Document v6qjoExEYzjMDdYERJyxR9brw

B pp Ese ' ici M6 AR226 - 0627 | | 3M Fluorochemical Initiative Environmental Program . Global Environmental Program Objectives Develop an understanding of environmental fate and effects of fluorochemicals. Implement a strategy to minimize the release of fluorochemicals to the environment. Develop a framework to characterize risk of fluorochemicals in the environment. o& Overall Plan for Environmental Program Establish and implement an Environmental Exposure Assessment Develop an Ecotoxicological Effects Database Improve waste management practices to minimize releases Create Risk Characterization(s) + Employ expert scientists, consultants 3 Environmental Exposure Assessment Plan I. Characterize Fate and Transport | II. Release Estimation III. Distribution in the Environment - Empirical Sampling - Modeling IV. Exposure Estimate - Indirect Human - Ecological 4 Em) Foroofas sos hover [are Prioritizationof .| - -- Ea ES | FoThoma So es i iySoy Wer Come Wo | foc - SFroport 4 aEntanmt CharacterizeDistribution arrmcasTeS h m odang CharadterizeFateand Photodegradation| Tago BrCarpe=t 8Food EstimatHeumEaxn posure Coop \T=- Somemiaton _ SExepoos cEonmaprmaerle | C3Taomiatoa ka Environmental Exposure A m lan :logical Eco a Evaliu3ati. on Ecotoxicity Determinations s Estimated 1998 Wastes Generated (in Perfluorooctane Sulfonate Equivalents) at the Decatur Manufacturing Plant [WasteType | TstomatedEquivalents, os. | Treatment 6 | Distribution in the Environment In-field Sampling Near Plant Sites Multi-City Study -- Supply Chain and Control Locations Analyses of Archived Plasma and Liver Tissue Samples 7 `Water Sampling Near the Decatur Wastewater Discharge `USPaImp&leULPo2c:atiToennsn:essee River, upstreamofdischarge BQCII&: QB2a:keBra'kseCrr'eseCkrbeeckl,owdoouwtnfsaltlreamofdischarge, in quiet waters near Tennessee River WD1 & WD2: Tennessee River below Wheeler Dam SE I 20 5A BLBL Swbsufacewaerppm||| | 1 1 | | [PePrerffiluuoorrooooccttaannecssuullffoonnaattee ||<<0.01100 ||<<0.01100| 0.44[0.<002150||0<.001120||<<001100|| <010 | <010 homologues Surfacefilms, ppm 1 1TT11 [PePrerfflluuoorrooooccttaanneessuullffoonnaattee | WC | NC | | WNICC||T0e002 | | Too <010 ||0<20180T|NNCC | | WC| NIC homologues Fedmentppm || 1 1 11 Perfluorooctane sulfonate | 0.177 <.050| <050 | <050 | NC | NIC | <050| <050 homologues NIC =Not Collected 8 | Multi-City Study | Sampling Program Comparing Control Cities to those with FC Industrial Presence e Media: Drinking Water Wastewater Treatment Systems Landfill Leachate + Analytes: Perfluorooctane sulfonate and other related compounds 9 Perfluorooctane Sulfonate Presence in the Environment Specie White Pelican - CA Brandt's Cormorant - CA Brown Pelican - CA Dbl Crested Cormorant - LA Great Blue Heron - LA Dbl Crested Cormorant - FL Brown Pelican - NV Bald Eagle - MI Sea Eagle - Baltic Sea Sand Hill Crane - NM, NE, AZ Albatross - Midway Island Results Detected Detected Detected Detected Detected Detected Detected Detected Detected Not Detected Not Detected lo Analysis of Wild Bird Plasma | (Perfluorooctane Sulfonate) | Bald Eagles (1989 - 93) Ave = 41 ppb (30-77) | N=5 Bald Eagles (1992- 93) Adult 165 ppb 198 ppb 1047 ppb 226 ppb 371 ppb 375 ppb Sea Eagles - Baltic Sea 125 ppb 93 ppb 215 ppb Albatross (Pacific Region) (1992 - 93) BLD (10 ppb) N=5 n SAMPLES COLLECTED FOR SULFONATED | PERFLUOROCHEMICAL ANALYSIS Alaska (polar bear, farsessza offer) Whales O Baltic Sea (eagles, fish, mammals) | Great Lakes CaspianSeal pial seal NN Cariety) Russia, River otter. Marine otter `mammal b --- ) birds 7 eter ie d Tuna Cmouassstealls a(nndatiinolnawncid Meath eranesan Fy, 4 O Antarctica (Penguin, plankton) 12 Ecotoxicity Studies and Results, | Perfluorooctane Sulfonate | Acute Aquatic and Avian studies nearly complete --Slight to moderate Aquatic Toxicity -- Slight to low Avian Toxicity + Chronic Data - Preliminary Planned testing underway -- Complete acute/chronic package for Aquatic species -- Initiated Avian reproduction studies 13 Acute Ecotoxicological Testing Results WastewaterbPaecrtfelruioarOoEocCtDaZne09su)lfonat|e K+ Salt, ppm | [Senenastrumcapricomutum wemuem|| [(Daprhnieamasgnha waterwa| terfie)| [hysoiwdeospssismbeahcia(marine shrimp| 6 || [Fatread Minnow restwaterfish) [AvianDietaryToreyTost |__| | | [[AAccuutteeBBobbwwhiteQQuuaalTlNnoOmEoCr(aoidtyycwotn)e.|_| 8800 || 14 Chronic Ecotoxicological Testing Results Perfluorooctane sulfonate K+ Salt, ppm Daphnia magna _ 1 21-day Seml-Static Reproduction NOEC 21-day Semi-Static Reproduction LOEC Mysidopsis bahia 35-day Flow-Through Gro. 8 Repro. NOEC| [35-day Flow-Through Gro. & Repro. LOEC [ 0.28 os0 ] | | [FatheadMinnow ~ -- | 47-day Early Life Stage NOEC 47-day Early Life Stage LOEC 1| : I EE o 1S Waste and Emissions Abatement Activities - Decatur, Alabama Product and Process Understanding + Process Improvements -- Operating Procedures -- Reduce Waste Generated --Capture and Recycling -- Waste Segregation and Treatment e.g. Solid waste managed by incineration or in controlled landfills. Wastewater Treatment -- Improved Existing Processes -- Installed New Abatement Equipment -- Assess New Technology Solutions Ie Risk Characterization Framework Tier] - Assessment of effects associated with present levels found in the environment (fish eating birds) - End of 2000 - Assessments based on Decatur area monitoring study Tier II - Probabilistic Assessment, accounting for: -- Waste Reduction Efforts -- Environmental Sinks --Fate, Transport, Exposure Mechanisms " Summary and Conclusions No evidence of effects associated with the presence of perfluorooctane sulfonate in the environment. Releases from Decatur, Alabama, facility reduced by half since 1998. New abatement technologies under study. Additional steps to reduce releases: -- Reengineering -- Reinvention --Less bio-accumulation chemistry 18