Document w7R3ER9k76RKXmb13M4pyYm4

A1WUUIMJWJ i 34904 Federal Resistor / Vol. 51. NTu. 189 / Tuesday, September 30. 1986 / Rules and Peculations ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 40 CFR Part 61 IAD-FRI-3044-5) National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants: Vinyl Chlorldo; Equipment Leaks of Volatils Hazardous Air Pollutants aqkncy: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). action: Final rule. summary: The EPA proposed administrative and clarifying revisions to the national emission standard for vinyl chloride (VC) on January 9.1983, (50 FR 1182). Certain revisions to the standard are being promulgated in Subpart F through this action and. to a minor extent, in Subpart V of 40 CFR Part 81. Finally, through this action the Agency is denying the petition of the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) and the Environmental Defense Fund (EDF) which sought reconsideration of the EPA's withdrawal of the amendments to the VC standard which were proposed in 1977. EFFSCTIVE DAT* September 30.1988. Under section 307(b)(1) of the Clean Air Act. judicial review of the actions taken by this notice is available only by filing of a petition for review in the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia circuit within 60 days of today's publication of this rule. Under section 307(b)(2) of the Clean Air Act. the requirements that are the subject for today's notice may not be challenged later in civil or criminal proceedings brought by EPA to enforce these requirements. tocorporation by Reference The incorporation by reference of certain publications in these standards is approved by the Director of the Office of the Federal Register as of September 30.1988. ADDftessKS: Background Information Document. The background information document (BID) for the promulgated standards may be obtained from the U.S. EPA Library (MD-3S). Research Triangle Park. North Carolina 27711. telephone number (919) 541*2777. Please refer to "Vinyl Chloride Standard: Responses to Comments on January 1985 Proposed Revisions," EPA-450/3-80004. The BID contains: (1) A summary of all public comments on the proposed revisions and the Administrator's response to the comments, and (2) a summary of the changes made to the revised standard since proposal Dockets. A docket number A-81-21, containing information considered by EPA in developing of the promulgated leak detection and.repair plans for each revisions to the standard for VC. is VC and PVC manufacturing facility and available for public inspection between to submit'these plans to EPA for review. 8:00 a m. and 4:00 p.m.. Monday through An analysis of the plans submitted Friday, at EPA's Central Docket Section revealed that these plans varied widely (LE--131). West Tower Lobby. Gallery 1, from plant to plant. Further, some plans 401 M Street. SW.. Washington. DC were considered to be inadequate and 20460. A reasonable fee may be charged ineffective approaches to the control of for copying. -.VCteaks. FOR FURTHIR INFORMATION CONTACT! [T The incorporation of Subpart V by the For further information concerning the ! standard for VC emissions establishes \ienforcement aspects of the promulgated revisions, contact Mr. Richard Biondi. Compliance Monitoring Branch. Stationary Source Compliance Division, (EN-341), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 401M Street SW.. Washington. DC 20469. telephone number (202) 382- 2826. For further information concerning the background technical information supporting the promulgated revisions, contact Mr. Robert E. Rosensteel. Chemicals and Petroleum Branch, Emission Standards and Engineering Division (MD-13). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Research Triangle Park. North Carolina 27711. telephone number (919) 541-5671. For other information on the regulation of VC and the promulgated revisions, contact Mr. Fred Dimmick. Standards Development/ Branch. Emission Standards and / \; Engineering Division (MD-13). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park. North Carolina 27711. telephone number (919) 541-5578. ^ standardized procedures for identifying leaks of VC and for taking steps to minimize emissions and repair leaks. Further, the incorporation of Subpart V will also accomplish a standardization of the definition of what constitutes a leak for routine leak detection. However, to avoid unnecessary changes to existing plans which are effective in detecting and repairing VC leaks, the standard contains provisions whereby any facility may demonstrate through annual (or more frequent, if requested by the Administrator) performance tests that the percentage of leaking valves remains at 2 percent as an alternative to following the Subpart V procedures. An owner may continue to follow the existing leak detection and elimination program for that facility for the purpose of achieving the 2 percent performance limit. However, existing plans are no longer required, nor do they necessarily meet the promulgated requirements. SUmiMSMTARV INFORMATION: Compliance Test Procedure and Specific Summary of Revisions to the Standard Opening Loss Limit for PVC Reactors Used as Strippers The VC standard was promulgated on October 21.1978 (41 FR 46560) and applies to plants producing ethylene dichloride (EDC) via oxychlorination. plant producing VC and plants producing polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or other polymers containing VC. These plants are subject to a combination of performance, equipment and work practice requirements at numerous points in the manufacturing processes. Based on its review of the technological basis and administrative aspects of the original standard. EPA proposed several administrative and clarifying revisions to the standard on January 9.1985 (50 FR 1182). The comments received and actions taken on these proposed revisions are discussed below. Requirements for Leak Detection and Repair Programs The Federal Register notice that promulgated the current VC standard stated that VC escaping from PVC resin that has been stripped in the reactor is not intended to be included as part of the VC emissions measured under the reactor opening loss requirements. For .nonbulk PVC reactors which are used as strippers, however, no method was specified to determine what part of the VC in the vapor space of the reactor had escaped after the stripping was completed. Consequently, a method was proposed for determining the reactor opening loss that accounts for stripping in the PVC reactor for use by all nonbulk resin producers. After considering the comments on this proposed revision. EPA decided to promulgate the revision. Another proposed change in the As proposed in January 1985, VC is standard affecting PVC reactors used as being added to the list of substances strippers applied to the production of covered by 40 CFR Part 81 Subpart V, bulk PVC resins. Two separate vessels which contains regulations for leaks are used in bulk resin production, a from certain equipment in volatile "prepolymerization'' vessel and a "post- hazardous air pollutant (VHAPJ service. polymerization" vessel Under the Previously, plant owners subject to the standard promulgated in 1978. both of VC standard were required to prepare these vessels were subject to the reactor Federal Register / VoL 51. No. 189 / Tuesday. September 30. 1906 / Rules and Regulations 34905 opening loss requirements. However, an analysis of the operation of prepolymerization vessels revealed that these reactors are opened less frequently than other types of reactors, end that the determination of gross product (required for the calculation of reactor opening loss) is impractical. In January 1965, CPA proposed to apply the equipment opening loss requirements, rather than the reactor opening Ion requirements, to these PVC reactors. The equipment opening loss requirements are mare appropriate hr the operating characteristics of the prepolymerization reador venela mid do not change the overall VC --*,aJ**" control stringency applicable prepotymefizatioa resetoca. After considering the comments on (his proposed revision. EPA decided to promulgate the revision. Clarification ofDefinitions and Standards Based on the EPA's experience with administering the VC standard, several provisions of the standard are being revised to reduce any ambiguity in their implementation. For example, specific deflations of "leak." "exhaust get." and "relief valve discharge" ere being added to clarify die applicability of the provisions of the standard to each of these types of emissions. Similady. to eliminate misunderstandings about (he application of the standard to ____ purificaSon equipment following EDC and VC formation, the definitions of "EDC purification** and "VC purification** are being revised to mote dearly indicate which equipment Ie subject to the standard. Another revision being incorporated^ <into the standard makes it dear Out the 40 ppmv standard is a 3-hour average J demission limit rather than an Cinstantaneous limit The performance test provision in fi 6147(g)(1) has also been clarified to specify that test results should reflect as dose ton 3-hour average as practicable. Further, the 10 ppmv standard regulation Is being revised to spoefiy tool eB evhsaet gee streams ere oovered by tide requirement inriudlsgcuuifuldevtqo bypass streams. In older to Implement tide clarification, provtetonotoealoo being incorporated brio the rtendeid lot catenating tire TC content to bypassed emissions. A finef revision to file 10 ppmv requirement Is intended to prohibit plants from Anting a VC exhaust gee stream wftii other eitoaust gases in order to meet tin 10 ppmv Rmft. Under the revised standard, combining an exhaust stream cotitikdg more Own 10 ppmv VC wttfa another gas stream is only allowed when the combined stream is ducted to a control device. The inprocess wastewater requirements for gasholder seals are also being revised to exdude the exposed water seal of gasholders. Experience with the VC standard indicates that water contained in the exposed ureter seel of a gasholder may exceed the 10 ppmv limit daring nomutl operation end that compliance with the atmospheric exposure limit is not practicable for this source, lie inprocess waetearatar stripping . requirements, however, will continue to apply to waalewetar after removal from the gasholder seaL OtherAdministrative Mansions Other administrative revisions to the standard include: (1) The elimination of the 30-dsy ftmir tor ***Hng sources to submit requests tor the use of equivalent control measures: (2) e from semiannual to quarterly reporting of VC emissions from resin stripping, reactor openings, and exhaust gases: and (3) allowance of reporting of periods of excess emissions instead of ell measurements. Summary of Impacts to the Staadred Revisions to the standard represent administrative and clarifying rh--pr no major revisions were proposed Therefore, the environmental, enemy and economic Impacts of the original standard remain generally wrhiwjut a summary of the impacts of the original standard can be found in the to the proposed standard revisions (30 FR llgg). PuUfefotfdpattao Prior to proposal of revisions to toe standard, interested parties were advised by public notice in the Fried Register H* FR 26607, June 29.1964) of a meeting oftire National Air Pofletion Control Techniques Advisory Committee (NAPCTAC) to discuss tire revisions to Am VC standard recommended for proposal This meeting was held on August 96, MM. The meeting wee open to the puhfie end eecb attendee wee given aa opportunity to comment on As revised standard ^ rtwwswdri for proposal The revised standard woo proposedto theFodsnHU^storntotioaqfti.ynB. ' The poWlcoo--rent period wee from January t. 19B5 to March 28. yggSi A ' total of 16 comment letters warp received, hfmty ^pvr^ddhN submitted most ef tire coanenffeltere. Also coimnenflng were rtpwentatiiee of the VS. Congress, e State r e State lrpofletion agency end eh enwhumrentel group. The < have been consideredxarefully and. where determined to tie appropriate by EPA. changes have been made to the proposed revisions to the standard. Significant Comments Since Proposal Most of the comment letters contained multiple comments, (n general, the comments supported the proposed administrative and clarifying revisions. A detailed discussion of the cemsaats and responeas can be found in the BO for the promulgated fnierd. which ie referenced In too ADDRESSES section of tots preamble. The commons end responses to the BB> sreve oe too basis for the changes toot haw here made to the revised standard before propone! and prtaaulgettoa. Almost eh eorenealefe addressed the proposed revMeoo to tire reltof vote* discharge stsndeid. Although many of the commenters typed with tire action to reformat the standard, severe! commenters objected te vretoos aspects of toe discharge limits. Based on consideration of these comment!. EPA decided not to primirtgale (he proposed revision to the relief valve dschorge standard The coamreMs an (hie and other proposed revlstooo are eihhtaeeJ in detail in the BH) tor the imreeilgatoiJ standard and la nnuq to tire next section ef this preoahto One cooreenter requested recoarideretioBoftire wltotoowelof tire amendments to the tECstondsid which wereproposed to W&, TWspeUOoa tor ucnaelderetion wet baredea* w* objections totire Agency's ree oftfato oBBoetontiocoaemdctepottototoo dedetoa to wMfcfrow toe proposed amendments end to tire Agencyh determination of toe totfeaolegluol bests of tire standard. The ooameeters stated that the EPA* actions to wttitorewing the proposed amendments were inconsistent with the requirements of section 112 ef toe Clean Ah Act As discussed torther to tide preamble, tire Agency is denying tire petition far reconsideration. Proposed Berisinm totaBeTVafare. DischaegoSland^;^^^^^.. . The EPA hat deddll odVto *v promulgite ruvishwe totoe rtofrdri January 9.3986, Pi Thai different typeoftnmrertat to* tor' reUefvoteo dtecheiges. The < retain tireoitgliA i utlifVtNh < standard vtoeaMe uftreconshtoilng the wvfstoae to IfyM ofpebticomnarents and ot` pubtic crewment fevered1 revision* APnnnnTAQoa 34906 Federal Register / Vol. 51. No. 189 / Tuesday. September 30. 1980 / Rules and Regulations particular, several commenters expressed concern that preventable rei ef valve discharges would be ailcwed under the revised standard and that the performance allowed under the rex .scd standard could be inconsistent with that allowed under the original standard. Other comments expressed concern that the revised standard included no mechanism for regulating very large relief valve discharges. The basis for the statement that a large Agency resource commitment is required for enforcing the relief valve discharge standard was also questioned. As a result of these comments. EPA reviewed the basis for the recommendations that led to the decision.to propose to reformat the standard. First as discussed in the Federal Register notice proposing revisions to the relief valve discharge standard (50 FR1187). the review of the standard conducted between 1980 and 1982 found that the existing standard resulted in a significant commitment of Agency resources to the review and evaluation of discharges of VC from relief valves. Because the existing standard allows only '`emergency** discharges of VC from relief valves (i.e*. the relief valve discharge could not be avoided by taking preventative measures), every discharge must be evaluated individually to determine whether the owner or operator of the facility has implemented the measures necessary to prevent that relief valve discharge. During the 4 to 6 years since the review study was conducted, the enforcement of the relief valve discharge standard has been made more efficient This is due in large part to experience established in enforcing the standard. As e result EPA enforcement personnel consider implementation of this standard to be much less resource and labor intensive. A second conclusion from the 1980 to 1982 study was that industry did not have e dear understanding of what the relief valve discharge standard required end what measures they needed to Implement in order to comply with the standard. During the 4 to S yean since the review study, e number of enforcement actions have been taken against individual plants for violations of the standards. Those actions have culminated In consent decrees which incorporate requirements for remedial actions to prevent further relief valve discharges. The provisions of theee consent decrees have not only reduced the number of relief valve dischargee at specific plants, but they have also served as guidelines in determining the types of measures appropriate for minimizing the discharges. Because of these two developments. EPA concluded that the original findings of the review study are no longer valid and should not be the basis of a revision to the format of the relief valve discharge standard. The decision to retain the existing relief valve discharge standard aa a part of the standard for VC emisaiona is further supported by two additional advantages that the existing standard has over the proposed revisions. First, the existing standard provides that all preventable relief valve discharges are subject to enforcement action. Under the proposed revisions, which would have allowed a small number of discharges per year whether preventable or not it is possible that e plant could experience preventable discharges end still be in compliance with the standard. As pointed out in public comments, it is theoretically possible that discharges resulting from gross negligence could go unpenalized under the revisions to the standard. The EPA did not intend this effect in the proposed revisions. The retention of the existing relief valve discharge standard allows EPA to continue the current enforcement approach. Second, the existing relief valve discharge standard provides a better mechanism for regulating large relief valve discharges. The proposed revision would have allowed a certain number of relief valve discharges per year, without regard to the site or duration of the discharge. Consequently, as long as dm number of releases were within the numerical limits of the proposed revisions to the standard, there were no mechanisms in the standard to enforce control of the amount of VC discharged to the atmosphere. Under the existing relief valve discharge standard, however, the duration and size of the discharge an factors in determining the severity of e violation of the standard. As a result e plant owner or operator has e greeter incentive under the currant standard for taking action to reduce the quantity of e discharge. In summary. EPA is not promulgating the revisions to the relief valve discharge standard which were proposed in the January 9,1988. Federal Register notice. This decision wee reached after consideration of public comments received on the proposal, and after e review of the basis for the decision to reformat the standard. Because this review revealed that the burden on Agency resources has diminished as experience with the implementation of the standard Increased, and that understanding of the provisions of the existing stendardon the part of industry should be clearer. (he necessity for revising the format of the relief valve discharge standard is no longer apparent. The existing standard also has the advantages of penalizing all preventable relief valve discharges, providing better regulation of large volume relief valve discharges, end promoting continuity in the ongoing enforcement of the standard. In some instances, it may be possible for a plant operator tocontain a relief valve discharge and to vent it to e control device. Where this can be done without exceeding the exhaust gas emission limit of 10 ppav. EPA concluded that this approach should be encouraged and. therefore, the discharge should be exempt from the relief valve discharge standard. Venting the discharge through a control device can result in e 994) percent reduction in the VC content of the relief valve discharge without interfering with the control of VC emissions in exhaust gases which are also vented through the control device. Although compliance with the 10 ppmv standard would exempt the discharge from the relief valve discharge standard, exceeding the 10 ppmv standard would be considered both a violation of the 10 ppmv standard end of the relief valve discharge standard. Denial of Petitioo For Reconsideration The NRDC and EDF petitioned EPA to reconsider the decision to withdraw the 1977 proposed revisions to the VC standard. The criteria for grenthfc each a petition are: (1) The petition most be based on information that was not and could not reasonably have bora presented during the original ' rulemaking and (2) the petition amt provide substantial support for the argument that the challenged action should be changed. See Denial of Petition to Revise NSPS for Stationary Gas Turbines. 45 FR 81653 (December 1. 1980). As described below, this petition fails to meet either criterion, and it is therefore, denied. CoMiderotion ef Petition The NRDC/EDF petition tbit -i 1 reconsideration of the withdrawal wee based on four main premises, fhei r ...... NRDC/EDF objected to theH^A'a. announcement of the withdrawals Hit proposed amendments ee e final action, without being preceded by e notice which proposed the withdrawal end allowed . for public comment os the action..; Second. NRDC/EDF objected to the influence of cost considerations in fire decision to withdraw the proposed amendment stating that the of costs and benefits in the setting of the VC standard is contrary to the; -- , - Federal Register / Vol. si. No. Iflfl / Tuesday. September 30. 19f>0 / Rules and Regulations 3490?^ / r. M:iirrmenis of Section 112 of the Clean A r Act. Third. N'KDC/FUF look issue u h what it look to be the F.PA's .1-'.implion that Section 112 of the Clean A : Act establishes a requirement that a Uwel of control must have been "consistently achieved" in the past in order to form the basis of the standard. Finally. NRDC/EDF slated that the EPA's decisions on specific portions of the proposed amendments were in conflict with the evidence on those issues. In the first objection. NRDC/EDF state that the proposed amendments to the 19*7 VC standard should not be withdrawn because no notice of such withdrawal had been published and there had been no opportunity for public comment on the withdrawal. During the 8 years which have elapsed since the proposal of those amendments, there has been ample opportunity afforded for public comment and input on the amendments and their withdrawal. The amendments, their protential consequences, and the decisions that the Agency might take with regard to them were all before the public. Specifically, NRDC and EDF received draft documents relating to the rulemaking distributed prior to the NAPCTAC meeting. Finally. NRDC did not give any supporting rationale for believing that further opportunity for comment would yield any relevant new information or arguments. Therefore. EPA does not believe that additional lime.or provision far receiving further public comments could have been either necessary or helpful for the resolution of the issues involving the proposed amendments to the VC standard. The second issue raised by NRDC/ EDF involves the inclusion of cost consideration in the EPA's rulemaking deliberations under Section 112. The NRDC/EDF maintains that the language of Section 112 which requires the standard to be set at a level which provides an "ample margin of safely** to the public precludes consideration of the costa of controL In the EPA's judgment, the VC standard protects the public health with an ample margin of safety within the meaning of Section 112. and EPA may consider cost and feesibtity in setting the standard. The EPA views were explained in the 1873-78 VC rulemaking. The NRDC/EDF provided no new information on this issue. The NRDC/EDFs third-objection was the EPA was incorrect in stating that a level of control must be "consistently achieved" in order to form the basis of the standard. Specifically, NRDC/EDF pointed to the language in the Federal Register notice that TO ppmv represents the lowest level of control which has been consistently achieved" as indicating that EPA was applying such requirement in evaluating alternative exhaust gas requirements. However, the basis for EPA's selection of 10 ppmv as the VC standard for exhaust gas emissions is that this level of control is the lowest achievable emission limit attainable on a never-to-be-exceeded basis. Although 3 ppmv may be achieved by some systems over a limited time period, the existing data indicate the this level of control cannot be maintained over a long-term, neverto-be-exceeded basis, as required by the standards. In addition to being achievable on a consistent, long-term basis, the 10 ppmv standard was also determined by EPA to provide the public with the ample margin of safety required by section 112. Therefore. EPA beleives that the standard satisfies the requirements o( section 112. The final points raised by NRDC/EDF in support of the petition for reconsideration addressed three specific provisions of-the proposed amendments which were withdrawn. The NRDC/EDF stated that the withdrawal of these provisions was in conflict with the evidence before the Agency. The first specific portion of the standard addressed in the petition is the withdrawal of the proposed 5 ppmv emission limit for exhaust gas emission in favor of the existing 10 ppmv emission limit. The NRDC/EDF stated that the evidence in the record supports a finding that the 5 ppmv limit is achievable by new sources, and by existing sources within 3 years of promulgation. The petition also pointed to the more stringent emission limit not be foregone. The EPA decided to maintain the 10 ppmv emission limit for exhaust gas emission for three primary reasons. First, as stated above, the 10 ppmv emission limit has been determined to be consistently achievable by industry, whereas the 5 ppmv amission limit cannot be consistently achieved. Second, even though the limit on maximum emissions of VC is set at-30 ppmv. the average and most short-term emissions will be considerably lower than this level Third towering the emission Emit on maximum emission rates to 3 ppmv would not significantly reduce the average emissions, and therefore, adopting the lower standard was determined by the Agency not to have a significant impact on emissions of VC or. accordingly, on public health risks. The petition for reconsideration presented no new evidence relevant to the Agency's decision s withdraw the proposed 3 ppmv cmiSsiun limit. The second decision addressed by the petition for reconsideration as conflicting with the considered evidence is the withdrawal of the 5 ppmv emission limit for oxychlorination vents. The petition points to a statement in the 1977 proposal that this emission limit could be attained based on the use of oxygen as a feed material rather than air. and maintains that no discussion or evidence were presented which would justify withdrawal of this proposal In the Federal Register (30 FR IMS), evidence wss presented by the Agency supporting the conclusion that store stringent control of emissions from oxychlorination vents wss unnecessary. First, no new technological controls have been developed which are applicable to these vents. Second, the costs of incinerating oxychlorination vent streams were reevaluated and determined, as before, to be unreasonable compared to tha small reduction in VC emissions. And Anally, with the possible exception of one plant no new EDC/VC plants with * oxychlorination reactors are expected to be constructed, and any that may bs constructed wiU be adequately regulated by the requirements of new source review regulations. No saw information was presented in the petition lor - reconsideration relevant to the decision to retain the existing OBcyddorinstioo vent standard. Tha third decision whichwtiS'" addressed in the petitionfar reconsidention as conflicting wttii Em considered evidence is the withdrawal of the proposal to lower (heretideai VC limit for new dispersion retta tow- 2.000 ppmv to 300 ppmv. end fh* Umit for other new resins from 400 ppmv to 100 ppmv. The petition states that existing facilities are currently meeting the lower limits, and that both new and. existing facilities could be brought into compliance with the more stringent limits by using the equipment sad procedures currently usedby the leading facilities. ' '^ The EPA withdrew the proposed more stringent stripping Isstfiaqunepantitor two main reasons. The first Is that the nature of PVC production makes R difficult to distinguish "new* from -old" resins. Resin compositions we adjusted routinely, and completely "new" resins are rarely, if ever. made. Second. EPA concluded that there is no improved technology which would provide the basis for more stringent stripping requirements for all resins. Toe technologies which are effective for specific resina may not bo effective for ABD00076911 34908 Federal Register / Vo). 51. No. 169 / Tuesday. September 30, 19A5 / Rules and Regulations other resins. The consequence of est jlitishing a mare stringent standard we-id be that curtain hard-to-strip rev ns cnuld no longer be produced. In the EP.Vs opinion, such a result would be an unwarranted economic impact wh:ch is unnecessary to provide an ample margin of safety for public health. No new relevant information was presented in the petition for reconsideration. Administrative The docket is an organised and complete file of all the information considered by EPA in the development of this rulemaking. The docket is a dynamic file, since material is added throughout the rulemaking development The docketing system is intended to allow members of the public and industries involved to identify and locate documents so that they can effectively participate in the rulemaking process. Along with the statement of basis and purpose of the proposed and promulgated standards and EPA responses to significant comments, the contents of the docket, except for interagency review materials, will serve as the record in case of judicial review (sectioo 307fd)(7)(A)|. The effective date of these revisions is September 30.1800. Section m of the risen Air Am provides that national emission standards for hazardous air pollutanta become effective upon ~ " promnJgatfoB and appfyto all existing and new sources. As prescribed by section 112, promulgation of this standard was preceded by the Administrator's listing of VC under section 112 of the Acton December 24. 1876 (40 FR 58477}. In accordance with section 117 of the Act publication of these promulgated revisions was preceded by consultation with appropriate advisory committees, independent experts, and Federal departments sod agencies. Information collection requirements associated with this revised regulation (those included in 40 CFR Part 61. Subpart A and Subpart F) have been approved by the Office of Management sod Budget (OMB) under the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1880. 44 IL&. 3501 t and have been assigned OMB control number 0188.,The revised standard is estimated to result In e paperwork burden of about 36 persoo-yeaxa which is roughly the same as the original standard. Under Executive Order 12291. EPA is required to fudge whether a regulation is a "malar rule" and therefore subject to certain requirements of the Order. The EPA has determined that the revised regulation would result in none of the adverse economic effects set forth in Section 1 of the Order as grounds for finding a regulation to be a "major rule." The revised regulation is not major because: (1) Nationwide annual compliance costs, including capital charges resulting from the standard total less than S100 million: (2) the standard does not cause a major increase in ' prices or production costs: and (3) the standards do not cause significant adverse effects on domestic competition, employment, investment, productivity, innovation or competition in foreign markets. The EPA has submitted this rulemaking to OMB under Executive Order 12291. The Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980 requires the identification of potentially adverse impacts of Federal regulations upon small business entities. The Act specifically requires the completion of a Regulatory Flexibility Analysis in those instances where small business impacts are possible. Because this revised standard imposes no adverse economic impacts, a Regulatory Flexibility Analysis has not been conducted. Pursuant to the pravisons of 5 U.S.C. 605(b). I hereby certify that the proposed rule will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 61. Air pollution control Asbestos, Benzene. Beryllium. Hazardous materials. Mercury. Vinyl chloride. Dated: September a*. 1966 LmM. Those*. Administrator. PART 61--NATIONAL EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS For the reasons set forth in the preamble. 40 CFR Part 61 is amended as follows: 1. The authority citation for Part 61 contunues to read at follows: Authority: Sate. tot. Hi 114.lie. 101. Clean Air Act as amended (42 U.S.C. 7401. 7412. 7414. 7410. 7601). 2. Section 61.61 la amended by revising paragraphs Ok 0)> (o) and (p) and by adding paragraphs (v), (w), (xk (y). end (a) lo read as follows: H 41-61 DefWBona. ** (j) "Inprocaas wastewater? means any water which, during manufacturing or processing, comet into direct contad . with vinyl chloride or polyvinyl chloride or results from the production or use of any raw material, intermediate product finished product by-product or waste product containing vinyl chlorido or polyvinyl chloride but which has nut been discharged to a wastewater treatment process or discharged untreated as wastewater. Gasholder seal water is not inprocess wastewater until it is removed from the gasholder e eae (I) "In vinyl chloride earvice" means that a piece of equipment either contains or contacts a liquid that it a least 10 percent vinyl chloride by weight or e ges that it at least 10 percent by volume vinyl chloride as determined according to the provisions of 161.67th). The provisions of f 61.67(h) also specify how to determine that e piece of equipment is not in vinyl chloride service. For die purposes of this subpart, this definition must be used in place of the definition of "in VHAP service" in Subpart V of this part. e s (o) "Ethylene dichloride purification" includes any part of the process of ethylene dichloride production which follows ethylene dichloride formation, excluding product storage following the final finishing column. (p) "Vinyl chloride purification" incudes any pert of the procese of vinyl chloride production which follows vinyl chloride formation. (v) "Relief valve" means each pressure relief device indudfatg pressure relief valves, rupture disks and other pressure relief systems used to protect procese components from overpressure conditions. HeUef valve" does not include polymerization shortstop systems, referigerated water systems or control valves or other devices used to control How to sn tndnerator or other air pollution control device. (w) "Leak" means any of several events that Indicate Interruption of confinement of vinyl chloride within process equipment Leaks Include events regulated under Subpart V of this part such as: (1) An instrument reading of 10,000 ppm or greater measure according to Method 21 (see Appendix A af 40 OR Part 60); (2) Indications of liquid ...... dripping; (3) a sensor detection of failure of a seal system failure of a barrier fluid system, or both; and (4) detectable .. emission* as tadfoeted by as instrument reading of greater than 500 ppm above background for equipment deaijpated for no detectable antissions measured according to Test Method 21 (see..?. Appendix A of 40 CFR Part 80k Leaks also include events regulated under 161A5(bU8)(i) for detection of ambient concentrations in exeats of background ADDQOOTiOia 4: Federal Register / Vol. 51. No. Ifl9 / Tuesday. September 30. 1980 / Rules and Regulations 3-1900 iT. ncrntnition. A relief valve discharge not < U'ak.____ ____ bns any offgas :\-.e constituents of which may consist z(. ary fluids, either as a liquid and/or Cis) discharged directly or ultimately to the atmosphere that was initially contained in or was in direct contact with the equipment for which exhaust gas limits are prescribed in 9 61.62 (a) and (b): 5 61.63(a): 9 61.64 (a)(1). (a)(2). (b). (c). and (d): 9 61.65(b) (i)(ii). (b)(2). (b)(5). (b)(6)(H) and (b)(9)(H). (y) "Relief valve discharge" mean*' any nonleak discharge through a relief valve. "Relief valve discharge" does not include discharges ducted to a control system from which the concentration of vinyl chloride in the exhaust gases does oot exceed 10 ppm (average for 3-hour period), or equivalent as provided in 9 61.66. (z) "3-hour period" means any three consecutive 1-bour periods (each hour commencing on the hour). 3. Section 61.62 is amended by revising paragraphs (a) and (b) to read as follows: f 61.62 Emission standard for ethylene (chloride plants. (a) Ethylene dichloride purification. The concentration of vinyl chloride in each exhaust gas stream from any equipment used in ethylene dichloride purification is not to exceed 10 ppm (average for 3-hour period), except as provided in 161.65(a). This requirement doea not prechide combining of exhaust gas streams provided the combined steam is ducted through a control system from which the concentration of vinyl chloride in the exhaust gases does not exceed 10 ppm. or equivalent as provided in 9 61.66. This requirement doea not apply to equipment that has been opened, is out of operation, and met the requirement in 9 81.65(b)(8)(i) before being opened. (b) Oxychlorination reactor. Except at provided in 161.65(a). amissions of vinyl chloride to the atmosphere from each oxychlorination reactor are not to exceed 0.2 g/kg (04002 Ib/lb) (average for 3-hour period) of the 100 percent ethylene dichloride product from the oxychlorination process. 4. Section 61.63 it revised to read as follows: 9 im Emission standard far vinyl cMoride plants. An owner or operator of a vinyl chloride plant shall comply with the requirements of this section and 161.66 (a) Vinyl chloride formation and purification: The concentration of vinyl chloride in each exhaust gas stream from ary equipment used in vinyl prevent the discharge, and measures chloride formation and/or purification is adopted to.pfevcnl future discharges. not to exceed 10 ppm (average for 3-hour (afetripper. The concentration of period), except as provided in 9 61.65(a). This requirement does not preclude combining of exhaust gas streams provided the combined steam is ducted vinly chloride in each exhaust gas stream from each stripper is not to exceed.10 ppm (average for 3-hodr periodl^except as provided in 9 61.65(a). through a control system from which the This requirement does not apply to concentration of vinyl chloride in the equipment that has been opened, is out exhaust gases does not exceed 10 ppm, of operation, and met the or equivalent as provided in 9 81.66 requiremention 9 6l 63(b)(fl)(i) before This requirement does not apply to equipment that has been opened, is out of operation, and mat the requirement in 9 6l.65(b)(6)(i) before being opened. 5. Section 61.64 is amended by revising paragraphs (a), (b). (c) and (d) to read as follows: being opened. (c) Mixing, weighing end holding centainem. The concentration of vinyl chloride in each exhaust gas stream from each mixing, weighing, or holding container in vinyl chloride service which precedes the stripper (or the reactor if the plant has no stripper) in the plant 961.64 Emiaeion standard for polyvinyl chloride plants. I t process flow is not to exceed 10 ppm (average for 3-hour period), except as provided in 9 61.65(a). This requirement (a) Reactor. The following doea not apply to equipment that has requirements apply to reactors: bean opened, is out of operation, and (1) The concentration of vinyl chloride met the requirement in 9 6l.6S(b)(6)(i) in each exhaust gas stream from each before being opened. reactor is not to exceed 10 ppm (averages- (d) Monomer recovery eypnm. The for 3-hour period), except as provided la concentration of vinyl chloride in each paragraph (a)(2) of this section and exhaust gas stream from each monomer 9 61.65(a). recovery system is not to exceed 10 ppm (2) The reactor opening toes from each (average far 3-hour periods except as reactor is oot to exceed 0.02 g vinyl provided in 16165(a). TOs requirement chloride/kg (0.00002 lb vinyl ehloride/lb) does not apply to equipment that has of polyvinyl chloride product except as been opened, is out of operation, and provided in paragraphs (f)(1) and (f)W;. met the requirement in 16149(bM6Ki) of this section, with the product determined on a dry solids basis. This before being opened. requirement doea not apply to prepolymerization reactors in the bulk process. This requirement does apply to postpolymarisation reactors in the bulk 6 By revising paragraphia) introductory text end adding paragraphs (e)(3) and (f) to 9 6144 to read as follows: process, where the product means the grots product of prepolymerization end postpolymerlsation. 96164 Emtselsn etandwd tor potystoyt chloride ptMts. (3) Manual vent valve discharge. Except for an emergency manual vent (e) Sources following the etripperfef valve discharge, there is to be no The following requirements apply to discharge to the atmosphere from any emissions of vinyl chloride to the manual vent valve on a polyvinyl atmosphere from the combination of all chloride reactor in vinyl chloride sources following the atripperfi) (or the service. An emergency manual vent - reactorfs) if the plant has no stripperfs)] valve discharge means a discharge to the atmosphere which could not have been avoided by taking measures to prevent the discharge. Within 10 days of In the plant process flow including but not limited to, centrifuges, concentrators, blend tanka, filters. dryers, conveyor air discharges, baggers, any discharge to the atmosphere from any manual vent valve, the owner or storage containers, and fapw-- wastewater, except as provided in operator of the source from which the paragraph (!) of this section: - discharge occurs shall submit to the (1) * - * Administrator e report in writing containing information on the source, WV ' -` ' (3) The provisions of fie paragraph nature and cause of the discharge, the apply at aJl timas tncfnrtfng whan off* date and time of the discharge, the spectficatkm or other type* ofretina tin approximate total vinyl chloride loss during the discharge, the method used (f) Reactor used as stripper. When a for determining the vinyl chloride loaa nonbulk resin reactor Is used si a (the calculation of the vinyl chloride stripper this paragraph may be applied lose), the action that was taken to in lieu of 9 6164 (a)(2) and (e)(lk 34910 Federal Register / Vol. 51, No. 109 / Tuesday. September 30. 1986 / Rules and Regulations ^ v1* (r ^-^'vvejgbtcdaycruge'emi*sibrfs;oJ^ pcrldH); or equivalent as provided in maintaining the pressure between the vin>!:; ."!aridu,/rom reactgropcmngjqff and a., sourcet fi^wjiuj^reactev** used 4* * stnppwJ^otSI^U^w^^&f . polyv..-\ 9 61.60. ease 8. By revising paragraphs (b)(3). (b)(4). (b)(5). (b)(6). (bin, (b)(8). (b)(9)|ii). and two seals so that any leak-,that occurs is into the compressor by ducting any vinyl chloride between the two seals through a control system from which the reactcr on each caleddarday may not^ (c) to $ 61.65 as follows: concentration of vinyl chloride in the exceed - (.)LC: g/kg (0.00202 Ib/lbl of 96145 Emission standard for ethylene polyvinyl chloride product for dispersion polyvicyl chloride resins, excluding dtefflortdt, vinyl chloride and polyvinyl chloride plants. latex resins, with the product An owner or operator of an ethylene determined on a dry solids basis. dichloride, vinyl chloride, and/or fii) a42 g/kg (040042 ib/lb) of- * polyvinyl chloride product for all other polyvinyl chloride resins, including lstexp resins, with tha product detannined on a dry soQds basis. 7. Section 6165 is amended by polyvinyl chloride plant shall comply with the requirements of this section. (a) (b) (1) 4 66 44 W (3) Leakage from pump, compressor, exhaust gases does not exceed 10 ppm: or equivalent as provided in fdl.66. Compliance with the provisions of 40 CFR Pert 61 Subpert V demonstrates compliance with the provisions of this paragraph* [w] Reciprocating compressors. Vinyl chloride emissions from seals on til reciprocating compressors in vinyl chloride service era to be minimised by installing double outboard seals, or. equivalent as provided In 16146. If revising paragraphs (a), (b)(lj(iij and and agitator seals: double outboard seels era used vinyl (b)(2) to read as follows: (i) Rotating pumps. Vinyl chloride chloride emissions from the sesls ere to 96146 CffOarion standard for ethyieno oi0VOoBVi * - ino - - -- > - -* ctoortde pttnfb (a) Rrliefvo/re discharge. Except for an emergency relief discharge, there ia to be no discharge to the atmosphere from any relief valve on any equipment in vinyl chloride service. An emergency relief discharge means a discharge which could not have been avoided by taking measures to prevent the discharge. Within 10 days of any relief valve discharge, the owner or operator of the source from which the relief valve discharge occurs shall submit to the Administrator a report in writing containing information on the source, nature and cause of the discharge, the date and time of the discharge, the apprmtaale total vinyl chloride toes during the discharge, the method used for detomining the vinyl chloride loss (the calculation of the vinyl chloride loss), the action that was taken to preveot the discharge, and measures adopted to prevent future discharges. emissions from seals on ell rotating .. be minimized by maintaining the pumps in vinyl chloride service are to be pressure between the two seals so that minimized by installing sealless pumps, . any leak that occurs is into the pumps with double mechanical seals or compressor, by ducting any vinyl equivalent as provided in I 61.66. If chloride between the two seals through double mechanical seals are used, vinyl a control system from which chloride emissions from the seals are to concentration of vinyl chloride in the be minimized by maintaining the exhaust gases does not exceed 10 ppm: pressure between the two seals so that or equivalent as provided in | 01.66. any leak that occurs is into the pump: by Compliance with the provisions of ffe ducting any vinyl chloride between the CFR Part 61 Subpart V demonstrates two seals through a control system from compliance with the provisions of this which the concentration of vinyl paragraph. chloride in the exhaust gases does not (v) Agitator. Vinyl chloride eimsswma exceed 10 ppnc or equivalent as from seals on all agitators in vinyl provided in 161.66. Compliance with thie chloride service ere to be by provisions of 40 CFR Part Subput V installing agitators with double demonstrates compliance with the mechanical seels, or equivalent as . - provisions of this paragraph. provided In 16146. if doubts * (ii) Reciprocating pomp*. Vinyl mechanical seels an used vinyl chloride emissions from seels on ell chloride emissions from tha seals ars to reciprocating pumps ia vinyl chloride be mmimiwri by maintaining too sendee are to be minimized by installing pressure between the two seals so that double outboard seals, or equivalent as any leak that occurs ia into tha agitated provided ia 16146. If double outboard vessel: by ducting any vinyl eeela are used, vinyl chloride emissions between the two seals through a control from the seels are to be minimized by system from which the concentration of (b) * * * maintaining the pressure between the vinyl chloride in the exhaust gases does (1) * * two seals so that any leak that occurs is not exceed 10 ppm: or equivalent as (0 into the pump: by ducting any vinyl provided ia 161.66. (ii) Any vinyl chloride removed from a chloride between the two seals through (4) Leaks from relief raives Vinyl loading or unloading in accordance a control system from which the chloride amissions dua to leaks from with paragraph (b)(l)(J) of this section is concentration of vinyl chloride in the each relief vahrs on equipment In vinyl to be dudted through a control system exhaust gases does oot exceed 16 ppm; chloride carries shall comply with from which the concentration of vinyl or equivalent as provided in 16148. 9 ei.242-4 of Subpert V of thia part. chloride to the exhaust gases does not Compliance with the provisions of 40 (5) tdaaeal venting ofgasee. bieept es exceed ID ppm (everage for 5-hour . CFR Pert 61 Subpert V demonstrates provided in 9 61.64(a)(3). all gases which period), or equivalent as provided In 16146. compliance with the provisions of this paragraph. .. are manually vented from equipment in vinly chloride service are to be dueled (2) Slipgauges. During loading or (lii) Rotating amprmeor. Viayi through a control system from which the unloading operations, the viqyj chloride chloride emiseinne from seels on ell concentratton of vinyl chloride tothe emissions from each slip gauge in vinyl rotating compressors in vinyl chloride exhaust gases does not exceed'W ppm chloride service are to be minimized by service are to be --***--A by installing (average far frtour pmtodfc ducting esy vinyl chloride discharged compressors with double mechanical equivAntes provided to 16146: ^ from the riip gauge through e control seals, or equivalent as provided is (6) Opening ofequipment Vinyl system from which the concentration of (6146. If double mechanical seels ere chloride emissions from opening of vinyl chloride in tha exhaust gases does used, vinyl chloride emissions from the equipment (Including prepotyraerUstlua not exceed 10 ppm (average hr > hout * seals art to be minimiTM*! fry reaetoa osed to the mannfarridt ofWk T ABPOQO?6944 / Federal Register / Vol. 51, No. 189 / Tuesday. September 30. 1986 / Rules and Regulations rcsi5r*and loading or unloading lines that are not opened to the atmosphere alter each loading or unloading operation) are to be minimised as folio**: ft] Before opening any equipment Cor any reason, the quantity of vinyl chlor.de which rs eootmned toeroto is to be reduced to an amoant which oocapiaa a volcane of no more than 10 pewanl of the equipment's eonftabuoanf wrfwue or 0.0956 cubic owterepSgaBetert whichever is larger, et Haibsd temperature and pressure. (ii) Any vinyl chforido removed hem the equipment in euunfems wMb paragraph (b)(8Ui) of this seetto* Is to be ducted tfrroogft a eontroi q'liut here which the concerttreffon of vhtyf chloride hr the exhoast gases doea net exceed 10 ppm (average ford-bow period): or equivalent es provided In I 01.66. (7) SampRso. Unused portions of samples contammg at hast 10 percent by weight riny) chloride are to be returned to the process ordesfroyed hi a control device from which aamMlai of vfajri chforido far the axhaeat gra does not exceed 10 ppafaverage far ghirei period) or equivalent a* ptoaidad to IWJS Sampling techniques are to ha sad* that sample containers in vinyl clierideaorvfcooee praged intos dosed pcocons system. Cbmpfianco retft ftp provireoas of4CK7R Part 01 Stopart V demowatratoo eomploaca with the (8) Look dettetfonand aflndbntkm Vteyt chloride --irsinws don to leaks from equipment to vtayl chloride revvica are to he mintmiaed as foilowe 0) A reliable and accurate atoyl chlorate monitoring system afaall be operated for detection of major leaks and identification of (he general ana of the ptont where a leak la located A vinyl dtioride monitoring system naans . a device which obtains air samples from one re more pools on a coatimeoue sequential basis and analyst* ton ' samples with gas chromatography ar. if the owner or operator sss--as that all hydrocarbons measured an vinyl fKtmhfa with, infrared spectrophotometry, flame Ion detection. or an equivalent oralteraaffva method The vinyl chloride moattostefi shall be operated according to a *r *ptt1 {{^or opreatre. Tin owner or i r shall sobndl adsaulptfaB rff the Atonfrdttrafor eSactto* data of these nmdattare unlssa a waiver ofcompaonet Is mated under f 61.11. r*program boobere appswved aid the AMMatodaen not inquest a review of the | Approval of s program will be granted and for establishment and verification of by the Administrator provided he finds^__Mlibralion standards are to be followed. (A) The location and number of pomp^(ii) Famobprocess uni* subject to: to be monitored and the frequency of this subpari s tornisl lesk detection sad monitoring provided for in the program repair program shall be implemented/ are acceptable when they ore compared consistent.with Subpart V of this part with the nomber of pieces of equipment] except as provided in paragraph... , ^ in vinyl chloride service and aiaa end I (b)toXIM) <f tote saettaaThle proper* to physical layout of the plant. ] to be implement** witbte day* of toe (H) ft mnliin* Ilffolk / effective date af there ngutettoo* which is acceptable when compared / anises ewetereef oompUaac* isgnatad with tha background concentrations off underftSUft Riceplan proridodte. vinyl chloride in tha enaa of the plant to pen^S^^totoaitfiM baaanitnmdfry tea vinyl eftfoefcte V) monitoring system. Mnawinmenf of V rnSaMM^injaa-y (aL fhk ud fok KagkpwW rmiiwitWfam fit wfaiyf l10wUa46n. iaDnBd e16sLm24r7 roef iSubpart Vaf chloride in tha areas of the plant to ha monitored by the vinyl chloride this pari for any crecasa, init to which / [leaking vahraeie . monitoring system act to be inrhidnrl rinmnaaOeted, tfo bablrea*sitore ft* with the description of Ae program. Tin percent aa determined to accnrdwire definition offaak for a given phot may with tea fottowiag vary among (he Afferent areas wfihte fA) A ptotewn toet an specified to the plant and is also to change over tone pengraph (blWOm ef tote sedtate as background concentrations (a toe shtel ha credited tafttofiy witoto 96 plant are reduced daye af tha effective dote of there (C) It contains an acceptable pha of action to be taken whan a leak to regulation* amatoy. sad at limes n Mamed hj tha ftilinlelaliatnr detected (B) Fat each perfocmeofis tom.a (0) It provides for an acceptable minimute afnateprete. calibration and maintenance sc&adbln iilibhi-- b bra nf too Uriel irehrre in for the vinyl chloride mnniInring eyelet VOCstevire (re defined to ft fiMfilsf and portable hydrocarbon detector. Far Subpait W of Pori 80) wtehte the tha vinyl chloride monitoring system, a process unit shall be randomly salaried daily teas chads is to be comforted wflto and msalteNd wttfato 1 woekby toe a concentration of vinyl chloride oqiml methods specified to 161JUafbftaf tote to the ccncanteatimdaffoadee abaft according to paragraph tbfiHflgn of this section. The calibration is to bo dona with tetoen U) A ctoifartetoo gas mixture papered from thngtete apadfiadte aotetaon &21.aadUX ofTeal Method 106 and in aerredenre with wrtim71 ofTote Method 106. or [2] A calibration gas cylinder standard containing the appropriate onnoatretton af vtoyi rhtorido The gee ppm or greater ie measured, a Ieoh to detected The leak percenter shall be determined by totofef too i valves In VOC sendee for whhto' era detectedby too i valve* te TOC i (Q If* baft to detected*to repaired in aecanfoteeawfto ft < (d) end (ef efSabptef ef f (O) Tha reotoe oftea i atari! be submitted to wvHtogto tha comporiflete el ton calitotfkm gee cylinder etoodatd to to have baem certified by too maoaiecteera.Tb* Admtafetraterto toe report foflowtogtoo j peri d toa raporitog req*framente of |01.*fc mtem shell Ufa for sack eyitedw as that tha rearOration doan i greatre ten flparaaal bare tote certified value. TM date of gan cyfiadra preparation, certified vinyl chloride . (E) Any preeere an*to wftlto too percentage efbaktogviNni bf--dto be greetar than ZO pareateaccarto^ to the perfoRDonca tam praaerihndlm' paragraph (bN6KUNB)aftotoaamtoi . iarif Ufoi fratetha gas chromatograph to chloride mixtuna Mteodltelte smiteimdTte for Subpad V aftofa part wflftfoflD thy* W whirl nparatefovfayltobmde: lest then10 percoDtofAa ten an. exempt from toe requframeste of 161.242-6 of Subpart V. provided Ad opeiMnded valvea or Uaan a rwyiiiei by pnramted gilWBrftoto sectfom The AtodBbtatae may apply 34912 Federal Register / Vol. 51. No. 189 / Tuesday. September 30. 1906 / Rules and Regulations this exemption to-olher^Utiosj9j3i^ ended valvesofJl^.ti^Ma^g^-^ demonstrated to require significant^ retrofit cost to comply.witfr4Ke* requirements of I SubpartiV. (9) (ii) Any vinyl chloride removed from the inprocess wastewater in accordance with paragraph (b)(9)(i) of this section is to be ducted through a control system from which the concentration of vinyl chloride in the exhaust gases does not exceed 10 ppm (average for 9-hour period); or equivalent as provided in ISL0& (c) The requirements in paragraphs (b)(1)* (b)(2). (b)(5). (b)(9). (b)(7) and (b)(6) of this section are to be incorporated into a standard operating procedure, and made available upon request for inspection by the Administrator. The standard operating procedure is to include provisions for measuring the vinyl chloride in equipment 4.75 m* (1,250 gal) in volume for which an emission limit is prescribed in i 9l.A5(b)(6)(i) after opening the equipment and using Test Method 106, a portable hydrocarbon detector, or an alternative method. The method of measurement is to meet the requirements la 191.67(g)(5)(i)(A) or (gH5)(i)(B). a Section 61.96 Is revised to read as follows: I sue rrpgvriret m^wni an< Upon written application from an owner or operator, the Administrator may approve use of equipment or procedures which have been demonstrated to his satisfaction to be equivalent in terms of reducing vinyl chloride emissions to the atmosphere to those prescribed for compliance with a specific paragraph of this subpari 10. By revising paragraphs (f). (g)(l}(l). (g)(2). (g)(3) introductory text (g)(3)(ij, (gXSKtii). (g)(5) introductory text and by (gXSHii) adding paragraphs (g)(6) and (h) in 161.67 as follows: later imunaw (f) The owner or operator shall retain at the plant and make available, upon request for Inspection by the Administrator, for a minimum of g yean, records of amission teat results ana other data needed to determine emissions. (g)* * (1) * * * (i) For each nut one sample Is to be collected. The sampling site is to be at least two stack or duct diameters downstream and one half diameter upstream from any flow disturbance such as a bend, expansion, contraction, or visible flame. For a rectangular cross section an equivalent diameter is to be determined from the following equation: equivalent diameter*2 (length] (width)/ length* width The sampling point in the duct is to be at the centroid of the cross section. The sample ia to be extracted at a rate proportional to the gas velocity at the sampling point The sample fa to a minimum volume of 50 liters corrected to standard conditions and la to be taken over a period as dose to 1 hour as p racticable. (2) Teat Method 107 or Method 60T<*;-(incorporated for reference as spedfied~< in 161.16) is to be used to determine the concentration of vinyl chloride in each inprocess wastewater stream for which an emission limit is prescribed in 161.65(b)(0)(i). (3) When a stripping operation is used to attain the emission limits in 161.64 (e) and (ft, emissions are to be determined using Test Method 107 at follows: (i) The number of strippers (or^ reactors used es strippers) and samples and the type* and grades of resin to be sampled are to be determined by the Administrator for each individual plant at the time of the test based on the plant's operation. (H) * - * (iii) The corresponding quantity of materiel processed by each atitppei (or reactor nod as a stripper) Is to be determined on dry solids basis and by a method submitted to and approved by the Administrator. (iv) (4) * (5) The reactor opening loss for which an emission limit is prescribed in 161.64(a)(2) Is to be determined. The number of reactors for which the determination is to be made is to be specified by the Administrator for each individual plant at the time of the determination based on the plant's (ii) A calculation based on the number of evacuations, the vacuum involved* and the volume of gas in the reactor is hereby approved by the Administrator as an alternative method for determining reactor opening lots for postpolymerisation reactors hi the manufacture of bulk resins. Calculation methods based on techniques other then repeated evacuation of the reactor may be approved by the Administrator for determining reactor opening lots for postpolymerization reactors in the manufacture of bulk resins.(6) Foo-ereector that is used as s stripper, the emissions of vinyl chloride-' from reactor opening loss and all sources following the reactor used as a stripper for which an emission limit is prescribed in 161.64(0 era to be determined. The number of reactors for. which the determination is to be made is to be specified by the Administrator for each individual plant at the tima of the determination based on the plant's operation. (i) For each batch stripped in the reactor, tha following measurements are to be made: (A) The concentration (ppm) of vinyl chloride ia resin after stripping, measured according to paragraph (g)(3) of this.eection; (B) The reactor vacuum (mm Hg) at end of strip from plant instrument: and (C) The reactor temperature (*C) at end of strip from plant instrument (ii) For each batch stripped In the reactor, the following information is to be determined: (A) The vapor pressure (mm Hg) of water in the reactor at end of atrip from the following table: Roacw *nr MW OMO rej WO wreear re (me H* Merer --re MM ro wo re* Ore H* tssr rQ wo P* M* (mo H 40 SSJ 41 sea s Hi 43 u 44 MJ 4S 7tJ 4S 794 47 TVS 4A S3.7 4S sao iu SI Pi S3 10S.1 S3 1070 54 ms SS 11*4 SS 1234 57 12S4 so imi ss 1434 SD 143.4 SI ISM St ISM a 1714 4 1714 SS 1S7J m 1*11 S7 S084 as 2144 at 2217 TO m.7 T1 2434 72 2944 73 206.7 74 2774 *9 2S0.1 TO 301.4 77 114.1 TO 3274 TO 3414 SO mi SI mr ss 3S44 a 4004 494 4104 so 4334 ss 4004 37 400.7 S9 407.1 SS S011 SO 5250 1 5400 02 mo 03 SOSO 04 0100 M OSS M 6570 07 003.1 00 707 3 to 7332 too 7600 (B) The partial pressure (am Hg) of vinyl chloride in reactor at end ofstrip from the following equation: PPVC- 7Q0-RV-VPW where: PPVC*pafUal pressure of vinyl chloride. In DUB Hg . 7M*atmosphedc presure at OX. in am Hg RV*abeoluta vahw of reactor vacuum, in mm Hg VPW-vapor pressure of weter. in on Hg - (C) The reactor vapor space volume at and ofatrip from this following equation: .. ABD00076916 Federal Register / Vot. 51. No. 189 / Tuesday. September 30. 1906 I Rules and Regulations x 34313 PVCW RVSV^RC^AW------------ . 1.400 RVSV reactor Tipor space votume. inn* RC> reactor capacity, in m* WV volume of water in reactor froa recipe, iam* PVCW a dry waighi of polyvinyl chloride in reactor from recipe, in kg 1.400 typical density of polyvinyl chloride, in kg/m* (iii) For each batch stripped in the reactor, the combined reactor opening loss and emissions from all sources following the reactor used as a stripper is to be determined using the following equation: fPPVC)(RVSVHl,00gT* 3 c-pPMvexurv {PVCWM2n+RT) wbare: Cg voyf chlorideAg polyvtayt chloride product PMVC* concentretrio of vfnyt chfaride to rests after eerppfng ts pps W*eeitverewjw factor far ppm PPVCpseriat pressure af vhiyt cUwWi deteentined awarding to pangnpb teMffltiiHB} ri tkie seciien, in mm Kg RVSV mraactoi vapor space voiuaaa datacssinad according to paragraph (8)(8)fii)(C) of (hia section. ia m* 1.002-idsaf gas coasfaat ing-- TC/wn Hg-m*for vinyl ddortde PVCMr--dry weghr i polyvtapl efthshri fa reaetna tram lacipa. is hg 27>-cee*aaiQe lector is `C to *IC RT reactor temperature, in `C (h)(1) Bach piece of equipment within a process unit that can reasonably contain equipment in vinyl chlorine service is presumed to be in vtnyf ddaride service unless an owner or iqwrstor demonstrates that the piece of equipment is not in vinyl chloride sends* For piece ofequipment la he considered not in vinyl chfeefds asrvta** it most be determined that toe parent vinyl cMoride content can be reesanferiy expected noMeesreed riprod by weight for liquid streams or contained liquid volumes and M percent by vafem* far gBf streams or contained ps vohimes, which also includes gas volumes above liqefd sheains or contained liquid rnienrs Fee purposes of defteresming the pirrato vinyl rriniiris content of thn peocnas Add thus ia contotoed to *r contacts oqpripmanl procedwaetonteanfcmn to ton method* described in ASTM Method T* nf" (incorporated by reference aa specified in | Plug) shall be used. (ZRJJ Aa owner or operator mayon engineering fudgmeot rafter ten the procedures in paragraph (h)(1) ofAft section to tkmsnnnta that the percent vinyl chloride content does not exceed 10 percent by weight for liquid streams and 10 percent by volume for gas JudgBBll ; that the vbqrl chloride content clearly does not exceed 10 percent When as owner or operator and the Adretafearutarde oat apes on whether a piece of eqtopnrenl is not in vinyl chloride service, howevsr. tin procedures in pmjpaph (h)(1) of this section shall be used lo resolve dm disagreement (it) If an ewrier ce operator "frr* that a price of aqaipmaat ia in vinyl chloride service, the detondnation can be revised only after following the procedarea ia paragraph (h)(1) of this sectian (3) Samples used in. determining the percent vinyf chloride content shall be representative of the process fluid that is contained in or contacts the equipmeto. 11. By adding paragraphs (dX fe) and ff> to | 61.66 as follows: HMt fwrimn mendortng. (d)Whenexhaust ge*(esX having emisaie* limits that era subftri to the reqahanot of paragraph fa) of thin section, are emitted to the atmosphere without passing throegh the cuntrof system end required vtnyt chloride, monitoring system, (he vinyl chloride content of the emission shall ba calculated (in unite of ench applicable emrieion host) by best psectiicai engineerrig judgment baaed an the discharge deration and known VC concenftntfcaato fee affected equipment aa determined fin eccontatca with 1SL^hj or other acceptable . meAod. (ejFareaahh-temrpmhnLthevriyl ftereqriw--ri af pnisypha fa) tod (d) ofSdfsacflbnshaB ha averaged (weighted according to Aeproportion of time thtaaBrinrtonnriuneciiltaaixreto monitored reporting 5 6UB(e#D. (f) For cachyVinytchloridp emission to the atmfijSnnSSOeMPiiinedfaT~ accosdtotpcwnh paragraph (e) of this--^ section 10 be in excess of the applicable emission limits. As owner or operator' shall record the identity of the source(s). the date. time, and duration of the excess emission, the cause of the excess emission, and the approximate total vinyl chloride loss during the excess emission, and the method used lor datormtatog the vinyl chloride leas. This information shell ha retaiaad aad awte available for inspection by the Administrator as required by 161.71(a). 12. In i 0L70 by revising the section title flea "Semiannual report" to 1 Q- ---a Df iVm -^-p- V^ipB,1 f (>. (c)(1). (cM2) Introductory (ext (c2)(ui). IcMWlv), (OUMv). (c)(2)(vi) introductory text and (e)(3) and also by adding (efff) to retd fbflbwr fto.it Wsarrito (a)(1) Tha owneroroperator of any source to which this subpart applies shall submit to tha Administrator on Much 15, {una U. September 15. aad December 15 of eadh year a repast to writing contotoi^ the ioiaamtori restored by ids aacttan. The firat report is to be submitted toSowing Aefires full 3-montk wpntg period afrir toe riBal report ie nbmtttcd. the approved reporting eehstods shad he be submitted aacdy Srectotelritowfcg deconatiriBrito^Aa (c) * * (1) The awMsar operates shaft include in thn repost a record at tha vinyl chloride content of aousatoea Car each Vbora parted during which avesagi emission* am to excess ofthe limits in ft 6L62 (a) et (hft 1SU3(s). or f to.64 iohlh (bK (c). os (dV v during which overage emiaaians are to sxcem of Ae amission limits specified foe aay control system to which reactor emission era reqatosd tobnductodhi 16l44(aK2}a towhich fagtftoe nrinswt srt rtqrirad hr ht total to 1 L6fifbdim. tm. (bhv os fblQWThn nerehietal hwr pssrida drieriainaddeSgdtoregarttnipiriad shMba*astatK*irieatasuM of the eniaria* Matte as* notdetecridk Tbaarisrianerentobadrtremtaerihh^ accordance wtth ftfLMtoft, (2) In pedyvtoylcUreide plants fire whririost^paegoperafeteriusad to | tLflfi^ ton eomar er agenSrrila 34914 Federal Register / Vol. 51. No. 189 / Tuesday. September 30. 1986 / Rules and Regulations include in (he report a record of the vinyl chloride content in the polyvinyl chloride resin. (ii) * (iii) Thevfny! chlartdeconteni in each sample it to be determined by Test?*' Method 107 as prescribed in 181.67(g)(3); 3 (iv) [Reserved] (v) The report to the Administrator by the owner or operator is to include a a ZPq,Moi i-1 Poi Mqi + P Mot+ qT where: A-24-hour average concentration of type T resin in ppm (dry weight betis) Q Total production of type T resin over the 24-hour period, in kg. T-Typeof resin. M--Concentration of vinyl chloride in one aemple of grade Gi resin in ppm. P--Production of grade Gi min represented by the sample, in kg. Gi-Grade of min; e.g~ CL G2. C3. n-Total number of grades of resin produced during the 24-hour period. The number of 24-hour average concentrations for each resin typo determined during the reporting period hell be reported If no 24-bour average ream vtoyi chloride concentrations in excess of the limits prescribed in 61.04(e) ere mssiujed dm report shall state that no excess min vinyl chloride concentrations ware measured (vi) The owner or operator shell retain at the source and make available for inspection by the Administrator for a minimum of 3 years records of all data needed to furnish the information required by paragraph (c)(2)(v) of this section. The records are to contain the following information: (A) * CB) * * (3) Hie owner or operator shell include in the report e record of any emissions from each reactor opening la excess of the emission limits prescribed in 16144(a)(2). Emissions ere to be determined in accordance with 16147(g)(9). except that emlsshms for each reactor are to be determined. The number of reactor openings during the reporting period shall be reposted If emissions in excess of the emission limits an not detected the report shall include a statement that excess emissions have not been detected (4) la polyvinyl chloride plants for ' which stripping la tbs reactor Is used to' attain the emission level prescribed (a record of any 24-hour average resin vinyl chloride concentration, aa-^? determined in this paragraph, in excess of thVlimits prescribed in f 61.64(e). The vinyl chloride content found in each sample required by paragraphs (c)(2)(i) and (c)(2)(ii) of this section shall be averaged separately for each type of resin, over each calendar day and weighted according to the quantity of each grade of resin processed by the stripperia) that calendar day. according to the following equation: 16144(0, the owner or operator shell include in the report a record of the vinyl chloride emissions from reactor opening low and all sources following the reactor used es e stripper. (i) One representative aemple of polyvinyl chloride resin is to be taken from each betch.of each grade of resin v immediately following the completion of the stripping operation, and identified by resin type end grade end the date and time the batch is completed. The corresponding quantity of material processed in each.stripper batch is to be recordedjgLtoenjifiediby resin type and gradeancMhe date and time the batch is completed. (ii) The vinyl chloride content in each sample is to be determined by Test Method 107 as prescribed in { 61.67(g)(3). (iii) The combined emissions from reactor opening low and all sources following the reactor used as a stripper are to be determined for each batch tripped in a reactor according to the procedure prescribed in 16147(g)(6). (iv) The report to the Administrator by the owner or operator is to include e record of any 24-hour average combined reactor opening lots and emissions from all sources following the reactor used as a stripper as determined in this paragraph, in excess of the limits prescribed in f 6144(f)* The combined reactor opening loss and emissions from all sources following the reactor used as a stripper associated with each batch are to be averaged separately for each type of resin, over each calender day and weighted according to the quantity of each grade of resin stripped to reactors that calendar day as follows: For each type of resin (suspension, dispersion, latex, bulk, other), the following calculation is to be performed: n IPoAs 1-1 Ar Or PffCgj-fPC + . . . +P<toC -- where: A-24-hour average combined reector opening loee end emiselons from ell sources following the reector used u e tripper, in g vinyl chloride/kg product (dry weight basis). Q--Total production of resin in batches for which stripping is completed during the 24-bour period in kg. T-Type of resin. C -Average combined reactor opening toe* and emission* from all eourcee following the reector used as a stripper of all batches of pads G| resin for which stripping is completed during the 24-hour period,.in g vinyl chloride/kg product (dry weirid basis) (determined according to procedure prescribed In 16147(g)(6)). P-Prodnction ofmade Gi reeto to the batches for which C is determined to kg. Gi-Grade of reeto eg. Gi, G*. and G*. a-Total number ofgrades of recto to batches for which stripping is completed during the 24-hour period The number of24-hour averega minions determined during the reporting period shell be reported. If no 24-hour average combined reector opening Joss end emissions from ell sources following the reector used e stripper in excess of the limits prescribed to 161.64(f) are determined the report shall state that no excess vinyl chloride emission were determined 11. By revising paragraph (a) introductory text of 161.71 as follows: 141.71 Recordkeeping. (a) The owner or operator of any source to which this subpart applies shell retain the following information at the source end make it available for inspection to the Administrator for e minimum of I yean: 14. By revising paragraph (e)(4) and adding paragraph (bHl) to 161.16 as follows: | vliV t W (4) ASTM D22S7-M (reapproved 1976) Aromatics to Light Naphthas and ABD00076918 federal Register / Vol. 51. No. 1fl9 / Tuesday. September 30. 3986 / Rules and Regulations 34915 Aviation Gasoline by Gas Chromatography. IBR approved June 6. 1984. for 61.245(d)(1) and IBR approved September 30.1986 for 61.67(h)(l). ,I (b) The following material is available from the U S. EPA Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory. Cincinnati. Ohio 45268. (1) Method 601. Test Method for Purgeable Halocarbons. July 1982. IBR approved September 30.1986 for f 61.67(g)(2). 15. By revising the definition "volatile hazardous air pollutants" in 61.241 of Subpart V to read as follows: } ei.241 Definitions. "Volatile hazardous air pollutant" or "VHAF* means a substance regulated under this part for which a standard for equipment teaks of the substance has been proposed and promulgated. Benzene is a VHAP. Vinyl chloride is a VHAPr* 16. By revising the definition of "connector" in f 61.241 of Subpart V as follows: 81.241 Definitions. "Connector'^neansfianged. screwed. wpldgd nod to connejtfBUiro pipe lines or a pipe line and a piece'of equipment. For the purpose of reporting and recordkeeping, connector means flanged fittings that are not covered by insulation or other materials that prevent location of the fittings. 49 {FR Doc 66-22032 Filed 9-29-6* 8:45 am/ snxMQ coos * .r *