Document vVDE0OkaXJkpn8odap0Mq2Vrq
REPORT #D.S.C. 67-3
1 - '
"CONFIDENTIAL DU PORT TECHNICAL INFORMATION"
CC: J, W. NESTOR, WILM., F&F CC: C. W. STAHL, TOLEDO
F. H, BEADLES, WILM., F&F
F/ S. BAKER, TUCKER
C. F, KALB, WILM., F&F
C/. R. DlT BOW, DETROIT SALES
E. T. BREUER, WILM. , F&F
MULHOLLAND, FLINT DEV. LAB,
C. W. THEOBALD, WILM., F&F
" "LITT, JR., MAR. LAB.
R. B. DAVIS, WILM.., F&F
^
^RRELL, MAR. LAB.
P. J. GRAHAM, EXP. STA. WILM.
PIKEp-MARSHALL LAB.
R. A. DE WALL, CHICAGO
C./N. SWINEHART, JR., MAR. LAB.
P. 0, PEASLEY, EVERETT
JY W. BASTIAN, MAR. LAB.
H. a. STINE, FLINT
W. H. EDWARDS, PHILA. PLANT
C. H. THOMPSON, FORT MADISON R. H. VINING, PHILA. PLANT
J. F. MC GETTIGAN, PARLIN
J. L. ABBAMONDI, MAR. LAB.
W. H. BEUTEL, PHILA. PLANT
W. B. CALLAHAN, PHILA. PLANT
K. E. ACKLEY, SO. SAN FRAN. M. E. BARTON, PHILA. PLANT
J. F. VOZZELLA, WILM.
File: 1705
Marshall Laboratory
ittiuftw T#-y 2S5, 1967
E, I. Iu AR^MA(c Ie jialfioiirfifMR^MPANY FABRICS AND FINISHES DEPARTMENT
DIVISIONAL PLANTS CHEMICAL GROUPS
Cs.y
STABILITY REPORT SIXTEEN 330-LINE DISPERSIONS PERFORMANCE IN ALKYD AND NITROGEN-ALKYD PRODUCTS
ABSTRACT:
Prepared, by:.
Date Issued: Project: Previous Reports:
Notebooks:
M. H. Schaffer
P-63 DSC D.S.C. #66-2 7682, 7357, 3091, 8189, S196, S385, 8500, 8653, 8661, 8662, 8885, 9029
This report covers the stability performance of alkyd and nitrogen-alkyd products containing sixteen of the twenty-four
dispersions in the 330-Line colorant gamut. Data demonstrate that
products containing any one or a combination of the sixteen dis persions are satisfactory from a stability performance standpoint. Conclusions are based on the evaluation of over 3,500 laboratory
pilots and on feedback from commercial experience. A report describing the performance of the eight 330-Line dispersions not covered herein will follow completion of a statistical evaluation
program currently underway.
REASON FOR REPORT:
# "2-
D.S.C. #67-3
This report is issued to:
(1) Serve as a reference on the stability per formance of products containing 330-Line dispersions in support of the full scale 330-Line commercialization proposal.
(2) Document a vast amount of experimental data regarding one stability performance of products containing 330-Line dispersions.
(3) Eliminate superfluous 330-Line stability evaluations by providing comprehensive recommendations based on . experimental data,
(4) Appraise Management of the satisfactory com pletion of the finished product stability evaluation work phase of the P-63 Projecto
(5) Supplement and consolidate earlier correspon dence on 330-Line finished product stability performance .
OBJECTIVES:
(1) The overall immediate objective of the P-63 Project is to replace and subsequently obsolete 42 > 732 and 743-Line conventional dispersions by satisfactorily commercializing 330Line dispersions.
(2) The specific objective of the stability evaluation phase of the P-63 Project is to determine if products containing 330-Line dispersions are equivalent in stability performance to conventional based analog systems.
CONCLUSIONS:
(1) Sixteen (16) dispersions in the 330-Line formulating gamut (See Table I) can be used to replace their 42, 732 and 743Line conventional dispersion counterparts in alkyd and nitrogenalkyd systems without any significant effect on finished product stability characteristics.
(2) The settling performance of a finished product is directly related to the degree of flocculation of the dispersions which it contains. Due to their higher level of deflocculation (better dispersion), eight (S) 330-Line coarse pigment dispersions (See Table I-A) inconsistently display varying degrees of poorer settling resistance in finished products as compared to their con ventional based, more highly flocculated, counterparts.. A statistical evaluation program is currently underway to define the extent and determine commercial significance of the settling per formance in this area. Early results are satisfactory and con clusions, which will be based on these and longer term stability data from this statistical program, will be presented in future correspondence and in the Release Letter proposing full-scale c ommercialisation,,
DUP030001698
FUTURE ACTION:
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D.S.C. #67-3
(1) Work continues to commercialize 330-Line Dispersions, A Release Letter proposing full-scale commercialization -of the 330Line gamut - (24 dispersicns) will be written,
(2) The coarse pigment dispersion statistical analysis program will-continue to completion with report on data to follow.
*
(3) No new stability evaluations are planned in alkyd and nitrogen-alkyd.. systems for thirteen (13) of the sixteen (16) 330Line dispersions classified in this report as satisfactory,- The other three (3) dispersions are satisfactory in straight-alkyd qua lity .but have yet to be evaluated in nitrogen-alkyd quality. Plans have been made to evaluate these dispersions accordingly.
(4) Stability evaluations already in progress will con tinue according to standard schedules and testing procedures.
(5) Any new dispersions Introduced into the 330-Line ga mut will be evaluated in both alkyd and nitrogen-alkyd systems on a high spot basis only.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;
The data presented in this report was planned and accom plished over the past several years. Many members of the Divisional Plants Chemical Groups contributed to the setting-up and conducting of the experimental program.
PREPARED BY:
APPROVED BY:
MHS:JLA:CNS:jp 8/4/67
APPROVED BY; C. N. SWINEHART. SUPERVISOR DIVISIONAL PLANTS CHEMICAL GROUPS
DUP030001699
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D.S.C. #67-3
DISCUSSION:
Introduction;
The immediate objective of the P-63 Project is to replace 42, 732, and 743-Line, conventional dispersions, with 330-Line DSC dispersionso To successfully achieve this objective it is necessary to establish that 330-Line dispersions perform equivalent to their
conventional counterparts in alkyd and nitrogen-alkyd finished product systems. To determine performance, an experimental program was set up to not only evaluate initial film properties, but to also establish durability and stability characteristics of the
330-Line based systems as compared to conventional based controls. The data accumulated during this program demonstrates satisfactory durability performance of 330-Line dispersions, ref.; DSC Reports #66-4, and #67-2. This report summarizes the results of the stability evaluation phase of the experimental program.
Results;
Experimental data demonstrates that the stability per formance of products containing any one or a combination of sixteen
(16) of the 330-Line dispersions scheduled for full-scale commercial ization are equivalent to their conventional based counterparts. From these experimental results it is predicted that there will be no significant commercial differences in stability performance
between 330-Line and conventional based finished products. This forecast is supported by satisfactory complaint-free experience with many products manufactured on a commercial scale at Toledo
using 330-Line dispersions oyer the past three years. A summary of the results supporting conclusions are presented in Tables II through XVIII.
Tables II to XVII list individually, by Colorant , the per formance of the sixteen (16) 330-Line dispersions in alkyd and nitrogen-alkyd qualities. All of the finished products systems in this series of Tables either contain (1) the individual dispersion
under .evaluation, alone, with no other Colorants in the system (masstone), (2) the dispersion under evaluation in combination with a prime white base (tint), or (3) the individual dispersion under
evaluation in combination with other conventional dispersions. Systems* in any one Table are listed in numerical order by product
Line Number. Line Numbers 15 to 699 represent straight-alkyd systems and 700 through 799 nitrogen-alkyd systems.
Table XVIII shows the performance of combinations of the sixteen (16) 330-Line dispersions (gamut replacements) in alkyd and nitrogen-alkyd systems. Most of the systems used for evaluation here are active product formulas.
DUP030001700
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D.S.c. #67-3
Results in all Tables are expressed in terns of experi mental vs. control performance: a plus (+) designates experimental is better than control and a negative (-) designates experimental is poorer than control. Only those specific results showing a difference between experimental and control are recorded in the Tables. Where a specific result is shown, it should be understood that all other results of that evaluation are equal. Where there are no differences between experimental and control, results are
designated as "equal to control."
The results reported in the Tables cover the performance of prototype as well as the currently scaled-up, scheduled for commercialization, dispersions. Many of the earlier dispersions were similar in design to the present systems and results On these early systems correlate with, and tend to support data obtained from the current dispersions.
Stability performance of products using any of the eight
(6) coarse pigment dispersions in the 330-Line gamut will be pre sented in a separate report covering the statistical analysis program of these dispersions currently underway.
Criteria For Analysis of Results:
In most cases, finished products have numerically defined specification limits for controlling performance parameters and physical properties such as gloss, hardness, cure, gallon weight,
viscosity, etc. In these cases, performance of an experimental system can be measured in two ways:
(1) Comparison to control and/or (2) Comparison to specification limits.
Specification limits provide a basis for determining if an experi mental system is commercially satisfactory even though results do not duplicate control performance, e.g., if a product has a
viscosity specification of 50 to 60 seconds and the experimental is 52 and the control 56, the experimental, even though it is not equal to control, is still considered commercially satisfactory since it meets product specifications.
Where no specifications exist for a particular performance test, comparison of experimental to control is the only criterion
for determining satisfactory performance. Tests such as viscosity, stability , seed and settling generally fall into this category of
non-specification. To define performance of 330-Line versus con ventional based systems results were related to product end use, duration of stability and importance of the specific tests in relation to what is required by the customer of the product.
DUP030001701
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D.S.C. #67-3
The ratings given for a particular evaluation are a composite of the performance of the experimental versus control over the entire duration of testing rather than expressed as results at any single interval, e.g., seed resistance of an experimental
system slightly poorer than control at one month; slightly better than control at two months; and equal to control at six months is considered equivalent to control. Rating stability in this manner
eliminates slight variations in performance due to: (1) sampling
inconsistencies;: (2) batch-to-batch raw material variations; (3) testing reproducibility; and (4) use of several subjective type tests.
Experimental Design
The target area for commercialization of 330-line dis persions is alkyd and nitrogen-alkyd finished products. In carrying out this commercialization, 330-Line will replace 42, 732 and 743Line dispersions in approximately 100 different product lines encom passing close to E,000 formulas. To determine if these replacements could be made without affecting the present level of finished product stability performance, experiments were designed as follows:
(1) Quality of Products
a. Masstone and Tints - Each Colorant, where applicable, was evaluated in alkyd and nitrogen-alkyd quality, masstone and tint vs. conventional based controls. The 15, 93 and Idl-Line Formulating Tables were used to develop data for straight alkyd quality and the 7dO and 7dl~Line Tables were used to develop data for nitrogen-alkyd quality. These Lines were selected as representative of alkyd and nitrogen-alkyd quality, respec tively, because of the high volume position they maintain in our production pattern and the fact that nearly all dispersions in the 330-Line gamut are included as Colorants for these Lines. In the few areas where a particular 330-Line dispersion was not used as a Colorant in any of the above Lines, masstones and tints were selected from other Formulating Tables, e.g. 195-Line, 794-Line, etc.
b. Active Product Formulas - All dispersions in the 330-Line gamut were evaluated in active product formulas, metallic and non-metallic, straight-alkyd and nitrogen-alkyd quality. These evaluations included single replace ments and gamut replacements in many of the Lines which will ultimately be converted to a 330-Line formulating basis.
DUP030001702
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D.S.C. #67-3
(2) Evaluation Intervals and Duration
Stability of each sample was routinely run up to six months. Where dictated by product end use, stability was either curtailed or extended. Testing intervals varied with the specific product, but usually included evaluation at one, three and six months. Oven stabilities (12GF), low tem perature stabilities, and shelf stabilities were
run as related to product end use.
(3) Evaluation Testing
Routine quality control tests such as gallon weight, viscosity, settling, seed, gloss, hardness, flexibility, adhesion, and color were used to define initial product performance. Settling evaluations, as well as all or a portion of the aforementioned tests were used to define performance at each stability testing period.
Non-routine tests specific to end product use were also run when and where required, e.g.,
appliance enamels were evaluated for humidity, salt spray, grease resistance and stain resistance in addition to the routine tests listed above.
Visual and microscopic analyses were made on
wet samples and dry films to determine floccu lation and pigment orientation characteristics.
MHS:jp
DUP030001703
TABLE I 330-LINE DISPERSIONS SCHEDULED FOR FULL-SCALE COMMERCIALIZATION STABILITY PERFORMANCE COVERED IN THIS REPORT
330-LINE CODE 330-32^3 330-3300 33O-23I2 330-1362 330-1393 330-1505 330-1550 330-1559 330-2582 330-1588 330-1612 330-1658 330-1785 330-1818 330-1819 330-1830
DESCRIPTION Carbon Black Dispersion Bon Red Dispersion Thlo Red Dispersion Red Iron Oxide Dispersion "Monastral" Maroon Dispersion "Monastral" Blue Dispersion "Monastral" Blue Dispersion Indo Violet Dispersion Milori Blue Dispersion Indo Blue Dispersion Green Gold Dispersion Ponsol Orange Dispersion "Monastral" Green Dispersion "Monastral" Violet Dispersion "Monastral" Red Dispersion "Monastral" Scarlet Dispersion
-9TABLE I-A
330'-LINE DISPERSIONS SCHEDULED FOR FULL-SCALE COMMERCIALIZATION STABILITY PERFORMANCE TO BE COVERED IN FUTURE CORRESPONDENCE
330-LINE CODE 330-1355 330-1384 330-1622 330-2630 330-1655 33O-I679 330-1686 330-1687
DESCRIPTION Red Iron Oxide Dispersion Medium Light Cadimum Red Dispersion Molybdate Orange Dispersion Ferrite Yellow Dispersion Red Toned Molybdate Orange Dispersion I^ght Chrome Yellow Dispersion Medium Chrome Yellow Dispersion Light Chrome Yellow Dispersion
DUP030001705
REMARKS' ;
TABLE I I
STABILITY PERFORMANCE OF 330-3243 IN STRAIGHT ALKYD AND NITROGEN ALKYD ENAMELS MASSTQNES. TINTS AND IN COMBINATION WITH CONVENTIONAL DISPERSIONS
PW
* r**
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Prl PH PHPH
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H *H H H -rl CtJ CO CO (0 CO HOOOO POOO O H CO tO tO tO
stttt
ppppp
s pppp
bO h0 bD bO bO rl H H 'rl *H i--I rH t--I rH rH CO to to tO CO
+++++
P rl CO
Q CoO.
bO H rH CO
CO
b|)SCO
OH
H 8
H 8
HO
fcr
HO
tr
HOHO HOHO
f-i fr t-r tr
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bHO O
HO
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I II II II II II II II II
CO CO CO CO CO
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DURATION
PILOT TYPEum 7
PRODUCT
LINE NO.
DUP030001706
TABLE I I I
STABILITY PERFORMANCE OF 330-3300 IN STRAIGHT-ALKYD AND NITROGEN-ALKYD ENAMELS MASSTONES. TINTS AND IN COMBINATION WITH CONVENTIONAL DISPERSIOHS
02
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DUP030001707
STABILITY PERFORMANCE OF 330-2312 IN STRAIGHT-ALKYD AND NITROGEN-ALKYD ENAMELS MASSTONES. TINTS AND IN COMBINATION WITH CONVENTIONAL DISPERSIONS
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DUP030001708
STABILITY PERFORMANCE OF 330*1362 IN STRAIGHT-ALKYD AND NITRQGEN-ALKTD ENAMELS MASSTONES. TINTS AND IN COMBINATION WITH CONVENTIONAL DISPERSIONS
CM
SP
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DUP030001709
STABILITY PERFORMANCE OF 330-1393 IN STRAIGHT-AlKYD AND NITROGEN-AT.KYD ENAMET.fi
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B BB
B.l P... MB.PO PP
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DUP030001710
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DUP030001711
STABILITY PERFORMANCE OF 330-1550 IN STRAIGHT-ALKYL AND NITROGEN-ALKYD ENAMELS ..... MASSTONES. TINTS AND IN COMBINATION WITH CONVENTIONAL DISPERSIONS
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DUP030001713
designates b e tte r performance o f the 330-Line system; a-negative sign designates
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STABILITY PERFORMANCE OF 33Q-25S2 IN STRAIGHT-ALKYD AND HITBOGEN-ALKYD ENAMELS ...... MASSTONES. TINTS AND IN COMBINATION WITH CONVENTIONAL DISPERSIONS
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DUP030001714
TABLE X I
STABILITY PERFORMANCE OF 330-1533 IN STRAIGHT-ALKYD AND NITROGEN--ALKYD ENAMELS MASSTONESt TINTS AND IN COMBINATION WITH CONVENTIONAL DISPERSIONS
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DUP030001715
TABLE X I I
STABILITY PERFORMANCE OF 330-1612 IN STRAIGHT-ALKYD AND NITROGEN-ALKYD ENAMELS MASSTONES, TINTS AND IN COMBINATION WITH CONVENTIONAL DISPERSIONS
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DUP030001718
STABILITY PERFORMANCE OF 3 3 0 -lB lS IN STRAIGHT-ALKYD AND NITROGEN-ALKYD ENAMELS . MA5STONES. TINTS AND IN COMBINATION WITH CONVEMTIONAL DISPERSIONS
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DUP030001719
STABILITY PERFORMANCE OF 330-1319 IN STRAIGHT-ALKYD AND NITROGHN- ALKYD ENAMELS
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DUP030001721
TABLE X V III
STABILITY PERFORMANCE OF STRAIGHT-ALKYD AND NITROGEN-ALKYD ENAMEL PILOTS CONTAINING! COMBINATIONS OF 330-LINE DISPERSIONS AS REPLACEMENTS FOR CONVENTIONAL DISPERSIONS
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DUP030001723
D.S.C. #67-3 STABILITY REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. ABSTRACT----------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
II. REASON FOR REPORT------ -----TM 2
III. OBJECTIVES------------------------2
IV. CONCLUSIONS---- ----------2
V. FUTURE ACTION--------- ------
3
VI. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS------------ ---------------------------------------- -- 3
VII. DISCUSSION------------4
A. Introduction--------4
C. Criteria for Analysis of Results--5 D. Experimental Design----6
VIII. TABLES-- ---*.-TM--
g
I - 330 Line Dispersions Covered Herein--- S
I-A-330 Line Dispersions Not Covered Herein-- 9
II to XVII - Tables Covering Performance--10
DUP030001724