Document vLXbaa05p79DYdm26z39b12w

fv iOXSMTO il . MONSANTO CHEMICAL ^HMPAHY . ORGANIC CHEMICALS ''"'ISION ST. LOUIS 1, MISSOURI i i CHEMICAL SPECIALTIES DATA REPORT The information in this report was compiled to assist you in your evaluation and development of special uses for Monsanto products. Every effort has been made to include pertinent I material bearing cn the subject. This information is intended to guide your development work, but Monsanto cannot take part in the specific formulation or evaluation of any finished product.. .aince knowledge of such tthould be reserved to yourself and is often your moot valuable trade secret No. cs"6 Date March 1, 1957fc-'f&/ MONSANTO AROCLOR* RESINS FOR INSECTICIDE FORMULATIONS A Discovery A simple method of Increasing 'the service life of expensive lindane sprays was developed several years ago by U.S. Depart ment of Agriculture scientists at their Beltsvllle, Maryland, testing station. The technique was to incorporate Monsanto's "Aroclor" 5460, a resinous chlorinated terphenyl in the lindane solution. This pale yellow solid reduces volatility of the lindane -- slows it down to an effective, but not wasteful, evaporation rate. The result is an Insecticide deposit on treated surfaces that lasts up to ten times longer than that left by straight lindane solutions. Normally, simple solutions of lindane leave a crystalline residue that dissipates within a few weeks. On hard surfaces such as glass, metal or painted areas, the residues last only about a week. Because lindane is a well established and effec tive pesticide, U.S.D.A. researchers sought a way to Improve the lasting qualities of lindane residues. Of numerous com pounds tested, "Aroclor" 5460 gave the best results at lowest cost. Test Work A major objective of these studies was to develop a suitable formulation for application to crops and other plants. Al though results under carefully controlled conditions were quite promising, subsequent tests by other agricultural ex perimenters gave only moderate success. Consequently, in terest has been slow to develop in agricultural circles. Apparently, the vagaries of sunlight, we&ther, and plant growth represent too many variables for effective study of the formu lation residues by direct application to exposed plants. *Aroclor: Reg. U. S. Pat. Off. oMU'tv The information in (Ms bulletin in, lo our bot knowledge, (rue and aecuralo, but all recommendations or suggestions ere mode without guarantee, sincu the conditions of use oro licyond our control. The Monsanto Chemical Coni|sony cliocbiirivt any liability incurred in connection with tha use ol those data or auffRcsIiona. Furthermore, nothing contained herein shall lx> construed m a recom mendation to use any product in conllicl with emitting patents covering TOWOLDMON0043618 WATER_PCB-00028087 A New Idea But another possibility for putting the U.S.D.A. discovery to work has lain dormant until recently; this is the possibility of using to good advantage the ability of "Aroclor" resins to make the lindane adhere to smooth hard surfaces like metal, . glass, painted areas, etc. This would consist of painting or spraying "Aroclor"/llndane formulations on such areas as the inside of garbage can lids, on window screens, doorsills, the painted walls of outbuildings, dairy plants, storage areas, etc., in order to obtain lasting control of flies, ants, roaches, silverfish and other troublesome pests. Suitable formulations can be readily packaged in shoe-polish type "daubed bottles, aerosol spray cans, and bulk packages for mechanical spray application. Development of this idea is based on the following - Advantages of Using "Aroclor" Resins in Insecticide Formulations a A suitable "Aroclor" (Monsanto makes seven) can remarkably ex tend the effective life of lindane and other chlorinated in secticides as much as ten times (up to 2 and 3 months). "Aroclor" resins are very low in cost (around 20^/lb.). Small quantities are sufficient (5 to 25 parts per hundred, by weight). Formulation is extremely simple -- the resin is dissolved in a suitable solvent compatible with the insecticide. Stable in inventory and in Insecticide formulation. "Aroclor" resins are fire-resistant, non-oxidizable, non-corrosive, withstand weather extremely well. Non-staining "Aroclor"/insectlcide films formed when the solu tions dry are practically invisible. "Aroclor 5460 has a pale yellow color as supplied. Other suitable "Aroclor" products are nearly colorless. "Aroclor" resins are odorless -- won't impart "chemical" odors. "Aroclor" resins are safe to handle as long as they are not volatilized and inhaled. They are practically nonvolatile at ordinary temperatures, do not Irritate or sensitize normal skin. . The nature of the residue can be varied. Monsanto supplies a variety of "Aroclor" resins. These are chlorinated to various degrees and vary in physical properties as follows: Monsanto Chemical Specialties Data Report CS-6, 3/1/57, Pace 2 OA 7 7100 I| TOWOLDMON0043619 WATER_PCB-00028088 Chlorinated Terphenyls ' Aroclor 5^60 - Yellow, transparent, friable solid (dries hard) Aroclor 5^42 - Yellow, transparent, sticky serai-solid (dries tacky) Aroclor 4465 - Yellow, transparent, brittle resin (dries sticky) Chlorinated Biphenyls Aroclor 1262 - Light yellow, sticky, viscous semi-solid (dries sticky) Aroclor 1260 - Pale yellow, soft, sticky serai-solid (dries sticky) Aroclor 1254 - Pale yellow, viscous oil (dries "wet") Experimental Work and Formulations The following information was derived from preliminary reports on work done by U.S.D.A. research groups. These data are not to be construed as recommendations by either the U.S.D.A. or Monsanto, but rather are intended to serve as a guide or starting point for the development of private formulations. Fifty to 200 milligrams of lindane per square foot of surface has given good insect control on nonporous surfaces. The ratio of lindane to "Aroclor" 5^60 has been varied from 1:1 to 1:4. For most purposes a 1:1 or a 1:2 mixture is satisfactory. Formulations as used in the U.S.D.A, experiments are: 1) For application as a solution. Lindane "Aroclor" 5^60 Carbon Tetrachloride 5 parts by weight 5 parts by weight 750 parts by weight (Carbon tetrachloride is toxic and should be handled with extreme caution. Less toxic solvents are easily obtained.) 2) For application as an emulsion. Lindane "Aroclor"5460 Xylene "Triton" X-100 (available from Rohm & Haas) 20 parts by weight 20 parts by weight 100 parts by weight 3 parts by weight To obtain a stable 1% lindane emulsion, mix 1 part by weight of the above concentrate to 13 parts by weight of water. * I Monsanto Chemical Specialties Oata Report CS-6, 3/l/57 Page 3 TOWOLDMON0043620 WATEFLPCB-00028089 3) For use as a pressurized (aerosol type) spray. a) Lindane "Aroclor" 5460 Methylene chloride "Freon" 12 (duPont) 5 parts by weight 5 parts by weight 4o parts by weight 50 parts by weight b) Lindane 5 parts by weight "Aroclor" 5460 5 parts by weight Cyclohexanone 10 parts by weight Ortho-dichlorobensene 35 parts by weight "Freon" 12 (duPont) 45 parts by weight Experimental Results - American Roaches Using Formula 3a or 3b> the toxicant was applied onto a painted wall, depositing about 20t> mg./sq, ft. of lindane and a like amount of "Aroclor" 5460. Vfhen the toxicant coat was one month old, it gave 90-100$ kill Of American roaches when the roaches contained in a petrl dish were placed against the surface of the treated wall for two hours. The U.S.D.A. research team found that the lindane-"Aroclor" 5460 mixture (used at the rate of 50 mg. of actual lindane per sq. ft.} would kill 80$ of all cockroaches exposed for 2 hours to a 60-day-old treated surface. It remained lethal to 66$ of the roaches after 90 days. Regular lindane sprays used at the same rate killed only 4$ of the roaches after 60 days. Results With Houseflies Deposits of 25 mg. of lindane plus 25 mg, of "Aroclor" 5460 applied from carbon tetrachloride onto glass and aluminum (hard surfaces) gave 100$ kill of normal houseflies exposed for 2 hours to these treated surfaces after they had aged 18 weeks, the duration of the test. Without the "Aroclor" the hard surfaces treated with lindane alone were effective only about a week. A lindane plus "Aroclor" mixture sprayed as an aerosol onto leaves of a willow tree continued to kill houseflies after 2 months of outdoor weathering. Careful inspection of the treated leaves showed that the toxicant was held firmly to the surface and notwithstanding rain and weather, the coating re mained in good condition. Also, within limits of a preliminary inspection there seemed to be no injury to the willow leaves. Monsanto Chemical Specialties Data Report CS-6, 3/1/57 Page 4 TOWOLDMON0043621 WATER_PCB-00028090 [Note: The primary purpose of this report Is to provide in formation for the development of suitable insecticide formu lations for application to "nonsensitive" surfaces such as metals, glass, paints, and other materials that will not be damaged by the application. Development of formulations for living plants requires sufficient test work to insure that the formulations will not be injurious to the plants or their products.) Another Formulation Reported A more recent development in these experiments is the follow ing simple formulation: "Aroclor" 5460 25$ Lindane 25$ ! Methylethyl Ketone (MEK) 50$ Work on this was reported in the August 14, 1954 issue of Chemical Week magazine. This simple formulation appears to be most suitable for "painted on" formulations packaged in bottles but should be used with caution in mechanical spray equipment since the MEK solvent will soften rubber and certain plastics. The formulation could also be modified easily for aerosol packag ing. Since MEK evaporates rapidly, it should not seriously affect painted areas unless too heavy applications are made. The package label should include a caution to this effect. Also, . MEK is flammable. Possible substitutes that are less flammable are methylchloroform or a mixture of methylchloroform and methylene chloride. Formulating Other Insecticides The beneficial effects of "Aroclor" 5460 apply generally to other chlorinated insecticides including chlordane, aldrln and dieldrln, but do not apply to phosphate type insecti cides such as TEPP, parathion, methylparathion, malathion and chlorothion. * ** * * For samples of the "Aroclor" products mentioned in this re port, contact the nearest branch office (see attached list) or write to: MONSANTO CHEMICAL COMPANY Organic Chemicals Division Industrial Fluids Department P.0. Box 478 St. Louis, Missouri Monsanto Chemical Specialties Data Report CS-6, 3/1/57....................................Pace 5 0*177*0} TOWOLDMON0043622 WATER_PCB-00028091