainly in trying to fin d th e answer to Important le g a l qu estion s, fu rth er lig h t on son* iwraly a ed iea l probleas would be a o st h e lp fu l. At the case t in e , the physician today plays so itel a part in the a d a in istra tio n o f vortoen 's eospensetioa and the other le g a l p h .e ,, o f in d u stria l h eelth , that leg a l probleas, vhieh he Bust help answer, ere o f d e fin ite in te r a c t to b in a ls o . I t i t only a t m eetings such ae th is th at an exchange o f view s can be provided to au taal advantage. fc iis c lo se rela tio n sh ip bat been Bade p a r ticu la r ly evident by the speaker* t h is afternoon. Kr. fe te r s has diacnseed the meaning o f " d isabi lit y .* Ee has in d icated the le g a l d if f ic u lt ie s which the use o f th is tern ha* presented. I U proper meaning ha* proved one o f the more t r o u b l e s problem .vbich we have had to face w ith resp ect to the dust d ise a se .. Both le g is la tu r e s and the courts have attempted to d efin e i t , seld o s i f ever with conplete su ccess. V hile i t s importance fron a le g a l view point i* apparent, i t has very d e fin ite medical connotations. Soee 1*VB d e fin ite ly jOaoe upon K edical Boards o r, as in Eev l o w , C oaxittees o f Expert C onsultants, the burden o f determining d is a b ility and in sane instances the date on which i t occurs. K edical w itnesses lik ew ise might v e il be presented with th is qu estion . Before being able to determine whether d is a b ility e x is ts , i t would seen necessary th a t the physician should knov what i t i s tee ex isten ce of which be = ** determ ine. RECEIVED F.H.H&S niTF. fin S t 1979 510 b "* M.E.M I m j be wrung t a t i t u r n to ae th a t a pbysleisa night n atu rally ta Inclined to tak e, what a c j W tw a d , a pathological approach to tha problem. Ee m j have a tendency to determine tha azlttaB ca o f d is a b ility ta le ly by reference to physiological o r changes. I t la in te re stin g to a t , therefore, to note th a t both Mr. V etera and Mr. lilf la g o r hare esphasised tha ocoooxic aspects of th ia question, tha existence o f wage lo o t. They bars at* ted , o r a t le a s t im plied, th a t a tr c evidence o f lmag changes Should no t ha su ffic ie n t to e n title e person to compensation* Thera should, la addition, he a wage lo se , th a t is anatoa lcc l changes su ffic ie n t to a ffa e t the a b ility to work mad earn wages. Ia making any n ed ieel findings concerning the existence or noft-sxisteaee of d isa b ility , i t night be w all I f th is ]* y of the problem were kept la wind. I t th is p o in t, however , we eons upon tha d if fic u lt problea th a t have so ably been d ista ste d by Doctor B right - the d iffic u lty of trying to tra n sla te lung change* in to an o stin ate o f tha lose ia a b ility to perform work, i t the two ex tremes, one, l i t t l e or no lung changes, and a t tha o th er, a fa r advanced ease, the answer nay be c le a r. I t is 1a tha aore coanon in-between stages where tha d iffic u ltie s are weInly presented, both n ed ieally and le g a lly . i physician night v e il s&y th a t ha cannot be expected to know whether cr no t a wage lose e x ists. Ea can, however, ia expressing any opinion an the n estio c, o f d is a b ility , aake i t d e a r th a t ha does not have reference to the economic aspects o f tha question. I f a physician or a Medical Board sta te s th a t there is d isa b ility , the In d u stria l Cooadrsioc might v e il fe e l bound to follow th is finding even though no wage lose o x irts as nay be required by tha d efin itio n of d isa b ility in force In that state. ' bphaaiS f however, should not be placed too heavily on any one of the factors entering in to the concept of ^ d isa b ility .* Vage lo ss nay occur for reasons to tod w ith h ealth . This was p a rtic u larly evident during the depression. - 3- RECEIVED F.H H&S DATE: 4979 M.E.M ` 51* I t tb . -Ort f t - t t , that th. -- *t " * t i ^ lo ts .Iona, of . , * W t - t i l l . . to ^ t i I f * . U U t U .. I f any. " f tlh ro *U * * !***" " **" 10 __ o , h e w f tha high l m l of a^loym sat today, a ttm p U t o " > * a c c t t e e s su o e .fu H y , to . o i l . * ? o . arm though th a r. * l o t ' 11 M a l a g . . I t 1fc. I f to . much a tr* .s i s p la e * - th . q o l r e t of mage lo a a, o t t - 5-U m y h . m u to * m * r . m p a > s- U l o w , b u t m e h l o a s i s a o t t a t o a n y vO am oxf <hit dlaaesa. * * VDaid te p a rtic u la rly true i f there ehouli he . p e r i * o f .ooaomie reoeesi . That th ie U not mere id le conjecture le eridaneed by *n oeeurrene* only , three y ^ 1 i* 1 m a il foundry stepand* operation* In a w y abort t i m about claina vere file d and note vere m peeU d. Ih ie eo n atitu t . high percentage of the to ta l p e o n m l. fo rtu n ately , the foundry eooo rm p-m d ^ n ttu a ti aa tlafacto rily a d ju s t* i t t e l f . Hoeerer, fer a tin e w rioue concern vns f e lt. 1 sim ilar situ atio n m old occur C ^ e r e , poarthly * la rg e r 9oala fcetio n baa he node of two factor* in toe determination of d isa b ility , (1) incapacity to v o lt due to the diceaae, and (2 ) a re r-ltin { v aft lose, fee fu rth er question promote its e lf concerning the nature of the verb in relationship to d i e t incapacity must occur. I s i t incapacity to do any kind of w * Ie " incapacity to perform th . verb in th . l a s t occupation in viich exposed to the of the dlew ae, or is i t incapacity u ith r p c t to the la s t p lcy * = fce altarn atieee a l l haee been used in Taricus statu to ry d efinition*. Tuere are soae argum nta for und against using my one of these alU m sU ees. I f e reU U e incapacity to any sp m itU -- f e tim . tie r* is .the p o ssib ility th at nay beet to be paid exec though the employee earns higher vag in m other occupation - 4Ca-- of t h i . type h e " oeouxred. i t th e rece;vld f.h.h&s DATE: 3 1 1979_ M.E.M * ^ i r l n th a t the ^ e 1* taxable to do r k of 7 klod m 7, I f too .t t i c t l y in terp reted prodaeee hah ^ B l U . P o .rth U to . to fto ltto n found to m to o to 1 J to t<*mi to b . . p r .f i * * : . o lto w o tlw . to ew . i t n o . to - t o to to . dtoabilll* fro . i n t o * to n i s to . ooploywot to toloh to r t i p o i d to to . t o i t o . o f to . d to iw or " i d v tg e. to o t o i R lU tl< i p l o y i o t .- H i . again, h o v e n , o o to . i t t o r of ln to rp r.tattoo. to . w o rt. or to . to to .trto l to U o rt v ill how to H rtirto . ju a t to o t w i t e i to eooaidawd d t a b t o . p ractice ! ra th e r to n . .t r i c t iy le g a lie tic approach to o i i i i y . oa. a to lto r toncaap. h i prodaorf rtw o * . r W t o . to co . rta to , fo r o b * U . U b a. tocc held th a t oy v o lt m i l t r to lto r to th a t p ifo a o d a t to . tto e of tojory vac o o t'v o rt of my r a h l. ch aracter.^ T h e___ <r of d to a b ility . 't o l l . w lato d , to d i.tto e t f ro . to . n a t i o n Vtotoor w w -to atto o i n tooclc to grrntod for p a r t i s d e b i l i t y f r tor to r t d l a ..a , e f t * and perhapa o w . a p p r o p r ia te w ferw d to a . ooo-dlaahltoc .U ie o a to i aotoEtoals. Hr. H ilf in g i haa o h a le d to . orfUMoto agaln.1 doing w . f e . V ator. ha. p r a ^ to d to . to a rje w n t. toto fo r md a e ato rt. ow ttor. of to . i * t to to r t T irginto m i a m a l o t o i r ta to . of paying a .? l f i e * vhich w i l l . , to . ip to y a r of fu rto .r lia b ility 1 . of c o n tid ia b l. to to w rt. I t o ll era th a t oe on. today can m ild ly cu e.tio n to . d u r a b i l i t y ef paying co sp iactio n to todiTidaal actoally tocapadtotod frox w rtin g tocana. of a illo o .1 . or . . t o . t o r t .. th a t oay to f e a r r t, how rar, to to . ontoow t a t w ry l i g . p o tootial lia b ility , i f eo ^w aatio n w w payabl. for anatoale danger vitoont apparw t Intorfcw ae. v ito to . a b ility to vort ltd vitoout a em rtU y om tod lo a a . to la poMlWOlty 1 . not lto e ly to o u t f i t l t H f dixing p.rio d a of high 1 , u U B o l.-to rta c o 'a O c c a s io n a l Slaaaaaa lo t.* . l(a ) , tL lto o la E c ri.e i S tatu te# (1951) Cbtpier t&, $172.36(0 2. B u& tae t . Hifcgin# In d u s trie # , I n c . , U . (19U ) IB So, (2d) ?0*, s f f l i * 23 So. (2d) i5 . RECEfVED F.H.H&S 5- DATE: J U L 3 1 1979 n | H aad m&ojmmt hot m j w ! I d s i s t t a ttne^ilaB industry is le a s t able to rtand the ooet. fee d efin itio n o f d is a b ility is o f importance also la another reepeet. T ro lly workmen' eoaponoattoo laws th aw or* t i a lim it* w ithin which claim r o t he ^ T Ihese t r o l l y ran from the dato o f d is a b ility . I f d is a b ility i t doflood otherwise with ro tp oet to actu al incapacity to work, an employee may w all hie horrod when ho precast* i t . faeh o eoeo ac tu ally occurred in KLseonrl but tho court rejo eted the ecnteetioc end hold th a t actu al incapacity to vork vat Sowever, in another ease in the ease e ta te tha court reached n d iffe re n t onclucicn whew i t was a n a tte r o f computing average wages. S co u rt la th a t cane took the higher wage period oven though i t did not coincide with th e date of actu al incapacity to voxk.^ le ith e r o f these eases happen to involve dost diseases but tho principle is the sane. Ifcere i s another important asp ect of noo-disabling e ilie o sie which should n o t be fo rg o tten , th a t is tha psychological a ffe c t on the employee him self. Once labeled a s ilic o tic , ones deeaed a n titie d to cospensatiou fo r th is disease, i t is a o e t lik e ly th a t oae w ill have created an invalid v e il before an in v alid actu ally tc ris ts . in lfa c i. I , in one sp ecific ease an enployee contim ed h is reg u lar work for 24 years a f te r he f i r s t notiead synptoas of tone ailm ent.^ He had completed a f u ll normal working lifetim e of 19 years and did not -sake a c ls ir u n til he had reached the age of 72. I t sees* to ne noet doubtful whether he, h is enployer or eodcfcy, would have in any wise benefited i f he had received h is compensation cone 2 years p rio r to th a t tin e probably endin g h is useful lifetim e o f work w ell p rio r to the age he actu ally did. TBdle th is case arose on a <pie*tioa of tin e l i d t c t i o s th e fa c ts seem to ne noet in te re stin g . 3, g aith tu federated h etals Gorp.#Ho.,(1939) 153 S.b. (2d) 1112. i*. Eeafro v. Pittsburgh P late Glass Co., bo* (1959) 130 E*Y* (%&) 165* 5. Consolidation Coal Co. v . Itagan, Md. (1951) 83 (2d) 863. - i - RECEIVED F-H-HW D M fc-JU l ^ 1 1Ma- >-.JL 0 V* have d ro it a t length on the question of d iw lillty . This subject i s o doubt o f grout Importance v ith respect to tb s dost di w w t . Oar topic th is afternoon, h e w n r , I s k ro a itr. Z t re la te s to eoapensatioo fo r the pnsaiB'icocloses g en erally . Zs th is eenneetioB, Z vould lib s to eoenent an the tendency which has become m anifest in eome sta te s i s recen t je e rs , motahly le v Toric and le v Jersey, to rep eal special provisions end eafegaards re la tin g to such diseases. Of eccree socks o f these provisions sere adm ittedly tra n sito ry in n ato re. Ons can eeation, fo r example, the graduated scale o f b en efits o r escalato r elanees. Others, however, provided K>re permanent safeguards. These include provisions re la tin g to p a rtia l d is a b ility , tin e lim ita tio n s, exposure, e tc . Zn le v Tork, care vas exercised to re ta in a t le a s t some of the major o f th ese. Zn le v Jersey a sore d ra stic change vas Bade. The f u ll effe c ts of th is change ve are y e t to fe e l. Already sobs of th e ra re d iffic u lt nedicel questions concerning estd ra tes of d is a b ility have ecne p. I t Bty he v s ll t give careful consideration to a l l phases of the prohits: before too d in ette ,&!i*ery is performed. Zt should he noted th a t these provisions vere in se rted in to the lavs when the need fo r t hen became m anifest. S atisfactory experience under the operation of s lav should not be ground for change. Safeguards should not be discarded without carefu lly veighing the e ffe c t cf Fueh action curing tin e s of law as v e il as high roployuent. I f special provisions are to be retain ed , soae thought should be given as to the soope of th e ir ap p licatio n . I believe e a rlie r th is veefc some discussion vas had as to the 0f the vord pneumoconiosis." I t might be v e il to give none thought to the conditions which should because of the nature of the disease cose v ith in these special provisions. I f long exposure is usually necessary before d is a b ility m anifests its e lf , i f there is question as to the existence of p artia l d is a b ility , i f the d isa b ility is due to soae type of dust, should not the tern d n st disease be applicable^ There have, fo r example, been a number of eases of _7 _ RECEIVED F.H.H&S DATF- III! I ; 1979 , . 5-11 M-E-M ,, ^ . ___ u d 0toor t e c e x d itlo s . i s to . fcM olo t m o llo f.* , *> to to [ - '* t o t . t o x . jrorioiono be o w lieo b le to " ee of to ie tj? e regsrSU ee o f M t e eb oooiitloo e x or -- t, rfrU tlT opw teC , * te -o ^ o te is^ I t i . g rw t t e l ooi.r t o t e * * ** U t t * !TM>>`to o t t e to u x o r t o x . t e r . U t e f o r n o t e * toebnieU l a f o i x t t e bofow to u r o to b te o u to fonsd. I oosnot help thlaldac of * roooot oourt d o d o lx . lo ro ooopuootioa w o te lo d fo r fo llu r. to te upooor* to dioxide lo o t. Swro m only exposure to o llie a , toe oourt sold i s o f fs e t. A le e rro r w o r w d llj ro x d lo i 00 x h o e risg .6 " lecU letlo n to esseeroad, rose07 io wort d if f ic u lt. I t a s s t be tsoed es oousd p riseip les founded os o f i r s f --+--1 tesbcrousd. The s e e is tu e e of toe se d io tl y ro fu elo n i t ew en tlo i to th is ad* 6 . Oro.oo . Po&rcb, L riz ., (1950) 218 Pec. (2d) 875, rere ree d on rehearing * O ct. 9 , 1950, 222 Pee. (2d) 805.