Document vQp0aJ0NRvOb4j7Yx9bMboeY

Alternatives listed in PFAS Annex E and reasons for non-replacement Application a) Sealing b) Wire insulation c) Immersion cooling Heat transfer fluid d) liquid crystal displays (LCD) PFAS Non-PFAS alternatives fluoroelastomers Ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) silicone rubbers PTFE, PFA, ETFE, FEP, Silicone materials FEPM, PFPE Polyetheretherketone(PEEK) mica EPDM Polyvinyl chloride ceramic based polymer Hydrofluoroethers Fluorinated amines -CF3 group Mineral oils synthetic oils natural oils Hydrocarbon fluids Cyano (-CN) group Reasons why PFAS cannot be replaced by non-PFAS In sealing material applications (e.g. packing), heat resistance, solvent resistance and low gas permeability are important, and EPDM and silicone rubber provide low or medium durability but not enough property, so they cannot replace all applications and fluorinated materials must be used. In cable insulation materials, mechanical, thermal, volume resistance and electrical properties are important, and the alternatives listed as alternatives have low resistance to any of these properties and cannot replace them in applications where they need to be met simultaneously, and fluorinated materials need to be used. For example, silicone has low resistance to mechanical properties (susceptible to tearing/abrasion), PEEK has low electrical properties, mica is hard and not suitable as a cable, etc. Compared to fluorinated materials (liquids), the viscosities of all alternative oils are considerably higher and it is difficult to circulate them and maintain a constant temperature. In addition, the flash point is considerably lower, and significant equipment modifications are required to ensure safety. For liquid crystal molecules, low viscosity, high resistance, low dielectric anisotropy and low birefringence are important, and replacing a liquid crystal molecule with a CF3 group with a cyano group will result in a deterioration in all of these properties and cause adverse effects such as slow response speed and unsmooth display, and high voltage drive and high energy consumption.