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FILE NAME: JH DATE: 1977 JH022 DOC#: JH022 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: American Water Works Association - Recommended Practices for Asbestos-Cement Pipe I li: '>Vv-l... , . l i t e ite m m ,- \ -; 1*i **-o- 1 4 J lfii:' V ` `teteteV Ite ., i: frif &yip. Cidmf^t o0rr-~J? i ' : \ ; : : ! ii.-:; I 1*;:Sf:" <v i !i *J . J '- ; y-] i il Ki:: .If! lite1' 5 !? :;*-: i\J. I! Mi 00492G iA; .,h : ,,v' ' !i V5 I :i w m v 1-4 Ite I ;:': t ?" iCanadian Johns-Manyille C o,, Ltd/. >].' Mississauga, Ontario, Canada )i i J Cement Asbestos Products C om pany , Birmingham, Alabama l j \ i l :*i i * ; CertaUvIsed Corporation Valley Forge, Pnnsylvania " Johns-Mnnvllts Ples CtifpSHHmn Denver, Colorado i j.|, ` >il! Mexait del Norte, S . ; j Mexico City, Mexico ?' I" ':!1 R i' .ASSOCIATE MEMBERS: Amianius Dienst Export . .Hamburg, Germany | Asbestos Monterrey, 5 , A. Mexico City, Mexico Association de l'Industrie i'sbeste-Cim ent ' . N yon, Switzerland j L; : i| i , i ; ' Etemii, S,Y, ' h;-;''!!'' Amsterdam, Holland i; ; Eyeritube ' ' ' Neuilly-sur-Seine, France ' Jam es Hardie h Company Pty, ., L1 td, Sydney^New South Wales, AAuusstralia ( Helenit, S.A. Athens, Greece Hyderabad Asbestos C em ent Products Ltd. Hyderabad, India <0 I /; Paralsten Kalkki O y t |u . . Pargas,.Finland V: Sodedad Industrial Pisarreno, 5. A, Santiago,/Chile /' . . . 0 : ! y..; TAC Construction Materials, Ltd, . Manchester, United Kingdom I . -w : . V. v Iv o i.;A . A ; IS i ' N, i *:C ' H :iT E :H 'i! c 0r ife n fl . ri^ A l A -A A :- : ? ^ v ;i i'irs t \ f,zr.1hn..... g i ,;. A A A A A , , ,. : ; i ; i %' " .... s ; ? j- iMuOuUCuOn , , , , 3, , , , , , , , * } , ... i^Aas! S V ?.;!' . ... . si(i. I! - * . !: '-"t v | .: Asbestos and H e a l t h , A ,'A ,, A AY,AA .A a ay *-,r**)j1-1^.i.1I ' " 1 1* ' j i .\ ' {-.V, jj Summary of 0 5 HA Asbestos^Standard,*..... * [; .jj Products and Operations a ).? A!! , 'A;J. A , il : i i .1 i,.jr l- v A -i: *jj ^com m ended.`Work Practices ip .s T \*fl 5j } M A ilu if Shipping, Receiving,'.Handling and Assembly; A-u .V.-,t :ii ; Cut tog 'A /C P i p e - " V K i'i-V ;i i | crtijiws.nifiHg smiipHioni }}} }': i : jI ij:*'}) * Snap Cutting Equipment . A ,. A*. bi-'/i Machining A/C Pipe :j *; y/\ J r-.L '' v; ' Field Lathe--Manual A A A. A A A 'j A A A : ? = Field Lathe--Power A AAY AY, . . YVA .. . : . i : ! : : '}. ' Rasp--Manual AY, A A A A , A , , AA}AA ,, A A A A P* ` Cutting Holes in A/C Pipe A A : : -A i .; Shell,Cutters , J[ .. A A A.`A AA. A , A : ill- : Drill and Rasp . IA . V. , ; A p " - vVAii *: "i!; ; ; ' Chisel.and Rasp. AvAAA Ai'A ,i;.S'A, '-'vA}^Ai - V A;AA .AO. : v A i ; i : ^ A; A.A : ; P r e s s u r e . . . , ,s V. . * , . A,v?.. AA:i'ji; y; A|A Coupling Removal , .yAV. A .A'A ; . * A A;>'-Housekeeping and Waste Disposal a A'A, A 'i v .i. ' Non-Recommended Work P3ractice it A. ;;.... -j I Cutting'#iA:v' A||;a1vid A , [i i i Abrasive Disc-Dry AY' :v- .;! m - m w m i - M t :- ! :r-'V : - \A`.I A A'AA'vA --V v:rAV.-rH 1(0,19 All AAAAY: i i i MT00492S ; Hie Occupational Safety and Health Act in the United States and similar laws in Canada and other countries were ib ; . enacted to ensure so far as possible, every worker a safe and -. ''. healthy work place. This legislation is far-reaching, It cov- '}; \ ' 'ers millions of employees and nearly every employer, In. p!; eluding those involved Inutility duct and pi|>eline construe;-* : ion, ' . -- v-v. ; ;, in keeping wilh the spirit and intent oF these laws, !hs ' ji, {\ asbestos-cement pipe industry is roopemilhg WHH idhbf by ;|-!i * 'j disseminating Infprm/dlon regarding the potential hazards -s ) of exposure to airborne asbestos and the means of reducing ! such potential hazards through good work practices, t;'j y . Good work practices is what this^booklet is about, The ) recommendations ihal appear on the following pages are y ' the result of field testing and were developed through 1 'stu d y / They are intended as general guides to achieve safe ;j'' ; and dean job site conditions when working with asbestos- : ' cement (A/C) pipe products/Since field conditions will i ' vary, adherence to these work practices will not necessarily \ guarantee compliance with national, state or local regula- . j ; lions, Questions relating to compliance should be directed j ; to appropriate regulatory agen cies/.' /' . k'3./'/;: . [ The A/C Pipe Producers Association believes this booklet I ; , will be helpful to engineers, superintendents, contractors, */! foremen and laying crews In understanding and explaining established procedures for the safe handling o f A/C pipe ' J'' products, . , . - ; 1 . : i : . : ,9.1' ' yy. tiA iV ]c \ A i!:.y / y r :i? ! IH :. t : : ; , !' /-y::M # i: : ' v scar Abrasive D] " A : iil'iS '-:' Power.driven saws wlth abrasive^ 1not be iLsed for. dry buHing ur-b^ : Abrasive disc cut lets produce oo , dost which exceed -OSHA -pe PRACTICE ;TS A 'HERErORE ; MENDED.Ur/':' y | | jf| .sibledeveiyyl ;:' ;<- ; rA; j1 .v Vt:V j: if y t|ike?:r:-:-vr'j :-4^i* .'>' .';.-k " lam Housekeeping and f f Housekeeping is an important part of nny safe construction1,' As you are aware, airborne asbestos fiber has been operation. It is even more essential when airborne dust ' ; lifted as a possible health hazard, Very few 1hings to \v h jf|i| created by the lack ofgood housekeeping has thewpeotaernetieaxlp-.o!sed are "zero risks," But like Vue'automobijji- for harm to employees or others. ! !: electricity and x-rays, there are non-hainiiidyyaysdp|i|f| EQUIPMENT; All external surfaces of equipment should : \ l l potentially harmful things, " -s-| . be maintained free of dust accum ulations that might, if jf' Generally, asbestos-cement (A/C) pipe pi oducts corilljf dispersed, create asbestos fiber concentrations above p er-;,. less than 20% asbestos, The asbestos fiben are,riot Irce^t^ mi- iiblr exposure limits. ! ' f encapsulated or "locked-in" the cement .IriadCTfUkc'Mffl vVAMl. DISPOSAL: Asbestos-cement chips and cut-!1, forcing rods in concrete." The distinction between tings from the field operations described in this booklet i\nd "bound"asbestos is extremely important, H rstbf n il|| should W disposed of In a m anner that will not contribute ' . determines the probability of fiber release, which InHtifi, airborne asbestos dust to the atm osphere. Where cutting" ! :1 directly relates to the probability of risk. Impoitanil^ and machining operations are perform ed at the construe-j it explains clearly arid simply why A j ipej is :a';rid.?r; 1 lion site, the chips should be placed in the trench a n d !; harmful use of asbestos.' " ^ ill buried with the pipeline. ' : Expcrience has shown that minimizin;1b :poSutu;liViiJ| Where operations are performed at a central location1 ; -'ii borne asbestos dust is the only effective m -i' id of pi^ven'l such as a contractor's or distributor's yard on a more or less J. . -i ing asbestos-related diseases, Recom m it* d .wr-rK/piai.; continuing basis, the chips and cuttings may be collected;; tices are the best assurance of proyidir,; - xposure;kafri and mixed wet with cement and m ade into non-friable1 - *1 : guards.for yourself and your employees, ^ iil Conns. These forms may be used in the irench as supports;- for cast iron fittings and valves, as appropriate. 1! Otherwise, chips and cuttings should be collected in l scaled bags or closed containers impermeable to asbestos dust. Loose material should never be dry swept, When vacuum T* equipment is available, it should be used. Water or other :' dust suppressants should be applied in those circnm-. stances where sweeping is unavoidable, DO NOT BLOW WASTE MATERIAL WITH COMPRESSED AIR, : : . No visible emissions to the atm osphere may result from the collection, processing, packaging, transporting or d e -T petition of any asbestos-containing material, Wastes should be disposed at a site operated in accordance with the y requirements or applicable national, stats or local laws, .' jj - >. i !U h iff 1^; i.; .- r $ TJ-: l i)6tfX St>v . . f ' : . :f _ i . ' . - . . ;j\ The Occupational Safety and Health Act was signed into I f law on December 29, 1970, and became effective on April I'.' 28, 1971, On December 7, 1971, the Secretary of Labor issued a temporary standard for exposure to asbestos dust, ' As required by the Act, a permanent standard for asbestos CMHv.ure was promulgated six months Inter, Under the current standard, It is the employer's respon- v sibility to assure that exposure of employees to airborne- - ' f concentrations of jisb?9io fibers docs not exceed ihe fob I jow lng " permissible exposure levels": a, night hour Hms weighted average: Two fibers, longer if- y . than 5 micrometers, per cubic centimeter. V b, Ceiling concentrations: Ten fibers, longer than 5 mi- j `crometers, per cubic centimeter. In October, 1975, OSHA proposed a revision to the cur- rent standard which would reduce the eight hour time ; weighted ayerage exposure to 0,5 fibers per cubic centime- * ter of air and ceiling concentrations to 5.0 fibers per cubic ; centimeter, In their notice, G3HA stated that a separate i "construction industry standard" would be issued to cover ` workers who handle asbestos-containing products, This ,work practice booklet will be revised as necessary to reflect _ ; :any changes the construction industry standard may * i necessitate, . ;f The workpractices recommended this bookl v. f data for "peak dust cone" repre ; periods of maximum exfyosure, Field cutting and machining opera- V.-. ; dons involvingAICpipe are normally infrequent and o duration, Using these recommended work practices, it i ble that field personnel would be exposed in a typical working day' . . to levels exceeding the eight hour ti?ne weighted aver ! :: > * - i f : i i - : v ! i,. : * .1 ! ! . J s i 1'I f !. i 'J * M T04930 ^ ]a :m q \3 a li r i d i n n i e r a n d Q i s e I^h Replacement of damaged pipe necessitates eacay.'iuj'n, e s p b s n r ^ i and removal. Coupling remoyal may be accompli hvd bgddJg ally splitting the coupling length wise, using a this*, Iandball hammer. After the top of the coupling has been sp; it,-acrowhapohtif ' ; similar tool is used as a lever to split the bottom oi : Ar Pipe Products: AH pipe with A/C couplings ! Size Range: AH te fe l MT00493 i i'{ !d products 'and-Opcmtidi ; i;;iii-! r i '-'i' pJ Af c : : i i f i | i i Types o i A/C Pipe Products covered by iheic work include; ' " f-j d y d , j !, ] ;i y - , ^Class'1' Pressure Pipe : ; ' Vly y '* ; y . ' 'TiriiismlssIonT Pressure Pipq ; ;}: *!, j P . } Pressure Sew er Pipe); ' ip' j:P'-'-j j*>- !* t; 11; -' Gravity Sew er Pipe f " ;j 'id ;'yj p, . ! , i 'i Building Server Pipe j . ;'j- y 4 :y,'i* y T !! . y , Storm Drain Pipe I ' h | $ r T P l j L . *|| J v, Perforated UnderdrainPipe J.id;; y :y jy j>iJ ' ' Electrical C ondu it . j : *d ' ; :;i' ' ; Telephone D uel . ; j: T.jv|^ f ;I. j ' A ir D u c tjr ! ' I'"'- j- ;*' '* !'> v Operations to w hich these work practice apply ; V : Shipping, Receiving and Handling 1y :!i ' Cutting : : [ ;j v ' j, j| >;- f > Machining ; ? ; ' . : ;#t Hole Cutting |, ; ... f : y - , ;.| Topping ] , . ` :;-j. \ Coupling Removal Q v ; H ousekeeping and Waste D is p o s a l1; i l ; : ' i -'=!...j W V .. ;:1 . i ' 'i . i ' '/ ; "! J y.-. idjW Id i!* ;! y -iiyf y ^ y : : :!#; i|lw :y d id y di ; ld:> i # r*^ jV-- lii Si,:: i\ . . 'i;4, I'"! :4\ ` l i ip'd|:i !}': ^i ey.id d|;yi|d y id- f d^f -d .. I . ; ; Shipping, Receivings : Handling and Assembly* M 1004932 V -i T =J ^ F N o n - P r * ; .-V'Mp 'e Sa /) I a >lvjJ;-' U ASH , : * : WnTBaA. h 3510 }A/C pipe is shipped d ean from the factory and carefully loaded !'using m ethods acceptable to Ihe carrier. Loading, unloading, : stringing out and assembling A/C pipe are essentially dust-free , operations, Even in enclosed spaces, airborne asbestos fiber l levels from pipe handling operations are- far below existing an d ' , proposed occupational standards, .1 j.-. All h an d and mechanical unloading operations should be car- | ried o ut In accordance with the m anufacturer's Installation m an- ' 1; ; *1 ] ; y ' i *{ i A/C Pipe Products; All ' =.! -f \ Size Range: All y !.. VV# J N on-pressure or "dry" tapping for service connection' m a y by- performed inorabove the trench, The equipment isa'.lb cd to the pipe by means of a chain yoke, Separate -drills a r 1 (ap i or-a. combination tool drills and taps the pipe wall, Corpe Mon stops ' or other connections m ay then be affixed to the pipe. :TO* To minimize (a) the fouling of valves/ regulators, me e rs/et iAiy w ith chips and (b) unnecessary.addition of asbestos to ilrinH pp' w ater, all dust and cuttings should be ..removed from th e'p jj^ y interior by flushing with water,'.wet m opping or vacuum ngprirfi to placing in service, DO NOThBLOW OUTj.W! Ij i'X m W PRESSED AIR OR DRY iflS i Hole Culling '"T| '' Chisel and Rasp M y. SV#.' ?: - Vi ! A vi- } MT004933 c , . . ; . . :a ;b A jf Ii,:: ....... :;j, : ! : Carbide Blade Equi ptneril| II 1! g~- \ : 9 -: m :W ] 1 : 'r.: : d .. jil ; ;: d h " C C ,: ;! 1h ,/7aV. : r m l- / / "Jt' . ' a 0 .! a ' .H oles may be cutinio A/C pipe with a hammer and chisel, The jj 'Blade cutlers consist of a frame adjustable to IheclicnndcreiiV^ ; - edge of a plumber's wood chisel Is used to cut completely around ' } the pipe and a number of outboard, self-tracking roher?'thata3i>" j 'the hols outline, about a %*from the prescribed line, The opera-;l. one or more carbide-tlpped cutting ^blad } lion is repeated and the cut deepened until through. The edge3 of - }- ? typically hand-operated, Due to the relatively loy-p ju echan ^ . '\ . the hole are then dressed ..with a coarse w ood rasp, 'I ;! r . Input and dean cutting action, significant a m e n ts y,hj^90ff I . VVhen cutting holes in A/C pipe products, all dust and cuttings asbestos dust are not produced, y r ^ | ``I should be removed from the pipe or duct interior after the cutting opj'etjruajtnio'nii, Rawe-aimaoJyaoli mutuajyr be accomplished by flushi*n~cg{iwiwitihiijwuaji-wv* j iiujitiiijj m m , I' - A/C PI ter, wet mopping or vacuuming prior to placing in service, DO *7 Size Range; 3" through 24" ' .' . tux- NOT BLOW OUT WITH COMPRESSED AIR OR DRY SW EEP,!. : ` I-- !> 1 I' A. u/Cr -Pri,p.,,e P..r.o...d..u..c..t.s..;....P. .r.e..s..s.u...r.e..^ Q...r.a..y...i.t.y....a..n...d. Building See. -w--e-r;1 ': : I v .i: *; . j i `1. . : ; h : , I p/j! >}: , . . i , ; : 1 ! ; q ' ' . .AirD uct . . ' '; . Size Range: AD . ,;j ? :I. : *'?:/ *; , $A*.] V,1',<*? j- 4 I |v VY)*o**j.*;-i. w.V*. * i i j; t e t t ; .r. iII, . Ik.:?: Snap cutters or "squeeze and pop" equipment operates by means : . v of cutting wheels mounted In a chain wrapped around the pipe : barrel. Hydraulic pressure, applied by m eans of a remote electric or manually-operated pump, simultaneously squeezes the cut- ; . ;iing w heels into the pipe wall until the cut is made. . , . ^ :A/C Pipe Products: All V ; i * * / . }!' 1 < i` \> i - P j Size Range; Pressure Pipe--3* through 24* ; j . . : ; . i jI-j , 'Pf r^ssurSi Gravity and Building Sewer; Storm m>m ,l! |!IIIIIII]I1IIIIH M L'004934 1 ... ) :!i|V|'; '> ii };.; . . . .......... N. ................ .. ii Vi MVi` .u4-.V;V 11| W r*i^ r% i n mm; hi . Id. y ll m - i;w. 0 '.;, ' Si C m i: . -- ------------- i------ 1," 1 J. \>h ilia ~ " , U | i5g; Fide! connections may be made with a heavy, duly. ; and rasp. Using a carbide-tipped drill, a series of/lor holes are first drilled around the hole outline. The free with a hammer and the edges of the hole are dre^ised^j^h.l^^L coarse wood rasp. . -i ' ` y= "-*-**i'f ; j When cutting holes in A/C pipe products, all;.du?t-ahd^ttin^||p'''' should be removed from the pipe or duct^interior aii c^ h ecu y i||i^ I operation:'Remova 1may be accomphshed.by.flushingi^i|h }<'wof r-nnrirtii-io nr v.vtsinnino'nriftf tn'-hlndhe I?i?(?ryice/{ty^,t^^' MrjmmZ i Hole Cutting ,J! ! * '.Shell Cutters \,-h ; [) v, . ! Y . For field connections into APC pipe,, clean, ev en entry cuts may : be accomplished by m eans of shell cutting equipment. Shell j! cutters consist of a hole cutler housing m ounted on the pipe, a carbide or di iam ond-tipped bole cutter and a manual ratchet, ] ) pneumatic, electric or gasoline drive to pow er the cutting head, When cutting holes in A /C pip e products, nil dust and cuttings ; 1 should be removed from the pipe or duct interior after the cutting i. >\ operation. Removal may be accomplished b y flushing with wn- ' ter, wet mopping or vacuum ing prior to placing in service, DO * } NOT BLOW OUT WITH COMPRESSED AIR OR DRY SWEEP, ' A/C Pipe Products; Pressure, Gravity and Building Sewer; ,?. ; Air Duct.? ' ! | J; Size Range; AH .. ' j f .* | ; i:A : ;.r : - 'Ag-V v `r--; MT004935 ; >! " j` - f H 3 M ad'.inM |p Field Lathe-M ".aiill '' : vp : .1 -fl n-H Mr ,!i r'i; v> ;\r r; *. I 1 ' \1 t. -f ~.r.~ i* U j ' * !' ' i m ! :, \ i V I!. ':! : i I Manual field Inthes are designed to end-irim'and rvinachmi rough pipe barrels to factory-machined end profiles. Tin? lathe ^ consists of an adjustable, self-aligning arbor.inserted in tO ;lh e|| pipe bore (which acts as a mandrel upon ''which the buminjv" handle operates), a screw-fed turning frame, carbide mach* blades and manual (hand or ratchet) fum ing handle?. . A /C P ip e P r o d u c ts ; A ll .* h S h e R ange; All / : i! : !s i-; ij. i - iv /,: jv : : .A ' V >; r |iL * v- ! i : :H il ; I ih ! T 1 - T I 1.;^w3y ; . $ 0 k m