Document vyL81Y8XQ73nXYOBdJoNQjXa8

i Our I technical/ We make organic chemicals, basic to the needs of many industries. More of some of them than anyone else in the world. So we're strongly disposed to provide the best possible technical data on applications and economics. Take solvents, for example. We con ducted in-depth studies to develop solvent systems meeting or surpassing the restrictions of all existing air pollu tion control regulations. And introduced ;\v,,:tteemmppeejrament., aas modify price erence for one of the most useful solvents, (Acrylic and Methacrylic Based.)" cyclohexanone. And more. Much more. We're sure they will never become best We have lots of data on cosmetic ap sellers. Because they are free. plications of 1,3-Butylene Glycol. And Our technical temperament leads to an imposing stack of the most sophisti constantly better products. And better cated studies on monomers and emul service to our customers. Worldwide. sion polymerization. With such Celanese Chemical Company intriguing titles as "Water Soluble a division of Celanese Corporation. I /////\ \ \\\ \ \ \ W\W\\ \ i V ' ' X'.'- C ' t: * 'v/, '-sV.Vv"'`.W;' N-->"V. / - \ : l , - \' 'i - ' > -~ I B'oM j i i \ \ \ \ > \ *. !* ^i\ V\i V\\Y\\\\N N/'-X \ \ \ \\\V ^CELANESE GOODRICH-GULF CHEMICALS, INC HAS CHANGED ITS NAME TO Ameripol is not, in itself, a new name; in fact, it is one of the oldest, best known and respected names in the synthetic rubber and petrochemical industries. Ameripol is derived from the words AMERIcan POLymer and was the original name of the first American made general purpose synthetic rubber. All of our synthetic rubber products -- Ameripol SBR, Ameripol CB and Ameripol SN -- and AmeripolTM petrochemicals -- isoprene, butadiene and tertiary amylenes -- bear the name. Our new name is a familiar one; better yet, it's a name that has been, is, and will continue to be the first name in man-made rubber. C&EN 1 STLCOPCB4058936 A BURNING QUESTION! Z C&EN ATOMIC ABSORPTION OR FLAME EMISSION? Some elements are best analyzed by atomic absorption - others including alkali metals, boron, uranium and the rare earths by flame emission. The IL Model 153 Absorption-Emission Spectrophotometer analyzes elements with either technique simultaneously. No need to compromise. Dual channels of double beam spectroscopy permit determinations in the mode of analysis that produces the greatest precision with the utmost sensitivity. This unique feature provides the ability to simultaneously read out two elements in concentration, or to determine a single element with an internal standard. The procedure insures the greatest possible analytical versatility, with maximum ease in sample handling. Other exclusive features include a new AA Counter-Flo Jet Nebulizing System that enhances sensitivity and improves precision; completely automatic burner flame ignition with programmed fail-safe circuitry; push button controls for automatic baseline and calibration corrections, and an integral electronic test circuit for checkout of possible malfunctions. Simplified zone balance with independent currents for the six hollow cathode tubes help speed up analytical procedures. Totally solid-state, modular "in a drawer" electronics insure reliability. No other atomic absorption unit has so many of the "extras" built-in. No other instrument can give higher analytical precision, or faster, safer analyses. Let us show you how this advanced Absorption-Emission Spectrophotometer can provide the best solution to your analytical problems. See for yourself the ease with which each sample can be evaluated and how much laboratory time can be saved without loss of sensitivity or accuracy. Ask us for a no-obligation demonstration. Or, for further information write for Data 153. Instrument leasing program details upon request. INSTRUMENTATION LABORATORY INC. 113 HARTWELL AVE., LEXINGTON, MASS. 02173 OFFICES IN: ATLANTA BALTIMORE * BOSTON CHICAGO ' CLEVELAND DALLAS OENVER DETROIT HOUSTON LOS ANGELES * NEWARK NEW YORK PHILADELPHIA SAN FRANCISCO ST. LOUIS TRENTON MONTREAL TORONTO VANCOUVER ZURICH DSW 200873 STLCOPCB4058937 Volume 47, Number 24 June 9, 1969 Chemical & Engineering NEWS CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING NEWS 1155 Sixteenth St., N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036 Editor: PATRICK P. MC CURDY Managing Editor: Melvin J. Josephs Assistant Managing Editors: Louis A. Agnello, Brendan F. Somerville Contributing Editor: Kenneth M. Reese Director of Design: Joseph Jacobs Production Manager: Bacil Guiley Senior Editors: Earl V. Anderson (New York); David M. Kiefer (Washington). Senior Associate Editor: Howard J. Sanders. Department Heads: James H. Krieger, Arnold E. Levitt. CENTRAL STAFF: Ernest L. Carpenter, John J. Elsbree, Thomas E. Feare, Andre E. Pruniaux, Fred H. Zerkel (Assistant Editors); Editing Services: Joyce A. Richards (Head), Kathryn Campbell, CarolJ. Swartz (Assistant Editors). Editorial Reference: Barbara A. Gallagher; Art and Production: Leroy L. Corcoran (Assistant Art Director), Clarence L. Rakow (Production Manager), Melvin D. Buckner (Art); Production, Easton, Pa.: Charlotte C. Sayre (Associate Editor), Arlene F. Ebner (Editorial Assistant) ' NEWS BUREAUS: NEW YORK: Peter M Heylin (Head); William F. Fallwell, H. Clifford Neely, Gilbert R. PaTker (Assistant Editors); Angela p. Candela (Editorial Assistant). CHICAGO; Nejl D Baldwin, Lloyd W. Dunlap, Jr. (Assistant Edi tors). HOUSTON: Bruce F. Greek (Head . LOS ANGELES: Richard T. Mitch (Head). PHILADEL PHIA: James W. Haskins, Jr. (Assistant Editor). SAN FRANCISCO: Dermot A. O'Sullivan (Head). WASHINGTON (Southeastern News Bureau): Wilbert C. Lepkowski (Head) WASHINGTON NEWS BUREAU: Louis A. Agnello (Head), George B. Krantz (Congressional Correspondent), Nathaniel J. Byrd (Assistant Edi tor) FOREIGN BUREAUS: FRANKFURT: Donald J. Soisson (European News Bureau Head); LONDON: Robin A. Johnson (Assistant Editor). TOKYO: Michael K. McAbee (Head) Advisory Board-. Rutherford Aris, Richard A. Car penter, Lloyd M. Cooke, Edward C. Fuller, Thomas G Gibian, Richard Gordon, Richard F. Messing, Frank J. Pizzitola, Lewis H. Sarett, Kurt E. Shuler. Sumner B. Twiss, Eugene E. van Tamelen, Harry B. Warner, Bernard Weinstock, Robert West American Chemical Society Publications: Director of Publications: Richard L. Kenyon Director of Business Operations: Joseph H. Kuney Exec. Asst, to Dir. of Pub.: Rodney N. Halier Circulation Director, ACS Pub.: Herbert C. Spencer Asst, to Dir. of Pub.: William Q. Hull Dir. of Promotion, C&EN: Arthur Poulos Copyright 1969 by the AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY Subscription Service: On all subscription matters, including change of address, write to ACS Sub scription Service Dept., 1155 16th St,, N.W., Wash ington, D.C. 20036. When changing address, send both old (a mailing label is preferred) and new addresses, with ZIP codes. Allow lour weeks for change. Subscription Rates 1969: nonmembers, U.S. and Canada, 1 yr. 56.00, 2 yr. $10.00, 3 yr. $14.00; foreign, $15.00, $27.50, $40.00. Postage: Canada, Pan American Union, $4.00; foreign $5.00 (or air mail, Europe only, $11.00). Single copies: Cur rent, $0.50 except for Facts & Figures, $1.00, Postage. Canada and Pan American Union, $0.15; foreign $0.20. Rates for back issues available by mail. Claims for missing numbers not allowed if received more than 60 days from mailing date plus time needed for delivery of magazine and claim. Published by the American Chemical Society from 20th and Northampton Sts., Easton, Pa., weekly plus two extra issues--Career Opportunities, March 10, and Facts & Figures, Sept. 1. Second class postage paid at Easton, Pa. The American Chemical Society assumes no re sponsibility for the statements and opinions ad vanced by the contributors to its publications. Views expressed in the editorials are those of the editors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the American Chemical Society. Advertising Management: RE1NHOLD PUBLISHING CORP. (For list of offices see page 98.) Feature 33 The U.S. comes to grips with air and water pollution abatement The Chemical World 13 Move is dead to increase trade between U.S. and Soviet bloc nations 14 Slowdown in U.S. economy hasn't affected CPI yet, C&EN survey shows 14 Texas' tax on chemical industry dormant for now 15 Dow decides on primary magnesium plant site in Washington state 15 Nixon includes outside committee in environment program 15 MIT to adopt new programs of classified research for its special labs 16 Nuclear power plant orders slow to a dribble 17 Phosphoric acid makers soon to have new route to consider 17 New company brings total systems approach to pollution control Industry & Business 22 New breed of farmers to cause changes in ag chemicals industry 26 Personnel problems plague Presidential science adviser DuBridge International 30 West Germany's Farbwerke Hoechst reorganizes widespread operations 32 Britain may lose its dominance of carbon fibers market to Japan and U.S. Education 74 USC begins master's program in radiopharmacy next fall Technology 78 Information study calls for commission on scientific communication The Departments 5 Editorial--progress in structure of information systems is in order 7 Letters--chemists' image . . . research planning . . . DOD information 82 Associations--meeting forecasts and ACS Short Courses 21 Industry Concentrates 29 International Concentrates 69 Washington Concentrates 70 C&EN Charts 73 Research Concentrates 77 Technology Concentrates 83 People 98 News Focus 100 News Scripts DSW 200874 THE COVER: Plant nestled in green hills but spewing pollution is symbolic of huge problem for late 20th century industrial societies. (Photo by C&EN's Ray Rakow.) See page 33 I JUNE 9, 1969 C&EN 3 i STLCOPCB4058938 Chemists and Chemical Engineers: Come to IBM Lexington and maybe you'll come up with another best seller. These remarkable keys are one reason the IBM typewriter has enjoyed best-seller status. They are not like conventional typewriter keys. The letters are bonded into the keys by a thermoplastic proc ess that makes them wear resistant. It's just one example of the kind of chemical challenge you'll find at IBM Lexington, Kentucky. What you'd do Our Lexington facility has immediate openings for chemists and chemical engineers with B.S. or M.S. degrees. If you qualify, you could work in analytical chemistry and surface finishing chemistry in such areas as plastics, electrolytic coating, chem ical milling, paints and plating. Or in process de velopment, where you'd apply chemical materials to specific applications and parts. You'll have project responsibility. We'll just give you the problem: you take it from there. Grow with IBM At IBM Lexington we produce a line of sophisti cated office products: electric typewriters, dicta ting equipment, printers. And the line is constantly growing. In fact, we've been developing a major new product at Lexington on the average of one every 18 months. Progress like this has made IBM a leader in the world's fastest growing major industry--informa tion processing. Maybe your ideas can help solve some of the problems we face in chemistry, and you can grow with us. . Write to us novr If you're interested, send your resume to Dave Evans, IBM Corporation, Department CF1017, New Circle Road, Lexington, Kentucky 40507. An Equal Opportunity Employer STLCOPCB4058939 EDITORIAL Science, scientists, and Information The SATCOM report is likely to be an important influence Dr. John Ziman says that the general form of the scientific paper has changed less in scientific and technical information, poor utiliza tion of which is a waste that must not be nearly 300 years than any other class of literature tolerated. except the bedroom farce. In his book "Public The SATCOM report does not pretend to pro Knowledge," published last year by Cambridge vide solutions. It does suggest courses of action University Press, Dr. Ziman, professor of theoret beginning with establishment of a Joint Com ical physics at University of Bristol, England, pre mission on Scientific and Technical Communi sents some thought-provoking views on science cation, responsible to the councils of the two and its literature. He considers the goal of sci academies under whose auspices the study and ence to be "a consensus of rational opinion over report were done. the widest possible field." This, he says, is the Serious work toward improvement of scien scientific method. And the journal has been and tific and technical information systems is increas still is an effective instrument in the process. ing. But one important element is usually given The consensus approach has served well and too little attention in these efforts: the part effectively through the history of science but played by the established journal system in moti now the techniques and instruments for making vating research scientists. It is through the that approach work have become a matter of journal that the individual scientist not only great concern. The volume of information is gains recognition and acceptance, but also gets convincing large numbers of scientists and engi his work validated. If his ideas and conclu neers that some new device or system must be sions survive the consensus of which Dr. Ziman evolved--or might come about through revolu speaks, then the researcher becomes an estab tion. lished scientist. A new report on that situation will soon be The structure of scientific and technical infor ready for publication and a synopsis has been mation systems will surely go through major issued. It is called "Scientific and Technical changes in the next quarter century and work Communication" and is the product of three such as that of SATCOM will stimulate progress. years' study by the Committee on Scientific and But if those changes are to be most effective in Technical Communication (SATCOM) of the contribution to the advancement of the sci National Academy of Sciences and National entific and technical world, the elements of so Academy of Engineering; the committee has cial-professional motivation and advancement of worked under the chairmanship of Dr. Robert W. the individual scientist must be kept in mind. Caims, Hercules, Inc., Past-President of ACS Surely satisfactory modifications of the social- (page 78). professional elements of the present system can The report points out that the users of sci evolve, but if they are ignored progress will be entific and technical information were trained much more difficult. and work today under conditions that offer far larger rewards for doing "new" work than for finding, through careful literature search, the results of work already done. Yet we have in the archives a great and precious resource of D S\N 200876 C&EN editorials are signed and represent only the views of the signer. Unless stated to the contrary they do not represent the official position of the American Chemical Society. Rather they are aimed at focusing attention on some controversial point, at sparking intelligent discussion, at raising legitimate questions. JUNE 9. 1969 C&EN 5 STLCOPCB4058940 Look at what you can do with Pfizer's versatile monomers. SUGGESTED COPOLYMER SYSTEMS PLUS VIA YIELD Fumaric Acid Butadiene Polyols Styrene Alkyd and varnish Condensation resins (and subsequent Improved drying oils polymerization) Latex adhesives Emulsion Polyester and rosin- adduct resins Itaconic Acid Acrylonitrile Alkylene oxides Butadiene Polyhydric alcohols Styrene Bulk Condensation Emulsion Solution Suspension Alkyd resins Laminating resins Latex adhesives Lube oil additives Potting and casting resins Synthetic fibers Textile adhesives Dimethyl Itaconate Dibutyl Itaconate Acrylonitrile Butyl acrylate Methacrylonitrile Methyl methacrylate Styrene Vinyl acetate Vinyl chloride Bulk Emulsion Solution Suspension Latex adhesives and coatings Lube oil additives Plasticizers Synthetic fibers Thermoplastic resins These unsaturated dibasic acids have a wide range of polymer applications. Their unusual multi-fun^ tionality results in some highly specialized an<f unique properties. Itaconic acid, for example,! improves the adhesive properties of latices. And its f diesters are equally versatile. g Itaconic and fumaric acids are monomers avail-j able in quantity from Pfizer. Ask your Pfizer rep-1 resentative about them. Or, write our nearest* Regional Office direct for technical literature. 1 '-fl fCHEMICALS DIVISION Chas. Pfizer & Co., Inc. Biochemical Dept. 230 Brighton Road Clifton, New Jersey 07012 Telephone: (201) PR 3-6500 Chas. Pfizer & Co., Inc. . Biochemical Dept. : 6460 West Cortland Street Chicago, Illinois 60635 Telephone: (312) TU9-9162 6 C&EN STLCOPCB4058941 LETTERS Chemists' public image Dear Sib: I have just read with great interest the text of R. W. Cairns' stimulating and provocative Perkin Medal Ad dress (C&EN, March 3, page 50). He has eloquently made a case for the importance of the contribution of the industrial chemist while at the same time chiding both government and the educational community for being partially ignorant of the con tributions of people in industry. I have, at file present moment, spent the first half (six years) of my pro fessional career in industry and the second half in education and, from this vantage point, have a few ob servations to make. The anonymity of industrial chem ists is often expected and encouraged by the policies of some companies. Part of the reason is, no doubt, a desire on the part of industry to minimize the migration of proprietary information which can occur when researchers become well known to their peers or talk in public about what they are doing. The price paid for secretiveness is indifference, hos tility, or suspicion on the part of the public. If the chemical industry really wants to improve its public image; if it wants to influence the career choices of young people; if it wants professors and teachers of science to be more aware of the contributions industry is making and if it wants to influence curriculums, it must be pre pared to spend time, money, and ef fort toward that end. To cite the example of polymer chemistry, mentioned rightly by Dr. Cairns as a specific academic defi ciency, industry could make a signif icant contribution by educating chem istry professors in polymer chemistry. An industrial laboratory could start by having some of its polymer chemists put together a short one- to threeday course on polymer chemistry in cluding some feasible polymerization experiments, and invite college and university faculty members from the area to come to the industrial labora tory to take the course and perform the experiments. As followup it would be helpful if arrangements were made to supply the colleges with suitable quantities of the necessary monomers for students to carry out some laboratory polymer experiments. Another promising approach would be to have volunteer industrial chemists come to the schools for one or two laboratory periods during a term, give a lecture on polymers, and direct the students in a laboratory experiment. There is much that can and should be done to close the academic-in dustrial gap which exists in chemistry and both parties must take the initia tive in closing it. Perhaps the ACS Corporation Associates program is a positive step but I, as a teacher of chemistry, have never been able to leam of any specific opportunities which exist. The chemistry enter prise needs more forceful innovators, like Dr. Caims, who are willing to make known the monumental contri butions made by chemical industry. W.David Emerson Dearborn, Mich. Research planning Dear Sir: Discussion continues concerning na tional research goals, financial re sources that should be committed to such goals, and administrative means of attaining those goals. Excellent plans have utilized federal money to support research in a variety of ways. Within frameworks altered and adapted to new needs, such plans will likely continue to be used. In addition to already existing means for personal and institutional support for proposed research, I sug gest a new plan to assess, award, and support scientific research. Inspection indicates that the March 1969 The Journal of Organic Chem istry had approximately 37% of non supported publications; similarly, 32% for the Journal of the American Chem ical Society. Some of the nonsup ported articles are known to have reported work for which grants could not be obtained. Perhaps almost all the nonsupported publications were in this category. Under my Reimbursement Proposal, a senior author, on behalf of his spon soring institution, could support with reprints his reimbursement request for pagination, secretarial cost, anal yses, instrumental data, chemicals, ,, graduate student support, and over head for published nonsupported research. The reimbursement agency could directly assess the relative value of a publication in light of available funds and shifting national needs and inter ests. The agency could also act as a clearinghouse, sending certain appro priate papers to target-oriented units for partial or total reimbursement. Retrogrant payment could be ob jectively quantized by standard for mula. Pagination, secretarial cost, in strumental data, equipment use, computer time, and analyses lend themselves to quantitative as sessment; chemical cost, slightly less so; graduate student support. ! f: The new Barnstead Bantam lab demin eralizer. tells you more. More pre cisely. It replaces the old`'idiot tights" .. with a meter. With the flick of a switch ..you get an instant on-stream effluent read-out in parts per million and ohms resistance. You get less sub-standard water- and -no wasted cartridge ca- : pacity.`Choose from five different dis- ; posable cartridges. For ion exchange : (multi-bed and mixed-bed), -organic, `; : oxygen or cation removal. Flow rates . from 5 to 25 gallons per hour. Bantam . holder comes complete for wall or bench mounting, ready to attach to : your raw water, line. Pedestal, inlet, effluent tubing, cord, plug and UL approval included. Your Barnstead . .dealer has the information on the entire Bantam series. Give him a cal' or contact Barnstead Company, .. . 225 Rivermoor Street, ' ' ' Boston, Massachusetts 02132. ' A BARNSTEAD . SVBROK CynPOfUlOh DSW 200878 JUNE 9. 1969 C&EN 7 STLCOPCB4058942 even less so; faculty time, still less. This plan of reimbursement may possess the following advantages: . minimal administrative cost--referees and editors having already assessed the professional acceptability of pub lished research; partial support of a given piece of research is possible--as little, even, as pagination cost; sup port for new or nonprolific research ers publishing less popular material may pay unexpected scientific divi dends, as well as increase the pool of knowledge, the plan rewards suc cessful completed research, however modest. The plan extends, not re places, present means of research sup port by national agencies. Miami, Fla. P.Harry Schultz DOD information Dear Sir: I would like to offer some com ments on Walter Carlson's letter pub lished in the July 15, 1968, issue of C&EN (page 7). Unlike Mr. Carl son, I am still a federal employee. I suppose, therefore, I should state the usual caveat that the opinions ex pressed in this letter are my own and not necessarily those of any agency of the Federal Government. In his letter, Mr. Carlson lists four myths related to DOD's information program and the transfer of tech nology. These myths are: (1) docu ment distribution represents technol ogy transfer; (2) research and de velopment findings translate directly into production know-how; (3) mili tary research results are not dissemi nated; (4) DOD hides behind se curity regulations. I concur heartily with his state ments concerning myths 1, 3, and 4. The federal agencies have made ex tensive efforts to declassify their sci entific and technical information and disseminate it to the public. How ever, as Mr. Carlson states, the weird jumble of laws makes it necessary to control the distribution of some un classified reports. It seems to me that two steps could be taken to re lease some of this limited distribu tion material: 1. More careful editing to disas sociate the development from the initial purpose for which it was created. . 2. Change the existing laws, as necessary, to remove the conflicting requirements stated in the Freedom of Information Act and those appear ing in statutes limiting distribution. There can be little argument with Mr. Carlson's thesis that most of the sophisticated military hardware, for example, a tank, cannot be used di rectly by industry. However, the in dividual items of technology that con- 8 C&EN JUNE 9, 1969 Eastman is famous for items that others don't bother with... ... but with all modesty, we also admit to rendering an equally important service to laboratories with more familiar tools like p-Dioxane ; 1 Acetonitrile Dimethyl Sulfoxide Thionyl Chloride Acetaldehyde Methyl Acetate Cyanogen Bromide ; ? Trichloroacetyl Chloride Benzenesulfonic Acid Sebacyl Chloride , See homely details at right on why to check the Eastman price with your favorite among ' B&A CURTIN FISHER HOWE & FRENCH NORTH-STRONG SARGENT-WELCH VAN WATERS & ROGERS WILL i 1 Call any of the above or Shandon for Eastman Chromagram prod- ucts for thin-layer chromatography. 1 For special specs and/or larger-than-laboratory packaging, re quest quote from Eastman Kodak Company, Eastman Organic Chemicals, Rochester, N. Y. 14650. DSW 200879 " 4 STLCOPCB4058943 I!*!: p-Dioxane (Eastman 2144) The tough test is color formation after four hours in perchloric acid. Not Vi hour. 4 hours. If we can see color after 4 hours, we find something else to do with the batch than sell it as Eastman 2144. Acetonitrile (Eastman X488) H2O <0.01% by Karl Fischer titration. Customers seem to like that in an al legedly aprotic solvent T*(3l: Dimethyl Sulfoxide (Eastman 7108) For this one, the third of the major aprotic solvents for synthesis, we only claim H2O <0.1%. Most recent batch as of this writing came in at <0.03%. By de mand of our own research chemists, we further reduce the already low sulfide and mercaptan content of the commercial product. You might as well have the benefit Thionyl Chloride (Eastman 246) Extremely sensitive to Fe contamination. Seen much water-white SOCI2 that's not labeled Eastman 246? Particularly recommended for temperature-sensitive re actions, where fear of by-product color casts long doubts. Acetaldehyde (Eastman 468) To fight contamination through polymerization, we prepare in small lots and package in vials. Many, many, many small lots. . H@I: Methyl Acetate (Eastman 520) Not a repackaged merchant product. If it were, it might not sell as well as it does. We make it and hold it colorless, BP 56-58C, mo.D 1.3618.0005; test for H2O by Karl Fischer; alcohol by IR; also check neutrality, residue, density. Pedestrian routes to success. Cyanogen Bromide (Eastman 919) If you can buy it in this quality, there need be none of it undergoing improve ment in your own distillation column. BrCN bubbling away in a corner of the lab is not exactly like tea water. Numerous suggestion awards have we paid out to our staff over the years for safer ways to handle it. Trichloroacetyl Chloride (Eastman 2032) Another nasty actor, to the preparation and purification of which nobody turns with pleasure. Subject of many discussions on what, speaking quantitatively, is colorless. When we make it, the hue is dark amber. Then the problem is to get it "colorless" and keep it so. Computer that keeps track of sales informs us the problem seems to be under good control. * Benzenesulfonic Acid (Eastman 2313) We make it by an entirely different route from the industrial product, or we couldn't get it this clean. MP test complicated by stable hydrates. Extreme affin ity for ambient water vapor. Particular precautions taken against heavy metals. Sebacyl Chloride (Eastman 6236) Finally brought this one into the winner's circle by turning to our men and equipment for molecular distillation (which was in vented on these premises many years ago). .'fra tributed to producing the end prod uct can be useful. The purpose of the Federal Govern ment's technology transfer effort is to identify and document these items of technology and to disseminate infor mation about them to industry. Ex perience, to date, with this effort indi cates that: (1) a considerable por tion of the technology either is not reported or not effectively reported; (2) much of the useful technology is not patentable; (3) some communica tions media, other than research and development reports, are needed to reach large segments of industry; and (4) more than the dissemination of documents is needed to effectively transfer technology. I am less sanguine than Mr. Carl son that the DOD policy of permitting the contractor to obtain the patent is necessarily the best means of trans ferring technology. It seems to me that a better policy is enunciated in a "Memorandum of October 10, 1963" entitled "Government Patent Policy" and signed by the President of the United States. Under this policy a contractor, licensee, or his assignee may acquire principal or exclusive patent rights but must, within three years after the patent is issued, take effective steps to bring the invention to the point of practical application or make the invention available for licensing royalty free or on terms that are reasonable in circumstances, or "show cause why he should retain the principal or exclusive rights for a further period of time." Otherwise, "the Government shall have the right to require the granting of licenses to other applicants on a nonexclusive, royalty free basis." In my opinion, however, there are two basic problems: (1) the agencies have not developed an ef fective program for implementing the policy, and (2) the policy should be extended to include all of industry. Finally, I agree with Mr. Carlson that you cannot have communication if only the sending stations are turned on and none of the receivers are on. This statement does not accurately reflect the total problem, however. A substantial part of the problem re sults from the fact that Government and industry are operating on dif ferent communication frequencies and using different language. Both groups must share equally in the failure to communicate. A primary purpose of the technology transfer effort is to develop mech anisms for improving the communica tions. Walter C. Kee Senior Technology Utilization Officer, Division of Technical Information, AEC, Washington, D.C. DSW 200880 JUNE 9. 1969 C&EN 9 I i i STLCOPCB4058944 "How can Goodyear start injection With the most reliable polymers you can buy. And years of experience you can borrow from. Goodyear gives you the widest choice of syn thetic rubbers, and the longest experience with every major make of injection molding equip ment. So we know the machine you're buying. We know how different elastomers will behave on it. And we'll work with you, in your plant. flash--are usually caused by improper compound ing. That's why it can save a lot of time to have your Goodyear expert working with the manu facturer's rep. "Are the formulating "What does this do for me?" It can save days or weeks of trial and error, find ing which formulations and compounding steps you'll need to achieve the end properties you want. If you're busy enough for injection mold ing to make sense at all, this can be vital. "Can't the machine service rep give me all the help I'll need?" problems really so great we can't solve them ourselves?" Many companies "get by" with the same com pounds they used for compression molding. But small modifications often make big improve ments in processing, physicals and reject rates. Injection molding is such a fast, high-tempera-, ture operation that a formulation has little mar gin for error. You can't play it slow and safe. Your rubber formulation is as important as your machine in getting you into production right away. Some common problems with injection molded products--blistering, porosity, excess "What qualities should a compound have?" Generally, you need an elastomer that injects DSW 200881 STLCOPCB4058945 readily and vulcanizes rapidly, that won't scorch or revert at high temperatures. Specifically, of course, it depends on your equipment and end product. And the speed and heat make the use of accelerators a critical skill. "What kinds of rubber can you supply for injection molding?" Thirty-eight Plioflex SBRs, twenty Chemigum NBRs, five Plioflex and Budene poly butadienes. And Natsyn polyisoprene. We've found its consistent cure rate and lack of nerve so adaptable to injection molding that we've printed two Tech Book Facts on the subject. They're yours for the asking. "At what point should I bring Goodyear into our decision?" If you've read this far, you're interested enough in injection molding that you must have some more questions you'd like to ask. Naturally, there's no charge, and no obligation to buy a thing. Just mail us the coupon. i-------------------------- '----------------------------------------------------1 I GOODYEAR CHEMICALS DATACENTER, DEPT. 1 I F-16, BOX 9115, AKRON, OHIO44305. I j Please send me more data on how Goodyear can help ' * me convert to injection molding. I J Send me those Tech Book Facts onNatsyn for injection molding. I I NAME!----------------------------------------------- | I | FIRM__ j | II | ADDRESS--------------------------------------- 1 | CITY_________________ STATEZIP____ | LJ OOODfYCAR CHEMICALS DSW 200882 POLYMETHYL Does your banker If you think he would be embarrassed if you asked him, perhaps you should take a hard look at your present banking connection. And ask yourself if you can really afford to have your financial needs handled by other than a banker who concentrates exclusively in your field, like the men in our Chemical and Drug Special Industry Group. On a comprehensive, first-hand level, these men have a unique ability to give your com pany the most experienced attention in the field. Working closely with customer man agement, they make loans throughout the process industries, and provide capabilities over a wide range of financial services from support of new projects to acquisition work. Whatever your banking requirements, they're best served by an expert in your field: a spe cialist from The Bank of New York. Write for our booklet. 12 C&EN THE BANK OF NEW YORK Chemical and Drug Group SPECIAL INDUSTRY BANKING DIVISION 48 WALL STREET NEW YORK DSW 200883 STLCOPCB4058947 Chemical & Engineering NEWS JUNE 9, 1969 NIXON STOPS MOVE TO INCREASE U.S.-SOVIET BLOC TRADE Sen. Edmund Muskie Change in the law Joseph A. Greenwald Bringer of bad tidings A move in Congress to change the Export Control Act so as to increase trade between the U.S. and Soviet bloc nations of eastern Europe ap pears to be dead. Cause of the sud den demise was the Nixon Admin istration's pronouncement that any change in trade policies with the Sovi ets "would not be warranted in pres ent circumstances." In view of the Administration's stiff opposition, the act, whioh expires June 30, will likely be extended for a number of years. U.S. industry and business spokes men have been complaining that the rigidities and red tape of the Export Control Act do not restrict Soviet bloc access to nonstrategic goods because most of these can be obtained from U.S. allies in western Europe. In stead, they said, the act restricts the entry of U.S. business into Soviet mar kets. As Sen. Edmund S. Muskie (D.-Me.), sponsor of S. 1940, a bill to revise the act, put it, "U.S. trade practices formerly served to deny products to eastern Europe. In most instances, they now serve only to deny sales to American business." In the chemical industry, some ex ecutives are enthusiastic about a boost in East-West trade, but many have reservations about the possibility or value of an increase. The reason for their pessimism is that there are other barriers to expanded trade. Some are economic, some are public relations problems. Witness the threatened boycotts against Firestone products by extreme right wing organizations when the firm, with State Depart ment blessings, tried to sell a syn thetic rubber plant to Romania sev eral years ago. The strongest eco nomic barrier is that Soviet bloc na tions lack the dollars to make large purchases in the U.S. and long-term credits are not available. There has been a feeling in Con gress that the Export Control Act, originally passed in 1949 when the tension between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. was at a peak, could be changed this year to make trade be tween the U.S. and the Soviet bloc easier. But there was no positive as surance that the change could be made because there were a number of pockets of resistance in Congress. In all this, the Administration position was crucial; a strong boost from President Nixon seemed certain to col lapse most of the Congressional oppo sition. A Presidential task force had been studying the problem almost since In auguration Day. But no word of the Administration's views was permitted to leak out; they were a deep secret. Then, on the last day of hearings on S. 1940 before Sen. Muskie's Sub committee on International Finance, a Nixon spokesman revealed the Ad ministration's complete opposition to any change. The bringer of bad tidings was Joseph A. Greenwald, acting Assistant Secretary of State for Economic Af fairs. He said, "To the extent that liberalizing amendments of the Export Control Act could be broadly viewed as a decision having political and for eign relations significance, we think such definitive action would not be warranted under the circumstances. We are exploring possibilities with the hope of finding a basis which may lead to more far-reaching action to liberalize trade. We do not, however, feel that this situation exists today. We, therefore, favor a simple exten sion of the act." Mr. Greenwald took the position that the present law, in the State De partment's opinion, is sufficiently flex ible to let the President liberalize trade if he sees fit. Besides, he said, the impact of export controls in limit ing our trade with the Soviet Union and eastern Europe has frequently been exaggerated. Sen. Muskie pointed out that, al though the present law might accom modate changes, only a change in the law would provide a clear signal of Congressional intent that the law be relaxed now. He also claimed that the Administration's position was not geared so much to "lack of support for expanded trade as to the political sensitivities of Congressional opin ion." [Several days before the sub committee hearing, minority leader Sen. Everett Dirksen (R.-Ill.) made a floor speech opposing more liberal trade controls.] The purpose of S. 1940 is to reduce the complexities, delays, and uncer tainties in administering the controls without sacrificing the objective of controlling the export of strategic goods. Under the present act, getting export licenses involves such red tape as filling out complex application forms. This, in turn, leads to long delays in making shipments to cus tomers. Result: If the goods are available elsewhere, many prospec tive foreign purchasers will pass up U.S. manufacturers in favor of those in other countries. For example, magnetic tape is on the control list. Sen. Walter Mondale (D.-Minn.), a cosponsor of S. 1940, cited two instances in which 3M, a leading U.S. tape manufacturer, had lost foreign customers for videotape and computer tape to European pro ducers because of these delays. One prospective customer, a Swiss firm, told 3M, "It would take too long to supply you with all the information you require to get approval from the Commerce Department." DSW 200884 JUNE 9- 1969 C&EN 13 STLCOPCB4058948 THE CHEMICAL WORLD THIS WEEK THE ECONOMY: Chemicals an Anomaly "If there is any slowing in the growth of the economy, you can't prove it by us. Our business so far this year is better than we forecast." So said Stauffer Chemical last week in reply to a C&EN inquiry to determine if the apparent slight slowing in the growth rate of the U.S. economy had begun to affect company operations. Most other chemical companies ap proached replied in a similar vein. American Cyanamid explained that, "In those areas of our business that are generally sensitive to the econ omy, we have not seen any slackening in our business." Union Carbide has not experienced any recent slowdown and says, "Business has been very good." However, there are indications that basic chemical industry sales may not grow as fast this year as they have in recent years. For instance, shipments of industrial chemicals were on a pla teau from last November until March of this year, the latest month for which figures are available. Also, the production index for chemicals and al lied products has been growing more slowly so far this year than it did last. And industry sales for the first quarter were up only 6.7% over the first quarter of last year. This compares with 7.5% growth for all of last year and an average annual growth of 10.5% between 1961 and 1968. This apparent anomaly between in dividual company bullishness and the Growth in chemical output has slackened slightly in recent months - Index of production of chemical and allied preduett (seasonally adjusted) 235 April June 1968 Rcatlmlnary Aug Oct Dec Jan Mar* 1969 Sxw! federal Reserve Beard 14 C&EN JUNE 9, 1969 overall industry picture may be due to the gradual nature of the slowdown. There has been no sharp drop in chemical demand, and the industry expects none for the rest of die year. Also, some big companies, such as Du Pont, have been expecting a slower growth in sales this year than last. Du Pont president Charles B. Mc Coy recently told stockholders he ex pected only a "modest" sales increase this year. Celanese admits to only a "moderate" increase so far this year. Dow treasurer Robert B. Bennett says his company has experienced a 9% increase in worldwide sales so far this year. But by year end he expects this to drop to a 7 to 8% rate. Du Pont chief economist Ira Ellis points out the economy as a whole has been cooling off for about a year now. As a result of this economic slow ing, Mr. Ellis expects chemicals pro duction and sales to show slower than usual growth rates through the mid dle of next year. He tells C&EN he expects output of industrial chemicals to grow only 8% this year, compared with a 1960-68 annual average of 10%. The production index for chem icals and allied products was at 233 for the first quarter of 1969, up 9% from the first quarter of 1968. By the first quarter of 1970 he expects it to have gained only about another 3.5%. The major concern for the chemical industry has to be the effect that any decline in sales growth will have on earnings. With high fixed costs and with little flexibility in product prices, the industry is heavily dependent on increasing sales volume for any im provement in earnings. Last year's 7.5% increase in sales brought a 4% increase in earnings, according to fig ures from the Securities Exchange Commission. In 1967 when sales grew only 4%, earnings plunged 16% from the year before. TAXES: No Action in Texas Among other tax measures, "discrimi natory taxation" on the chemical in dustry in Texas remained in com mittee as the state's 61st legislature adjourned last week. As part of a program to raise new revenues, Texas governor Preston Smith proposed 0.5% gross receipts tax on chemicals manufactured in the state--a move which industry officials, some legisla tors, and others quickly branded dis crimination. Texas ranks third in the nation in value of chemicals produc tion. Gov. Smith estimated that the gross receipts tax could bring in $22.5 mil lion per year. People in the industry and those studying taxation indicated Low taxes entice high chemical capital investment Chemical capital spending (Millions of dollars) Texas Louisiana New Jen I960 $185 $ 50 $150 1962 160 55 135 1964 310 70 140 1966 550 260 195 that the amount could be much hif^ if the tax were collected on each of chemical manufacture. Such tion could be possible should the islation pass and be interpreted payable when a basic chemical its derivatives are sold in several tri actions within the state. The proposed tax on the chemi industry isn't dead. The legislate may be recalled by Gov. Smith if decides to veto a one-year appropa tions bill passed by the legislal over his opposition. He has until Ji 21 to decide. In his message recommending gross receipts tax on the chemical dustry, Gov. Smith said that Texas i many ways is a tax haven for both ii dividuals and corporations. This was not radically disputed in test] mony by officials of the industry, i eluding the Texas Chemical Coun< and service industries. Using data from numerous sources; such as the U.S. Department of Com merce's annual survey of manufac-j turers, the opposition built a strong case for the position of Texas as the] leading state in growth of the chemi-; cal industry. For example, the data; show capital expenditures by the; chemical and allied industries in Texas between 1959 and 1966 increasing^ much faster than expenditures in New! Jersey, the state with the most chemi-; j cal production. And at $3.70 per ' hour, production employees in diechemical industry in 1966 had a' higher hourly average pay than em-|j ployees in any of the five states with the highest taxes or in any of the five; states with lowest taxes. (Louisiana, a low-tax state, was next with an av erage of $3.67 per hour. New York, a high-tax state, was lowest of 11 re ported at $2.96 per hour.) Effective as these and other argu-| jments were, the state's chemical in- f dustry with annual shipments of $4.5 billion remains an industry very vul- i nerable to tax-writing legislators. If ; DSW 200885 1 I....- . STLCOPCB4058949 the legislature does find itself working on new tax bills in a special session, the old ploy might be used of adding the gross receipts tax as a rider on some minor "must" bill. Because of repeated and effective arguments by the industry officials, the gross receipts tax idea most likely would be replaced by a corporate in come tax law, possibly written as early as in a special session of the legisla ture called for 1970. The impact on Texas chemical and allied industries is hard to measure, say most company and TCC officials. Whether the rate of growth in rev enues to the state from all sources would slow, and thus complicate rev enue problems, can't be measured with useful accuracy. This growth has been good--about $600 million more will be available in the next two years than came in during the past two years, estimates the Texas Manu facturers Association. The biennium budget now is well over $5 billion. Discriminatory taxes, however, could cost the state its competitive position and reduce the expected gains from existing tax laws. MAGNESIUM: Dow Says Where At Last Dow Chemical has finally disclosed the site it has chosen for its primary magnesium plant in the Far West. It will go in at Dallesport, Wash., on the Columbia River some 70 miles up stream from Portland. Scheduled for startup in the last half of 1971, incre mental expansions will bring the plant to its design output level of 48,000 tons annually in 1976. Coproduct chlorine will amount to 100,000 tons per year. The facility, to cost "in excess of $20 million," will use a Dow-devel oped electrolytic cell. Beyond com menting that this will result in "very favorable economics," a Dow spokes man won't elaborate on the process. Magnesium chloride feedstock will come from a plant near Ogden, Utah, where Dow will upgrade material sup plied by Great Salt Lake Minerals and Chemicals Corp. (C&EN, Dec. 16, 1968, page 17). Substantial quantities of the primary metal from the Dallesport operation will go to customers west of the Rock ies, Dow says. Western U.S. demand for magnesium is burgeoning. Alu minum-magnesium alloys, for exam ple, are used in a variety of compo nents that go into airplanes because of the significant weight savings gained by use of lighter magnesium and the superior toughness and structural strength of these alloys. Moreover, Japan, strictly speaking. is west of the Rockies, too. Auto mak ers there are taking a growing interest in magnesium just as their counter parts in Detroit and elsewhere are doing. A plant in Washington, and good port facilities going in at the site, should put Dow in a strong posi tion to comer a fair slice of the Orient magnesium demand. Dow says that all of coproduct chlorine from the Dallesport plant will go to customers in the West. These could include pulp and paper makers, which use large amounts of chlorine for bleaching. Dow could captively use chlorine for making chlorinated hydrocarbons and ag ricultural chemicals. ENVIRONMENT: An Eye on the Council President Nixon may well have headed off a minor skirmish with Congress over the creation of a Cabinet-level council on the environment. As fi nally established 11 days ago by ex ecutive order of the President, the Environmental Quality Council will have its own outside "Citizens' Ad visory Committee on Environmental Quality" to see to it that the inter agency group doesn't fall into the doldrums Administration critics say of ten befalls such groups. The Environmental Quality Council has a structure that in some respects parallels that of the National Security Council and the Urban Affairs Council, the President says. Members of the council are the Secretaries of Agricul ture; Commerce; Health, Education, and Welfare; Housing and Urban Development; Interior; and Transpor tation as well as the Vice President. The President heads the new council. Presidential science adviser Lee A. DuBridge is executive secretary. Mr. Nixon said the council will examine the "full range of variables that affect environmental quality. I expect the group to review existing policies and programs and to suggest ways of improving them. Its mem bers must project the impact of new technologies and encourage, scientific developments which will help us pro tect our resources." Senators Henry M. Jackson (D.Wash.) and Gaylord Nelson (D.Wis.) expressed doubts at Senate Interior Committee hearings in April about an interagency approach to environmental problems (C&EN, April 28, page 16). Sen. Jackson said that members of such groups don't have the time to deal with broad government functions. What's more. Sen. Nelson added, not one inter agency committee has ever been suc cessful in dealing with "hard prob lems" such as those posed by the environment. Sen. Jackson's bill (S. 1075) pro posed an independent advisory group, a national policy on the environment, and would authorize the Interior Secretary to conduct studies and re search relating to the nation's eco logical systems and natural resources. Sen. Jackson has since amended this bill to set out national goals for an environmental policy. First meeting of the Environmen tal Quality Council is slated for midJune. Dr. DuBridge says that among the first items on the council's agenda will be to determine what actions should be taken "about the control and use of DDT and the development of substitute pesticides." He expects ac tion soon on disposal of solid wastes and garbage. A third area in which he expects action is on auto and indus trial pollution. DEFENSE RESEARCH: MIT Seeks a Balance Science adviser DuBridge DDT among first on agenda A special committee has reviewed de fense-oriented research at Massachu setts Institute of Technology and finds that a better balanced research pro gram--not the elimination of all de fense work or the spin-off of two spe cial labs--is a desirable goal. As a result of the study, MIT president Howard W. Johnson says the school will institute new programs for clas sified research and will seek projects directed toward socially useful tech nology for the labs. The 22-man panel, which was se lected to represent diverse views on the controversial subject of military research on campus, finds that MIT DSW 200886 JUNE 9, 1969 C&EN 15 i STLCOPCB4058950 THE CHEMICAL WORLD THIS WEEK should retain its instrumentation and Lincoln Laboratories. It asks, and president Johnson has agreed, that MIT "energetically explore" new proj ects that would bring about a better balance between civilian and military projects. The MIT recommendations ham mered out by the committee of alumni, students, professors, and staff was ini tially well received by student and faculty groups that had made it known they favored cancellation of all weap ons research. The MIT solution thus attempts to steer a course between severing ties with its research insti tutes and violent protest. The annual budget in fiscal 1968 for both labs was about $120 million; the total MIT budget was $214 mil lion. Ties between the labs and MIT are not close. The labs are nonprofit, have independent staffs, but do share some business functions such as pur chasing, payroll, and accounting with the school and pay for a proportionate share of overhead costs. The panel says that the country's scientific and technological base rests in large part in the universities and that this base should be available to support advances in defense-related fields. While it is obvious that the labs cannot precipitously modify their mix, the report calls for a "real sense of urgency in the redeployment of energies." . It also asks for the appointment of a standing committee for the laborato ries, that the educational interaction between the laboratories and the cam pus be expanded, and that classifica tions and clearance barriers be re duced. About 3700 people work in the two laboratories, although the number of chemists is not large. Most profes sionals are electrical and mechanical engineers and physicists. Dr. John Ross, head of MIT's chemistry de partment, says that none of his fac ulty and no graduate chemistry stu dents are employed at the labs. Many of the nation's colleges are changing their policies regarding clas sified research. Cornell hoped to sell its aeronautical labs but has halted proceedings at the request of the state of New York for the time at least. Stanford cut its ties with Stanford Re search Institute (C&EN, May 19, page 13). George Washington University and its Human Resources Research Office, which performs research in the behavioral sciences, have parted com pany. American University, following the recommendation of an eight-man special committee, will sever ties with its Center for Research in Social Sys tems. 16 C&EN JUNE 9. 1969 NUCLEAR POWER: Few New Commitments Suddenly nuclear power has lost its attractiveness to die electric utility industry. Licensing delays, rising costs, slippage in equipment delivery schedules, and increasing public con cern over aesthetics and safety have combined to cause a plummeting of orders by electric utilities for new nu clear plants. Consolidated Edison's announcement last week of its inten tion to build a 1115-Mw(e). nuclear unit at Verplank, N.Y., is only the second such commitment this year. Last year 17 new units were ordered; the year before, 31. ' The effect on chemically related in dustries that serve the nuclear power industry is expected to be slight, how ever. Nuclear Fuel Services, a divi sion of Getty Oil, is set, in fact, to an nounce expansion of its fuel reproc essing plant in West Valley, N.Y., to serve power stations starting up in the Northeast. Others--ore processors and fuel manufacturers--are tooling up to serve those plants already on order or under construction. There will be activity enough through 1978. "The eventual impact of the slow down will certainly affect expansion of our nuclear operations," comments Dr. Paul A. McKim, vice president for commercial development at Atlantic- Richfield Chemical Co. "However, when we went into the nuclear re processing business we anticipated de lays and worked them into the time table to see whether or not we did in fact make our scheduling properly based on this slowdown." There's no putting the finger on any one major reason for the slowdown even though Atomic Energy Commis sion chairman Glenn T. Seaborg was able to predict more than a year a downturn in the cycle. Reasons i die slowdown, however, seem to L volve more than the natural tuml the market cycles. The power indj try at this point isn't seeing nucfe power as much of a bargain. __ estimates of 180,000 Mw(e). of| actor-generated electricity are altered. Utilities authority ph Spom, retired president of America Electric Power Co., says the total \ be closer to 115,000 Mw(e). A cause of the slowdown that 1 captured most of the attention been equipment delays, mainly pr3 sure vessels, on order from Babcol and Wilcox. B&W said several da| ago that some delivery dates been pushed back two years and 1 _ it has asked Rotterdam Drydock i the Netherlands to take over some I the work. But makers of turbo ga erators, valves, and pumps are reporting delays. Although it is true that equipma makers did extend themselves beyoi capacity, it is equally significant I there have been unexpected stretd outs in the registration process, ther extended by checks and doul checks on design and construction 1 AEC. Regulations have peri the utilities as much as equipment delays, according to William S. Lea vice president for engineering at Duke] Power Co. of Charlotte, N.C. ' Furthermore, power people simjJ don't see the nuclear route as all 1 economical at this stage in its devell opment. Construction slippage is erf pensive in itself. But more burda some has been the rise in labor i equipment costs. R. A. Bowman, vice] president and director for Bechte Corp., says that in the past four yei costs of building nuclear plants havi DSty 200887 STLCOPCB4058951 Thermosetting coatings for aluminum siding Cast sheet for furniture industries. May we help you ? Methyl Acrylate Ethyl Acrylate Butyl Acrylate Isobutyl Acrylate 2-Ethylhexyl Acrylate Methyl Methacrylate Ethyl Methacrylate Butyl Methacrylate Isobutyl Methacrylate Isodecyl Methacrylate Lauryl Methacrylate Tridecyl Methacrylate Stearyl Methacrylate Butylene Di methacrylate Tri methylol propane Trimethacrylate Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate Hydroxypropyl Methacrylate Dimethylaminoethyl Methacrylate t-Butylaminoethyl Methacrylate Glacial Acrylic Acid Glacial Methacrylic Acid DSW 200888 ROHM 3HRRS PHILADELPHIA. PENNSYLVANIA 18105 C&EN 13 STLCOPCB4058952 Reprints from Chemical & Engineering News Keeping broadly informed challenges every person today. If you missed these features from recent issues of C&EN, you can still get copies by filling in the coupon below. ASP: The Little Giant Earl V. Anderson, C&EN Jan. 6, 1969, 16 pp. 50<f Mr. Anderson looks at American Selling Price, one of the most controversial trade issues even though only 0.16% of U.S. imports are affected by it. 01069 Facts & Figures '68 A C&EN Feature Sept. 2, 1968, 134 pp. $1.00 C&EN's annual review of-the chemical process industry, including financial analysis of 130 companies. A separate issue. 09028 Outlook '69 '70 Waiter S. Fedor, C&EN Dec. 16, 1968, 8 pp. 50<f C&EN's view of the ensuing two years: a slow start in 1969 followed by a quickening in pace about midyear that will continue on into 1970. 12168 Trillion-Dollar Economy Walter S. Fedor, C&EN Nov. 4, 1968, IS pp. 50<f According to C&EN's computer simulation of the chemical and allied products industry a trillion-dollar gross national product is likely in the U.S. by 1971 and certain by 1972. 11048 Tax Incentives for American Exporters Earl V. Anderson, C&EN May 20, 1968, 10 pp. 504 Our Government, anxious over balance of payments problems, wants to make export ing more attractive to U.S. businessmen. However, it balks at proposed export tax in centives but trade and monetary problems may force the issue. 05206 Drug Prices K. M. Reese, C&EN Jan. 29, 1968, 31 pp. 754 An imbroglio involving Government and drug companies stems from the basic question: Do ethical drugs cost too much? C&EN's contributing editor Kenneth Reese, examines the question, the politics, and the people. 02198 Border Taxes Earl V. Anderson, C&EN Jan. 22, 1968, 11 pp. 504 In January 1968, West Germany switched to tax-on-value-added--a move viewed by some as a minidevaluation of the deutschemark. Mr. Anderson examines this change that's enlivened the old controversy on border tax adjustments for exports and imports. 01228 1968 Starting Salary Survey David A. H. Roethel, ACS Nov. 18, 1968, 6 pp. 504 Starting salaries increased about 6% for chemists this year from last; those for chemi cal engineers moved up about 8%, accord ing to ACS survey. 11188 1968 Salary Survey David A. H. Roethel, ACS Oct. 21, 1968, 7 pp. 504 ACS survey finds that chemists salaries set record gains in 1966-68 period. Bachelors led other chemists with a 14.3% salary in crease, followed by masters with a 10.3% gain, and doctors with an increase of 9.3%. 10218 Population A 2-part feature David M. Kiefer, C&EN Oct. 7 & 14, 1968, 47 pp. 754 Mr. Kiefer finds that population is growing unchecked in much of the world, and that U.S. population will expand 50% in the next 30 years or so. Social as well as techno logical innovation is needed to thwart this ad vance. 10148 Arthritis A 3-part feature Howard J. Sanders, C&EN July 22, 29, & Aug. 12, 1968, 67 pp. 754 Causes of arthritis are still a mystery, al though more and more evidence points to in fection as a possible trigger. Mr. Sanders discusses and examines the possible causes and the past, present, and future of treat ment. 07228 Phosphonitrilic Chemistry Dr. Harry R. Allcock, Pennsylvania State University April 22, 1968, 14 pp. 50<f Interest in inorganic rings and polymers cen ters on the phosphonitrilic compounds. Dr. Allcock says these compounds are funda mentally interesting and they hold techno logical promise because their structural di versity leads to useful elastomeric proper ties, heat and flame resistance, and biologi cal activity. 04228 Ligand Substitution Dynamics Dr. Harry B. Gray, California Institute of Technology Dr. Cooper H. Langford, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada April 1, 1968, 8 pp. 50c1 Reactions of metal complexes often balance on the dynamics of ligand substitution, a very basic reaction in metal ion chemistry. Dr. Gray and Dr. Langford outline some recent advances in this field. 04018 Careers '69 A C&EN Feature March 10, 1969, 104 pp. 25f The search for relevance is explored in this issue. This annual career guide covers over* all manpower needs and salaries, gives a list of job-hunting tools, and contains two directories--one of organizations that hire chemists and chemical engineers and the other of specific job specialties for which employers seek to hire people. A separate issue. 0310! Radiation Chemistry Dr. Milton Burton University of Notre Dame Feb. 10, 1969, 11 pp. 50 Dr. Burton takes a godfatherly look at th first SO years of this field: from the work I Roentgen, Becquerel, and Marie Curie t present-day techniques of pulse radiolysis. 0211 Infrared Spectroscopy Dr. Kermit Whetsel, Tennessee Eastman Co. Feb. 5, 1968, 14 pp. 1 5W The usefulness of ir spectroscopy is widening Dr. Whetsel examines the developments in Iik strumentation, data handling, technique, anil applications, that promise greater utility in the future. 02051 1 to 49 copies--single copy price 50 to 299 copies--20% discount | Prices for larger quantities available on request >| | | 01069 09028 12168 11048 05208 02198 01228 11188 10218 10148 07228 04228 I J 1 | 1 1 04018 03109 02109 .02058 j TO: REPRINT DEPARTMENT Dept.f ACS Publications 1155 Sixteenth St., N.W. Washington, D.C. 20036 FROM: Name Street City State 'j i 1 j * 20 C&EN JUNE 9, 1969 DSW 200889 i STLCOPCB4058953  CONCENTRATES INDUSTRY Chemical industry capital spending was up slightly during the first quarter of this year, but new capital appropriations were down. According to the latest capital survey by the National Industrial Conference Board, chemical makers spent a seasonally adjusted $667 million in the first quarter of this year, up 8% from the $620 million they spent in the fourth quarter of last year. New appropriations for the first quarter of 1969 totaled a seasonally adjusted $737 million, compared with $839 million the quarter before. M. W. Kellogg will provide process design and basic engineering for Russia's 1360 metrfc-ton-perday ammonia plant to be built at Nevinnomyssk, in the Caucasus. It will be the first plant of any land in the U.S.S.R. using a Kellogg process, and it will be the nation's first single-train ammonia plant of such jumbo size. The Tokyo office of Kellogg Technical Services Co. will provide advisory and liaison services on the project and Japan's Toyo Engineering will handle the design and engineering. One roadblock to prefabricated, factory-built housing has been removed in Detroit where the Detroit Building Trades Council has agreed to negotiate industrial-type contracts with producers of factory-built houses. The move is "history making," the council claims, in that it will allow carpenters, plumbers, electricians, and the like to work under one contract and end the squab bling and delays inherent in the traditional craft union setup. Should such agreements become the trend, use of plastic piping, sandwich wall con struction, and innovation in building in general will be expedited. U.S. tire makers have formed a tire safety council to work with government officials and other interested parties in behalf of the tire consumer. The new group, dubbed the Tire Industry Safety Council, consists of all major U.S. tire makers. Its formation comes at a time when tire advertising is coming under criticism from the Federal Trade Commission as being misleading in regard to safety claims. Council chairman Ross R. Ormsby, who is also president of the Rubber Manufacturers Association, notes that federal minimum tire standards "have worked to the good of the industry as well as the consumer," but that they have also led to "some misinformation." Mesitylene is now commercially available with the nation's first bulk tank truckload of 45,000 pounds of the compound (1,3,5-trimethylbenzene) shipped from Suntide's new polymethylbenzenes unit at Corpus Christi, Tex. Suntide, a subsidiary of Sun Oil, is the only commercial supplier of mesitylene in the U.S. After being packaged in drums in Houston, part of the first shipment was exported for use in making dyes. The remainder went to domestic consumers who use it to make ultraviolet oxidation stabilizers for plastics such as polypropylene. The unit, on stream for two months, can make polymethylbenzenes which are used as raw materials for polyimides, a class of plastics with high temperature stability. Explosions hit two Du Pont plants within 24 hours last week. A series of three explosions, cause unknown, rocked the Carney's Point, N.J., smokeless powder and cellulose chemicals plant where 800 are employed left three killed, 17 injured, 4 missing, and caused damage estimated at several million dollars. These explosions followed by one day another at the company's neoprene plant in Louisville, Ky. Six employees were injured, but production is continu ing. In 1965 explosions stopped production for several months. DSW 200890 JUNE 9, 1969 C&EN 21 STLCOPCB4058954 INDUSTRY & BUSINESS Ag chemicals industry faces big changes Emerging new breed of farmers are rapidly changing traditional farming methods and adopting modern business methods Beset on several sides by do-gooders, government, and competitive pres sures, the agricultural chemi cals industry is facing unprecedented changes. Most of these changes will come from an emerging new breed of farmers, who are rapidly changing traditional methods of farming and, at the same time, adopting modem busi ness methods. This prediction of changes to come in agriculture sums up opinions both of speakers at the Commercial Chem ical Development Association's meet ing in New Orleans on the "new farmer" and of agricultural econo mists surveyed by C&EN. For the agricultural chemicals in dustry, products of which now bring only meager profits, hope is barely raised by the emergence of the new fanner and by other changes that may occur in the industry. Amazingly little data on this new breed of farmer are available, says Edwin M. Wheeler, president of the National Plant Food Institute. But the 1970 census will provide some interesting and surpris ing information on the educated, sophisticated farmer, who over the long haul will survive the shakeup in agriculture. The farmer will be the industry's customer no matter how much tougher the cost-price squeeze becomes, Mr. Wheeler adds. Changes in the marketing practices of the agricultural chemicals industry indicate the needs of the new farmer. He is demanding--and getting--ser vice, knowledge of products, and con venience. Heavy investment. The fertilizer industry is affected greatly by these changes. It must invest heavily in blending plants to make formulas tail ored as nearly as possible to the pre cise requirements of the needs of the farmers' soils and crops. It also must invest in equipment, inventory, and manpower to make prompt delivery, often with application of materials. Still other investments are made in training dealers, employees, and others to give them knowledge of products, and in obtaining market data to detect farmers' changes in preferences for products. All these investments come at a time when the industry, particularly the fertilizer part, is struggling un der very large new investment in production plants. Returns on these investments ranged from poor to tragic last year, Mr. Wheeler says. Though data are considered incom plete, the fertilizer industry sold about $2 billion worth of goods which weighed around 38 million tons gross in the last fertilizer year ending Jm 30, 1968. In this fertilizer year, tM tonnage likely will be less. But tjg nutrient content will be up a meags 3%, to about 16.5 million tons-hal the gain of the preceding year, an! a quarter of the gain in the 1961 year, say some agricultural economist; The nutrient gain predicted for t^ soon-to-end year is hedged by agricultural economists with an "if- if side-dressing of com in the Mid west with anhydrous ammonia prova to be as big as expected. Wd weather in the spring prevented f tilization to the degree desired, si farmers may try to add nitrogen u| needed. Most farmers can't justify! adding phosphorus and potassium ths late in the season. ; Low prices. Wholesale prices of; fertilizers are up substantially from the level of last year when distress' selling of ammonia was brutal. Re tail prices are down, reflecting in part efforts to cut inventories even more this year than last. If inven tories are as low as some suppliers indicate, hope exists for better profit next year. The effect of the current price situ ation has been to devastate earnings, A case in point is one of the industry's giants--International Minerals & Chem- ^ ,, ears, feyvernewpesticid ' ranted registration in the lljS n <P CM M INC Q loco STLCOPCB4058955 Want to improve your product? Union Carbide's Wellman Fewer new pesticides NPFI's Wheeler Service, knowledge, convenience ical, whose directors just omitted the 12.5 cent-per-share dividend on its common stock. In the first nine months of its fiscal year, which ends June 30, the company had a net loss of $893,000. In the same period of 1968, IMC had a profit of $6.7 mil lion. IMC easily may make up the loss and have a small profit, since its fourth fiscal quarter contains a majority of fertilizer sales. Other companies whose agricultural chemicals business is but a part of their total may equally have suffered, but a loss in agricultural chemicals will be offset by other profitable lines. For example, both Allied Chemical and Olin have reduced their agricul tural chemical businesses by selling certain product lines to other com panies. In the past five years, the cost of discovering and developing a new pes ticide has jumped 60%, estimates Dr. Richard H. Wellman of Union Car bide. The cost, beginning with syn thesis and leading to test marketing and distribution of samples, is now nearly $4.1 million, up from $2.5 mil lion in 1964, for a "typical" pesticide. (No pesticide is typical or average when figuring costs, but Dr. Well man's estimates are backed by 30 years' experience with agricultural chemicals.) The cost increases vary with what needs to be done. The costs of syn thesis and screening promising com pounds as well as toxicity and metab olism studies have doubled during the past five years. Patent work and formulation are up 20 to 25%, though both are relatively small costs. Pat- ents, for example, cost less than 1% of the total. The result of such cost increases is clear. The rate of introduction of new pesticides will further slow in the future. Dr. Wellman says. It may happen, he says, that no company will be able to afford to pay attention to minor-volume pesticide uses which still are vital to some consumer and farm groups. Expanding output. More money will be in agriculture to help cover ever-increasing costs. Output of U.S. farms will reach $73 billion in 1980, an increase of almost 50% from $49 billion in 1966, in terms of constant 1966 dollars, according to Dr. James C. Selover of Stanford Research Insti tute. This gain compares well with the gain of $14 billion over the past 14 years.. In 1980, exports of farm products will take 25% of the total output, up from about 15% of the current cash receipts of farmers. The gains in farm output that Dr. Selover predicts vary from cate gory to category, but most products-- com, livestock, poultry, fruits, and vegetables--will post good gains. Along with these gains in output, con sumption of fertilizer nutrients may reach 40 million tons by 1980, up from slightly more than 16 million tons in 1968. Sales of synthetic organic pesticides may reach $650 million in 1980, up from $280 million in 1966, Dr. Sel over estimates. Sales of herbicides and plant growth hormones will grow fastest, averaging about 8% per year. Sales of insecticides and fungicides will increase between 4 and 6% per Take a powder. We suggest our barium carbonate. No other barium carbonate is more highly reactive. And years of perform ance tests have proven it's uniformly reactive. Whether you make ceramic, chem ical, glass or electronic ceramic prod ucts, we make the complementary grade of barium carbonate. What's more, we can give you expert custom technical service, too. And fast delivery, thanks to our doubled pro duction capacity. Like more details? Just write the Pigment, Color & Chemical Dept., 101 Prospect Ave., N.W., Cleveland, Ohio 44101. Or call 216-861-7021 col lect for your nearest P.C. & C. office. The Sherwin-Williams Co. oS\N 200892 JUNE 9. 1969 C&EN 23 STLCOPCB4058956 What kind of effect do you FLUORAD Brand Surfactants have been Will IL used in many applications over the years in electro-plating baths, as leveling agents in polishes, as foaming agents, as defoaming agents, etc. They can be effective additives in many ways. Why? Because they are fluorochemicals. Perhaps FLUORAD Surfactant additives in your system can: ... lower surface tension to less than 18 dynes/cm.-- something conventional surfactants cannot offer! ... create stable foams in chemicals that destroy other additives! ... remain stable and surface active without creating excessive foam! ...provide leveling action without moisture sensitivity! ... remain stable in high heat! ... remain stable to strong acids, bases, reducing and oxidizing agents! ...cut immersion time in alkaline cleaners or acid etchants! ...act as a wetting agent for plastics without stress cracking! Just what kind of effect do you want? Write to Dept. KCD-6-69, 3M Company, Chemical Division, 3M Center, St. Paul, Minn. 55101. Fluorad Surfactants 310 24 C&EN JUNE 9, 1969 year through 1980, Dr. Selover add] Such gains predicted for sales t agricultural chemicals follow from a timates of needed gain in output mestic and export needs require ft] crop production increase 1.9% a nually and domestic needs require ftj livestock production increase 1,7' annually over the next 15 to 20 yeas says Dr. George W. Irving, Jr., heads the U.S. Department of Agi culture's Agricultural Research Servio Such performance appears possih based on past records. Between 19J and 1966, crop yields increased 2.2? J on the average, compounded annu and livestock production increaj 1.7% on the same basis. The past gain came from fa putting to use a backlog of new knowii edge. Dr. Irving says. Now the bad log is dwindling as agriculture n| search is not keeping far ahead of farmers. Fund and persoal nel limits cause agricultural reseana to be selective. Work is concentrate in areas such as better application methods for fertilizers, insect steriBj zation, and biological pest controls. Other changes coming to agricultun are in the more-of-the-same class: bigger but fewer farms, fewer farm ers, and concentration of buying power* per farm. In spite of laws proposed in some states against corporate farm-' ing, corporations are becoming in creasingly significant According to recent figures, about 1% of the na tion's farms are incorporated, says Ferrest L. Goetch of Doane Agricul tural Service. These farms operate about 7% of the farm land and may aocount for about 10% of farm out put. Small profit in farming since 1966, when feed-the-world fever raged and attracted many companies, has de terred most public corporations from moving into agriculture. Still, con glomerates such as CBK Industries of Kansas City, Gates Rubber of Den ver, and Gulf Western Industries of New York are moving into fanning relatively large scales, usually through subsidiaries. Other corporate farms come about when families incorporate to gain tax advantages. Corporate farms will affect the agri cultural chemical industry through, their potential buying volumes and de mands for service, Mr. Goetch says. Competitive bidding could become common. Application services will be sought as an answer to labor prob lems. Corporate farmers will keep better records and, as a result, be: quicker to recognize good products, And they will be in business, taking large amounts of materials and equip ment for a long time rather than, quitting farming next year "to take i factory job in town." DSW 200893 - STLCOPCB4058957 Required reading for pennypinching hyarotropists. ^ - ***** GAFAC* RP-710 NEW PHOSPHATE ESTER HYDROTROPE '4^IVWjw^#***,* GAFAC RP-710 <3 a low-rooming anionic surfactant which exhibits exceptional ability to solubilize certain nonionic detergents in alkaline solutions. Chemically it is orv organic phosphate ester surfactont in the free acid form. GAFAC RP-710 is particularly effective in solubilizing .low-foaming nonionic GAFAC RA-600 and GAFAC RP-710--two phosphate esters that can trim your hydrotrope costs. Send for your copies of these bulletins. When you're evaluating hy drotropes for conventional or low-foam detergent sys tems, take a close look at GAFAC RA-600 and GAFAC RP-710--two, new phos phate ester surfactants from GAF. These materials are highly efficient hydrotropes which can significantly re duce the cost of solubilizing nonionic detergents in al kaline systems. For example: In conventional suds ing formulations, evaluate GAFAC RA-600. Solubility studies show that you'll need between 25 and 50 percent less GAFAC RA-600 than two (Conventional hydrotropes widely used to solubilize nonionic detergents (see table at left). And unlike most hy drotropes, GAFAC RA-600 is also an excellent detergent with good surface tension, wetting, detergency and electrolytic compatibility. In low-foam formula tions, take a look at GAFAC RP-710. It foams less than sodium xylene sulfonate (SXS). And, you'll need only half as much of this material as you'd need of SXS to solu bilize the same amount of most low-foam nonionics (see table). For more data on GAFAC RA-600 and GAFAC RP-710, or on any of the other GAFAC phosphate esters, just mail the coupon. DSW 200894 STLCOPCB4058958 ssrs. GAS sensing Conveniently monitors atmospheric or contained ozone in ranges up to 100 pphm/vol. . Mast meters detect nitrogen dioxide, chlorine, also other oxidants. Portable, lightweight. Mast also offers balloon-borne ozone sondes and ozone chambers for testing rubber and other materials. STRIPCHART RECORDER : with ozone meter, provides continuous remote recording of oxidant concentra tions. Replaces microammeter In circuit for permanent recordings, extends operat ing range. Phone or write for brochure. MAST DEVELOPMENT COMPANY 1212 E. 12th 8t,, Davenport, la. 52KB, (lit) SSOMt SUBSIDIARY OF AV ELECTRONICS INC. 26 C&EN JUNE 9. 1969 FEDERAL AFFAIRS By LOUIS AGNELLO, Bureau Head Washington News Bureau Personnel problems plague DuBridge Much has been written about the public relations job Presidential science adviser Lee A. DuBridge faces in trying to rebuild the sci entific confidence shattered by the Nixon Administration's stance on the controversial antiballistic missile system and the subsequent Long fiasco. However, little, if anything, has been written about the personnel problems Dr. DuBridge faces within the White House sci ence staff. It is this last problem which could prove to be the more serious in terms of overall impact on government/science relations. At this writing, the White House is preparing to announce { Dr. DuBridge's choice for his alter ego, or number two man within the Office of Science and Technology. One might be tempted to say that it is about time--considering that Dr. DuBridge has had nearly six months in which to find someone suitable to take the job. Dr. DuBridge inherited a seasoned and highly capable staff virtually intact from his predecessor, Dr. Donald F. Homig. When the new Presidential science adviser held his first staff meeting the day after the inauguration, only Dr. Homig and his deputy. Dr. Ivan L. Bennett, Jr., were missing. Unfortunately for Dr. DuBridge, this stability was to be short-lived. First OS&T staffer to depart--and not at all unexpectedly--was Dr. Walter S. Baer, who left March 30. Wally, a young solid-state 1 physicist who came to OS&T after a year as a White House fellow assigned to former Vice President Humphrey's staff, 'was concerned with basic research, academic science, and computers. He also served as OS&T's liaison to the National Science Foundation. The untimely death of Dr. Nicholas E. "Nick" Golovin on April 27 was a crippling and tragic blow to the OS&T staff. Nick had been OS&T's resident expert on aeronautics/space and communications since 1962. At the time of his death, he had just returned from a leave of absence to spearhead OS&T's studies of the U.S. space program for the post-Apollo period, and the supersonic transport. In the past few weeks, the exodus of seasoned OS&T staffers has reached near epidemic proportions. Items: Spurgeon M. Keeny, Jr., OS&T's national security affairs expert, is expected to leave shortly to become assistant director of the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency. One of the top authorities in Government on nuclear arms inspection and control, nuclear physi cist Keeny has been with the White House science staff since 1957. Daniel F. Margolies, a Foreign Service officer on leave to OS&T for the past five years, also plans to retire shortly. Dr. Charles V. Kidd, a veteran of five years with OS&T, also will call it quits soon (July 1). Dr. Kidd is executive secretary to the Federal Council for Science and Technology. Within OS&T, he specialized in the academic science and higher education areas. . Thus, Dr. DuBridge finds himself facing staff vacancies in such critical areas of OS&T involvement as national security, aero nautics/space, basic research, and medical science (Dr. Bennett's departure leaves OS&T without a single medical man). This--at a time when the President continues to heap more and more responsi bilities on the already overburdened OS&T staff. The most recent of these new responsibilities is to provide staff for the just-created Cabinet-level council on the environment. To his credit, President Nixon so far has rung his science adviser into virtually every national issue which has any scientific or technological component. If Dr. DuBridge is unable to carry through adequately on the ever-growing Presidential assignment list because of staff inadequacies, the President may decide to go elsewhere to get the work done. DSW 200895 STLCOPCB4058959 INDUSTRY THIS WEEK IN BRIEF Just the New construction United States Steel will open new coal mine and preparation plant near Pineville; W.Va. Facility will have capacity of more than 14,000 tons of coal per day. Production sche duled to start in late 1970. Atlantic Richfield has broken ground for 100,000 barrel-per-day oil re finery near Bellingham, Wash, Plant, scheduled for completion by late 1971, will cost more than $100 mil lion. Extrudo Film Corp., affiliate of Enjay Chemical Co., is expanding its cast polypropylene capacity at Pottsville, Pa. Investment will be more than $1 million. Present capacity will increase by 140%. American Cyanamid will build multimillion-dollar melamine plant with an nual capacity of 70 million pounds at its Fortier complex near New Or leans. Urea, which is produced at the Fortier complex, will be used as starting material. Completion sche duled for early 1971. Burdett Oxygen Co. will spend $4 million during current fiscal year in the final part of six-year, $20 million capital expansion program which in troduced company into on-site produc tion of gases. Included in program is 400 ton-per-day facility at Niagara Falls, N.Y., and 1200 ton-per-day plant near Joliet, III. FMC Corp.'s organic chemicals di vision has begun commercial produc tion of synthetic glycerine at its Bayport plant near Houston, Tex. Com pletion of facility adds 40 million pounds per year to company's U.S. capacity for the chemical. Phillips Petroleum will build polypro pylene plant at its Adams terminal near Houston, Tex. To have annual capacity of 85 million pounds, plant is to be on stream by late 1970. Corporate Texaco, Inc., is first commercial firm to sign an agreement with the Atomic Energy Commission under which cali fornium-252 will be loaned to the company for nuclear logging research. Texaco's research laboratories at Bellaire, Tex., will evaluate application of the radioisotope in well logging for new oil and gas reserves. International Societa Chimica Italo Americana, S.A.S., Milan, Italy, and GAF Corp. have reached agreement under which GAF Italy, (S.R.L.), will take over sales and distribution of dyes, pig ments, and chemicals formerly handled by SCIA. Thiokol Chemical Co., Bristol, Pa., Toyo Rayon Co., Ltd., and Nomura Jimusho, Inc., Japan, will form a joint stock company in Japan called Toray Thiokol Co., Ltd., to make and market polysulfide polymers, based on Thiokol technology. Planned ca pacity is 2000 tons per year. Nepera Chemical Co., Harriman, N.Y., subsidiary of Warner-Lambert Phar maceutical Co., will market its own pyridine. Company's sales agree ment with Midland Yorkshire Tar Dis tillers, Ltd., to handle its pyridine out put expires end of this month. Continental Oil Co. and Compania Iberica Refinadora de Petroleos, S.A. (Petroliber), have signed agreement to build coking and calcining com plex adjacent to Petroliber's La Cor una refinery on Spain's Atlantic coast. Capacity will be about 100,000 met ric tons per year. Plant will be first petroleum coke venture in Spain. Chemical Construction Corp. (Chemico) has changed name of its sub sidiary in Tokyo to Chemico Engi neering Co., Ltd. Office formerly called Petrochem Engineering Co., Ltd. Rheinische Olefinwerke, GmbH (ROW), at Wesseling near Cologne, West Germany, joint venture of Badische Anilin- & Soda-Fabrik (BASF) and Deutsche Shell, West Germany, has opened its first production facility for polypropylene using gas-phase polymerization process developed by BASF. Starting capacity will be 53 million pounds per year. New prod uct will be sold by BASF under trade name Novolen. Surface Active Agents! Cyanamid is proud to present the two new est additions to its line of sulfosuccinatetype surface active agents...AEROSOL A-102 and AEROSOL A-103. These surfact ants are derived from nonionic ethoxylates and since they combine in one surfactant molecule both nonionic and anionic char acter, they offer tremendous versatility. While both of these new AEROSOL surfact ants have been primarily investigated for use in emulsion polymerization, tne physi cal, chemical and surface active properties indicate a wide variety of end uses. AEROSOL AEROSOL TYPICAL PROPERTIES A-102 A-103 surfactant surfactant Appearance clear, yellow, 30% water solution dear, orangeyellow, 34.6% water solution CMC. wt. % Surface Tension at CMC, dy./cm. Rewetting of paper Stability to polyvalent salts: Mg, Ca, Zn, Cu, Fe.AI Ba Stability to cationic surfactants: Alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chlorides Alkyl trimethyl ammonium chlorides 0.11 30 good excellent fair excellent excellent 0.02 33 good excellent very good excellent excellent Both AEROSOL A-102 and A-103 surfact ants are now available in commercial quantities. If you would like samples and additional information on either product, return coupon below. II---------e--r-~----e---r-A----i-- --AM---i-B------_--=->-----------1 | American Cyanamid Company Process Chemicals Department jJ I Wayne, New Jersey | I Please send me the information j j checked below. I am interested for { J possible use in------------------------------ I AEROSOL* A-102 surfactant I | literature samples j j AEROSOL* A-103 surfactant | j literature samples 1 j NAME | | TITLE j I COMPANY _____ I APtfEBB | ! riTV _ I I STATE -J DSW 200896 JUNE 9, 1969 C&EN 27 STLCOPCB4058960 ;:C:t',,V\\ LC0 ^> v -, - ^ '* * -' [> : systeinB "' solve liquid .?* I-- ** m " * `''4* -t'-'"'* 4" -"'VY^ '\`>r - ''l* ./: ' waste problems..; ;. - ...and Prenco ads in Environmental Science & Technology ! ! solve circulation waste problems. || I! !i Pyro-Decomposition is a unique concept marketed by In turn, Environmental Science & Technology is happy ri ;I Prenco Division of Pickands Mather & Co.* to meet the to help solve Prenco's circulation waste problems by ii demands for more effective pollution control. How? By using high temperature to effectively destroy liquid in carrying Prenco's message to the heart of the pollution control market. Thus, the merits of Pyro-Decomposition dustrial wastes. It's relatively inexpensive and highly are read by the managers, engineers, and scientists who effective. And it's tangible proof that pollution can be make the decisions... the men who read Environmental controlled in a practical way. Science & Technology. I! ENVIRONMENTAL Advertising Management: REINHOLD PUBLISHING CORPORATION i! mScience & Technology SUBSIDIARY OF LITTON PUBLICATIONS. INC. An American Chemical Society Publication Division of Litton Industries 000 Summsr St., Stamford, Conn. 06904 Prenco units are manufactured exclusively by the Prenco Manufacturing Co., Royal Oak, Michigan OSVM 20897 STLCOPCB4058961  CONCENTRATES INTERNATIONAL Netherlands fibers group, AKU, is bidding for outstanding shares of Glanzstoff, A.G. Glanzstoff is a West German subsidiary of Algemene Kunstzijde Unie, but AKU is seeking to buy 26% of outstanding Glanzstoff stock. AKU is offering nominal 20 guilder shares and cash totaling about $110 for each Glanzstoff share. The deal is part of AKU corporate reorganization which will make the parent company a holding company, AKU, N.V. Production facilities in Europe will be controlled by a new company, ENKA, N.V., and ENKA with Glanzstoff will be managed as a single entity. Intemational operations of AKU will be managed by another new company, ENKA International, N.V. Britain's ICI will cut nylon supplies this month by about 25% because of an explosion at its nylon intermediates plant at Wilton in Yorkshire. The shortage is aggravating an already tight nylon supply in the U.K. Output by Imperial Chemical Industries in June will be down to some 14 million pounds, compared with 17.6 million pounds in May. The damaged plant should be back in operation next month, ICI says. New nylon capacity, scheduled to be in operation later this year, will add 70,000 long tons a year of polymer to bring ICI's total nylon yam capacity to some 300 million pounds annu ally. Nearly all of ICI's nylon polymer goes into fibers. An estrogen-free birth control pill is now available in the U.K., according to Syntex Pharmaceuti cal. Ltd. The low-dosage pill, required to be taken daily, contains 0.5 mg. of the hormone chloromadinone acetate. Thus the pill avoids com plications, such as thrombosis, that may be linked to taking estrogens, Syntex says. The risk of pregnancy, however, is higher than for estro- ' genic pills. Failure rate of the new product is 2.8 pregnancies per 100 woman-years, comprising 2.0 human failure rate and 0.8 product failure rate. Failure rate for estrogenic pills is less than 0.1, while the figure for sequential pills is 3 to 5 pregnancies per 100 woman-years. Scholven-Chemie has acquired Salzgitter Chemie to form West Germany's largest single fertilizer producer. Salzgitter Chemie will be renamed Nord-Chemie, which with Scholven-Chemie will boast 28 % of the federal republic's fertilizer capac ity. The takeover became effective June 1; Scholven-Chemie will pay $14 million for Salzgitter's property, plants, and equipment. Scholven is owned by Hibernia, A.G., which in turn is owned by West Germany's energy giant VEBA. The government has a minority interest in VEBA. Salzgitter Chemie is part of the Salzgitter group which is owned entirely by the West German government. The company has been plagued by poor profit for some time and the merger is viewed as an attempt to remedy the situation. Three major fiber firms in Japan have abandoned a cooperation pact of more than two years' standing. The agreement (C&EN, Jan. 2, 1967, page 19) called for con sultation on research, production, and sales among Teijin, Ltd., Kanegafuchi Spinning, and Nippon Rayon (in order of size). The three firms' biggest lines are, respectively, polyester fiber making, cotton spinning, and nylon fiber making. Nippon Rayons forthcoming merger with Nichibo Co., another major cotton spinner (C&EN, March 31, page 15) upsets this product complementarity. Earlier abandonment of plans to form a three-way acrylic fiber venture, one of the agreement's original goals, was another factor in ending the pact. DSW 200898 june 9, 69 c&en STLCOPCB4058962 INTERNATIONAL Hoechst has new company structure New arrangement allows management to operate with high degree of autonomy Two recent changes only weeks apart are combining to give Farbwerke Hoechst a fresh new face. Last month the West German chemical giant junked its old departmental setup for an entirely new structure. In the works for some time, the new organi zation divides Hoechst activities into 12 business areas. At last week's shareholders meet ing, Dr. Rolf Sammet became Hoechst president, only its second since World War II. Dr. Sammet succeeds Prof. West Germany's Farbwerke Hoechst has re placed its old structure of seven divisions ... Inorganics, nitrogen, plant protection agents Dyes, surfactants, auxiliaries and intermediates Petrochemicals, plastics Pharmaceuticals Fibers Films Welding techniques, industrial gases, low-temperature tech niques, construction . . . with a new organization of 12 business areas ... Inorganic chemicals Organic chemicals (aliphatic and aromatic) Agriculture (fertilizers, plant protection agents, feed supple ments) Dyes and specific dye precursors Surfactants and auxiliaries Fibers and fiber precursors Paint raw materials and dispersions Plastics and waxes Films Reproduction techniques and office equipment Pharmaceuticals Cosmetics (being formed) . . . and two special areas Construction (Friedrich Udhe, GmbH) Low-temperature techniques, welding techniques, and industrial gases (Messer Griesheim, GmbH) 30 C&EN JUNE 9, 1969 Karl Winnacker, who becomes chair- ; man of Hoechst's supervisory board, i Prof. Winnacker's retirement marks ; the end of an era--he is the last of: the company presidents from prewar) I. G. Farben. At the helm since; 1952, he was the first president of the * "reborn" Hoechst, formed in 1951,.f Under his guidance Hoechst has in 18; years mushroomed into one of the| world's biggest chemical corpora-1 tions. i The giant now headed by Dr. Sam-] met registered world sales last year of nearly $2 billion. More .than half of these sales came from ex-: ports and production plants outside West Germany. Today Hoechst mar-' kets products in more than 120 coun tries, while the number of its em-i ployees has nearly tripled from 26,000, in 1951 to 71,000 last year. ' The new organizational changes at: Hoechst were initiated May 1 and go fully into effect by year's end.f Under the old arrangement, Hoechstj production activities were divided! into seven departments. Such funo-| tions as research and development engineering, sales, and accounting] were centralized and coordinated with] the various departments. The di-| rectors of these production depart^ ments and the coordinating functionsj made up the "vorstand" or board. | "But Hoechst had become too big? and too spread out over the entire} world for this approach," Dr. Sammed points out. So operations are now organized into 12 "geschaeftsbereiche'' or business areas and two "sonder- bereiche" or special areas. Each of these 12 business areas has its ownJ production, sales, research, application! techniques, planning, and accountings functions. Each is headed up by a] "sprecher," or spokesman. In addi-1 tion, because of Hoechst's large in-|j vestment in production facilities]! abroad, the firm now has a vorstand^ member responsible for foreign pi duction. Under the new arrangement, the, management of each area will operal with a high degree of autonomy. Each director of an area is respon sible for the profit (or the loss) oy his area. Vorstand members will no longer make routine decisions or hav6j| administrative duties. .'!! Does the new organization togetherjj with top management change presage" a new direction for Hoechst? "Not, really," says Dr. Sammet. "As in the DSW 200899 STLCOPCB4058963 Meas For i(\NOVATiONS whrkPQ Dr. Rolf Sammet Know-how and patent strength past we will continue to emphasize the fields where we have considerable know-how and patent strength." These fields are dyes and pigments, plastics, fibers, and pharmaceuticals. Of Hoechst's overseas markets, the United States will still get most of its attention. At present the firm's in vestment in the U.S. is running three times that of its investment in all of South America as well as in all of Asia. Currently Hoechst produces drugs, films, dyes, and fibers in the U.S. "We do have plans for other products there, but it is still too early to talk about them," Dr. Sammet says. Because of high tariffs, the emphasis will continue to be on setting up production plants in the U.S. Like Prof. Winnacker, Dr. Sammet is optimistic about the economic out look for his company. He predicts another good year for Hoechst and doesn't share the West German gov ernment's present concern over infla tion. "I don't believe the economy is as overheated as Bonn says it is and I don't see the need for the introduc tion to business of any restrictive measures," Dr. Sammet stresses. Hoechst's new president is just as bullish over the firm's long-term pros pects. He sees few difficulties for the West German chemical industry-- with the possible exception of die continuing energy problem (C&EN, March 4, 1968, page 32). "Still, we could have a serious problem in the 1970's, unless there is bigger improve ment yet," Dr. Sammet cautions. idEA: Use the gel-forming ; property of N sodium silicate to develop a slowrelease mechanism for agricultural chemicals. Example. A chemical plant food that releases its active ingredients over an extended period. .' Nutrients such as ammonium, potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen compounds are dissolved in an acid solution. A dilute solution of sodium or potassium silicate is then stirred in, along with essential trace elements. The slurry is cooled : until it gels. Finally, the gel is broken into particles of desired size and dried. How it works. This plant food is hard and highly porous. It holds the soil nutrients so effectively that they are released only gradually. The slow, controlled . leaching process is not affected even by heavy rain. Suggestion. Silicate gel formation could provide desirable "slow-motion" timing for agricultural and other chemicals in which delayed action would mean improved efficiency and better control. PQ makes soluble silicates and offers a greater variety of these versatile chemicals than anybody else. Their useful properties have proved valuable in: adhesives, detergents, cleaning compounds, soap builders, bleaching pulp and textiles, binders, cements, clarifying raw and waste water (as coagulant aids), deflocculants, dispersants, protective coatings and films, rust inhibitors, sizes, sols and gels. For more information on how PQ silicates can help you in your own production, write or call us: (215) 627-7200. . Philadelphia Quartz Company 1162 Public Ledger Bldg., Philadel phia, Pa. 19106; Philadelphia Quartz Co. of California, Berkeley, Calif. 94710; National Silicates Limited, Toronto 14, Ont.; Silicatos y Derivados, S.A., Tlalnepantla, Edo. de Mexico Fa DSW 200900 JUNE 9. 1969 C&EN 31 STLCOPCB4058964 Communications Projection Graphic arts IR Guidance jf i V' Solar iff.' Simulation fit Search lights iff Photochemistry //?/ Aerospace Instrumentation Photoprint Jack Of all trades. You name the lamp. Hanovia has it. Compact arc lamps ranging from 30 watts to 30,000 watts. Lamps that can operate at DC, AC, pulsed, simmer-flash or modulated modes. Lamps for all purposes. Just ask us. Every lamp features high intensity, high brightness, full spectrum, long life, complete reliability, rapid start and no maintenance. Most have one universal starter. All are made in America. Whatever your lamp require ments, Hanovia can fill them. Write or call us for complete technical information. * ENGELHARD HANOVIA, INC. * HHnoum LAMP DIVISION 100 Chestnut St.. Newark, New Jersey 07105 32 C&EN JUNE 9, 1969 U.K.'s lead in carbon fibers market may shift to Japan and U.S. The U.K.'s current lead in the small but lucrative carbon fiber market may soon be lost to Japan and the U.S. In Japan, Kureha Chemical Industry Co. plans to build a 120 metric-tonper-year carbon fiber plant as part of an ethylene/acetylene facility sched uled to go on stream later this year. Meanwhile, in the U.S., Hercules, Inc., and Whittaker Corp. have closed deals with U.K. companies to market or produce the specialty fibers. Because of the $90- to $300-perpound price, carbon fibers are not used much in industrial quantities, but the price could be as low as $12 per pound or less in an industrial production plant, fiber experts say. Currently, the British government is studying a proposal to build a large plant in the U.K., following an urgent recommendation in a Ministry of Tech nology report issued earlier this year. Most scientists in the U.K. and elsewhere agree that carbon fiber can become a comparatively high-volume product if the price falls to less than about $20 a pound. Current produc tion of the fiber in the U.K. by gov ernment research laboratories, RollsRoyce, Morgan Crucible Co., and Courtaulds cannot be pinpointed, but is estimated to be as high as several tens of tons annually. Apart from captive use by Rolls-Royce (about 6 tons in 1968), most of the fiber is exported to the U.S. Carbon fibers, produced by carbon izing polyacrylonitrile or other fibers, are up to 10 times stronger and five to 10 times stiffer than high-tensile steel fibers, on a weight-for-weight basis. The fine, graphitelike carbon filaments make light, tough, but ex pensive composites when combined with, for example, epoxy resins. The composites are used in aerospace and nuclear industries, where price may not be the first consideration (C&EN, Aug. 26, 1968, page 35). Linked unit. Kureha's plans to build a production facility in Japan rest on a linked unit producing ethylene/acetylene directly from crude oil by thermal cracking. As by product, instead of petroleum coke, Kureha's process makes tar, or pitch, from which the company makes car bon fiber. Although Kureha expects to sell the fiber for less than $10 a pound, so far physical properties of fibers produced from tar or pitch generally don't compare well with those of filaments produced from acry lic fibers. For example, fibers made from pitch have a tensile strength of about 150,000 p.s.i. and a modulus of about 10 million p.s.i., compared to 350,000 p.s.i., and 60 million p.s.i., respectively, for fiber made from acrylics. Within the last few months, two of the three companies producing carbon fiber in the U.K. have completed commercial agreements with compa nies in the U.S. Hercules has ob tained the exclusive right to sell Courtaulds' carbon fibers in the U.S., with an option to manufacture at a later date. Whittaker Corp. and Mor gan Crucible Co. have formed a joint company, Whittaker-Morgan, to make and market the fibers in the U.S. The joint company (60?! owned by Whittaker) is building a plant at Costa Mesa, Calif. Each deal has the approval of the U.K.'s National Research Development Corp., which holds the basic patents of government and issues licenses for production and fabrication. Where carbon fibers go from here isn't clear. Even if the U.-K. decides it should have a large carbon fiber plant, it's unlikely the plant would be producing until well into next year. Also, patent protection of the produc tion processes for continuous fibers may not be strong enough to prevent plant building outside the U.K. Basic patents have been sought by com panies or groups from at least three countries. CLOSE LOOK. A scientist at U.K.'s Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Harwell, takes a close look at a single carbon fih^r rinrino ulfracnnir toet DSW 200901 STLCOPCB4058965 !dU!jV$$ i-'fiMfifrTfriiHM"- Photo by Hay Itakow a c&en special uahvon causes, costs, controls This section, placed in the center of the issue, is designed to be removed and saved. DSW 200902 JUNE 9, 1969 C&EN 33 STLCOPCB4058966 Photo, Florida State News Bureau No one has to make a case anymore for the need for pollution con trol or for the related concept of en vironmental management. Open the window, go boating, drive along the highway, take a plane trip--that should provide recognition enough that a real pollution problem exists. Here C&EN's Arnold Levitt gives you a glimpse of this problem and of the complex problems facing the U.S. in its attempts to come to grips with the most urgent elements of environ mental control--air and water pollu tion abatement. We'll leave the dis cussion of the less pressing problems-- at least for now--of solid wastes and ra dioactive wastes for another time. We will examine the principal causes of pollution, the costs of abatement, and the legislation and enforcement mea sures taken by various levels of gov ernment to attempt to control the environment. Some of the highlights of the many actions that industry --the chemical industry, partic Our trees along with man and birds and all life on our planet reach up or look to our ularly--has taken to halt the nation's atmosphere for sustenance as well as protection. Numerous unwanted by-products increasing air and water pollution are included as well as some important technological developments that may With technological advance, the va facturing companies, which plan to help minimize future pollution. riety of goods that we use increases, pour an estimated $405 million into U.S. citizens, most with first-hand too. New materials and chemicals re capital expenditures for pollution con experience with pollution, are deeply sult in thousands of new pollutants. trol in the period 1967-71. concerned about the state of their en The harmfulness of these pollutants is Many industry leaders, such as vironment, and many have started to sometimes known, but sometimes only Allied Chemical Corp.'s board chair do something about managing it prop suspected. Man has been ingenious man John T. Connor, are urging that erly. Federal air and water pollution in learning to mine, process, and dis Congress continue to make tax cred laws have been strengthened. The tribute the earth's resources for his its available for pollution control ex states are stiffening their air and wa benefit and well-being. Unfortu penditures. Pointing in this direction ter pollution regulations. Some have nately, he has given relatively little is a drive in Congress to exempt pol handed out heavy fines to industrial systematic thought to the problem of lution control equipment from a Nixon air pollution offenders. wastes. Administration proposal to eliminate Industry, in general, has dragged the 7 % investment credit on new pro Two factors its feet in achieving pollution control within its own structure system. Fed duction equipment. One of the most critical water pol The increasing magnitude of our eral, state, and local sentiment and lution problems confronting industry nation's pollution problem stems from legislation have moved industry to two main factors: urbanization and take some measures to try to prevent technical advance. In 1920, for ex pollution of the environment. The ample, less than half the country's 106 movement, for the most part however, million people lived in cities. Forty has been slow, sullen, and hung up on years later, the urban population ac arguments of uneconomic investment. counted for 70% of the nation's 179 Many companies, however, have be million. By the end of the century gun to realize that pollution abate 95% of an estimated 280 million in ment can be good public relations and, the U.S. will live in urban areas, the therefore, can and should be a legiti U.S. Public Health Service says. As mate cost of doing business. Indeed, people live increasingly in city con Sen. Edmund Muskie (D.-Me.), one centrations, their residues also con of the leading proponents of federal centrate, and it is there that the prob pollution legislation, said recently, "I lems become most acute. The old think that industry's attitude gener maxim of biology holds for the human ally, is now more constructive, more animal as surely as it does for other positive more public spirited." living things: An organism can't sur vive in its own waste! Industry's more cooperative attitude is exemplified by the chemical manu Sen. Muskie of Maine A driving force to halt pollution 34 C&EN JUNE 9. 1969 DSW 200903 STLCOPCB4058967 'TjUTim'IttTM -..... - ... - ------------------ - of man's technology also ascend into our enveloping atmosphere, if left unchecked. Our present task is to ensure that such pollutants do not remain unchecked now and in the future arises from oil spills. Recent spills by ocean tankers carrying crude oil coupled with the leakage last January of more than 200,000 gallons of oil from a well six miles offshore from Santa Barbara, Calif., have spurred new water pollu tion legislative action in Congress. One bill (H.R. 4148) that's partly de signed to protect the nation from off shore oil spills has been passed by the House of Representatives. Different problems Water pollution problems today are vastly different than they were a few decades ago. Then, the major prob lem was waterborne bacteria that caused typhoid fever. Fortunately, development of effective filtration and chlorination techniques ended typhoid epidemics and made municipal water supplies safe for American cities. To day, however, the volume of metro politan and industrial wastes is tre mendous and includes an increasing number of synthetic chemical con taminants, many of which were non existent a decade ago. Any assess ment of the water pollution problem must take into account the relation ship between the total available sup ply of fresh water--essentially fixed and amounting to about 1100 billion gallons a day in the U.S.--and the quantity of waste-carrying water. In 1954, some 190 billion gallons of wa ter carrying various wastes were re turned to U.S. streams. In the year 2000, polluted returns will amount to 889 billion gallons, about two thirds of the total, the U.S. Public Health Ser vice estimates. Cleaning up our water is going to be very expensive. The U.S. Interior Department's Federal Water Pollu tion Control Administration (FWPCA) estimates that it will take at least $26 billion to get the nation's lakes and streams up to water quality standards by 1973. Legislation passed in 1966 called for the Federal Government to contribute $2.4 billion to waste treatment plant construction through 1971. Because of the current spending squeeze in Washington, however, appropriations have been way below authorized levels. For an understanding of why pollu tion of the environment has gotten out of hand one must realize that the Federal Government hasn't always operated its environmental control programs in the most efficient fashion. Environmental control activities in the Federal Government are now scat tered among myriads of agencies in several Cabinet departments. There has been much talk in federal gov ernment circles about coordinating these activities into one department. A step in this direction was taken late last year with the creation of a new branch of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW)--the Consumer Protection and Environ mental Health Service (CPEHS). Headed by Charles C. Johnson, a san itary engineer, CPEHS proclaims it self "the lead agency in the federal establishment to ensure that our grow ing knowledge of both ecology and technology is vigorously applied to man's environment and the products he consumes." Man still knows little about the harmful effects of certain pollutants on human health; much research needs to be done to obtain such in formation. As one local pollution of ficial says, however, "We can't afford to wait for research findings on harm ful effects of pollutants while our air and streams get dirtier and dirtier." Scientists and engineers in govern ment and industry are playing key roles in controlling the environment. Chemists at FWPCA laboratories are working on a variety of new ways to control water pollution. Analytical chemists at HEW's National Air Pol lution Control Administration labora tories are developing automatic in struments for air monitoring and more sensitive methods to analyze for pol lutants such as sulfur dioxide. Engi neers are designing new plants and processes that give better pollution protection. Many scientists and engi neers have entered the pollution con trol business as consultants and are aiding small companies in their waste problems. Charles C. Johnson of CPEHS Applies ecology and technology to environment DSW 200904 JUNE 9, 1969 C&EN 35 STLCOPCB4058968 "*AIR POLLUTION CONTROL Bulletins 1. General Catalog of all four basic types of dust and fume collection equipment. (6-102) 2. Electrostatic precipitators, how they work--where they're used. (P-138) 3. Mechanical dust collectors -- world famous Multiclone. (M-230) 4. High temperature filters-- operation, installation, application. (F-106) 5. Wet scrubbers and their utility. (TD-101R) 6. Scrubbers for compact installations. (J-110) 7. Determination of the velocity, volume, dust and mist content of gases. (WP-50) $1 REG. PRICE -NOW FREE ON REQUEST 8. How to deal with apartment house incinerator smoke. (1-67) 9. WP dust valves for all free flowing solids. (V-101) 10. Dust and fume control for the Cement industry. (C-198) WESTERN PRECIPITATION DIVISION JOY MANUFACTURING CO. REPRESENTATIVES IN ALL MAJOR CITIES, WORLDWIDE 11. Dust and fume control systems service the Steel industry. (S-57) 12. Equipment for measuring gas velocity and aerosol concentration. (GV-22) --------------FILL OUT AND MAIL THIS COUPON---------------- WESTERN PRECIPITATION DIVISION 1000 West Ninth Street, Los Angeles, Calif. 90015 Please send me the following free WP bulletins: 123456789 10 11 Please have a representative call. 12 NAME COMPANY NAME ADDRESS CITY TITLE STATE 7ip DSW 200905 STLCOPCB4058969 C&EN Pollution Special Controlling the environment is an arduous, expensive task, and the U.S. is making an impressive start. Local and state government To be effective, the national effort to abate pollution must function at all levels of government. Local govern ments are close to the problems but lack resources. States are close to the problems--but not so close as to feel local pressures--and they have re sources. States also have tire consti tutional authority to regulate on mat ters of public health, until recently the only issue involved in pollution. Thus, many pollution control ex perts believe that the states are in a favored position to deal with pollution matters. The Federal Government, reflecting this belief, has maintained that development of the legal ma chinery to abate pollution is best left to state offices and personnel. In the case of water pollution control stand ards, the Federal Government, under direction of the Water Quality Act of 1965, required each state to prepare criteria that, on approval by the Fed eral Government, would become state, and where appropriate, regional wa ter quality standards. (Standards for all 50 states have now been ap proved.) On the other hand, in the case of air pollution control standards, the states, under the provisions of the Air Quality Act of 1967, are required to propose air quality criteria; be cause of the regional nature of air pollution problems, though, the Fed eral Government sets the standards. Now the major task is to implement the water standards (air standards have not yet been set). Implementa tion has been made more difficult by the federal budget squeeze. Federal legislation authorized $700 million for fiscal 1969 to construct municipal waste treatment plants, but only $214 million was appropriated. Only $214 million is specified for fiscal 1970. FWPCA program grants to support state pollution control administrations have received full authorization to date, $10 million annually, according to Joseph Amaral, Jr., chief of FWPCA's state and regional program branch. These program grants--to taling $9 million in fiscal 1969--go to states on a matching basis to help them plan and administer their water pollution abatement programs. The states' budgets plus the federal grants (excluding construction grants) to taled $9.1 million in 1959. Last year the states spent an estimated $22 mil lion for water pollution abatement along with $8.7 million in federal funds, a total investment greater than $30 million. The figure for 1969 is expected to continue the steady rise of recent years. State air pollution control programs are newer than water programs for two reasons: People have historically been con cerned about a pure supply of water; air purity is a very new problem. What control was attempted for air pollution was usually at the local level. The Clean Air Act of 1963 prodded the states along by giving the Federal Government a role, though limited, in control of both in terstate and intrastate air pollution. Pioneer states Wisconsin, California, and New York are among the pioneer states in pollution abatement. Wisconsin was one of the first states to have a water pollution abatement program, begin ning in 1927. Wisconsin's Water Re sources Act of 1966 centralized most water management functions in a de partment of resources development. It also was the first state to pass legis lation providing financial assistance to industries to build waste treatment facilities. Pioneering attempts to control auto pollution were made in California. In 1960, California created the Motor Vehicle Pollution Control Board (MVPCB), which was responsible for cer tification of devices to control auto pollution. In 1967, the California legislature created an Air Resources Board, which absorbed MVPCB and became responsible for all air conser vation activities in the state, including those formerly held by MVPCB. New York state has made rapid strides in improving its air and water pollution control abatement and in solving its solid waste disposal prob lems. In 1965, New York voters ap proved a $1 billion bond issue to fi nance a pure waters program. In fis cal 1968, it distributed $1 million throughout the state for air pollution abatement, much of it going to New York City. Since late 1965, New York has made about 100 grants to local jurisdictions for solid waste plan ning studies. Along with these states, New Jer sey has an outstanding program for pollution control. This state is the most densely populated in the U.S. New Jersey's Richard J. Sullivan Pushes for strong pollution enforcement Sulfur dioxide, note the decreasing trend from 1966 to 1968 , . Monthly averages of air monitoring at a park site in Bayonne, N.J., indicate a reduction in sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide during the period 1966-68, but no change in shade of smoke and an increase in hydrocarbons DSW 200906 JUNE 9-1969 C&EN 37 STLCOPCB4058970 ' r,to...'i.c..t.c....i..c..o..w..n..w.. a..rd Csfbwi monoxide, ppm . . f.r. ' mjm m Mill """""I liunni.titi 1966 1967 1968 As part of its air pollution control program, New Jersey now has six con tinuous air monitoring stations in op eration. Three are comprehensive laboratories in mobile trailers; they measure the following pollutants: Nitrogen oxides. Nitric oxide. Nitrogen dioxide. Sulfur dioxide. Oxidants. Aldehydes. Carbon monoxide. Hydrocarbons. Particulates, as smoke shade. Carbon dioxide, at two of the laboratories. One laboratory trailer is located in a Bayonne park, away from traffic and sources of pollution. Results at Bay onne show a marked downward trend in sulfur dioxide levels from 1966 to 1968. The decrease from 1966 to 1967 seems to reflect actions of the electric utilities to reduce their sulfur dioxide emissions before passage of antipollution legislation. There is also a marked downward trend in carbon monoxide but the state has not come up with a reason for this. Motor vehicle emissions standards are part of New Jersey's continu ing auto control program. With the aid of a NAPCA demonstration grant, the state has been developing a rapid, low-cost method to determine the composition of auto exhaust emis sions. Such methods are important to all states. As Mr. Sullivan explains, statutes of New Jersey say that the state can adopt standards that can be met by a properly made, well-func tioning vehicle. The New Jersey sta tutes will bind the vehicle owner in contrast to the federal statutes, which bind the vehicle maker, Mr. Sullivan explains. A device that is being tested by the state can in a 90-second period test smoke, carbon monoxide, and hydro carbons, and can be operated in the state's annual auto inspection by peo ple without scientific training. "We were looking for an instrument that costs less than $10,000 and that would be reasonably durable and reliable," Mr. Sullivan explains. "One of these devices has been invented with fed eral support and could be used all over the U.S. We're now testing the device at one of our auto inspection stations to determine whether it oper ates under `battle conditions' as it does in the lab. We are ordering seven more of these devices. If the models work out, the state plans to spend $1 million for these devices so we can put them in the state's auto mobile inspection lanes." New Jersey describes its efforts as the "strongest statewide air pollution enforcement program in the nation." and has a high concentration of in dustry. It runs its air pollution pro gram--currently at $2.3 million a year--essentially on a statewide basis although its law permits local pro grams. About all the localities do is police intermittent episodes of obvi ous air pollution. New Jersey's program was strength ened considerably in 1967. Richard J. Sullivan, director of the State Health Department's Division of Clean Air and Water, declares the state now has "the most effective legal weaponry of any state in the nation." The 1967 amendments to the state statutes abolished New Jersey's air pollution control commission and moved all air pollution functions from the state's health department into the new Division of Clean Air and Water. 38 C&EN JUNE 9, 1969 This prototype system tests for smoke, hydrocarbons, and carbon monoxide in automobile exhaust. At the Route 1 inspection station north of Trenton, N.J., it is used to test vehicles randomly as they come through the inspection lane DSW 200907 STLCOPCB4058971 So is expense! Brown & Root's single-source engineering/construction service has made good economic sense to industry for almost a half century. And since the for mation of our Water Quality Control Department, many companies have turned to us for complete plant water and effluent treatment services on a turn-key basis. Our water management team specializes in sample collection, mobile and central labora tory analysis, process design and equipment specification, facility design and construction, start-up monitoring and control, and system optimization. We're active in all areas of industry--from paper to steel, power to petrochemicals. We'd like to actively assist your team--now. Engineers/Constructors / Houston, Texas P.O. Box 3 / (7131-672-3011 /Cable: Brownbilt A SUBSIDIARY OF HALLIBURTON COMPANY SERVING PROGRESS-1919-1969 DSW 200908 Pollution that assaults the lungs, the digestive tract, the ear ... and how effective instruments can lead to abatement Until very recently. Molecular Rotational Resonance T "C (MRR) Spectroscopy often seemed like a brilliant litlfYC scientific breakthrough destined to remain an ivory X^UIlgS tower curiosity for lack of a practical application in the real world of quantitative analysis. In its pristine form, MRR allowed the scientist to look into molecular structure by measuring changes in the absorption of microwave energy which result from transitions between rota tional energy levels in a polar molecule. Because differences exist in the composition or geometry of individual molecular species, there is a characteristic MRR spectrum for each molecule. Absorption peaks are unique for each molecule and MRR readily differentiates between them, even in a complex mixture, because of its inherent specificity. In the usual case, measuring the frequency of a single absorption line completely identifies the molecule. MRR has recently been shown to be a practical quantitative tool too. In a paper published in the Journal of Chemical Physics (46, 3698, 1967) the response of the HP 8400B MRR Spectrometer was shown to be linear with concentration from the lowest detect able limit to 100%. More recent work with common air pollutants (S02, N02, hydrocarbons) has demonstrated that MRR gives a quantitative response for each gas, even in the complex mixtures that are commonly associated with air pollution samples. The actual sensitivity limit for SO has been determined at 3.5 nano grams without using concentration techniques (... this corresponds to a concentration of 11.6 ppb in a one liter sample). To further enhance its usefulness in the quantitative analysis of air pollutants, most MRR experiments are carried out at low pressures--typically 10-15 u Hg--a condition that greatly reduces the rate at which the pollutants react with each other. Precisely where the MRR Spectrometer fits into the pattern of analytical chemistry is still being studied. Based on the work reported above, it certainly should be considered for air pollution analysis, especially for calibrating on-site air pollution monitors. Results of experimental work in air pollution and other significant analyses with the MRR Spectrometer are published regularly in Molecules and Microwaves, a copy of which awaits your request. rp'l_ _ In the days before Rachel Carson's Silent Spring, the A Ilv only popular connection between pesticides and the human digestive tract was benign: one was L'l11V C reassured that large parts of the world would TVo be hungry, even suffer famine, except for the bene- A r.d ficial effect of pesticides on agricultural production. Nowadays, it's more common to hear warnings from respected scientific sources that pesticides constitute a real and present danger to life on this planet because they are ingested as residues in the food we eat and the liquids we drink. These are not mutually contradictory arguments so much as they are accurate descriptions of both sides of the split personality of pesticides. The only conceivable solution to this very human dilemma is better control of the use of pesticides, and more careful analysis of pesticide residues in foodstuffs. Enter the gas chromatograph (GC). While the men engaged in pesticide detection are many and far-flung, instrumentation for this sensitive work falls almost solely on the GC. On this basis, Hewlett-Packard has directed much research effort towards perfecting both instrumentation and technique. Although pesticide detection is still most often recorded in the nanogram range, an HP GC--more than four years ago--separated a laboratory pesticide sample at the picogram level. Most of this chemical detective work is being performed on the HP Model 402 HighEfficiency GC--an instrument perfected especially for this and other biochemical research. HP's pesticide analysts prefer to use this instrument equipped with an electron capture type of detector. The latter employs a radioactive tritium source to produce elec trons whose capture by the pesticide molecules is a direct measure of their presence. Recently, HP chemist-designers have perfected a new electron capture detector that employs a radioactive Ni63 source that is more stable at higher temperatures thereby holding out a promise of more searching pesticide detection than the older tritium type can accomplish. Sometimes the inherent difficulty of pesticide analysis is re solved by improvements in technique rather than hardware. HP chemists have developed special techniques for the analysis of pesticide residues in many foodstuffs, and sample extraction techniques for the analysis of bovine and human milk. If you'd care to pursue this subject in more depth, write for Applications Lab Report 1003, yours on request. TPL _ Well played by a fine orchestra, Brahms can only be J. UC described as beautiful. But reproduced too loud on a 17 __ cheap phonograph, it's noise. An increasingly wide spread and serious form of pollution, noise can make us uncomfortable; prolonged loud noise damages hearing; very loud noises can cause pain, psychosis and even death. Obviously the time has come to control this form of 20th century environmental pollution. When HP scientists turned their talents to noise measurement, they ran into a very unusual problem. Objectively sound is simply a matter of rapidly changing air pressure, easy to measure with traditional sound level meters. But noise is really not an objective phenomenon: what the ear hears is a subjective sensation of loudness involving complicated physiological and psychological mechanisms. For an instrument to measure sound as the ear hears it, it must imitate the unique properties of the ear. Take loudness level which is traditionally measured inphons. Although the logarithmic phon scale covers the large dynamic range of the ear--120 dB-- it does not fit a subjective loudness scale. The trouble is that a noise that sounds twice as loud as another does not measure double the number of phons. So a subjective measure of loudness was developed by international agreement in which the unit is a sone and whose scale corresponds closely to the subjective sensa tion of loudness. For example, the comparison between a jet takeoff and a quiet conversation is 3:1 in phons (120 vs. 40)... and a much more realistic 60:1 in sones (256 vs. 4). Neither is the frequency response of the human ear a straight forward thing: the ear responds differently to sounds of different DSW 200909 STLCOPCB4058973 frequencies and loudness levels. Although there is a small varia tion from person to person, normal ears agree within a few dB with the plot reproduced here (ISO Recommendation 226). An even more significant peculiarity of the ear is its response to the pitch and bandwidth of a noise. ._ 140 J k. Loudness Level Ls (phons) Broadband sounds, like those of jet aircraft, seem much louder than narrow 80^/^ band noise of the same 60-7^ sound pressure level. Thus accurate loudness measure ments can be made only by taking into account the spectral distribution of the sound and relating it to empirically determined 20 Threshold of Hearing ........ 3, 250. 1000 16,000 Frequency (Hz) critical bandwidths. This phenomenon has given rise to the Bark scale: the audio range comprises 24 Bark, each of which equals the ear's critical bandwidth at a given center frequency. Probably the most significant difference between objective and subjective measure of loudness occurs when two sounds are presented to the ear simultaneously. If the two sounds are widely separated in frequency, their partial loudnesses simply add to form the total loudness. But if they are not separated by a critical bandwidth, one sound masks the other: the closer together, the greater the influence. The noise analyst expresses this characteris tic quantitatively in terms of loudness density, in sones/Bark. The HP 8051A Loudness Analyzer is, in effect, a calibrated electronic ear that takes all of these subjective reactions of the human ear into consideration in measuring loudness based on ISO Recommendation 532 (Zwicker's Method). It listens to sound through a calibrated microphone or tape recorder, automatically produces a continuous spectral analysis and displays it as a plot of loudness density vs. subjective pitch. The instrument also computes and displays the total loudness of the sound, that is the integral of the Zwicker diagram. The instrument is a great help in noise abatement studies because it shows how noise reduction techniques can be applied most effectively. Its spectral analysis points the finger at the most obvious sound-producing component, suggests what kind of sound-absorbing material may be needed, offers quick before and after comparisons of noise abatement programs. A much more complex and versatile instrument for audio spectrum analysis, the recently announced HP 80501A Audio Data Processor combines the equivalent of a Loudness Analyzer with a powerful HP 2115A Digital Computer. The 80501A measures loudness with Kryter, Stevens, TALARM, SAH or dB weightings depending on the choice of standard computer pro grams. Results are available immediately: for example, the 80501A yields a complete analysis of aircraft noise while the plane is still overhead. Our new 116-page Acoustics Handbook does justice to this rather complex subject. For your copy, write to Hewlett-Packard, 1505 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, California 94304. In Europe: 1217 Meyrin-Geneva, Switzerland. HEWLETT^ PACKARD ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTS 00970 DSW 200910 STLCOPCB4058974 See what's up... with a new Technicon* Mobile Air Quality Laboratory. '^KSgisfr \y '4T.<*4. ",, , "T . TlieeopwittnfeaiMwe Uy.;>x;.;. *`i:.^*4/ *s-'&<zlmSmi The Technlcon* Mobile Air Quality . .Laboratory contains, as an,,I.nte..g..r.a..)..p...a..r..t.,.'.......................... ...... ......................................................... thenewCSM Air Quality Monitor... Nitricoxides NO % NO, . i..0tc?2ppm Analyzes up to 6 different parameters - Nitrogen dioxide NO,. .1.(Ho 2 ppm' in ambientair... works virtually AAldldeehhyyddeess ... -..W.. lK, ilfiis-S I~S,SHS!o'!!2ppm unattended...conditions all signaisfor '' ,-, Total oxidants ...... .. Oto 1 ppm *! 42 C&EN DSW 200911 STLCOPCB4058975 C&EN Pollution Special Photo by Itay Raltow In March of last year, New Jersey fined Koppers, Inc., $10,000, one of the largest fines of its kind up to that time imposed in the country. The fine involved smoke emissions from the company's coke plant in Kearny. Kop pers agreed to repair all of its coke bat teries and install electrostatic precipita tors in the two stacks concerned; cor rective measures cost about $500,000. In October of last year, an even larger fine of $13,000 was imposed on Southbridge Plastics Co. of Clif ton. According to the state of New Jersey, the company was discharging odorous substances that were affect ing residents in an area a short dis tance from the company's plant. Population concentration In water pollution, the problem is the terrific concentration of popula tion in New Jersey, Mr. Sullivan says. "We are growing at a faster rate than we have been able to meet with ade quate waste disposal methods. In New Jersey, the problem is the con struction of adequate regional waste disposal facilities to carry off sanitary wastes and industrial wastes." In wa ter pollution, adequate capital funds are the main issue, according to Mr. Sullivan. Summarizing, Mr. Sullivan says, "We don't need any new laws in New Jersey. We have the best laws in the country. In fact, our Air Pollution Control Act, most recently amended in 1967, has been upheld by the New Jer sey Supreme Court. We do need more administrative chapters to our air pol lution control code for better enforce ment. In water pollution, the cen tral question will be whether or not the voters will approve our $271 mil lion bond issue for water pollution and water supply this fall. If they do, we'll go ahead at full speed. If they don't, the whole program will go down the drain with the sewage." Automobiles contribute considerably to the problems of solid-waste disposal. Traditionally one of the single larg est polluters of the atmosphere, our auto mobiles continue to be nuisances when their useful life is finished Man-made problems In contrast to natural sources of air pollution, those for which man is responsible are localized and in creasingly concentrated in small areas. Today, for example, a single fossilfuel, power-generating plant may emit several hundred tons of sulfur dioxide per day; transit of air across a city can increase the particulate loading by tenfold compared to that of an adjacent windward rural area. Since the total ventilation capacity of a region can't be increased, the result is local overloading of the air. As pol lution sources grow in number and size, overloading occurs more often and may become chronic. Atmospheric pollutants damage crops and buildings, corrode metal and stone, and irritate many of the nation's 200 million inhabitants. In 1966, the National Academy of Sciences esti mated the total emission of atmos pheric pollutants in the U.S. as 125 million tons per year. Other estimates go as high as 300 million tons per year (1.5 tons per capita). Of the millions of tons of pollut ants being tossed into the air each year, the National Academy of Sci ences in its report. Waste Manage ment and Control, estimated that 59.9% comes from transportation, 18.7% from manufacturing, 12.5% from electric generation, 6.3% from space heating, and 2.6% from refuse John T. Middleton of NAPCA Names 57 quality regions disposal. Carbon monoxide, chiefly from transportation sources, is the chief pollutant, constituting 52% of the total. Oxides of sulfur, second with 18%, are the leading contaminant from industry. Other important con taminants are hydrocarbons, 12%, particulate matter, 10%, oxides of nitrogen, 6%, and other gases and vapors, 2%. Sulfur dioxide is be lieved to be the most damaging, cor rosive, and irritating to human beings of any air pollutant, according to HEW. The automobile contributes a large share of carbon monoxide, hydrocar bons, and oxides of nitrogen that pol lute the atmosphere. The hydrocar bons and oxides of nitrogen are the main precursors of photochemical smog, which has been a serious prob lem in Los Angeles and other cities. To reduce the quantity of hydro carbons and carbon monoxide from the auto exhaust emissions, auto manufacturers and other companies DSW 200912 JUNE 9, 1969 C&EN 43 STLCOPCB4058976 Ford, a/ong with others, continues research on catalysts that would lead to pollution-free exhaust from automo biles. This test at Ford Motor Co.'s dynamometer building is part of the interindustry emission control program are studying two devices, the ex haust manifold thermal reactor and the catalytic converter. Several com panies have developed catalytic con verters that fit into the auto's ex haust system. The catalyst promotes the oxidation of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide and water. A serious problem with catalysts is caused by lead in the gasoline. The lead tends to coat the surface of the catalysts and reduce their effectiveness. Auto emissions In a report entitled "Federal Motor Vehicle Certification Data--1968 and 1969," NAPCA in April of this year published the results of two years of tests conducted in its laboratories to ensure compliance with the federal emission standards for cars and light trucks. The report lists both American and foreign-made vehicles that conform to the federal standards, and lists a composite emission value derived from testing each class of engines sub mitted by a manufacturer. NAPCA commissioner, John T. Middleton, cautioned against comparing data from one size engine with those of another 44 C&EN JUNE 9, 1969 Federal Pollution Legislation The driving force behind the nation's fight against pollution is federal law. Water pollution legislation stems from 1886; air pollution legislation didn't begin until 1955. Water pollution legislation originated with a bill passed in Congress in 1886 that forbid dumping of impediments to navigation in New York harbor. This was followed by the Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899, which prohibited dis charge or deposit of solid refuse into navigable waters in the interests of navigation. The Public Health Service Act of 1912 concerned waterborne diseases, and the Oil Pol lution Act of 1924 was designed to prevent oil discharges from vessels into coastal navigable waters that would dam age aquatic life, recreational facilities, or harbor installa tions. In 1948 Congress took a national approach when it passed the First Water Pollution Control Act (PL 80-845). The act was extended in 1952 and again in 1956. It gave enforcement authority to the Federal Government if local efforts failed and included provisions for construction grants for waste treatment facilities. The effort was strengthened with the Water Quality Act of 1965, which set water quality standards for interstate waters and por tions thereof. This act also authorized a new agency, Federal Water Pollution Control Administration, as part of HEW. In May 1966 FWPCA was transferred to Inte rior. Finally, a regional approach to water pollution abate ment was authorized in the Clean Waters Restoration Act of 1966. In this act, Congress asked for a number of special reports, and it increased authorization for con struction grants, R&D funds, and certain enforcement activities. At this writing, the House of Representatives just passed a bill (H.R. 4148) aimed largely at offshore oil spills, thermal pollution, vessel pollution control, and discharge of mine-acid wastes. The bill is largely compatible with a bill (S. 7) introduced by Sen. Edmund Muskie (D.-Me.) and now being considered by the Senate Public Works Committee. The House bill spells out liabilities for oil spills from tankers and from offshore drilling stations, and would require sewage-treatment devices on all vessels by 1974. The House bill also calls for construction of demon stration units for control of mine-waste drainage. For spillage of oil from an offshore facility in state waters, the maximum liability is set at $8 million; for spillage from a vessel, the limit is $10 million. No upper limit is listed for damage caused by spillage from an offshore rig in federal waters; Secretary of the In terior Walter J. Hickel has asserted that he has the au thority to impose unlimited liability in such a case. The House bill also strongly restrains thermal pollution. Anyone building a nuclear or thermal power plant or other federally licensed facility would be required to clear its hot-water discharge arrangements with the appropriate state agency or--if there is no such state agency--with the U.S. Interior Department. Federal laws covering air pollution started with the 1955 Air Pollution Control Act (PL 84-159), which provided for a small program of research and technical assistance to DSW 200913 STLCOPCB4058977 local control districts. That act established a basic policy that primary responsibility for air pollution control rests at the local and state levels. The Clean Air Act of 1963, which replaced the 1955 law, called for financial assis tance provisions for development of state and local air pollution control programs. Amendments in 1965 called for national standards for motor vehicle emissions and in 1966 called for maintenance grants to finance state and local air pollution control programs. The Air Quality Act of 1967 completes present federal legislation by calling for states to set air pollution standards on a regional basis and for regional standards to be enforced, locally, if pos sible; it substantially strengthened the powers of local, state, and federal authorities. Under the Air Quality Act, HEW must publish air quality criteria for those pollutants harmful to health and wel fare as well as reports on the technology that can be used to control these pollutants. The criteria will provide the states with information for use in developing air quality standards. . Under the act, HEW selects air quality regions and the Governors of the states have 90 days to signify their in tent to set air quality standards for areas included in air quality control regions. The states then have 180 days to hold public hearings and adopt standards. These This March NAPCA Commissioner Middleton designated addi tional air quality control regions that will bring the total number up to 57 by the summer of 1970 hearings are now going on. The states have another 180 days to adopt plans and schedules for implementation and enforcement of the standards. Their standards and plans must be submitted to HEW for review and approval. In March of this year, NAPCA Commissioner John T. Middleton listed 25 air quality control regions that will be designated by the summer of 1970 which, when added to those already named, will bring the total number of re gions to 57. With the selection of the 25 additional regions, all of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands will be involved in one or more air quality control regions. The total population of these re gions is about 97 million, or a little more than 70% of the total urban population. ^ Of the first 32 regions selected, 13 air quality con trol regions had been designated by late May in the met ropolitan areas of New York, Philadelphia, Chicago, Den ver, Los Angeles, Washington, D.C., St. Louis, Boston, Cincinnati, San Francisco, Cleveland, Pittsburgh, and Buf falo. In addition, public consultations with state' and local officials have been held in additional metropolitan areas. STLCOPCB4058978 2-NrTROPROFANE The extraordinary solvent...CH3CHN02 CH3 Writeforyour copy of2-NPdata book The solvent power of 2-Nitropropane on a wide range of materials is its most important property. It is commonly used with natural and synthetic resins, coating materials, dyes, organic chemicals, and fats and oils. 2-NP is an outstanding solvent for form ulating with many vinyl resins, acrylics, epoxies, and cellulosics. 2-NP's favorable evaporation rate permits maximum flow and levelling without slowingdrying time. This makes it ideal for most applications. 2-NP's uses and qualities for the printing ink and protective coatings fields are now available. Send for your free 48-page book. NITROPROPANE SOLVENTS AND AIR POLLUTION CONTROL RULE 66 1-NP and 2-NP are among the exempt solvents under Rule 66. Thus they can be used in practical solvent formulations for vinyl and/or alkyd coatings to conform to Rule 66 limita tions. The following appears to be a practical starting point for a vinyl coating using most vinyl resins. 2-NP Rule 66 Aliphatics Toluene Methyl Ethyl Ketone Acetone 27% by volume 36% by volume 17% by volume 6% by volume 14% by volume For full details of formulation technique, contact your nearest NP sales representative or request NP Technical Bulletin No. 21. Polymer Sales Department COMMERCIAL SOLVENTS CORPORATION 245 Park Avenue, New York, N. Y. 10017 ...... DSW 200915 STLCOPCB4058979 C&EN Pollution Special size. "The emission values listed in this report," Commissioner Middleton said, "are expressed in terms of con centrations of pollution in the car's exhaust. Generally speaking, the large car discharges a large volume of exhaust but with a low concentra tion of pollution. The small car dis charges a small volume of exhaust with a high concentration of pollution. To our way of thinking, the federal standards should set the same limit on the amount of pollution that a car discharges to the air, whether the car is large or small." According to many air pollution experts, sulfur dioxide is one of the worst air pollutants. It appears to attack the human respiratory system and damages plant leaves. In addi tion it attacks certain metal and stone structures. NAPCA, whose largest single re search and development effort is in sulfur dioxides control, says that the combustion of fuel for power genera tion accounts for 46% of the sulfur dioxide emitted to the atmosphere, and of this amount, 58% comes from the combustion of coal. Some metropolitan regions, includ ing New York City and Chicago, have taken action to limit sulfur content of fuels used for power gen eration. The coal industry acknowl edges the scope of the sulfur dioxide emission problem, but it opposes sul fur limits on fuel and is pushing for stack emission limits instead. The reasoning behind this stand: The amount of naturally occurring lowsulfur coal is limited, and the tech nology available for sulfur dioxide removal from stack gases is more ad vanced than coal desulfurization tech niques and likely to be less costly. All of this has caused an increased flurry of activity in seeking advances in sulfur dioxide control technology. unit on Union Electric's Meramec plant in South St. Louis County, Mis souri. Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) has completed a design study sponsored by NAPCA of the dry limestone injection process. Wellman-Lord, Inc., is planning a 25-MW. clean air demonstration plant in Baltimore County, Maryland, for evaluating its SOo control process. Cooperating with Wellman-Lord in the project are Baltimore Gas & Elec tric Co., Potomac Electric Power Co., and W. R. Grace & Co. Stone & Webster Engineering Corp. and Ionics, Inc., have made plans for a jointly developed process for S02 control that was field tested at Tampa Electric's Gannon station. Besides these processes, several other approaches have been studied. The Bureau of Mines, for example, is studying the alkalized alumina proc ess for sulfur recovery at a pilot plant at Bruceton, Pa. Recently, North American Rockwell's Atomics International Division and Princeton Chemical Research both disclosed plans for pilot scale evaluation of SO., control processes. North Ameri can's process uses molten carbonate as the SOo absorbent; Princeton Chemical's process features catalytic reaction of SOo with hydrogen sulfide. Both these processes recover elemen tal sulfur as by-product. In the Combustion Engineering process an additive, limestone, is in troduced into the boiler where it cal cines and reacts with SO:1 and some of the SOo. Wet scrubbing com bines the remaining SOo with cal cined additive and water to form sulfates and sulfites. Commenting on .test work at Detroit Edison's St. Clair plant, Combustion Engineering says the process has demonstrated 90% or more removal of SOo under a variety of conditions, and 98% re moval under optimum conditions. The dry limestone process that's being studied for the two TVA plants SOs abatement Among the recent developments in controlling sulfur oxide emissions from power plant flue gases is Mon santo's catalytic oxidation process, which the company has been de veloping since 1961. Monsanto has recently decided to offer this process commercially. So, the process which is mostly for power plants'and is not yet adaptable to industrial plants, underwent a year's testing at a proto type plant at Metropolitan Edison's Portland, Pa., station. Among other developments: Combustion Engineering, Inc., put on stream a sulfur oxides control TVA is testing its dry limestone process to remove sulfur oxides from the combus tion products at this TVA electric power generating plant at Shawnee, Ky. DSW 200916 JUNE 9, 1969 C&EN 47 STLCOPCB4058980 C&EN Pollution Special Iron particles are removed from slurry effluent of basic oxygen furnace scrub bers at Bethlehem Steel's Lackawanna, N.Y., plant by an Eriez flocculator mag net: The high-intensity magnetic fields cause the iron particles to agglomerate into clumps that settle faster; Eriez says the flocculator can reduce the number of particles in water from 600 ppm to as low as 40 ppm 48 C&EN JUNE 9. 1969 also uses injection of pulverized lime stone or dolomite. In this system, however, in the absence of a wet scrubber, the calcined limestone reacts with the sulfur oxides in the gas phase. The calcium or magnesium sulfates are removed with the fly ash in conventional dry scrubbers, either electrostatic precipitators or cyclone separators. TVA says that the process is relatively inefficient. Only 50% or less of the sulfur oxides are re moved with reasonable amounts of excess limestone. Monsanto's commercial process for sulfur oxides control, the Cat-Ox sys tem, is based on catalytic oxidation of the SOL> in the stack gas to S03 for conversion to dilute sulfuric acid. The first stage of the system is a hot elec trostatic precipitator that removes more than 99% of the fly ash (fly ash interferes with the system). Fol lowing this stage, the gases pass through a converter where they are oxidized by a vanadium pentoxide catalyst. As much as 90% conversion of the S02 is obtained over a wide range of conditions, tests at the Metro politan Edison plant showed. Wellman-Lord's approach to S02 recovery is also based on chemical absorption, followed by regeneration of the absorption liquid and stripping of the S02 from the process liquid. The product is recovered as SO., vapor, and the economic evaluations can be based on the sale of liquefied SOo, or conversion in integrated plants to elemental sulfur or sulfuric acid, as local market conditions war rant. The demonstration plant being jointly designed by Stone & Webster Engineering Corp. and Ionics, Inc., will use caustic soda to scrub the S02 from the flue gas, and convert it to sodium bisulfite. The bisulfite is fed to a stripping column for recovery of the S02. Key to this process is an electrolytic technique for regeneration of the caustic soda absorbent from the sodium sulfate from the bottom of the stripping column. Other by-products of the electrolytic regeneration are dilute sulfuric acid, oxygen, and hy drogen. The dilute sulfuric acid and the oxygen can be used for an in tegrated plant that converts S02 to sulfuric acid; the hydrogen can be bottled and sold in local markets. In the Bureau of Mines alkalized alumina process, stack gas is con tacted with the alkalized alumina, a coprecipitate of sodium and alumi num oxides, and converted to sodium sulfate. Regeneration is accom plished by high-temperature reduction of the sodium sulfate to sodium oxide and hydrogen sulfide. The regen erated alumina is recycled, and the hydrogen sulfide converted to ele mental sulfur by the Claus reaction. Another process that converts S02 to elemental sulfur is one developed by Princeton Chemical Research. In this process, sulfur dioxide-contain ing stack gas reacts with hydrogen sulfide in the presence of a catalyst to produce sulfur and water. Some of the sulfur is reacted with methane and water to produce carbon dioxide and more hydrogen sulfide for re action with the stack gas. PCR has built a pilot plant to confirm its early studies on process feasibility. North American Rockwell's Atomics International Division also has brought its molten carbonate absorption proc ess past the bench-scale phase and is now planning a pilot operation. Studies of the process chemistry and testing of the process components show that molten carbonate is a satis factory absorbent for S02, the com pany says, and preliminary estimates of operating costs are within the range of what could be recovered by sale of the recovered sulfur. One might wonder, though, just what would be done with all that sul fur if it was all recovered. An esti mated 25 million tons of sulfur dioxide is released to the atmosphere annually from the combustion of fuel for power generation, from which 12.5 million tons of sulfur could be obtained. [Shipments of native sulfur in the U.S. totaled 7.68 million long tons in 1967, for example (C&EN, Facts & Figures, Sept. 2, 1968, page 77A).] Chemical additives Another possible way to prevent atmospheric discharges of sulfur di oxide and also sulfur trioxide from burning fossil fuel is to add chemi cals directly to the fuel. Use of chemical additives is a practical and relatively inexpensive solution to this problem, says Dr. Ira Kukin, presi dent of Apollo Chemical Corp. in Clifton, N.J. Apollo is carrying out a joint project with Bell Telephone Laboratories to determine the effectiveness of a patented and proprietary chemical ad ditive containing manganese (U.S. 3,332,775 and U.S. 3,348,932 to Apollo Chemical Corp.). When ad ditive is combined with the fuel, the additive retards the formation of sul fur trioxide. The combination of the additive with stack collectors binds DSW 200917 STLCOPCB4058981 from fumes to fragrances UOP has a piece of the action in your life. We've all got problems, right? Los Angeles, Chicago, your own home town, your own industry want to quit smoking and smogging. Pollution problems. Your wife ponders which of a thousand scents will accentuate her personality. That's her problem. UOP wants to help you understand that many of your problems are our problems. UOP is a company with a nose for the new. A sense of now. A driving scientific curiosity. Against air pollution UOP Air Correction Division offers the widest variety of equip ment to control solid and gaseous pollu tants. Entire systems for air control, industrial or urban, have been developed. Consultation, source-testing, start-up assistance are all part of UOP Air Correc tion's service. On the sunnier side, you might be sur prised to know that UOP makes fragrance compounds for use in sexy perfumes, toi letries, cosmetics. Very likely the famous name perfume your wife uses gets its magic from a compound developed by UOP Fragrances. From fumes to fragrances is just one band in UOP's creative spectrum. Remem ber Platforming? UOP Process Division did it: designed, engineered and perfected this and other revolutionary processes for refining high-energy fuels. And Universal Oil Products Company is also poking its nose for the new into such areas as air and ground transportation equipment, fabricated metal products, plastic laminates, advanced petroleum processes. No end in sight. Whoever you are, UOP has a piece of the action in your life. DSW 200918 Visit UOP Air Correction Division at the APCA Show, Booths 131/2 STLCOPCB4058982 , Amsco is No.l... first source for a complete line of new solvents cleared for 66/3. Only natural you should think of No. 1 first. Here at AMSCO, we've developed a completely new line of solvents that clears 66/3 by sizable margins. SPECIAL NAPHTHOLITE. Mineral Spirits...Naphtho! 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Although the feasi bility of the approach has been proved in preliminary work at Bell, the ap proach must be tested under actual boiler operating conditions, says George Kitchen, senior fuels and lubri cation engineer at Bell. Sulfuric acid aerosols Aerosols of sulfuric acid are believed to be at least partly responsible for certain smog disasters, such as those in London and New York City. Therefore, there is a need for an accurate measure of these toxic pollut ants. The source of these pollutants is the burning of fuels that contain sulfur compounds. Although the pri mary sulfur product of combustion of these compounds is sulfur dioxide, from 1 to 10% is further oxidized to sulfur trioxide, depending on the con ditions in the furnace. The sulfur trioxide rapidly reacts with moisture in the air to produce sulfuric acid aerosols. Additional quantities of sulfuric acid aerosols are produced in the atmosphere by photochemical and catalytic reactions. Because of the toxicity of these aerosols a method of measurement that is more specific and more sensi tive than any in current use is needed. F. P. Scaringelli and K. A. Rehme of NAPCA in Cincinnati have developed a sensitive method to determine at mospheric concentrations of sulfuric acid aerosol [Anal. Chern., 41, 707 (1969)]. They have developed a precise, sensitive, highly selective method for determination of these toxic pollutants. In their method the aerosol is collected by impaction or filtration, which separates the sulfuric acid from the sulfur dioxide. The sulfuric acid is decomposed at con trolled temperatures under a stream of nitrogen to separate the acid from the other sulfates. The liberated sul fur trioxide in nitrogen is converted to sulfur dioxide by reaction with hot copper. The sulfur dioxide produced is analyzed either spectrophotometrically, coulometrically, or flame photometrically. Their method can measure from 2 to 60 micrograms sulfuric acid in the presence of 10 to 100 times as much sulfur dioxide and other sulfates. More stringent sulfur dioxide air quality criteria are underscoring the need to develop more sensitive quanti tative methods for reactive sulfur com pounds, especially SO.,. To answer this need, a group of chemists at the NAPCA laboratory in Cincinnati has devised a way to separate and de termine sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sul fide, methyl mercaptan, and carbon disulfide at parts-per-billion levels in air using gas chromatography (gc). The NAPCA team composed of Robert K. Stevens, Andrew F. O'Keeffe, James D. Mulik, and Ken neth J. &ost (with an assist from summer trainee, Peggy Holt) has come up with a gc system that can accurately assay sulfur gas mixtures below the 1-ppm level. They use fluorinated ethylene-pro pylene copolymer (FEP Teflon) for the column material because it does not cause volatile sulfur compound losses, in contrast to other column ma terials tested. The group uses powdered Teflon as the solid support and polyphenyl ether as the stationary liquid for the gc column. Using a Varian Aerograph GC2000 gas chromatograph and Micro Tek flame photometric detector, the NAPCA team can separate and quan titatively determine synthetic mix tures containing between 10 ppb and 10 ppm sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sul fide, methyl mercaptan, and carbon disulfide. Water pollution Industrial requirements for water are increasing sharply. At the end of the century, projected demand will far exceed supply. Except for water used in irrigation, a large percentage of the withdrawal from lakes and streams is returned but in usually poorer condition. When the major water pollution problem was disease-causing bacteria, pollution was thought of as unclear water contaminated with natural wastes from animals and humans. Now a much wider spectrum of pol lutants and a greater number of ef fects cause water pollution. Besides municipal, industrial, and agricultural wastes, natural materials or sources can also contaminate water. The U.S. Public Health Service clas sifies pollutants entering water bodies under eight broad categories: Oxygen-demanding wastes. Infectious agents. Plant nutrients. Organic chemicals. Other minerals and chemicals. Sediment from land erosion. Radioactive substances. Heat from industry. Oxygen-demanding wastes include decomposable organic wastes from domestic sewage and industrial wastes of plant and animal origins. Domestic sewage is the most widespread source of degradable organic wastes, but in dustry contributes about an equal amount--food, pulp, and paper in dustries generate the greatest amount of wastes. Infectious agents include bacteria, viruses, and other organisms from do mestic sewage, animal wastes, and animal process wastes. Viruses are now probably the most serious con taminant of water because they often are more resistant in disinfectants than are bacteria and can grow in nonliving systems. Pesticides Organic chemicals include an in creasingly large number of compounds that are being synthesized by the chemical industry. Among those that are causing the greatest concern to day are some of the persistent pesti cides, particularly DDT. Last March, FDA seized 28,000 pounds of marketbound Lake Michigan coho salmon that had a DDT concentration of 12 to 19 ppm. Because of the coho find, HEW Secretary Robert H. Finch set a limit of 5 ppm for fish, to take effect immediately. Michigan and Arizona have taken steps to ban the use of DDT. Wisconsin has been holding hearings on the subject, and is likely to restrict the pesticide's use in the near future. Agricultural plant nutrients that are washed or leached into streams sup port, increase, and stimulate the growth of aquatic plants and algae in the water. By producing organic matter through photosynthesis, these plants and algae increase the amount of oxygen-demanding wastes. The two principal problem nutrients are compounds of nitrogen and phospho rus. Other minerals and chemicals in clude inorganic chemicals and mineral pollutants--various substances from in dustrial operations, mining, oil field operations, and agricultural practices. Among the most serious of these is acid mine drainage created by mining operations. Sediment from land erosion has a bad effect on the aquatic environment and the life processes. It reduces the ability of the streams to assimilate DSW 200922 JUNE 9. 1969 C&EN 53 STLCOPCB4058986 C&EN Pollution Special Photo, U.S. Department of Interior 54 C&EN JUNE 9, 1969 Hot water outflows from the steel pfants into the Calumet River cause the steam that's rising from the river. The bill recently passed by the House (H.R. 4148) p/aces strong emphasis on thermal pollution oxygen-demanding wastes, it inter feres with fish and shellfish population by covering fish nests and food or ganisms, and it diminishes the amount of light reaching aquatic plants. Radioactive substances include waste products from the mining and processing of radioactive materials in power reactors and the materials and chemicals used in industrial and re search facilities and hospitals. With the anticipated increase in nuclear power reactors, safe disposal of radio active materials will become a more serious problem. Heat from industry or thermal pol lution consists of large quantities of heated water returned to water bodies from power plants and manufacturing facilities after the water is used for cooling purposes. Such water is an increasingly important source of pol lution. The effect of heat on a stream is similar to that of oxygen demanding wastes since increases in water temperature reduce the amount of dissolved oxygen that can be re tained in the water. Higher tempera tures reduce the waste assimilation capacity of water bodies and can have serious effects on aquatic life. Treatment costs In a report by FWPCA of the U.S. Department of the Interior to Con gress last year initial estimates are given for the national requirements for and the cost of treating municipal, industrial, and other effluents during fiscal years 1969-73 to meet the water quality standards as established under the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended, and to achieve equivalent levels for interstate and coastal waters. The total costs for the period will be $24 to $26 billion, measured in 1968 dollars. The cost of constructing municipal waste treat ment plants and interceptor sewers will be $8 billion in the period 1969-73, the report estimates. This total includes $2.7 billion to provide adequate treatment to the urban popu lation whose wastes do not receive any treatment at the present; $1.9 billion to upgrade service to secondary treat ment for the urban population whose wastes now receive a primary treat ment (excluding areas where primary treatment is likely to be adequate to meet water quality standards); $2.2 billion for urban DODulation crrnwth; DSW 200923 STLCOPCB4058987 DSW 200924 STLCOPCB4058988 Single responsibility by chemical engineering construction specialists assures workable, low-cost answer to your pollution problems As deadlines for action on air and water pollution problems grow near, many in dustrial plant owners are faced with the task of evaluating a variety of engineering approaches and equipment. Badger offers a sensible way to end this dilemma. As one of the world's leading companies specializing in the design, en gineering, and construction of process plants, Badger is prepared to offer single responsibility for the solution of pollution problems. Badger Turn-Key Service Includes: Consultation, project evaluation and sur veys, feasibility studies. Client representation with regulatory agencies. Project administration. Complete engineering designs. Complete mechanical engineering, design, and drafting, including civil, structural, electrical and instrumentation engineering. Purchasing, inspection and expediting of materials and equipment on world-wide basis. Management and supervision of field con struction. Plant commissioning and training of operators. The Badger approach: offers several advantages to plant opera tors and engineering staffs -- Full range of services handled by ex perienced engineering personnel... you get professional help in a range and quality far beyond what is normally available to plant engineering staffs. Broad knowledge of the field assures proper and objective choice of method ology and equipment. Single responsibility for the concept, building and operation of the pollution control or abatement project. As a purchaser of many millions of dollars worth of equipment annually, Badger is able to give to its clients the benefit of its considerable purchasing power. In certain industries pollutants may be recoverable as useful products -- wide experience in the chemical industries makes Badger alert to suggest such opportunities. Wide experience with liquid, gas and solid pollutants Badger has studied, designed, engineered and constructed pollution abatement and control systems involving the following: Acrylonitrile Ammonia-Urea Citric Acid Coke Oven Light Oils Dextrose Diphenoiic Acid Ethanol Solvent Ethanol Vapor Ethyl Benzene Ethylene Dichloride Fluorocarbons Glycerine, Synthetic Hydrofluoric Acid KOH, HCI, KaCOs Maleic Anhydride Methanol Solvent Methanol, Synthetic Nitric Acid Petroleum Phthalic Anhydride Saponifiers Specialty Rubbers Styrene Sulfur Removal Sulfuric Acid Tall Oil Tar Acid Disposal Toluene Di isocyanate Vinyl Chloride ) The Badger Company, Inc. 1968 DSW 200925 STLCOPCB4058989 More than 100 Badger Pollution Control Systems now in service. PLANTA Conventional process includes a large, open oil-water separator to handle odorif erous effluent from barometric condensers. By substitution of surface condensers, a covered separator and a condensate strip per the odorific compounds can be removed and incinerated in a heater, leaving an in nocuous aqueous waste suitable for bio oxidation. PLANT B A unique scrubbing system was engineered and constructed to remove air pollutants. The Badger-built system was designed to remove toxic lachrymators from process vapors during normal and emergency upset conditions. PLANT C Badger designed and built a plant to re cover a product and clean up a waste stream. A strong mineral acid was re covered and various organic compounds removed by stripping an acid waste con taining aromatics and long chain fatty acids. The remaining aqueous waste was suitable for discharge into a municipal sewer system. Badger's sulfur removal experience covers many different areas Badger has engineered, designed and built many plants to remove sulfur-containing compounds from process streams. Included are coke oven light oil desulfurization, re covery of sulfur from refinery gases, and disposal of hydrogen sulfide from refinery gas. Incinerators designed to burn liquids and gases containing highly toxic organic and inorganic waste compounds. The flare stack smokelessly burns vapors resulting from start-up and upset conditions. An oil-water separator, part of a grass roots instal lation. Included in the process is a system to con centrate a salable waste acid sludge. Additionally, waste gases are cleaned up and used as a fuel. Process condensate is renovated for boiler feed water. A waste incinerator being erected -- part of a pol lution control system for a grass roots chemical plant. In addition to incineration, a waste stabiliza tion pond was designed and constructed. The inte grated waste system disposes of water-soluble and -insoluble wastes and semi-solid tars. STLCOPCB4058990 DSW 200926 Badger worldwide processing experience focused on your pollution control problems The Badger Company, Inc. is an interna tional designer, engineer, and constructor of chemical, petrochemical, petroleum, water desalination and pharmaceutical facilities. Badger employs approximately 2,000 per sons, excluding field construction labor, in 15 offices in 11 countries. The engineering staff includes about 400 professional engineers. BELGIUM BADGER (Belgium) N.V. Tavernier Building 2 Tavernierkaai, ANTWERP CANADA CANADIAN BADGER COMPANY 4 King Street West TORONTO 1, Ontario FRANCE BADGER (France) S.A.R.L. 40 Avenue George V PARIS 8 HOLLAND BADGER N.V. Prinses Beatrixlaan 9 THE HAGUE ITALY BADGER ITALIANA S.p.A. Corso Venezia 38 MILAN JAPAN THE BADGER-TOMOE CO. Ltd. Nakagawa Building No. 5, 3-Banchi, 2-Chome, Yaesu Chuo-Ku, TOKYO SWITZERLAND " BADGER INTERNATIONAL S.A. THE BADGER COMPANY, INC. 60 East 42nd Street NEW YORK, N.Y. 10017 THE BADGER COMPANY, INC. 7007 Gulf Freeway HOUSTON, Texas 77017 15 Rue G6n6ral Dufours GENEVA THE BADGER COMPANY, INC. 100 West Kennedy Blvd. UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA TAMPA, Florida 33602 BADGER SOUTH AFRICA (Pty.) Ltd Allied House 29 Rissik St., JOHANNESBURG BADGER PANAMERICA INC. a subsidiary of THE BADGER COMPANY, INC. UNITED KINGDOM 363 Third Street BADGER LIMITED CAMBRIDGE, Mass. 02142 Aldwych House Aldwych, LONDON W.C.2 WEST GERMANY U.S.A. THE BADGER COMPANY, INC. 363 Third Street CAMBRIDGE, Mass. 02142 BADGER GmbH Goetheplatz 1-3 Postbox 3647 FRANKFURT am MAIN. BADGER A SUBSIDIARY OF RAYTHEON COMPANY DSW 200927 STLCOPCB4058991 and $1.2 billion for replacing facilities. By 1973, the report states, the urban population, estimated at 162.6 million, required to be served will comprise about 75% of the total U.S. popula tion. Only 55% of the urban popula tion receives water that has had ade quate treatment. To meet water quality standards by 1973, 93% of the urban population will require secondary treatment, and 10% pri mary treatment, the report estimates. Operation and maintenance costs for the required treatment works are estimated to be $1.4 billion for the fiveyear period, FWPCA estimates. Con struction of sanitary collection sewers will require $6.2 billion during the next five years, FWPCA says. Esti mates indicate that the cost of treat ing industrial wastes to the level com parable with secondary treatment of municipal wastes will be in the range $2.6 to $4.6 billion. This includes $1.8 to $3.6 billion for new industrial treatment works and a little less than $1 billion to replace equipment. Esti mated costs of operating and main taining industrial waste treatment fa cilities will run $3.0 to $3.4 billion during 1969-73. Federal outlays in the 1969-73 period to obtain com plete temperature restoration would be $1.8 billion. This includes $1.6 billion for new cooling facilities and $0.2 billion for replacing equipment. Operation and maintenance would amount to an additional $0.9 billion during the five-year period. All these projected costs are ex pressed in constant dollars. "Constant 1968 dollars" use July 1967, the be ginning of fiscal 1968, as the base. "Current dollars" are the 1968 "con stant dollar" estimates for fiscal 1969 73 time-frame multiplied by projected cost indexes for each year. In its recent first annual updating of the cost estimates for clean water, FWPCA finds primarily that unless the rate of investment in equipment is increased, the U.S. goal for clean water by 1973 will not be attained. (The overall cost estimate remains essentially the same as that of the orig inal study, $24 to $26 billion in 1968 dollars or $26 to $29 billion in current dollars during the five-year period, 1969-73, according to Edwin L. John son, head of the systems analysis branch of FWPCA's office of opera tions.) Water cleanup could cost U.S. more than $24 billion in next five years Requirements Five-year total 1969-73 Constant Current 1968 dollars dollars Millions of dollars Capital requirements: Municipal treatment works New construction Replacement Subtotal 6,800 1,200 8,000 7,400 1,300 8,700 Sanitary sewer construction Industrial treatment plants* New construction Replacement Subtotal 6,200 6,700 1,800- 3,600 2,000- 4,000 820- 970 920- 1,100 2,600- 4,600 2,900- 5,100 Industrial cooling New construction Replacement Subtotal 1,600 220 1,800 1,800 250 2,000 Total capital outlays 19,000-21,000 20,000-23,000 Operation and maintenance requirements: Municipal treatment works 1,400 Industrial treatment plants* 3,000- 3,400 Industrial cooling plants 890 Total operation and maintenance costs 5,300- 5,700 1,700 3,200- 3,600 950 5,800- 6,200 Total cash outlays 24,000-26,000 26,000-29,000 DSW 200928 * Industrial treatment plant capital requirements and the associated operation and maintenance requirements are shown in probable ranges of estimated cash outlays. Source: U.S. Department of the Interior's Federal Water Pollution Control Administration JUNE 9, 1969 C&EN 59 STLCOPCB4058992 Norman J. Weinstein, Founder of EnviroTech, Inc., advocates advance planning to obtain best possible pollution con trol systems With the nation's fight against air and water pollution gaining momen tum, a huge number of companies both large and small have entered the pollution control business. In its Pollution Control Directory, published in October of last year, C&EN's sister publication Environmental Science ir Technology lists nearly 900 firms that offer equipment, supplies, and ser vices for pollution control. Clarence H. Roy, President of Royal In dustrial Research, examines ion ex change column his firm installs to re move pollutants from electroplating plants' waste water Consultant services A new breed of cat, the pollution control consultant, is entering the scene in increasingly large numbers. Firms, some only one- to three-man operations, are offering a variety of pollution services--mainly to small companies that can't afford pollution staffs of their own. These consulting firms have descriptive names such as EnviroTecb, Inc.; Hydro Research Laboratories; Kem-Tech Laborato ries, Inc.; Oceanonics, Inc.; South ern Fish Culturists, Inc.; and Re sources Research, Inc.; to name just a few. ESirT's directory lists about 160 of these firms, and the list seems to be growing daily. Perhaps typical of these pollution entrepreneurs is Dr. Clarence H. Roy, 41, a chemist who established his oneman firm, Royal Industrial Research, three years ago in Seymour, Conn. After several years in industry, Dr. Roy decided to branch out on his own in the pollution control business and set up a small laboratory on Sey mour's Main Street. Dr. Roy's only employees--and strictly part-time--are his wife, who serves as secretary, bookkeeper, and sometime lab assist ant and his teenaged son, who has helped with the construction of special equipment. Most of Dr. Roy's consulting has been with small electroplating com panies located on the banks of Con necticut's Naugatuck and Housatonic Rivers. It's the small company with limited technical and financial re sources that's really feeling the pinch caused by the pressure of more stringent water pollution laws. Dr. Roy claims. Some of them just can't come up with the capital necessary to clean up their water emissions. Some may have to go out of business, he says. One company with which Dr. Roy is consulting is Clark Metal Products in Fairfield, Conn. Clark makes a Monsanto's Biodize system reduces organics in a system of up to seven stages. The system is based on biological oxida- tion of organic pollutants. Monsanto says the system can .achieve up to 99% BOD reduction 60 C&EN JUNE 9, 1969 DSW 200929 STLCOPCB4058993 Granular activated carbon is the problem solver* Take Witco's various grades for pollution control* Each grade has a different pore-structure size for efficient adsorption of different contaminants. You select a grade that meets your re quirements precisely. Whichever one it is, you'll find it has the hardest, purest, most uniform activated carbon granules available. (Made by a unique Witco process.) For maximum operating economy, the granules can be regenerated so you can use them over and over. But now that you know a little about our activated carbon, how do you use it? What grade do you need? How can you minimize pressure-drop problems in your system? Can your pilot plant operation test your requirements adequately? Which is the most economical way for you to regenerate activated carbon gran ules--thermally or chemically? Questions like those--and many morehave to be answered if your system is going to be a success. We can help you answer them. Our staff of adsorption experts is ready to help you develop a system that cuts operating, maintenance and cost problems to the bone. They can even help with your air pollu tion problems because we also have several gas-phase grades of activated.carbon. And if they discover that activated car bon isn't what you need, they'll tell you. But frankly, we bet it is. Find out. Write Witco Chemical, Acti vated Carbon, Dept. CEN-69, 277 Park Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10017. STLCOPCB4058994 Care to join the fight against water pollution? here's where the action is! At the growin'est company in the growin'est industry. Graver has been solving water and wastewater problems since long before everybody started getting into the act. In there first with the most, we've kept out in front all the way. We've racked up some real technological achievements--the POWDEX process for removing contaminants from condensate--big in the nuclear power field ... the C.l. Process, our countercurrent ion exchange process that produces high quality water consistently and economically... and many more. We've got a comprehensive arsenal of equipment for treating wastewater from chemical, petrochemical, paper, textile, and metalworking plants. Our sophisticated research and development group, thoroughly experienced engineers, expert technicians make us a leader in our fast moving field. When you talk about career opportunities at Graver, you're talking about the real thing and not just mouthing the usual classified ad jargon. That's why our turnover rate is exceptionally low. We offer all the advantages found in a big operation (we're a division of Union Tank Car Company] plus the growth opportunities of a small one ... top salaries... regular promotion from within ... 100% tuition reimbursement... headquarters in the Metropolitan New York suburban area. How about sharing in our commitment to the water pollution field? Our rapid growth regularly opens up spots for chemists engineers: process sales design field service research & development If you wish to explore these employment opportunities with Graver, please submit your resume in complete confidence to Mr. W.J. Wishart, Employment Supervisor GRAVER WATER CONDITIONING CO. Division of Union Tank Car Company, U. S. Highway 22, Union, New Jersey 07083 201*687-8300 AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER DSW 200931 11150 STLCOPCB4058995 MCA's report Earlier this year the Manufacturing Chemists Association (MCA) published a report on the activities of the chemical manufacturing industry to control pollution. The report includes information on two MCA surveys, one made in 1962 and one in 1967. In the U.S. 129 companies par ticipated in the 1967 survey of air and water pollution; 12 Canadian companies took part. According to MCA, by the beginning of 1967, the U.S. chemical industry had: Invested $673 million in air and water pollution con trol facilities. Spent approximately $266 million (about 40%) of this investment in the five-year period 1962-66. The survey showed further that capital investments in the nearly 1000 chemical manufacturing facilities sur veyed have been sharply increasing. From these data MCA has projected additional commit ments of $405 million for the five-year period 1967-71. By contrast, using 1962 survey data, MCA projected spending of only $119 million for 1962-66, although ac tual investment during this period was $266 million-- more than double the estimate. Money spent on control facilities shows only part of the picture, according to MCA. To operate and maintain these facilities, annual spending reached $101 million at the beginning of 1967, a 58% increase from five years earlier. Research expenditures in air pollution abatement or understanding more than tripled from the earlier survey, MCA notes. Money spent on water pollution research nearly doubled. These two expenditures, combined with research spending on solid waste disposal, came to $19 million annually. Of 9000 chemical manufacturing plants covered in the 1967 survey, about one third claimed they had no routine emissions to the atmosphere. Of those that did have emissions, 80% said they had installed controls that re duced emissions of inorganics from chemical operations by 68% and organics by 56%. Nearly one fourth of the processes covered in the sur vey had no water-borne wastes--excluding heat. Most of the water used by the reporting plants was for oncethrough cooling water. Nearly 80%--9.3 billion gallons --of the 11.7 billion gallons of water withdrawn daily was used for this purpose. Even so, the MCA survey esti mated that withdrawal volume would have been twice as great--22.8 billion gallons daily--were it not for the ex tensive recirculation and re-use systems. The survey also showed that daily use of process waste water amounted to 1.9 billion gallons, the bulk of which (94%) was dis charged to surface waters and the balance of which was delivered to public sewer systems. Only 2.8% of the total water discharge volume was in unsatisfactory condition--nearly one third less than five years earlier, the report claims. Water pollution control facilities reduced inorganic effluents by 27% and organic effluents by 57%. C&EN Pollution Special sw 200932 JUNE 9. 1969 C&EN 63 STLCOPCB4058996 *gsw-- C&EN Pollution Special FLUID WASTES DEEP WELL DISPOSAL is a hole in the ground It is a carefully engineered and sophisticated combination of Chem istry, Geology and detailed Physical analysis. A.I.D.S. Personnel have been re searchers and developers of spe cialized underground waste disposal systems since 1953 and have ac cumulated a vast knowledge in this field. If you are facing a potential fluid waste problem, A. I. D. S. has the know-how to help you. For further information, write or call AIDSV American Industrial Disposal Systems, Inc, . . Benedum-Trees Bldg., PHtsbur^vPa. 15222' Area Code 412 - 281-5680 64 C&EN JUNE 9, 1969 large variety of small metal parts used in such products as brief cases and lunch pails. The company uses water at the rate of 180 gallons a minute in its electroplating operations and dumps liquid wastes into the sewer at about the same rate. These wastes contain high concentrations of cyanide used in the plating of copper and zinc and also large amounts of acid, alkali, and metals from various plat ing and finishing steps. The com pany is spending about $36,000 for equipment to remove these chemicals from the water before it enters the sewer. Another company that electroplates nickel and chrominum on nail clip pers is planning to spend about $37, 000 to clean up its water effluents, Dr. Roy says. "That's an awful lot of nail clippers," he remarks. One of the latest consulting firms to enter the pollution control business is Recon Systems (formerly EnviroTech, Inc.) in Princeton, N.J., founded by Dr. Norman J. Weinstein, who was formerly director of engineering and development for Princeton Chemical Research, Inc., and is coinventor of PCR's process for converting sulfur dioxide to salable sulfur. Recon Sys tems specializes in independent evalu ation and design of complete pollution control systems to dispose of gaseous, liquid, and solid wastes. "Our ap proach systems is impartial because we do not manufacture or sell equip ment," Dr. Weinstein points out. "In planning pollution control programs, advance planning allows sufficient time to engineer the best possible con trol system and results in major cost savings." Chemical companies' technology Some chemical companies, in tack ling their own pollution problems, are acquiring enough pollution abatement know-how to enter the pollution con trol business. One such company is Monsanto, which has combined all of its environmental control business ac tivities in one group--Environmental Control Enterprise--which will be part of the company's inorganic chemicals division. Included in the group will be the Monsanto subsidiary Biodize Systems, Inc., which offers com mercially the Biodize process for water pollution control, and also its Cat-Ox catalytic oxidation process systems for removing SO., from stack gases. Biodize Systems, Inc., in College Point, N.Y., designs and builds plants to satisfy precise pollution abatement needs. The customer's plant is scaled up from a special prototype plant that Biodize Systems installs and operates at the plant site to establish exact design standards and installed plant price. The plant is designed, engi neered, fabricated, and built at a fixed capital cost. It is then handed over to the customer on a turn-key basis with performance guaranteed by Biodize Systems. The Biodize process is based on the biological oxidation of organic pollu tants in a plant's waste water. The process can be used to attack a wide range of biologically degradable in dustrial and municipal waste waters, separately or in combination. Biodize Systems says that more than 99% of the biological oxygen demand (BOD) can be removed through a plant com bining neutralization, aerobic or anaerobic treatment, settling, trickle filtering, and final polishing. Another chemical company that has recently entered the pollution control business is American Cyanamid. The firm has acquired the assets of BirdArcher Co., service engineers, con sultants, and formulators of water treating chemicals for industrial and chemical use. Cyanamid says its investment in air. and water quality control facilities is greater than $36 million. This figure does not include the investment to incorporate pollution control fa cilities in new plant and facility de sign. Annual operating costs for pol lution control equipment total more than $9 million. An example of Cyanamid's pro grams in pollution control is the waste treatment program at its plant in Bound Brook, N.J. Cyanamid spent 10 years and $1 million in research and pilot studies to develop an effec tive system for treating 20 million gal lons of effluent per day. The result was a $4.5 million waste treatment plant that not only handles the waste produced by the Bound Brook plant, but gives secondary treatment to do mestic sewage from three communities surrounding the plant. DSW 200933 STLCOPCB4058997 gspt ^*S " -s^fc-4^ <' ^sp1?S -**', , DSW 200934 STLCOPCB4058998 ROSS 66 C&EN JUNE 9, 1969 m C&EN Pollution Special Company directory This selected list of firms includes those that offer equipment, products, services, or supplies for use in pollution control A Aberfoyle Co., 900 Bedford St., Stamford, Conn. 06942 Aget Mfg. Co., 1423 E. Church St., Adrian, Mich. 49221 Allis-Chalmers, P.O. Box 512, Milwaukee, Wis. 53201 American Chain & Cable Co., Inc., 929 Connecticut Ave., Bridgeport, Conn. 06602 Amicon Corp., 25 Hartwell Ave., Lexing ton, Mass. 02173 H. Reeve Angel & Co., Inc., 9 Bridewell Plaza, Clifton, N.J. 07014 Apollo Chemical Corp., 250 Delawanna Ave., Clifton, N.J. 07014 Aqua Chem, Inc., 255 N. Grand Ave., Waukesha, Wis. 53186 Atlas Electric Devices Co., 4114 N. Ravenswood Ave., Chicago, 111. 60613 Aurora Pump, Loucks St. at Dearborn, Aurora, 111. 60507 B Babcock & Wilcox Co., Boiler Division, 20 Van Buren Ave. S., Barberton, Ohio 44203 Badger Co., 363 Third St., Cambridge, Mass. 02142 Bangor Punta Corp., 405 Park Ave., New York, N.Y. 10022 Barnebey-Cheney Co., Cassady & Eighth Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43219 Beckman Instruments, Inc., Scientific In struments Div., 2500 Harbor Blvd., Fullerton, Calif. 92634 Bemis Co., Inc., 800 Northstar Center, Minneapolis, Minn. 55402 Bendix Corp., Environmental Science Div., 1400 Taylor Ave., Baltimore, Md. 21204 Betz Laboratories, Inc., Somerton Rd., Trevose, Pa. 19047 Bird Machine Co., Rucaduc Rd., South Walpole, Mass. 02071 Blaw-Knox Co., One Oliver Plaza, Pitts burgh, Pa. 15222 Brown & Root, Inc., P.O. Box 3, Houston, Tex. 77001 BSP Corp., Div. of Bangor Punta Corp., 100 Valley Dr., Brisbane, Calif. 94005 Burgess-Manning Co., 8101 John Car penter Freeway, Dallas, Tex. 75247 c Calcinator Corp., 27th and Water Sts., Bay City, Mich. 48706 Calgon Corp., P.O. Box 1346, Pittsburgh, Pa. 15230 Carter-Day Co., 655 19th Ave., N.E., Minneapolis, Minn. 54418 Carus Chemical Co., Inc., 1375 Eighth St., La Salle, 111. 61301 Ceilcote Co., 140 Sheldon Rd., Berea (Cleveland), Ohio 44017 Centri-Spray Corp., 39001 Schoolcraft Rd., Livonia, Mich. 48150 Chicago Bridge & Iron Co., 901 W. 22nd St., Oak Brook, III. 60521 Clevite Corp., Brush Instruments Div., 37th & Perkins Sts., Cleveland, Ohio 44114 Climet Instruments, Inc., 1240 Birchwood Dr., Sunnyvale, Calif. 94086 Colt Industries, Inc., 1290 Avenue of Americas, New York, N.Y. 10019 Combustion Engineering, Inc., 1000 Prospect Hill Rd., Windsor, Conn. 06095 Cosmodyne Corp., Columbia Ave. at Maple, Torrance, Calif. 90509 Culligan, Inc., 1657 S. Shermer Rd., Northbrook, 111. 60062 D Davco Mfg. Co., 1828 Metcalf Ave., Thomasville, Ga. 31792 Degremont-Cottrell, Inc., P.O. Box 750, Bound Brook, N.J. 08805 Dohrmann Instruments Co., 1062 Linda Vista Ave., Mountain View, Calif. 94040 Dollinger Corp., 1948 Brighton-Henrietta Town Line Rd., Rochester, N.Y. 14623 Dorr-OIiver, Inc., 77 Havemeyer Lane, Stamford, Conn. 06904 Dravo Corp., One Oliver Plaza, Pitts burgh, Pa. 15219 E EG&G, Environmental Sciences, Crosby Drive, Bedford, Mass. 01730 Eimco Corp., 537 W. Sixth S., Salt Lake City, Utah 84110 Elgin Softener, Inc., 440 S. McLean Blvd., Elgin, 111. 60120 Environmental Science Services Corp., Stamford, Conn. 06902 F Fairchild Environmental Systems, 135 Crossways Park Dr., Woodbury, N.Y. 11797 Ferro Corp., 4170 E. 56th St., Cleveland, Ohio 44105 Flygt Corp., Amelia Pi., Stamford, Conn. 06904 FMC Corp., 1105 Coleman Ave., San Jose, Calif. 95106 Fuller Co., 124 Bridge St., Catasauqua, Pa. 18032 G GAF Corp., Industrial Products Div., Afco Filter Products, Glenville Sta tion, Greenwich, Conn. 06830 Gelman Instrument Co., 600 S. Wagner Rd., Arm Arbor, Mich. 48106 General American Transportation Corp., 120 S. Riverside Plaza, Chicago, 111. 60680 Gow-Mac Instrument Co., 100 Kings Rd., Madison, N.J. 07940 Graver Water Conditioning Co., Div. of Union Tank Car Co., U.S. Highway 22, Union, N.J. 07083 H Hach Chemical Co., P.O. Box 907, Ames, Iowa 50010 Halliburton Services, P.O. Drawer 1431, Duncan, Okla. 73533 Harleco, Hartman-Leddon Co., Inc., Div. of American Hospital Supply DSW 200935 STLCOPCB4058999 Corp., 60th & Woodland Ave., Phila delphia, Pa. 19143 Heil Process Equipment Corp., 12981 Elmwood Ave., Cleveland, Ohio 44111 Hewlett-Packard Co., 1501 Page Mill Rd., Palo Alto, Calif. 94304 Honeywell, Inc., Industrial Div., 110 Virginia Ave., Ft. Washington, Pa. 19034 Hoyt Manufacturing Corp., Industrial Div., Westport, Mass. 02790 I International Pollution Control, Inc., 355 Permanent Savings Bldg., Evans ville, Ind. 47708 Ionac Chemical Co., Birmingham, N.J. 08011 Ionics, Inc., 65 Grove St., Watertown, Mass. 02172 J Jarrell-Ash, Div. of Fisher Scientific Co., 590 Lincoln St., Waltham, Mass. 02154 Jetflo Systems, Div. of A. J. Industries, Inc., 835 N.W. 72nd St., Miami, Fla. 33150 Johns-Manville Products Corp., Celite Div., Box 325, 22 E. 40th St., New York, N.Y. 10016 Joy Mfg. Co., Oliver Bldg., Pittsburgh, Pa. 15222 K Kem-Tech Laboratories, Inc., 16550 Highland Rd., Route 3, Baton Rouge, La. 70808 Keystone Filter Media Co., Box 495, Norristown, Pa. 19404 Walter Kidde & Co., Inc., 476 Main St., Belleville, N.J. L Leasco Systems & Research Corp., 4833 Rugby Ave., Washington, D.C. 20014 Leeds & Northrup Co., North Wales, Pa. 19454 Leupold & Stevens Instruments, Inc., 4445 N.E. Glisan St., Portland, Ore. 97213 __ Litton Systems, Inc., Applied Science Div., 2003 E. Hennepin Ave., Min neapolis, Minn. 55413 M Marley Co., Inc., 222 W. Gregory Blvd., Kansas City, Mo. 64114 Matheson Gas Products, 932 Paterson Plank Rd., East Rutherford, N.J. 07073 Matthey Bishop, Inc., 4 Malin Rd., Mal vern, Pa. 19355 Maxon Premix Burner Co., Inc., 201 E. 18th St., Muncie, Ind. 47302 Melpar, Inc., 7700 Arlington Blvd., Falls Church, Va. 22046 Miehle-Gross-Dexter, Inc., 3100 S. Cen tral Ave., Chicago, 111. 60650 Millipore Corp., Ashby Rd., Bedford, _ Mass. 01730 Mine Safety Appliances Co., 201 N. Braddock Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa. 15208 Monsanto Biodize Systems, Inc., 1121 120 14th Ave., College Point, N.Y. 11356 N Nalco Chemical Co., 180 N. Michigan Ave., Chicago, 111. 60601 Nalge Co., Agile Div., 75 Panorama Creek Dr., Rochester, N.Y. 14625 National Dust Collector Corp., 9933 N. Lawler, Skokie, 111. 60076 When it comes to vinyl compounds MonomerPolymer makes Whether you need a gram or a truckload. Be it Vinyl Benzoate, Vinyl Chloroacetate, Vinyl Pivalate. Vinyl Formate. Or any other Vinyl compound. For our current commercial product list, write: Monomer-Polymer Laboratories, Borden Chemical, Division of Borden Inc, Box 9522, dflUffr Philadelphia, Pa. 19124. mlw- Get a $50,000 water studY for 6C. $50,000. That's the tab we paid two nationally-known research firms for the basis of this study. Whether you use high volume process water or water for transportation, this study could be the most important reading you'll do this year. So part company with a stamp. Take advantage of a bargain when you see one. J. Frank Alspaugh, Director Va. Div. of Industrial Development State Office Building /A Room 106 -R Richmond, Virginia 23219 Please send me........... copies of: VIRGINIA PRIME WATER SITES FOR INDUSTRY. Nam____ CompanyAddress__ City______ -State... _Zip_ JUNE 9, 1969 C&EN 67 DSW 200936 STLCOPCB4059000 For Fast Action on C&EN Pollution POLLUTION PROBLEMS ! Consult with Specialists in 1 AIR-WATER POLLUTION CONTROL! and WASTE DISPOSAL SYSTEMS I 'nviroMffit y > Preliminary Surveys Process Design Engineering Installation Project Management Engineering Consulting Fiscal Consulting Municipal& Corporate Financing Telephone or Write MELVIN WOLKSTEIN, Pres. ENVIR0NAL ENGINEERS 1 1 55 WEST CHESTNUT STREET UNION, NEW JERSEY 07083 (201) 688-1172 ----------------------------------------------------- ) You can purchase reprints of this C&EN feature Pollution 1 to 49 copies--50 cents each 50 to 299 copies--40 cents each Prices for larger quantities on request TO: REPRINT DEPARTMENT ACS Publications 1155--16th St., N.W. Washington, D.C. 20036 FROM: Name Street City State Amount enclosed $________ 68 C&EN JUNE 9, 1969 ZIP Code j .j J J Special Nester/Faust Mfg. Corp., 2401 Ogletown Rd., P.O. Box 565, Newark, Del. 19711 , Nuclear-Chicago Corp., 333 E. Howard Ave., Des Plaines, 111. 60018 o Oceanonics, Inc., 6210 Evergreen St., Houston, Tex. 77036 Orion Research, Inc., 11 Blackstone St., Cambridge, Mass. 02139 Ovitron Corp., 46 Johnes St., Newburgh, N.Y. 12550 ., Oxy-Catalyst, Inc., North Ave. & E. Bid dle St., West Chester, Pa. 19380 P Pacific Flush Tank Co., 4241 Ravens- wood Ave., Chicago, III. 60613 Packard Bell Electronics Corp., 12333 E. Olympic Blvd., Los Angeles, Calif. 90021 Pangbom Corp., P.O. Box 380, 1160 Pangbom Blvd., Hagerstown, Md. 21740 Perkin-Elmer Corp., 702G Main Ave., Norwalk, Conn. 06852 Philadelphia Quartz Co., 1146P Public Ledger Bldg., Philadelphia, Pa. 19106 Phoenix Precision Instrument Co., 3803- OS N. Fifth St., Philadelphia, Pa. 19140 . Pickands, Mather & Co., Prenco Div., 2000 Union Commerce Bldg., Cleve land, Ohio 44115 Precision Gas Products, Inc,, 817 E. Linden Ave., Linden, N.J. 07036 Precision Scientific Co., 3737 W. Cort land St., Chicago, 111. 60647 Prenco Mfg. Co., 2605 W. 14 Mile Rd., Royal Oak, Mich. 48073 R Reliance Chemicals Corp., 12405 Sowden Rd., Houston, Tex. 77024 Research-Cottrell, Inc., P.O. Box 750, Bound Brook, N.J. 08805 Rex Chainbelt, Inc., P.O. Box 2022, Mil waukee, Wis. 53201 Rhodia, Inc., 600 Madison Ave., New York, N.Y. 10022 Rust Engineering Co., 1130 S. 22nd St., Birmingham, Ala. 35202 s Sadder Research Labs., Inc., 3316 Spring Carden St., Philadelphia, Pa. 19104 Schneider Instrument Co., 8115 Camargo Rd., Cincinnati, Ohio 45243 Scientific Design Co., Inc., 2 Park Ave., New York, N.Y. 10016 Scientific Industries, Inc., 15 Park St., Springfield, Mass. 01103 Scott Research Laboratories, Inc., P.O. Box D-ll, Plumsteadville, Pa. 18949 Seversky Electronatom Corp., 30 Rocke feller Plaza, New York, N.Y. 10020 Sigmamotor, Inc., 141 N. Main St., Mid- dleport, N.Y. 14105 Smoke-X, Inc., 415 Lexington Ave., New York, N.Y. 10017 Stein, Hall & Co., Inc., 605 Third Ave., New York, N.Y. 10016 Swift Chemical Co., 115 W. Jackson Blvd., Chicago, III. 60604 T Technicon Corp., Saw Mill River Rd., Ardsley, N.Y. 10502 Teledyne, Inc., 12525 S. Daphne Ave., Hawthorne, Calif. 90250 Tracerlab, Div. of Laboratory For Elec tronics, Inc., 2030 Wright Ave., Richmond, Calif. 94804 Tracor, Inc., 6500 Tracor La., Austin, Tex. 78721 Travelers Research Center, Inc., 250 Constitution Plaza, Hartford, Conn. _ 06103 Tri-Mer Corp., 1404 Monroe St., Owosso, Mich. 48867 u Union Tank Car Co., Ill W. Jackson Blvd., Chicago, 111. 60604 United Air Specialists, Inc., S & C Mfg. Div., 3535 Cardiff Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio 45209 UOP, Air Correction Div., Tokoneke Rd., Darien, Conn. 06820 - V Varian Associates, 611 Hansen Way, Palo Alto, Calif. 94303 Vogt Mfg. Co., P.O. Box 922, Louisville, Ky. 40201 Vulcan Laboratories, Inc., 408 Auburn Ave., Pontiac, Mich. 48058 w Walker Process Equipment Div., Chicago Bridge & Iron Co., 840 N. Russell Ave., Aurora, 111. 60506 Wellman-Lord, Inc., P.O. Box 2436, Lakeland, Fla. 33803 Welsbach Corp., Ozone Processes Div., 1500 Walnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. 19102 West Virginia Pulp and Paper Co., Chem ical Div., 299 Park Ave., New York, N.Y. 10017 Western Precipitation, Div. of Joy Mfg. Co., 1000 W. Ninth St., Los Angeles, Calif. 90054 Wheelabrator Corp., 448 S. Brykit St., Mishawaka, Ind. 46544 Will Scientific, Inc., Wilco Dr., Roch ester, N.Y. 14603 Witco Chemical Co., 277 Park Ave., New York, N.Y. 10017 Y Yoemans Brothers Co., 1999 N. Ruby St., Melrose Park, 111. 60160 z John Zink Co., P.O. Box 7388, Tulsa, Okla. Zum Industries, Inc. (Pollution Control Group) 1801 Pittsburgh Ave., Erie, Pa. 16512 DSW 200937 STLCOPCB4059001  CONCENTRATES WASHINGTON The much maligned pesticide industry at long last had something to cheer about last week with the Department of Agriculture's release of a National Academy of Sci ences report on the effects of persistent pesticides on man, agriculture, and the environment. "Available evidence does not indicate that present levels of pesticide residues in man's food and environment produce an adverse effect on his health," the report concludes. And, although per sistent pesticides have been replaced in some uses and "are replaceable in others," they are, at present, "essential in certain situations." The NAS study group sees no decrease in pesticide use "in the foreseeable future." Joint ventures will be closely scrutinized by the Justice Department for antitrust violations, says . Richard W. McLaren, chief of the antitrust division. Not all joint ven tures are bad, however. Some, by introducing a new force into a con centrated market, may be pro-competitive by improving competitive per formance in that market. Some may go either way: Joint research, for example, may contribute to the speedy development of useful new prod ucts, or it may merely serve as a means to control and delay independent development of improvements. Joint ventures that are all bad, Mr. McLaren says, are those in which two firms, which might have entered a new market independently, form a joint venture. This reduces potential ' competition because where there might have been two firms in the mar ket, there would be only one. This was the principle underlying Justice's unsuccessful attempt to break up Penn-Olin (C&EN, Dec. 18, page 41). AEC invites comments on a proposed policy for siting commercial fuel reprocessing plants and the disposal of high-level radioactive liquid wastes generated at these plants. One such plant is in operation, one is under construction, and the Atomic Energy Commission is considering an application for a permit to build a third. The proposed policy is based on two principles: Public health and safety considerations do not require that commer cial reprocessing plants be located on land owned and controlled by the Federal Government; they may be located on privately owned land. High-level radioactive wastes produced in reprocessing must be con verted to an AEC-approved solid form and shipped as soon as practicable to a federal waste repository which will assume responsibility for these radioactive wastes. Industry will pay AEC a single fee designed to cover all costs of disposal and perpetual surveillance. Meanwhile, AEC has decided not to sell its REDOX chemical fuel reprocessing plant at the Hanford plant near Richland, Wash. Companies interested in buying the plant, which was shut down in 1966, have told AEC that adverse eco nomic factors, such as significant transportation cost penalties, would preclude their offering other than nominal bids for the plant. AEC does not believe that at this time sale of the REDOX plant for less than fair market value can be justified. Proposals to change the law covering temporary entry of articles imported into the U.S. will be the subject of hearings slated to open Aug. 5 before the U.S. Tariff Commission. Basis for the hearing is the intermediate report of a study begun in 1965 by the commission. The report contains a number of pro posals on drawback, a procedure much used by chemical producers, and a solitary proposal to abolish Foreign Trade Zones on the grounds that they allegedly are not being used for their original purpose--stimu lation of international trade--but for storage and manufacturing. DSW 200938 June 9. i%9 c&en sj STLCOPCB4059002 1 Catalyst for creative chemists Are you being challenged to synthesize a new chemical, de velop a better process, reduce costs, or improve yields? Shell Chemical has some sugges tions. Think NEOFLEX 7 Alcohol. NEOFLEX 7 Alcohol is the new C?, linear, primary alcohol now commercially available from Shell. Consider its properties: Appearance Liquid Specific Gravity 25/25C 0.8217 Water, % wt. 0.1 Color, APHA 5-10 Distillation Range, C @ 760 mm 174-182 NEOFLEX 7 Alcohol is com pletely saturated and has ex cellent color and odor, low water solubility, and a high affinity for dissolving organic compounds. High product purity assures maximum yields whether your field is esterification, amination, halogenation, or phosphation-- to name but a few of the reac tions possible with this versa tile product. Need a wider range of alco hols? Then consider Shell's NEOFLEX 61 Alcohol, a blend of C4 through Cm linear, pri mary alcohols and NEOFLEX 71 Alcohol, a blend of C? through Cii linear, primary alcohols. They're available in commercial quantities, too. So put the NEOFLEX Alco hols to the test and discover the benefits. For samples and literature mail coupon below. Please send me the following: Literature Sample NEOFLEX 7 Alcohol NEOFLEX 61 Alcohol NEOFLEX 71 Alcohol Name. Title Company. Add ress: City___________________ StateZip. Shell Chemical Company, Industrial Chemicals Div., 110 West 51st Street, New York, N. Y. 10020 L 70 C&EN JUNE 9. 1969 C&EN CHARTS C&EN INDEX OF STOCK PRICES C&EN Indexes Big7chemicals 0ther21 chemicals Drugs Petroleum Rubber Standard & Poor's425 Industrials Price/earnings ratio, chemicals Dividend yield, chemicals Yaegaor 177.5 329.1 747.6 384.8 500.7 431.4 17.9 3.74% Maognoth 179.1 348.7 746.0 422.9 545.0 454.8 17.2 3.77% Lwaeteekst 175.8 337.3 752.2 434.9 523.3 456.4 16.8 3.84% Companies that make up the C&EN Index of Stock Prices categories are: Big 7--Allied Chemical, American Cyanamid, Celanese, Dow, Du Pont, Monsanto, and Union Carbide. 21 Others--Air Products, Air Reduction, Atlas, Chemetron, Commercial Solvents, Diamond Shamrock, Ethyl, GAF, Grace, Hercules. Inmont, Mallinckrodt, Nalco, National Starch, Pennwalt, Reichhold. Rohm and Haas, Stauffer, Sun Chemical, Wltco, and Wyandotte. Drugs--Abbott Laboratories, American Home Products, Merck, Parke-Davis, Pfizer, Richardson- Merrell, Schering, Smith Kline & French, Sterling, and Upjohn. Petroleum--Atlantic Rich field, Continental Oil, Gulf Oil, Mobil Oil, Phillips, Shell Oil, Standard Oil (Calif.), Standard Oil (Ind.), Standard Oil (N.J.), Sun Oil, Texaco, and Union Oil of California. Rubber--Firestone, General Tire, Goodrich, Goodyear, and Uniroyal. DSW 200939 STLCOPCB4059003 THIS WEEK IN BUSINESS RATIO: INVENTORIES TO SHIPMENTS JUNE 9, 1969 JUNE 1968 JULY AUG. - Source: Department of Commerce SEPT. OCT. Preliminary. NOV. DEC JAN. 1969 FIGURES OFTHEWEEK JUNE 1968 JAN. 1969 INVENTORIES (billions of dollars) All manufacturers Chemicals and allied products Textile mill products Rubber and miscellaneous plastics Petroleum and coal products Paper and allied products Food and kindred products 85.78 5.62 3.54 1.70 2.00 2.35 6.92 SHIPMENTS (billions of dollars) All manufacturers Chemicals and allied products Textile mill products Rubber and miscellaneous plastics Petroleum and coal products Paper and allied products Food and kindred products 53.16 4.13 1.89 1.25 1.96 2.12 7.68 INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION INDEXES (Federal Reserve Board Index--1957-59=100 Total industrial production Chemicals and allied products Industrial chemicals Basic inorganic chemicals Basic organic chemicals Plastics materials Man-made fibers Synthetic rubber Soap and related products Fertilizers Paints Textile mill products Rubber and miscellaneous plastics Petroleum products Food manufacture Electrical equipment and parts Primary metals Nonferrous metals and products Clay, glass, and stone Automobiles Drug, soaps, and toiletries 169.4 224.1 259.3 244.9 227.5 401.9 349.1 178.3 179.7 132.8 150.9 156.2 225.7 144.3 132.2 199.8 150.8 159.7 155.1 208.3 198.7 Preliminary data . C&EN Computer Forecast based on data not seasonally adjusted. Sources: U.S. Department of Commerce, Federal Reserve Board 89.18 6.06 3.50 1.82 2.05 2.37 7.49 49.45 3.75 1.63 1.23 1.86 2.07 7.33 166.5 226.5 269.3 240.4 229.8 419.2* 401.3 180.3 148.8 127.7 113.7 150.6 230.8 127.1 128.6 204.4 139.5 176.5 138.4 187.7 199.6 FEB. MARCH' APRIL MAY JUNE JULY AUG. C&EN computer forecast based on data not seasonally adjusted. FEB. 1969 90.16 6.22 3.58 1.86 2.05 2.41 7.29 53.93 4.00 1.75 1.34 1.95 2.22 7.64 170.1 233.9 276.6* 265.9 232.0 433 0 408.5 194.4 164.5 142.2 137.0* 154.3 239.8* 137.4 129.7 205.8 149.5 184.1 141.2 181.5 203.7 MARCH 1969 APRIL 1969 MAY 1969 AUG, 1969 90.82* 6.27* 3.64* 1.83* 2.07* 2.43* 7.16* 55.10* 4.00* 1.83* 1.40* 1.91* 2.26* 7.86* iSj.-se.-. ' -6.311' /SS?' .3.5 1.92 ' 2.15 2 43 fiiliii - 7.54 * *V. 4.-10/, ' 52 38 4.28 " 4.06- - ' 1.89 1.42 . . /ri.43- - 1 43 1.91 191 1.96 2.13 2 14 2.23 *<62 '--'7.76 7 98 172.4 234.2* 261.9* 235.0* 429.6 392.1* 192.1* 157.9* 151.4* 136.8 157.2* 234.6 ,, 138.9* 129.0* 208.1* 153.6 186.4* 145.5 184.8 204.1* _ - _ * * . BHMi 172.4* 171.0 171 ? 235.5 235.6 236 4 280.2 279.0 279.2 266.0 - 262.1 244.3 235.4 236 3 246.4 438.0 436.0 4*2 9 401.9 ' 402.2 4174 191.6 184.3 191.8 155.7 163 7 161.7 180.9 156.9 104 1 142.7 141.5 142 9 157 1 . 158:0 156.8 231.2 221.0 231.7 138.6 . 143.1 152,5 127 0 128.4 198 6 199 5 155.0* .1506. 123^9; 181.4 1660 152.6* '166.2 165.0* 210.3 209 5 DSW 200940 JUNE 9, 1969 C&EN 71 STLCOPCB4059004 we're annul to meke a heavy impression on the INDUSTRY COMING JULY 14: THE RUBBER INDUSTRY ISSUE OF CHEMICAL & ENGINEERING NEWS Rubber development and rubber compounding are based on chemical science and technology. That's why C&EN has 426 subscribers at Goodyear, and why more than 39,000 other rubber-involved readers subscribe to C&EN. Interest is at a peak: rubber industry sales climbed to a record $15.5 billion in 1968 and a $16.5 billion year is predicted for 1969. This level of interest within the largest rubber audience available makes the July 14 C&EN a must for advertisers of rubber chemicals and materials. ADVERTISING DEADLINE: JUNE 23 Advertising Management: REINHOLD PUBLISHING CORP. SUBSIDIARY OF LITTON PUBLICATIONS, INC. Division ot Litton Industries - 600 Summer St.. Stamford. Conn 06904 ffl DSW 200941 STLCOPCB4059005 CONCENTRATES RESEARCH Measurement of metallic impurities in alloys in the parts-per-billion range without outside con tamination or sample loss has been made with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer with a tubular furnace. Dr. J. P. Pemsler and Dr. E. J. Rapperport at Kennecott Copper's Ledgemont Research Laboratory, Lexington, Mass., substituted the tubular furnace in a Varian Techtron Model AA-4. The furnace has four sealable, fused silica sample cells in which readings can be made directly from vapor in equilibrium with the sample. The laboratory has measured cadmium vapor in equilib rium with 99.9999% silver and determined an impurity content of 42 p.p.b. The scientists believe that they can measure amounts as low as 0.02 p.p.b. if required. NSF has entered the battle against pesticides by granting more than $300,000 for an education project. Called Pest Population Ecology: An Inter-University Training Program, the National Science Foundation project ultimately aims to develop pest control measures that act only against selected targets and are safe for other organisms. Biological control means will be empha sized as the graduate and postgraduate students receive training in ecology, economic biology, and biomathematics as well as biological, physical, and chemical sciences. Four universities will receive funds for the training and research program--North Carolina State ($61,340); Uni versity of California, Berkeley, and Riverside ($136,135 jointly); Oregon State ($57,355); and Cornell ($63,060). Cornell's Dr. David Pimentel will chair a committee determining the program's goals and policy. Rotation of students and faculty among the institutions will be a feature of the program. A low-radiation method of producing diagnostic x-ray pictures is being tested at the Atomic Energy Commission's Argonne Cancer Research Hospital, operated by the University of Chicago. The technique, called x-ray fluorescent scanning, was developed by Dr. Paul B. Hoffer. Components of the system, Dr. Hoffer explains, are an external radiation source of ameri cium-241 and a very high resolution detector. X-ray fluorescent scanning can produce well-defined pictures of the thyroid by exciting the iodine normally in the gland at 1% of the radiation dose usually required. The method may make possible routine scans for early detection of thyroid cancer. Another potential application is recording and tracking the distribution of nonradioactive tracers in the body. NSF has designed a new, $2 million program to improve junior college science teaching. In the past, National Science Foundation support at the junior college level has been a part of a number of other programs. But under the new approach NSF has made 31 grants totaling $1,980,900 and involving 244 two-year institutions. The grants have been made to colleges and universities which will work with regional groups of two-year institutions to improve and help coordinate course work. Six grants totaling more than $247,000 have been made in chemistry. The scientists who first demonstrated the presence of repressor molecules in living cells have received Harvard's top faculty award, the George Ledlie Prize. The recipients of the $1600 prize are Dr. Walter Gilbert, who isolated repressor molecules (proteins which serve to control gene activity) from bacteria and Dr. Mark Ptashne. who isolated such molecules from virus. DSW 200942 JUNE 9. 1969 C&EN 73 STLCOPCB4059006 EDUCATION USC will give M.S. in radiopharmacy Three-semester program trains student to prepare and handle radioactive drugs John Cassara, a straight A student who's working toward his doctorate in pharmacy at the University of South ern California, walked into Dr. Walter Wolf's office the other day with a specific request. Come 1971, he wants to enroll in USC's specialized program that leads to an M.S. degree in radiopharmacy. "This is the way it has been since we first announced the program some weeks back," Dr. Wolf says. "Requests have been coming in for placement in the class several years in advance." Dr. Wolf, director and chief archi tect of the USC radiopharmacy pro for the preparation of diagnostic and therapeutic agents containing radio active isotopes. Recent. The application of radio nuclides to the biological and medical sciences is fairly recent. Much of the early knowledge in the field was ob tained by physicians, who used radio nuclides for treating disorders. Un til a few years ago, however, there was a limit on the types of radio nuclides available on a practical basis. But nuclear reactors and cyclotrons in increasing numbers now provide a broader spectrum of nuclides. The emphasis today in nuclear MONITORING. Dr. Walter Wolf (left) and Dr. Manuel Tubis check monitoring in strument to be used in USC's M.S. program in radiopharmacy, starting this fall gram, is referring to a course that gets under way this fall. It is designed to train qualified pharmacists in the techniques of radiopharmaceutics and nuclear medicine. Radiopharmacists prepare and handle radioactive drugs. They also are trained to create new radiophar maceuticals and to look for improved or new ways to analyze the products. The USC project is a timely one, for the radiopharmacist is an emerg ing breed of professional. In the nottoo-distant future, he will likely be a key member on the staff of hospitals and medical centers throughout the land. There, he will be responsible medicine is on the use of radionu clides with short half-lives. In many instances, for example, iodine-123 (half-life 13 hours) is replacing io dine-131 (half-life eight days) in diag noses. Technetium-99m (half-life six hours), indium-113m (half-life 100 minutes), and many more now are available in forms that make them very desirable diagnostic agents. The advantage of going to a short lived isotope is that its rapid decay rate protects a patient against lengthy exposure to radioactivity. Too, an isotope with a short half-life usually allows a physician to give his patient a larger amount of a radioactive com pound, thereby boosting the intensity of the image that appears on the scanning instruments and increasing the likelihood of arriving at a mean ingful diagnosis. But short-lived isotopes present radiopharmaceutical supply companies with the problem of making the de sired compounds and delivering them in time so that they may still be useful. This isn't always possible, though. The airlines strike a few years ago, Dr. Wolf recalls, seriously handi capped nuclear medicine in many parts of the country. (Lynch Radiation Services in Los Angeles, for one, solved the transportation problem by hiring a private .plane to fly in its daily sup ply of technetium-99m from San Fran cisco.) It's becoming increasingly impor tant, therefore, that the radiopharma ceuticals, and in some cases the iso topes themselves, be made at the site where they are to be used. This is where the staff radiopharmacist comes into the picture. Such a specialist will be on hand to build them into vitally necessary compounds that meet all the medical and legal standards for radiopharmaceuticals. Pilot. The USC radiopharmaev program is a pilot study, funded in part by a $163,600 grant from the Allied Health Manpower Division of the U.S. Public Health Service. It is the outgrowth of many hours of dis cussions between Dr. Wolf and his colleagues in Los Angeles and else where. Working closely with him has been Dr. Manuel Tubis, codirector of the program, who is a pioneer in radiopharmacy with the Los Angeles Veterans Administration Center. The program's first semester, carry ing 16 credit units, will provide the students with a thorough groundwork in radionuclides--their physics, chem istry, and production--along with the instrumentation involved in their de tection and assay. The semester's courses also will deal with the chem ical and biological effects of ionizing compounds. Keystone of the second, 16-unit se mester will be the production of radio pharmaceuticals and their use in medi cine. Subjects will also include the principles of health physics; fundamen tals of nuclear medicine; radiation 74 C&EN JUNE 9. 1969 DSW 200943 STLCOPCB4059007 ----------------------------------------------------- Radiopharmacist Wolf Placement requests years in advance hazards; and the local, state, and national laws relating to radioactive compounds. In addition to the lecture sessions there'll be intensive laboratory course work. The students will learn how to work with radioactive isotopes, how to assay them, how to build them into compounds, and the like. There'll be special emphasis, too, on adapting or modifying existing analytical tech niques for use with radionuclides. The final, four-unit semester will involve internship at a center of nuclear medicine either in the im mediate Los Angeles area or elsewhere in the country. This will give the students firsthand experience in super vising the preparation, purchase, stor age, and distribution of radiopharma ceuticals and like activities in a hos pital or clinic. No thesis is required in the M.S. program, but a more re search-oriented Ph.D. program is likely in the near future, Dr. Wolf says. Tuition for the three semesters comes to $2040. Three fellowships will be supported by the radiophar maceutical divisions of Abbott Lab oratories and E. R. Squibb & Sons. A number of other professionals have joined the USC radiopharmacy project. In addition to Dr. Tubis, Dr. Wolfs staff includes Dr. Carol S. Marcus, a radiobiologist; Dr. Robert K. Cole, a physicist; and physicians Jan K. Siemsen and Nancy Telfer, who are specialists in nuclear medi cine. To be sure, courses that deal with the use of radionuclides in medicine have been offered in many centers throughout the country for some time. They are part of the regular curriculum at some of the major schools of phar macy and medicine. There are also so-called "overview" courses, similar to the one that Dr. Wolf and Dr. Tubis have been conducting since 1960, which review the fundamentals of the biological applications of radio nuclides to the pharmaceutical sci ences and to nuclear medicine. Many of the participants in these courses. Dr. Tubis observes, are hospital pharma cists, representatives of instrument makers and of radiopharmaceutical suppliers, and people associated with some of the legal and regulatory aspects of nuclear medicine at the state and local levels. In contrast, the upcoming program at USC will confer a truly professional status to radiopharmacy by providing for the first time a master's degree in the subject. Dr. Wolf points out. "Our graduates will be competent in the preparation, handling, and for mulation of radioactive drugs," he says. "Moreover," he adds, "we will be training people to create new radio pharmaceuticals and to seek improved or novel compounds and new applica tions of these products." Graduate radiopharmacists shouldn't have any difficulty finding jobs. "There's a growing need for individuals with this sort of training, especially in university hospitals and large com munity hospitals with active nuclear medicine services," comments Dr. George V. Taplin, professor of radiol ogy at the University of California, Los Angeles, and chief of the nuclear medicine research division there. Many will be closely watching the USC experiment. It may well serve as a model for other similar programs. Correction In its report on Columbia Broadcast ing System's EVR (Electronic Video Recording), (C&EN, April 21, page 59) should have noted that EVR will result in films that cost about $1.00 per minute. This figure represents "a dramatic reduction in the cost of prerecorded materials," notes Robert Barnard, Ohio State University, where EVR is being investigated for instruc tional use. DEMINERALIZATION BY ION EXCHANGE In Water Treatment and Chemical Processing of Other Liquids by SAMUEL B. APPLEBAUM, Consulting Engineer, Philadelphia, for merly Technical Director, Cochrane Dioision--Crane Company; Vice-Presi dent, Permutit company. Discusses in-depth demineralization by ion exchange for the complete removal of dissolved ionic impurities from water and other liquids, as well as pretreatment for the removal of undissolved and gaseous impurities. Applications in fossil-fuel and nuclear power plants and their comparisons with evaporators for desalting brack ish waters are also discussed. 1968, 389 pp., $17.50 PRINCIPLES OF DESALINATION edited by K. S. SPIEGLER, Sea Water Conversion Laboratory, Uni versity of California, Berkeley, Cali fornia. This volume covers in detail the scientific, engineering, and economic aspects of the various water desalt ing methods. Organized to make this volume a comprehensive treat ment of the entire field, it contains detailed descriptions and flow sheets of the desalting methods now prac ticed, the first major review of the new process of hyperfiltration, and economic analysis of the cost of con ventional water supplies, and a sur vey of the preparation of ultrapure water. 1966, 566 pp,, $21.00 AIR POLLUTION Second edition in Three Volumes edited by ARTHUR C. STERN, Professor ofAir Hygiene, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineer ing, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. This three volume work provides one of the most comprehensive analyses of air pollution available. After studying the world's atmosphere, the contributors have arrived at general principles of air pollution. In this edition, the chapters have been re vised and updated and new articles included in order to present the latest findings in the field. Vol. 1; 1968, 694 pp,, $32.50 Vol. II: 1968, 684 pp,, $35.00 Vol. Ill: 1968, 894 pp,, $47.50 \_______________ J iP ACADEMIC PRESS 1 I 1 FIFTH AVENNl WULY,ONNKE WANIY) OI RI'NKPl'NN4 Y tOOOn DSW 200944 JUNE 9, 1969 C&EN 75 STLCOPCB4059008 American Chemical Society "Primary Publications on / Microfilm" Your Key to-- Dramatic savings in archival space and dollars . . . over 873,000 pages of chemical lit erature contained in a carrousel measuring only 17" x17" x 39". Faster access to needed data. Slash costly search and retrieval time required of your scientists and librarians. Unlimited distribution of copy righted scientific data. "ACS Primary Publications on Microfilm" are available under a unique licensing agreement permitting you to make as many en larged photocopies per page as desired ... for distribution through out your company. American Chemical Society Primary Publications included in this microfilm program: JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (1879-1969) INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY (1909-1969) CHEMICAL & ENGINEERING NEWS (1923-1969) ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (1929-1969) JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY (1896-1969) JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY (1953-1969) JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (1936-1969) JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA - (1956-1969) CHEMICAL REVIEWS (1924-1969) JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL DOCUMENTATION (1961-1969) INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRYFUNDAMENTALS (1962-1969) INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY-PROCESS DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT (1962-1969) INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY-PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (1962-1969) BIOCHEMISTRY (1962-1969) INORGANIC CHEMISTRY (1962-1969) JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (1959-1969) CHEMISTRY (1962-1969) ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (1967-1969) ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH (1968-1969) MACROMOLECULES (1968-1969) For information on "ACS Primary Publications on Microfilm", write or call: Mr. George Virvan Special Issues Sales American Chemical Society 1155 16th Street. N. W. Washington. D. C. 20036 (202-737-3337) 76 C&EN DSW 200945 STLCOPCB4059009  CONCENTRATES TECHNOLOGY Aluminized polymer film with urethane foam is under development by Goodyear Aerospace Corp. as an insulating material for possible post-Apollo spacecraft use. The lightweight material, designed to keep the spacecraft's liquid hydro gen fuel below --423 F., is being developed under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Marshall Space Flight Center by Dr. J. M. Stuckey of NASA and Goodyear engineers Ralph A. Burkley and Clem B. Schriver, who have applied for a patent. Structur ally compatible with the space vehicle, the insulating material can survive prelaunch, launch, and extended space mission environments. The U.S. Atomic Energy Commission's experimental molten salt reactor shuts down on Oct. 26. The reactor, fueled with 233U, went critical at Oak Ridge, Tenn., June 1, 1965, and was designed to develop technology leading to a thorium breeder reactor. Program director Murray W. Rosenthal says the reactor was critical 95% of the time; last autumn it became the world's first reactor to operate on 233U. Next step is to expand development work on a thorium breeder, in which thorium is converted to 233 U. New materials leading to development of new architectural ideas will be studied in a center being established at the University of Virginia. The Center for Research and Innovations in Buildings "will be the first established effort that is science oriented for new hardware for improving our environment," says its director. Dr. Lev Zetlin. Most relevant to the chemical industry is the center's goal of integrating new generations of building components and new materials "indispensable to sound future urban planning." Synthetic materials continue to push into use for shoes. Chrysler Plastic Products Corp., the Chrysler Corp. subsidiary which entered the vinyl field less than a year ago, has developed the first vinyl for shoe uppers that can be brushed at the shoe factory to give the much-sought handcrafted appearance of antique leather. Dr. Sumner B. Twiss, president of Chrysler Plastics, explains that brushing and burnishing natural leather to give an antique appearance is a well-known practice in the footwear industry, but the technique hasn't been successfully applied to vinyl until now. Olin Mathieson Chemical Co. has licensed use of its new mercury cell for chlorine-caustic pro duction to a Japanese company. Known as the Olin E-812, the new cell will be used by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., at a 250 ton-per-day plant to be built at Goi, Chiba Prefecture, Japan. The plant will also use Olin's new automatic anode adjuster. This will be the first time Olin has licensed the cell and the adjuster system. The cell can produce 10 tons of chlorine per day operating at 300,000 amp. According to Olin, the adjuster system reduces mercury and graphite requirements below those of other cells currently in use. Proposals from industry are being sought by the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission for the first phase of a project relating to development, construction, and operation of a liquid-metal-cooled, fast breeder power reactor. The first phase is to help the parties define technical and economic risks of the total project and to determine whether there are bases well enough understood and assessed for a cooperative arrangement for construction and operation of a plant. Proposals by reactor manufacturers associated with a utility or group of utilities will be accepted by AEC to July 28. DSW 200946 JUNE 9, 1969 C&EN 77 STLCOPCB4059010 TECHNOLOGY New commission would guide communication Proposal is one of many from three-year study by NAS-NAE committee on information handling Establishment of a Joint Commission on Scientific and Technical Communi cation is a prime recommendation of a National Academy of Sciences-Na- tional Academy of Engineering com mittee in its final report, issued last week. The joint commission would be responsible to the councils of the two academies and would have a two fold mission: . To serve the scientific and tech nical community by fostering coor dination and consolidation of its in terests in the handling of scientific and technical information. To serve the Government by pro viding representatively comprehensive and authoritative information and ad vice on the activities, needs, and ideas of the scientific and technical com munity on information handling. Committee chairman Cairns Surveyed in depth The proposal of a joint commission is one of 55 recommendations con tained in the report of the Com mittee on Scientific and Technical Communication (SATCOM) of the National Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Engineering. SATCOM consists of some two dozen members drawn from industry and education, representing scientific, technical, and information activities. Charted by Dr. Robert W. Cairns, vice president of Hercules, Inc., and Past-President of the American Chem ical Society, it was established early in 1966 by the two academies. At the time SATCOM came into being, governmental efforts to cope with the growing information problem had resulted in creating the Office of Science Information Service of the t i SATCOM looks at scientific and technical information handling Some of its recommendations . . . On national planning and coordination: Establishment of a Joint Commission on Scientific and Technical Communication, responsible to the councils of the National Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Engineering. Recognition by scientific and technical organizations of the national implications of their activities and the proper role of the Government. Allotment by government agencies of a central role in management of information services required to sup port their missions to the scientific and technical community or, in some cases, to commercial informa tion-handling organizations. Congressional legislative action to create a special statutory commission to study copyright problems posed by radical new techniques now available for reproducing documents and for storing and processing information. input costs of basic abstracting services can make transfer for reprocessing financially feasible at about the cost of reproduction and distribution. Adequate and continuing feedback mechanisms to assure the relevance of services, and marketing and education efforts to overcome the "in a rut" and "line of least resistance" behavior patterns of users faced with new and improved services. On the classical services: Funding by departments and agencies of the Federal Government of the literature-access services needed for effective utilization of the knowledge resulting from research and technical activities they sponsor. Direct grants from appropriate agencies for strength ening research library services, with emphasis on funding new and innovative services. Special provisions in research grants to educational and research institutions for adequate funds for the use of needed library and information services. On services for the user: Acceptance by scientific and technical societies of a major responsibility for identifying needs for critical reviews and data compilations, furthering their prepa ration, fostering awareness of their existence, and stimulating education in their use. Active participation by those societies and agencies concerned with abstracting services to identify dif ficulties, find solutions, and take the initiative in proposing and testing arrangements through which an increasing contribution by sponsors of research to the On studies, research, and experiments: Initiation of comprehensive analyses and experiments on the functioning of different parts of the scientific and technical communication network and on its over all operation. Establishment by the Federal Government of a single group to plan a unified program of critical, operational experiments in scientific and technical communication and to find, guide, and support contractors in the conduct of such experiments. 78 C&EN JUNE 9, 1969 DSW 200947 STLCOPCB4059011 National Science Foundation and the Committee on Scientific and Technical Information (COSATI) of the Federal Council for Science and Technology. The first was formed to foster de velopment of more-effective informa tion services in not-for-profit organiza tions. COSATI's effort was directed toward greater coordination among the varied information-handling ac tivities of government agencies. less acute. In releasing its report, SATCOM added its voice to those putting statistical dimensions on the problem. New research published has been doubling every 10 to 15 years since 1900. Some 40,000 research papers a year in physics are currently being published--several times that number in chemistry, biology, and agriculture, even more in medicine, and, all told. TYPICAL. In a typical information processing activity at Chemical Abstracts, ab stracts data are keyboarded onto magnetic tape for computer There was, however, no group working on coordination of the infor mation activities of private groups. Consequently, SATCOM was estab lished by the academies at the re quest of the National Science Founda tion. First it was to make a very broad and detailed study of the many ways in which information is handled and in which facts and insights are transmitted. Second, it was to formu late specific recommendations to pri vate organizations and to the Federal Government, particularly on the rela tion of federal to private activities. The just-released report is the re sult. In carrying out its study, SATCOM surveyed in depth each of a large number of private and govern ment information-handling activities. Four ad, hoc groups were formed to aid in resolving certain currently acute issues and to develop perspectives on possible coordination procedures in certain special fields. Moreover, SATCOM established a group of some 200 consulting correspondents. In this way, it was able to gather opin ions of the scientific, technical, and information-handling communities and to get broad participation in formulat ing and resolving policy questions. As most scientists and engineers are aware of by now, the "information explosion" is so real as to be a cliche. This doesn't, however, make it any perhaps as many as 2 million in all fields of science and technology. The papers are carried in some 30,000 different specialized journals. This growth in information--a re sult of the great growth of scientific and technological effort itself--is one of three rapid changes noted by SATCOM that are affecting informa tion flow. In addition, concepts are growing more complex and new links and interdependencies are forming established and emerging disciplines. Moreover, there are new and intensify ing demands for quick and efficient application of scientific knowledge to useful ends. SATCOM terms today's pluralistic system of information exchange "rea sonably effective" but "increasingly challenged." It sees a need for guid ance of the system's evolution. All the organizations involved--governf ment, scientific, technical, and forprofit--must increasingly recognize and accept responsibility for more-effective coordination and for broader under standing of problems and opportuni ties. In formulating its recommendations, the committee treats five general areas: planning, coordination, and leadership at the national level; con solidation and reprocessing--services for the user; classical services (ab stracting and indexing, libraries, for mal and semiformal publication, and meetings); personal informal com munication; and studies, research, and experiments. The committee's 55 recommenda tions in these areas set the broad pattern advocated by the committee for development of scientific and tech nical communication. The system, it feels, should be pluralistic, user-ori ented, and rapidly evolving under strong federal support--but with strong self-coordination to match the grow ing responsibilities of the private or ganizations. Establishment of a joint commis sion is perhaps one of the more farreaching of the committee's recom mendations. SATCOM states that it felt the need for a broadly represen tative, high-prestige, nongovernment body to lead the private for-profit and not-for-profit organizations in co ordinating their interests and programs and to facilitate interaction with gov ernment policy-making organizations. As envisioned by SATCOM, the joint commission would have a mem bership of about 20 persons, broadly representing the major scientific and technical communities and the prin cipal kinds of information-handling or ganizations. It would be supported by an adequately staffed professional secretariat. A major responsibility of the joint commission, SATCOM points out, would be to maintain close and continuing contact with the communi ties it serves. It would do this by establishing ad hoc committees and task groups for major problem areas. It would also interact with a large number of consulting correspondents, such as those helping SATCOM. Another major recommendation calls on scientific and technical organiza tions to recognize the national implica tions of their activities and the proper role of the government. In turn, it calls on government agencies to allot a central place in the management of the information services required in support of agency missions to the scientific and technical community, or in some cases commercial information handling organizations. As an illustration of this approach, (SATCOM) cites the National Aero nautics and Space Administration (NASA). NASA fostered creation of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, a nongovernment organization of scientists and engi neers. The institute, under contract to NASA makes information on jour nals and the like in the field available through International Aerospace Ab stracts. In addition, NASA, has con tracted with a commercial organiza tion to provide coverage of the world wide technical report literature. DSW 200948 JUNE 9- 1969 C&EN 79 STLCOPCB4059012 NEW PRODUCTS--ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL Equipment Effluent treatment system. Closed-loop blast furnace scrubber effluent treatment is based on high-intensity magnetic separation techniques; continuously removes solids, heat, and chemical con taminants; fully integrated, cost optimized, and self-protecting. Magnetic Engineering Associates, Cambridge, Mass. E 30 Exhaust control (PTX-D Purifier). Unit, installed in place of conventional mufflers on diesel vehicles, such as fork lift trucks and mining machinery, uses platinum-group catalyst that oxi dizes carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and exhaust odors into carbon dioxide and water: also for use on white gasoline or LP gas-fueled vehicles. Engelhard Industries, Newark, N.J. E 31 Phosphorus detector. Portable instrument, based on hydrogen flame emission detection principle, can detect minute concen trations of phosphorus in the atmosphere; automatic alarm warns of high or predetermined levels of phosphorus. Beckman In struments, Inc., Fullerton, Calif. E 32 Dissolved oxygen electrode. Device is specifically designed for industrial and laboratory fermentations, as well as chemical processes; electrochemical membrane-type probe can be re peatedly steam sterilized in place; fast response and high elec trical stability; made in various lengths. New Brunswick Scien tific Co., New Brunswick, N.J. E 33 Gas detector (Series 5000). Systems continuously monitor any sample area and signal presence of combustible gas or vapor in concentrations below lower explosive limit; features high- capacity pump that draws sample gas through analyzer detector cell from distances up to 500 feet and more. Devco Engineer ing, Inc., Fairfield, N.J. E 34 Chemicals Caustic potash. Walnut-sized white briquettes are efficient size and shape for use in gas scrubbers for removing sulfides, carbon dioxide, water, and other impurities from natural gas and LP gas. Hooker Chemical Corp., Niagara Falls, N.Y. C 60 Scale remover (Skail-Away). Powder or liquid concentrate quickly dissolves calcium and magnesium scale to prevent costly repairs and restore efficiency to all types of water handling equipment; odorless and nonfuming. Vulcan Laboratories, Inc., Pontiac, Mich. C 61 Water conditioner (Dearborn RC-380). Formula is a unique blend of liquid polymeric antifoulants with organic scale and corrosion preventives; sequesters scale-forming minerals with no acid and no testing; one year-around dosage level; free of chro mates and polyphosphates, so does not contribute to pollution and is not a nutrient for algae in effluent streams. W. R. Grace & Co., Chicago, 111. C 62 Literature Dust filter (Bulletin 2130). Details multitube filter, a self-con tained cylindrical unit for intermittent operation in dust control systems; cloth tube filter can be used to remove dust from con veying air in pneumatic systems, collect dust at bag dumping stations, and provide greater venting for storage structures. Sprout, Waldron & Co., Inc., Muncy, Pa. L1 Ventilating systems (Bulletin 12-2). Discusses industrial ven tilating systems engineered of glass-fiber-reinforced plastic; complete floor-to-roof systems to solve problems with corrosive exhausts and air pollution regulations; illustrated. The Ceilcote Co., Berea, Ohio L2 Biological control (Bulletin 694). Highlights effective micro biological control in industrial recirculating cooling water sys tems and pasteurizers; company products in powder and pellet form give effective control even where chlorination is ineffec tive. Betz, Trevose, Pa. L3 Air systems brochure. Describes packaged plant air supply units; nested cooler-receiver saves space and increases system efficiency: single-stage, water-cooled units with power up to 100 hp. Worthington Corp., Buffalo, N.Y. 'L4 Air pollution control brochure. Describes company's scope of consulting, designing, and engineering services for control of air pollution. Air Pollution Industries, Englewood Cliffs, N.J. L 5 Pollution analyzer brochure. Describes how to monitor air pol lution from stack emissions with the Du Pont 400 Photometric Analyzer; charts and tables; five pages. E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del. L6 Food industry wastes (Special circular 113). Comprehensively describes waste management, treatment, and disposal for the food processing industry; glossary; 28 pages. Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pa. L7 I. For more information on products listed, check the appropriate numbers on the coupon below and marl. June 9, 1969 Inquiry coupon is valid if received by Sept. 8 Name Title Company Street Citv. State, Zip No. E 30 31 32 33 34 C 60 61 62 L 1 23 4567 Functions A P Management G Analysis/Testing B Process Research & Development H Marketing/Sales C Product Research & Development I Purchasing D Basic Research J Consulting E Plant Operations K Teaching-Student F O Engineering Design & Construction Industry A ( ) Engineering and Construction K ( ) Petroleum Refining, Asphalts, B ( ) Food and Kindred Products Lubricants C i ) Textile Mill Products L ( ) Rubber and Plastic Products D ( ) Paper and Allied Products M i ) Independent Laboratories E ( ) Government ' N ( ) Consultants F { ) Chemicals and Allied Products O ( ) Primary Metal Industries G ( ) Elastomers, Polymers, Plasticizers P ( ) Fabricated Metal Products H ( ) Drugs O ( ) Machinery and Equipment I ( ) Detergents, Cosmetics, Specialties R f ) Transportation Equipment J ( ) Paints, Varnishes, etc. S ( ) Instruments and Controls T ( ) Education Clip & Mail to: C&EN Readers' Information Service, Publishers Data Center, Inc., 132 West 31st St., New York, N.Y. 10001 80 C&EN JUNE 9. 1969 DSW 200949 1 f k lA i: STLCOPCB4059013 How We Were Embarrassed To Find We Had Overlooked The Real Importance Of A Product We've Been Making For Ten Years!! Occasionally a company will develop a product that gets pushed aside because it's introduced with other products more glamorous--which get all the attention from the company's sales and advertising people. Such a product is usually dropped, eventually, because no one wants to bother with it. We were considering a suggestion to drop our Piccolastic Resin series a few months ago for the same reason. We checked into production records, though, and found to our amazement (and embarrassment) that we're selling millions of pounds of this resin without benefit of advertis ing, adequate technical data,or the slightest sales emphasis! We checked into the applications our customers have for these resins and found many cases where the properties were uniquely adapted... where no other resin would do. The wide scope of these applications amazed us--from adhesives to electrical insulation. We apparently failed to realize just how versatile pure low molecular-weight styrene resin could be. But we're mending our ways--fast. We are preparing a new Piccolastic catalog and making it the most complete set of data in the Picco library. Chances are you've never evaluated Piccolastic Resins yourself. They're tough, flexible, com pletely inert, widely compatible and light in color. Don't be embarrassed to find you have overlooked the importance of Piccolastic Resins too. Mail the coupon for your free copy of the new Piccolastic Resins catalog. < & \ PENNSYLVANIA INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION / HI State Street Clairton, Pennsylvania 15025 Please send free copy of Piccolastic Resins catalog. Name Position Company Type of business Address CEN 6/9/69 DSW 200950 c&en si i STLCOPCB4059014 ASSOCIATIONS Model 738-200 LECO'S new Simultaneous Oxygen/Nitrogen Determinator ... utilizes a single-use crucible in LECO'S exclusive Impulse Furnace to provide fast, accurate simultaneous nitrogen and oxygen determinations in metals and other materials Operating temperature of ap proximately 2500 C is ob tained in seconds for both cru cible outgassing and analysis. The single-use crucible loads quickly and, after sample in troduction, all operations are automatic. Range is from less than 5 ppm to 1000 ppm for both nitrogen and oxygen. Weight compensator allows re sults to be read directly from all-electronic digital displays. LECD LABORATORY EQUIPMENT CORPORATION 1415 Hilltop Road St. Joseph, Michigan, 49085, U.S.A. 82 C&EN JUNE 9. 1969 5TH MARM A second call for papers has been issued by the general chairman of the 5th Middle Atlantic Regional Meeting of ACS to be held April 1-4, 1970, at University of Delaware, Newark, Del. The program will include panel lectures on space chemistry, sea chem istry, pollution, and water purification, and panel discussions on industrial development and ethical drugs. There will also be public panel discussions on chemical education, science teachers, and student groups. Send inquiries concerning submis sion of papers to Dr. F. T. Wallenberger, General Chairman, 5th MARM, c/o Du Pont, Chestnut Run, TRL, Wilmington, Del. 19898. 1970 zeolite conference The 2nd Internationa] Conference on Molecular Sieve Zeolites will be held at Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Mass., Sept. 8-11, 1970. Sessions will include invited and sub mitted papers on structure, mineral ogy, synthesis, adsorption, catalysis, and modifications and general proper ties, including ion exchange. The conference is cosponsored by the ACS Division of Colloid and Sur face Chemistry, the ACS Division of Petroleum Chemistry, and Worcester Polytechnic Institute. Abstracts go to Edith M. Flanigen, Union Carbide Corp., Linde Division, P.O. Box 44, Tonawanda, N.Y. 14150 before Aug. 15; complete paper by Jan. 1. For registration information write Dr. L. B. Sand, Dept, of Chemi cal Engineering, WPI Worcester, Mass. 01609. MEETINGS Nature of Metal-Ammonia Solutions, Colloque Weyl II, at Cornell, Ithaca, N.Y., June 16-20. Sponsors, ACS and IUPAC. Program will feature eight half-day sessions with plenary lectures and research contributions, also general discussions. Requests for housing go to M. J. Sienko, Chem istry Dept., Cornell, Ithaca, N.Y. 14850. Institute of Physics and the Physical Society, 1969 meetings include: Fibres for Composites: Strength, Structure, and Stability, Brighton, England, June 30-July 1; The ThreeBody Problem in Nuclear and Parti cle Physics, Birmingham, July 8-10; MEN & MOLECULES . . . released for broadcast after June 13 is titled A Scientific Odyssey and features Dr. David Harker of Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Buffalo, N.Y. See "Men and Molecules" list ings beginning on page 44 of C&EN, Feb. 17 for stations broad casting in your area. Each week C&EN announces here the "Men and Molecules" program to be re leased the following Friday. Call your local station to find out when specific programs you are inter ested in will be broadcast. Atomic Collision Phenomena in Sol ids, University of Sussex, Sept 7-12, Solid State Devices, University of Ex eter, Sept. 16-19; Plasma Turbu lence, University of Manchester, Sept. 22-23; Nuclear and Elementary Par ticle Physics, Sept. 24-26. Write IP&PS, 47 Belgrave Sq., London, S.W.l, England. Practical Application of SI Units, topic of international conference or ganized by Production Engineering Research Association of Great Britain, Brussels, June 24-25. Write PERA, Melton Mowbray, Leicestershire, Eng land. Society of Chemical Industry, Sympo sium on New Horizons for Chemistry and Industry in the 1990's, University of Lancaster, England, July 7-11. Technical program, plenary lectures, plant tours, recreation, social events, sightseeing. Write W. E. Cowley, P.O. Box 17, Ellesmere Port, Wirral, Cheshire, L65 4HF, England. Universities, National Laboratories, and Man's Environment, subject of conference sponsored by Argonne Universities Association, at Marriott Hotel near Chicago's O'Hare Interna tional Airport, July 27-29. Write AUA, P.O. Box 307, Argonne, 111. 60439. Ninth Annual Symposium on Physics and Nondestructive Testing, Holiday Inn-Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, 111., Sept. 23-25. Sponsor: Gordon & Breach, Science Publishers, Inc. Dis cussion will center around presenta tion of fundamental physical princi ples which form the basis for non destructive testing technology, with stress on science rather than applica tions. Write W. J. McGonnagle, Co ordinator, Symposium, P.O. Box 554, Elmhurst, 111. 60126. DSW 200951 STLCOPCB4059015 PEOPLE for custom chemical processing of virtually unlimited scope including: NITRATIONS SULFONATIONS ALKALI FUSIONS HALOGENATIONS PHOSGENATIONS CATALYTIC REDUCTIONS Squires honored with Shreve Prize Dr. Robert 6. Squires (center), associate professor of chemical engineering at Purdue, receives the Shreve Prize for Chemical Processing from Dr. Frederick L. Hovde, Purdue president. At right is Dr. R. Norris Shreve, professor emeritus of chemical engineering, who with the late Mrs. Shreve established the prize in 1960. Dr. Shreve headed the chemical and metallurgical engineering school at Purdue many years and is a 60-year member of ACS. The prize of $500 recognizes "best contribution involving teaching, research, writing, or consulting in the field." GOVERNMENT Dr. Gerhard M. Brauer of dental re search section. National Bureau of Stand ards, receives the Wilmer Souder Award of International Association for Dental Research ... Dr. Robert W. Cairns, v.p. and director of Hercules, Inc., and ACS President last year, appointed sci ence adviser by Gov. Russell W. Peter son of Delaware . . . Dr. Gerald G. Dull named chief of Fruit and Vegetable Laboratory of USDA's new Southeastern Agricultural Research Laboratory, Athens, Ga. ... Dr. Martin G. Ettlinger ap pointed a National Research Council senior visiting research associate at U.S. Army Natick Laboratories, Natick, Mass. . . . Sidney H. Greenfeld joins staff of Institute for Applied Technology at Na tional Bureau of Standards, Washing ton, D.C. . . . William F. Hardgrove has been elected president of Institute of Environmental Sciences. He is an aerospace engineer with NASA's God dard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. . . . Travis P. Hignett, director of division of chemical development for TVA at Muscle Shoals, Ala., presented the sixth annual Francis New Memorial Lecture and received the Francis New Memorial Medal in London, an honor of the Fertilizer Society . . . Dr. Henry Hill, president of Riverside Research Laboratories, Watertown, Mass., ap pointed to National Commission on Product Safety', set up to advise the Senate Subcommittee for Consumers . . . Sister Mary of Lourdes, IHM, president of Immaculata College, named to Phil adelphia Commission on Higher Educa tion by the mayor . . . Dr. Joseph Naghski and Dr. Russell L. Stedman of the staff of Eastern Utilization R&D di vision at Wyndmoor, Pa., have been cited for their research with USDA. Dr. Naghski is chief of hides and leather lab and Dr. Stedman of smoke investiga tions in the tobacco lab . . . Dr. Lambertus H. Princen of USDA's Northern Utilization Research Laboratory receives Superior Service certificate for "applying basic research to practical problems in making emulsions and dispersions." . . . Dr. Irl C. Schoonover, who retired this year a deputy director of U.S. Bureau of Standards, receives honorary D.Sc. at Davis & Elkins College. INDUSTRY New sales representatives for urethane chemicals at Jefferson Chemical: Philip N. Baldwin, Jr., Grover C. Garrison, and Jerry M. Lemonds . . . Kenneth R. Barr named manager of General Elec tric's phenolic products business section . . . American Institute of Chemists honored six chemists with Chemical Pio- CHLORINATIONS . . . and a variety of organic condensation reactions in a plant designed for maximum flexibility. For more than 20 years we've been serving the largest and most respected firms in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. For more information, write our Fine Chemicals Depart ment, 580 Sylvan Avenue, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 07632, or phone 201-568-3023. Ashland Ashland Chemical Campanil DIVISION OF ASHLANO OIL & REFINING COMPANY 8 East Long Street Columbus, Ohio 43216 DSW 200952 JUNE 9, 1969 C&EN 83 STLCOPCB4059016 Why don't you employ Pentagons? IMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES now available in commercial quantities For detailed information please cal! New York OKURA & CO., NEW YORK, INC. 250 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10007 Telephone No.: Barclay 7--4100 Cable Address: "OKURA NEW YORK" Telex: 222511, 420415 London OKURA TRADING CO., LTD. LONDON BRANCH/Lee House, London Waft London E.C. 2, England Telephone No.: 606--2487 f Duesseldorf OKURA TRADING CO., G .M. B. H. Duesseldorf Immermannstrasse 13 F. R. Germany Telephone No.: Duesseldorf 357081, 357082 Cable Address: "OKURA DUESSELDORF" Telex: 8582102 manufactured by -^SHIKOKU KASEIco.,ltd. Yushikogyo Kaikan Bldg. 3-3 Edobashl Nlhonbashl Chuo-ku Tokyo Japan SHORT COURSES FEATURING EXTENSIVE SUPERVISED LAB EXPERIMENTS AND THOROUGH LECTURES ORGANIC POLAROGRAPHY--$250 (1 wk.) includes mechanisms and correlations of organic electrode reactions and dc, ac, linear sweep and pulsed polarographic instrumentation. ^ Profs. V. Horak and R.de Levie COMBINED GC-MS-IR ANALYSIS-$300 (1 wk.) Includes combined gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric (single and double focusingi and quadrupole) instrumentation as well as rapid-scan, stopped-flow and interfero metric GC-Infrared spectroscopy. -- Prof. C. F. Hammer and Dr. P. C. Rankin ATOMIC ABSORPTION-$300 (1 Wk.) September 15-19, 1969 Includes basic theory, instrumentation, sample preparation and quantitation as well as new directions in atomic spectroscopy. -- Prof. L. P. Morgenfha/er SOLID STATE ELECTRONICS-$450 (2 wks.) TMoor Includes modern applications of: semiconductors, {unction and field-effect transistor circuits, operational amplifiers, and linear and digital integrated circuits to: signal con ditioning, measurements, and instrument control.-- Profs. L. P. Morgenthaler and R. de Levie Pees shown include tuition, lab. fees, books and supplies, but not board. Air-conditioned dormitory rooms available on campus @ $23 per week. Write for application forms and detailed information to: INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY CHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT Washington, D. C. 20007 (offered through the University's Division of Continuing Education) 84 C&EN JUNE 9, 1969 neer Awards in May: Dr. Orlando A. Battista of FMC Corp.; Dr. Harold C. Urey of University of California, San Diego; Dr. Roy J. Plunkett of Du Pont; Dr. Hervey H. Voge of Shell Develop ment; and Dr. William G. Toland and Dr. living E. Levine of Chevron Re search Co. ... Dr. Robert P. Bennett named lab director at Apollo Chemical Corp., Clifton, N.J. . . . Edward Bernheim joins staff of Capitol Packaging Co., Melrose Park, 111. . . . Dr. Robert J. Bingham joins Beatrice Foods Co. as head of agri-products research, Chicago . . . John C. Blackwood named market development manager for National Poly chemicals, Inc., Wilmington, Mass. . . . Lynn Brewer named manager of equip ment development for Applied Materials Technology, Inc., Santa Clara, Calif. . . . Bernard J. Bucceri named manager of operations at Autoclave Engineers . . . Stanley W. Burnham and Dr. Roderick A. Mundy named to staff at Sterling Drug, Inc., Monticello, 111. . . . Jack H. Byrum promoted to manager of quality control at Eli Lilly's Tippecanoe lab oratories, Lafayette, Ind. . . . Martin T. Chlystek named operations manager of Westinghouse industrial plastics division's Bedford, Pa., plant. Ronald B. Hart promoted to product line manager of chemical products for the division . . . Joel D. Citron joins research staff of Du Pont's elastomer chemicals department, Wilmington ... Dr. William J. Considine joins Geigy Pharmaceuticals as assistant to the senior v.p. for medicinal research, Ardsley, N.Y. ... Dr. James G. Dadura named research technologist in com mercial development section at Texaco research center, Beacon, N.Y. Dorwan G. Vizzier, Jay M. Wilson, and Tom P. Webb join technical staff of Texaco, Port Arthur, Tex. . . . Samuel X. deLorenzo appointed director of research administra tion at Schering Corp. R&D, Bloom field, N.J. . . . John S. DeMurley named products manager for process industries at American-Standard, Piscataway Town ship, N.J. John E. Alspach named pro duction manager, reverse osmosis sys tems ... Dr. Alan F. Dickason joins new applications division of Sun Oil, Philadelphia. Thomas W. Mitchell and Tyrone R. Smith join research service . . . Robert M. Dobbins and Charles E. Lumley, Jr., who have been specialists in the customs duty drawback procedure at Celanese Corp., have established D&L Associates in New York City . . . William C. Drinkard, Jr., promoted to research associate in intermediates research section at Du Pont's plastics department . . . Robert P. Ericson named director of marketing services for chemical division of PPG Industries, Pittsburgh . . . Dr. Paul B. Ferrara joins Du Pont's Benger lab staff as research chemist. John B. Norris, Jr., joins as engineer ... Dr. Ray N. Finch named manager of technical evaluation by Celanese Chemical, New York City ... Dr. Manuel N. Fineman, director of R&D of Puritan Chemical, Atlanta, elected a v.p. of the firm . . . Earl Fisher promoted to operation super visor and transferred to the operating department of Texas Eastern Transmis sion Corp., Shreveport, La. . . . Robert DSW 200953 STLCOPCB4059017 FREE! 16-PAGE CATALOG ON TEFLON LABWARE Fluoroware labware is made of FEP Teflon*, the closest thing there is to an ideal labware material--inert, useable at extreme temper atures, unwettable and unbreakable. And Fluoroware knows the secret of molding Teflon into perfect shapes with good seethrough properties. Write for a copy of Fluoroware's "Labware Catalog", including information on its phys ical and chemical properties. DuPont Trademark tf FLUOROWARE. Chaska, Minnesota 55318 * Phone 612-448-3131 American Gilsonite can saveyou on every dollar you spend for HotMeitBiends Gilsonite has a wide range of compatibility with the waxes, plasticizers, and tackifiers nor mally used in hot melts. It may save you as much as 50%. TRY IT! An exclusive product of AMERICAN GILSONITE COMPANY 1 ISO K.ENNECOTT BLOG. SALT LAKE CITV, UTAH 84111 J. Fisher joins Atlas Chemical Industries, Wilmington, Del., as scientific computer analyst, organization and systems plan ning department; James S. Hampton joins product development department . . . Walter E. Fitzgerald promoted to pro duction superintendent at Niagara plant of Hooker Chemical. Bruce A. Schuck named manager of commercial develop ment projects; Jay A. Cull promoted to manager of process development . . . Merle R. Foutz promoted to senior tech nical sales representative at Hughson Chemical Co., Erie, Pa. . . . Dr. Denis K. Gilding named liquid chromatography product manager at Nester-Faust Mfg. Corp., Newark, Del. . . . Sidney Goldin, retired v.p. of Asiatic Petroleum Corp., elected to board of Witco Chemical . . . Dr. John V. Gramas and Dr. James E. Brennan promoted to senior research chemists at Du Pont's photo products department, Wilmington, Del. . . . Ken neth J. Gray named senior process en gineer on staff of B. F. Goodrich R&D center, Brecksville, Ohio . . . Dr. Robert P. Hamlen named manager of electro chemistry branch, General Electric R&D center physical chemistry lab; Dr. Fritz G. Will named manager of newly created electrochemical materials and reactions unit; Dr. Harold A. Christopher becomes technical coordinator for physical chem istry lab . . . Gilbert R. Harr joins Amercoat Corp. as director of manu facturing and plant engineering . . . H. C. Haupt transfers to Palmerton, Pa., plant of New Jersey Zinc Co. as assistant to manager, zinc division; J. F. Smith moves from Palmerton to New York headquarters as assistant to general man ager of manufacturing . . . Bruce G. Hawthorn named operating manager of refinery facilities at Puerto Rico Sun Oil, and W. Thomas McCollough, operating superintendent, Yabucoa, P.R. . . . Walter G. Heald promoted to works manager of North Tonawanda plant for Hooker Chemical. Succeeds Carl W. Meyers, now special assistant to v.p. and general manager of Durez division . . . James R. Henes joins American Oil's Whiting, Ind., R&D department as project chem ist in analytical research . . . George W. Higginson named director of catalyst sales for Houdry Process & Chemical . . . Dr. Robert B. Holden named manager of research operations at United Nuclear Corp, . . . Dwight R. Holmes named to newly created post of director of marketing for Pfizer minerals, pigments, and metals division. William S. Sale promoted to branch sales manager at Emeryville, Calif. . . . Ray A. Holmes named assistant west coast regional sales manager and Thomas Hughes, market ing planning manager for specialty chem ical division of Stauffer Chemical . . . Robert L. Hotchkiss promoted to de velopment associate at Dow Chemical . . . Eric G. Huessy and William S. Mit chell join R&D staff of Peavey Co., Min neapolis . . . Evan A. Johnson named v.p. of Sumitomo Shoji America, Inc., New York City. He will be in charge of all cryogenic activities for the com pany in U.S. and Canada . . . Robert B. Keenan named technical sales represen tative for Nopco Chemical Canada. Ltd.. for Chloromethylated OxidesDiphenyl now lead to Stauffer From now on, the Benzol Products facility of Stauffer's Cowles Chemical Division is your manufacturing source for commercial quantities of: P nil non n Monochloromethyl U IVI U r U " I / Diphenyl Oxide CM D P0-25 SSSSoffl"' rnnriDn OO Tri(Chloromethyl)- ulVIUr U~<j Diphenyl Oxide MMDP ^0-15 Diphenyl Oxide We also make other Aromatic Chloromethylated Compounds in commercial quantities, including: a, a -Dichloroxylenes Di(Chloromethyl)Toluene The special qualifications and outstanding experience in chloromethylation technology of Benzol Products personnel now work for you on an even bigger scale. Product samples and technical data sheets are yours on request. Stauffer CHEMICALS Stauffer Chemical Company Cowles Chemical Division MdnloPark Office Bldg..Edison. New Jersey 08817 (201) 549-7410 DSW 200954 june 9, 1969 c&en 85 STLCOPCB4059018 Phosphine Ligands New executives and a retirement Organophosphorus Compounds Young Dufour TRIMETHYLOPROPANE PHOSPHINE ESTER (l-Ethyl-4*phospha*3,5,8-trioxabicycfo [2.2.2] octane) OIPHOS (Ethylenebisdiphenylphosphine) DIPHENYl-p-TOLYPHOSPHINE METHOXYDIPHENYL PHOSPHINE n-BUTOXYDIPHENYLPHOSPHINE DI-n-BUTOXYPHENYLPHOSPHINE are six phosphine ligands now offered by Arapahoe as a representa tive sample of our capability of pro ducing, on demand, a large spectrum of organophosphorus compounds in commercial quantities. Phosphine ligands and ligand combinations pro duce a large variety of complex metal catalysts which have found commer cial use. Phosphines and organo phosphorus compounds are also used as flame retardants, plasti cizers, fuel additives, cross-linking agents and in similar applications. Write for full information on Arap ahoe phosphine production capa bilities and samples, prices, and technical information on these six representative phosphines. cwmicflLS DIVISION OF SYNTEX CORPORATION 2855 WALNUT ST. BOULDER. COLORADO 80302 86 C&EN JUNE 9, 1969 ACCR/A David W. Young, senior research asso ciate of Atlantic Richfield Co., has been named president-elect of American Insti tute of Chemists. In 1971 he will auto matically succeed to the presidency of AIC. He was honored by AIC in 1967 with a plaque in recognition of his achievements as a Chemical Pioneer. He is a leading inventor in the petroleum industry. Maurice F. Dufour named president of Freeport Research & Development Co., a newly formed division of Freeport Sul phur. He will coordinate Freeport's R&D activity, particularly the metal lurgical, engineering, and design aspects of the company's projects in Australia and West Irian (Indonesia). Dr. Hans Lineweaver, chief of poultry lab of USDA's research center, Albany, Calif., has been, named president-elect of the Institute of Food Technologists. Dr. Milton W. Taylor, professor of ag ricultural biochemistry at the college of agriculture and environmental science at Rutgers, retires July 1 after 39 years of service. He first served as instructor in nutrition and agricultural biochem istry and later became chairman of the department of agricultural biochemistry, until that department and the agricultural microbiology department were combined in 1966. Dr. Taylor is a fellow of the New York Academy of Science. Dr. Arnold C. Ott has been named to the post of chairman and chief executive officer of Cascade Data/Computer Sys tems, which is a new company formed to develop, manufacture, market, and service computer systems for small busi ness data processing. Dr. Ott was founder of Ott Chemical Co., which now operates as a wholly owned subsid iary of Corn Products. Port Coquitlam, B.C. . . . Dr. C. L. Kehr promoted to director of organic mate rials research at research division of W. R. Grace, Clarksville, Md. . . . Dr. L. V. Triggiani promoted to director of nuclear research . . . Sam Kiguchi elected v.p.technical at Crawford & Russell, Inc., Stamford, Conn. . . . Dr. Harvey S. Klein named department head, indus trial chemicals research, at Shell De velopment, Emeryville, Calif. ... Dr. James O. Koehler named technical di rector of Midland division of Dexter Corp., Rocky Hill, Conn. Harold A. Pollay named manager, special projects . . . Bernard Kouzel promoted to en gineering associate at Union Oil Co. research center, Brea, Calif. ... Dr. Klaus B. Krueger and Norman C. Samish join Shell Development's Emeryville, Calif., research center as engineers; Philip D. Freedman joins the San Fran- cisco patent division as patent attorney . . . Richard F. Kruger, v.p.-operations, elected to Signetics Corp. board of di rectors . . . Frank A. Lee elected a se nior v.p. of Foster Wheeler Corp. . . . Gerald A. Lessels named lab manager for ink division of J. M. Huber Corp. . . . Robert N. Lowry joins PPC Indus tries research lab as senior research chem ist, Barberton, Ohio . . . Ernest E. Lud wig, formerly of Copolymer Rubber & Chemical Corp., has established private practice as a petrochemical consultant. Baton Rouge . . . John E. Lynch named director of industrial products for Cyanamid International's Europe-African region with headquarters at Wayne, N.J. . . . Dr. John W. Marshall promoted to gen eral manager of Katalco Corp. . . . Wilfred S. Martin, manager of manu facturing and product development for food products division at Procter & Cam- DSW 200955 i j1 Pfl STLCOPCB4059019 Whan product pressures mount you need the Washine Machine. It'll relieve you of all kinds of strains. Designed especially to meet the needs of processors in getting products onstream, the Washine Machine has been doing just that for leading companies for years. Here is a combination that produces success in many forms. It's got the people, the competence, the interest, the capabilities. Plug it into your company, it takes the pressure off. WPEOPLA/KHQSW-HOHW/EQI<NJiPUEHT WASHINE DIVISION. MALUNCKflODT CHEMICAL WORKS LODI. N.J. 07644 / (201) 471-4500 NOW AVAILABLE! AGS AIDS TO CONTINUING EDUCATION "Topics in Inorganic Chemistry" an ACS Lectures on Tape series: available for purchase "Interpretation of Infrared Spectra" an ACS Film Course: available for purchase or rental for: Industrial laboratories Government laboratories Research institutes ACS local sections Two-year colleges Four-year colleges Universities For information, write to: EDUCATION OFFICE American Chemical Society 1155 16th Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20036 ble, Cincinnati, receives Professional Achievement Citation in Engineering at Iowa State University . . . Eugene V. Matern named superintendent of Chi cago plant, Anichem division of Wilson Pharmaceutical & Chemical Corp. Suc ceeds George J. Heider, retiring after 43 years with the company . . . C. S. Max well promoted to R&D specialist at Union Carbide, South Charleston, W.Va. . . . R. Stewart McCambridge named v.p. for sales in industrial chemicals division of Allied Chemical. He replaces James P. Farrell, retiring after 34 years of ser vice . . . John McGrory joins Althouse division, chemicals group, Crompton & Knowles Corp., Reading, Pa., as produc tion superintendent . . . W. F. Mcllhenny promoted to associate scientist at Dow Chemical's Texas division. Dr. Howard C. Spencer promoted to research scien tist at Midland . . . Dr. Lee P. McMaster joins R&D staff of Union Carbide's chem icals and plastics division, Bound Brook, N.J. Dr. A. Noshay, Dr. T. Sulzberg, and Dr. L. E. Brydia promoted to project scientists . . . Earl F. McNeilly, manager of industrial asphalt sales and technical service for American Oil, retires after 38 years of service. C. Merritt Hewett suc ceeds him . . . Richard N. Meier named manager of advanced products depart ment of Air Products & Chemicals, Inc., Allentown, Pa. . . . Gilbert S. Messing named general sales manager for Sel-Rex Corp., Nutley, N.J. . . . Dr. Nicholas Michaels named LM butyl product co ordinator at Enjay Chemical . . . Richard J. Michel appointed technical sales rep resentative for Pittsburgh activated car bon division of Calgon Corp. ... Dr. Gunther E. Molau promoted to associate scientist at Dow Chemical, Midland . . . Dr. Braja D. Mookherjee and Dr. James D. Grossman promoted to group leaders in fragrance research department at In ternational Flavors & Fragrances, Inc., Union Beach, N.J. . . . New at American Cyanamid, Bound Brook: Zeb Morgan, Christine Wilson, John Asbeck, Brian Courtney . . . George J. Perk, Jr., named senior engineering economist for Allied Chemical's fibers division technical cen ter, Petersburg, Va. Barry A. Rosenthal named product technologist and Andrew D. Park, engineer . . . Joseph Pesacreta, Jr., named project leader at International Flavors & Fragrances, Inc .... Dr. Edward J. Powers joins staff of Celanese Research Co., Summit, N.J., to work in fibers, plastics, and coatings research . . . Richard A. Reck named director of mar keting for Armour Industrial Chemical Co., Chicago . . . Mike Rubinberg named chief engineer for Lindy Products, New York City ... A. G. Ruff, Jr., named manager of Avisco film plant, Fredericks burg, Va. H. J. Wolf named plant man ager at Marcus Hook, Pa. Both are un der FMC Corp.'s American Viscose divi sion. M. P. Gooden and A. W. Hogeland promoted to newly created positions of assistant director of central engineer ing .. . Joseph G. Santangelo named manager technology-planning-develop ment at Kennecott Copper, New York City ... Dr. Bernard M. Scheinthal and Paraffins from Phillips are reliable Available for experimentation, research and development in the following grades: Research Methane II Ethane Propane Isobutane Normal Butane M m m m 2,2-Dimethylpropane ii Isopentane Normal Pentane 2,2-0imethylbutane's 2,3-Dimethylbutane* m m ii 2-Methylpentane* 8 3-Methylpentane ii Normal Hexane* 2,4-Dimethylpentane Normal Heptane* 3-Methylhexane m m m 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane** m 2,3,4-Trimethylpentane Trimethylpentanes m Dimethylhexanes Normal Octane m 2,2,5-Trimethylhexane Normal Nonane Normal Decane m m m Normal Undecane m Normal Dodecane m Normal Tridecane Normal Tetradecane m Normal Pentadecane Cyclopentane* Methylcyclopentane* Cyclohexane* m m 8 Methylcyclohexane* m cis-l,2-Dimethylcyclohexane m trans-l,2-Dimethylcyclohexane m mixed-l,2-Dimethylcyclohexane Ethylcyclohexane Isopropylcyclohexane m m Pure 99% m m m m m m m 8 m m m m 8 m m m m m m 99.5 m m m m m Tech 95% m 8 m m m m m m m m 8 m m m m m m m m m 98 m m d commercial quantities M ^developmental quantities 'other grades available in commercial quantities Instrument and Spectro grades also available, contact: Special Products Division Chemical Department PHILLIPS PETROLEUM COMPANY Bartlesville, Oklahoma 74003 Phone: 918 336 6600 \ PHILLIPS/ Continued on page 94 DSW 200956 At Phillips 68 it's performance that counts JUNE 9, 1969 C&EN 87 STLCOPCB4059020 DIRECTORY SECTION Tliis section includes: CHEM ICALS EXCHANGE--Chemicals, Hesins, Gums, Oils, Waxes, Pig ments, etc.: EQUIPMENT MART --New and Used Equipment, In st ruments; Facilities for Plant and Laboratory; TECHNICAL SERV ICES--Consultants; Engineering, Testing, Professional Services. TECHNICAL SERVICES 1)03) <711835 P.0. BOX 17081 OULLES IKIERHANONAI AIRPORT WASHINGTON O.C. 70041 Jeotco C 60HL High Resc on Spectrometer 14 Hour Service On Rout e 60 MHi Proton Spectra Spin Decoupling Varic NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SEYMOUR CALVERT AIR POLLUTION CONSULTATION Engineering Analysis and Design System Evaluation and Development Research and Development Management Consultation 1545 Country Club Drive Riverside, California 92506 (714) 682-5389 RADIOLOGICAL SERVICES Chemical Waste Disposal Radioactive Waste Disposal Radiation Decontamination g*. ISOTOPES, RADIOLOGICAL SERVICE CO. " (A Teledyne Company) 50 Van Buren Ave., Westwood, NJ. 07875 Phone: (201) 664-8699 Founded 1950 ORGANIC MICROANALYSES GALBRAITH LABORATORIES, INC. P.O. Box 4187 Knoxville, Tenn. 37921 H. W. GALBRAITH, Ph.D. CLARK MICROANALYTICAL LABORATORY Elemental analyses and functional groups, for the determination of purity or identity, by specialists in organic microchemical analysis. Difficult combina tions are as welcome as routine samples. Howard S. Clark, Director Box 69, Urbana, III. 61801. Phone: 217-367-8406 ANALYTICAL SERVICES 1 MASS SPECTROMETRY 3 Organics -- Gas Analysis -- N'*, O'1, H1, He1 Isotopes 3 COMBINED GC-MS ^ THERMAL ANALYSIS-DTA-TGA-DSC 3 WEST COAST | TECHNICAL SERVICE 3 1049 S. San Gabriel Blvd. San Gabriel. California 91776 a V,,rjirArJltJKtJlTJitl tJLt(A2f1A3t)JK2t8A7T-0A9lA26rAtArjiT*rJiLATArATJlTATALA3i SCHWARZKOPF MICROANALYTICAL LABORATORY 56-19 37th Ave., Woodside, N.Y. 11377 Telephone: Code 212, HAvemeyer 9-6248, 9-6223 ELEMENTAL ANALYSES ORGANICS, INORGANICS. ORGANO METALLICS METALS BY ATOMIC ABSORPTION MOLECULAR WEIGHT, FUNCTIONAL GROUPS Trace Analyses Research _______ Routine Analyses icithin 5 days______ EQUIPMENT MART priced at far less than reproduction cost! 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In U and SPECIAL THERMOMETER 100-500*C in 1 Ce. fits MEL-TEMP, borosilicate glass. Helium filled. 76 mm imm. 67.50 each Write for Bulletin BON LABORATORY DEVICES P.O. BOX 68, CAMBRIDGE 39, MASS. NEW BETHLEHEM GLASS TUBING SCORER! A radical de parture from the conventionally designed glass knife. For scoring borosilicate glass tubing. The handle is of solid clear plastic. A tungsten carbide cutting blade, triangular in design with three cutting edges is inserted and clamped into the handle. The blade is reversible and actually provides six usable cutting edges in all. Blades arc re placeable. Cutting edges I Vi" --overall length 6"--shipping weight 1 lb. KN3 Knife 524.00 BETHLEHEM APPARATUS COMPANY, INC. Hellerlown, Po. 18055 Phone 215 038-7034 MASS SPECTROMETRIC ANALYSIS Thin fllms-solid state materials. Bulk and trace analysis of ail solid materials. Concentration gradients of diffused Impurities. Resolution 5000. sensitivity to parts per billion. GCA Technology Division, division of GCA Cor poration, Bedford, Mass., Tel. (617) 275-9000. Attn. Director of Marketing TECHNICAL INFORMATION SERVICE Customized literature searching, indexing and ab stracting of chemical, pharmaceutical, life-science literature. You benefit from our proximity to world's greatest concentration of national scien tific libraries, analysis centers and documental clear inghouses. Economical, reliable service by experi enced literature scientists. Write or Call: Melvin Weinstock HERNER & COMPANY 2431 K St., N.W., Washington, D.C. 20037 ______ _____ (202) 965-3100 MORGAN-SCHAFFER CORP. NMR H' and F'9 spectra Variable temperature . Spin decoupling Unconventional analytical problems i. 5110 Courlroi Ave., Montreal, Que. Tel. (514) 731-4652 ^ 88 C&EN JUNE 9, 1969 CHEMICALS EXCHANGE CUSTOM FRACTIONATION WANTED: Require fractional distillation of 3000 gallon hydrocarbon mixture with 10 degree boiling range. Box 29-F-6 C. &C.N., Easton, Pa. 18042 Potassium-ferf-butylalcoholate Alcohol-free dry powder Now available in pilot plant quantities. MSA Research Corporation Commercial Div. Evans City, Pa. 16033 N-Acetyl-Thiourea Adenosine-5'-triphosphate, Disodium Salt 5-Bromosalicylaldehyde o-Bromotoluene 2,6-Dichlorophenol 2,6-Dichloroquinone-4-chloroimide Diethyl Adipate DMG Diglycolic Acid Dimethyl Dihydroresorcinol p-Dinitrobenzene N,N'-Diphenylbenzidine 2-Furylmethyl Ketone Hippuric Acid Menadione Methyl Cyclohexanol Naphthalhydroxamic Acid, Na Oxamic Acid Phenyl-thiourea Purine Sodium Thioglycolate Taurine Triphenyl Stibine Uracil Urea Nitrate Xylitol Tel.: 201 696-1700 Write for list N-68 of other chemicals TWX: 710 988-5831 Zip Code 07440 EASTERN CHEMICAL CORPORATION PEQUANNOCK, N. J DSW 200957 STLCOPCB4059021 EMPLOYMENT INFORMATION MEMBERS of the Society who are UNEMPLOYED aad/or RETIRED, and who so state when they request a situation wanted classified advertisement, shall be allowed three noodisplay insertions in a calendar year without charge, not to ex ceed SO words each (45 words plus 5-word box address or advertiser's name and address) and not more chan one per issue. Excess words charged at 25 cents a word, no minimum charge. The foregoing as it relates to UNEMPLOYED MEMBERS applies to situations wanted advertisements only, not to part-time, free-lance, or consulting work. RETIRED MEMBERS may advertise for full- or part-time positions or consulting work. Additional insertions after the 3 free ones may be made at 25 cents per word. 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Every reason able effort will be made to prevent forwarding of advertising circulars. Employers desiring applications on company forms should send duplicate copies. The ACS expects that each user of this section consider himself A morally obligated to acknowledge ail replies to his advertisement. ^ RATES: Display advertisements $98 per column inch (space unlimited). Lower rates on contract basis. Minimum display space, one inch, with inch units thereafter. Agency commission and cash discount allowed on display ads oaly. Standard setting $1.05 cents a word, minimum charge $16.50 each. Include 5 words for box ad dress. Advertisements from outside the U.S. should be accompanied by information stating the New York bank which will issue a bank draft in U.S. funds. The advertisement will be run in the nearest publication date following receipt of the bank draft. SEND advertisements with remittance to CHEM ICAL AND ENGINEERING NEWS, 60Q Summer Street, Stamford, Connecticut, 06904, to reach there not later than the deadline of 9.00 A.M. on Friday, 17 days preceding the date of publication. For more information on many of these companies, see their advertising in C&ENY : Vi.V jL Issue-March 10, 19695 \ ------ IMPORTANT NOTICE------- Various state laws against discrimination and die Federal Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibit discrimination in employment because of sex unless based on a bonafide occupational qualification. Help wanted and situations wanted advertisements on these pages are for reader's convenience and are not intended as an unlawful limitation or discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, national origin, or age. POSITIONS OPEN Placement Bureaus CHEMISTS & ChEs Formulate your future ... ...in increased responsibility with major nationwide companies. Our clients have requested us to find ambitious professionals at all levels through PhD to participate in a broad spectrum of chemical activ ities. Salaries range $10,000 to $40,000; fees paid by client com panies. To confidentially investi gate these attractive opportunities, please submit your resume includ ing salary and geographical prefer ence to R. D. Guerin, Mgr., Chemi cal Division, or write for resume form "B". Our acknowledgement same day. EVERETT feSSl KELLEY ASSOC. INC. ' Consultant to the Chemical Industry 20th Floor--121 S. Broad St. Phila. 19107 (215) 546-5240 CHEMICAL ENGINEERS & CHEMISTS: $9-$20,000. Nationwide positions available through 85 affiliate offices. Plant, process, de sign instrumentation, R&D and marketing in plastics and polymers; rubber, heat transfer; adhesives; plastic fabrication, chemical plant; fiberglass, metals, polyethylene, petrochemical, textiles, kinetics, resins, molding, coatings, thermo plastics and piping. Fees company paid. Send resume with present and desired salary with location flexibility to: Leonard Personnel. 310 Empire Building. Pitts burgh. Pa. 15222. Specialists in j CHEMICAL INDUSTRY PROFESSIONALS Call or Write: Mr. Hawkins Tanning lGOCtaaftp Newt rk...N...Y... .I.00 PERSONNEL AGENCY, INC.. 0130* *38 0 CUSTOM SERVICE You can buy a house without a real estate agent, or plan a trip without a travel agent. Most people, however, prefer the convenience and service of an experienced specialist who works for the individual while being com pensated by the industry he also serves. By sending your resume and instruc tions, you enlist the aid of an ex perienced specialist to be active in your behalf. All fees are paid by employers. E. G. TAYLOR ANDERSON TAYLOR 230 South 15th Street IaI Philadelphia, Pa. 19102 CALIFORNIA'S ONLY CHEMICAL PLACE ment specialists. Certified Personnel Service Agency, Suite 412-A, 19 Pine Avenue, Long Beach, California 90802. SELECTIVE PLACEMENT for Chemists & Chemical Engineers ONLY 8p Over 20 years of ethical, professional and confidential service. All fees Paid. Ss m Send resume to SELECTIVE PLACEMENT m Goodman, M.Sc., A.P.A., Suite 1716, \744 Broad Street, Newark, N.J. 07102 Chemical & Chemical Engineering FREE OPPORTUNITIES BULLETIN Cadillac Associates--the nation's largest ex ecutive and professional placement service-- represents the majority of the nation's companies in the process industries. Their best positions, for coast to coast, are outlined in our free monthly opportunities bulletin. Now you can measure your advancement by the jobs & salary range in the industry. For our free copy of this bulletin, without obligation, send your name and HOME ADDRESS in confidence to: T. S. LEDBETTER Manager--Process Industries Div. CADILLAC ASSOCIATES, INC. 32 West Randolph Street, Chicago, Illinois 60601 (312) Financial 6-9400 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY EMPLOYMENT CLEARING HOUSE EMPLOYERS. To find well-qualified chemists and chemical engineers, including those retired or retiring within a year of application, please telephone area code 202 RE7-3337 or write to the National Office and specify qualifications desired. Number of applica tions on file with those qualifications will be quoted to you. Copies of resumes, if desired, will be made at 25<J per copy and forwarded to you. No other fee involved. In turn, the Society insists that no user make a placement charge against registrants. Further de tails on this change, including a list of data input items on each applicant, can be had upon request. APPLICANTS. Must be members or student affiliates of the ACS. This service is year-round and nonconfidential. (The Retired Chemists Clearing House is now an integral part of this service, and, therefore, members who are retired or retiring within one year of application may request forms now.) Applications will be available to all employers in search of all types of technical personnel. There is no charge for this employment aid of the Society. For application forms and further details, please write to: AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 1155 Sixteenth St., N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036 Attn.: Employment Clearing House DSW 200958 JUNE 9, 1969 C&EN 89 POSITIONS OPEN Placement Bureaus COME ON DOWN! FLORIDA AND THE Southeast's booming industries have created a need for professional level applicants with ex perience in chemical or related industries. We're big enough to serve you . . . and small enough to take keen, personal interest. No resume necessary. For professional application form, write: Technical Division. Alert Personnel, Inc.. 412 Madison St., Suite 102, Tampa, Florida. We have been placing B.S., M.S. and Ph.D^ CHEMISTS & Ch.E.'s ! in fee paid positions throughout the U.S. | since 1959. Send resume today or request confidential application. We are graduate | engineers, working full time ... for you. ATOMIC PERSONNEL. INC. Suite F, 1518 Walnut St., Phila., Pa. 19102 I AN EMPLOYMENT AGENCY FOR ALL TECHNICAL FIELDSj Industrial Positions PRINCIPAL f CHROMATOGRAPHER An immediate opening exists for an individual to provide technical leadership in the planning and development of analytical instrumentation and to support TRACOR's marketing opera tions in the sale of analytical instrumentation. He will be responsible for helping to formulate the goals of the Analytical Instrument Department and for planning and directing applications work. Applicants should have Ph.D. degree and at least five years experience in the field of gas chromatography with emphasis on technique and applications. Specific experience in the analysis of biological materials is highly desirable. TRACOR, Inc., is headquartered in Austin, Texas, with offices and subsidiaries in 24 states and Puerto Rico, and employs over 5,000. The Analytical Instruments Department, formed from Micro Tek Instruments and the R. L. Stone Company, is located in Austin as part of the TRACOR Instrument Division. Send your resume to Mr. Murray Shaw, Dept. CEN 69, TRACOR, Inc., 6500 Tracor Lane, Austin, Texas 78721. An Equal Opportunity Employer CHEMICAL SUPERVISOR FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANT AT OYSTER CREEK, BARNE0HE, NEW JERSEY College grad or minimum of 2 years of college or equivalent. Must have 3 years experience in Electric Power Plant Chemistry, one year of which must be in Radio Chemistry. Salary commensurate with experience. Submit resume with salary requirements to: Mr. Louis Recchia. Director of Education JERSEY CENTRAL/NEW JERSEY POWER AND LIGHT COMPANY MADISON AVE. it PUNCH BOWL ROAD, MORRISTOWN, N.J. 07960 An Equa/ Opportunity Employer Cereal Chemist or Food Technologist Ph.D. with at least 3 years experience formulating prepared mixes, baked products and other chemically leavened foods. Some supervisory experience desirable. Position involves guiding research aimed at developing improved leavenings in solving customer problems. Food Technologist or Food Scientist Stauffer CHEMICALS Ph.D. with experience in development of ingredients or food additives for use in processing of meats, fruits and vegeta bles and dairy products. Creativity and original ideas are required. Position involves guiding research aimed at de veloping improved ingredients for the manufacture of food. Send your resume including educational background, experience and salary requirements in complete confidence to: Mr. B. Smith STAUFFER CHEMICAL COMPANY EASTERN RESEARCH CENTER Dobbs Ferry, New York 10522 AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER, M/F 90 C&EN JUNE 9, 1969 POLYMER CHEMISTRY Exceptional opportunities in research and research management. $ 15,000 25,000/year. East and Midwest. Contact in absolute confidence: John E. Panos COOK ASSOCIATES, INC. CPI Consultants 230 N. Michigan Ave. Chicago, 111. 60601 Phone: 312/263-1119 (^ PROCESS DEVELOPMENT ENGINEER We are seeking a Chemical Engi neer to conduct process develop ment projects in our pilot plant and bench scale laboratory. This position offers the responsibility for developing and scaling-up processes for new and improved products for our Chemical Divi sion. There is a broad range of duties including experimental design and analysis, process simu lation, equipment design and selec tion, process cost analysis and plant start-up. Applicant must have a BS or MS in Chemical Engineering and 2-10 years' experience in process work in the chemical industry'. Some knowledge of modern chemical engineering methods such as mathematical modeling, statistical design and computer methods is highly desirable. Experience in polymer processing and knowledge of polymer chemistry would be helpful but not essential to this job. Interested Applicants, Please Submit Resume To Personnel Manager TA*oAo4 CHEMICAL CORPORATION Chemical Division 780 N. Clinton Ave. Trenton, N. J. 06638 JV An Equal Opportunity Employer DSW 200959 STLCOPCB4059023 ENGINEERS - SCIENTISTS , rhecte(^ *aveC^ *ate vOU & \aieW' CHECK fhe total investment you have made in your education, experience, knowledge, and accomplishments and you find that you capitalize out to a sur prisingly large sum. GROWTH in your career represents a return on this total investment. Have you considered the return on your invest ment lately? PROGRESS toward your career goals can best be made in a growth environ ment. MELPAR, INC., started with 35 employees in 1945 and has grown to over 3,000 highly qualified technical, support, and managerial personnel. THINK also about the enjoyment you get from steady growth through challenging assign ments, worthwhile achievements in your career field, and stimulating associations with out standing professional men dedicated to advancing the frontiers of technical knowledge and applications. READY FOR NEW GROWTH? Check the positions below for the one that fits your investment and growth goals. Then write in complete confidence to: Professional Growth Manager MELPAR, inc. In Amcrit'im-Sluiulanl ('unipuny 7702 Arlington Blvd. Falls Church, Virginia 22046 IMMEDIATE OPENINGS FOR: Physicists, Electrical Engineers, Programmers, Mathematicians, Mechanical Engineers, Designers, IN THE AREAS OF: Simulation and Training, Applied Electronic Warfar, Avionics, Transportation Systems, Astro Systems, Electronic Research, Sys tems Analysis. ALSO POSITIONS FOR: Chemists, Biochemists, Virologists, Biologists, Veterinarians, in our Bio-Sciences Research Center. an equal opportunity employer m'f ~~ DSW 200960 JUNE 9, 1969 C&EN 91 STLCOPCB4059024 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL THIS INCLUDES: ENGINEER A Examination of all new processes and/or installations for proper con trol of waste streams. In general responsibilities of this position will be to supervise all air and water pollution activities A Direct characterization treatability or pilot plant studies of any water waste stream as necessary A Design of treatment facilities A Advise management on all latest developments in treatment field. of Bristol Laboratories. A Supervision of any future waste treatment facilities. Applicants should have either a Master's or Ph.D. in Sanitary Engineer ing with an undergraduate background in some field of Engineering. If you are interested in the position described, we urge you to forward a complete, confidential resume including salary expectations to: Professional Employment Bristol Laboratories Division of Bristol-Myers Company P.O. Box 657 Syracuse, New York 13201 An Equal Opportunity Employer A Plans for Progress Company FOOD CHEMISTS OR TECHNOLOGISTS Research and Development Labora tories of a Kansas City, Missouri firm are offering excellent op portunities to Food Chemists or Technologists interested in the de velopment and utilization of food additives. Candidates should have four to six years experience with B.S. or M.S. in a food science. Please send rtsumt to PROJECT ENGINEER, BLOW MOLDING: Gulf Oil's entry into the linear poly ethylene field has created an excellent opportunity for a chemical or mechanical engineer with 2-5 years experience in the blow molding of linear polyethylene. In volved will be technical service, polymer evaluation, and process development proj ects at our Orange, Texas Plastics Labora tory. Send resuxn6, including salary history, in strict confidence to: W. E. Bondurant Personnel Supervisor Gulf Oil Co.-U.S. Orange Works Orange, Texas 77630 (an Equal Opportunity Employer) TECHNICAL SALES: EXPANDING NA tional chemicals manufacturer seeks B.S. chem ists or chemical engineers for field sales posi tions in several territories including Philadelphia, Cleveland, Metropolitan New York, Boston, Houston and Los Angeles. Background in plas tics, epoxies, adhesives, resins in development, tech service or sales. Start to $13,000. Contact N. V. Pomplas, Anderson-Taylor, 230 S. loth Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 19102, POLYMER CHEMISTS Manufacturer of coated film and reprographic materials has chal lenging positions open for B.S. chemists knowledgeable in poly mers and organic reactions. Ex perience in coating of paper and films desirable. Our new research center is lo cated in suburban community in picturesque Pioneer Valley. We offer an outstanding benefit pro gram and salary commensurate with experience and qualifica tions. Send complete resume, including education, posi tions held, and salary require ments to W. M. Bush, Jr,, Personnel Services Mgr, SCOTT PLASTIC COATING CORP. (Subsidiary of Scott Paper Co.) South Hadley, Mass. 01075 Tel. (413) 536-7800 Box 15--H-6 C.&E.N., Easton, Pa. 18042 All replies will be held in strictest confidence. AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER. Western Precipitation Opportunities We are looking for hard working and ambitious individuals who want a future with a dynamic organization. We're growing--ask our competitors. Perhaps YOUR future is with us. If you feel you might qualify for one or more of the opportunities listed below, we'd like to hear from you. ASSISTANT DIVISION MANAGER The Chemical or Mechanical Engineer who wants to get into direct involve* ment with processing of almost every product of chemical and related in* dustries can do so now. We are looking for a person with proven engineering sales management background; a person who under* stands the chemical processing field. He will assist the Division Manager in the development, design, and sales of fluid mixers. If you are interested, drop us a line telling us about yourself. PHILADELPHIA MIXERS King of Prussia, Pa. 19406 An Equal Opportunity Employer SALES: Opportunities are available in Pittsburgh & New York. Engineering degree is required. Preferred, but not required is experience in the field of dust & fume collection. A general knowledge of the basic industrial processes (steel, power generation, cement manufacturing, pulp & paper manufacturing, or mining and metallurgical operations) is desirable. FIELD SERVICE: Many opportunities exist for construction & Field personnel. Various loca tions. ENGINEERING: Our growth has created many fine positions for DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT, PROJECT, and APPLICATION engineers in Los Angeles. Send your confidential resume to: Robert Milligan -- Dept. P-0 WESTERN PRECIPITATION DIVISION JOY MANUFACTURING COMPANY OLIVER BUILDING, PITTSBURGH, PA. 15222 An Equal Opportunity Employer 92 C&EN JUNE 9, 1969 DSW 200961 STLCOPCB4059025 ( A. Remove instrument from stand. B. Dial (collect) 201-229-1100. \ WANT TO WORK IN A POND 9 If you do, we have the pond--actu ally it's an impounding basin and biological oxidation center for the highly effective new water re-use system at Sun Oil's Toledo refinery where a $50 million modernization program has just been completed. The "pond," though, is just one example of Sun's activity that points to the future. Others--pioneering efforts in all types of pollution con trol, the recent 2 billion dollar Sun Oil/Sunray DX merger, a new $125 million processing plant in Puerto Rico, a fertilizer plant on the Carib bean island of Martinique, winning efforts in major road racing cham pionships--to mention just a few. Sun Oil is geared for growth, and we need POLLUTION CONTROL and WATER TREATMENT ENGINEERS Unusual and challenging oppor tunities for pollution abatement spe cialists in engineering studies for control of air and water pollution sources in existing and new facilities. Preference given for 5 to 10 years experience in industrial pollution control or related work, and B.S. or M.S. degree in Engineering. Opportunities for advancement. Generous salaries and benefits in cluding model employee stock pur chase plan. Write in confidence to Mr. Earl J. Pearce, Manager of Professional Recruiting, Sun Oil Company, P.O. Box 426-A, Marcus Hook, Pa. 19061. A?i equal opportunity employer m/f See our complete story in Career Opportunities C. Talk to EAI, world leaders in Analog/Hybrid computers, Analytical Instrumentation, and Scientific Data Acquisition Systems From 11 employees in 1945, we've grown to over 2,600 now. Of these about one in five has a degree in engineering or science, and many have advanced degrees. That reflects the fact that we're a nimble, fast-moving, idea company. To keep a lead as big as ours in this industry, we have to be. That brings us our message-- that we have some beautiful openings for SALES ENGINEERS Analytical Instrumentation-Data Acquisition Systems This is an area in which demand is surging ahead. EAI is postured to take fullest ad vantage. You can surge ahead, too, if you have some background in analytical automation, gas chromatography, mass spectrometry (our quadrapole line sets the standard all over the free world), and laboratory data acquisition in general--plus sales or contact experience. In complete confidence, write or call collect: 201 -229 1100, Mr. Jack House, Corporate Employment Manager--CEN ___ eai: ELECTRONIC ASSOCIATES, INC. West Long Branch, New Jersey 07764 An Equal Opportunity Employer ORGANIC CHEMIST (B.A.) WITH In terest in biochemistry to assist in synthetic and tracer studies related to carcinogens. Contact: Vernon Eaton. Personnel. Southern Illinois Uni versity, Carbondale, Illinois 62901. An equal opportunity employer. SENIOR CHEMIST-ENGINEER. METAL treatment: Important position in product de velopment and technical service for one of the leading specialty chemical manufacturers in the nation. Supervise a group in the industrial products section in a new research facility. Re quired : Experience in conversion coatings on iron and aluminum surfaces, plus strong super visory and technical abilities. Send complete resume to: Research Laboratory. DuBois Chemicals, Division of W. R. Grace & Company, 3630 East Kemper Road, Cincinnati, Ohio 45241. IND. PAINTS/COATINGS CHEMISTS: B.S. or M.S., one to ten years experience. $9600 to $15,000. Fee paid. Research and de velopment positions. Relocation and interview expenses paid by the employer. Send resume with salary requirements to: Bennett & Masters Personnel Agency, 24 Com merce Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, 101 Park Avenue. New York City 10017. DSW 200962 PRODUCT & MARKET DEVELOPMENT: Chemist or chemical engineer position with publically owned specialty oriented petroleum re finer in Southwest. Formulation and packaging experience in chemical and hydrocarbon special ties necessary. Some travel, excellent oppor tunity, salary open, new position. Box 10-F-6. C. & E. X.. Easton, Pa. 18042. CHEMIST WITH SEVERAL YEARS LABorator.v experience or completed graduate work, by old well-known manufacturer of household specialties, to take complete charge of a group of products. Unusual opportunity to demon strate ability, to assume responsibility and to be associated with men who have been with the company for ten to thirty-five years. Ex cellent living conditions, suburban Connecticut one hour from New York. Favorable conditions for advancement. Box 39-H-6, C. & E. X., Easton. Pa. 18042. COATINGS CHEMIST: MID-ATLANTIC paper manufacturing client seeks chemist or en gineer for electrostatic paper coating formulation development work. Some experience in solvent coating technology or electrophotographic proc esses required. Non-metropolitan location. To $13,000. Contact: E. G. Taylor, Anderson-Taylor, 230 South 15th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 19102. JUNE 9, 1969 C&EN 93 STLCOPCB4059026 QUALITY CONTROL CHEMIST Household Chemical Specialties BOYLE-MIDWAY, Division of Ameri can Home Products located in Union County New Jersey has an excellent op portunity for a graduate chemist to as sume the responsibilities of our QC opera tions on the afternoon shift. Experience in instrumental and wet analysis proce dures is desirable but not essential. Submit complete resume including salary history to: BOYLE-MIDWAY Box 280 Cranford, New Jersey APPLICATIONS RESEARCH: MTD-ATlnntic research center ol major manufacturing client seeks B.S. or M.S. chemist to develop new applications and formulate new compounds to meet customer needs, including additives, elastomers, chemical intermediates, and coatings. Some technical service. Start to $13,500. Con tact: N. V. Pomplas, Anderson-Taylor, 230 South 15th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 19102. LAB MANAGER/DIRECTOR: ELECTRO chemistry, electroplating, inorganic. Person with five years experience to manage laboratory for aggressive company in metal finishing chemicals and specialties. New England area. Box 41-H-6, C. & E. N., Easton, Pa. 18042. CHEMICAL COMPANY IN EUROPE HAS need for a consultant knowing the manufacture of protein fatty acid condensate such as Maypon and Lamepon. Write to: Box 30-H-6, C. & E. N., Easton. Pa. 18042. Polymer Chemist (Ph.D.) R & D on Polymers for the Electrical Industry This position calls for 2 to 5 or more years in research and development of polymers for electrical industry applications. A knowledge of structure-property relationships as applied to polymers for encapsulating resins, wire enamels, laminating resins, etc is highly desirable. Chemist (BS-MS) Applications Product Development Good working knowledge of applications and evaluations techniques for wire enamels, laminating resins, encapsulating resins, etc Minimum of 2 years experience. Research facilities are superlatively modern, complete and attractive. Salaries are competitive. Corporate Headquarters in suburban Westchester are only a half hour from midtown New York. Please send a full resume, in confidence, to E. J. Donaldson Geigy Chemical Corporation Saw Mill River Road, Ardsley, New York 10502 An Equal Opportunity Employer Geigy _______ Step into the wonderful world of AVON LET YOUR CAREER feel the full impact of a truly professional environment. LET YOUR TALENT unleash itself within an atmosphere where you can receive complete achievement--come to Avon's Research & Development Lab at Suffern, N.Y. Many positions in many areas include the following: ANALYTICAL & METHODS DEPT. ANALYTICAL CHEMIST--INSTRUMENTATION $!!!! f Develop instrumental or non-instrumental methods to evaluate raw ingredients and finished products. 0-5 years experience with strong knowledge of instrument tation and a B.S., M.S. or Ph.D. in Analytical or Physical Chemistry. ANALYTICAL CHEMIST--POLYMERS Develop methods to analyze polymers, packaging materials, coatings and adhesives. Investigate feasibility and use of instrumental or non-instrumentalmethods to ade quately evaluate raw ingredients and finished products. 0-5 years experience as an analytical chemist in the polymer field with a B.S., M.S. or Ph.D. The above positions are a result of expansion at our R&D lab, a facility which offers the most modern equipment available. All the pleasures of a suburban setting are yours, coupled with the advantages of close-by city life. Come to Avon--enjoy the very real opportunity for career development and all the rewards that go with it, in addition to a benefits package that is second to none. SALARIES ARE OPEN (Dependent upon individual qualifications) Interested applicants are invited to submit their resumes, in confidence to Tech. Employ.--Dept. CE 6-9 $ > $;:!;$ . * AVON PRODUCTS, INC. 30 Rockefeller Plaza New York, N. Y. An Equal Opportunity Employer " -.v<J 94 C&EN JUNE 9, 1969 People Continued from page 87 Dr. Franz J. Leinweber join staff of Warner-Lambert Research Institute, Mor ris Plains, N.J. ... Dr. Charles Sodano and George Frankie join cosmetic in gredients research department, Stepan Chemical, Maywood, N.J. . . . Allen W. Spear named manager and Richard P. Kramer superintendent of Lucidol divi sion plants, Pennwalt Corp., Tonawanda, N.Y., and Ft. Erie, Ont. . . . Dr. W. L. Spliethoff named director of operations for industrial chemicals at General Mills, Minneapolis . . . John J. Sullivan joins Rohm and Haas research division, Phila delphia . . . James B. Swift named in dustrial sales representative for Philadel phia Quartz Co. DEATHS Clifford C. Furnas Dr. Clifford C. Furnas, 68, president emeritus of State University of New York at Buffalo, presi dent of Western New York Nuclear Research Center, and former Assist ant Secretary of Defense, died sud denly April 27 in Amsterdam, Hol land. Dr. Furnas studied at Purdue and received a Ph.D. at University of Michigan in 1926. He taught at Yale for several years and during World War II coordinated a large R&D program for National Defense Research Committee. He was appointed director of aeronau tical research lab for Curtiss-Wright in Buffalo in 1943. The laboratory later was given to Cornell and Dr. Furnas re mained as its director and executive v.p. He was author of many technical articles and several hooks, including "The Next Hundred Years" (1936) and "Manual of Industrial Chemistry" (1942). Dr. Furnas predicted at an ACS meet ing in 1941 that the sun's rays would he harnessed to provide industrial power. He joined ACS in 1927. Everett P. Partridge Dr. Everett P. Partridge, 66, former di rector and v.p. of Calgon Corp., later consultant, died April 26 in Beaver, Pa. He joined ACS in 1928 and was associate editor of Industrial and En gineering Chemis try, 1928-31. He was recognized as one of the world's leading authorities Dr. Partridge stud ied at Syracuse University and IJnw=-- DSW 200963 STLCOPCB4059027 sity of Michigan and took a Ph.D. from the latter in 1928. He was director of research at Hall Laboratories, a Calgon division, 1935-50. Dr. Allan Berne-Alien, 67, head of de partment of chemical engineering at Clemson Agricultural College, 1948-55, and later on the board of directors of Fats and Protein Research Foundation, April 15, Sarasota, Fla. Dr. Victor S. Chambers, senior research chemist, Naugatuck chemical division of Uniroyal, Naugatuck, Conn., April 17. Joined ACS in 1939. Margaret Coventry, chemistry professor at Kansas State College, Pittsburg, Kan., 1913-47, April 25. Joined ACS in 1931. Morris Dickason, chemist at Ditto, Inc., Lincolnwood, 111., March 16. Joined ACS in 1930. Dr. Frank H. Driggs, 73, formerly di rector and chairman of the board of Fansteel, Inc., North Chicago, April 22 in San Diego, Calif. A pioneer in the de velopment of uranium metal. Dr. Roy T. Edwards, research associate at Mobil Research & Development Corp., Paulsboro, N.J., May 3. Joined ACS in 1935. Dr. George W. Fiero, 63, senior tech nical adviser for Humble Oil & Refining marketing department, April 28 in Hous ton. Dale S. Glass, sales engineer, National Carbon Co., March 22, Libertyville, 111. Glen M. Iddings, 47, radiochemist, Uni versity of California Lawrence Radiation Laboratory, Livermore, Calif., March 15. Joined ACS in 1948. David A. Legg, retired, formerly with Publicker Industries, March 23, San Jose, Calif. Joined ACS in 1921; emeritus member. Dr. Harry Lindwall, 66, retired in 1967, for many years chairman of chemistry department at NYU, later technical in formation chemist at Olin Mathieson Chemical, April 18, New Haven, Conn. Joined ACS in 1925; emeritus member. Dr. Stephan Ludewig, 68, associate pro fessor of biochemistry. University of Vir ginia, Charlottesville, March 13. Joined ACS in 1937. Donald L. McCuen, 41, eastern regional sales manager of U.S. Steel's USS chemi cals division, April 23, Englewood, N.J. David C. Porter, 51, technical director at Wyandotte Chemicals, Bedford, Ohio, April 29. Emanuel W. Merck, 49, partner in Eman uel Merck, oHG, and member of board of E. Merck, A.G., Darmstadt, Germany, April 16. Dr. Paul E. Shoffeitt, 58, assistant direc tor of Alabama State Department of Toxicologv, March 24, Auburn, Ala. Joined ACS in 1952. Dr. Rolf E. Stolper, 36, visiting associ ate professor of chemistry at Ohio State University, Columbus, May 21. George W. Vinal, 86, retired U.S. Bu reau of Standards physicist and interna tional expert on batteries and other as pects of electrochemistry, April 7, Wal tham, Mass. Joined ACS in 1947. Job hunting? Looking for employees? Whatever your needs, you can find the answer to your problem in CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING NEWS' Classified Section. More companies and em ployees contact each other in C&EN than in all other chemical publications combined. CHEMIST: OPEXI.YG IN* CHEMISTRY laboratory. Assists in providing technical advice and guidance on programs ot' laboratory instruc tion. Prepares chemicals; operates and main tains scientific apparatus. B.S. chemistry. Starting salary $9078 per annum. All U.S. Civil Service benefits. Apply: Mrs. It. S. Gannon. Employment Branch, Civilian Personnel Division. U.S. Military Academy. West Point, New York 10996. An equal opportunity iisiiiisil ! H III I* BIO-ORGANIC CHEMIST RESEARCH GROUP Interested in synthesis, application of labeled compounds to biological problems, metabolism studies and pharmacodynamics. Bachelor's or Master's degree required; 0-5 years experience. WRITE TO EMPLOYMENT SUPERVISOR BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORY ASSOCIATED UNIVERSITIES, INC. UPTON, LONG ISLAND, NEW YORK 11973 An Equal Opportunity Employer CHEMISTS, ANALYTICAL ANALYTICALLY SPEAKING... ...We have excellent openings for qualified people who want to work in a professionally stimulating and financially rewarding atmosphere. ANALYTICAL CHEMIST This position calls for someone with the ability to analyze our standard products and new products and develop analytical testing procedures. You'll work in our epoxy group super vising two technicians. To qualify, you should have 2 to 5 years experi ence with wet chemical analysis and your background should also include thin layer chromatography. A B.S./M.S. in Analytical Chemistry is required. development of analytical methods, general analysis, physico-chemical measurements and the ability to perform assays. A B.S./M.S. with emphasis on analytical and physical chemistry in Masters is preferred. These positions pay excellent salaries and offer professional challenge and achievement. In addition to your salary, you'll also work in pleasant surroundings and receive an excellent package of employee benefits. Please send your resume with current and expected earnings in confidence to: Mr. W. Stevenson Box CEN-69. . ANALYTICAL CHEMIST For this position we need someone with up to 5 years experience in the CIBA Corporation 556 Morris Ave. Summit, N.J. 07991 An Equal Opportunity Employer \ DSW 200964 JUNE 9, 1969 C&EN 95 i iiii STLCOPCB4059028 VINYL TECHNOLOGIST If you have.. . -- B.S. plus 2 year minimum vinyl compounding experience -- background in PVC resins, plasticiiers, stabilizers or flame retardants -- related knowledge of plastics, rubber or textiles and you like-- -- applications research/tecknical service -- some writing, travel, customer contact -- prospects of growing with the growth division of an industry leader then you should write or phone collect... -- Dr. Charles A. Lynch, 301*355-6400 -- describing your qualifications and goals -- indicating your availability and we will... -- reply immediately -- provide more details about the job and the opportunities supply literature concerning the Division, the Corporation and the area FMC CORPORATION Organic Chemicals Division Bex 1616, Baltimore, Md. 2120} _ An Equal Opportunity Employer Academic Positions GRADUATE TEACHING ASSISTAXTships: $3486-$3840 for nine months. United states aeademic experience required. Dr. Robert Isensee, Graduate Advisor, Depart ment of Chemistry, San Diego State, San Diego, California 92115. GRADUATE ASSISTANTSHIPS FOR Ph.D. or M.S.. few yet available, $2400 for academic year beginning September. Assured one summer term at $350 with probability of second. ... Chemistry Department, University, Mississippi, 38677. POSTDOCTORAL POSITION: CHEMIS try of nucleic acids. Start July or September, 1969. $7500 to $8500. . Dr. Maria Tomasz, Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, The City University, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10021. STAFF JOB OPENING: A CHALLENG ing opportunity for teaching and research is available on a twelve months appointment in the field of manufacturing pharmacy and physi cal pharmacy at the undergraduate and graduate student level. Salary and academic rank are open depending upon applicant's qualifications. A Ph.D. level of schooling is preferred but a M.S. degree will be considered. Position open July 1, 1969 and the opportunity for directing graduate students and individual research is available. For further information contact: Dean C. E. Miller, College of Pharmacy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58102. THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII OFFERS assistantships, (beginning salary $3000 without ex perience; travel allowance; some summer appoint ments available; fee exempt; up to ten con tact hours of duties) beginning September 1969. Research leading toward M.S. and Ph.D. in ana lytical, inorganic, organic and physical chemistry, geochemistry and oceanographic chemistry. Re quest application forms and details by airmail from: Dr. Richard G. Inskeep, Department of Chem istry, 2545 The Mall, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822. LIBERAL ARTS COLLEGE: ONE Ph.D. in chemistry for September, 1969. Inorganic with either analytical or organic. Permanent position with long range teaching and research opportunities. Apply to: W. N. Pirkle, Head, Department of Chemistry, Berry College, Mount Berry, Georgia 30149. FACULTY POSITION--Ph.D. IN CHEMI cal engineering to teach undergraduate courses while initiating graduate program in near future. Teaching and industrial experience desired but not essential. Rank and salary open. Head, Department of Chemical Engineering. Youngstown State University, Youngstown, Ohio 44503. 96 C&EN JUNE 9, 1969 GRADUATE TEACHING ASSISTANTSHIPS leading to M.A. degree $2300 for nine months with remission of fees. Excellent research fa cilities in new building. Write: Chairman, Department of Chemistry, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, Indiana 47809. POSTDOCTORAL FELLOWSHIP IN X-RAY crystallographic studies on protein and medium size biological molecular structures. Previous experience in this area essential prerequisite. Tax free stipend of $6000 and allowance for travel. Available immediately. Send curriculum vitae and three letters of reference to: Dr. M. James, Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton 7, Alberta, Canada. GRADUATE RESEARCH AND POSTDOC toral fellowships in bio-organic natural products chemistry. Apply to: Professor M. Xeeman, Roswell Park, Buffalo, New York 14203. RESEARCH FELLOWSHIP IN PHYSICALinorganic chemistry leading to Ph.D. available July 1. For further information, send resume and transcripts to: Dr. James E. Brady, Department of Chemistry, St. John's University, Jamaica, New York 11432. SITUATIONS WANTED (ACS Members) SEEKING COLLEGE TEACHING POSI tion: Oriental Ph.D. experienced in teaching physical, analytical, general. Well conversant with U.S. modem trends in college chemistry teaching. Several NSF programs since 1963. Immigrant. Speaks excellent English. Excellent health. If female sex, accent and middle age are acceptable write: Box 300-H-6, C. & E. N., Easton, Pa. 18042. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENTIST: Ph.D. Broad interdisciplinary teaching, research, management, comprehensive planning experience in public health, air, water pollution, radiation, toxicology, foods, pesticides, industrial hygiene, sanitation. Box 301-H-6, C. & E. N., Easton, Pa. 18042. ^PHYSICAL CHEMIST: Ph.D., 35, R&D DE partment head. Major pharmaceutical com pany, 15 years research and academic experience, seeks position in New Jersey-New York area due to recent drastic change in company research policy. Box 302-H-6, C. & E. N., Easton, Pa. 18042. Organic chemist: (Ph.D. 1958), syn thesis of fine and ultrafine organics, natural products and radiochemicals. Seeks a responsible position. Box 303-H-6, C. & E. N., Easton, Pa. 18042. BROAD ACADEMIC EXPERIENCE. TWO years department head. Research and informa tion service in industry and government labora tories. Ph.D, Cornell 1952. Taught advanced inorganic, inorganic synthesis, qualitative, quan titative, and instrumental analysis, general, physical, and organic chemistry, some physics and astronomy. Publications, honor student. Available immediately. Box 304-H-6, C. & E. N,, Easton, Pa. 18042. R&D MANAGER: Ph.D. INORGANIC chemistry, eight years experience in physical chemistry and electrochemistry, desires challeng ing position with large chemical company, no agencies. Box 306-H-6, C. & E. N.t Easton, Pa. 18042. ACADEMIC OR INDUSTRIAL: PHY3Ical, Ph.D., 1965. Four years industrial research, electrolyte and noneieetroylyte solutions, inter facial properties of polymers, publications. Box 307-H-fi, C. <fe E. N,, Easton, Pa. 18042. POLYMER ENGINEERING MANAGER: 17 years experience and record of accomplishment in polymerization development, new plant devel opment and start-up, plant cost reduction and process improvement. Patents. Managerial po sition desired in process engineering, process/ product development, or sales technical service. New England area preferred. Box 308-H-6, C. & E. N,, Easton, Pa. 18042. ORGANIC CHEMIST: Ph.D. 1964. AGE 33. Desires position with liberal arts college having strong academic standards. Teaching ex perience. Publications. Presently head oi three man department. Available September 1969 or September 1970. Box 309-H-6, C. & E. N., Easton, Pa. 18042. POLYMERS: 17 YEARS WELL ROUNDED experience, synthesis to production and sales, thermoplastics and thermosets, bench chemist to section chief of high level group. Heavy in elastomers application and development. Pub lications and patents. Seeking management po sition in polymer product applications, develop ment, technical service or marketing. Box 310-H-6, C. & E. N., Easton, Pa. 1S042. POLYMER-TEXTILE CHEMIST: 33, M.3., available in June 1969. Extensive `experience in developments in resins, emulsions and dyestuff applications, and textile wet processes. Short ex perience in emulsion polymers preparation and evaluation, and polymer characterization. Strongly interested in polymers, libres-tcxtile R&D or technical service operations. Box 311-H-fi, C. & E. N,, Easton, Pa. 18042. MEDICINAL CHEMIST: Ph.D. (1969). 33; permanent residence. Two years experience as an analyst. Three years experience in produc tion in industry. Teaching experience (.hall time) for four years. Seeking suitable position in industry, salary range open. Box 312-H-6, C. & E. N.t Easton, Pa. 18042. PLANT OR PRODUCTION MANAGE ment: B.S. chemistry, registered P.E. Experi ence in cutting oil, cleaning cpd, pigment and mastic production, quality control, plant engi neering, maintenance, industrial relations and special projects. Self-starter who is profit ori ented with record of accomplishments and ad vancements. Prefers small company or branch. Box 313-H-6, C. & E. N., Easton, Pa. 18042. R&D CHEMIST: CORROSION, M.S. +, 22 years intensive and extensive experience in: Electrochemistry, corrosion prevention engineer ing, surface chemistry and coatings application, metallurgy, batteries, fuel cells, electrodes radio isotopes, procedures and instrumentation in chemical analysis. Direct, supervise, conduct R&D. Many patents, publications, presentations. Age 49. Northeast preferred. Box 314-H-6, C. & E. N,, Easton, Pa. 18042. ORGANIC CHEMIST: Ph.D. 1966. DE sires research concerned with the isolation, iden tification, and synthesis of compounds important to health, biology, or agriculture. East or West Coast only. Box 315-H-6, C. & E. N,, Easton, Pa. 18042. TECHNICAL SALES OR SALES EXGI- neer: B.S. 1960. 2/3 MBA.-ECON. Three years in sales engineering and sales supervision of cryogenic gases. Six years in process engi neering. marketing and economics for petro chemicals. Excellent management caliber. Wishes position as a tech sales rep or sales engineer. Box 307-L-5, C. & E. N., Easton, Pa. 18042. ACADEMIC: . Ph.D. PHARMACY. 20+ vears industrial experience pharmaceutical R&D. Desires to teach industrial and general pharmacy. Box 328-L-5, C. & E. N., Easton. Pa. 18042. NON-METALLICS DEVELOPMENT EN gineer: B.S. 1948. Experienced in materials and process development evaluating resins, ad hesives, rubber and reinforced plastics serving aerospace, automotive, and industrial fields. Processes include: resin impregnation, molding, filament winding and high speed bonding. Ex perienced in proposal writing, program manage ment and report preparation. Box 331-L-5, C. & E. N., Easton, Pa. 18042. DSW 200965 STLCOPCB4059029 PLASTIC-RESIN'S -- MANAGEMENT R&D. Organic Ph.D. (1951). Seventeen years successful profit making record of new product development and applied research. Effective, pleasant, leadership personality. Age 45, ex cellent health, married, family. Valuable recent management training. Seeking executive growth opportunity away trom New York City. Now $25 M. Box 304-F-6, C. & E. N., Easton, Pa. 18042. ANALYTICAL CHEMIST: M.S. (1969) desires R&D position in East Coast area. Ex perience in wet chemistry, x-ray diffraction, liquid chromatography plus nine years teaching experience. Available June 1969. Box 3Q5-F-6, C. & E. N., Easton, Pa. 18042. ORGANIC CHEMIST: Ph.D. (FALL 1969). Seeks position in industry or research institute. Interests: physical organic chemistry, organic syntheses, organometalhe chemistry, chemistry of small ring compounds. Box 3Q6-F-6, C. <fe E. N., Easton, Pa. 18042. POLYMER ORGANIC CHEMIST: Ph.D., having twelve years research and development in synthesis and applications of acrylics, poly esters, protein-analogs and biopolymers, seeks senior position in the field, offering challenging opportunities for research. Has authorship of papers showing synthetic know-how and pro ficiency in existing techniques of evaluation of polymer-properties lor specific applications, like coatings, adhesives, plastics and fibers. Box 307-F-6, C. & E. N-, Easton, Pa. 18042. ACADEMIC OR INDUSTRIAL: UMVER- sity professor of biophysics desires responsible position. Ph.D. in physical chemistry 1956. Current research interests are physical chem istry and biophysics of visual processes. Previous experience in physical chemistry of polymers. Many publications, research grants. Desires research and teaching, but will consider ad ministration. Box 3Q8-F-6, C. & E. N., Easton, Pa. 18042. ACADEMIC-ADMINISTRATIVE: YOUNG ambitious chemist with teaching, research and supervisory experience desires position with op portunity for increasing responsibility. Broad academic background in physics, mathematics and chemistry. B.A., M.S. and most of course work for Ph.D. Present interests tend towards administrative or supervisory position. Will consider position with major teaching respon sibilities. Salary open. Box 313-F-6, C. & E. N., Easton, Pa. 18042. PHYSICAL CHEMIST: Ph.D., ELEVEN years experience. Will consider academic or industrial position. 21 quality publications in areas of x-vays (crystal structure, small angle scattering, fluorescence), NMR, ultracentrifuga tion, porphyrins, and petroleum composition. Honors. Interested in position with potential lor growth. Box 317-F-6, C. & E. N,, Easton, Pa. 18042. RESEARCH CHEMIST: 20 YEARS Ex perience with leading pharmaceutical manufac turer, information scientist, extensive knowledge of foreign areas and development, famiUar with patent work on an international basis, fluent in German, French or Italian, desires scientific trans lations, interpreting, abstracting, or similar work. Special areas of knowledge: medicinal chemistry, patents, preclinical sciences. Box 301-J-5, C. & E. N,, Easton, Pa. 18042. MANAGER-RUBBER TECHNOLOGIST: 25 years experience in laboratory and factory of major pigment and rubber companies. Age 45, B.Cli.E.. M.S., patents, publications. Presently employed. Management position with progres sive MRG company or opportunity to spearhead applications research with new elastomers or pigments considered. Box 317-H-6, C. & E. N., Easton, Pa. 18042. GAS DISCHARGE CHEMIST: Organic Ph.D. 1952. Thin polymer films, coatings, sur face grafting, lamination, radiation effects, mem branes. Research nianager/laboraotry director. Box 318-H-6, C. Jc E. N., Easton, Pa. 18042. RECENTLY UNEMPLOYED CHEMIST: B.S. experienced in product development (formu lation). technical service, and quality control. Cosmetics and toiletries, chemical specialties, and industrial cleaners and lubricants for the metal working industry. Currently in the Midwest, but will relocate. Box 319-H-6, C. & E. N,, Easton, Pa. 18042. MANAGER, PRODUCTION/ENGINEER ing: Profit minded turn-around manager. 25 years' organic, inorganic, mining, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, multi-plant experience. Plant, production, engineering manager. Record of substantial profit improvements. Develop, moti vate practical results oriented organizations. Cor rection of trouble plants. Ch.E., Bus. Admin., Res. Prof. Engr. Box 320-H-6, C. & E. N., Easton, Pa. 18042. MANUFACTURING/GENERAL MANAGEm:nt, foods. B.S. (chemistry) with broad managerial experience in food specialties and vegetable oil technology desires responsible posi tion on West Coast. 25 years experience includes multi-plant production management, general man agement of division. Box 321-H-6, C. & E. N., Easton, Pa. 18042. TECHNICAL WRITER OR EDITOR: More than five years experience as home and foreign language abstractor for biological ab stracts and chemical abstracts in all branches of biochemistry. Experienced in research biochem istry in three major universities. Box 322-H-6, C. & E. N,, Easton, Pa. 18042. GERMAN Ph.D., 1957, M.S., B.S. ORGANIC chemistry plus B.S., M.S. equivalent to bio chemistry, courses in physiological chemistry, physiology, pharmacology (medical school), nine publications, three ready to publish, fluent English, German, French, -- Italian reading ability; single; 45. Former research associate of M.I.T.; in Germany, five years teaching ex perience. four years industry, three years free lance. Immigrating Fall 1969. Desires position in biochemical or biomedical teaching and/or research, preference neurochemistry. Box 323-H-6. C. & E. N,, Easton, Pa. 18042. ORGANIC CHEMIST: Ph.D. 1967 WITH nine years research experience, seeking industrial R&D position. Several publications. Available in September 1969. Experience in synthetic, photochemical and structural elucidative work. Box 324-H-6, C. & E. N,, Easton, Pa. 18042. PHYSICAL CHEMIST: COMPLETING postdoctoral appointment; publications; college teaching experience; computer experience; the oretical chemistry research; desires academic po sition in New' York State or Mass. Available August 1969. Box 325-H-6, C. & E. N,, Easton, Pa. 18042. TECHNICAL DIRECTOR: Ph.D. Ch.E., Reg. P.E. Wrants top-level line/project manage ment post, chemical/aerospace industry, over seas/states. 20 years engineering, manufacturing and research management, including six chemical process, plant design, lour propellant, ten aero space/propulsion. Positions include director oi engineering, of production, of operations, asso ciate director research. Leads, directs disciclined, productive organizations. Available. Box 326-H-6, C. & E. N., Easton, Pa. 18042. CHEMICAL PROCESS ENGINEER: Twelve years experience, process and product development, production process supervision, and new process start-up, related to explosives, munitions, ordnance items. Desires position utilizing experience to your company's advantage. Will relocate. Box 327-H-6, C. & E. N,, Easton, Pa. 18042. t ANALYTICAL/INORGANIC Ph.D.: AGE 34. Nine years varied industrial experience in inor ganic, physical, and agricultural chemistry. Work ranged from exploratory to product problems. Some supervisory experience. Desires administra tive. technical, or liaison position. Business orientated. Box 328-H-8, C. & E. N., Easton, Pa. 18042. B.S. Ch.E. 62: MARRIED, SEVEN years experience in production, technical services and maintenance in chemical processing and pulp and paper. Desires position in production or technical services. Northwest preferred. Box 329-H-6, C. & E. N,, Easton, Pa. 18042. PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYTICAL CHEM ist: Research, methods development, non-routine control assays. Publications. Translations. Glassblowing. Seeks laboratory position with pharmaceutical firm. Available immediately. Box 330-H-6, C. & E. N., Easton, Pa. 18042. TECHNICAL MANAGEMENT POTENTIAL: B.A. chemistry 1958, M.A. biology, 1964, graduate work pharmacology 1967. Six years experience in biochemical, physiological and pharmacologi cal areas. Designed, directed quality control inspection cosmetics; also research and develop ment. Prefers southern U.S. Box 331-H-6, C. & E. N., Easton, Pa. 18042. ACADEMIC POSITION DESIRED BY Ph.D. physical organic chemist. Teaching, postdoc toral. and industrial experience. Publications. Available September 1969. Box 332-H-6, C. & E, N,, Easton, Pa. 18042. ACTIVE BIOCHEMIST : Ph.D. MARRIED, family. Substantial, funded, research program. FASEB member. Proteins (serum, connective tissue), protein-protein interactions, chromatog raphy. Desires teaching and/or research appoint ment preferably in Midwest. Medical school preferred. Box 333-H-6, C. & E. N., Easton, Pa. 18042. CATALYST CHEMIST: R&D MANAGE ment including pilot plant and industrial pro duction experience. Publications and patients. Box 334-H-6, C. & E. N., Easton, Pa. 18042. TECHNICAL MANAGEMENT: DEMON strated technical and administrative competence generating and directing process and product R&D. 20 years diversified polymer, fiber, plastics, textile aerospace experience. Ten years. man agerial level. Creative polymer Ph.D. equivalent. Patents, publications. Seeking new leadership position. Box 335-H-6, C. & E. N,, Easton, Pa. 18042. ACADEMIC: Ph.D., TEN YEARS EXtremelv varied industrial research. Especially interested in developing interdisciplinary courses. Small-to-medium size college. Northeast. MidAtlantic. Midwest. Box 336-H-6, C. & E. X., Easton, Pa. 18042. VERSATILE PHYSICAL CHEMIST: Ph.D. 1953. Diversified industrial background, surface teclmology, electrochemistry, chemical support for instrumentation development, photo-reproduction, life-support systems. Supervisory, staff posi tions, customer liaison. Growth opportunity. Box 337-H-6, C. & E. X., Easton, Pa, 18042. SITUATIONS WANTED (Student Affiliates) M.A. CANDIDATE JOURNALISM, bJ. chemistry, three years diverse experience in quality control drugs, feeds, fertilizers, one year as supervisor. Seeks challenging position com bining seience/joumalism background in public relations, advertising, information distribution or technical writing. Box 500-H-6, C. & E .N., Easton, Pa. 18042. SITUATIONS WANTED (Nonmembers) PATENT ATTORNEY: TEN YEARS patent experience, all phases, corporate and pri vate practice. Box 6QQ-H-6, C. & E. N., Easton, Pa. 18042. PROCESS ENGINEER (B.S. MECHANI cal) requires supervisory position in development, production. 15 years experience automotive and molded urethane foams. Interested in work abroad with U.S. or foreign company, temporary or permanent basis. Box 6Q1-H-6, C. & E. N., Easton, Pa. 18042. PHYSICAL-INORGANIC Ph.D. (1967), 28, one year postdoctoral, + teaching, seeks aca demic or industrial position with research op portunities. Box 602-H-6, C. & E. N., Easton. Pa. 18042. MISCELLANEOUS Advertising of Classifications Not Included in Directories On Preceding Pages PUBLICATIONS--SALE, WANTED. ^WANTED TO PURCHASE: COMPLETE sets, short runs and single volumes of scientific periodicals-in all languages. Walter J. Johnson, Inc., Ill Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10003. SPECIAL SALE: CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS. 1923-62 $1300, 1937-59 $580, 1962 both vols. $150: JACS, 1921-66 $340. 1921-39 $175: Analytical Chemistry, 1931-65 $180; I&EC, 1914-26 '$75; Archives of Pathology, 1946-66 $290. Pluto, 1024 Orange Grove, Arcadia, Calif. 91006. BACK ISSUES OF NEARLY ALL VOLUMES of ACS journals are available promptly from the American Chemical Society. Write for quo tations on volumes and sets. Special Issues Sales Department, ACS. 1155 Sixteenth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036. COURSES THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER Institute of Science and Technology: Advances in chemistry series symposium on Oxidation in 8Organic Chemistry, Tuesday and Wednesday, th and 9th July, 1969. The topics have been selected for their interest to chemists in industry and the speakers will include acknowledged au thorities from the U.S.A. and the continent. Further details and form of application can be obtained from the Registrar, The University of Manchester Insti tute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 88. Manchester M60 1QD. England. SERVICES Moving? SENDFORBOOKLET I A fzee 16-page booklet prepared by Burn* I l ham Van Service, Inc., can give you helpful work-saving, cost-saving pointers on how I I to organize your move from city to city when you change jobs. How to prepare to I I move, tips on packing, a helpful inventory check list of things to do are among the I I topics included. No obligation. Write for your free copy. I II Miss Patricia Flynn I Burnham Van Service I I 1634 Second Avenue I Columbus, Georgia 31091 II E JUNE 9, 1969 C&EN 97 DSW 200966 STLCOPCB4059030 i INDEX TO ADVERTISERS IN THIS ISSUE Academic Press................................................. 75 Flamm Advertising American Cyanamid Co............................... 27 Pampel to Associates, Inc. American Gilsonite Co.................................... 85 Ross Clay Advertising American Industrial Disposal Systems, Inc................................................................... 64 Advertising Development Services, Inc. American Mineral Spirits Company Di vision Union Oil Company of Cali fornia ......................................... 50-51 Leo Burnett Co., Inc. Ameripol, Inc...................................................... 1 Watts, Lee ir Kenyon, Inc. Arapahoe Chemicals, Inc............................ 86 TallantJYates Advertising, Inc. Ashland Chemical Co....................................... 83 Cooper, Strock to Scanned, Inc. The Badger Co., Inc........................................55-58 Culver Advertising, Inc. The Bank of New York.................................. 12 Evans Marketing Communications, Inc. Barnstead Still and Sterilizer Co............. 7 Creamer, Trowbridge, Case Benzol Products................................................. 85 Prescott Fuller to Co. The Borden Chemical Co............................ 67 Conahay to Lyon, Inc. Brown & Root, Inc......................................... 39 Glenn Advertising, Inc. Celanese Chemical Co.................................... MacManus, John & Adams, Inc. Chemical to Engineering News.................. Columbian Carbon Co................................. Albert Sidney Noble Commercial Solvents Corp............................ Fuller to Smith to Ross, Inc. 1FC 72 OBC 46 - Eastman Kodak Co............................................ RumriU-Hoyt, Inc. Engelhard Hanovia, Inc................................. Keyes, Martin to Co. Environmental Engineers............................. Seymour Charles Advertising, Inc. Environmental Science toTechnology. . 8-9 32 68 28 Fluoroware......................................................... Colie to McVoy 85 GAF Corporation............................................ 25 Michel-Gather, Inc. Georgetown University.................................. 84 Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co......................10-11 Tatham-Laird to Kudner, Inc. Graver Water Conditioning Co................... 62 Black-Russell-Morris Gulf Oil Co........................................................... 52 Ketchum, MacLeod to Grove, Inc. Hewlett-Packard................................................40-41 Richardson, Thomas to Bushman, Inc. Instrumentation Laboratory, Inc............... Pazolt to Co. ' International Business Machines................ Ogilvy to Mather, Inc. 2 4 Laboratory Equipment Corp....................... Advertising Services, Inc. 82 3M Company....................................................... Young to Rubicam, Inc. Mast Development Co.................................... Ted McElhiney Advertising, Inc. 24 26 National Starch and Chemical Corp.... Marsteller Inc. 65 Pennsylvania Industrial Chemical Corp. Reeds and Farris Perkin-Elmer Corp............................................ Gaynor to Ducas, Inc. Chas. Pfizer & Company, Inc....................... MacManus, John to Adams, Inc. Philadelphia Quartz Co................................. The Michener Co. Phillips Petroleum Co.................................... /. Walter Thompson Co. Picker Nuclear................................................. Naimark and Barba, Inc. 81 100 6 31 87 IBC Rohm and Haas.................................................. 18-19 Arndt, Preston, Chapin, Lamb to Keen, Inc. Ross Engineering Div. Midland-Ross Corp............................................................... 66 Sanger-Funnell, Inc. Shell Chemical Co......................................... Ogilvy to Mather, Inc. The Sherwin-Williams Co............................ Griswold-Eshleman Co. 70 23 Shikoku Kasei Co., LTD............................... OCS, Inc. Technicon Corp................................................. Mediad, Inc. 84 42 Unilever-Emery N. V.................................... Smit's International Advertising N. V. UOP ...................................................................... Campbell-Mithun, Inc. Vickers-Zimmer AG....................................... Linder Presse Union GmbH Virginia Division of Industrial Develop ment............................................................... Atlantic National Advertising Agency Washine Chemical Corp................................. Rosston, Kremer to Slawtert Inc. Western Precipitation Division................ Brown, Clark to Elkus/Los Angeles, Inc. Witco Chemical Co......................................... Basford, Inc. FI 49 F2 67 87 36 61 DIRECTORIES Chemicals Exchange....................................... 88 Classified Advertising......................................89-97 Equipment Mart.................... 88 Technical Services............................................. 88 Advertising Management for the American Chemical Society Publications REINHOLD PUBLISHING CORP., a Sub sidiary of Litton Publications, Inc., Division of Litton. Industries, Inc. Thomas N. J. Koerwer, Advertising Sales Director, ACS Publications; Alfred E. Gall, Advertising Production Director, 600 Summer St., Stam ford, Conn. 06906. (Area Code 203) 348 7531. Cable Address: REINPUB STAMFORDCONNECTICUT SALES DEPARTMENT Robert N. Sillars, Jr. Advertising Sales Manager, CtoEN Laurence O. Roberts Midwestern Regional Manager Clay S. Holden Western Regional Manager SALES REPRESENTATIVES Chicago 60603 . . . Joseph C. Hoopes, Lau rence O. Roberts, Thomas R. Millerd, D, Steven McLean, 10 South La Salle St., (Area Code 312) 726-1282 Cleveland 44114 . . . Rodney D. Long, 1717 East 9th St., (Area Code 216) 771-4011 Dallas 75207 . . . Parker Harris, Roy Mc Donald Associates, 411 Semmons Tower West, (Area Code 214) 637-2444. Denver 80203 . . . Robert H. Heidersbach, Bud Foster, Roy McDonald Associates, Inc., 846 Lincoln St., (Area Code 303) 825-3325 Detroit . . (Area Code 313) Enterprise 6704 Houston 77006 , , . Frank N. Vickrey, Rich ard Clothier, Roy McDonald Associates, Inc., 3130 Southwest Freeway, (Area Code 713) 529-6711 Los Angeles 90045 . . . Clay S. Holden, Lynn Gaskill 8939 So. Sepulveda Blvd., Suite 528, (Area Code 213) 776-0552 Philadelphia 19107 , . . Benjamin W. Jones, 12 South 12th Street, (Area Code 215) 922-0346 San Francisco . . . Clay S. Holden, Lynn Gaskill, (Area Code 415) 421-8080 Stamford, Conn. 06904 . . . Samuel W. Percy, Robert N. Sillars, Jr., Edmund B. Sulli van, W. T. Cowley, Harold I. Sheils, Jr., Richard M. Bohan, Allan J. Stein (Recruitment Advertising) 600 Summer St., (Area Code 203) 348-7531 Great Britain and Western Europe . Brayton Nichols, The American Maga zine Group, 44 Conduit Street, London, W. 1, England, Telephone--Regent 4714 Japan . . . Sumio Oka, International Media Representatives, Ltd., 1, Shiba-Kotohiracho, Minatoku, Tokyo, Japan PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT Joseph P. Stenza Advertising Production Manager Joseph A. Stelmoschuk Production Manager--Classified Advertising, CtoEN ^Companies so marked appear in the foreign regional edition only. Tank A sandblaster works on a section of a steel storage tank for liquid acid that is used in phosphate processing. Af ter the surface is sandblasted, a tough rubber lining, made by Goodyear Tire & Rubber, will be applied to protect the tank against acid corrosion NEWS 98 C&EN JUNE 9, 1969 STLCOPCB4059031 Fish farm Dr. Ray Allison and Beverly Clement of Auburn University stock a small pond with catfish fingerlings. Fish will be treated with GAF Corp.'s Victoria Green S Extra Concentrate dye for protection against white spot disease, a catfish killer. Au burn University, Auburn, Ala., provides catfish farming expertise for local farmers Seeder A hopper-equippedi helicopter seeds a tract of Georgia- Pacific'S land in Oregon. The company started 11.7 million new trees in its just-ended planting season--22,300 acres by aerial spraying. In a 50-year cycle up to 2% of a forest ripens each year for har vest, Georgia-Pacific says Glass beads Pittsburgh Corning Corp.'s Celramic glass nodules bonded with thermosetting resins form this lab sample illustrating a lightweight composite material. The cellulated glass beads can be combined with epoxy or polyester resins to form the composites DSW 200968 JUNE 9, 1969 C&EN 99 STLCOPCB4059032 NE1AFS among the leading scientists and researchers who read this for news and information? Worldwide, more scientists and re searchers read Instrument News than any other publication in the chemical field. And it doesn't cost a cent. Instrument News, published quar terly by Perkin-Elmer, contains articles especially selected to help you in your work. It regularly covers instruments, applications and techniques in such areas as nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared, atomic absorption, gas chro matography, thermal analysis, ultra violet. mass spectrometry, equipment leasing, computer interfacing, and many more. Mail coupon today for a free copy and a subscription form for authorita tive, well-accepted Instrument News. PERKIN-ELMER rINSTRUMENT news I PERKIN-ELMER CORPORATION 707 MAIN AVENUE I NORWALK, CONNECTICUT 06852 | Please send me a sample copy and a I subscription form for Instrument News. I Name The Briggs-Paige precepts The past is alleged to be prologue, and it might thus be worthwhile to review six precepts that were adhered to faithfully by the late Dr. Lyman J. Briggs, who was head of the Na tional Bureau of Standards in the years 1933 to 1945. Dr. Briggs, who was a baseball nut, said that his own views had been best summed up by "that great philosopher and baseball player, Satchel Paige" (1): Avoid fried meats which angry up the blood. If your stomach disputes you, lie down and pacify it with cool thoughts. Keep the juices flowing by jan gling around gently as you move. Go very lightly on the vices, such as carrying on in society. The social ramble ain't restful. Avoid running at all times. . Don't look back. Something might be gaining on you. (1) The NBS Standard, April 1963; report of interview Nov. 2, 1962. A daring change of name The Public Relations Society of America honored a company in the chemical industry last month for a PR campaign that the firm waged in connection with a change in its name. The company, which in this account shall be called Panhandle Graft & Extortion Corp., at once revealed its victory in a news release that read in part as follows: "PG&E was presented the top award ... for the public relations program [it] undertook ... to pub licize widely the change of its cor porate name from Panhandle Graft & Extortion Corporation to PG&E Croporation . . ." The Public Relations Society of America chose its awardee wisely. Vision and courage are required to change one's name from "corporation" to "croporation," and acts of this kind should help to undercut, however slightly, the idea that companies are universally staid and hidebound. No connection is intended with Pacific Gas & Electric, the San Fran cisco-based utility. Traveling man hails flute Gaspard de la Nuit, who travels for Constructors John Brown, the British engineering and construction firm, has written an account of his adventures with the flute, an instrument that he has long played to while away idle hours in the provinces and elsewhere (1). The practice, he says, is a "use ful, artistic, and above all, O Ye Di rectors, an inexpensive way of passing the time." Here is one of M. de la Nuit's adventures: ". . . I had great fun with an exceptionally scruffy crowd who met in Salford Town Hall .... They were mostly ex-professionals and took "Orpheus in the Underworld" at the proper speed, which is ferociously fast. I played the piccolo--it is a flute a size smaller--and at the end, though I had coped, my fingers and my tiny instrument were knotted to gether and had to be loosened by the second bassoon in a basin of hot water." (1) Nuit, Gaspard de la, "Travels with a Flute," Panorama, 11, 14 (1969). Department of obscure information Offshore wells produced 14% of U.S. crude oil output in 1968. New Zealand exported 1 ton of steel mill products to the U.S. in 1968. Glaciers contain about 75% of the world's supply of fresh water. The cost of rodent damage to Rochester Telephone Corp. is ap proaching $100,000 per year. COMING NEXT WEEK Carbene chemistry Company_______________ Address_______________ I City ^StateZip Carbenes, important in the synthesis of cyclopropanes and more highly strained small ring compounds, are permitting chemists to see just how far their ideas about carbon hy bridization can be pressed. A C&EN Feature J 100 C&EN JUNE 9, 1969 DSW 200969 - STLCOPCB4059033 Picker and AEI now offer the widest selection of mass spectrometer systems in the world. (That's just part of our line below.) Lab 20 An ideal general-purpose mass spectrometer specifically designed for: (1) the laboratory without a mass spectrometer, (2) those who haven't worked with a mass spectrometer, (3) the laboratory that needs a flexible, multipurpose instrument, (4) the laboratory with a modest budget, and (5) the laboratory that must have--despite items (1) through (4) above--a quality instrument. The Lab 20 is a simple, inexpensive, rapid, accurate, reliable mass spectrometer for molecular weight determi nations, structural information, and quantitative analysis of a wide range of gases, liquids and volatile solids. Request data file: Lab 20. MSDS-II This Mass Spectrometer Data Sys tem links any mass spectrometer to a high-speed digital computer for exceptionally rapid data reduc tion. The system includes the inter face between the spectrometer and the computer, the computer itself, and all programs to operate and control these systems. Request data file: MSDS-II. MS 902 Simply: the most powerful single analytical instrument available for the elucidation of the structure of organic compounds. Ultra-high res olution (better than 70,000, 10% valley definition), exceptional mass measurement accuracy (2 ppm), unmatched speed (scans a spec trum in 2 secs.), and surprising simplicity of operation. Over 100 MS 9's and MS 902's are in use throughout the world. Request data file: MS 902. MS 1201 A single-focusing mass spectrom eter designed for monitoring gas chromatograph effluents continu ously. It can identify as little as 0.003 micrograms and scan a spec trum in 0.15 secs. Can also be used for general qualitative and quanti tative analysis, ionization potential measurements, and physical chem ical studies. Request data file: MS 1201. MS 702 Improved version of the MS 7-- the most widely used mass spectrometer in the world for inorganic analysis. A doublefocusing spark source instru ment for trace element detec tion and analysis, ore analysis, impurity checking in nuclear re actor components, tracing inor ganic elements in bio-systems, etc. Request data file: MS 702. Isotope MS 10 The first low-cost mass spec trometer specifically designed for the biologist for accurate determination of isotope abun dance ratios in gaseous com pounds. it can directly measure 13C/12C, i5|\|/'*N, 180/160, and 34S/32S at natural levels in car bon dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide respectively. Request data file: Isotope MS 10. MS 10 The most widely used generalpurpose mass spectrometer in the world. Low cost, accurate, multipurpose, upgradeable.This is an ideal system for teaching, residual gas analysis, quantita tive and qualitative analysis, and isotope ratio measure ments. Request data file: MS 10. DSW 200970 Write for detailed information of any of these systems. If you'd also like information on our flexible leasing and Hbfl rental plans, please ask us about them. Picker Nuclear, 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue, White Plains, N.Y. 10605. M |E U STLCOPCB4059034 Put your confidence in COLUMBIAN ; ti? > .. *-.*-v* 5 * *r.r; +**': V*v . v ^'<sr.'i^1 w/'/* ^ * "'?? s^> %V?Zsrs* VI .; %* .... , ' 1 > * /, * vwivu * ' r* j * >'- - *y-^-vr ^ ;v . > V . r 1 ?" r-7.i' *V?i' '' .* ' * V* ."V' . ^ jf- '4*\ - v.\: *,.. > *.i :*>' '*. V* *. t\ 'V i ~V- .-. : *' * f' \ 5 1 ' - . >* *i **" f : ' * <, ?. ' ^ J t-.V . :-v * ;; * ?; ' J-t . * y, .; i/ Tr\ " .- \ ' <. ? ' *-. . " ** * . V - ,, ' *-' " ' '*.. > W* * >;** -. ,-'.V .. *? , '* v. *z ., -vT -.H * i & ` ^ - > jc.. .. > , > ; *.*s fj >.- ' " . afr*.'-v '<* .% j: *r- *ar Su.' '4S\ '^x" fs^<*:hx .'-K-V; ^ # > ***"* .J JT& HAF particles showing graphite layers (c s 3.6 A). New view of carbon black structure! (magnified three million times) Columbian research now has a new way to look inside carbon black particles--magnified three million times-- to measure properties which contribute to the quality and durability of tires and other rubber products. Columbian is the first carbon black producer to install a high-resolution electron microscope more powerful than any such equipment used previously. With this microscope, Columbian studies the graphitic composi tion of carbon black and then relates the composition to the performance of the black in products and processes. This technological advance is a major breakthrough that helps to take the guesswork out of rubber reinforce ment. For many years, Columbian has been the pace setter in carbon black research--an important reason why customers have complete confidence in Columbian. COLUMBIAN CARBON COMPANY 380 MADISON AVENUE NEW YORK, N.Y. 10017 A SUBSIDIARY OF CITIES SERVICE COMPANY DSW 200971 STLCOPCB4059035