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Evaluati]lg Concun-ent Expostu-es to Multiple Chemicals: Mi]mesota Depai~ment of Health |10 CDEENAN C____ Risk Assessment Risk Assessment RiRsiskk AAsssseessssmmeennttHHoommee rd About [---- Programs/Services oso Chemicals Under Review Sos Guidance RunRules Lee -- Studies/Assessments -Links Cosnstac oat ik Contact Health Risk Aerant Assessment AT Related Topics CreniarVaoagiess Chemicals/Hazards Rudiong Exponres Reducing Exposures Sem vaterrint Clean Water Fund Enevioonmentna mensHeat Environmental Health = Division EH Division Home i EEvvaalluuaattiinngg CCoonnccuurrrreenntt EExxppoossuurreess ttoo MMuultltiippllee CChheemmicicaallss mmany stations a sample of groundwater cotsins lie chanics Chricls In many situations a sample of groundwater contains multiple chemicals. Chemicals incamnaton me caus avers affects hat woud tb predictedbased on in combination may cause adverse effects that would not be predicted based on separate exposurest th nda conceriatonsofechchemical present. separate exposures to the individual concentrations of each chemical present. Therefor, evaluating thsafety of a mixture of chamicais based on nies Rls Therefore, evaluating the safety of a mixture of chemicals based on individual HRLs may otprovide an sdecuate margnosey Th procures sted nhHest may not provide an adequate margin of safety. The procedures stated in the Health Rsk Lis (R45) Rlsfo Groutfor evlatng exposurefo lle Risk Limits (HRLs) Rules for Groundwater for evaluating exposure to multiple chemicals re bas ansn ade madThe US, Envecrmesal Protection chemicals are based on an additive model. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EA) ses th mds a essonse spprochgen htsukoonn Agency (EPA) uses this model as a reasonable approach given what is unknown about howchemical tract th body. Chehtsnharie cocmmoan hesath about how chemicals interact in the body. Chemicals that share a common health endarepevokatidonthtr, Chemical forwhe nest ecoontfs speciied endpoint are evaluated together. Chemicals for which no health endpoint is specified (0.Nore) are nndinary group. Siar health enwitor wsiht (e.g., None) are not included in any group. Similar health endpoints with or without hoendocrine )deasre dgoomnedsacurtaleont (n63. ty ) = yoa)nd the endocrine (E) designation are deemed equivalent (e.g., thyroid (E) = thyroid) and Shou be summed togtherinhe Health sk nde (42) cation should be summed together in the Health Risk Index (HRI) calculation. Foreach hamical sharahienatgh endpos, a rato fs cacbyacomtpareing dhe For each chemical sharing a health endpoint, a ratio is calculated by comparing the 9Paleorf echcnicoal cthe eexposunre aaintspecot ena groundwater concentration of the chemical to the exposure duration-specific health- A OA based guidance for that chemical. The ratios are grouped by duration and summed within eachhath endpogrroutp. within each health endpoint group. To determine whether th sum exceedsth mule herscal heath inde of ane or To determine whether the sum exceeds the multiple-chemical health index of one for noncancer, thchemicaes grouped according othe rancancar heath noncancer, the chemicals are grouped according to their noncancer health endpoints, 3, henrey,nervous system. A atoofthe messed concentration endpoints, e.g., liver, kidney, nervous system. A ratio of the measured concentration of achchamica ngrounduatar to hocorespondngheothbasad gidancs volvo of each chemical in groundwater to the corresponding health-based guidance value orth incu chemical icalctdfogachexposure duration. For example: for the individual chemical is calculated for each exposure duration. For example: NoncancerHil= G+ G+. Cy Nor~cancerHRI = C~ + C_~ + ,.. C~ HR HR RL nHRLz nHRL~ nHRL~ Where Where: 2... Cy = thconcofeth rrs,tsecoond,.., icharrthiascbelen C1, C2.... CN = the concentration of the first, second ..... Nth chemical that has been etcedin groundwater and hat causes spc noncancer fect (45). detected in groundwater and that causes a specific noncancer effect (pg/L). HR = Heath Ris dex. Th noncancer HRs detembyicancetid, or esc HRI = Health Risk Index. The noncancer HRI is determined by calculating, for each chericl viastimhs heath endo (sucash er effect), he corctatonf chemical with a similar health endpoint (such as liver effects), the concentration of charac nthe vatr cidedby h hh is ma for tht chal, and the chemical in the water divided by the health risk limit for that chemical, and sning te resuing tos (se blow foarn example). An HRI overans indicates summing the resulting ratios (see below for an example). An HRI over one indicates possiexceedances. possible exceedances. IHRL, RL, ..HRL the drat pai noncancer health isk i of the nHRL1, nHRL2.... nHRLN = the duration-specific noncancer health risk limit of the rs secon, Nchamicl ith hesamehaath ndpors tat hasben detected first, second ..... Nth chemical with the same health endpoint that has been detected ngronater a1). in groundwater (pg/L). A carcinogesnrs te 38 memboeftrh same grup A raotf hoe meseurd All carcinogens are treated as members of the same group. A ratio of the measured Conceration of each nica carcinogen in grub te hathbased concentration of each individual carcinogen in groundwater to the health based Qnen ShvaesretoTnsh?is Questions? Plosacontact Please contact: best ess health.risk@kstate.mn.us Ex3h7i2b4it h~p://www~hea~th~state~mn~us/divs/e~Vrisk/guldance/gw/adcF*tivity~htm~[~/22/2~8 12:34:01 AM] 33772244..00000011 ti Comme pn i oe ptt Evaluatiilg Concun-ent Exposmes to Multiple Chemicals: Mi~mesota Depai~ment of Health tensvbr ot cccshi tnrdod pts guidance value for that carcinogen is calculated. Ratios are added and compared to eamooe to.7s or the multiple-chemical health risk limit of one. For example: Coc 6 + Gee CancerHRl= Ca + ~ +_. C~ is hi nHRL~ nHRL2 nHRL. neeWhere: CIE ubcretion tfed.10 C1, C2.... CN = the concentration of the first, second ..... Nth 160 Het kn Th re try els sn HRI = Health Risk Index. The cancer HRI is determined by calculating, for each Carte errno il i pen chemical in the water, the concentration of the chemical divided by the cancer health rt eng Sere non risk limit for that chemical and summing the resulting ratios (see below for an Jutiolpiairb example). An HRI over one indicates possible exceedances. CLHL. HL =m corsa, cHRL1, cHRL2.... cHRLN = the cancer health risk limit of the first, second ..... Nth tot en sm geno chemical that has been detected in groundwater (IJg/L). ame st snes Cations: Example Health Risk Index Calculations: Touma best shorn,chicas if hd To determine the health risks when benzene, chloroform and vinyl chloride are est eoss chreiben present, the duration-specific ratio for each health endpoint is added together to et pains ak ct rs eet derive a duration-specific health risk index for each endpoint. Crocs | Chemical poet Amount coo detected pu in water wo(pg/L) Duration |HRL wo(IJg/L) tema Health Endpoint ser Benzene JChloroform Acute 10 ro Developmental prem Short-term 10 Blood system; Immune system sJ woro 35e]|[s psmos tnen m] 2.8 Subchronic Blood system; Immune system |e | 3|stn anne Chronic Blood system; Immune system == Cancer Cancer Acute ND Short-term 30 torhte rsee Developmental; Liver; Immune ensystem srr] |OmmanLns omre Subchronic 30 Developmental; Liver; Immune ponaisiinaiins system; Male reproductive ro 1.5 system Gore | | Cotmrsaiens Chronic 30 Developmental; Liver; Immune hgp://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/etglisk/guldance/gw/adc~tivity.html[1/22/2018 12:34:01 AM] 33772244..00000022 Eg Cocos il Cie Mim pct lh Evaluatiilg Conctm-ent Exposmes to Multiple Chemicals: Mi~mesota Depa~ment of Health Ssysteym;MMsalaletrreepprreoodduucc;ttiivvee ssyysstteemm Cancer NA Acute ND VingVinyl coe| chloride foe] Short-term 220 | 0.4 ne2| Subchronic 20 we] Liver weLiver ome Chronic [w]e] 10 Liver Cancer 0.2 Cancer NA= NotAva NA = Not Available ND =NotDerived (due fo insufficient toxic formato) ND = Not Derived (due to insufficient toxicity information) Thre aenocommonheathendpoints forhe acute durten.Frtheshordem uTrhaetreona,rethneo icmommumnoesnyhsetaelthisenadcpoominmtsofnorhethaeltahceuntdepdouirnattifoonr.beFnorztehneesahnodrt-term ednuorraotioonr,nt.hTehimesmhuonet seyrsmtehmaziasrad cionmdemxfonohiemamltuhneenfdpeocitntsifo:r benzene and chloroform. The short-term hazard index for immune effects is: Noncancr mune Wil rsem=o28w1+5 =03+0052035 Noncancer Immune HRI shar~-t~rrn = 2.8 1_.5 = D.3 0.05 = 0.35 10 30 FoFrotr hthessuubbecvhorroincicdduruartaitioonn,tthhee iimmmmuunneessyysstteemiiss aaccoommmmoonn hheeaalltthh ndocin endpoint ffoorr benzeneandchoroorm andth versystem sacommonhealth endpointfor ebenzoeneranadfncdhvlioonryolforcrhmimdaend. Thesubvoni the liver system ihsaazacrodminmdoenxfhoerailthmmeunndepoeifnetcftosr chloroform and vinyl chloride. The subchronic hazard index for immune effects is: Noncancer Immune H~tlsub=hr=ni~= Tm 2.8 ~..5 = 0.9 0.05 = 0.95 Thesubctvaichazardindexfo vereffectsi: The subchronic hazard index for liver effects is: NonvecHaesn=c18+e4 008 +002 007 Noncancer Liver HRI ~ub:hr=ni~ = $,5 {-0,4- = 0,05 ~- 0,02 = 0.07 2 30 20 Forth cvoniduration,theimmuneand Ive ystemsarecommonhealt eFnodrptohretcshfroorntich dsuraamtieonp,atihiengimsomfuncheeamnidcallivserssiynsttehmessubacrehrcoonmimccoansh.eTalhthe chronic heanzdaprodinitnsdfeoxfr toheismammuneepeafifreincgtss of chemicals as in the subchronic case. The chronic hazard index for immune effects is: Noncance Noncancer min Immune Hil vc23 815 HRI ~-hmnic = 2.8 1.5 #094005 = 0.9 0.05 +035 = 0.95 Th cori hazard index fo vereffects: The chronic hazard index for liver effects is: NonUsecr Hialvnnc c15+r04 200540082009 Noncancer Liver HRI chrmni~" = "]..5 I- 0.4 = 0.05 {. 0.04 = 0.09 0 30 10 (Caisnaccomemornheathendpainforbenzene andvi ccd. The cancer PaCzaanrcedr iisndaexciosm: mon health endpoint for benzene and vinyl chloride. The cancer hazard index is: h#p://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/et#dsk/guldance/gw/adrStivity.html[1/22/2018 12:34:01 AM] 33772244..00000033 Evaluatiilg Concun-ent Expostu-es to Multiple Chemicals: Miimesota Depai~ment of Health Conerh=2+81.444202344 Cancer HRI = 2.8 +0.4 = 1.4 2 = 3.4 202 2 0.2 Noneofthenoncancerheath iskindicesexcaeded 1. However, hehaathisk iNnodneexfoof tche naoncdnaonocecer xhceeaaeltdharrnisek, indicactianrg indices exceeded 1. hHeaolwtehcveorn,ctehren forthe health risk combined exposuretobenzene and vin chore. index for cancer does exceed one, indicating a cancer health concern for the combined exposure to benzene and vinyl chloride. Certfiates & Records ih Emsergienmcy iPreparedness Ep Facites & Professions Heath Care & Coverage [Rr Le tages & Populations Tr ree. pres) [Ey -- Comments 8 Quests PrivacyStatement & Dicamer Equal Opporunty Units Thro, Arai 28,201438 02M Updated Thursday, August 28, 2014 at 10:21AM h~p://www.hea~th.state.mn.us/divs/e~drisk/guldance/gw/adcF*tivity.htm~[~/22/2~8 12:34:01 AM] 33772244..00000044