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D.W.H. CASEY 5th October 1970* P.C.n'e. owc/no A.r. REGAN -- \/jQ> A meeting ccncetnlnq polychlorbiphenylo In connection 1th GLC Analytical fethodb and iL'ildllfs woe held at the Tinstnll laboratories oP Shell Research llnitod at Slttlnobaurn* Kent on 29th September 1970. The nootinq woo arranged by the ministry of Agriculture Fioheries and rood and followed a similar meetlnq held in 1969* Approximately forty pooola attended mainly from various brnnehea of the rinietry and related Research Associations* Several Univeraities were represented* Induotrlal representation vos limited to cnilcver Shell and i-'.onssnto* The proceeding were conducted Informally although nrnaontatlons on various topics ivore made in brief lecture form Sonia notes ere presented S flalley r fPlnof Aruatcl gave a brief account of tho prevlouo (nesting which had been held to diocu9a various aspectscf PCB datermination The Interest had arisen from work carried out on datermination of various chlorinated peetelde residues In animal and agricultural sample* where the PCB'e first appeared ee unknown contaminating peaks A Richardson fShell! dlseuseed eom* eepeoto of DDT and PCB analysis* Me mentioned Uurg [ Canada] who had evolved a technique of eatolytla * reduetlah/hydrogenetlon converting PCB*a to rilcyclohexyl type hydrocarbons for FID determination This woo generally thought to b* of littla use If the enalvet had eceeee to EC detection* Cloen-qp technique more briefly mantionad Tolling A SAscone f Unilever! outlined their methods emphaslxing an oxif^fclva cloon-up procedure Total recoveriae wore good in tho 90-95/, range with the main losses occurring during solvent rofmovel* Their main resoarch-type development was a shift to h lg h -ra e o lu tlo n [ e g * C P p lllo t y ] chromatography w ith use of coupled p h y sic a l methodo e*o* NKR. or KS In ordor to e s t a b lis h pack Identity* This ohoned that soma ordinary GC peaks tiers a c t u a lly m u ltip le to * h Cloning 143 procedures Mire mentioned otfoooinq their need when other residue noake overlay PC9 peaks* A new r.c stationary phase poly-rw phenoxylcno had been triad end woo one of the few phases found to oXutn DOC {.a ehloctoatad (Vctlelclo] In an orsa free from largo PCB psske* Tbs phfieo had a good upper temper aturs U n i t of about work /cent NEV 036780 u S :,-^ - 2- RP. l o W t f V c i . r,nrn".bnn`1 n.A*L. brioFly outlined the MCL position as Pat oo unrJytlcol mnthoda were concornod mentioning that tho 1C Methodology package11 hod been m o <Iu nvailable* The preonnt research investigations Into highraaolutlon CC with other physical methods being used to establish peek Identity esre also indicated The writer, esked to comment briefly from o plant producing Aroclors, outlined the equipment available at Newport and mentioned our monitoring of effluent diocharg end advisory service to cuetameret or any other interested parties Profroronr van Ccncforen [utrncht, Hrtilanril ascribed some of the work on PCO's at Utrocht Three commercial chlorinated diphenyls Mere belnq looked at in one particular invnetiqstion These were* Aroclor 12G0, Claphen [of Gorman origin? GoycrJ and Phenechlor [fronch origin - ? Prorinlecl, both or tho latter belnq in the seme range es 1260 These three appeared to be of different toxicity levels with Aroclor 1200 being the least harmful from the studies with controlled diet feeding to rsto Analytical investigation ehowad that:the Clophen and Phenechlor contained compounds of the following typeat tetra chlor dlbsnxofuren [penta] Tetro chlor dibsnzo dloxsdlene [penta] which from other work are known to be quit toxicI in particular they can set up . ekln conditions of the chlor*acne type Measurement end identification k g ro mad by a combination of gae chromstoqrsphy end mass spectrometry Aroclor 12G0 was found to have none of these compounds Clophen could have up to 5 ppm and Phenechlor UP to 20 ppm Holrian^f Tlchory ngmsprch, Pitlochry!, spoke about possible modes of entry of PCB's into tail finiro1 mvironmant [aopnclolly the marine environment*]* One opporent uource that they had uncovered was from the dumplnq of eewsqo sludges Sewage farms in the Glaaqot area periodically dumped slbdgss well doom the Clyde end some* but not oil of those farms had eludgee with PCfl contents giving e totol dump of about 1 tan af PCO per year Similar checks In the London area hod shown tho same state of offairs. The Bristol region, however, had not shown any worthwhile dump rate* Tt$ npaokor (Hindered whether land dumps oleo presented a possible route vie the Etnlmal feuding choln for email ereaturns to pick if) PCO'o in their diet, ending up porhrws with the larqe anlmols such as birda end various marine aiimala* He mentioned that a yot no PCB's had been found in fresh sister fish /cant, NEV 0 3 67 81 V V -3w franklin f"rholBr;n Collonnl. Speaking on enzyme induction effects of PC9*s ttoccrlbod t'^criments In progreas on rata where rather large [j&rm/kg bodyweight] Injections of Aroclor 1242 were given. In tests lasting up to 20 days no 111* effects tcero observed in that the rats did not rile and remained visibly hoel thy. PPl examination showed ths expected increase In fatty tissue tiround the livar uhleh Is not poculler to PC9#s but is caused by many othar compounds ns well. Vorloua in vivo and in vitro teats ware described to demonstrate that the PCS effect canned to be causing an Increased production of various anzymse* Crnoral Pincushion* Ccnoldarebla general dlccuoslon took place and same points era noted belowi 1. The Monsanto attitude to ths PCS question was warmly welcomed In that the Compeny was taking pert In the present rilncussione, In that it made Information on methods rstidlly cvrilablo and provided samples of Aroclors end woe plainly earn to be eo-operetlva* 2. Hony epcokara cfeprocatad the Press presentation on PCB*a which tended to imply that this waa the major reason for toxic :?Foots particularly on Bea birds end other marine animals. Ae one speaki.r succlntly put i t "why blame Pea1?". It was hoped that the present accent on PC3ae woe not drawing off irmseoeaerlly a large anoint of technical effort. Pare the WCL people could only point out that Aroelors had been made In this country for 2H years end In the U.S. for about 20 yeare befaro that end that one might havo expected toxic effects to hove ahown \p earlier. 3. The Bristol Chennai area ees mentioned ao having been surveyed for evidence of Pea's and some surprise was felt at virtually none being found although the f'Guport Plant was in that area*- We stressed that our works affluent wee monitored and the PCD discharge waa at a vary low fiqurs fno figure use mentioned nor waa reference mado to eetusrlna mud examination!. 4. One nponkar queetiuned the normal variation in chlorine content of an Aroclor* The enswar of about 05' on the nominal valua with no effect on the Interpretation of a PC3 chromatograph waa satisfactory. This qua ation oaamed to indicate that many people working In this field did net have nil tho technical information available to them* The impression was formed that soma oaoplu without a chemical background felt that e.q. Aroclor 1242 non a cllctlnct chemical entity different from e*q* Aroclor 1254 end did not fully appreciate that both wore mixtures of similar chloro compounds in differing ratios* 5. flection nos mode of the fact that eoms toxicity work mas being dona on Aroclor 125QV corns an 1242 and so on* This led to quaetiona an ths quantities produced of tho various gradse and also on ths ueo-pottam by area and perhope by Industry* none of thnsg oueetlona wee onewerod directly but It ano pointed out that certain information might be mado available to workers in tho field if a written requuut was presented* NEV 036782 / c o n t . *. Thin might finable interact to bo concentrated on noma PCBfs more widely ucod then othore* It woo further pointed out that fC ueo not the only producer of PCB'e ond thuo North See pollution might be arising not fro WC materiel* In this rospact oame of Profeeeor von Genderen's remarks worn quits relevant* 6* The trend to high-reealution CC end Indent!fleation of peeks promted several people to point out that the.ra could bo considerable differencrr in toxicity botwoon the vorlouo compononts of a PCD. Although the olzs of the task of Identifying all tho ptvoka in o chromatogram ueo loroo iinoug;,# thot of attesting toxicity studies on individual components wee very much largo* Stinmarv* Tho m e t i n g served to keep Newport In touch elth possible analytical developments In the PCB field, end also outlined the wider complications* It viae also fairly obvious that although the Compsny has made much Information evallohlef so might otill have more to do in the oducatlva line even If only to ensure that people do not make erroneous assumptions about PCB'o. D.W.H. CASEY NEV 036783