Document v116NLMB07yRkqrO4zQNagqZZ

FILE NAME: Kent (KNT) DATE: 1950 May 4 DOC#: KNT115 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Book Excerpt - The Arsenic Content of Tobacco and of Tobacco Smoke 173 (jU THE ARSENIC TCOOBNATCECNOT SOMFOKTOE.BACCO AND OF M. E. DAFF and E. L. KENNAWAY. From the Pathological DLeopnadrtomne,nEt,.GSt..l.Bartholomew's Hospital, Received for publication May 4, 1950. PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS. conTtewnot orfetcoebnatccinov, easntidgathtieonvso,labtioltihzatfiroonmofththeisUanrsiteendicSwtahteens,toubpaocncothisesmaroskeendic, husaevde abreteifnicrieaplomrteetdh.odsThoef cwoomrkbuosftitnhgestehaeuttohboarcscdoi,ffwerhsicfhrommaoyurorowmnayinntohtartetphreoy adnudce tthheey cfoonudnidtionnos pbrreasnednst wofhetonbasmccookicnognitsaincainrrgiedonolyutmininitmhealorqduiannatriytiewsayo,f arsenic. The Arsenic Content of Tobacco. in n(i1t)riGcroanssdasnudlpNheulrsiocna(c1id9s3,4)peremcpiploityaetdiona mofetmhoagdnweshiuicmh caomnmsisotnediumof adrigseenstaitoen, saonlaultyisoens iwnerheydmraodcehloornicanaacliydt,icaanlduneisttsimcoamtiopnosebdy otfheeitGheurtz1eictigmare,th5ocdi.gar"etTtehse, obrra5ndg.stsumdoiekdin."g toTbhaecycof.ounFdivtehesuccohntaennatlyotficpaologlerdougprsouwpesreofan4alcyigseadretftoers eoafch5 barwaniddesrtoranragnege(8f-r3otmo 94-87-4t)oa3n(d93ppip.pe.mto.b(aTccabolea Is)m, walhleilreoinnedi(v2i6d-u0atloci5g0a-r0s).showed foun(2d) tThhaotm"aisndainvdiduCaolllcieirga(r1e9t4te5s),aunsdincgigaarsmoofdiafiegdiveCnasbsrila-nWdicvhamriaendnwmideetlhyodin, a(prsreensiucmcaobnlyteonft,"thwe hsiacmh erabnrgaendd)infrpoomols35oGf 2toto1144cpig.pa.rmet.t,eswfhriolemc2igaprasck(1s3o-2f 2to0 29-5T)haunsdtphiepecitgoabraectcteoss u(2s2e-d7 itno' 4th2e-8s)e sthwooweidnvaeslotiwgaetriorannsgseho(TwaebdlenIe)a. rly a 12- -i>t , ^ rraatnhgeer n(9a-r7rotowe1r14rapn.gpe.mfo.)uinndmineacnigvaarelutteess. anGdrionsspaipnedtNobealscocno,(1c9o3m4p)aartetdribwuitthe '/ii-'fv cthigearrse,sutoltsthfeormciixgianrgetwtehsicahn, dthecigfoarrms eorf rTehceoimvea,s bauntdthCioslldieifrfe(r1e9n4c5e).is not seen in w i' The Arsenic Content of Tobacco Smoke. , byARpepmairnegnttolynth(1e92fi7r)s,t ewshtiomfaotuesndof6thteoa3rs0enpi.cp.vmo.laitniliAzemdefrriocmantopbipacecaonwdercehemwaidneg y,, troobuagchcloyst;hautshinaglf soufctthioenarbsyeniac wisaetvero-lpvuemd pin, thhee csomnocklueded. t.ha. t" " we can say `A ti"ro^urgohssaacnigdarNeettles,oncig(a1r93o4r) puipseedatantheapdpisacrhaaturgse dorfawa isnygphaobnouwthi5c0h tmolo.kopflaacier 174 M. E. DAEE AND E. L. KENNAWAY Table I .--Arsenic Content of TobCaoclcloie.r, (1G9r4o5s.s) and Nelson, 1934 ; Thomas .,K/, Gross and Nelson : Cigarettes Brand. Asj0 3 parts per million. Means of brands. Range in 5 pooled batches of 4 cigarettes each : 20- 7 to 25-6 2251--3 ,, 361-3,, 26'7 292--7 ,, 139-0,, 20-1 Cigars Rangberainnd5s:single cigars from each of 5 Pipe tobacco . 1--4 Range in 5 samp8le'3s ftroom48e-a4ch of 4 brands: 11-6 to 2-[j 26-0 to 50-0 31 1 to 45-1 ThCoimgaarseattneds Collie"rA: single pack of 20 " " Groups of 2 to 4." ` Another pack ' 35-461;-440-067;-040571;-447-284;-500-011; 46-01-4* Cigars (about 1-4 1;3-2 ; 2;2-5 ; 2;6-2 ; 29; -5 e1n0d%s)cut off at Pipe tobacco 1- 39-6 ; 26-5 ; 22-7 ; 34-5 ; 42-8 hen*ceTahrcesneoftigcuarlcesulraetperdemseenatntsh,ethaoctuugahl eaancahlyfsiegsurien rpe.ppr.mes.e,notns tphoeomledeagnrocuopmspoofsi2titoon 4ofcitghaerectigteasr,etatneds in one pool. t1h/r2eein.timtoes3/4a imn.inu.te.. C. igars thanedarcsiegnaircetitnesthweer"ep"ufsfmedo"keadnddo"wnunptoufafebdou''t asmrsoenkiec wreacsovaebrseodrbinedthaensdmoekstei,maasthedansdepbaurtatsteilsy.shoTwhneinmTeaanblediIsIt.ribPutipioentoobfactchoe cwigasarcsoamndbucsitgeadreutntetsilrenmo arienseidduienbthuet basuhttsw. asTlehfet,frwachtiiloenabinouthte2p2upffeerd,ceanstagoafitnhset tbhueteudnptouf"fetdh,esdmyoikneg idsohwignhoifnththeeecmabseerobfeptiwpeeetnobpaucfcfos.,"which difference is attri Table II.--Arsenic Content of TaobnadccCoolSlimero,ke1.945(.G) ross and Nelson, 1934; Thomas Mean distribution of arsenic recovered. Arsenic volatilized. Tsmoboakcecdo." Usnmpoukffee,d sPmuoffkeed. sTmootkael. Ash. Butts. Range. Mean. Gross and Nelson : 01/o./ 20/.o/ 3/./o 40/.o/ 50/o./ 06/o/. 7. /o CCiiggaarrse,tt5esb,r5anbdrsands . 152--63 151--50 2131--13 4680--66 2288--13 .. 3125--21--3441--73 3263--10 Pipe tobacco, 4 brands 4-6 25-9 30-5 69-5 26-1-32-8 30-6 Thomas and Collier : v Cigarettes, 6 brands : 21nstd ser,i,es 5 1144 19 6636 2108 3rd ,, 4 10 14 49 . 37 Cigars, 4 brands : 21nstd ser,i,es 47 78 1115 6727 278 Mi 3 r d ..................................... 2 Pipe tobacco, 4 brands ! 3 2102 . 2134 7797 7 ARSENIC CONTENT OF TOBACCO 175 volaGtirloizssedaanrdseNnieclsinonth(e19b3u4t)ts,dienvdoitceateadgboyodthdeeaaml ooufnatsttaesnstuiomnedtototbhee parrerseesntt ionf tthheeycoarrrreivspeoantditnhgepfoigrtuiroens ogfivthene oinrigthineal6ctihgaarnodr 7citgharceotltuem. nsBoyfsTucahblceaIlcIu, lwathioicnhs aarlle,thoef tcoobuarcsce,o hdiogehserntohtatnhetrheofsoereinhaCvoelutmhen p3r.ote"cTtihoen paifpfoerdsmedokbeyr twhheobsumttoskeosf gcirgeaartsinantedrecsitg;atrheetteims/'porFtraonmt dtahtuempriesstehnet apmoionutnotfovfiaerwsenthicisinqhuaelestdi,onanids innotthoisf couTnhtroymoanslyanadboCuotlolineer s(1m9o4k5)eruisnedtenansmapopkaesraatupsipseim(Hilaarnstoardth,a1t94o5f)..Gross and Ninetelsrovnals(.193I4n), twhehiirchfirpsut mseprieeds 1(T0atbole5I0I)mcl.igaairretdteusriongf 71c-2m.selecnongdths water1e0s-mseocoknedd adroswennictofo1uncdm.w;asincoamlpaatererdsewriietsh oannlayly2s/e3s woafswbhuorlneedc.igaAretttefisrsftro"m. t.he. satmhee apnaaclky,s"isb;utapinpavrieenwtlyofththeey lfaarigleeddtioffedriesnccoevserthtehyatlathteisr cmuetthooffdaablsooutca0n'8bcemf.alfloar cailothuos.ughThine tfhirestfairnsdt 1se0c-o2n0dmsle.riaensdshoinw'thveeryselcitotnled d5i0ffemreln.cwe ains dthraewpnerctehnrotauggehs aNtelesoacnh(1p9u3f4f.), wThhoeserecsiuglatsretatrees icnongteanineerdal caognrseiedmereanbtly-wleitshs athrsoesneicof(TGabrolessI)a.nd G METHODS. / / : Outze.it, Method. // depOenudrseuaprolinerthreesublrtosw(nTaabnlde yIeVll)owwecroelooubrtsaipnreoddubcyedthine pGauptezreiimt pmreetghnoadt,edwwhiicthh HangdCshho;wi-tsisdiffifteterednfcoerstmheosmt ecalseuarrleymienntthoefraamnoguenotsf 8oftoAs320p3g.betTwheeerne 1m0aayndbe1cpogn., smideenrtasbtlheedimffeearenncwerassintatkheen mofattchheesremadaidnegsbymdadifefeirnednetppeenrdsoennstly; ibnythtwesoepeexrpsoenris ufonlaliwearre(1o94f5th) ewnaastuadreopotfetdhelautenrkn(Towabnlse.s IITIh, eVioadnodmVetIr)icinmvetiheowd,ooffthTehodmifafiscuanltdy othfedaetdevramnitnaigneg tthhaet,smwahlalteavmeorumntasyofbearistesniecrrloorsst iinn osmthoekrinregs.peTcths,e tmheertehoids lheasss dabisoaugtrewehmicehnttwooveorbstherevevresruysusahlalrypdoenndo-tpodiinffter(tbiytramtioorne tohfaniod0i'0n5e ca.cn.d(0s'5tarpcgh.)),, >A/ whiBleeifnoretheweGuhtazdeitobmseetrhvoedd gthreeatdeirffderifefnecreensceins aarresecnoicmmcoonnt.ent which may be nj gf o ufnBdrawndithCi--n Aa swinegiglehicnigga0r-e1t4te9,9thg.r,eeBs0uTcc5e2s7sivge. apniedceCs Ow'e1r4e29cugt. froTmo tahecigmairdedtltee a> ^piteimce,atBio,nws auspoanddtehde wI hmolle. ooff AtheansdtaCndaanrdd uspooluntio1n/2=of1B0 gpagv. eAasb20o3u.t 7Gpugtz. eiint ]`ij\' eaa^oohufon1e4, phge.n,coer, i8f2thpeisr cciegnatreotutet ohfap1p7enpegd., twoasbereocfovfaeirreldy. unAifnoormthecrotmesptosoiftitohne, Outzeit method is described under " Other Brands " below. -Method of Thomas and Collier (1945). `Mi}'. ^Thefes3ti0mgagti-o,nassuapomn eBthraonddswPhicahndisCswufefrieciuesnutlayllyacccaurrraieted owuitthuipnonthaismroaunngtes 176 M. E. DAFF AND E. L. KENNAWAY aTlhloewms eotfhoddupalnicdataeppeasrtiamtuastioonfsThuopmonassianngdleCcoilgliaerret(t1e9s45c)owntearienitnegste4d0, tuosin60g thxge. pstaarntdoafrad ssoolluuttiioonn coofnAtasi2n0in3g(1a0cpogm.biunst1edmcl.i)gaeritehtteer, aolronaseh oarndadsdtuemd pto(Tanabaleliq11u1o)t, T able III.--Percentage Recovery ofArsenic by Method of Thomas and Collier (1945). Arsenic, (Xg. 100 50 30 20 10 Standard solution alone : NRuanmgbeer of estimations 90-21-199-0 .. 85-0,294-0 .. 87-44-92-4 . 90-0-6107-5 .. 98-0-4105-0 Mean 94-6 . 89-5 . 90-3 . 97-5 . 100-25 Standciagradrettseolourtiaosnh +ancdosmtubmuspte:d NuRmabnegre of e.stima. tion.s . . 77-56-88-5 .. 74-0-5100-0 Mean . . . . 83-2 . 87-0 W(30ittho t1h0e0pfiugr.e) tshoalnutwioint,h tthhee lroewsuelrts(1w0etore2l0esfsiga.)c,ctuhroauteghwwitihthththee hlaigttheerr tahme otiutnrats t(i1o9n39e)rrcolarimis o"f co. ur.se .conasnidaevraebraleg,easre0co'0v5ermyl.of=990-'55 pfeigr.ceCntas"siolfaanmd oWunicthsmfraonmn c5otmopl5e0t0e (fbige.tweInent8h0e apnrdes9e0ncpeerocfetnhte). coGmrbosusst(e1d93p3r)ohdausctdsratwhen raetcteonvteiroyn itsoltehses oatctcruibrruetnecde toofunsuccohmbeurrsotersd riensidthueeseostfipmyartiidoinneoafndarnseicnoictinien ;towbeacfacoil,edwthoicohbtaairne Fsaotristufancattoerlyy rtehseudltesfebcyt wthaes omfetthheosdamwehiocrhdehrewdietvhisbeodthtothoevsemrcookmede athnids udnisffmicouklteyd. material, so that the measurement of the arsenic volatilized was not affected. In the ApRreSvEiNoIuCs iCnOvNesTtEigNaTtioOnFs sCuIGmAmREarTiTzEeSd, aAbNoDve OarFtifAicSHial AmNeDthoSTdIsJMofP.smoking wwearteere-pmupmlopy.ed,Tahiirs bperioncgesdsramwinghtthrboeugfahllaacpioipues,, casigathreorer cisignaroetwtearbryanmt etahnast otfhea awpapya.ratWuserheapvroedcuocnefsintehde ocuorndeixtipoenrsimperenstsenwthwohlleynttoobcaigccaoreitstessmsomkoekdeidn bthyeounseuaorl toothdeor tohfisthirneethpeeirrsoonrdsinacacryuswtoamye;dtthoetthwisofborramndosf usmseodki(nPg,anadndC)thaerye iwnecreomasmkoend ubsoettliensthinis ocuorunetaryrl.ierTehxepaesrihm, eanntds,stbuumtpl,awtteerrelydrtohpepetdwointhoavseepabreaetne, waneaiglyhsinedg itnodgiectahteer t;hetheamamouonutnvt oolfatairliszeendicinfouthned,simf olekses, tohfanwhthicaht ianptahret cmiguasrtethtea,veshobeueldn itnospaisrceedr.tainButhteacatruseanlliyc tchoentpernotbolefmthies cbiyganroettmeeoarnisgisniamllpyle(,TtahbeledIifVfi)c.ulty being cigaTrehtetedsa, toarininTpaobrlteioInVs sohfotwhetshe,atfrtohme a5mpoaucnktagoefsaorsfeonnice (bArasn20d3((Px)g,./rga.n)gineswfhroomle r2a4ngtoe (12086,toan6d1).in Honeencpeaictkiasgiemfproosmsib5l6e ttoo i1n0fe6r, twhheilaersBenraicndcoCntsehnotwosf caigsamreatltleesr aBbeofourtettohibsewsimdtohkeodf ruannlgeesswtahsereaavleizraegdewoefoabtvaeinryedlamrgaenynucmonbterardiisctaosrcyerrteasinueltds,. smhoorwe,intghaanmtohuanttsthionutghhetatsohbaendprsetsuemntpowrihgiicnhalwlye.re sometimes less, and sometimes ARSENIC CONTENT OP TOBACCO 177 Table IV, -Range oMf eAthrsoedn.ic (SCeoenatelsnot TianblTewoV aBnrdanVdIs.) of Cigarettes. Gutzeit Pnaucmkabgeer aonfd AssO, pg./g. Brand P. cigarettes. Range. Mean. 89 WCihgaorleetcteigsa(r7etwtehsole.s and. 2 h.alves.) . . . BA 12000 49-5-76-6 55-9-106-2 .. 6872--83 1 PPiieecceesfrfroommea3cchigoafre4ttceisgarettes C D 2100 2357--82--5394--73 .. 4390--67 C>Successive pieces cut from 1 cigarette D 20 58-4, 5518--97,, 4318--58, 58-4, . 46-1 13 Estimations on m ixed tobacco of 10 cigarettes E 10 23-9-31-9 . 27-5 Range in 5 packages of Brand P 23-9-106-2 Brand C. 1f0>PSuieccceesssfirvoempi5ecceigsacruetttfersom 1 .cigare.tte AA 2200 54-2, 4333--14,-5611--85, 30-6, .. 4501--13 1 Estimations on mixed tobacco of 10 cigarettes B 20 28-531--500-3 . 38-5 Range in two packages of Brand C . A and B 40 . 28-3-61-5 These results are reckoned as (Ug./g. in order to give a uniform basis of comparison. B ut as the oI)ls Ihe arissenniucmineroicnaellycigthaerestatem, ewahsipcharitss opfermmoirlelioonb.vious practical interest. A quantity expressed Fi-g--.--1--.------C---o-n--seCcuigtiavreetatne.alyses of cigarettes, and of ash and stump. Brand P. ----------------- Ash and stump. cigaTrheetteG, usutzcehitams eththoosed oefnaBbrlaensdasnPesatnimdaCti.o.nWtoe btheemreafdoereucpuotno1ff/5sutcoh1p/1o0rtioofnas hd>erscarnibaelyds.is Tfrhoemrecsiuglatrsetwteesr,e oafgwaihnicchonthtreadreicmtoariyn,dearndwawsesmfoouknedd tihnatthesumchansnuecr tcoes5s4iv-e2.poorrt1i0o0ns: 1m7a7v'inshCo(wTaabrleanIVge).of 38-8 to 58-7, or 100 : 151 in P, and of 30-6 roiInnthtehecihgoapreetteosf oofbatapinaicnkgagmeoorfe 1u0noifro2rm0,.amnadtetrhiealt,obthaeccpoampeirxsedwberyehraenmdoavnedd 178 M. E. DAF'F AND E. L. KENNAWAY ma minaccehdinwei,tha fsiclitsesro-prsl.ug Cbeiginagreitntesserwteedreatmoandeeebnyd troolklienegptthhies ctoobnatecncotsifnropmapfearllsinign odiuftf.icuBltutot etavkeen utphissamtrpelaetsmoefnstucdhoems anteortiaglivwehiscahtiwsfiallctcoornytariensuclotnss;tanitt pisrovpeorry tfioornmserof; ththee ctooabrascecroanwdouflidnehrapvaerttioclebse, garsotuhnedlatottear pteonwddetor, fsailml ialawratyo fsrnoumff,thtoe s1e0c0u:re17u8niinfoCrm. itMy.oreTohveer,anthaleysmeisncreadngteodbaicncot,heevreantiwohoenf m10o0is:te1n33edi,nisPnoatnedasoyf to sAmdojkaeceinnt tchiegasraemtteeswoafyBarsanodrdPinafrroymtoabamccuoc.h larger package, containing 100, twheereatdaokpetnio,nbuotfththeesemaettfhiorsdt sohfowThedomaawsidaendranCgoell(ie4r9-5(1t8o457)6,-6i,nTpalbalceeIVof).thAatfteorf cGhuatnzgeeit,cawnenoctambee aucpcoonunaterdowforinbythtihsebgoxreaotfermaocrceuruanciyfoormf thceomfopromsietiromn e;thtohdis. nSautcecleys.sivTehseinagnlealcyisgeasreotfte3s0 ocronpsaeicrsutiwveerceigcaormetbteusste(TdaabslesuVcha,nodrFsimg.ok1e)ds,haolwteerd T a ble V.-- ConsecutivMeeAthnoadlyosefsTohfoCmiagsaraetnteds,Caonlldieorf (A19sh45a).nd Stump. Cigarette. 48-3 48-6 5521--73 4416--37 50-5 62-9 55-8 51-8 48-2 40-2 60-5 56-1 42-7 A s 20 - 3 n-g--.-/-gA. sh and stump. 4416--17 4473--10 35-4 51-7 47-0 44-7 40-5 40-5 45-2 30-8 39-6 4369--02 Brand P. I 50-5 42-6 oss per cent. == 15-8. P = 0-001. 1A$s athnadt haand apvreersaugme aobfly15b-8eepnervocleanttiliozfedth;e tahrsisenliocssisislossttatinisttihceallpyrosciegsnsifoicfasnmt o(kPin=g 'k a0v-0a0il1a)b. leTchoentsaaimneedm50et;hotdhewfairsstaptwpolierdowtos 7-6 per cent, which was not statistically sBhroawnedd Cin, significant o1f8 wcihgiacrhettthees (P = 0-2). alarlogsesstofbooxnelys The first two '1 irnow2s2ocfigaanroetthteesr, baoxsig(nTiafbiclaenVt Ilo)sws eorfe 1o3f-7mpoerer cuennifto(rPm=co0m-0p1o)s.itioTnh,reaendcisghaorweteteds, in the 3rd row taken for ashing yielded exceptionally large amounts of arsenic 1 SO M, E. DAFF AND E. L. KEXXA'WAY Tinhesp4itteh orofwthsehosmweadll anulomssbeorfs 1(81-22 cpiegrarceetntets,)wihnivcohlvisedj.ustTshigeniafnicaalynste(sPu=po0n-0toh)e, wcohuorlsee boofxtheshaonwaelydseas osingnthifiiscabnotxliosssshoofwn10i-n7 Fpiegr. 2c.ent (P --0-01). The whole packSeetvseroarl teaskteimn aftrioomnscoignarfertotems, 1g0avteo a2m0ocuingtasrebtetetwpeeanpe0rs-7, 5wahnedth2erpgb.ou; ghhetncien t1h0eCqcuiagnatriettyteisngaavsein1g-l2e5 cpigg.arette is negligible. The papers and cork-tips from BRANDS OTHER THAN ENGLISH andCsiogmareettbeys othftahtirotefeTnhootmhearsbarannddsCwolelireerex(1a9m4i5n)e. d,Tsohmreee bwyetlhl-eknGouwtzneiAt mmeertihcoadn bofratnhdesEgnagvleishfigburraensd(s25P taon4d7Cpg(T./agb.)leraVthIIe)r.,loAwlelrththeaenigthhteTmueraknissh(5b0ratond5s5sphgo.w/ge.d) T a bl e VII.-- Brands other than English. American : Brand AF S Brand. Number of cigarettes. 21 5 AsaO, gg. per g. 43.51--20, 47-0 30-0, 25-3, 26-3, 26-9, 31 Turkish : Brand " R:r ,, BBooxx 21 .. 25 Nil* 1-03 ; ; n(ial s;h 4--|-3 s; t unmil p()a sh1 - 4-- stump) nil. "A 1 in t4wwo hpoolretions 01-- 50,8,1-19-08, 1-0, 0-9 "G 1 in t2wowhpoolretions M4-0,, 12--31 BS 32 01--50,, 1O-n0, 0-5 PC 33 3N-4il,*0-5, 1-2 French j M 24 31--53,, 03-5-1, 1-7, 0-7 ? Rhodesian 3 4-1, 1-8, 2-6 * i.e. colour not distinctly different from that of blank. bvreoryuglhowt fraommouFnrtasnc(neil atnod4bypgc.i/gga.)r,etatensd ssuipmpiolasredretsoulctosnwtaeirne Rghivoednesbiayn atopbaacckcoet. AofftFerratnhkefsuertreas.ulMts. wgievriengobtthaeinfeodllowweincgamreesuupltosn: a short note by H. Popp (1928) Tobacco from the Palatinate . . . . Arse5n-i1c p.p.m. ,,,, ,,,, JMaavcaed.onia .(ciga.rette.toba.cco) . . 00--733 ,, ,, Brazil . . . . . 4-6 Hthee pcoosmsimbleentismpuoprotnantcheeomf iuncshechtiicgihdeers.figures of Remington (1927), and suggests cigaTrhetetepsowsseibreilidtyuewtaos scoomnseidceornedstitthuaent tthheavvinegry alnowinrheisbuitlitnsggievffeenctboynTtuhrekirseh- 182 M. E. DAFF AND E. L. KENNAWAY REFERENCES. CGarsossisl,, CC.. RC..,--a(n1d93W3)icdnhdm.adnSnng,.HC.hJe.m---. A(1n9a3l9.)EJd..A, s5s,'.5O8.ff. agric. Ohem., Wash., 22, 436. IHdaenmsaarndd(1N94e5l)soPna,rlOia.mAe.n--ta(r1y93D4)ebAamteesr,. 4J0.7P, u6b26l.. Hlth., 24, 36. PRoepmpi,nHg.t---on(,1R92.8E) .Z--. {a1n9g2e7w).JC.hAemm.e,r4. 1c,he8m38..Soc., 49, 1910. T hom as, M. D., and Collier, T. R.--(1945) J. Ind,ustr. Hyg. Toxicol., 27, 201. ?